WO2018019183A1 - 发动机水温控制方法及装置 - Google Patents
发动机水温控制方法及装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2018019183A1 WO2018019183A1 PCT/CN2017/093836 CN2017093836W WO2018019183A1 WO 2018019183 A1 WO2018019183 A1 WO 2018019183A1 CN 2017093836 W CN2017093836 W CN 2017093836W WO 2018019183 A1 WO2018019183 A1 WO 2018019183A1
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- engine
- water
- cooling system
- water temperature
- heat
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01P7/00—Controlling of coolant flow
- F01P7/14—Controlling of coolant flow the coolant being liquid
- F01P7/16—Controlling of coolant flow the coolant being liquid by thermostatic control
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01P7/00—Controlling of coolant flow
- F01P7/14—Controlling of coolant flow the coolant being liquid
- F01P7/16—Controlling of coolant flow the coolant being liquid by thermostatic control
- F01P7/167—Controlling of coolant flow the coolant being liquid by thermostatic control by adjusting the pre-set temperature according to engine parameters, e.g. engine load, engine speed
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01P7/00—Controlling of coolant flow
- F01P7/02—Controlling of coolant flow the coolant being cooling-air
- F01P7/04—Controlling of coolant flow the coolant being cooling-air by varying pump speed, e.g. by changing pump-drive gear ratio
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01P7/00—Controlling of coolant flow
- F01P7/14—Controlling of coolant flow the coolant being liquid
- F01P7/16—Controlling of coolant flow the coolant being liquid by thermostatic control
- F01P7/161—Controlling of coolant flow the coolant being liquid by thermostatic control by bypassing pumps
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01P7/00—Controlling of coolant flow
- F01P7/14—Controlling of coolant flow the coolant being liquid
- F01P7/16—Controlling of coolant flow the coolant being liquid by thermostatic control
- F01P7/164—Controlling of coolant flow the coolant being liquid by thermostatic control by varying pump speed
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01P2025/00—Measuring
- F01P2025/08—Temperature
- F01P2025/13—Ambient temperature
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01P2025/00—Measuring
- F01P2025/08—Temperature
- F01P2025/32—Engine outcoming fluid temperature
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01P2050/00—Applications
- F01P2050/22—Motor-cars
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01P2050/00—Applications
- F01P2050/24—Hybrid vehicles
Definitions
- the present invention relates to the field of vehicle control, and in particular to an engine water temperature control method and an engine water temperature control device.
- the water temperature plays an important role in the fuel consumption and emissions of the engine.
- the cooling system is the main function system for the vehicle to control the engine water temperature. It realizes the direct adjustment of the transmitter water temperature through the controllable components.
- the current common control method is to directly control based on the current water temperature, for example, when the water temperature reaches a certain upper limit or lower limit, a certain gear of a controllable component of the cooling system is started.
- the vehicle cooling system is a “large lag” system. Based on this water temperature control method, “overshoot” or “undershoot” is likely to occur, causing the water temperature to fluctuate back and forth.
- an object of the embodiments of the present invention is to provide an engine water temperature control method and an engine water temperature control device, which can accurately control the engine water temperature and achieve rapid and stable water temperature.
- the embodiment of the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:
- An engine water temperature control method includes the following steps:
- the water temperature change function of the engine water outlet temperature and time is determined according to the collected engine water outlet temperature and the collection time corresponding to each engine outlet water temperature;
- the cooling system performance parameter under the water temperature change function is determined, and the controllable components of the cooling system are controlled according to the cooling system performance parameter.
- An engine water temperature control device includes:
- a temperature collecting module configured to collect an engine water outlet temperature according to a predetermined time step
- the water temperature function determining module is configured to determine the engine water temperature and time according to the collected engine water temperature and the collection time of each engine water temperature when the temperature collecting module collects more than or equal to a predetermined number of engine water outlet temperatures.
- Water temperature change function
- a performance parameter determining module configured to determine a cooling system performance parameter under the water temperature change function
- control module for controlling the controllable components of the cooling system according to the cooling system performance parameter.
- the water temperature change function of the engine water temperature and time is determined by collecting the engine water outlet temperature based on the collected engine water outlet temperature and the acquisition time, thereby determining the cooling under the water temperature change function.
- 1 is a schematic flow chart of an engine water temperature control method in an embodiment
- FIG. 2 is a schematic flow chart of an engine water temperature control method in another embodiment
- FIG. 3 is a schematic flow chart of an engine water temperature control method in a specific example
- FIG. 4 is a schematic logic diagram of an engine water temperature control method in a specific example
- Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of a water temperature control curve using conventional techniques
- FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a water temperature change curve according to a method of an embodiment of the present invention.
- Fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of an engine water temperature control device in an embodiment.
- FIG. 1 A schematic flow chart of an engine water temperature control method in one embodiment is shown in FIG. 1;
- Step S101 collecting an engine outlet water temperature according to a predetermined time step
- Step S102 When collecting the engine water outlet temperature greater than or equal to the predetermined number, determining a water temperature change function of the engine water outlet temperature and time according to the collected engine water outlet temperature and the collection time corresponding to each engine water outlet temperature;
- Step S103 determining a cooling system performance parameter under the water temperature change function, and controlling the controllable component of the cooling system according to the cooling system performance parameter.
- the water temperature change function of the engine water temperature and time is determined by collecting the engine water outlet temperature based on the collected engine water outlet temperature and the acquisition time, thereby determining the cooling under the water temperature change function.
- step S102 if the accuracy of the collected engine water outlet temperature meets the requirements, after determining the water temperature change function in the above step S102, the process may directly proceed to step S103 to determine the cooling system performance parameter under the water temperature change function determined in step S102.
- the cooling system performance parameter may be determined again if the water temperature change function meets the requirements.
- FIG. 2 is a flow chart showing an engine water temperature control method in another embodiment. Based on the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 above, the embodiment determines cooling after the water temperature change function meets the requirements. System performance parameters are described as an example.
