WO2018028070A1 - 智慧城市体系结构 - Google Patents

智慧城市体系结构 Download PDF

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WO2018028070A1
WO2018028070A1 PCT/CN2016/105670 CN2016105670W WO2018028070A1 WO 2018028070 A1 WO2018028070 A1 WO 2018028070A1 CN 2016105670 W CN2016105670 W CN 2016105670W WO 2018028070 A1 WO2018028070 A1 WO 2018028070A1
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platform
information
sub
smart city
service
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PCT/CN2016/105670
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English (en)
French (fr)
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邵泽华
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成都秦川科技发展有限公司
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Priority to JP2019505230A priority Critical patent/JP6932766B2/ja
Priority to US16/320,496 priority patent/US10798174B2/en
Publication of WO2018028070A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018028070A1/zh

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    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06QINFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G06Q50/00Information and communication technology [ICT] specially adapted for implementation of business processes of specific business sectors, e.g. utilities or tourism
    • G06Q50/06Energy or water supply
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06QINFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G06Q50/00Information and communication technology [ICT] specially adapted for implementation of business processes of specific business sectors, e.g. utilities or tourism
    • G06Q50/10Services
    • G06Q50/26Government or public services
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L12/00Data switching networks
    • H04L12/28Data switching networks characterised by path configuration, e.g. LAN [Local Area Networks] or WAN [Wide Area Networks]
    • H04L12/2803Home automation networks
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L67/00Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
    • H04L67/01Protocols
    • H04L67/12Protocols specially adapted for proprietary or special-purpose networking environments, e.g. medical networks, sensor networks, networks in vehicles or remote metering networks
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L67/00Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
    • H04L67/50Network services
    • H04L67/56Provisioning of proxy services
    • H04L67/562Brokering proxy services

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a smart city architecture, and more particularly to a smart city architecture composed of an Internet of Things system.
  • One of the objectives of the present invention is to provide a smart city architecture in view of the above-mentioned deficiencies, in order to solve the problem that the smart city architecture in the prior art does not have a complete architecture, and at the same time, solve the functions, information, and physics in the prior art.
  • the problem of unclear relationship The present invention focuses on how the functions of the smart city system should be realized, and how the smart city implements these functions through the clear relationship of functions, information, and physics to elaborate and explain.
  • the present invention is implemented as follows:
  • the smart city architecture consists of at least one smart city sub-system
  • the smart city architecture includes a functional system, a physical system, and an information system
  • the functional system is the manifestation of functions, the information system is the implementation of functions, and the physical system is the physical support carrier for functional realization;
  • the functional system is a five-platform structure, namely: an object platform, a sensor network platform, a management platform, a service platform, and a user platform;
  • the physical system is a five-layer structure, respectively: The object layer, the sensing network layer, the management layer, the service layer and the user layer;
  • the information system is a five-domain structure, namely: an object domain, a sensing domain, an administrative domain, a service domain, and a user domain;
  • each platform in the functional system has the support of the physical entity in the corresponding physical system and the operation of the information in the information system;
  • the object platform of the functional system corresponds to the object layer in the physical system, corresponding to the object domain in the information system;
  • the sensor network platform of the functional system corresponds to the sensor network layer in the physical system, corresponding to the sensing domain in the information system;
  • the management platform corresponds to the management layer in the physical system and corresponds to the management domain in the information system;
  • the service platform of the functional system corresponds to the service layer in the physical system, and the service domain in the corresponding information system;
  • the user platform of the functional system corresponds to the user in the physical system Layer, corresponding to the user domain in the information system.
  • the function of the object platform is to implement sensing and control, and the sensing device senses the sensing information and implements the sensing function.
  • the user is transmitted to the user through the sensor network platform, the management platform and the service platform.
  • the control device is transmitted to the control platform of the target platform via the service platform, the management platform and the sensor network platform, and the control device performs control to form a closed-loop information structure.
  • the closed-loop information structure ensures the effectiveness of perception and control in the smart city architecture.
  • the function of the sensor network platform in the present invention is to realize mutual communication between the object platform and the management platform, and the communication module of the sensing device transmits the sensing information obtained by the sensing device to the intelligent gateway of the Internet of Things, and the intelligent gateway of the Internet of Things passes through the public network. Transmitting the sensing information to the carrier communication server, thereby completing the communication of the sensing information in the sensing network platform; the carrier communication server sends the control information to the IoT intelligent gateway through the public network, and the IoT intelligent gateway sends the control information to the control.
  • the communication module of the device completes the communication of the control information in the sensor network platform. In the process of information transmission, it is necessary to ensure the security of information.
  • Security refers to the security of all aspects of information operation, including the security of the information itself, the security of the information operation process, and the security of the information exchange node.
  • the management platform in the invention processes, stores, classifies, and identifies information in the smart city architecture, realizes management functions, and provides support for the service system, and is an integrated management platform of the entire smart city architecture;
  • the management platform corresponds to the management domain in the information structure, including the sensory information management system and the control information management system.
  • the operator management server and various facilities connected to the server are the sensory information management system and control in the information structure.
  • the carrier of the information management system is the
  • the service platform in the present invention is a platform for providing services to users and realizing service functions, including an operator service platform, a government public service platform, and a social public network service platform;
  • Its services include operator services and public services; operator services are mainly provided by the operator service platform, and public services are mainly provided by the government public service platform and the social public network service platform.
  • the smart city service platform corresponds to the service domain in the information structure, and corresponds to three parts of the physical structure.
  • One is the operator service platform server, the other is the government server, and the third is the social public network server.
  • the function of the user platform in the present invention is to realize a platform for the user to enjoy the smart city architecture service, and the user utilizes various user terminals to realize the output of the demand and enjoy the service of the entire smart city architecture through human-computer interaction.
  • the user platform is a direct user-oriented platform in the smart city architecture. The user sends control information through the user platform, runs through the information in the smart city architecture, and finally controls the information transmission to the object platform to control the object and meet the user's needs. .
  • the smart city architecture mainly forms the complete physical architecture of the smart city through the architecture of each physical layer and the interconnection relationship between them, thus supporting the complete operation of the smart city information and finally realizing the function of the smart city.
  • the object layer is the layer where all the object information carrying entities in the smart city are located, which is the basis of the smart city physical system, and refers to the sensing unit of the sensing device and the control unit of the control device, having the sensing function and the control function; the sensing device and the control The device may be the same device that performs sensing and control together, or may be two different devices that respectively perform sensing and control.
  • the sensing network layer includes a communication module of the sensing device and a communication module of the control device, an IoT intelligent gateway, a public network, and a communication server of the operator, through a communication module of the sensing device and a communication module of the control device, an IoT intelligent gateway,
  • the public network and the sensor network composed of the carrier communication server implement mutual communication with the operator management server.
  • the core of management is the server, including the carrier management server and other related facilities.
  • the service layer includes an operator service platform server, a government server, and a social public network server.
  • the user layer is a facility that provides physical support for the functions of the user platform, and mainly includes various terminals. Facilities such as mobile communication terminals, dedicated terminals, Internet terminals or wireless LAN terminals. Users can mainly receive and send information through these terminal facilities.
  • Another important component of the smart city architecture of the present invention is the information system.
  • the function of the information system is to realize the operation of information in the smart city architecture; without the operation of information, then any function of the smart city architecture cannot be realized.
  • the information in the object domain includes the sensing information and the control information.
  • the sensing information is derived from the information source, and the control information is the control information that is sent after passing through the smart city architecture.
  • the sensing domain in the information system is a collection of various communication information in a smart city, including sensing communication information and controlling communication information.
  • the sensing communication information is information for communicating the sensing information uploaded by the target domain, and controlling the communication information is to be intelligent. After the urban architecture, the information transmitted by the control information is communicated.
  • the management domain in the information system is a collection of various management information in the smart city, including the perceptual management information and the control management information; the perceptual management information is provided by the perceptual information management system, and the control management information is provided by the control information management system.
  • the management domain is the information guarantee for the orderly operation of smart cities.
  • the service domain in the information system is a collection of various service information in the smart city, including the perceived service information and the control service information; the perceived service information is provided by the public perception service system, the government perception service system, and the operator perception service system, and controls the service information. Provided by the operator control service system.
  • the user domain in the information system includes various related user information.
  • smart cities are a very complex system, including many different levels of smart city sub-systems.
  • On the basis of explaining the structure of the smart city system in order to facilitate the realization of the function of the smart city and to facilitate understanding, it is also necessary to explain the sub-system of the smart city.
  • the smart city sub-system can be divided into different levels.
  • the upper-level smart city sub-system consists of at least one sub-level smart city sub-system and/or at least one Internet of Things system.
  • the lower-level smart city sub-system Is composed of at least one Internet of Things system. In other words, the smart city sub-system is ultimately composed of the Internet of Things system.
  • the smart city sub-system and the Internet of Things system also include a functional system, a physical system, and an information system;
  • the functional system is the manifestation of the smart city sub-system or the Internet of Things function.
  • the information system is the realization mode of the smart city sub-system or the Internet of Things function.
  • the physical system is the physical support carrier for the realization of the smart city sub-system or the Internet of Things function;
  • the functional system is a five-platform structure: an object platform, a sensor network platform, a management platform, a service platform, and a user platform;
  • the physical system is a five-layer structure: an object layer, a sensor network layer, and a management layer.
  • the information system is a five-domain structure, namely: an object domain, a sensing domain, an administrative domain, a service domain, and a user domain;
  • each platform in the functional system has the support of the physical entity in the corresponding physical system and the operation of the information in the information system;
  • the object platform of the functional system corresponds to the object layer in the physical system, corresponding to the object domain in the information system;
  • the sensor network platform of the functional system corresponds to the sensor network layer in the physical system, corresponding to the sensing domain in the information system;
  • the management platform corresponds to the management layer in the physical system and corresponds to the management domain in the information system;
  • the service platform of the functional system corresponds to the service layer in the physical system, and the service domain in the corresponding information system;
  • the user platform of the functional system corresponds to the user in the physical system Layer, corresponding to the user domain in the information system.
  • the smart city architecture is open, and the object platform, sensor network platform, management platform, service platform and user platform in the functional system include multiple object sub-platforms, sensor network sub-platforms, and management. Sub-platform, service sub-platform and user sub-platform.
  • the plurality of object sub-platforms together form a smart city object platform, and jointly exhibit the comprehensive sensing and control functions of the smart city;
  • the object sub-platform is divided into different levels of object sub-platforms, and the upper-level object sub-platform is composed of at least one The next-level object sub-platform and/or at least one object platform of a single IoT system, and the lowest-level object sub-platform is composed of at least one object platform of a single IoT system;
  • the plurality of sensing network sub-platforms jointly form a smart city sensing network platform, and realize communication of sensing information and control information between the object platform and the management platform in the smart city architecture;
  • the sensor network sub-platform is divided into different levels of sensor network sub-platforms, and the upper-level sensor network sub-platform is sensored by at least one sub-level sensor network sub-platform and/or at least one single IoT system.
  • the network platform is composed, and the sensor network sub-platform of the lowest level is composed of at least one sensing network platform of a single Internet of Things system;
  • the plurality of management sub-platforms jointly form a smart city management platform to realize integrated urban management in a smart city architecture; the management sub-platform is divided into different levels of management sub-platforms, and the upper-level management sub-platforms are at least one next Level management sub-platform and / or at least one single IoT system management platform, the lowest level management sub-platform consists of at least one single IoT system management platform;
  • the plurality of service sub-platforms jointly form a smart city service platform to implement a smart city service function;
  • the service sub-platform is divided into different levels of service sub-platforms, and the upper-level service sub-platform consists of at least one lower-level service sub-platform a platform and/or a service platform of at least one single Internet of Things system, and the lowest level service sub-platform is composed of at least one service platform of a single Internet of Things system;
  • the plurality of user sub-platforms jointly form a smart city user platform, and realize a function that the smart city provides services for the users; the user sub-platform is divided into different levels of user sub-platforms, and the upper-level user sub-platforms are at least one next.
  • the user-level platform of the level and/or the user platform of at least one single Internet of Things system, the user platform of the lowest level is composed of at least one user platform of a single Internet of Things system.
  • the intelligent city function system is at the bottom of the object platform is the starting point of the functional architecture, supporting the entire functional architecture; the sensor network platform is the bridge connecting the object platform and the management platform in the functional architecture; The platform is the center of the whole functional system, which determines the realization of the function of the smart city.
  • the management platform is the service platform.
  • the service platform realizes the information sharing among the sub-systems of the smart city while ensuring the privacy of the smart city sub-system.
  • the user platform provides protection for human-computer interaction for users of smart cities.
  • the normal operation of the smart city function system is completed under the organic combination and close cooperation of the five platforms of the target platform, the sensor network platform, the management platform, the service platform and the user platform.
  • the smart city architecture is a complex social architecture.
  • the most basic component is the Internet of Things architecture.
  • the Internet of Things architecture is the most basic component of a smart city.
  • the realization of the function of the smart city is finally achieved through the combination of the most basic IoT architecture and the organic combination.
  • the smart city architecture is divided in detail, and the smart city architecture is realized from the three dimensions of the functional system, the physical system and the information system, and the smart city should be realized. What features, and how to implement them, are accurately described. Through the setting of these technical features, it is possible to construct a smart city architecture with clear system, clear functions, hardware matching, and clear information flow, which provides a basic model guarantee for the final realization of smart cities, and has a wide range of applications.
  • the smart city architecture of the present invention can realize the validity, security, privacy, and openness of information.
  • a complete closed loop is formed through information operation, which ensures the complete operation of the sensing information and control information, and reflects the effectiveness of the operation of the sensing information and control information.
  • Security refers to all links in the information operation process. Security, including the security of the information itself, the security of the information operation process, and the security of the information exchange node; in the entire smart city architecture, whether it is the source of the perceived information in the object platform or the issuance of control information in the user platform, the information itself, And the operation of information between different platforms can ensure the security of information.
  • the privacy of information refers to the establishment of private channels on the service platform to achieve private communication between operators and users to ensure the privacy of information; in addition, in the smart city architecture, the smart city subsystem or Internet of Things system and Information exchange and sharing between the government public service platform and the social public network service platform, the information is open.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a smart city architecture
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a functional architecture of a smart city
  • FIG. 8 Schematic diagram of the physical city physical architecture
  • Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the physical entity of the smart city
  • Figure 10 Schematic diagram of the smart city information system structure.
  • a smart city architecture consists of at least one smart city sub-system group to make
  • the smart city architecture includes a functional system, a physical system, and an information system
  • the functional system is the manifestation of functions, the information system is the implementation of functions, and the physical system is the physical support carrier for functional realization;
  • the functional system is a five-platform structure, namely: an object platform, a sensor network platform, a management platform, a service platform, and a user platform;
  • the physical system is a five-layer structure, namely: an object layer and a sensor network layer. , management layer, service layer and user layer;
  • the information system is a five-domain structure, namely: an object domain, a sensing domain, an administrative domain, a service domain, and a user domain;
  • each platform function in the functional system has the support of the physical entity in the corresponding physical system and the operation of the information in the corresponding information system;
  • the object platform of the functional system corresponds to the object layer in the physical system, corresponding to the object domain in the information system;
  • the sensor network platform of the functional system corresponds to the sensor network layer in the physical system, corresponding to the sensing domain in the information system;
  • the management platform corresponds to the management layer in the physical system and corresponds to the management domain in the information system;
  • the service platform of the functional system corresponds to the service layer in the physical system, and the service domain in the corresponding information system;
  • the user platform of the functional system corresponds to the user in the physical system Layer, corresponding to the user domain in the information system.
  • the function of the object platform is to implement sensing and control, and the sensing unit of the sensing device senses the sensing information and implements the sensing function, and transmits the user to the user through the sensing network platform, the management platform and the service platform through the operation of the smart city architecture.
  • the control device is transmitted to the control platform of the target platform via the service platform, the management platform, and the sensor network platform, and the control unit of the control device performs control to form a closed-loop information structure.
  • the function of the smart city sensor network platform is to realize mutual communication between the object platform and the management platform, and the communication module of the sensing device sends the sensing information obtained by the sensing device to the intelligent gateway of the Internet of Things, and the intelligent gateway of the Internet of Things passes through the public.
  • the network transmits the sensing information to the carrier communication server, thereby completing the communication of the sensing information in the sensing network platform; the carrier communication server sends the control information to the IoT intelligent gateway through the public network, and the IoT intelligent gateway sends the control information to the
  • the communication module of the control device completes the communication of the control information in the sensor network platform.
  • the management platform processes, stores, classifies, and identifies information in the smart city architecture, implements management functions, and provides support for the service system, and is an integrated management platform for the entire smart city architecture;
  • the management platform corresponds to the management domain in the information structure, including the sensory information management system and the control information management system.
  • the operator management server and various facilities connected to the server are the sensory information management system and control in the information structure.
  • the carrier of the information management system is the
  • the service platform is a platform for providing services to users and realizing service functions, including a government public service platform, a social public network service platform, and an operator service platform;
  • Its services include public services and carrier services
  • the smart city service platform corresponds to the service domain in the information structure, and corresponds to three parts of the physical structure.
  • One is the operator service platform server, the other is the government server, and the third is the social public network server.
  • the function of the user platform is to realize the platform for the user to enjoy the service of the Internet of Things system.
  • the user utilizes various user terminals to realize the output of the demand and enjoy the service of the entire Internet of Things system through human-computer interaction.
  • the physical system includes an object layer, a sensor network layer, a management layer, a service layer, and a user layer.
  • an object layer a sensor network layer
  • a management layer a management layer
  • a service layer a service layer
  • a user layer a user layer
  • the smart city physical entity is shown in Figure 9. According to the smart city physical architecture, it is introduced as follows:
  • the smart city is composed of various user-centered sub-systems of smart cities.
  • Each service sub-system is a complete five-domain structure of the Internet of Things.
  • the various service sub-systems are arranged around the users around the users, depending on the information.
  • the information is divided into five layers from the inside to the outside, so that the smart city city information system is a user-centered five-domain ring structure.
  • the physical system is the carrier of information system information operation, so the structure of the physical system corresponds to the information system.
  • the object layer is a layer where all object information bearing entities in the smart city are located, and refers to a sensing unit of the sensing device and a control unit of the control device, which have a sensing function and a control function; the sensing device and the control device may jointly perform sensing and The same device that is controlled may also be two different devices that respectively perform sensing and control.
  • the sensing network layer includes a communication module of the sensing device and a communication module of the control device, an IoT intelligent gateway, a public network, and a communication server of the operator, through the communication module of the sensing device and the communication module of the control device, and the Internet of Things intelligent
  • a sensor network composed of a gateway, a public network, and an operator communication server implements mutual communication with the operator management server;
  • the core of the management layer is a server, including an operator management server and other related facilities;
  • the service layer includes a government server, a social public network server, and an operator service platform server;
  • the user layer is a facility that provides physical support for the functions of the user platform, and mainly includes various terminal facilities such as a mobile communication terminal, a dedicated terminal, an internet terminal, or a wireless local area network terminal.
  • the function of the information system is to implement the operation of information in the smart city architecture
  • the smart city is composed of various user-centered sub-systems of smart cities.
  • Each service sub-system is a complete five-domain structure of the Internet of Things.
  • the various service sub-systems are arranged around the users around the users, depending on the information.
  • the information is divided into five layers from the inside to the outside, so that the smart city city information system is a user-centered five-domain ring structure.
  • the information in the object domain includes the sensing information and the control information, and the sensing information is derived from the information source, and the control information is the control information sent after passing through the smart city architecture;
  • the sensing domain is a collection of various communication information in a smart city, including sensing communication information and controlling communication information.
