WO2018026298A1 - Four a turbulences - Google Patents

Four a turbulences Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018026298A1
WO2018026298A1 PCT/RU2016/000505 RU2016000505W WO2018026298A1 WO 2018026298 A1 WO2018026298 A1 WO 2018026298A1 RU 2016000505 W RU2016000505 W RU 2016000505W WO 2018026298 A1 WO2018026298 A1 WO 2018026298A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
furnace
fuel
coal
raw coal
combustion chamber
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/RU2016/000505
Other languages
English (en)
Russian (ru)
Inventor
Феликс Залманович ФИНКЕР
Original Assignee
Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "Политехэнерго"
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "Политехэнерго" filed Critical Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "Политехэнерго"
Priority to PCT/RU2016/000505 priority Critical patent/WO2018026298A1/fr
Publication of WO2018026298A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018026298A1/fr

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23K—FEEDING FUEL TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS
    • F23K1/00—Preparation of lump or pulverulent fuel in readiness for delivery to combustion apparatus

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a power system, and more precisely, to vortex furnaces of boiler plants, and can be used both for their modernization and for the creation of new ones.
  • Known are typical industrially used devices for burning fuel containing a combustion chamber with systems for supplying fuel and air, igniting a combustible mixture, and flues for removing heat carrier.
  • coal furnaces It is traditionally believed that the greatest efficiency of coal furnaces is achieved by burning coal in the form of coal dust.
  • the fuel is pre-dried and crushed with the separators fully turned on, i.e. by returning large particles of fuel to the mantle, as well as by thorough mixing of fuel and air in the burners. This ensures a high rate of ignition, combustion and burning of fuel particles.
  • Coal dust ignites near the exit of the burner, with the formation of flue gases, mainly triatomic ( ⁇ 0 2 , S0 2 and ⁇ 2 0). It is known that [“Thermal Calculation of Boilers”, ed. 3, revised and supplemented by NPO CKTI, 1998, p. 34], these gases have an intermittent emission spectrum, and the use of highly ground and dried fuel leads to an even greater increase in radiation selectivity, because such small particles of coal, like gases, emit thermal energy in certain, relatively narrow bands of the spectrum. Such a radiation source may have a very high temperature in the core. However, its radiation with the distance from the core is attenuated by the internal environment of the combustion chamber filled with unburned particles of coal dust.
  • the temperature at the periphery of the volume of the combustion chamber may be relatively low. Radiation is also attenuated by contaminants formed on the thermal radiation receiver - the thermal screens of the combustion chamber. In addition, during the preparation and grinding of fuel, not only coal is crushed, but also mineral particles, always present in coal.
  • the closest to the set of essential features of the claimed utility model is the design of a vortex low-emission furnace (patent of the Russian Federation -N ° 2067724 priority 29.12.94, publ. 10.10.96), containing a combustion chamber (furnace chamber) with at least one inclined mounted on its wall down burner for supplying the air-fuel mixture and the lower blast input device (lower blast) located under the mouth of the cold funnel.
  • Burner devices are made in the form of at least two channels, located one above the other, for supplying the air-fuel mixture with regulation of the “fuel-air” ratio and with the separation of crushed fuel into fractions using a divider.
  • the lower channel is inclined more steeply and through it the supply of coarsely ground fuel with an air supply of cc ⁇ 1 is organized, and the upper channel serves to supply secondary air together with fine dust with a> 1.
  • the thermal efficiency is higher compared to conventional chamber furnaces, as the concentration of solid burning particles is higher due to the separation of the fuel down.
  • the process of circulation of large particles in the furnace space functions only in the lower part of the furnace, in the zone of low temperatures.
  • the high-temperature and low-temperature zones inside the combustion chamber are separated.
  • the low temperature in the vortex zone makes it difficult to ignite large particles of fuel.
  • the basis of the present invention of the model is the task of creating a furnace with high thermal efficiency, by increasing the heat perception of the furnace screens while maintaining a high temperature afterburning zone and a low temperature zone of increased heat transfer with improved sulfur bonding and reducing conditions of ⁇ ⁇ destruction, reduced slagging and increased economic characteristics due to reduced preparation costs fuel.
  • a vortex furnace including a combustion chamber having a cold funnel with a lower blast connected at the bottom of the specified cold funnel, at least two channels for supplying fuel to the combustion chamber, at least one of which is connected to the dust preparation system , and the raw coal hopper, in accordance with the invention, at least one of the other said channels communicates directly with the raw coal hopper, bypassing the dust preparation system, and is inclined at an angle exceeding the EU angle slope so that the raw coal enters the furnace by gravity.
  • the feed channel for raw coal was equipped with a means for supplying sulfur-binding sorbent.
  • the furnace may be further provided with means for controlling the ratio of pulverized coal and crude fuel supplied to the furnace.
  • means for controlling the ratio of pulverized coal and crude fuel supplied to the furnace By changing the ratio of the quantities of small and large coal particles supplied to the furnace, providing the total heat transfer caused by the inefficient radiation of the generated flue gases from the combustion of small particles and the effective emission of larger solid particles, for example, depending on the temperature of the flue gases at the exit of the furnace, according to environmental and economic indicators, as well as the conditions for ensuring the speed of fuel particles in the air flow of the lower blast, it is possible to provide the most efficient mode of operation of the top and. At the same time, the operation of the furnace in the most efficient mode can be ensured by using fuel with different characteristics: humidity, mineral components, etc.
  • the vortex furnace includes a combustion chamber 1, a cold funnel 2 with a lower blast 3 connected in the lower part, a first channel for supplying fuel with a burner device 4 connected to a dust preparation system 5 (mill).
  • the raw coal hopper 6 is connected via a pipeline 7 to a dust preparation system 5 and through a second channel 8 for supplying fuel to the combustion chamber.
  • the channel 8 for supplying fuel is inclined at an angle to the horizon, exceeding the angle of repose.
  • the angle of repose depending on the size, humidity and other characteristics of the fuel used in a particular case can be found in the reference literature.
  • Crude fuel through the channel 8 for supplying fuel is fed into the combustion chamber by gravity, without additional air supply.
  • the drawing shows option of channel arrangement one above the other.
  • the location and inclination of the channel for supplying air-gas mixture is determined by the design of a particular furnace device according to the ignition conditions, the channels can be spaced both vertically and horizontally.
  • Channel 8 for supplying fuel is equipped with means for supplying a sorbent (not shown in the drawing).
  • Sorbent for sulfur binding can also be supplied to / and into the raw coal hopper, and / or together with the fuel supplied to the power station, and or to the pipeline 7 in front of the dust preparation system.
  • the furnace is equipped with a means 9 for regulating the ratio of the amount of pulverized coal and crude fuel supplied to the furnace.
  • the tool 9 may be performed in any suitable manner.
  • the prepared dried and crushed fuel mixed with air in the amount of "b ⁇ " enters the upper zone through the burner 4, mainly with a fraction size of less than 1 mm (uo ⁇ 2), and fuel enters the lower low-temperature zone from the hopper 6 with a fraction size greater than 1 mm in the amount of "L"(R-> 2) without preparation and grinding, in a given value of b 2 (R 10 ( > 2) ⁇
  • the proposed design of the furnace provides efficient heat perception of heat shields during coal combustion, increases the unpacked capacity of the boiler unit and its maintainability, and also provides an increase in the economic characteristics of the furnace due to lower costs for grinding and fuel preparation.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention se rapporte au domaine de la production thermique d'électricité et, plus précisément, concerne des fours à turbulences d'installations de chaudière et peut être utilisée pour la modernisation ainsi que la construction de neuf. Ce four à turbulences comprend une chambre de four comprenant une trémie froide avec un soufflage inférieur connecté dans la partie inférieure de ladite trémie froide, et au moins deux canaux d'alimentation en combustible pour la chambre de four. Au moins un des canaux est connecté à un système de pulvérisation. L'autre canal communique directement avec une soute de charbon brut, en contournant le système de pulvérisation, et est incliné à un angle supérieur à l'angle de pente naturelle du combustible de sorte que le charbon brut entre dans le four par écoulement naturel. Le canal d'alimentation en charbon brut peut comporter un moyen d'alimentation en sorbant liant le soufre. Le four peut comprendre un moyen de régulation de la proportion relative de combustible de type charbon broyé et brut que l'on envoie dans le four. Cette structure de four à turbulences assure une absorption thermique efficace des écrans thermiques lors de la combustion du charbon, une puissance accrue et sans scories du système de chaudière et son aptitude aux réparations, et offre de meilleure caractéristiques économiques du four grâce à une diminution des dépenses pour le broyage et la préparation du carburant. FIG.
PCT/RU2016/000505 2016-08-04 2016-08-04 Four a turbulences WO2018026298A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/RU2016/000505 WO2018026298A1 (fr) 2016-08-04 2016-08-04 Four a turbulences