- the engine water temperature control method in this embodiment includes:
- Step S201 collecting an engine outlet water temperature according to a predetermined time step, and collecting an engine water outlet temperature greater than or equal to a predetermined number;
- Step S202 determining a water temperature change function of the engine water temperature and time according to the collected engine water outlet temperature and the collection time corresponding to each engine water outlet temperature, wherein the data fitting method herein may be any Possible ways, such as least squares method, interpolation method, etc., the embodiment of the present invention does not limit the specific manner of data fitting;
- Step S203 reading the target water temperature in the current working condition and the demand time to reach the target water temperature, and determining whether the relationship between the target water temperature and the demand time meets the water temperature change function; If not, return to step S202, and re-use the data fitting method to determine a new water temperature change function, if yes, proceed to step S204;
- Step S204 determining a cooling system performance parameter under the water temperature change function, and controlling the controllable component of the cooling system according to the cooling system performance parameter.
- the above cooling system performance parameters can be set in combination with actual needs.
- the cooling system performance parameters described above may include engine heating power, cooling system heat dissipation coefficient, and heat capacity of the cooling system.
- the controllable components of the cooling system described above may include a fan, a thermostat, and a water pump.
- control manner in a specific example may include:
- the cooling system heat capacity calibration MAP map of the thermostat position and the heat capacity of the cooling system respectively outputs control signals for controlling the fan, the thermostat and the water pump.
- the above-mentioned calibration heating power calibration MAP map, heat dissipation coefficient calibration MAP map, cooling system heat capacity calibration MAP map can be obtained by calibrating the cooling system performance parameters before actually collecting the engine outlet water temperature.
- the way to calibrate engine heating power can be:
- Inlet water temperature, outlet water temperature and water flow rate and according to the relationship between engine heating power and heat sink component water inlet temperature, heat sink component water discharge temperature, water flow rate, water specific heat capacity and water density, determine the engine speed and engine
- the calorific value of the torque and based on the determined heat generation and the corresponding inlet water temperature, outlet water temperature and water flow rate, form a calibration MAP map of the engine heating power, the heat sink component water inlet temperature, the heat sink component water outlet temperature, and the water flow rate.
- a MAP map is a data graph obtained after testing, which indicates another parameter in the case of different values of multiple variables (usually two). Or the distribution of several other parameters. Therefore, the heating power calibration MAP map here is actually based on the data curve of the engine heating power, the heat sink component inlet water temperature, the heat sink component water outlet temperature, and the water flow rate obtained after the above test, which is characterized by the above water flow rate. The distribution of engine heating power in the case of different heat sink component water inlet temperature and heat sink component water outlet temperature.
- the relationship between the engine heating power and the heat sink component water inlet temperature, the heat sink component water outlet temperature, the water flow rate, the specific heat capacity of the water, and the water density may be:
- C is the engine heating power
- Q is the water flow
- ⁇ is the water density.
- T in is the water inlet temperature of the heat sink
- T out is the water temperature of the heat sink.
- the method of calibrating the heat dissipation coefficient of the cooling system may be: maintaining the engine heating power unchanged, maintaining the vehicle speed of the vehicle where the engine is located, the opening degree of the thermostat being fully open, and setting the respective pump speeds and According to the principle of heat balance, the cooling coefficient of the cooling system corresponding to each pump speed and fan is determined according to the principle of heat balance, and the fan speed and the pump speed corresponding to the heat dissipation coefficient of each cooling system are determined based on the principle of the lowest energy consumption of the pump and the fan, and a calibration cooling system is formed. The heat dissipation coefficient, the vehicle speed, the fan speed, and the heat dissipation coefficient of the pump speed are calibrated to the MAP map.
- the heat dissipation coefficient calibration MAP map is actually based on the data curve of the cooling system heat dissipation coefficient, vehicle speed, fan speed and water pump speed obtained after the above test, which characterizes different speeds, fan speeds, The distribution of the cooling coefficient of the cooling system in the case of the pump speed. Since four parameters are involved here, in a specific application, it can be represented by a 4-dimensional MAP map.
- the heat balance principle may be: a difference in variation of the system water temperature within a predetermined time period is less than or equal to 1 degree Celsius; and determining a cooling system heat dissipation coefficient corresponding to each water pump speed and the fan according to the heat balance principle The way can be:
- C is the engine heating power
- A is the cooling system heat dissipation coefficient
- T water is the water temperature
- T air is the ambient temperature
- n fan is the fan speed
- n pump is the pump speed
- V is the vehicle speed.
- the heat capacity of the cooling system may be calibrated by: controlling the thermostat to close the large circulation loop in the warm-up position, maintaining the vehicle speed, the pump speed, the fan speed, and the engine heating during the engine water temperature rise.
- the power is constant, based on the heat conservation relationship, the heat capacity of the cooling system corresponding to each set thermostat position is measured; under the cooling gear, the control thermostat opens the large circulation circuit to maintain the vehicle speed, the pump speed, and the fan. The rotational speed and the heating power of the engine are unchanged.
- the heat capacity of the cooling system corresponding to each set thermostat position is measured; according to the cooling system corresponding to each thermostat position set in the warm gear
- the heat capacity of the cooling system corresponding to the position of the thermostat set under the heat capacity and the cooling gear forms a heat capacity calibration MAP map of the cooling system corresponding to the heat capacity of the cooling system.
- the cooling system heat capacity calibration MAP map here is actually based on the data curve of the heat capacity and the temperature regulator position of the cooling system obtained after the above test, which is characterized by different thermostat positions. The distribution of heat capacity of the cooling system below.
- C is the engine heating power
- A is the cooling system heat dissipation coefficient
- T water is the water temperature
- T air is the ambient temperature
- C p is the heat capacity of the cooling system.
- the performance parameters of the cooling system need to be first calibrated.
- the performance parameters of the cooling system that need to be calibrated may include: fan speed, thermostat opening, pump flow, heat capacity of the cooling system, and engine heating power.
- calibration can be performed by means of a single variable method.
- the fan speed, the thermostat opening, the pump flow rate, the heat capacity of the cooling system can be kept constant (certain), and the engine speed and output torque are kept constant (by using the ordinary engine performance test)
- the gantry can ensure that the engine speed and output torque are in a constant state), respectively detecting the inlet water temperature, the outlet water temperature and the water flow of the water side of the heat dissipating component (mainly the radiator), and passing the lower Engine heating power and dispersion given by equation (1)
- the relationship between the inlet temperature of the hot component, the outlet temperature of the heat dissipating component, the water flow rate, the specific heat capacity of the water, and the density of the water determines the calorific value with each engine speed and engine torque, that is, each engine speed and transmitter torque are tested.