  • the sensing communication information is information for communicating the sensing information uploaded by the target domain, and controlling the communication information is a smart city system. After the structure, the information transmitted by the control information is communicated;
  • the management domain is a collection of various management information in a smart city, including perceptual management information and control management information; the perceptual management information is provided by the perceptual information management system, and the control management information is provided by the control information management system; the management domain is a smart city. Information security for sequential operations;
  • the service domain is a collection of various service information in a smart city, including sensory service information and control service information; the sensory service information is provided by a public awareness service system, a government aware service system, and an operator perception service system, and the control service information is operated by Provided by the business control service system;
  • the user domain includes various related user information.
  • the smart city sub-system can be divided into different levels of smart city sub-systems, and the upper-level smart city sub-system consists of at least one sub-level smart city sub-system and/or at least one Internet of Things system, the bottom
  • the level of smart city sub-system is composed of at least one Internet of Things system.
  • the smart city architecture is the smallest unit of the Internet of Things.
  • the functional system of the system the physical system of the Internet of Things system
  • the information system of the networking system This also reflects the basic position and role of the Internet of Things system in the smart city architecture.
  • the Internet of Things system also includes a functional system, a physical system, and an information system;
  • the functional system is the manifestation of the Internet of Things function
  • the information system is the implementation of the Internet of Things function
  • the physical system is the physical support carrier for the realization of the Internet of Things function
  • the functional system is a five-platform structure, namely: an object platform, a sensor network platform, a management platform, a service platform, and a user platform;
  • the physical system is a five-layer structure, namely: an object layer and a sensor network layer. , management layer, service layer and user layer;
  • the information system is a five-domain structure, namely: an object domain, a sensing domain, an administrative domain, a service domain, and a user domain;
  • each platform in the functional system has the support of the physical entity in the corresponding physical system and the operation of the information in the information system;
  • the object platform of the functional system corresponds to the object layer in the physical system, corresponding to the object domain in the information system;
  • the sensor network platform of the functional system corresponds to the sensor network layer in the physical system, corresponding to the sensing domain in the information system;
  • the management platform corresponds to the management layer in the physical system and corresponds to the management domain in the information system;
  • the service platform of the functional system corresponds to the service layer in the physical system, and the service domain in the corresponding information system;
  • the user platform of the functional system corresponds to the user in the physical system Layer, corresponding to the user domain in the information system.
  • the smart city architecture is open, and the object platform, the sensor network platform, the management platform, the service platform, and the user platform in the functional system respectively include multiple object sub-platforms, sensor network sub-platforms, management sub-platforms, and services. Sub-platform, user sub-platform.
  • the plurality of object sub-platforms together form a smart city object platform, and jointly exhibit the comprehensive sensing and control functions of the smart city;
  • the object sub-platform is divided into different levels of object sub-platforms, and the upper-level object sub-platform is composed of at least one The next-level object sub-platform and/or at least one object platform of a single IoT system, and the lowest-level object sub-platform is composed of at least one object platform of a single IoT system;
  • the plurality of sensing network sub-platforms jointly form a smart city sensing network platform, and realize communication of sensing information and control information between the object platform and the management platform in the smart city architecture;
  • the sensor network sub-platform is divided into different levels of sensor network sub-platforms, and the upper-level sensor network sub-platform is sensored by at least one sub-level sensor network sub-platform and/or at least one single IoT system.
  • the network platform is composed, and the sensor network sub-platform of the lowest level is composed of at least one sensing network platform of a single Internet of Things system;
  • the plurality of management sub-platforms jointly form a smart city management platform to realize integrated urban management in a smart city architecture; the management sub-platform is divided into different levels of management sub-platforms, and the upper-level management sub-platforms are at least one next Level management sub-platform and / or at least one single IoT system management platform, the lowest level management sub-platform consists of at least one single IoT system management platform;
  • the plurality of service sub-platforms jointly form a smart city service platform to implement a smart city service function;
  • the service sub-platform is divided into different levels of service sub-platforms, and the upper-level service sub-platform consists of at least one lower-level service sub-platform a platform and/or a service platform of at least one single Internet of Things system, and the lowest level service sub-platform is composed of at least one service platform of a single Internet of Things system;
  • the plurality of user sub-platforms jointly form a smart city user platform, and realize a function that the smart city provides services for the users; the user sub-platform is divided into different levels of user sub-platforms, and the upper-level user sub-platforms are at least one next.
  • the user-level platform of the level and/or the user platform of at least one single Internet of Things system, the user platform of the lowest level is composed of at least one user platform of a single Internet of Things system.
  • the Internet of Things system is the most basic unit of the smart city architecture. There is also an organic integration between the Internet of Things systems.
  • a minimum level of smart city sub-systems is formed between multiple IoT systems.
  • the smart city sub-systems of the smallest level form a higher level of smart city subsystems, and so on, ultimately forming the entire smart city system. structure.
  • the intelligent city function system is at the bottom of the object platform is the starting point of the functional architecture, supporting the entire functional architecture; the sensor network platform is the bridge connecting the object platform and the management platform in the functional architecture; The platform is the center of the whole functional system, which determines the realization of the function of the smart city.
  • the management platform is the service platform.
  • the service platform realizes the information sharing among the sub-systems of the smart city while ensuring the privacy of the smart city sub-system.
  • the user platform provides protection for human-computer interaction for users of smart cities.
  • the normal operation of the smart city function system is in the object platform, sensing
  • the five platforms of the network platform, management platform, service platform and user platform are organically combined and closely cooperated.
  • the functional system of the smart city reveals the whole process of the realization of the smart city function from the overall perspective, and the realization of the smart city function needs the infrastructure in the smart city to support it.
  • the perception and control functions of the object platform need to have the sensing and control functions.
  • the intelligent sensing device can be realized, the communication function of the sensing network platform needs to be realized by the communication server, and the management function of the management platform needs to be realized by the management server and the like, and the user platform needs to perform functions such as human-computer interaction.
  • a kind of APP, software, etc. with application functions can be realized. All of these infrastructures used to implement smart city intelligence functions are collectively referred to as physical entities.
  • the realization of different platform functions in the smart city function system requires the support of different types of physical entities.
  • the functional architecture of the smart city the physical architecture of the smart city is constructed, namely: the object layer and the sensor network layer. , management, service layer and user layer.
  • the physical entity of the object layer is used to implement the sensing and control functions of the object platform. Therefore, the physical entity of the object layer is an object having a sensing and/or controlling function, that is, the object may be an object having only a sensing function, or may be only An object with a control function can also be an object that has both sensing and control functions.
  • the physical entity of the object layer covers all areas of the smart city that realize its intelligent functions. Each domain in the smart city has its own physical entity that realizes the sensing and control functions.
  • the sensor network platform is connected to the target platform.
  • the physical network is connected to the object layer by the sensor network layer, and the sensor network layer contains various information for transmitting information.
  • the communication device through which the communication function of the sensor network platform is realized.
  • the sensing network layer is the first level of information transmission of the object layer, and the sensing network layer communication device can receive, store, and forward large traffic information; on the other hand, since the information received by the communication device needs to be further transmitted to other layers, the communication
  • the device has the function of communication protocol conversion.
  • the upper layer structure of the sensor network platform in the smart city function system is the management platform.
  • the upper layer of the sensor network layer in the physical system is the management layer.
  • the management has various facilities for implementing the business management functions of the management platform. These facilities mainly refer to various management servers, which are composed of various hardware and software systems.
  • the management server is mainly operated and managed by operators in various functional areas of the smart city.
  • the management server of the management is the necessary support for the realization of the function of the smart city function system.
  • the service layer in the physical system corresponds to the service platform of the functional system and is above the management layer.
  • the corresponding service layer needs to implement the physical entities of the two functions.
  • the physical entity of the service layer includes the social public network server, the government server and Carrier service platform server.
  • the user platform is a platform for realizing human-computer interaction in a smart city.
  • the implementation of the function is implemented by the user layer structure in the physical system.
  • the user layer is located above the service layer, and the physical entity corresponding to the user layer supports user access. Interactive devices that use smart city services.
  • the physical entities of the user layer include mobile communication terminals, Internet terminals, private network terminals, and wireless local area network terminals. Because the users of smart cities include individuals who live in smart cities, builders of cities, and managers of cities. Therefore different users may use different physical entities.
  • the smart city function system is a five-platform structure, each platform has a corresponding function, and the five platforms are connected to each other to jointly complete the smart functions of the smart city.
  • the physical system of a smart city is the support of the functional system of a smart city. Without a physical system, the function of a smart city cannot be realized.
  • the five-platform functional system of a smart city the physical system of a smart city is divided into five physical layer structures, the physical layer and The platform of the functional system has a one-to-one correspondence, and each physical layer supports the function realization of the platform corresponding to the functional system. Because the platforms of the functional systems have a mutual connection and interdependence relationship, the physical layers are also not independent of each other.
  • each physical layer has an interface for information flow, and the flow of information in each physical layer creates conditions for the interconnection and mutual dialogue of each physical layer.
  • the smart city it is precisely because of the circulation of information in each physical layer that the physical entities in the functional areas of the smart city are widely connected, and then the in-depth analysis and accurate control of the smart city are realized. It can be said that the operation of information in a smart city makes the physical entity "live”. Only when the information is run, the physical entity has corresponding value and meaning.
  • the physical system of a smart city is a five-tier architecture, from bottom to top: the object layer, the sensor network layer, the management layer, the service layer, and the user layer.
  • the information system of the smart city is a five-domain structure, from bottom to top: object domain, sensing domain, management domain, service domain and user domain.
  • the five-domain structure of the smart city information system has a one-to-one correspondence with the five-layer structure of the physical system.
  • the object domain corresponds to the object layer
  • the sensing domain corresponds to the sensing network layer
  • the management domain corresponds to the management layer
  • the service domain corresponds to the service layer
  • the user domain corresponds to the user layer.
  • Smart cities need to realize both comprehensive perception and precise control.
  • Perceptual information is various information perceived by the sensing system of the target layer, such as: home appliances equipped with sensing devices in the home field, information such as perceived brightness, current, indoor temperature, humidity, etc.; intelligent gas meters, water meters, etc. in the energy field Perceived traffic, pressure, magnetic environment, earthquakes, etc.; information about the geographical location of the vehicle where GPRS is installed...
  • Control information is the user layer in order to perform Control information issued by the corresponding control, such as: in the home field, control of home appliances switch, control of air conditioning heat and cold, control of refrigerator temperature, control of curtain opening and closing, etc.; control of natural gas meters, water meter on/off valves, control of natural gas meters in the energy field
  • the water meter sends out alarm prompts and other control information
  • the object domain and the user domain are the two poles of the smart city information architecture, wherein the object domain is the starting point of the sentiment information, and is the end point of the control information receiving; the user domain is the end point of the sensing information receiving, Is the starting point for the control information to be sent.
  • the operation of the perceptual information begins in the object domain, which in turn passes through the sensing domain, the management domain and the service domain, and finally reaches the user domain; the operation of the control information starts in the user domain and passes through the service in turn.
  • the domain, the administrative domain, and the sensing domain ultimately arrive at the object domain. Therefore, in the information system, the operation of information forms a closed loop. In this closed loop, from bottom to top is the operation of sensing information, and from top to bottom is the operation of control information.
  • the functional system is the center of the construction of smart city architecture.
  • the construction of smart city architecture must take the construction of functional system as the starting point and the foothold.
  • the realization of the function of the smart city must rely on the support of the physical entity. Without the construction of the physical entity, the functional system construction of the smart city is just empty talk. Therefore, the physical system is the basis for the construction of the functional system of the smart city. In the physical system, it is necessary to have the function of transferring information between physical entities. No information flows between physical entities. No matter how rich and perfect physical entities are in the physical system, the functions of smart cities cannot be realized.
  • the information system is also An indispensable part of the construction of a smart city architecture. Therefore, the smart city architecture includes: functional systems, physical systems, and information systems.
  • the functional system, physical system and information system in the smart city architecture are indispensable.
  • the functional system is its center, which points the direction for the top-level design of the smart city. Therefore, the functional system is located at the center of the smart city architecture, and the physics
  • the physical entities in the system provide support for the realization of smart city functions.
  • the operation of information in the information system provides a way for the realization of smart city functions. Therefore, the physical system and information system are closely around the functional system and are located on both sides of the functional system. .
  • the functional system of a smart city is a five-platform structure: object platform, sensor network platform, management platform, service platform and user platform;
  • the physical system of the smart city is a five-layer structure, namely: object layer, sensor network layer , management layer, service layer and user layer;
  • the information system of smart city is a five-domain structure: object domain, sensing domain, management domain, service domain and user domain. Since each platform of the five platforms in the functional system has its own platform function, the implementation of each platform function should have the support of the corresponding physical entity and the operation of the information in the corresponding information domain. Therefore, in the architecture diagram of a smart city, the object platform of the functional system corresponds to the object layer in the physical system.
  • the sensor network platform of the functional system corresponds to the sensor network layer in the physical system, corresponding to the sensing domain in the information system;
  • the management platform of the functional system corresponds to the management layer in the physical system, and the corresponding information system
  • the management domain of the functional system corresponds to the service layer in the physical system and corresponds to the service domain in the information system;
  • the user platform of the functional system corresponds to the user layer in the physical system and corresponds to the user domain in the information system.
  • the functional architecture of a smart city is accomplished by a combination of multiple IoT functional architectures. Since the smart city is a large and complex system, it is impossible to complete all the functions of the smart city by relying on only one Internet system. Therefore, the individual Internet of Things functional architecture forms the basis of the smart city functional architecture. Among them, when the IoT functional architecture forms a smart city functional architecture, some IoT functional architectures are juxtaposed, such as the Internet of Things 1 and the Internet of Things a in Figure 2, and some IoT functional architectures themselves. It is the organic combination of relationships, such as the Internet of Things 2 and 3. This also reflects the complexity of the functional architecture of smart cities. However, from the overall consideration, the smart city functional architecture is also divided into five major platforms: object platform, sensor network platform, management platform, service platform and user platform, which are reasonable and scientific.
  • the smart city object platform is the interface between everything in the smart city and the Internet of Things system.
  • the function of the object platform is to realize the sensing and control.
  • the sensing unit of the sensing device senses the sensing information and implements the sensing function.
  • the sensor network platform, the management platform and the service platform are transmitted to the user, and the user will perceive After the information is converted into control information, it is transmitted to the control device via the service platform, the management platform and the sensor network platform, and the control unit of the control device performs control to form a closed-loop information structure.
  • Everything with perceptual and control functions can be used as objects.
  • Objects can be people, can be objects, or can be a combination of people and objects.
  • Objects can be an individual or a collection of individuals. A type of individual can be an Internet of Things consisting of several individuals.
  • the sensing function of the object platform is implemented by the sensing unit of the sensing device, and the control function is implemented by the control unit of the control device.
  • the sensing device and the control device can automatically implement self-control, and can also implement control according to the received control information.
  • the sensing function and the control function are realized by the sensing unit and the control unit;
  • the sensing function and the control function are realized by the sensing organ and the control nerve of the human body;
  • the perception and control functions are realized through communication between people.
  • the main function of the object platform is to implement the sensing and control functions.
  • the sensing and control functions are implemented by the respective sensing devices and control devices.
  • the sensing unit of the sensing device senses the sensing information, and the communication module transmits the information to the sensing network platform.
  • the communication module of the control device receives the control information, and the control unit of the control device performs the control.
  • the perception function of the object platform is the premise of the existence of the Internet of Things. Without the perception information, the Internet of Things cannot be talked about and it is impossible to operate.
  • the sensing function of the Internet of Things is to implement the sensing function through various sensing technologies. Different types of sensing information require different sensing devices or sensing technologies. According to the difference in the type of sensing information, the sensing function includes the perception of IP audio and video information. And the perception of non-IP audio and video information, wherein the perception of IP audio and video information mainly refers to information perceived by the camera, and most of the perceived information is non-IP audio and video information.
  • the object platform is the entry point for the Internet of Things system to obtain external information.
  • the sensing function of the object platform is an important means for the target platform to acquire the perceived information. Therefore, the level of the perceived technology determines the comprehensiveness of the perceived information of the target platform, and further determines the richness of the content of the Internet of Things system.
  • the control function of the object platform is the execution of the control information obtained after the perceptual information is run through the entire IoT system.
  • control functions of the object platform are implemented by the control device.
  • the control device can automatically implement self-control or control based on the received control information.
  • the control function is implemented by the control unit therein.
  • Intelligent control refers to the function of automatically implementing some kind of control or self-control without external interference.
  • the control function is realized by the control nerve of the human body; when the object is a combination of people and things or a group of people When the control function is achieved through communication between people.
  • intelligent control technology can be seen everywhere, such as smart home control systems, including ambient lighting systems, home theater audio and video systems, security monitoring systems, public address / background music systems, air conditioning systems, electric curtains and other home control systems. Intelligent centralized control.
  • the function of the sensor network platform is communication.
  • the smart city sensor network platform mainly realizes the mutual communication between the object platform and the management platform. Communication refers to the efficient delivery of messages from one place to another.
  • the main methods of telephone, network and other electrical communication In smart cities, the main methods of telephone, network and other electrical communication.
  • a communication method that uses "electrical signals" to carry messages is called electrical communication.
  • This kind of communication transmits useful information without distortion and high efficiency, and also suppresses useless information and harmful information during transmission, and also has functions such as storage, processing, acquisition and display, which is fast and accurate. Reliable, and almost independent of time, place, space, distance and other characteristics, it has been rapidly developed and widely used.
  • the communication of smart cities is mainly based on electrical communication, using electrical signals to carry information, and transmitting electrical signals through communication networks to achieve information transmission.
  • a communication network is a system that uses a switching device, a transmission device, and interconnects geographically dispersed user terminal devices by various communication means and a certain connection method to realize communication and information exchange.
  • the sensor network platform of the smart city corresponds to the sensing domain in the information structure.
  • the physical entity includes four parts: the communication module of the sensing device and the communication module of the control device, the intelligent gateway of the Internet of Things, the public network and the communication server of the operator.
  • the IoT intelligent gateway is different from the current ordinary gateway, but an IoT intelligent gateway with intelligent management functions.
  • the public network mainly refers to the mobile public network, the Internet, and the like.
  • the sensor network platform realizes the interaction of various sensing information and control information between the object platform and the management platform in the smart city Internet of Things system.
  • the sensor network platform of the smart city IoT system is a combination of sensor network platforms for all industry IoT systems.
  • the sensing network platform and the object platform are connected through the sensing device and the control device, and are connected to the management platform through the communication server of the management platform.
  • the communication module of the sensing device sends the sensing information to the intelligent gateway of the Internet of Things, and the intelligent gateway of the Internet of Things transmits the sensing information to the carrier communication server through the public network.
  • the operator management platform processes the sensing information, it transmits the information to the user through the service platform.
  • the user sends control information, and the control information is transmitted to the carrier communication server through the service platform.
  • the management platform processes the control information and operates through the operation.
  • the communication server uses the public network to transmit to the IoT intelligent gateway.
  • the IoT intelligent gateway aggregates the information, distributes the communication module transmitted to the control device, and controls the object through the control device.
  • the perceptual information uploaded by the object platform includes many different types, such as audio information, video information, geographic information, data information, control information, and other information, and different information has different transmissions.
  • the interface is transmitted to the IoT intelligent gateway through the respective interfaces.
  • the gateway stores data for the sensing data through the acquisition adapter and the data transmission function, and performs protocol conversion, routing, application registration, etc., to implement device configuration. Some management functions such as identification, state management, application management, performance management and security.
  • the gateway processes the information and transmits the information through the Internet, mobile communication network, satellite communication network, PSTN, IP network and other networks.
  • the smart city management platform processes, stores, classifies, and identifies information in the smart city architecture, implements management functions, and provides support services for the service system. It is an integrated management platform for the entire smart city architecture.
  • the smart city management platform corresponds to the management domain in the information structure, including the sensory information management system and the control information management system, and corresponds to the operator management server and various facilities connected to the server in the physical structure, and is a sensory information management system in the information structure.