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/RU2016/000505 WO2018026298A1 (fr) 2016-08-04 2016-08-04 Four a turbulences

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2018026298A1 true WO2018026298A1 (fr) 2018-02-08

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/RU2016/000505 WO2018026298A1 (fr) 2016-08-04 2016-08-04 Four a turbulences

Country Status (1)

Country Link
WO (1) WO2018026298A1 (fr)

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SU989249A1 (ru) * 1981-07-24 1983-01-15 Белорусский Филиал Государственного Научно-Исследовательского Энергетического Института Им.Г.М.Кржижановского Котельный агрегат
RU2107223C1 (ru) * 1996-08-15 1998-03-20 МГВП "Политехэнерго" Топка
RU2013137364A (ru) * 2013-08-08 2015-02-20 Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "Политехэнерго" Универсальная вихревая финкер-топка
RU2014124317A (ru) * 2014-06-11 2015-12-20 Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "Политехэнерго" Универсальная вихревая финкер-топка

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SU989249A1 (ru) * 1981-07-24 1983-01-15 Белорусский Филиал Государственного Научно-Исследовательского Энергетического Института Им.Г.М.Кржижановского Котельный агрегат
RU2107223C1 (ru) * 1996-08-15 1998-03-20 МГВП "Политехэнерго" Топка
RU2013137364A (ru) * 2013-08-08 2015-02-20 Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "Политехэнерго" Универсальная вихревая финкер-топка
RU2014124317A (ru) * 2014-06-11 2015-12-20 Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "Политехэнерго" Универсальная вихревая финкер-топка

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