- a C value of engine heating power is obtained, thereby forming a MAP map of the heating power of the calibrated engine heating power, the heat sink component water inlet temperature, the heat sink component water outlet temperature, and the water flow rate.
- the engine speed can be set at intervals of 500 rpm
- the engine torque can be set at 10% intervals.
- C is the engine heating power
- Q is the water flow
- ⁇ is the water density.
- T in is the water inlet temperature of the heat sink
- T out is the water temperature of the heat sink.
- the engine heating power can be kept constant (certain)
- the vehicle speed of the vehicle where the engine is located is kept constant (certain)
- the opening degree of the thermostat is fully open
- the set speed of each pump is
- the cooling system cooling coefficient corresponding to each pump speed and fan is determined according to the principle of heat balance, that is, the pump speed and the fan speed are respectively used as variables, according to the principle of heat balance (the difference of the system water temperature within the predetermined time period is less than or equal to 1 degree Celsius, for example, the system water temperature change within 10 minutes does not exceed ⁇ 1 ° C), and the system heat dissipation coefficient A corresponding to different pump speeds and fan speeds is obtained, which is specifically given by the following formula (2).
- n fan and n pump of different system heat exchange requirements can be determined.
- the form of the function f() can be directly described by the form of a 4-dimensional MAP map, and the independent variables are the vehicle speed, n fan , and n pump .
- C is the engine heating power
- A is the cooling system heat dissipation coefficient
- T water is the water temperature
- T air is the ambient temperature
- n fan is the fan speed
- n pump is the pump speed
- V is the vehicle speed.
- the engine heating power, the vehicle speed, the pump speed and the fan speed are kept constant, and the measurement is obtained.
- the heat capacity of the cooling system corresponding to the position of the different thermostats.
- the thermostat is generally set in two gear positions: warm machine and cooling gear. In the warm machine condition, the thermostat closes the large circulation circuit to achieve rapid warming; under the cooling condition, the thermostat completely opens the large circulation valve. Increase as much as possible Circulating flow.
- the two gears need to be separately calibrated.
- the specific one may be:
- the thermostat In the warm machine, the thermostat is controlled to close the large circulation loop. During the engine water temperature rise, the vehicle speed, the pump speed, the fan speed, and the engine heating power are kept unchanged. Based on the heat conservation relationship, the set temperature adjustment is measured. The heat capacity of the cooling system corresponding to the position of the device;
- the thermostat In the cooling gear, the thermostat is controlled to open the large circulation circuit, keeping the vehicle speed, the pump speed, the fan speed, and the heating power of the engine unchanged. Based on the heat conservation relationship, the cooling corresponding to each set thermostat position is measured.
- the heat capacity of the system
- the calibrated thermostat position and cooling system are formed according to the heat capacity of the cooling system corresponding to the position of the thermostat set under the warm-up gear and the heat capacity of the cooling system corresponding to the position of the thermostat set under the cooling gear.
- C is the engine heating power
- A is the cooling system heat dissipation coefficient
- T water is the water temperature
- T air is the ambient temperature
- C p is the heat capacity of the cooling system.
- the process of calibrating the performance parameters of the cooling system may be performed in advance, for example, calibration in the performance test process before leaving the factory, calibration of the heating power calibration MAP map, heat dissipation coefficient calibration MAP map, cooling system heat capacity calibration MAP map, etc. It can be placed in the engine or in the vehicle where the engine is located, so that it can be used during actual engine operation.
- the engine outlet temperature is collected every predetermined time step, and the predetermined time step can be set in combination with actual needs, and the engine outlet temperature greater than or equal to the predetermined number is collected.
- the predetermined number can be set in combination with actual needs, and in a specific example, the predetermined number can be 30.
- the water temperature change function of the engine water temperature and time is determined. Specifically, the current engine water temperature T and time t can be solved by the following formula (4).
- the water temperature change function T f(t).
- T is the water temperature
- C 1 is the initial variable
- C 1 ⁇ 0 means the process of describing the water temperature rise
- C 1 >0 means the process of describing the water temperature drop
- c p is the heat capacity of the cooling system
- t is the time
- C is the engine Heating power
- A represents the system heat dissipation coefficient
- Tamt represents the ambient temperature.
- the ambient temperature Tamt can be detected by the ambient temperature sensor provided by the vehicle. Therefore, the equation (4) includes four variables: C 1 , A, C p and C.
- the water temperature change function can be determined based on the four engine outlet water temperatures collected in the most recent time.
- the frequency of water temperature acquisition of the engine control system of the vehicle is generally high (generally up to 10 Hz)
- engine effluent larger than or equal to a predetermined number generally collected data of not less than 30
- the water temperature change function of the engine water temperature and time is determined by data fitting.
- the data fitting method here can be any In a possible manner, such as least squares method, interpolation method, etc., the embodiment of the present invention does not limit the specific manner of data fitting.
- the current state can be solved based on the current state.
- the water temperature change function is processed for subsequent processing.
- the cooling system performance parameters under the water temperature change function can be determined by using the following equations (5) and (6), including: engine heating power, cooling system heat dissipation coefficient, and cooling system heat capacity. And other constant terms.
- t(0) is the time required for the system to collect data and complete the system hardware response.
- Control signals (such as PWM duty cycle signal, number of pulses for servo motors, etc.) to achieve the above-mentioned requirements of engine heating power C, cooling system heat dissipation coefficient A, cooling system heat capacity c p, and the like.
- the schematic logic diagram of the engine water temperature control method in the above specific example can be as shown in FIG. 4. After acquiring the water temperature signal, based on whether it is in a cooling gear greater than 90 ° C or in a warm state of less than or equal to 90 ° C, a position control signal for the thermostat can be output.
- the engine heating power C value can be obtained based on the calibrated MAP, and the water temperature conversion function can be obtained by combining the collected water temperature signal and the ambient temperature, and the target can be combined with the target.