  • the carrier of the control information management system may be a server of a plurality of operators providing the same service, a server of a plurality of operators providing different services, or a server of a specific carrier providing a specific service.
  • the management platform of a smart city refers not only to the management software platform, but to a management system, which is a combination of tangible and intangible management systems used in smart city operations.
  • the most important role of the platform is to make full use of the utilization of urban resources.
  • Its core task is to comprehensively manage the intelligent city Internet of Things system, including basic management and application management.
  • the basic management refers to the operation and management of the Internet of Things management system.
  • Management of background data related to the system, application management refers to the operator's integrated management system comprehensively accepts the sensing information of the target platform sent by the sensor network platform and the control information sent by the user platform.
  • the management of the management platform is mainly embodied in the integration, classification and processing of various types of information.
  • the designed software program is used to comprehensively process the sensing information and the control information, or to complete the conversion of the sensing information and the control information.
  • the smart city management platform is implemented by the following technical means:
  • the Internet of Things management platform conducts data collection, protocol conversion, data storage processing, data sharing, business process grooming, and various professional system management functions through various sensing control information, public service information, network communication, etc. Provide services to realize the functions of the management platform.
  • the functions of the management platform include basic management functions and application management functions.
  • the basic management functions include: information resource exchange, market resource exchange, regulatory supervision, operation and maintenance, integration of public data, and public data.
  • the gas company management platform is the management platform of the smart gas subsystem, and the gas company management platform realizes the integrated management of the entire smart gas subsystem, which also includes basic management and business management.
  • Basic management refers to the operational data management of the smart gas subsystem, and some related background processing.
  • Business management refers to the integrated management of gas business, including account opening. For example, when the balance of the pre-stored gas volume at the gas meter end is insufficient, the information that the gas meter automatically uploads the insufficient balance of the gas volume, that is, the perceptual information, is transmitted to the management platform through the sensor network platform, and the management platform identifies and analyzes the perceptual information.
  • the information with insufficient air volume is transmitted to the user platform through the service platform.
  • the user After receiving the information with insufficient air volume, the user makes a judgment that needs to be recharged, and transmits the recharge instruction and the recharge amount to the management platform through the service platform, and the management platform is based on the user.
  • the recharge command and the recharge amount are sent to the table end to recharge the pre-purchased air volume at the table end to complete the remote recharge.
  • the gas company management platform not only analyzes, processes, and converts the information that is insufficiently perceived by the watch end into a user-acceptable information format, and transmits it to the user.
  • the user's recharge information also passes through the gas company management platform. It analyzes, processes, and converts to the information format that the table end control module can recognize, and completes the control of the table end.
  • the Smart City Service Platform is a platform that provides services to users and implements service functions.
  • the services include public services and carrier services.
  • Public services are government-led, providing public information resources and data processing services for smart city architecture, such as information resources, market resources, regulatory supervision, public data, etc.
  • Operator services are carrier business services provided by operators.
  • the smart city service platform corresponds to the service domain in the information structure, including the public perception service system, the government perception service system, the operator perception service system, and the operator control service system, and corresponds to three parts in the physical structure.
  • Network server the second is the government server, and the third is the operator service platform server.
  • the carrier service platform server may be a plurality of carrier service platform servers providing the same service, a plurality of operator service platform servers providing different services, or a specific carrier service providing a specific service. Platform server.
  • the service platform accesses, exchanges, and routes various basic services and resources through the service bus, and provides public services to users. It is an integrated way to realize the interconnection of messages, data, events, and services.
  • the service platform is registered and managed by the service, allowing various basic services to be registered or unregistered on the service platform; the service transmission management provides transmission guarantee for the exchange between the platform and the user for messages, data, events and services; The types of data are converted, stored, and processed to provide users with big data services.
  • Service quality management and service security management implement service security certification, authentication, and service QOS monitoring to ensure service quality.
  • the service platform of smart cities is actually big data.
  • new data sources and data collection technologies are constantly appearing, which makes the data types of various industries increase, and various unstructured Data adds to the complexity of big data.
  • the function of the Internet of Things user platform is to realize the platform for users to enjoy the services of the Internet of Things system. Users use various user terminals to realize the output of their own needs and enjoy the services of the entire Internet of Things system through human-computer interaction.
  • the function of the smart city user platform is to realize the service that the user enjoys the smart city architecture.
  • the user platform corresponds to the user domain in the information structure, and corresponds to the user end in the physical structure. Users use a variety of users to achieve their own output through human-computer interaction and enjoy the services of the entire smart city architecture.
  • the user of the user platform can be either a single individual user or a user group, which can be either a person or a thing, either an enterprise user or a government user, as long as it is an object of the smart city system service structure. Is the user.
  • the user refers to all the entities that accept the smart city architecture service, which is an abstract concept; in the physical structure, the user refers to a specific user, which can be a large number of users enjoying the same service, many A user who enjoys different services, a user who enjoys a variety of different services, or a specific user who enjoys a certain service.
  • the service platform provides public services to users through networks (such as INTERNET, 2G/3G/4G, satellite networks, other networks).
  • the types of services include audio, video, public services, and payment.
  • GIS maps, business data, device status, and network topology, etc., users receive service information through web pages, dedicated customer interfaces, APPs, and computers.
  • the user community is very complex and diverse, and the needs of users are also involved in various areas of the industry.
  • the richness of the functionality of the user platform directly determines the level of intelligence that users enjoy the service and determines the full extent of human liberation.
  • functions such as personal account network inquiry, home energy remote control, and smart home system remote control can be realized.
  • Household energy includes household water, household electricity, household gas, and household heating. The most indispensable part of daily life of residents is water and electricity. Therefore, the wisdom of household energy is a real benefit for ordinary people. .
  • the household smart gas system can be used to log in to the smart gas system.
  • the gas company management platform receives the user's recharge information, sends a control command to the user table, accumulates the gas balance, and completes the recharge.
  • Another example is that a user is not at home for a long time, because the gas is not used for a long time, and the safety of the gas meter is automatically closed.
  • the user can obtain the valve information that is perceived by the user through the user platform.
  • the valve continues to use gas, and can be opened by the user system of the user platform.
  • the gas company will respond to the user’s request.
  • the watch end is safely confirmed and opened.
  • Smart home is a branch of a smart city and is closely related to people's daily lives. Smart homes generally apply various intelligent control technologies to various homes to provide smarter, more comfortable and more convenient services.
  • the intelligent control of smart homes does not need to go through the user most of the time, but the smart home directly makes intelligent control based on the perceived information, adjusts its own parameters, and provides the best service mode for people.
  • These intelligent controls are all considered for the benefit of the user, which is to improve user comfort and convenience. It can be said that these controls of the smart home are recognized and agreed by the user, or are authorized by the user in advance, in essence
  • the intelligent control process of smart home is actually the running process of the complete IoT system, including the complete five-domain structure. Therefore, the essence of smart home is the Internet of Things, which is a special sub-system of smart cities, called the smart home sub-system.
  • the smart city function system includes five functional platforms: object platform, sensor network platform, management platform, service platform and user platform.
  • the smart service function of smart city is a huge composite composed of numerous Internet of Things in the city.
  • the Internet of Things system is implemented. Therefore, the functional platform in the smart city functional system is also a composite functional platform composed of these functional platforms in the innumerable large and small Internet of Things. According to different industries, different fields and different activities in human activities. Products can be divided into different levels of sub-platforms.
  • the five functional platforms of smart city can be divided into the first level of intelligent transportation sub-platform, smart medical sub-platform, smart energy sub-platform, smart government sub-platform, smart environmental protection sub-platform, smart home sub-platform , smart education sub-platform, smart community sub-platform, smart city management sub-platform, smart tourism sub-platform, smart logistics sub-platform, etc.
  • sub-platforms include various industries and fields of urban life; in the same industry or field, according to products or Different characteristics can continue to divide the sub-platform and form a second-level smart city sub-platform.
  • the smart energy sub-platform can be divided into smart energy sub-platform, smart gas sub-platform, smart water sub-platform, and smart thermal sub-platform.
  • the second-level smart city sub-platform can continue to be subdivided to form a lower-level smart city sub-platform.
  • the smart gas sub-platform can be subdivided into a smart utility gas sub-platform and a smart home gas sub-platform.
  • the smart city object platform is a platform for implementing sensing and control functions in the smart city composite Internet of Things system. All sensing and control functions are embodied in the object platform.
  • the smart city object platform is composed of many different levels of object sub-platforms. These object sub-platforms belong to different industries and different fields. They exist in mutual and juxtaposed relationship, which together demonstrate the comprehensive perception and control of smart cities. Features.
  • the smart city object platform can be first divided into the first level of intelligent traffic object sub-platform, smart medical object sub-platform, smart energy object sub-platform, smart government object sub-platform, smart environmental protection object sub-platform, etc.
  • Object sub-platforms in different industries or fields are platforms for implementing sensing and control functions in the industry or domain IoT system. According to the intelligent service needs of human beings in different industries or fields, these object sub-platforms will realize different types of perception and control function. For example, in the field of transportation, people are currently faced with a series of traffic status problems such as traffic congestion, backward traffic management methods, frequent traffic accidents, and parking difficulties. Smart transportation construction is aimed at realizing the wisdom of transportation by building a smart transportation Internet of Things system.
  • its target platform is one of the first-level object sub-platforms of the smart city object platform. It mainly implements various traffic information of the whole city, such as people flow information, traffic information, parking lot usage information, etc. Perceive and perform intelligent control of traffic.
  • the realization of functions requires the support of physical entities.
  • the intelligent traffic object sub-platform its sensing function is mainly realized by various sensing devices distributed in the streets, such as camera, ground coil, geomagnetic sensor rod, microwave detector. , GPS locator, RFID equipment, etc., its control function is mainly through the signal lights, electronic display, etc. to achieve traffic guidance.
  • the smart medical object sub-platform it will realize medical-related information perception and corresponding control of patient information, bed information, doctor information, etc.
  • the smart energy object sub-platform it will realize water, electricity, gas, heat and other energy use. The perception of information, energy security information, equipment failure information, etc., and the corresponding control.
  • the object platform of the smart city is multi-level.
  • the object of the first level can be continued according to the specific product or the corresponding characteristics.
  • Divide into platforms to form a second-level object sub-platform The second-level object sub-platform can further divide the third-level object sub-platform, and so on, until the object platform of a single IoT unit is divided into the smallest level.
  • the following is an example of the division of smart transportation, smart medical care, and smart energy objects.
  • the intelligent transportation of the whole city is formed by the intelligent integration of different districts and counties, and the intelligent transportation of different streets. Therefore, in the intelligent transportation complex IoT system of the whole city, the object platform can be used as one of the first-level object sub-platforms of the smart city composite IoT system object platform, integrating the traffic information perception function of the whole city and the whole.
  • the city's traffic control executive function For the intelligent transportation object sub-platform of the first-level city, according to the urban transportation structure, it is formed by the integration of the object platform of the intelligent transportation complex Internet of Things system in different districts and counties of the whole city.
  • the intelligent traffic object platform of the district and county can be seen as the second-level object sub-platform, and each of them completes the traffic information perception and traffic control execution corresponding to the district and county traffic range.
  • the intelligent traffic object sub-platforms of these different districts and counties they integrate the object platform functions of the intelligent transportation complex Internet of Things system in many different streets in their respective districts and counties. Therefore, the object platform of the intelligent transportation complex Internet of Things system of different streets in each district can be regarded as the third-level object sub-platform, and each of them completes the traffic information perception and traffic control execution functions in the corresponding street traffic range.
  • the intelligent traffic complex IoT system in the same street includes many different types of IoT units with different intelligent transportation service functions. Therefore, the third level of different streets
  • the intelligent traffic object sub-platform is composed of these object platforms of many single IoT units, that is, the object platform of these single IoT units is the smallest component of the smart city object platform in the field of intelligent transportation.
  • the intelligent medical complex Internet of Things system of the whole city is composed of the smart medical composite Internet of Things system of all districts and counties.
  • the smart medical composite Internet of Things system of each district and county is composed of the smart medical composite Internet of Things system of different hospitals.
  • the smart medical complex IoT system of the same hospital is composed of many different types of IoT units that realize various intelligent medical service functions. Therefore, the object platform of the whole city smart medical composite Internet of Things system can be used as the first-level object sub-platform of the smart city composite IoT system object platform, which integrates the medical information perception function of the whole city smart medical composite Internet of things system and Medical control execution function.
  • the first-level intelligent medical object sub-platform of the whole city is composed of the target platform of the smart medical composite Internet of Things system in all districts and counties of the city, so the target platform of the smart medical composite Internet of Things system in these districts and counties can
  • the target platform of the smart medical composite Internet of Things system in these districts and counties can
  • the second-level object sub-platform it We mainly realize the perception function of medical information and the execution function of medical control corresponding to districts and counties.
  • the smart medical target sub-platforms of different districts and counties in the second level are composed of the target platforms of the smart medical composite Internet of Things system of different hospitals in the corresponding districts and counties, the smart medical complexes of these different hospitals
  • the object platform of the networking system can be regarded as the third-level object sub-platform, which mainly realizes the sensing function of the medical information corresponding to the hospital and the execution function of the medical control.
  • the Wisdom Medical Composite IoT system in the same hospital also includes many single IoT units that implement different smart medical service functions, and the object platforms of these single IoT units Together, they form the object platform of the hospital-level smart medical composite Internet of Things system, that is, the object platform of these single IoT units is the smallest component of the smart city object platform in the field of smart medical.
  • the smart energy object platform of the whole city is the first-level object sub-platform of the smart city object platform, which integrates the energy information sensing function and energy control execution function of the whole city.
  • this first-level smart energy object sub-platform is composed of the object platform of the composite IoT system of different energy types, including the smart water object sub-platform, the smart power object sub-platform, the smart gas object sub-platform,
  • the intelligent thermal energy object sub-platform, these object sub-platforms can be used as the second-level object sub-platform in the smart city energy field to realize the perception and control functions of the composite IoT system in each corresponding energy field; likewise, the second-level objects of different energy categories
  • the sub-platform can be further divided into the third-level object sub-platforms of different use nature.
  • the smart water object sub-platform can be divided into a smart public water object sub-platform and a smart home water object sub-platform, and the smart power object sub-platform can be divided.
  • the smart gas object sub-platform can be divided into a smart public gas object sub-platform and a smart home gas object sub-platform
  • the smart heat energy object sub-platform can be divided into smart public thermal object sub-platforms.
  • Platform and smart home Force platform target points.
  • these smart energy object sub-platforms of different natures can be divided into many object platforms of a single IoT unit formed by a single energy terminal and users.
  • the smart home water object sub-platform can be divided into The object platform of many single IoT units formed between different water meters and users
  • the smart home power object sub-platform can be divided into object platforms of many single IoT units formed by different electric meters and users.
  • the smart home gas object sub-platform can be divided into a number of single IoT units formed by different gas meters and users.
  • the object platform, the smart home thermal object sub-platform can be divided into object platforms of many single IoT units formed by different heat energy meters and users, and the object platforms of all the above single IoT units are smart cities. The smallest component of the object platform in the field of smart energy.
  • the smart city sensor network platform is a platform for realizing the information communication between the object platform and the management platform in the smart city composite Internet of Things system.
  • the smart city sensor network platform is composed of many different levels of sensor network sub-platforms. These sensor network sub-platforms belong to different industries and different fields. They exist in each other and are juxtaposed with each other to show wisdom. The city's information transmission function.
  • the sensor network platform of smart city is multi-level. According to different industries and fields, the smart city sensor network platform can be first divided into sensor networks sub-platforms of different industries or fields at the first level, such as smart traffic sensor network. Sub-platform, smart medical sensor network sub-platform, smart energy sensor network sub-platform, smart government sensor network sub-platform, smart environmental sensing network sub-platform, etc., sensor network sub-platforms of different industries or fields are corresponding industries Or a platform for realizing the information communication and control information communication between the object platform and the management platform in the domain Internet of Things system, which will perform different types of sensing information and control information communication according to the characteristics of their own industry or domain.
  • the first-level sensor network sub-platform can be further divided according to the product or corresponding characteristics.
  • the second-level sensor network sub-platform, and the second-level sensor network sub-platform can further divide the third-level sensor network sub-platform, and so on, until the sensing of a single IoT unit of the smallest level network platform.
  • the sensor network platform of the intelligent transportation complex Internet of Things system of the whole city serves as the first-level sub-platform of the smart city sensor network platform. Like the target platform, it can follow the wisdom traffic and different streets of different districts and counties.
  • the intelligent traffic is divided step by step, that is, the intelligent traffic sensor network sub-platform of the first-level whole city can be divided into the intelligent traffic sensor network sub-platforms of the second-level different districts and counties; the second-level different districts and counties Smart traffic sensor network platform can be In order to further divide into the third-level intelligent traffic sensor network sub-platform; in the end, the smart traffic sensor network sub-platforms of different streets can be divided into many single Internet of Things to realize various intelligent transportation services.
  • the sensor's sensor network platform In the field of smart transportation, the sensor network platform of the intelligent transportation complex Internet of Things system of the whole city serves as the first-level sub-platform of the smart city sensor network platform. Like the target platform, it can follow the wisdom traffic and different streets of different districts and counties.
  • the intelligent traffic is divided step by step, that is
  • the sensor network platform of the smart medical composite Internet of Things system of the whole city serves as the first-level sub-platform of the smart city sensor network platform. Like the target platform, it can follow the intelligent medical complex Internet of Things in different districts and counties.
  • the system, the intelligent medical complex IoT system of different hospitals, and the IoT units of different types of smart medical service functions in the same hospital are divided step by step, that is, the first-level intelligent medical sensor network sub-platform of the entire city can be divided into the second Smart medical sensor network sub-platforms of different districts and counties; the smart medical sensor network sub-platforms of different districts and counties of the second level can be further divided into sub-platforms of smart medical sensor networks of different hospitals of the third level; Different hospitals' smart medical sensor network sub-platforms can be divided into many sensor network platforms of a single IoT unit according to various types of smart medical service functions.
  • the smart energy sensor network platform of the whole city as the first-level sensor network sub-platform of the smart city sensor network platform can also be graded according to different energy types, different fields of energy use, and different users.
  • the division, that is, the first-level energy sensor network sub-platform of the whole city can be divided into the second-level smart water sensor network sub-platform and the smart power sensor network sub-platform according to the four energy types: water, electricity, gas and heat.
  • Smart gas sensing network sub-platform and smart thermal sensing network sub-platform; these second-level smart energy sensing network sub-platforms can continue to be divided into third-level smart energy sensing network sub-platforms in different fields of use.
  • the smart water sensor network sub-platform can be divided into a smart public water sensor network sub-platform and a smart home water sensor network sub-platform.
  • the smart power sensor network sub-platform can be divided into smart public power sensor network sub-platform and smart home.
  • Power sensor network sub-platform, smart gas sensor network sub-platform can be divided into smart public gas transmission Network sub-platform and smart home gas sensor network sub-platform,
  • smart thermal sensor network sub-platform can be divided into smart public thermal energy sensor network sub-platform and smart home thermal energy sensor network sub-platform; similarly, these third-level different use
  • the smart energy sensing network sub-platform in the field can be divided into many sensor network platforms that are formed by a single IoT unit between a single energy terminal and a user.
  • the smart home water sensor network sub-platform can be further divided.
  • the smart home power sensor network sub-platform can be divided into many single objects formed by different electric meters and users.
  • Sensing network platform of networked unit, Zhi Hui home gas sensing network sub-platform can be divided into sensor network platform composed of many single IoT units formed by different gas meters and users.
  • Smart home thermal sensor network sub-platform can also be divided into different A sensing network platform for a large number of single IoT units formed between the heat meter and the user.
  • the smart city management platform is a platform for comprehensive management of urban operations and maintenance in the smart city complex Internet of Things system.
  • the smart city management platform is composed of many different levels of management sub-platforms. These management sub-platforms also belong to different industries and different fields. They exist in mutual and juxtaposed relationship, and jointly display the management functions of smart cities. .
  • the management platform of smart cities is also multi-level. According to different industries and fields, the smart city management platform can be first divided into the first-level management sub-platforms of different industries or fields, such as smart traffic management sub-platform and smart medical management sub-platform. , smart energy management sub-platform, smart government management sub-platform, smart environmental management sub-platform, etc., the management sub-platforms of different industries or fields realize the intelligent management of the industry or field in the corresponding industry or domain IoT system.
  • the intelligent traffic management sub-platform can collect various traffic management information such as traffic flow, traffic accidents, parking lots and realize information integration in real time, and then realize the control through traffic signal intelligent control, vehicle induction, information prompting, etc.
  • the management platform can be further divided into the second-level management sub-platform, and the second-level management sub-platform It can also continue to be refined to form a third-level management sub-platform, and so on, up to the management platform of a single IoT unit at the lowest level.
  • the management platform of the intelligent transportation complex Internet of Things system of the whole city serves as the first-level sub-platform of the smart city management platform. It can also be upgraded according to the smart traffic of different districts and counties and the smart traffic of different streets.
  • the division, that is, the intelligent traffic management sub-platform of the first-level city can be divided into the intelligent traffic management sub-platforms of different districts and counties of the second level; the intelligent traffic management sub-platforms of the second-level different districts and counties can be further divided into In the third stage, the intelligent traffic management sub-platforms of different streets; in the end, the smart traffic management sub-platforms of different streets can be divided into many management platforms of single IoT units that realize various intelligent traffic management.
  • the management platform of the smart medical complex IoT system in the whole city is made.
  • the first-level sub-platform of the smart city management platform it can also be based on the intelligent medical complex IoT system of different districts and counties, the smart medical composite Internet of Things system of different hospitals, and the IoT unit of different types of smart medical service functions in the same hospital.
  • the division of the smart medical management sub-platform of the first-level city can be divided into the smart medical management sub-platforms of different districts and counties of the second level; the smart medical management sub-platforms of the second-level different districts and counties can It is further divided into the third-level intelligent medical management sub-platforms of different hospitals; in the end, the smart medical management sub-platforms of different hospitals can be divided into many single IoT units according to different types of smart medical service functions. platform.
  • the smart energy management platform of the whole city as the first-level management sub-platform of the smart city management platform can also be divided into different levels according to different energy types, different areas of energy use, and different users, namely the first level.
  • the energy management sub-platform of the whole city can be divided into the second-level smart water management sub-platform, smart power management sub-platform, smart gas management sub-platform, and smart thermal management sub-platform according to the four energy types: water, electricity, gas and heat.
  • These second-level smart energy management sub-platforms can continue to be divided into third-level smart energy management sub-platforms in different areas of use.
  • the smart water management sub-platform can be divided into smart public water management sub-platform and smart household water management.
  • smart power management sub-platform can be divided into smart public power management sub-platform and smart home power management sub-platform
  • smart gas management sub-platform can be divided into smart public gas management sub-platform and smart home gas management sub-platform
  • smart heat management Sub-platform can be divided into wisdom Thermal energy management sub-platform and smart home thermal management sub-platform; similarly, these third-level smart energy management sub-platforms in different fields of use can be divided into many single Internet of Things formed by a single energy terminal and users.
  • the management platform of the unit such as the smart home water management sub-platform, can be further divided into a management platform of many single IoT units formed by different water meters and users.
  • the smart home power management sub-platform can be divided into different electric meters and The management platform of many single IoT units formed between users, the smart home gas management sub-platform can be divided into a management platform of many single IoT units formed by different gas meters and users, smart home
  • the thermal management sub-platform can also be divided into management platforms for many single IoT units formed by different heat meters and users.
  • the smart city service platform is a platform for providing services to users and realizing smart city service functions in the smart city composite Internet of Things system.
  • the smart city service platform is made up of many
  • the service sub-platforms are composed of multiple different levels of service sub-platforms. These service sub-platforms also belong to the composite Internet of Things system in different industries and different fields. They exist in mutual and parallel relationship, and together they display the service functions of smart cities.
  • the service platform of smart cities is multi-level. Similarly, according to different industries and fields, smart city service platforms can be first divided into service sub-platforms of different industries or fields at the first level, such as smart transportation service sub-platform and smart medical service. Service sub-platform, smart energy service sub-platform, smart government service sub-platform, smart environmental service sub-platform, etc., service sub-platforms in different industries or fields realize intelligent services in the industry or field in the corresponding industry or domain IoT system Features.
  • the service platform can be further divided into the second-level service sub-platform, and the second-level service sub-platform It can also continue to be refined to form a third-level service sub-platform, and so on, up to the service platform of a single IoT unit at the lowest level.
  • the service platform of the intelligent transportation complex Internet of Things system of the whole city serves as the first-level sub-platform of the smart city service platform. It can also be divided into levels according to the smart traffic of different districts and counties and the smart traffic of different streets. That is to say, the intelligent transportation service sub-platform of the whole city of the first level can be divided into the intelligent transportation service sub-platforms of different districts and counties of the second level; the intelligent transportation service sub-platform of the second-level different districts and counties can be further divided into the third In the end, the smart transportation service sub-platforms of different streets can be divided into a number of service platforms for a single IoT unit that realizes various intelligent transportation services.
  • the service platform of the smart medical composite Internet of Things system in the whole city serves as the first-level sub-platform of the smart city service platform. It can also be based on the intelligent medical complex IoT system of different districts and counties, and the smart medical complex of different hospitals.
  • the Internet of Things system and the IoT units of different types of smart medical service functions in the same hospital are divided step by step. That is, the smart medical service sub-platform of the first-level city can be divided into the smart medical service points of different districts and counties of the second level.
  • the platform; the smart medical service sub-platforms of different districts and counties of the second level can be further divided into the smart medical service sub-platforms of different hospitals of the third level; in the end, the smart medical service sub-platforms of different hospitals can be based on different types.
  • the smart medical service function is divided into service platforms for many single IoT units.
  • the smart energy service platform of the whole city as the first-level service sub-platform of the smart city service platform can also be divided into different levels according to different energy types, different fields of energy use, and different users, namely the first level.
  • the entire city's energy service sub-platform A smart water service sub-platform, a smart power service sub-platform, a smart gas service sub-platform, and a smart thermal service sub-platform divided into two levels according to the four energy types: water, electricity, gas and heat; these second-level smart energy sources
  • the service sub-platform can continue to be divided into the third-level smart energy service sub-platforms in different use areas.
  • the smart water service sub-platform can be divided into smart public water service sub-platform and smart home water service sub-platform, and smart electric service sub-platform. It can be divided into smart utility power service sub-platform and smart home power service sub-platform.
  • Smart gas service sub-platform can be divided into smart public gas service sub-platform and smart home gas service sub-platform.