- the water temperature and target time determine whether the target water temperature and target time are met.
- control signals for the water pump and the fan can be determined based on the current water temperature change function and output.
- the water temperature change function and the heat dissipation coefficient A that meet the requirements are solved according to the current vehicle speed, and when the calculated heat dissipation coefficient A is less than or equal to the maximum heat dissipation coefficient threshold [A]max, Taking the obtained heat dissipation coefficient as the determined heat dissipation coefficient A', the maximum heat dissipation coefficient threshold [A]max is determined when the calculated heat dissipation coefficient A is greater than the maximum heat dissipation coefficient threshold [A]max.
- the heat dissipation coefficient A' is determined based on the determined heat dissipation coefficient A', combined with the calibrated heating power calibration MAP map, the heat dissipation coefficient calibration MAP map, the cooling system heat capacity calibration MAP map, and the control signals for the water pump and the fan are determined and output.
- FIG. 5 shows a schematic diagram of a water temperature control curve of the conventional technology
- FIG. 6 shows a schematic diagram of a water temperature variation curve according to the method of the embodiment of the present invention. Comparing FIG. 5 with FIG. 6 can obtain It is known that the water temperature curve of the traditional method will fluctuate around a certain range of the target water temperature, and the target water temperature cannot be fully realized. Moreover, as the system continuously adjusts the adjustable parts, it will have an impact on the parts and vehicles.
- the method of the embodiment of the present invention calculates the water temperature change trend of the demand by collecting the water temperature signal, and solves the specific control parameters to quickly and accurately achieve the optimal water temperature requirement of the system.
- an embodiment of the present invention further provides an engine water temperature control device.
- a schematic structural view of an engine water temperature control device in one embodiment is shown in FIG.
- the engine water temperature control device in this embodiment includes:
- a temperature collecting module 701 configured to collect an engine water outlet temperature according to a predetermined time step
- the water temperature function determining module 702 is configured to determine an engine water outlet temperature according to the collected engine water outlet temperature and the collection time of each engine water outlet temperature when the temperature collecting module collects greater than or equal to a predetermined number of engine water outlet temperatures. Time water temperature change function;
- a performance parameter determining module 703, configured to determine a cooling system performance parameter under the water temperature change function
- the control module 704 is configured to control the controllable components of the cooling system according to the cooling system performance parameter.
- the engine water temperature is determined, and the water temperature change of the engine water temperature and time is determined based on the collected engine water temperature and the collection time.
- the function determines the cooling system performance parameters under the water temperature change function, and controls the controllable components of the cooling system accordingly, so that the components of the cooling system can be controlled in advance, and the precise control of the engine water temperature can be realized.
- the water temperature is fast and stable.
- the temperature acquisition module 701 also collects ambient temperature.
- the water temperature function determining module 702 may determine the water temperature change function according to the collected engine water outlet temperature, the collection time corresponding to each engine water outlet temperature, and the ambient temperature.
- the water temperature change function determined by the water temperature function determining module 702 may directly determine the cooling system performance parameter under the water temperature change function by the performance parameter determining module 703.
- the cooling system performance parameter may be determined again if the water temperature change function meets the requirements.
- the apparatus in this embodiment may further include a consistency determining module 705.
- the consistency determining module 705 is configured to read the target water temperature in the current working condition and the required time to reach the target water temperature, and determine whether the relationship between the target water temperature and the demand time meets the water temperature change. function.
- the water temperature function determining module 702 determines the water temperature change function by using a data fitting method for each engine water outlet temperature and an acquisition time corresponding to each engine water outlet temperature, and when the determination result of the consistency determination module 705 is negative.
- the water temperature change function is determined by re-using data fitting for each engine water outlet temperature and the collection time corresponding to each engine water outlet temperature.
- the performance parameter determination module 703 determines the cooling system performance parameter under the water temperature change function when the determination result of the consistency determination module 705 is YES.
- the cooling system performance parameters described above may include engine heating power, cooling system heat dissipation coefficient, and heat capacity of the cooling system.
- the controllable components of the cooling system described above may include a fan, a thermostat, and a water pump.
- control module 704 controls the controllable components of the cooling system according to the cooling system performance parameter, according to the calibrated engine heating power, the heat sink component water inlet temperature, and the heat dissipating component
- the MAP map of the heating power calibration of the outlet water temperature and the water flow rate, the calibrated cooling system cooling coefficient, the vehicle speed, the fan speed, the heat dissipation coefficient of the pump speed, the MAP map, and the cooling of the corresponding position of the calibrated thermostat and the heat capacity of the cooling system The system heat capacity calibration MAP map outputs control signals for controlling the fan, thermostat and water pump respectively.
- the above-mentioned calibration heating power calibration MAP map, heat dissipation coefficient calibration MAP map, cooling system heat capacity calibration MAP map can be obtained by calibrating the cooling system performance parameters before actually collecting the engine outlet water temperature.
- the apparatus in this embodiment may further include a parameter calibration module 700 for calibrating the cooling system performance parameters of the engine, the cooling system performance parameters including: engine heating power, cooling system cooling Coefficient and heat capacity of the cooling system.
- the parameter calibration module 700 can calibrate the engine heating power by: maintaining the fan speed, the thermostat opening degree, the pump flow rate, the heat capacity of the cooling system, and the engine speed and the output torque are in a constant state, at the set Under the engine speed and engine torque, the inlet water temperature, the outlet water temperature and the water flow rate of the water side of the heat dissipating component are respectively detected, and according to the engine heating power and the heat sink component water inlet temperature, the heat dissipating component water outlet temperature, the water flow rate, the specific heat capacity of the water, and the water.
- the relationship between the density and the calorific value of each engine speed and engine torque, and according to the determined heat generation and the corresponding inlet water temperature, outlet water temperature and water flow rate, the calibration engine heating power and the heat sink component water are formed.
- the relationship between the engine heating power and the heat sink component water inlet temperature, the heat sink component water outlet temperature, the water flow rate, the specific heat capacity of the water, and the water density may be:
- C is the engine heating power
- Q is the water flow
- ⁇ is the water density.
- T in is the water inlet temperature of the heat sink
- T out is the water temperature of the heat sink.
- the parameter calibration module 700 can calibrate the heat dissipation coefficient of the cooling system by maintaining the engine heating power unchanged, maintaining the vehicle speed of the vehicle where the engine is located, and opening the thermostat to be fully open, and setting the respective pump speed and fan speed. Next, according to the principle of heat balance, determine the cooling system cooling coefficient corresponding to each pump speed and fan, and determine the cooling coefficient of each cooling system based on the principle of the lowest energy consumption of the pump and the fan. The corresponding fan speed and pump speed form a calibration MAP map of the cooling coefficient of the cooling system, the vehicle speed, the fan speed, and the pump speed.
- the heat balance principle may be: a difference in variation of the system water temperature within a predetermined time period is less than or equal to 1 degree Celsius; and determining a cooling system heat dissipation coefficient corresponding to each water pump speed and the fan according to the heat balance principle The way can be:
- C is the engine heating power
- A is the cooling system heat dissipation coefficient
- T water is the water temperature
- T air is the ambient temperature
- n fan is the fan speed
- n pump is the pump speed
- V is the vehicle speed.
- the parameter calibration module 700 can calibrate the heat capacity of the cooling system by: controlling the thermostat to close the large circulation loop under the warm-up gear, and maintaining the vehicle speed, the pump speed, the fan speed, and the heating power of the engine during the engine water temperature rise process. Unchanged, based on the heat conservation relationship, the heat capacity of the cooling system corresponding to each set thermostat position is measured; in the cooling gear, the control thermostat opens the large circulation circuit to maintain the vehicle speed, the pump speed, and the fan speed. The heating power of the engine is unchanged. Based on the heat conservation relationship, the heat capacity of the cooling system corresponding to each set thermostat position is measured; the heat of the cooling system corresponding to the position of the thermostat set under the warm gear is determined. The heat capacity of the cooling system corresponding to each of the set thermostat positions under the capacity and cooling gears forms a cooling system heat capacity calibration MAP map of the corresponding relationship between the calibrated thermostat position and the heat capacity of the cooling system.
- C is the engine heating power
- A is the cooling system heat dissipation coefficient
- T water is the water temperature
- T air is the ambient temperature
- C p is the heat capacity of the cooling system.
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Abstract