  • Smart thermal service sub-platform can be divided into smart public thermal energy.
  • Service sub-platform and smart home thermal service sub-platform; similarly, these third-level smart energy service sub-platforms in different use areas can be divided into many single IoT units formed by a single energy terminal and users.
  • the sub-platform can be further divided into service platforms of many single IoT units formed by different water meters and users.
  • the smart home electric service sub-platform can be divided into many single units formed by different electric meters and users.
  • the service platform of the IoT unit, the smart home gas service sub-platform can be divided into service platforms of many single IoT units formed by different gas meters and users.
  • the smart home thermal service sub-platform can also be divided into A service platform for many single IoT units formed between different heat meters and users.
  • the smart city user platform is a platform for users to enjoy services in the smart city composite Internet of Things system.
  • the smart city user platform is composed of many different levels of user sub-platforms. These user sub-platforms also belong to the composite Internet of Things system in different industries and different fields. They exist in mutual and parallel relationship and show together. People enjoy service functions in smart cities.
  • the user platform of the smart city is multi-level.
  • the smart city user platform can be first divided into the first-level user sub-platforms of different industries or fields, such as smart transportation user sub-platform, smart medical User sub-platform, smart energy user sub-platform, smart government user sub-platform, smart environmental user sub-platform, etc., through different industry or field users sub-platform, users can enjoy the intelligent service function corresponding to the industry or domain IoT system .
  • the user platform can be further divided into the second-level user sub-platform, and the second-level user sub-platform You can also continue to refine and form a third-level user sub-platform.
  • the user platform of a single IoT unit up to the minimum level.
  • the user platform of the intelligent transportation complex Internet of Things system of the whole city serves as the first-level sub-platform of the smart city user platform. It can also be divided into levels according to the intelligent traffic of different districts and counties and the smart traffic of different streets. That is to say, the intelligent transportation user sub-platform of the whole city of the first level can be divided into the sub-platforms of the intelligent transportation users of different districts and counties of the second level; the sub-platform of the intelligent transportation users of the different districts and counties of the second level can be further divided into the third
  • the intelligent transportation users of different streets are divided into platforms; in the end, the smart transportation user sub-platforms of different streets can be divided into many user platforms of a single Internet of Things unit that realize various intelligent transportation services.
  • the user platform of the smart medical composite Internet of Things system in the whole city serves as the first-level sub-platform of the smart city user platform. It can also be based on the intelligent medical complex Internet of Things system of different districts and counties, and the smart medical compound of different hospitals.
  • the Internet of Things system and the IoT units of different types of smart medical service functions in the same hospital are divided step by step. That is, the smart medical user sub-platform of the first-level city can be divided into the smart medical users of different districts and counties of the second level.
  • the platform; the smart medical user sub-platforms of different districts and counties of the second level can be further divided into the smart medical user sub-platforms of different hospitals of the third level; finally, the smart medical user sub-platforms of different hospitals can be based on various types.
  • the smart medical service function is divided into a user platform of a large number of single IoT units.
  • the smart energy user platform of the whole city as the first-level service sub-platform of the smart city user platform can also be divided into different levels according to different energy types, different areas of energy use, and different users, namely the first level.
  • the energy user sub-platform of the whole city can be divided into the second-level smart water user sub-platform, smart power user sub-platform, smart gas user sub-platform, smart thermal user sub-platform according to the four energy types: water, electricity, gas and heat.
  • These second-level smart energy user sub-platforms can continue to be divided into third-level smart energy user sub-platforms in different areas of use.
  • smart water user sub-platforms can be divided into smart public water user sub-platforms and smart home water users.
  • smart power user sub-platform can be divided into smart public power user sub-platform and smart home power user sub-platform
  • smart gas user sub-platform can be divided into smart public gas user sub-platform and smart home gas user sub-platform
  • smart heat user Sub-platform can be divided into wisdom
  • the thermal energy user sub-platform and the smart home thermal user sub-platform; similarly, these third-level smart energy user sub-platforms in different fields of use can be divided into a plurality of single Internet of Things formed by a single energy terminal and a user.
  • the user platform of the unit such as the smart home water user sub-platform, can be further divided into different water meters and users.
  • the user platform of a large number of single IoT units formed between the smart home power user sub-platform can be divided into a user platform composed of many single IoT units formed by different meters and users, smart home gas users
  • the sub-platform can be divided into user platforms with many single IoT units formed by different gas meters and users.
  • the smart home thermal user sub-platform can also be divided into many different forms formed by different heat meters and users.

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Abstract

本发明公开了一种智慧城市体系,包括:功能体系、物理体系和信息体系;功能体系是智慧城市功能的表现形式,信息体系是智慧城市功能的实现方式,物理体系是为智慧城市功能实现的物理支撑载体;所述的功能体系是五平台结构;所述的物理体系是五层结构;所述的信息体系是五域结构。本发明对智慧城市体系进行了详细的划分,将智慧城市体系从功能体系、物理体系和信息体系三个维度,对智慧城市应实现哪些功能,以及如何实现这些功能进行了准确的描述。通过这些技术特征的设置,能够构建一个体系清楚、功能明确、硬件匹配、信息流转清晰的智慧城市体系,为智慧城市的最终实现提供基础模型保障,具有广泛的应用范围。

Description

智慧城市体系结构 技术领域
本发明涉及一种智慧城市体系结构,更具体的说,本发明主要涉及一种由物联网体系组成的智慧城市体系结构。
背景技术
随着互联网技术的飞速发展带来的全球信息化浪潮,人类世界对智能化的要求和需求也越来越高,自2008年美国IBM公司首次提出“智慧地球”的发展战略以来,世界各发达国家已经逐渐意识到智慧城市是人类社会发展的必然趋势,并开始大力积极开展智慧城市的建设,我国一些发达地区在数字城市建设基础上,也开始探索智慧城市的建设,北京、上海、南京等地区已经将智慧城市列为重点课题。目前国内外有关智慧城市的建设和发展还仅限于信息城市、智能城市的范畴,对智慧城市更深层次的理解还很欠缺,对智慧城市的体系结构尚没有明确的定论,智慧城市的建设重点和研究焦点目前主要集中在服务和应用方面,没有完整的智慧城市体系结构。现有的智慧城市体系结构,其功能、物理、信息三者的关系不清晰,不明确,没有系统性,不能正确指导智慧城市建设。因此,需要对智慧城市体系结构进行深入研究。
发明内容
本发明的目的之一在于针对上述不足,提供一种智慧城市体系结构,以期望解决现有技术中智慧城市体系结构没有完整的体系结构的问题,同时,解决现有技术中功能、信息、物理关系不清晰的问题。本发明着重从智慧城市体系的结构应该实现怎样的功能,以及智慧城市怎样通过功能、信息、物理的清晰关系来实现这些功能这两个方面来进行详细的阐述和说明。
本发明是这样实现的:
智慧城市体系结构由至少一个智慧城市子体系组成;
所述智慧城市体系结构包括功能体系、物理体系和信息体系;
功能体系是功能的表现形式,信息体系是功能的实现方式,物理体系是功能实现的物理支撑载体;
所述的功能体系是五平台结构,分别是:对象平台、传感网络平台、管理平台、服务平台和用户平台;所述的物理体系是五层结构,分别是: 对象层、传感网络层、管理层、服务层和用户层;所述的信息体系是五域结构,分别是:对象域、传感域、管理域、服务域和用户域;
功能体系中每一平台的功能实现都有对应的物理体系中物理实体的支撑和信息体系中信息的运行;
功能体系的对象平台对应物理体系中的对象层,对应信息体系中的对象域;功能体系的传感网络平台对应物理体系中的传感网络层,对应信息体系中的传感域;功能体系的管理平台对应物理体系中的管理层,对应信息体系中的管理域;功能体系的服务平台对应物理体系中的服务层,对应信息体系中的服务域;功能体系的用户平台对应物理体系中的用户层,对应信息体系中的用户域。
在本发明中,对象平台的功能是实现感知和控制,由感知设备感知到感知信息,实现感知功能,通过物联网体系的运行,经传感网络平台、管理平台和服务平台传输至用户,用户将感知信息转换为控制信息后,再经服务平台、管理平台和传感网络平台传输至对象平台的控制设备,由控制设备执行控制,形成闭环的信息结构。闭环的信息结构,保证智慧城市体系结构中感知和控制的有效。
本发明中的传感网络平台的功能是实现对象平台和管理平台之间的相互通信,感知设备的通信模块将感知设备获得的感知信息发送到物联网智能网关,物联网智能网关再通过公共网络将感知信息传输至运营商通信服务器,从而完成感知信息在传感网络平台中的通信;运营商通信服务器通过公共网络发送控制信息到物联网智能网关,物联网智能网关再将控制信息发送到控制设备的通信模块,完成控制信息在传感网络平台中的通信。在信息的传递过程中,需要保证信息的安全性。安全性是指信息运行过程中所有环节的安全,包含信息自身的安全,信息运行过程的安全,信息交换节点的安全。
本发明中的管理平台对智慧城市体系结构中的信息进行处理、存储、分类、标识解析,实现管理功能,为服务体系提供支撑,是整个智慧城市体系结构的综合管理平台;
管理平台在信息结构中对应管理域,包括感知信息管理系统和控制信息管理系统,在物理结构中对应运营商管理服务器及与服务器相连的各种设施,是信息结构中的感知信息管理系统和控制信息管理系统的载体。
本发明中的服务平台是向用户提供服务,实现服务功能的平台,包括运营商服务平台、政府公共服务平台和社会公共网络服务平台;
其服务内容包括运营商服务和公共服务;运营商服务主要由运营商服务平台提供,公共服务主要由政府公共服务平台和社会公共网络服务平台提供。
智慧城市服务平台在信息结构中对应服务域,在物理结构中对应三个部分的内容,一是运营商服务平台服务器,二是政府服务器,三是社会公共网络服务器。
本发明中的用户平台的功能是实现用户享受智慧城市体系结构服务的平台,用户利用各种用户端,通过人机交互,实现自身需求的输出并享受整个智慧城市体系结构的服务。用户平台是智慧城市体系结构中直接面向用户的平台,用户通过用户平台发出控制信息,通过智慧城市体系结构中的信息运行,最终控制信息传输到对象平台,实现对对象的控制,满足用户的需求。
本发明的智慧城市体系结构的另一个重要组成是物理体系,物理体系包括对象层、传感网络层、管理层、服务层和用户层。智慧城市体系结构主要是通过各物理层的架构以及他们之间的相互连接关系,才形成智慧城市完整的物理体系结构,从而支撑了智慧城市信息的完整运行,最终实现智慧城市的功能。
其中对象层是智慧城市中所有对象信息承载实体所在的层,是智慧城市物理体系的基础,指感知设备的感知单元和控制设备的控制单元,具有感知功能和控制功能;所述感知设备和控制设备可以是共同完成感知和控制的同一设备,也可以是分别完成感知和控制的不同的两种设备。
传感网络层包括感知设备的通信模块和控制设备的通信模块、物联网智能网关、公用网络以及运营商的通信服务器,通过由感知设备的通信模块和控制设备的通信模块、物联网智能网关、公共网络以及运营商通信服务器组成的传感网络实现与运营商管理服务器的相互通信。
管理层的核心是服务器,包括运营商管理服务器及其他相关设施。
服务层包括运营商服务平台服务器、政府服务器和社会公共网络服务器。
用户层是为用户平台的功能提供物理支撑的设施,主要包括各种终端 设施,如移动通信终端、专用终端、互联网终端或无线局域网终端。用户主要通过这些终端设施,才能完成信息的接收和发送。
本发明的智慧城市体系结构的另一个重要组成是信息体系,信息体系的功能是实现智慧城市体系结构中信息的运行;没有信息的运行,那么智慧城市体系结构的任何功能都无法实现。
在信息体系中,位于最底层的是对象域。对象域中的信息包括感知信息和控制信息,感知信息是源自于信息源,控制信息是经过智慧城市体系结构后,下发的控制信息。
信息体系中的传感域是智慧城市中各种通信信息的集合,包括感知通信信息和控制通信信息,感知通信信息是对对象域上传的感知信息进行通信的信息,控制通信信息是对经过智慧城市体系结构后,下发的控制信息进行通信的信息。
信息体系中的管理域是智慧城市中各种管理信息的集合,包括感知管理信息和控制管理信息;感知管理信息由感知信息管理系统提供,控制管理信息由控制信息管理系统提供。管理域是智慧城市有序运行的信息保障。
信息体系中的服务域是智慧城市中各种服务信息的集合,包括感知服务信息和控制服务信息;感知服务信息由公共感知服务系统、政府感知服务系统和运营商感知服务系统提供,控制服务信息由运营商控制服务系统提供。
信息体系中的用户域包括各种相关的用户信息。
由于智慧城市是一个非常复杂的体系,包括很多个不同级别的智慧城市子体系。在对智慧城市体系的结构进行说明的基础上,为了便于实现智慧城市功能,方便理解,也需要对智慧城市子体系进行说明。
智慧城市子体系,可以分为不同的级别,上一级的智慧城市子体系由至少一个下一级的智慧城市子体系和/或至少一个物联网体系组成,最下一级的智慧城市子体系,是由至少一个物联网体系组成。也就是说,智慧城市子体系,最终是由物联网体系组成的。
在智慧城市子体系之间存在并列、交叉、包含的形式,在同一级别的智慧城市子体系之间是并列或交叉的关系,在不同级别的智慧城市子体系之间存在并列或交叉或包含的关系,交叉或包含的关系最终体现在智慧城市子体系之间具有共享信息。
所述智慧城市子体系和物联网体系,也包括功能体系、物理体系和信息体系;
功能体系是智慧城市子体系或物联网功能的表现形式,信息体系是智慧城市子体系或物联网功能的实现方式,物理体系是智慧城市子体系或物联网功能实现的物理支撑载体;
功能体系是五平台结构,分别是:对象平台、传感网络平台、管理平台、服务平台和用户平台;所述的物理体系是五层结构,分别是:对象层、传感网络层、管理层、服务层和用户层;所述的信息体系是五域结构,分别是:对象域、传感域、管理域、服务域和用户域;
功能体系中每一平台的功能实现都有对应的物理体系中物理实体的支撑和信息体系中信息的运行;
功能体系的对象平台对应物理体系中的对象层,对应信息体系中的对象域;功能体系的传感网络平台对应物理体系中的传感网络层,对应信息体系中的传感域;功能体系的管理平台对应物理体系中的管理层,对应信息体系中的管理域;功能体系的服务平台对应物理体系中的服务层,对应信息体系中的服务域;功能体系的用户平台对应物理体系中的用户层,对应信息体系中的用户域。