一种发动机水温控制方法,该方法包括步骤:根据预定时间步长采集发动机出水温度(S101),在采集到大于或者等于预定数量的发动机出水温度时,根据所采集的各发动机出水温度、各发动机出水温度对应的采集时间,确定发动机出水温度与时间的水温变化函数(S102),确定所述水温变化函数下的冷却系统性能参数,并根据所述冷却系统性能参数对冷却系统的可控零部件进行控制(S103)。该方法可以提前对冷却系统的部件进行控制,并实现对发动机水温的精确控制和水温的快速稳定。还提供了一种发动机水温控制装置。
Description
本发明涉及车辆控制领域,特别是涉及一种发动机水温控制方法以及发动机水温控制装置。
水温对发动机的油耗和排放有着重要作用,冷却系统作为车辆控制发动机水温的主要功能系统,其通过可控零部件实现对发送机水温的直接调节。目前常见的控制方式是基于当前水温直接进行控制,例如当水温达到某个上限值或者下限值时,启动冷却系统的某个可控零部件的某个档位。然而,车辆冷却系统属于“大滞后”系统,基于这种水温控制方式,容易出现“超调”或者“欠调节”,导致水温来回波动。
发明内容
基于此,本发明实施例的目的在于提供一种发动机水温控制方法以及一种发动机水温控制装置,其可以实现对发动机水温的精确控制,实现水温的快速稳定。
为达到上述目的,本发明实施例采用以下技术方案:
一种发动机水温控制方法,包括步骤:
根据预定时间步长采集发动机出水温度;
在采集到大于或者等于预定数量的发动机出水温度时,根据所采集的各发动机出水温度、各发动机出水温度对应的采集时间,确定发动机出水温度与时间的水温变化函数;
确定所述水温变化函数下的冷却系统性能参数,并根据所述冷却系统性能参数对冷却系统的可控零部件进行控制。
一种发动机水温控制装置,包括:
温度采集模块,用于根据预定时间步长采集发动机出水温度;
水温函数确定模块,用于在所述温度采集模块采集到大于或者等于预定数量的发动机出水温度时,根据所采集的各发动机出水温度、各发动机出水温度对应的采集时间,确定发动机出水温度与时间的水温变化函数;
性能参数确定模块,用于确定所述水温变化函数下的冷却系统性能参数;
控制模块,用于根据所述冷却系统性能参数对冷却系统的可控零部件进行控制。
根据如上所述的本发明实施例的方案,其是通过采集发动机出水温度,并基于采集的发动机出水温度与采集时间确定发动机出水温度与时间的水温变化函数,从而确定该水温变化函数下的冷却系统性能参数,并据此对冷却系统的可控零部件进行控制,从而可以提前对冷却系统的部件进行控制,可以实现对发动机水温的精确控制,实现水温的快速稳定。
图1是一个实施例中的发动机水温控制方法的流程示意图;
图2是另一个实施例中的发动机水温控制方法的流程示意图;
图3是一个具体示例中的发动机水温控制方法的流程示意图;
图4是一个具体示例中的发动机水温控制方法的原理逻辑示意图;
图5是采用传统技术的水温控制曲线示意图;
图6是基于本发明实施例方法的水温变化曲线的示意图;
图7是一个实施例中的发动机水温控制装置的结构示意图。
为使本发明的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白,以下结合附图及实施例,对本发明进行进一步的详细说明。应当理解,此处所描述的具体实施方式仅仅用以解释本发明,并不限定本发明的保护范围。
图1中示出了一个实施例中的发动机水温控制方法的流程示意图。如图1所示,该实施例中的方法包括:
步骤S101:根据预定时间步长采集发动机出水温度;
步骤S102:在采集到大于或者等于预定数量的发动机出水温度时,根据所采集的各发动机出水温度、各发动机出水温度对应的采集时间,确定发动机出水温度与时间的水温变化函数;
步骤S103:确定所述水温变化函数下的冷却系统性能参数,并根据所述冷却系统性能参数对冷却系统的可控零部件进行控制。
根据如上所述的本发明实施例的方案,其是通过采集发动机出水温度,并基于采集的发动机出水温度与采集时间确定发动机出水温度与时间的水温变化函数,从而确定该水温变化函数下的冷却系统性能参数,并据此对冷却系统的可控零部件进行控制,从而可以提前对冷却系统的部件进行控制,可以实现对发动机水温的精确控制,实现水温的快速稳定。
其中,在采集的发动机出水温度的精度符合要求的情况下,上述步骤S102中确定水温变化函数之后,可以直接进入步骤S103,确定步骤S102确定的水温变化函数下的冷却系统性能参数。
考虑到在采集发动机出水温度时极有可能存在误差,因此,在上述步骤S102中确定水温变化函数之后,还可以是在该水温变化函数符合要求的情况下,再确定冷却系统性能参数。
据此,图2中示出了另一个实施例中的发动机水温控制方法的流程示意图,在上述图1所示的实施例的基础上,该实施例是以水温变化函数符合要求时再确定冷却系统性能参数为例进行说明。
如图2所示,该实施例中的发动机水温控制方法包括:
步骤S201:根据预定时间步长采集发动机出水温度,并采集到大于或者等于预定数量的发动机出水温度;
步骤S202:根据所采集的各发动机出水温度、各发动机出水温度对应的采集时间,采用数据拟合的方式确定发动机出水温度与时间的水温变化函数,其中,这里的数据拟合的方式可以采用任何可能的方式,例如最小二乘法、插值法等等,本发明实施例不对数据拟合的具体方式进行限定;
步骤S203:读取当前工况下的目标水温以及到达所述目标水温的需求时间,判断所述目标水温与所述需求时间之间的关系是否符合所述水温变化函数;若
不符合,则返回步骤S202,重新采用数据拟合的方式确定新的水温变化函数,若符合,则进入步骤S204;
步骤S204:确定所述水温变化函数下的冷却系统性能参数,并根据所述冷却系统性能参数对冷却系统的可控零部件进行控制。
在上述两个实施例中,上述冷却系统性能参数可以结合实际需要进行设定。在一个具体示例中,上述冷却系统性能参数可以包括发动机发热功率、冷却系统散热系数以及冷却系统的热容。相对应地,上述冷却系统的可控零部件可以包括风扇、调温器和水泵。
据此,在上述根据所述冷却系统性能参数对冷却系统的可控零部件进行控制时,一个具体示例中的控制方式可以包括:
根据标定的发动机发热功率、散热部件进水温度、散热部件出水温度以及水流量的发热功率标定MAP图,标定的冷却系统散热系数、车速、风扇转速、水泵转速的散热系数标定MAP图,标定的调温器位置与冷却系统的热容的对应关系的冷却系统热容标定MAP图,分别输出对风扇、调温器和水泵进行控制的控制信号。
上述标定的发热功率标定MAP图、散热系数标定MAP图、冷却系统热容标定MAP图,可以在是在上述实际采集发动机出水温度之前,通过对冷却系统性能参数进行标定获得。
在一个具体示例中,标定发动机发热功率的方式可以是:
保持风扇转速、调温器开度、水泵流量、冷却系统的热容不变,且发动机转速和输出扭矩处于恒定状态,在设定的各发动机转速和发动机扭矩下,分别检测散热部件水侧的进水温度、出水温度以及水流量,并根据发动机发热功率与散热部件进水温度、散热部件出水温度、水流量、水的比热容以及水的密度之间的关联关系,确定与各发动机转速及发动机扭矩的发热量,并根据确定的发热量以及对应的进水温度、出水温度以及水流量,形成标定的发动机发热功率、散热部件进水温度、散热部件出水温度以及水流量的发热功率标定MAP图。本领域技术人员理解,在车辆控制技术中,MAP图是经过测试后得到的一种数据曲线图,其表明了在多个变量(通常是两个)的不同取值情况下的另一参数
或者另外多个参数的分布情况。因此,这里的发热功率标定MAP图,实际上是基于上述测试后得到的表征了发动机发热功率、散热部件进水温度、散热部件出水温度、水流量的数据曲线图,表征了在上述水流量下,不同的散热部件进水温度、散热部件出水温度的情况下的发动机发热功率的分布情况。
其中,在一个具体的应用示例中,发动机发热功率与散热部件进水温度、散热部件出水温度、水流量、水的比热容以及水的密度之间的关联关系可以是:
在一个具体示例中,标定冷却系统散热系数的方式可以是:保持发动机发热功率不变、保持发动机所在车辆的车速不变、调温器的开度为全开,在设定的各水泵转速和风扇转速下,根据热平衡原理确定与各水泵转速和风扇对应的冷却系统散热系数,并基于水泵和风扇能耗最低的原则确定各冷却系统散热系数对应的风扇转速和水泵转速,形成标定的冷却系统散热系数、车速、风扇转速、水泵转速的散热系数标定MAP图。如上所述,这里的散热系数标定MAP图,实际上是基于上述测试后得到的表征了冷却系统散热系数、车速、风扇转速、水泵转速的数据曲线图,表征了在不同的车速、风扇转速、水泵转速的情况下的冷却系统散热系数的分布情况。由于这里涉及到4个参数,因此,在具体应用中,可以用4维MAP图来表示。
其中,在一个具体的应用示例中,上述热平衡原理可以是:预定时间段之内的系统水温的变化差值小于或者等于1摄氏度;根据热平衡原理确定与各水泵转速和风扇对应的冷却系统散热系数的方式可以是:
C=A(Twater-Tair)
A=f(nfan,npump,V)
其中,C表示发动机发热功率,A表示冷却系统散热系数,Twater表示水温,Tair表示环境温度,nfan表示风扇转速,npump表示水泵转速,V表示车速。
在一个具体示例中,标定冷却系统的热容的方式可以是:在暖机档下,控制调温器关闭大循环回路,在发动机水温上升过程中,保持车速、水泵转速、风扇转速、发动机发热功率不变,基于热量守恒关系,测量得到各设定的调温器位置对应的冷却系统的热容;在冷却档下,控制调温器将大循环回路全开,保持车速、水泵转速、风扇转速、发动机的发热功率不变,基于热量守恒关系,测量得到各设定的调温器位置对应的冷却系统的热容;根据暖机档下各设定的调温器位置对应的冷却系统的热容、冷却档下各设定的调温器位置对应的冷却系统的热容,形成标定的调温器位置与冷却系统的热容的对应关系的冷却系统热容标定MAP图。如上所述,这里的冷却系统热容标定MAP图,实际上是基于上述测试后得到的表征了与冷却系统的热容、调温器位置的数据曲线图,表征了在不同的调温器位置下的冷却系统的热容的分布情况。
其中,在一个具体的应用示例中,上述热量守恒关系可以为:
C=A(Twater-Tair)+CpTwater
其中,C表示发动机发热功率,A表示冷却系统散热系数,Twater表示水温,Tair表示环境温度,Cp表示冷却系统的热容。
基于如上所述的各实施例的方案,以下结合其中一个具体应用示例进行详细说明。本领域技术人员可以理解的是,该具体应用示例的详细说明并不用以对本发明实施例方案进行限定。
如上所述,首先需要对冷却系统性能参数进行标定,需要标定的冷却系统性能参数可以包括:风扇转速、调温器开度、水泵流量、冷却系统的热容、发动机发热功率。在进行标定时,可以采用单一变量法的方式进行标定。
在标定发动机发热功率C时,可以保持风扇转速、调温器开度、水泵流量、冷却系统的热容不变(一定),且保证发动机转速和输出扭矩处于恒定状态(通过采用普通发动机性能试验台架就可以确保发动机转速和输出扭矩处于一个恒定状态),分别检测散热部件(主要是散热器)水侧(以水冷式发动机为例)的进水温度、出水温度以及水流量,并通过下式(1)给出的发动机发热功率与散
热部件进水温度、散热部件出水温度、水流量、水的比热容以及水的密度之间的关联关系,确定与各发动机转速及发动机扭矩的发热量,即每个发动机转速及发送机扭矩均测试得到一个发动机发热功率C值,从而形成标定的发动机发热功率、散热部件进水温度、散热部件出水温度以及水流量的发热功率标定MAP图。其中,在设定各发动机转速和各发动机扭矩时,可以结合实际需要进行设置,例如发动机转速可以以500转/分钟的间隔设置,而发动机扭矩可以以10%的间隔设置。
在标定冷却系统散热系数A时,可以保持发动机发热功率不变(一定)、保持发动机所在车辆的车速不变(一定)、调温器的开度为全开,在设定的各水泵转速和风扇转速下,根据热平衡原理确定与各水泵转速和风扇对应的冷却系统散热系数,即将水泵转速和风扇转速分别作为变量,按照热平衡原理(预定时间段之内的系统水温的变化差值小于或者等于1摄氏度,例如10分钟之内的系统水温变化不超过±1℃),得到不同水泵转速和风扇转速对应的系统散热系数A,具体下式(2)。然后基于水泵和风扇能耗最低的原则,可以确定不同系统换热性需求的nfan和npump。函数f()的形式可以直接通过4维MAP图的形式描述,自变量分别是车速、nfan、npump。
C=A(Twater-Tair),其中A=f(nfan,npump,V) (2)
其中,C表示发动机发热功率,A表示冷却系统散热系数,Twater表示水温,Tair表示环境温度,nfan表示风扇转速,npump表示水泵转速,V表示车速。
在标定冷却系统的热容时,基于能量平衡的方法,在发动机水温上升过程中,基于下式(3)的系统热量守恒关系,保持发动机发热功率、车速、水泵转速和风扇转速一定,测量得到不同调温器位置对应的冷却系统的热容。调温器的一般设置两个档位:暖机档和冷却档,暖机档条件下调温器关闭大循环回路,实现快速暖机;冷却档条件下,调温器将大循环阀门完全打开,尽可能提高大
循环流量。两个档位需分别标定。
据此,由于调温器的设置暖机档和冷却档两个档位,且这两个档位需要分别标定,因此,在标定冷却系统的热容时,具体可以是:
在暖机档下,控制调温器关闭大循环回路,在发动机水温上升过程中,保持车速、水泵转速、风扇转速、发动机发热功率不变,基于热量守恒关系,测量得到各设定的调温器位置对应的冷却系统的热容;
在冷却档下,控制调温器将大循环回路全开,保持车速、水泵转速、风扇转速、发动机的发热功率不变,基于热量守恒关系,测量得到各设定的调温器位置对应的冷却系统的热容;
根据暖机档下各设定的调温器位置对应的冷却系统的热容、冷却档下各设定的调温器位置对应的冷却系统的热容,形成标定的调温器位置与冷却系统的热容的对应关系的冷却系统热容标定MAP图。
C=A(Twater-Tair)+CpTwater (3)
其中,C表示发动机发热功率,A表示冷却系统散热系数,Twater表示水温,Tair表示环境温度,Cp表示冷却系统的热容。