在智慧城市体系结构中,智慧城市体系结构具有开放性,功能体系中的对象平台、传感网络平台、管理平台、服务平台和用户平台分别包括多个对象分平台、传感网络分平台、管理分平台、服务分平台和用户分平台。
所述多个对象分平台共同组成智慧城市对象平台,共同展现出智慧城市的全面感知和控制功能;所述对象分平台分为不同级别的对象分平台,上一级的对象分平台由至少一个下一级的对象分平台和/或至少一个单一物联网体系的对象平台组成,最下一级的对象分平台由至少一个单一物联网体系的对象平台组成;
所述智慧城市功能体系中的各分平台之间存在并列、包含的形式,在同一级别的分平台之间是并列的关系,在不同级别的分平台之间存在并列或交叉或包含的关系,交叉或包含的关系最终体现在分平台之间具有共享信息。
所述多个传感网络分平台共同组成智慧城市传感网络平台,实现智慧城市体系结构中对象平台与管理平台之间感知信息和控制信息的通信;所 述传感网络分平台分为不同级别的传感网络分平台,上一级的传感网络分平台由至少一个下一级的传感网络分平台和/或至少一个单一物联网体系的传感网络平台组成,最下一级的传感网络分平台由至少一个单一物联网体系的传感网络平台组成;
所述多个管理分平台共同组成智慧城市管理平台,实现智慧城市体系结构中城市综合管理;所述管理分平台分为不同级别的管理分平台,上一级的管理分平台由至少一个下一级的管理分平台和/或至少一个单一物联网体系的管理平台组成,最下一级的管理分平台由至少一个单一物联网体系的管理平台组成;
所述多个服务分平台共同组成智慧城市服务平台,实现智慧城市服务功能;所述服务分平台分为不同级别的服务分平台,上一级的服务分平台由至少一个下一级的服务分平台和/或至少一个单一物联网体系的服务平台组成,最下一级的服务分平台由至少一个单一物联网体系的服务平台组成;
所述多个用户分平台共同组成智慧城市用户平台,实现智慧城市为用户提供服务的功能;所述用户分平台分为不同级别的用户分平台,上一级的用户分平台由至少一个下一级的用户分平台和/或至少一个单一物联网体系的用户平台组成,最下一级的用户分平台由至少一个单一物联网体系的用户平台组成。
本发明中,智慧城市功能体系,处于最底层的对象平台是功能体系结构的起点,对整个功能体系结构起支撑作用;传感网络平台是功能体系结构中对象平台和管理平台连接的桥梁;管理平台则是整个功能体系的中心,决定着智慧城市功能的实现;管理平台之上是服务平台,服务平台在保证智慧城市子体系的私密性的同时,实现了智慧城市各子体系间的信息共享和交换;服务平台之上则是用户平台,用户平台为智慧城市的用户实现人机互动提供了保障。智慧城市功能体系的正常运转就是在对象平台、传感网络平台、管理平台、服务平台和用户平台这五大平台的有机结合、密切配合下完成的。同时,智慧城市体系结构作为一个复杂的社会性的体系结构,其最基础的组成都是物联网体系结构,物联网体系结构是智慧城市最基础的组成单元。智慧城市功能的实现,是通过最基础的无数个物联网体系结构共同发挥作用、有机结合而最终完成的。
与现有技术相比,本发明的有益效果之一是:对智慧城市体系结构进行了详细的划分,将智慧城市体系结构从功能体系、物理体系和信息体系三个维度,对智慧城市应实现哪些功能,以及如何实现这些功能进行了准确的描述。通过这些技术特征的设置,能够构建一个体系清楚、功能明确、硬件匹配、信息流转清晰的智慧城市体系结构,为智慧城市的最终实现提供基础模型保障,应用范围广泛。
而且本发明的智慧城市体系结构,能够实现信息的有效性、安全性、私密性、开放性。在智慧城市体系结构中,通过信息运行形成了一个完整的闭环,保证了感知信息和控制信息的完整运行,体现了感知信息和控制信息运行的有效性;安全性是指信息运行过程中所有环节的安全,包含信息自身的安全,信息运行过程的安全,信息交换节点的安全;整个智慧城市体系结构中,无论是对象平台中感知信息的来源,还是用户平台中控制信息的发出,信息本身,以及信息在不同平台之间的运行,都能够保证信息的安全。信息的私密性,是指通过在服务平台建立私密通道,实现运营商和用户之间的私密通信,保证信息的私密性;另外,在智慧城市体系结构中,智慧城市子体系或物联网体系与政府公共服务平台和社会公共网络服务平台之间有信息交换和共享,信息具有开放性。
附图说明
图1为智慧城市体系结构示意图;
图2为智慧城市功能体系结构示意图;
图3智慧城市对象分平台;
图4智慧城市传感网络分平台;
图5智慧城市管理分平台;
图6智慧城市服务分平台;
图7智慧城市用户分平台;
图8智慧城市物理体系结构示意图;
图9智慧城市物理实体示意图;
图10智慧城市信息体系结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图对本发明作进一步的说明。
如附图1所示,一种智慧城市体系结构,由至少一个智慧城市子体系组 成;
所述智慧城市体系结构包括功能体系,物理体系和信息体系;
功能体系是功能的表现形式,信息体系是功能的实现方式,物理体系是功能实现的物理支撑载体;
所述的功能体系是五平台结构,分别是:对象平台、传感网络平台、管理平台、服务平台和用户平台;所述的物理体系是五层结构,分别是:对象层、传感网络层、管理层、服务层和用户层;所述的信息体系是五域结构,分别是:对象域、传感域、管理域、服务域和用户域;
功能体系中每一平台功能的实现都有对应的物理体系中物理实体的支撑和对应信息体系中信息的运行;
功能体系的对象平台对应物理体系中的对象层,对应信息体系中的对象域;功能体系的传感网络平台对应物理体系中的传感网络层,对应信息体系中的传感域;功能体系的管理平台对应物理体系中的管理层,对应信息体系中的管理域;功能体系的服务平台对应物理体系中的服务层,对应信息体系中的服务域;功能体系的用户平台对应物理体系中的用户层,对应信息体系中的用户域。
所述对象平台的功能是实现感知和控制,由感知设备的感知单元感知到感知信息,实现感知功能,通过智慧城市体系结构的运行,经传感网络平台、管理平台和服务平台传输至用户,用户将感知信息转换为控制信息后,再经服务平台、管理平台、传感网络平台传输至对象平台的控制设备,由控制设备的控制单元执行控制,形成闭环的信息结构。
所述的智慧城市传感网络平台的功能是实现对象平台和管理平台之间的相互通信,感知设备的通信模块将感知设备获得的感知信息发送到物联网智能网关,物联网智能网关再通过公共网络将感知信息传输至运营商通信服务器,从而完成感知信息在传感网络平台中的通信;运营商通信服务器通过公共网络发送控制信息到物联网智能网关,物联网智能网关再将控制信息发送到控制设备的通信模块,完成控制信息在传感网络平台中的通信。
所述管理平台对智慧城市体系结构中的信息进行处理、存储、分类、标识解析,实现管理功能,为服务体系提供支撑,是整个智慧城市体系结构的综合管理平台;
管理平台在信息结构中对应管理域,包括感知信息管理系统和控制信息管理系统,在物理结构中对应运营商管理服务器及与服务器相连的各种设施,是信息结构中的感知信息管理系统和控制信息管理系统的载体。
所述服务平台是向用户提供服务,实现服务功能的平台,包括政府公共服务平台、社会公共网络服务平台和运营商服务平台;
其服务内容包括公共服务和运营商服务;
智慧城市服务平台在信息结构中对应服务域,在物理结构中对应三个部分的内容,一是运营商服务平台服务器,二是政府服务器,三是社会公共网络服务器。
所述用户平台的功能是实现用户享受物联网体系服务的平台,用户利用各种用户端,通过人机交互,实现自身需求的输出并享受整个物联网体系的服务。
如附图8所示,物理体系包括对象层、传感网络层、管理层、服务层和用户层,通过各物理层之间的相互连接,形成智慧城市完整的物理体系结构,从而支撑了智慧城市信息的完整运行,最终实现智慧城市的功能;
智慧城市物理实体如附图9所示,根据智慧城市物理体系结构,分别介绍如下:
智慧城市是以用户为中心的各种智慧城市服务子体系组成的,每个服务子体系都是完整的物联网五域结构,各种服务子体系围绕用户排列在用户的周围,根据信息的不同,将信息由内而外划分为五层,从而组成智慧城市城市信息体系是以用户为中心的五域环状结构。
物理体系是信息体系信息运行的载体,因此物理体系的结构与信息体系对应。
所述对象层是智慧城市中所有对象信息承载实体所在的层,指感知设备的感知单元和控制设备的控制单元,具有感知功能和控制功能;所述感知设备和控制设备可以是共同完成感知和控制的同一设备,也可以是分别完成感知和控制的不同的两种设备。
所述传感网络层包括感知设备的通信模块和控制设备的通信模块、物联网智能网关、公用网络以及运营商的通信服务器,通过由感知设备的通信模块和控制设备的通信模块、物联网智能网关、公共网络以及运营商通信服务器组成的传感网络实现与运营商管理服务器的相互通信;
所述管理层的核心是服务器,包括运营商管理服务器及其他相关设施;
所述服务层包括政府服务器、社会公共网络服务器和运营商服务平台服务器;
用户层是为用户平台的功能提供物理支撑的设施,主要包括各种终端设施,如移动通信终端、专用终端、互联网终端或无线局域网终端。
如附图10所示,信息体系的功能是实现智慧城市体系结构中信息的运行;
智慧城市是以用户为中心的各种智慧城市服务子体系组成的,每个服务子体系都是完整的物联网五域结构,各种服务子体系围绕用户排列在用户的周围,根据信息的不同,将信息由内而外划分为五层,从而组成智慧城市城市信息体系是以用户为中心的五域环状结构。
所述对象域中的信息包括感知信息和控制信息,感知信息是源自于信息源,控制信息是经过智慧城市体系结构后,下发的控制信息;
所述传感域是智慧城市中各种通信信息的集合,包括感知通信信息和控制通信信息,感知通信信息是对对象域上传的感知信息进行通信的信息,控制通信信息是对经过智慧城市体系结构后,下发的控制信息进行通信的信息;
所述管理域是智慧城市中各种管理信息的集合,包括感知管理信息和控制管理信息;感知管理信息由感知信息管理系统提供,控制管理信息由控制信息管理系统提供;管理域是智慧城市有序运行的信息保障;
所述服务域是智慧城市中各种服务信息的集合,包括感知服务信息和控制服务信息;感知服务信息由公共感知服务系统、政府感知服务系统和运营商感知服务系统提供,控制服务信息由运营商控制服务系统提供;
所述用户域包括各种相关的用户信息。
所述智慧城市子体系,可以分为不同级别的智慧城市子体系,上一级的智慧城市子体系由至少一个下一级的智慧城市子体系和/或至少一个物联网体系组成,最下一级的智慧城市子体系,是由至少一个物联网体系组成。
从附图2、8、10也可以看出,智慧城市体系结构,无论是智慧城市功能体系、智慧城市物理体系和智慧城市信息体系,其组成的最小单元都是物联网体系中对应的物联网体系的功能体系、物联网体系的物理体系和物 联网体系的信息体系。这也反映了物联网体系在智慧城市体系结构中的基础地位和作用。
所述智慧城市子体系之间,存在并列、交叉或包含的形式,在同一级别的智慧城市子体系之间,是并列或交叉的关系,在不同级别的智慧城市子体系之间,存在并列或交叉或包含的关系,交叉或包含,最终体现在智慧城市子体系之间具有共享信息。
所述物联网体系,也包括功能体系、物理体系和信息体系;
功能体系是物联网功能的表现形式,信息体系是物联网功能的实现方式,物理体系是物联网功能实现的物理支撑载体;
所述的功能体系是五平台结构,分别是:对象平台、传感网络平台、管理平台、服务平台和用户平台;所述的物理体系是五层结构,分别是:对象层、传感网络层、管理层、服务层和用户层;所述的信息体系是五域结构,分别是:对象域、传感域、管理域、服务域和用户域;
功能体系中每一平台的功能实现都有对应的物理体系中物理实体的支撑和信息体系中信息的运行;
功能体系的对象平台对应物理体系中的对象层,对应信息体系中的对象域;功能体系的传感网络平台对应物理体系中的传感网络层,对应信息体系中的传感域;功能体系的管理平台对应物理体系中的管理层,对应信息体系中的管理域;功能体系的服务平台对应物理体系中的服务层,对应信息体系中的服务域;功能体系的用户平台对应物理体系中的用户层,对应信息体系中的用户域。
所述的智慧城市体系结构具有开放性,功能体系中的对象平台、传感网络平台、管理平台、服务平台、用户平台分别包括多个对象分平台、传感网络分平台、管理分平台、服务分平台、用户分平台。
所述多个对象分平台共同组成智慧城市对象平台,共同展现出智慧城市的全面感知和控制功能;所述对象分平台分为不同级别的对象分平台,上一级的对象分平台由至少一个下一级的对象分平台和/或至少一个单一物联网体系的对象平台组成,最下一级的对象分平台由至少一个单一物联网体系的对象平台组成;
所述多个传感网络分平台共同组成智慧城市传感网络平台,实现智慧城市体系结构中对象平台与管理平台之间感知信息和控制信息的通信;所 述传感网络分平台分为不同级别的传感网络分平台,上一级的传感网络分平台由至少一个下一级的传感网络分平台和/或至少一个单一物联网体系的传感网络平台组成,最下一级的传感网络分平台由至少一个单一物联网体系的传感网络平台组成;
所述多个管理分平台共同组成智慧城市管理平台,实现智慧城市体系结构中城市综合管理;所述管理分平台分为不同级别的管理分平台,上一级的管理分平台由至少一个下一级的管理分平台和/或至少一个单一物联网体系的管理平台组成,最下一级的管理分平台由至少一个单一物联网体系的管理平台组成;
所述多个服务分平台共同组成智慧城市服务平台,实现智慧城市服务功能;所述服务分平台分为不同级别的服务分平台,上一级的服务分平台由至少一个下一级的服务分平台和/或至少一个单一物联网体系的服务平台组成,最下一级的服务分平台由至少一个单一物联网体系的服务平台组成;
所述多个用户分平台共同组成智慧城市用户平台,实现智慧城市为用户提供服务的功能;所述用户分平台分为不同级别的用户分平台,上一级的用户分平台由至少一个下一级的用户分平台和/或至少一个单一物联网体系的用户平台组成,最下一级的用户分平台由至少一个单一物联网体系的用户平台组成。
从附图2-7可以看出,物联网体系是组成智慧城市体系结构的最基础单元。物联网体系之间也存在有机结合的情况。首先是多个物联网体系之间形成最小级别的智慧城市子体系,多个最小级别的智慧城市子体系之间又形成上一级别的智慧城市子系统,以此类推,最终形成整个智慧城市体系结构。
本发明中,智慧城市功能体系,处于最底层的对象平台是功能体系结构的起点,对整个功能体系结构起支撑作用;传感网络平台是功能体系结构中对象平台和管理平台连接的桥梁;管理平台则是整个功能体系的中心,决定着智慧城市功能的实现;管理平台之上是服务平台,服务平台在保证智慧城市子体系的私密性的同时,实现了智慧城市各子体系间的信息共享和交换;服务平台之上则是用户平台,用户平台为智慧城市的用户实现人机互动提供了保障。智慧城市功能体系的正常运转就是在对象平台、传感 网络平台、管理平台、服务平台、用户平台这五大平台的有机结合、密切配合下完成的。
智慧城市的功能体系从总体的角度揭示了智慧城市功能实现的全过程,而智慧城市功能的实现需要智慧城市中的基础设施来予以支撑,比如对象平台的感知、控制功能需要具有感知和控制功能的智能传感设备才得以实现,传感网络平台的通信功能需要通信服务器等才得以实现,管理平台的管理功能则需要管理服务器等设备才得以实现,用户平台完成人机交互等功能则需要各种具有应用功能的APP、软件等才得以实现。所有这些用以实现智慧城市智慧功能的基础设施统称为物理实体。智慧城市功能体系中不同平台功能的实现需要不同类型的物理实体的支撑,根据智慧城市的功能体系结构,则构建出相适应的智慧城市的物理体系结构,即为:对象层、传感网络层、管理层、服务层及用户层。
其中,对象层的物理实体用以实现对象平台的感知、控制功能,故对象层的物理实体是具有感知和/或控制功能的物体,即对象可以是只具有感知功能的物体,也可以是只具有控制功能的物体,还可以是同时具备感知和控制功能的物体。对象层的物理实体涵盖了智慧城市中实现其智慧功能的各个领域,智慧城市中各个领域都有各自领域实现感知、控制功能的物理实体。智慧城市功能体系中与对象平台相连接的是传感网络平台,对应的,其物理体系中与对象层相连接的是传感网络层,传感网络层包含了各种各样用以传递信息的通信设备,通过这些设备实现了传感网络平台的通信功能。传感网络层是对象层信息传输的第一道关卡,传感网络层通信设备能够接收、存储、转发大流量信息;另一方面,由于通信设备接收的信息需要进一步传输到其他层,则通信设备具备通信协议转换的功能。智慧城市功能体系中传感网络平台的上层结构是管理平台,对应的,其物理体系中传感网络层的上一层是管理层。管理层具备为管理平台实现业务管理功能的各种设施,这些设施主要指各种管理服务器,这些管理服务器由各种硬件和软件系统组成。管理服务器主要由智慧城市的各个功能领域的运营商进行运维管控。管理层的管理服务器是智慧城市功能体系功能实现的必要支撑。物理体系中的服务层与功能体系的服务平台相对应,处于管理层之上,对应的服务层需要实现这两方面功能的物理实体,即服务层的物理实体包括社会公共网络服务器,政府服务器和运营商服务平台服务器。 用户平台是保障智慧城市中实现人机交互的平台,其功能的实现是依靠物理体系中的用户层结构实现的,用户层位于服务层之上,用户层对应的物理实体是支撑用户接入、使用智慧城市服务的交互设备。从通信接入方式角度,用户层的物理实体包括移动通信终端、互联网终端、专网终端以及无线局域网终端等。因为智慧城市的用户包括了智慧城市生活的个人、城市的建设者及城市的管理者。因此不同的用户可能使用不同的物理实体。
智慧城市功能体系为五平台结构,每个平台都有对应的功能,五平台相互联结,共同完成智慧城市的智慧功能。智慧城市的物理体系是智慧城市功能体系的支撑,没有物理体系,智慧城市的功能就无法实现,根据智慧城市的五平台功能体系,将智慧城市的物理体系划分为五大物理层结构,物理层与功能体系的平台呈一一对应的关系,每一物理层支撑对应功能体系的平台的功能实现,因为各功能体系的平台存在相互联结、相互依存的关系,因此各物理层也不可能相互独立,各物理层间存在相互作用的关系,各物理层的相互作用主要是依靠各物理层的信息流转得以实现的。各物理层均存在信息流转的接口,信息在各物理层的流转,为各物理层的相互联结、相互对话创造了条件。智慧城市中,正是由于信息在各物理层的流转,才实现了智慧城市各功能领域的物理实体广泛地联结功能,进而才实现了智慧城市的深度分析及准确控制。可以说,智慧城市中信息的运行让物理实体变得“鲜活”起来,只有信息的运行,物理实体才具有相应的价值与意义。
智慧城市的物理体系为五层体系结构,从下到上依次是:对象层、传感网络层、管理层、服务层和用户层。据此得到智慧城市的信息体系为五域结构,从下到上依次是:对象域、传感域、管理域、服务域和用户域。智慧城市信息体系的五域结构与物理体系的五层结构呈一一对应的关系。对象域对应对象层,传感域对应传感网络层,管理域对应管理层,服务域对应服务层,用户域对应用户层。智慧城市既要实现全面感知,又要实现精确控制,因此智慧城市需要两种形式的信息,一是感知信息,一是控制信息。感知信息是对象层的感知系统感知的各种信息,如:家居领域中安装了传感装置的家电设备,感知的光亮、电流、室内温度、湿度等信息;能源领域的智能气表、水表等感知的流量、压力、磁环境、地震等信息;安装了GPRS的汽车感知的地理位置等信息……控制信息是用户层为了执行 相应的控制而发出的控制信息,如:家居领域中,控制家电开关、控制空调冷热、控制冰箱温度、控制窗帘开闭等控制信息;能源领域中控制天然气表、水表开关阀,控制天然气表、水表发出报警提示等控制信息;对象域与用户域是智慧城市信息体系结构的两极,其中,对象域是感知信息发出的起点,是控制信息接收的终点;用户域是感知信息接收的终点,是控制信息发出的起点。由此可知,在智慧城市的信息体系中,感知信息的运行始于对象域,依次经过传感域、管理域和服务域,最终到达用户域;控制信息的运行始于用户域,依次经过服务域、管理域和传感域,最终到达对象域。所以,在信息体系中,信息的运行形成一个闭环,在这个闭环中,从下到上是感知信息的运行,自上而下是控制信息的运行。
建设智慧城市的终极目标是充分发挥智慧城市的功能,为人类提供服务。故功能体系是智慧城市体系结构建设的中心,智慧城市体系结构建设必须以功能体系建设为出发点和落脚点。智慧城市功能的实现必须依靠物理实体的支撑,没有物理实体的搭建,智慧城市的功能体系建设就仅仅是空谈,因此物理体系是智慧城市功能体系建设的基础。物理体系中,必须具备信息在各物理实体间的流转功能,没有信息在物理实体间的流转,任凭物理体系具备多么丰富、完善的物理实体,依然不能实现智慧城市的功能,所以信息体系亦是智慧城市体系结构建设中不可或缺的重要组成部分。因此,智慧城市体系结构包括:功能体系、物理体系和信息体系。智慧城市体系结构中的功能体系、物理体系和信息体系三者缺一不可,功能体系是其中心,为智慧城市的顶层设计指明了方向,因此功能体系位于智慧城市体系结构的中心位置,而物理体系中的物理实体为智慧城市功能的实现提供了支撑,信息体系中信息的运行为智慧城市功能的实现提供了途径,因此物理体系和信息体系紧紧围绕于功能体系,位于功能体系的两侧。智慧城市的功能体系是五平台结构,分别是:对象平台、传感网络平台、管理平台、服务平台和用户平台;智慧城市的物理体系是五层结构,分别是:对象层、传感网络层、管理层、服务层和用户层;智慧城市的信息体系是五域结构,分别是:对象域、传感域、管理域、服务域和用户域。由于功能体系中五大平台的每一平台具有各自的平台功能,故每一平台功能的实现都应有对应的物理实体的支撑和对应信息域中信息的运行。因此,在智慧城市的体系结构图中,功能体系的对象平台对应物理体系中的对象层, 对应信息体系中的对象域;功能体系的传感网络平台对应物理体系中的传感网络层,对应信息体系中的传感域;功能体系的管理平台对应物理体系中的管理层,对应信息体系中的管理域;功能体系的服务平台对应物理体系中的服务层,对应信息体系中的服务域;功能体系的用户平台对应物理体系中的用户层,对应信息体系中的用户域。
如附图2所示,智慧城市的功能体系结构,是由多个物联网功能体系结构有机结合完成的。由于智慧城市是一个庞大而复杂的体系,因此不可能仅仅依靠一个互联网体系完成智慧城市所有的功能,因此单个的物联网功能体系结构就组成了智慧城市功能体系结构的基础。其中,物联网功能体系结构在组成智慧城市功能体系结构时,有些物联网功能体系结构之间是并列的关系,如附图2中的物联网1和物联网a,有些物联网功能体系结构本身就是有机结合的关系,如物联网2和3。这也反映出智慧城市功能体系结构的复杂性。但是从整体上考虑,将智慧城市功能体系结构也分为五大平台:对象平台、传感网络平台、管理平台、服务平台和用户平台,是合理而科学的。
下面对智慧城市功能体系的平台及相关分平台进行更详细的论述。
一、对象平台
智慧城市对象平台是智慧城市中的万物与物联网体系发生关联的界面。对象平台的功能是实现感知和控制,由感知设备的感知单元感知到感知信息,实现感知功能,通过物联网体系的运行,经传感网络平台、管理平台和服务平台传输至用户,用户将感知信息转换为控制信息后,再经服务平台、管理平台和传感网络平台传输至控制设备,由控制设备的控制单元执行控制,从而形成闭环的信息结构。一切具有感知和控制功能的事物都可以作为对象,对象可以是人,可以是物,也可以是人和物的组合,对象可以是某个个体,也可以是若干个体组成的集合,可以是某一类个体,可以是若干个体组成的物联网。
一般地,对象平台的感知功能是由感知设备的感知单元来实现的,控制功能是由控制设备的控制单元实现的。感知设备和控制设备可以自动实现自我控制,也可以根据接收的控制信息实现控制。当对象为智能物体时,感知功能和控制功能是通过其中的感知单元和控制单元来实现;当对象是人时,感知功能和控制功能是通过人体的感知器官及控制神经来实现;当 对象是人和物的组合或人的群体时,感知和控制功能是通过人与人之间的交流来实现。
实现的技术方式:
对象平台的主要功能是实现感知与控制,感知和控制功能都是通过各自的感知设备和控制设备来实现,感知设备的感知单元感知到感知信息,由通信模块传输至传感网络平台,当传感网络平台下发控制信息时,控制设备的通信模块接收到控制信息,由控制设备的控制单元执行控制。
1)感知功能
对象平台的感知功能是物联网存在的前提,没有感知信息,物联网无从谈起,更无法运转。物联网的感知功能是通过各种感知技术来实现感知功能,不同类型的感知信息所需要的感知设备或感知技术是不一样的,根据感知信息的类型差别,感知功能包括IP音视频信息的感知和非IP音视频信息的感知,其中IP音视频信息的感知主要是指通过摄像头感知的信息,大部分感知信息为非IP音视频信息。如标签读写、位置采集、射频识别、二维码扫描以及包括压力传感器、温度传感器、湿度传感器、压力传感器、流量传感器、液位传感器、力传感器、加速度传感器以及转矩传感器等测量各种物理量的感知设备。
对象平台是物联网体系获取外界信息的入口,对象平台的感知功能是对象平台获取感知信息的重要手段,因而感知技术的水平决定对象平台感知信息的全面性,进一步决定物联网体系内容的丰富程度。对象平台的控制功能是对感知信息经过整个物联网体系运行后所得的控制信息的执行。
2)控制功能
一般地,对象平台的控制功能是由控制设备实现的。控制设备可以自动实现自我控制,也可以根据接收的控制信息实现控制。当对象为智能物体时,控制功能是通过其中的控制单元来实现。智能控制是指不需要外界干涉,能够自动实现某种控制或自我控制的功能,当对象是人时,控制功能是通过人体的控制神经来实现;当对象是人和物的组合或人的群体时,控制功能是通过人与人之间的交流来实现。
在智慧城市中,智能控制技术随处可见,如智能家居中控系统,包括环境照明系统,家庭影院影音系统,安防监控系统,公共广播/背景音乐系统,空调系统,电动窗帘等一系列家居控制系统的智能集中控制。
二、传感网络平台
顾名思义,传感网络平台的功能就是通信,智慧城市传感网络平台主要是实现对象平台和管理平台之间的相互通信。通信是指由一地向另一地进行消息的有效传递。在智慧城市中,主要使用的是电话、网络等电通信的方式。在各种各样的通信方式中,利用“电信号”来承载消息的通信方法称为电通信。这种通信将有用的信息无失真、高效率地进行传输,同时还要在传输过程中将无用信息和有害信息抑制掉,并且还要有存储、处理、采集及显示等功能,具有迅速、准确、可靠,而且几乎不受时间、地点、空间、距离的限制等特点,因而得到了飞速发展和广泛应用。
智慧城市的通信目前以电通信为主,利用电信号来承载信息,通过通信网传输电信号来实现信息的传递。通信网是一种使用交换设备,传输设备,由各种通信手段和一定的连接方式将地理上分散的用户终端设备互连起来实现通信和信息交换的系统。智慧城市的传感网络平台在信息结构中对应传感域,物理实体包括四部分的内容:感知设备的通信模块和控制设备的通信模块、物联网智能网关、公共网络和运营商的通信服务器。物联网智能网关不同于现在普通的网关,而是具有智能管理功能的物联网智能网关。公共网络主要是指移动公用网络、Internet等。传感网络平台实现智慧城市物联网体系中对象平台和管理平台之间的各种感知信息和控制信息的交互。
智慧城市物联网体系的传感网络平台是所有行业物联网体系的传感网络平台的组合。传感网络平台与对象平台通过感知设备和控制设备进行连接,与管理平台通过管理平台的通信服务器进行连接。感知设备的通信模块将感知信息发送至物联网智能网关,物联网智能网关通过公用网络将感知信息传输至运营商通信服务器。运营商管理平台对感知信息进行相应的处理后,通过服务平台传输给用户,用户发出控制信息,经过服务平台将控制信息传输至运营商通信服务器,由管理平台对控制信息作出相应处理后通过运营商通信服务器,利用公共网络传输至物联网智能网关,物联网智能网关对信息进行汇总,分发传输给控制设备的通信模块,通过控制设备对对象实行控制。
对象平台上传来的感知信息包括很多不同类型,如音频信息、视频信息、地理信息、数据信息、控制信息及其他信息,不同的信息有不同的传 输接口,各种信息通过各自的接口传输至物联网智能网关,网关通过采集适配器和数据传输功能对感知数据进行数据存储,并进行一些协议的转换,路由,应用注册等,可实现设备配置,标识,状态管理,应用管理,性能管理和安全等一些管理功能。网关对信息进行相应的处理后通过互联网,移动通信网,卫星通信网,PSTN,IP网络及其他网络将信息传输出去。
三、管理平台
智慧城市管理平台对智慧城市体系结构中的信息进行处理、存储、分类、标识解析等,实现管理功能,为服务系统提供支撑服务,是整个智慧城市体系结构的综合管理平台。智慧城市管理平台在信息结构中对应管理域,包括感知信息管理系统和控制信息管理系统,在物理结构中对应运营商管理服务器及与服务器相连的各种设施,是信息结构中的感知信息管理系统和控制信息管理系统的载体。运营商管理服务器可以是提供同一种服务的很多个运营商的服务器,很多个提供不同服务的运营商的服务器,也可以是提供某一种具体服务的某一个具体的运营商的服务器。
智慧城市的管理平台指的不仅仅是管理软件平台,而是一个管理体系,是智慧城市运营中使用的有形和无形相结合的管理体系。该平台最主要的作用就是要充分的发挥城市资源的利用率,其核心的任务则是对智慧城市物联网体系进行综合管理,包括基础管理和应用管理,基础管理是指物联网管理系统的运行管理和系统相关后台数据的管理,应用管理是指运营商综合管理系统对传感网络平台发送的对象平台的感知信息和用户平台发送的控制信息进行综合受理。管理平台的管理主要体现在对各类信息进行整合、分类、处理等,利用设计好的软件程序,对感知信息和控制信息进行综合处理,或完成感知信息与控制信息的转换。
智慧城市管理平台通过以下技术方式来实现:
物联网管理平台通过对各种感知控制信息、公共服务信息、网络通信等进行数据采集,协议转换,数据存储处理,数据共享,业务流程梳理,实现各种专业系统管理功能,为企业生产、经营提供服务,从而实现管理平台的功能,管理平台的功能包括基础管理功能和应用管理功能,其中基础管理功能包括:信息资源交换、市场资源交换、法规监管、运行维护、公共数据的融合、公共数据的存储、公共数据的处理、公共数据的接入、标识管理服务、地理信息服务、服务管理、用户服务管理等;应用管理是 指和用户有关的信息的管理,如传感网络平台上传的感知信息的汇集、标识、解析、处理等管理功能,对用户通过服务平台下发的控制信息进行标识、解析、处理等管理功能。
智慧能源体系中的智慧燃气子体系中,燃气公司管理平台即是智慧燃气子体系的管理平台,由燃气公司管理平台实现整个智慧燃气子体系的综合管理,同样包含基础管理和业务管理。基础管理是指智慧燃气子体系的运行数据管理,及一些相关的后台处理。业务管理是指燃气业务的综合管理,包括开户。例如,当燃气表表端预存的气量余额不足时,燃气表会自动上传的气量余额不足的信息,即感知信息,通过传感网络平台传输至管理平台,管理平台对该感知信息进行标识、解析后,将气量不足的信息通过服务平台传输至用户平台,用户接收到气量不足的信息后,作出需要充值的判断,并通过服务平台将充值指令及充值金额数传输至管理平台,管理平台根据用户的充值指令和充值金额数,向表端发送充值指令,将表端的预购气量进行累加,完成远程充值。在这个过程中,燃气公司管理平台不仅要对表端感知的余额不足的信息进行解析,处理,转换成用户可接受的信息格式,传输给用户,用户的充值信息也同样要经过燃气公司管理平台进行解析,处理,转换为表端控制模块可以识别的信息格式,完成对表端的控制。
四、服务平台
智慧城市服务平台是向用户提供服务,实现服务功能的平台,其服务内容包括公共服务和运营商服务。公共服务是政府主导的,为智慧城市体系结构提供公共信息资源及数据处理服务,如信息资源、市场资源、法规监管、公共数据等,运营商服务是由运营商提供的运营商业务服务。
智慧城市服务平台在信息结构中对应服务域,包括公共感知服务系统、政府感知服务系统、运营商感知服务系统和运营商控制服务系统,在物理结构中对应三个部分的内容,一是社会公共网络服务器,二是政府服务器,三是运营商服务平台服务器。运营商服务平台服务器可以是提供同一种服务的很多个运营商服务平台服务器,很多个提供不同服务的运营商服务平台服务器,也可以是提供某一种具体的服务的某一个具体的运营商服务平台服务器。
实现的技术方式:
服务平台通过服务总线,对各种基础服务和资源进行接入、交换、路由,给用户提供公共服务,是以集成的方式,实现消息、数据、事件和服务的互联互通。
服务平台通过服务注册管理,允许各种基础服务在服务平台进行注册或取消注册;通过服务传输管理为消息、数据、事件和服务在平台和用户间的交换提供传输保障;通过协议转换服务对各种类型的数据进行转换,并进行存储、处理,为用户提供大数据服务。
服务质量管理和服务安全管理实现服务安全认证、鉴权、服务QOS监控等,确保服务质量。
智慧城市的服务平台其实就是大数据,随着电子商务、物联网、社交网络等发展,新的数据源和数据采集技术不断出现,使各行各业的数据类型不断增多,各种非结构化的数据增加了大数据的复杂性。
五、用户平台
物联网用户平台的功能是实现用户享受物联网体系服务的平台,用户利用各种用户端,通过人机交互,实现自身需求的输出并享受整个物联网体系的服务。
智慧城市用户平台的功能是实现用户享受智慧城市体系结构的服务,用户平台在信息结构中对应用户域,在物理结构中对应用户端。用户利用各种用户端,通过人机交互,实现自身需求的输出并享受整个智慧城市体系结构的服务。
用户平台的用户,既可以是单独的个体用户,也可以是用户群体,既可以是人,也可以是物,既可以是企业用户,也可以是政府用户,只要是智慧城市体系服务结构的对象,就是用户。在信息结构中,用户泛指所有接受智慧城市体系结构服务的主体,是一种抽象的概念;在物理结构中,用户是指具体的用户,可以是享受同一种服务的很多个用户,很多个享受不同服务的用户,享受很多种不同服务的某一个用户,也可以是享受某一种服务的某一个具体的用户。
实现的技术方式:
服务平台通过网络(如INTERNET,2G/3G/4G,卫星网络,其他网络)为用户提供公共服务,服务的信息类型包括音频、视频、公共服务、支付、 GIS地图、业务数据、设备状态以及网络拓扑等,用户通过网页、专用客户界面、APP以及电脑等方式接收服务信息。
对于智慧城市来说,其用户群体是非常复杂和多元化的,用户的需求也涉及到行业的各个领域。用户平台的功能的丰富程度直接决定用户享受服务的智慧化水平,决定人类被解放的充分程度。通过用户平台,可以实现个人账户网络查询、家用能源远程控制、智能家居系统远程控制等功能。
1)个人账户网络查询
为保证用户的信息安全以及隐私权,智慧城市中用户进行各种远程控制大部分都是需要注册一个专有账户,登录进入相应的系统才能进行一系列的操作。例如智慧能源中的燃气用户,可登录智慧能源系统,进行个人账户信息查询、余额查询、历史消费记录查询、燃气价格信息查询等;智慧城市需要出行的人可以通过打车软件APP,登录自己的账号,查询附近可用的车辆,以及车辆的相关信息和司机的相关信息,然后根据自身需要选择其中一辆,完成叫车程序;智慧医疗系统中,病人作为用户时,可通过登录进入智慧医疗系统,查询各个科室的医生的个人资料、擅长领域、成功案例、预约人数、出诊情况等;医生作为用户时可通过登录智慧医疗系统查询病人的病历档案、治疗进程、预约信息、在线诊疗数据(血压、血糖、血脂、脉搏等),简单并及时掌握病人的信息,以便迅速作出诊断方案。
2)家用能源远程控制
家用能源包括家庭用水、家庭用电、家庭用气、家庭供热四大能源,居民家庭日常生活最不可或缺的就是水电气热,因此,家用能源的智慧化是真正造福老百姓的一件事情。在家用智慧能源体系中,人们可以通过用户平台对自己家的水、电、气、热的使用情况进行相关的查询以及远控控制,以家用智慧燃气体系为例,用户可以登录智慧燃气系统,通过用户平台查询燃气的用量,账户余额,并通过用户平台的充值系统进行远程充值,燃气公司管理平台接收到用户的充值信息,向用户表端发送控制指令,对气量余额进行累加,完成充值。又如,某用户长期出差不在家中,由于长时间没有使用燃气,处于户内安全考虑,智能燃气表会自动关阀,用户通过用户平台获取到通过表端感知到的关阀信息,如果需要开阀继续使用燃气,可通过用户平台的用户系统申请开阀,燃气公司会根据用户的请求对 表端进行安全确认并开阀。
3)智能家居系统远程控制
智能家居是智慧城市的一个分支,也是与人们日常生活息息相关,智能家居一般将各种智能控制技术应用到各种家居中,为人提供更智能、更舒适、更便捷的服务。智能家居的智能控制大多时候是不需要经过用户的,而是由智能家居直接根据感知信息,做出智慧化的控制,调节自身参数,为人提供最佳的服务模式。这些智能控制都是处于为用户切身利益考虑,是提升用户舒适度和方便性的,可以说,智能家居的这些控制都是用户所认可和同意的,或者是用户提前授权的,从本质上来讲,智能家居的智能控制过程其实也是完整的物联网体系的运行过程,也包括完整的五域结构。所以,智能家居的本质是物联网,是智慧城市的一个特殊的子体系,称为智慧家居子体系。
智慧城市功能体系包括对象平台、传感网络平台、管理平台、服务平台和用户平台五大功能平台,由于智慧城市的智慧化服务功能是通过城市中无数大大小小的物联网所组成的巨大的复合物联网体系来实现的,因此智慧城市功能体系中的功能平台同样是由这些无数大大小小的物联网中的功能平台所组成的复合功能平台,根据人类活动中的不同行业、不同领域、不同产品可依次划分为不同等级的分平台。例如,首先从行业或领域划分,智慧城市五大功能平台可划分为第一级的智慧交通分平台、智慧医疗分平台、智慧能源分平台、智慧政务分平台、智慧环保分平台、智慧家居分平台、智慧教育分平台、智慧社区分平台、智慧城管分平台、智慧旅游分平台、智慧物流分平台等等,分平台包括城市生活的各个行业和领域;在同一个行业或领域中,根据产品或者特点的不同又可以继续对分平台进行划分,形成第二级的智慧城市分平台。例如,在智慧能源领域,根据能源的不同,又可将智慧能源分平台划分为智慧电能分平台、智慧燃气分平台、智慧水务分平台、智慧热能分平台。同样,第二级的智慧城市分平台又可以继续细分,形成更低一级的智慧城市分平台。例如,智慧燃气分平台又可以细分为智慧公用燃气分平台和智慧家用燃气分平台。
总之,在城市活动中,人们可以根据自身的需求,构建出各行业、各领域的复合物联网体系,实现各种各样的智慧化服务功能,而这些各行业、各领域的所有智慧化服务功能将在智慧城市复合物联网体系的五大功能平 台上实现集成。因此,智慧城市的功能平台具有开放性,人们可以根据需要不断向其中加入更多的智慧化服务功能,最终形成功能多样性的智慧城市。
1、对象分平台
如附图3所示,智慧城市对象平台是智慧城市复合物联网体系中实现感知和控制功能的平台,所有的感知和控制功能都在对象平台中体现。智慧城市对象平台是由许许多多不同等级的对象分平台共同组成的,这些对象分平台属于不同行业、不同领域,它们彼此存在相互包含、并列的关系,共同展现出智慧城市的全面感知和控制功能。
根据行业、领域的不同,智慧城市对象平台首先可以划分为第一级的智慧交通对象分平台、智慧医疗对象分平台、智慧能源对象分平台、智慧政务对象分平台、智慧环保对象分平台等等,不同行业或领域的对象分平台是对应行业或领域物联网体系中实现感知和控制功能的平台,根据人类在不同行业或领域的智慧化服务需要,这些对象分平台将实现不同类型的感知和控制功能。例如,在交通领域,人们当前面临着交通拥堵、交通管理手段落后、交通事故频发、停车困难等一系列交通现状问题,智慧交通建设就是旨在通过构建智慧交通物联网体系来实现交通的智慧化管理和服务,从而解决上述交通问题。在智慧交通物联网体系中,其对象平台作为智慧城市对象平台的其中一个第一级的对象分平台,其主要是实现人流信息、车流信息、停车场使用信息等等整个城市各种交通信息的感知并执行交通的智能化控制。功能的实现需要有物理实体的支撑,对于智慧交通对象分平台,其感知功能主要是通过分布于大街小巷的各种感知设备实现的,如摄像头、地感线圈、地磁感应棒、微波检测器、GPS定位仪、RFID设备等,其控制功能主要是通过信号灯、电子显示屏等实现交通的引导等。同样,对于智慧医疗对象分平台,其将实现病人信息、床位信息、医生信息等医疗相关的信息感知与相应控制;对于智慧能源对象分平台,其将实现水、电、气、热等能源使用信息、能源安全信息、设备故障信息等的感知并执行相应的控制。
智慧城市的对象平台是多级别的,除了按照行业或领域划分的第一级的对象分平台,在同一行业或领域中,还可以根据具体产品或者相应特点的不同,继续对第一级的对象分平台进行划分,形成第二级的对象分平台, 而第二级的对象分平台也可以进一步划分出第三级的对象分平台,以此类推,直到划分至最小一级的单一物联网单元的对象平台。下面以智慧交通、智慧医疗、智慧能源对象分平台的划分进行举例说明。
在智慧交通领域,整个城市的智慧交通是由不同区县的智慧交通、不同街道的智慧交通等通过逐级融合而形成的。因此,在整个城市的智慧交通复合物联网体系中,其对象平台首先可以作为智慧城市复合物联网体系对象平台中其中一个第一级的对象分平台,集成了整个城市的交通信息感知功能以及整个城市的交通控制执行功能。对于这个第一级的整个城市的智慧交通对象分平台,根据城市交通构成关系,其是通过整个城市各不同区县的智慧交通复合物联网体系的对象平台共同融合而形成的,因此,这些不同区县的智慧交通对象平台又可以看作为第二级的对象分平台,它们各自完成对应区县交通范围的交通信息感知和交通控制执行。同样,对于这些不同区县的智慧交通对象分平台,它们集成了各自区县内许多不同街道的智慧交通复合物联网体系的对象平台功能。因此,又可以将各区县内不同街道的智慧交通复合物联网体系的对象平台作为第三级的对象分平台,它们各自完成对应街道交通范围内的交通信息感知和交通控制执行功能。最终,由于智慧交通功能的丰富性,在同一街道的智慧交通复合物联网体系中包括了许许多多的不同类型的具有不同智慧交通服务功能的单一物联网单元,因此,第三级的不同街道的智慧交通对象分平台正是由这些许许多多的单一物联网单元的对象平台组成的,即这些单一物联网单元的对象平台即是智慧城市对象平台在智慧交通领域的最小组成单元。
在智慧医疗领域,整个城市的智慧医疗复合物联网体系是由各区县的智慧医疗复合物联网体系构成,各区县的智慧医疗复合物联网体系又是由不同医院的智慧医疗复合物联网体系构成,而同一医院的智慧医疗复合物联网体系又是由许许多多不同类型的实现各种智慧化医疗服务功能的单一物联网单元构成。因此,首先可以将整个城市智慧医疗复合物联网体系的对象平台作为智慧城市复合物联网体系对象平台的第一级对象分平台,其集成了整个城市智慧医疗复合物联网体系的医疗信息感知功能和医疗控制执行功能。对于第一级的整个城市的智慧医疗对象分平台,其是由城市各区县的智慧医疗复合物联网体系的对象平台所组成的,所以这些各区县的智慧医疗复合物联网体系的对象平台又可以看作第二级的对象分平台,它 们主要实现对应区县的医疗信息的感知功能和医疗控制的执行功能。同样,由于第二级的不同区县的智慧医疗对象分平台又是由对应区县中各不同医院的智慧医疗复合物联网体系的对象平台所共同组成的,因此这些不同医院的智慧医疗复合物联网体系的对象平台又可以看作第三级的对象分平台,它们主要实现对应医院的医疗信息的感知功能和医疗控制的执行功能。最终,同样由于智慧医疗服务功能的多样性,在同一医院的智慧医疗复合物联网体系中还包括着许许多多实现不同智慧医疗服务功能的单一物联网单元,而这些单一物联网单元的对象平台共同组成了医院级别的智慧医疗复合物联网体系的对象平台,即这些单一物联网单元的对象平台就是智慧城市对象平台在智慧医疗领域的最小组成单元。
在智慧能源领域,首先根据能源类型的不同,可以将能源划分为水、电、气、热四种类型,根据能源使用性质的不同,又可以分为公用能源和家用能源。因此,整个城市的智慧能源对象平台作为智慧城市对象平台的第一级对象分平台,其集成了整个城市的能源信息感知功能和能源控制执行功能。对于这个第一级的智慧能源对象分平台,其又是由不同能源类型的复合物联网体系的对象平台所组成的,包括智慧水务对象分平台、智慧电力对象分平台、智慧燃气对象分平台、智慧热能对象分平台,这些对象分平台可以作为智慧城市能源领域第二级的对象分平台,实现各对应能源领域复合物联网体系的感知和控制功能;同样,第二级的不同能源类别的对象分平台又可以进一步的划分为第三级的不同使用性质的对象分平台,如智慧水务对象分平台可以划分为智慧公用水务对象分平台和智慧家用水务对象分平台,智慧电力对象分平台可以划分为智慧公用电力对象分平台和智慧家用电力对象分平台,智慧燃气对象分平台可以划分为智慧公用燃气对象分平台和智慧家用燃气对象分平台,智慧热能对象分平台可以划分为智慧公用热力对象分平台和智慧家用热力对象分平台。最终,这些不同使用性质的智慧能源对象分平台,又可以划分为许许多多的由单一能源终端与用户之间形成的单一物联网单元的对象平台,如智慧家用水务对象分平台可以划分为由不同水表与用户之间形成的许许多多的单一物联网单元的对象平台,智慧家用电力对象分平台可以划分为由不同电表与用户之间形成的许许多多的单一物联网单元的对象平台,智慧家用燃气对象分平台可以划分为由不同燃气表与用户之间形成的许许多多的单一物联网单元的 对象平台,智慧家用热能对象分平台可以划分为由不同热能表与用户之间形成的许许多多的单一物联网单元的对象平台,而上述这些所有的单一物联网单元的对象平台即是智慧城市对象平台在智慧能源领域的最小组成单元。
人类城市活动中的行业或领域多种多样,对于智慧城市不同行业或领域复合物联网体系中对象分平台的构成与划分不再一一列举说明,但它们都应遵循智慧城市复合物联网体系的构建规律,即对象平台应由大到小,逐级划分,直到最小的单一物联网单元的对象平台。
2、传感网络分平台
如附图4所示,智慧城市传感网络平台是智慧城市复合物联网体系中实现对象平台与管理平台之间感知信息和控制信息通信的平台。智慧城市传感网络平台是由许许多多不同等级的传感网络分平台共同组成的,这些传感网络分平台属于不同行业、不同领域,它们彼此存在相互包含、并列的关系,共同展现出智慧城市的信息传输功能。
智慧城市的传感网络平台是多级别的,根据行业、领域的不同,智慧城市传感网络平台首先可以划分为第一级的不同行业或领域的传感网络分平台,如智慧交通传感网络分平台、智慧医疗传感网络分平台、智慧能源传感网络分平台、智慧政务传感网络分平台、智慧环保传感网络分平台等等,不同行业或领域的传感网络分平台是对应行业或领域物联网体系中实现对象平台与管理平台之间感知信息和控制信息通信的平台,它们将根据自身行业或领域的特点执行不同类型的感知信息和控制信息通信。除了按照行业或领域划分的第一级的传感网络分平台,在同一行业或领域中,还可以根据产品或者相应特点的不同,继续对第一级的传感网络分平台进行划分,形成第二级的传感网络分平台,而第二级的传感网络分平台也可以进一步划分出第三级的传感网络分平台,以此类推,直到最小一级的单一物联网单元的传感网络平台。
在智慧交通领域,整个城市的智慧交通复合物联网体系的传感网络平台作为智慧城市传感网络平台第一级的分平台,其同对象平台一样,可以按照不同区县的智慧交通、不同街道的智慧交通进行逐级划分,即第一级的整个城市的智慧交通传感网络分平台可以划分为第二级的不同区县的智慧交通传感网络分平台;第二级的不同区县的智慧交通传感网络平台又可 以进一步划分为第三级的不同街道的智慧交通传感网络分平台;最终,不同街道的智慧交通传感网络分平台又可以分为许许多多的实现各种智慧化交通服务的单一物联网单元的传感网络平台。
在智慧医疗领域,整个城市的智慧医疗复合物联网体系的传感网络平台作为智慧城市传感网络平台第一级的分平台,其同对象平台一样,可以按照不同区县的智慧医疗复合物联网体系、不同医院的智慧医疗复合物联网体系、同一医院不同类型的智慧医疗服务功能的物联网单元进行逐级划分,即第一级的整个城市的智慧医疗传感网络分平台可以划分为第二级的不同区县的智慧医疗传感网络分平台;第二级的不同区县的智慧医疗传感网络分平台又可以进一步划分为第三级的不同医院的智慧医疗传感网络分平台;最终,不同医院的智慧医疗传感网络分平台又可以根据各种不同类型的智慧医疗服务功能划分为许许多多的单一物联网单元的传感网络平台。
在智慧能源领域,整个城市的智慧能源传感网络平台作为智慧城市传感网络平台的第一级传感网络分平台,同样可以根据不同的能源类型、能源使用的不同领域、不同用户进行逐级划分,即第一级的整个城市的能源传感网络分平台可以按照水、电、气、热四种能源类型划分为第二级的智慧水务传感网络分平台、智慧电力传感网络分平台、智慧燃气传感网络分平台、智慧热能传感网络分平台;这些第二级的智慧能源传感网络分平台又可以继续划分为第三级的不同使用领域的智慧能源传感网络分平台,如智慧水务传感网络分平台可以划分为智慧公用水务传感网络分平台和智慧家用水务传感网络分平台,智慧电力传感网络分平台可以划分为智慧公用电力传感网络分平台和智慧家用电力传感网络分平台,智慧燃气传感网络分平台可以划分为智慧公用燃气传感网络分平台和智慧家用燃气传感网络分平台,智慧热能传感网络分平台可以划分为智慧公用热能传感网络分平台和智慧家用热能传感网络分平台;同样,这些第三级的不同使用领域的智慧能源传感网络分平台,又可以划分为许许多多的由单一能源终端与用户之间形成的单一物联网单元的传感网络平台,如智慧家用水务传感网络分平台可以进一步划分为由不同水表与用户之间形成的许许多多的单一物联网单元的传感网络平台,智慧家用电力传感网络分平台可以划分为由不同电表与用户之间形成的许许多多的单一物联网单元的传感网络平台,智 慧家用燃气传感网络分平台可以划分为由不同燃气表与用户之间形成的许许多多的单一物联网单元的传感网络平台,智慧家用热能传感网络分平台同样也可以划分为由不同热能表与用户之间形成的许许多多的单一物联网单元的传感网络平台。
3、管理分平台
如附图5所示,智慧城市管理平台是智慧城市复合物联网体系中实现城市运营、维护等综合管理的平台。智慧城市管理平台是由许许多多不同等级的管理分平台共同组成的,这些管理分平台同样也属于不同行业、不同领域,它们彼此存在相互包含、并列的关系,共同展现出智慧城市的管理功能。
智慧城市的管理平台也是多级别的,根据行业、领域的不同,智慧城市管理平台首先可以划分为第一级的不同行业或领域的管理分平台,如智慧交通管理分平台、智慧医疗管理分平台、智慧能源管理分平台、智慧政务管理分平台、智慧环保管理分平台等等,不同行业或领域的管理分平台在对应行业或领域物联网体系中实现行业或领域的智慧化管理。例如,在智慧交通领域,智慧交通管理分平台可以实时收集车流、交通事故、停车场等各种交通管理信息并实现信息集成,然后通过交通信号智能化控制、车辆诱导、信息提示等手段实现对交通疏导、分流、救援等智慧化管理。除了按照行业或领域划分的第一级的管理分平台,在同一行业或领域的复合物联网体系中,管理平台还可以进一步划分为第二级的管理分平台,而第二级的管理分平台也可以继续细化,形成第三级的管理分平台,以此类推,直到最小一级的单一物联网单元的管理平台。
同样,在智慧交通领域,整个城市的智慧交通复合物联网体系的管理平台作为智慧城市管理平台第一级的分平台,其也可以按照不同区县的智慧交通、不同街道的智慧交通进行逐级划分,即第一级的整个城市的智慧交通管理分平台可以划分为第二级的不同区县的智慧交通管理分平台;第二级的不同区县的智慧交通管理分平台又可以进一步划分为第三级的不同街道的智慧交通管理分平台;最终,不同街道的智慧交通管理分平台又可以分为许许多多的实现各种智慧化交通管理的单一物联网单元的管理平台。
在智慧医疗领域,整个城市的智慧医疗复合物联网体系的管理平台作 为智慧城市管理平台第一级的分平台,其也可以按照不同区县的智慧医疗复合物联网体系、不同医院的智慧医疗复合物联网体系、同一医院不同类型的智慧医疗服务功能的物联网单元进行逐级划分,即第一级的整个城市的智慧医疗管理分平台可以划分为第二级的不同区县的智慧医疗管理分平台;第二级的不同区县的智慧医疗管理分平台又可以进一步划分为第三级的不同医院的智慧医疗管理分平台;最终,不同医院的智慧医疗管理分平台又可以根据各种不同类型的智慧医疗服务功能划分为许许多多的单一物联网单元的管理平台。
在智慧能源领域,整个城市的智慧能源管理平台作为智慧城市管理平台的第一级管理分平台,同样可以根据不同的能源类型、能源使用的不同领域、不同用户进行逐级划分,即第一级的整个城市的能源管理分平台可以按照水、电、气、热四种能源类型划分为第二级的智慧水务管理分平台、智慧电力管理分平台、智慧燃气管理分平台、智慧热能管理分平台;这些第二级的智慧能源管理分平台又可以继续划分为第三级的不同使用领域的智慧能源管理分平台,如智慧水务管理分平台可以划分为智慧公用水务管理分平台和智慧家用水务管理分平台,智慧电力管理分平台可以划分为智慧公用电力管理分平台和智慧家用电力管理分平台,智慧燃气管理分平台可以划分为智慧公用燃气管理分平台和智慧家用燃气管理分平台,智慧热能管理分平台可以划分为智慧公用热能管理分平台和智慧家用热能管理分平台;同样,这些第三级的不同使用领域的智慧能源管理分平台,又可以划分为许许多多的由单一能源终端与用户之间形成的单一物联网单元的管理平台,如智慧家用水务管理分平台可以进一步划分为由不同水表与用户之间形成的许许多多的单一物联网单元的管理平台,智慧家用电力管理分平台可以划分为由不同电表与用户之间形成的许许多多的单一物联网单元的管理平台,智慧家用燃气管理分平台可以划分为由不同燃气表与用户之间形成的许许多多的单一物联网单元的管理平台,智慧家用热能管理分平台同样也可以划分为由不同热能表与用户之间形成的许许多多的单一物联网单元的管理平台。
4、服务分平台
如附图6所示,智慧城市服务平台是智慧城市复合物联网体系中向用户提供服务,实现智慧城市服务功能的平台。智慧城市服务平台是由许许多 多不同等级的服务分平台共同组成的,这些服务分平台同样也属于不同行业、不同领域的复合物联网体系,它们彼此存在相互包含、并列的关系,共同展现出智慧城市的服务功能。
智慧城市的服务平台是多级别的,同样,可以根据行业、领域的不同,智慧城市服务平台首先可以划分为第一级的不同行业或领域的服务分平台,如智慧交通服务分平台、智慧医疗服务分平台、智慧能源服务分平台、智慧政务服务分平台、智慧环保服务分平台等等,不同行业或领域的服务分平台在对应行业或领域物联网体系中实现该行业或领域的智慧化服务功能。除了按照行业或领域划分的第一级的管理分平台,在同一行业或领域的复合物联网体系中,服务平台还可以进一步划分为第二级的服务分平台,而第二级的服务分平台也可以继续细化,形成第三级的服务分平台,以此类推,直到最小一级的单一物联网单元的服务平台。
在智慧交通领域,整个城市的智慧交通复合物联网体系的服务平台作为智慧城市服务平台第一级的分平台,其也可以按照不同区县的智慧交通、不同街道的智慧交通进行逐级划分,即第一级的整个城市的智慧交通服务分平台可以划分为第二级的不同区县的智慧交通服务分平台;第二级的不同区县的智慧交通服务分平台又可以进一步划分为第三级的不同街道的智慧交通服务分平台;最终,不同街道的智慧交通服务分平台又可以分为许许多多的实现各种智慧化交通服务的单一物联网单元的服务平台。
在智慧医疗领域,整个城市的智慧医疗复合物联网体系的服务平台作为智慧城市服务平台第一级的分平台,其也可以按照不同区县的智慧医疗复合物联网体系、不同医院的智慧医疗复合物联网体系、同一医院不同类型的智慧医疗服务功能的物联网单元进行逐级划分,即第一级的整个城市的智慧医疗服务分平台可以划分为第二级的不同区县的智慧医疗服务分平台;第二级的不同区县的智慧医疗服务分平台又可以进一步划分为第三级的不同医院的智慧医疗服务分平台;最终,不同医院的智慧医疗服务分平台又可以根据各种不同类型的智慧医疗服务功能划分为许许多多的单一物联网单元的服务平台。
在智慧能源领域,整个城市的智慧能源服务平台作为智慧城市服务平台的第一级服务分平台,同样可以根据不同的能源类型、能源使用的不同领域、不同用户进行逐级划分,即第一级的整个城市的能源服务分平台可 以按照水、电、气、热四种能源类型划分为第二级的智慧水务服务分平台、智慧电力服务分平台、智慧燃气服务分平台、智慧热能服务分平台;这些第二级的智慧能源服务分平台又可以继续划分为第三级的不同使用领域的智慧能源服务分平台,如智慧水务服务分平台可以划分为智慧公用水务服务分平台和智慧家用水务服务分平台,智慧电力服务分平台可以划分为智慧公用电力服务分平台和智慧家用电力服务分平台,智慧燃气服务分平台可以划分为智慧公用燃气服务分平台和智慧家用燃气服务分平台,智慧热能服务分平台可以划分为智慧公用热能服务分平台和智慧家用热能服务分平台;同样,这些第三级的不同使用领域的智慧能源服务分平台,又可以划分为许许多多的由单一能源终端与用户之间形成的单一物联网单元的服务平台,如智慧家用水务服务分平台可以进一步划分为由不同水表与用户之间形成的许许多多的单一物联网单元的服务平台,智慧家用电力服务分平台可以划分为由不同电表与用户之间形成的许许多多的单一物联网单元的服务平台,智慧家用燃气服务分平台可以划分为由不同燃气表与用户之间形成的许许多多的单一物联网单元的服务平台,智慧家用热能服务分平台同样也可以划分为由不同热能表与用户之间形成的许许多多的单一物联网单元的服务平台。
5、用户分平台
如附图7所示,智慧城市用户平台是智慧城市复合物联网体系中用户享受服务的平台。智慧城市用户平台是由许许多多不同等级的用户分平台共同组成的,这些用户分平台同样也属于不同行业、不同领域的复合物联网体系,它们彼此存在相互包含、并列的关系,共同展现出人们在智慧城市中享受服务功能。
智慧城市的用户平台是多级别的,同样,可以根据行业、领域的不同,智慧城市用户平台首先可以划分为第一级的不同行业或领域的用户分平台,如智慧交通用户分平台、智慧医疗用户分平台、智慧能源用户分平台、智慧政务用户分平台、智慧环保用户分平台等等,通过不同行业或领域的用户分平台,用户可以享受到对应行业或领域物联网体系的智慧化服务功能。除了按照行业或领域划分的第一级的用户分平台,在同一行业或领域的复合物联网体系中,用户平台还可以进一步划分为第二级的用户分平台,而第二级的用户分平台也可以继续细化,形成第三级的用户分平台,以此 类推,直到最小一级的单一物联网单元的用户平台。
在智慧交通领域,整个城市的智慧交通复合物联网体系的用户平台作为智慧城市用户平台第一级的分平台,其也可以按照不同区县的智慧交通、不同街道的智慧交通进行逐级划分,即第一级的整个城市的智慧交通用户分平台可以划分为第二级的不同区县的智慧交通用户分平台;第二级的不同区县的智慧交通用户分平台又可以进一步划分为第三级的不同街道的智慧交通用户分平台;最终,不同街道的智慧交通用户分平台又可以分为许许多多的实现各种智慧化交通服务的单一物联网单元的用户平台。
在智慧医疗领域,整个城市的智慧医疗复合物联网体系的用户平台作为智慧城市用户平台第一级的分平台,其也可以按照不同区县的智慧医疗复合物联网体系、不同医院的智慧医疗复合物联网体系、同一医院不同类型的智慧医疗服务功能的物联网单元进行逐级划分,即第一级的整个城市的智慧医疗用户分平台可以划分为第二级的不同区县的智慧医疗用户分平台;第二级的不同区县的智慧医疗用户分平台又可以进一步划分为第三级的不同医院的智慧医疗用户分平台;最终,不同医院的智慧医疗用户分平台又可以根据各种不同类型的智慧医疗服务功能划分为许许多多的单一物联网单元的用户平台。
在智慧能源领域,整个城市的智慧能源用户平台作为智慧城市用户平台的第一级服务分平台,同样可以根据不同的能源类型、能源使用的不同领域、不同用户进行逐级划分,即第一级的整个城市的能源用户分平台可以按照水、电、气、热四种能源类型划分为第二级的智慧水务用户分平台、智慧电力用户分平台、智慧燃气用户分平台、智慧热能用户分平台;这些第二级的智慧能源用户分平台又可以继续划分为第三级的不同使用领域的智慧能源用户分平台,如智慧水务用户分平台可以划分为智慧公用水务用户分平台和智慧家用水务用户分平台,智慧电力用户分平台可以划分为智慧公用电力用户分平台和智慧家用电力用户分平台,智慧燃气用户分平台可以划分为智慧公用燃气用户分平台和智慧家用燃气用户分平台,智慧热能用户分平台可以划分为智慧公用热能用户分平台和智慧家用热能用户分平台;同样,这些第三级的不同使用领域的智慧能源用户分平台,又可以划分为许许多多的由单一能源终端与用户之间形成的单一物联网单元的用户平台,如智慧家用水务用户分平台可以进一步划分为由不同水表与用户 之间形成的许许多多的单一物联网单元的用户平台,智慧家用电力用户分平台可以划分为由不同电表与用户之间形成的许许多多的单一物联网单元的用户平台,智慧家用燃气用户分平台可以划分为由不同燃气表与用户之间形成的许许多多的单一物联网单元的用户平台,智慧家用热能用户分平台同样也可以划分为由不同热能表与用户之间形成的许许多多的单一物联网单元的用户平台。
除上述以外,还需要说明的是在本说明书中所谈到的“一个实施例”、“另一个实施例”、“实施例”等,指的是结合该实施例描述的具体特征、结构或者特点包括在本申请概括性描述的至少一个实施例中。在说明书中多个地方出现同种表述不是一定指的是同一个实施例。进一步来说,结合任一实施例描述一个具体特征、结构或者特点时,所要主张的是结合其他实施例来实现这种特征、结构或者特点也落在本发明的范围内。
尽管这里参照本发明的多个解释性实施例对本发明进行了描述,但是,应该理解,本领域技术人员可以设计出很多其他的修改和实施方式,这些修改和实施方式将落在本申请公开的原则范围和精神之内。更具体地说,在本申请公开、附图和权利要求的范围内,可以对主题组合布局的组成部件和/或布局进行多种变型和改进。除了对组成部件和/或布局进行的变型和改进外,对于本领域技术人员来说,其他的用途也将是明显的。

Claims (30)

  1. 一种智慧城市体系结构,其特征在于:
    所述智慧城市体系结构由至少一个智慧城市子体系组成;
    所述智慧城市体系结构包括功能体系、物理体系和信息体系;
    所述功能体系是功能的表现形式,所述信息体系是功能的实现方式,所述物理体系是功能实现的物理支撑载体;
    所述功能体系是五平台结构,分别是:对象平台、传感网络平台、管理平台、服务平台和用户平台;所述物理体系是五层结构,分别是:对象层、传感网络层、管理层、服务层和用户层;所述信息体系是五域结构,分别是:对象域、传感域、管理域、服务域和用户域;
    所述功能体系中每一平台的功能实现都有对应的物理体系中物理实体的支撑和对应信息体系中信息的运行;
    所述功能体系的对象平台对应物理体系中的对象层,并且对应所述信息体系中的对象域;所述功能体系的传感网络平台对应所述物理体系中的传感网络层,并且对应所述信息体系中的传感域;所述功能体系的管理平台对应所述物理体系中的管理层,并且对应所述信息体系中的管理域;所述功能体系的服务平台对应所述物理体系中的服务层,并且对应所述信息体系中的服务域;所述功能体系的用户平台对应所述物理体系中的用户层,并且对应所述信息体系中的用户域。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述智慧城市体系结构,其特征在于:
    所述对象平台的功能是实现感知和控制,由感知设备的感知单元感知到感知信息,实现感知功能,通过所述智慧城市体系结构的运行,经所述传感网络平台、所述管理平台和所述服务平台传输至用户,用户将所述感知信息转换为控制信息后,再经所述服务平台、所述管理平台和所述传感网络平台传输至所述对象平台的控制设备,由所述控制设备的控制单元执行控制,形成闭环的信息结构。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述智慧城市体系结构,其特征在于:
    所述智慧城市传感网络平台的功能是实现所述对象平台和所述管理平台之间的相互通信,感知设备的通信模块将感知设备获得的感知信息发送到物联网智能网关,物联网智能网关再通过公共网络将所述感知信息传输至运营商通信服务器,从而完成所述感知信息在所述传感网络平台中的通 信;运营商通信服务器通过公共网络发送控制信息到物联网智能网关,物联网智能网关再将所述控制信息发送到控制设备的通信模块,完成所述控制信息在所述传感网络平台中的通信。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述智慧城市体系结构,其特征在于:
    所述管理平台对智慧城市体系结构中的信息进行处理、存储、分类和标识解析,并且实现管理功能,为服务体系提供支撑,所述管理平台是整个智慧城市体系结构的综合管理平台;
    所述管理平台在所述信息结构中对应所述管理域,包括感知信息管理系统和控制信息管理系统,在所述物理结构中对应运营商管理服务器及与服务器相连的设施,所述管理平台是所述信息结构中的感知信息管理系统和控制信息管理系统的载体。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述智慧城市体系结构,其特征在于:
    所述服务平台是向用户提供服务并且实现服务功能的平台,包括运营商服务平台、政府公共服务平台和社会公共网络服务平台;
    所述服务平台的服务内容包括公共服务和运营商服务;
    所述智慧城市体系结构的服务平台在所述信息结构中对应所述服务域,在所述物理结构中对应三个部分的内容,一是运营商服务平台服务器,二是政府服务器,三是社会公共网络服务器。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述智慧城市体系结构,其特征在于:
    所述用户平台的功能是实现用户享受所述智慧城市体系结构服务的平台,用户利用用户端,通过人机交互,实现自身需求的输出并享受整个智慧城市体系结构的服务。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述智慧城市体系结构,其特征在于:
    所述物理体系包括对象层、传感网络层、管理层、服务层和用户层,通过各物理层之间的相互连接,形成智慧城市完整的物理体系结构,从而支撑了智慧城市信息的完整运行,最终实现智慧城市的功能。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述智慧城市体系结构,其特征在于:
    所述对象层是智慧城市中所有对象信息承载实体所在的层,所述对象层是指感知设备的感知单元和控制设备的控制单元,并且具有感知功能和控制功能。
  9. 根据权利要求7所述智慧城市体系结构,其特征在于:
    所述传感网络层包括感知设备的通信模块和控制设备的通信模块、物联网智能网关、公用网络以及运营商的通信服务器,通过由感知设备的通信模块和控制设备的通信模块、物联网智能网关、公共网络以及运营商通信服务器组成的传感网络实现与运营商管理服务器的相互通信。
  10. 根据权利要求7所述智慧城市体系结构,其特征在于:
    所述管理层的核心是服务器,包括运营商管理服务器。
  11. 根据权利要求7所述智慧城市体系结构,其特征在于:
    所述服务层包括运营商服务平台服务器、政府服务器和社会公共网络服务器。
  12. 根据权利要求7所述智慧城市体系结构,其特征在于:
    所述用户层是为用户平台的功能提供物理支撑的设施,主要包括终端设施,如移动通信终端、专用终端、互联网终端或无线局域网终端。
  13. 根据权利要求1所述智慧城市体系结构,其特征在于:
    所述信息体系的功能是实现智慧城市体系结构中信息的运行,包括对象域、传感域、管理域、服务域和用户域。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述智慧城市体系结构,其特征在于:
    所述对象域中的信息包括感知信息和控制信息,所述感知信息是源自于信息源,所述控制信息是经过智慧城市体系结构后下发的控制信息。
  15. 根据权利要求13所述智慧城市体系结构,其特征在于:
    所述传感域是智慧城市中通信信息的集合,包括感知通信信息和控制通信信息,所述感知通信信息是对所述对象域上传的感知信息进行通信的信息,由所述感知通信系统提供;所述控制通信信息是对经过所述智慧城市体系结构后下发的控制信息进行通信的信息,由所述控制信息通信系统提供。
  16. 根据权利要求13所述智慧城市体系结构,其特征在于:
    所述管理域是智慧城市中管理信息的集合,包括感知管理信息和控制管理信息;所述感知管理信息由所述感知信息管理系统提供,所述控制管理信息由所述控制信息管理系统提供;所述管理域是智慧城市有序运行的信息保障。
  17. 根据权利要求13所述智慧城市体系结构,其特征在于:
    所述服务域是智慧城市中服务信息的集合,包括感知服务信息和控制 服务信息;所述感知服务信息由运营商感知服务系统、政府感知服务系统和社会公共感知服务系统提供,所述控制服务信息由运营商控制服务系统提供。
  18. 根据权利要求13所述智慧城市体系结构,其特征在于:
    所述用户域是用户信息的集合,包括相关的用户信息。
  19. 根据权利要求2或3或8或9所述智慧城市体系结构,其特征在于:
    所述感知设备和所述控制设备可以是共同完成感知和控制的同一设备,也可以是分别完成感知和控制的不同的两种设备。
  20. 根据权利要求1所述智慧城市体系结构,其特征在于:
    所述智慧城市子体系,可以分为不同级别的智慧城市子体系,上一级的智慧城市子体系由至少一个下一级的智慧城市子体系和/或至少一个物联网体系组成,最下一级的智慧城市子体系,是由至少一个物联网体系组成。
  21. 根据权利要求20所述智慧城市体系结构,其特征在于:
    所述智慧城市子体系之间存在并列、交叉或包含的形式,在同一级别的智慧城市子体系之间是并列或交叉的关系,在不同级别的智慧城市子体系之间存在并列或交叉或包含的关系,所述交叉或包含的关系最终体现在智慧城市子体系之间具有共享信息。
  22. 根据权利要求20或21所述智慧城市体系结构,其特征在于:
    所述智慧城市子体系和物联网体系,也包括功能体系、物理体系和信息体系;
    所述功能体系是所述智慧城市子体系或物联网体系功能的表现形式,所述信息体系是所述智慧城市子体系或物联网体系功能的实现方式,所述物理体系是所述智慧城市子体系或物联网体系功能实现的物理支撑载体;
    所述功能体系是五平台结构,分别是:对象平台、传感网络平台、管理平台、服务平台和用户平台;所述物理体系是五层结构,分别是:对象层、传感网络层、管理层、服务层和用户层;所述信息体系是五域结构,分别是:对象域、传感域、管理域、服务域和用户域;
    所述功能体系中每一平台的功能实现都有对应的物理体系中物理实体的支撑和信息体系中信息的运行;
    所述功能体系的对象平台对应所述物理体系中的对象层,并且对应所述信息体系中的对象域;所述功能体系的传感网络平台对应所述物理体系中的传感网络层,并且对应所述信息体系中的传感域;所述功能体系的管理平台对应所述物理体系中的管理层,并且对应所述信息体系中的管理域;所述功能体系的服务平台对应所述物理体系中的服务层,并且对应所述信息体系中的服务域;所述功能体系的用户平台对应所述物理体系中的用户层,并且对应所述信息体系中的用户域。
  23. 根据权利要求1所述智慧城市体系结构,其特征在于:
    所述智慧城市体系结构具有开放性,智慧城市功能体系中的对象平台、传感网络平台、管理平台、服务平台和用户平台分别包括多个对象分平台、传感网络分平台、管理分平台、服务分平台和用户分平台。
  24. 根据权利要求23所述智慧城市体系结构,其特征在于:
    所述智慧城市功能体系中的各分平台,分为不同级别的分平台,上一级的分平台由至少一个下一级的分平台和/或至少一个物联网体系的功能平台组成,最下一级的分平台,是由至少一个物联网体系的功能平台组成。
  25. 根据权利要求24所述智慧城市体系结构,其特征在于:
    所述智慧城市功能体系中的各分平台之间存在并列或包含的形式,在同一级别的分平台之间是并列的关系,在不同级别的分平台之间存在并列或交叉或包含的关系,所述交叉或包含的关系最终体现在分平台之间具有共享信息。
  26. 根据权利要求24或25所述智慧城市体系结构,其特征在于:
    所述多个对象分平台共同组成智慧城市对象平台,共同展现出智慧城市的全面感知和控制功能;所述对象分平台分为不同级别的对象分平台,上一级的对象分平台由至少一个下一级的对象分平台和/或至少一个单一物联网体系的对象平台组成,最下一级的对象分平台由至少一个单一物联网体系的对象平台组成。
  27. 根据权利要求24或25所述智慧城市体系结构,其特征在于:
    所述多个传感网络分平台共同组成智慧城市传感网络平台,实现智慧城市体系结构中所述对象平台与所述管理平台之间感知信息和控制信息的通信;所述传感网络分平台分为不同级别的传感网络分平台,上一级的传感网络分平台由至少一个下一级的传感网络分平台和/或至少一个单一物 联网体系的传感网络平台组成,最下一级的传感网络分平台由至少一个单一物联网体系的传感网络平台组成。
  28. 根据权利要求24或25所述智慧城市体系结构,其特征在于:
    所述多个管理分平台共同组成智慧城市管理平台,实现智慧城市体系结构中城市综合管理;所述管理分平台分为不同级别的管理分平台,上一级的管理分平台由至少一个下一级的管理分平台和/或至少一个单一物联网体系的管理平台组成,最下一级的管理分平台由至少一个单一物联网体系的管理平台组成。
  29. 根据权利要求24或25所述智慧城市体系结构,其特征在于:
    所述多个服务分平台共同组成智慧城市服务平台,实现智慧城市服务功能;所述服务分平台分为不同级别的服务分平台,上一级的服务分平台由至少一个下一级的服务分平台和/或至少一个单一物联网体系的服务平台组成,最下一级的服务分平台由至少一个单一物联网体系的服务平台组成。
  30. 根据权利要求24或25所述智慧城市体系结构,其特征在于:
    所述多个用户分平台共同组成智慧城市用户平台,实现智慧城市为用户提供服务的功能;所述用户分平台分为不同级别的用户分平台,上一级的用户分平台由至少一个下一级的用户分平台和/或至少一个单一物联网体系的用户平台组成,最下一级的用户分平台由至少一个单一物联网体系的用户平台组成。
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