其中,上述标定冷却系统性能参数的过程可以是预先进行,例如在出厂前的性能测试过程中进行标定,标定得到的发热功率标定MAP图、散热系数标定MAP图、冷却系统热容标定MAP图等可以配置在发动机中或者发动机所在车辆中,以便于在实际的发动机工作过程中进行使用。
在实际的发送机工作过程中,每隔一段预定时间步长采集一次发动机出水温度,该预定时间步长可以结合实际需要进行设置,并采集到大于或者等于预定数量的发动机出水温度。该预定数量可以结合实际需要进行设置,在一个具体示例中,该预定数量可以是30个。
然后根据所采集的各发动机出水温度、各发动机出水温度对应的采集时间,确定发动机出水温度与时间的水温变化函数,具体可以采用下式(4)求解出当前的发动机出水温度T与时间t的水温变化函数T=f(t)。
其中,T表示水温,C1表示初始变量,C1<0时表示描述水温上升过程,C1>0时表示描述水温下降过程,cp表示冷却系统的热容,t表示时间,C表示发动机发热功率,A表示系统散热系数,Tamt表示环境温度。
基于式(4)可以求解出水温变化函数T=f(t)。参见上式(4),环境温度Tamt可以通过车辆自带的环境温度传感器检测得到,因此,式(4)中包括四个变量:C1、A、Cp和C。
对于包括四个变量的方程,理论上来说需要4个以上因变量T值完成求解。因此,在采集的发动机出水温度的精度符合要求的情况下,可以是基于最近时间采集的4个发动机出水温度,即可确定上述水温变化函数。
由于车辆的发动机控制系统水温的采集频率一般比较高(一般可以达到10Hz),为了更准确的求解水温变化函数,可以在采集到大于或者等于预定数量(一般采集数据不小于30个)的发动机出水温度之后,根据所采集的各发动机出水温度、各发动机出水温度对应的采集时间,采用数据拟合的方式确定发动机出水温度与时间的水温变化函数,其中,这里的数据拟合的方式可以采用任何可能的方式,例如最小二乘法、插值法等等,本发明实施例不对数据拟合的具体方式进行限定。
在通过数据拟合的方式得到水温变化函数T=f(t)之后,从系统中读取当前工况下的目标水温T’和达到该目标水温T’的需求时间t’,判断目标水温T’与需求时间t’之间的关系是否符合所述水温变化函数T=f(t),将目标水温T’、需求时间t’代入水温变化函数T=f(t),判断目标水温T’和需求时间t’之间的关系是否满足T’=f(t’)。即,将需求时间t’代入水温变化函数T=f(t),判断求取得到的f(t’)是否等于目标水温T’,或者是求取得到的f(t’)与目标水温T’的差值是否在可接受的误差范围内,若等于或者是在可接受的误差范围内,则可以判定目标水温T’与需求时间t’之间的关系符合水温变化函数T=f(t),否则判定目标水温T’与需求时间t’之间的关系不符合水温变化函数T=f(t)。
若目标水温T’和需求时间t’之间的关系不满足T’=T(t’),即目标水温与需求时间之间的关系不符合上述水温变化函数,则返回上述求解过程,重新采用数据拟合的方式求解出一个新的水温变化函数T=f(t);
若目标水温T’和需求时间t’之间的关系满足T’=T(t’),即目标水温与需求时间之间的关系符合上述水温变化函数,则可以按现有状态,基于当前求解出的水温变化函数进行后续处理。
基于当前求解出的水温变化函数,采用下式(5)、(6)可以求解确定出该水温变化函数下的冷却系统性能参数,包括:发动机发热功率、冷却系统散热系数以及冷却系统的热容以及其他常数项。
其中:t(0)为系统采集数据完成到系统硬件响应完成所需的时间,
基于确定的水温变化函数下的冷却系统性能参数,结合上述标定的发热功率标定MAP图、散热系数标定MAP图、冷却系统热容标定MAP图,可以确定并输出对风扇、调温器和水泵进行控制的控制信号(例如PWM占空比信号、用于伺服电机的脉冲数量等),从而实现上述需求的发动机发热功率C、冷却系统散热系数A、冷却系统的热容cp等。
据此,上述具体示例中的发动机水温控制方法的原理逻辑示意图可如图4所示。其在采集到水温信号后,基于其是处于大于90℃的冷却档还是处于小于或等于90℃的暖机档的状态,可以输出针对调温器的位置控制信号。
在采集到风扇转速、水泵转速的转速信号、发动机扭矩信号后,基于标定的MAP可以得到发动机发热功率C值,同时结合采集到的水温信号、环境温度,求解出水温变换函数,并可以结合目标水温及目标时间确定是否满足目标水温及目标时间。
如果满足,则可以基于当前的水温变化函数确定针对水泵和风扇的控制信号并进行输出。
如果不满足,则结合当前车辆的车速,求解出符合要求的水温变化函数以及散热系数A,并在求解出的符合要求的散热系数A小于或者等于散热系数最大门限值[A]max时,将求解出的散热系数作为确定的散热系数A’,在求解出的符合要求的散热系数A大于散热系数最大门限值[A]max时,将散热系数最大门限值[A]max作为确定的散热系数A’,并基于确定的散热系数A’,结合标定的发热功率标定MAP图、散热系数标定MAP图、冷却系统热容标定MAP图,确定针对水泵和风扇的控制信号并进行输出。
基于上述具体示例中的说明,图5示出了传统技术的水温控制曲线示意图,图6示出了基于本发明实施例方法的水温变化曲线的示意图,将图5与图6进行对比,可以得知,传统方法的水温变化曲线会围绕目标水温上下一定的范围来回波动,无法完全实现目标水温,而且由于系统不断调节可调零部件,会对零部件和车辆产生冲击。而本发明实施例方法通过采集水温信号,计算出需求的水温变化趋势,并求解出具体的控制参数,快速并且准确的使系统达到最佳水温要求。
基于与上述方法相同的思想,本发明实施例还提供一种发动机水温控制装置。图7中示出了一个实施例中的发动机水温控制装置的结构示意图。
如图7所示,该实施例中的发动机水温控制装置包括:
温度采集模块701,用于根据预定时间步长采集发动机出水温度;
水温函数确定模块702,用于在所述温度采集模块采集到大于或者等于预定数量的发动机出水温度时,根据所采集的各发动机出水温度、各发动机出水温度对应的采集时间,确定发动机出水温度与时间的水温变化函数;
性能参数确定模块703,用于确定所述水温变化函数下的冷却系统性能参数;
控制模块704,用于根据所述冷却系统性能参数对冷却系统的可控零部件进行控制。
根据如上所述的本发明实施例的方案,其是通过采集发动机出水温度,并基于采集的发动机出水温度与采集时间确定发动机出水温度与时间的水温变化
函数,从而确定该水温变化函数下的冷却系统性能参数,并据此对冷却系统的可控零部件进行控制,从而可以提前对冷却系统的部件进行控制,可以实现对发动机水温的精确控制,实现水温的快速稳定。
在一个具体示例中,上述温度采集模块701还采集环境温度。
此时,上述水温函数确定模块702可以根据所采集的各发动机出水温度、各发动机出水温度对应的采集时间以及所述环境温度确定所述水温变化函数。
其中,在采集的发动机出水温度的精度符合要求的情况下,上述水温函数确定模块702确定的水温变化函数,可以直接由性能参数确定模块703确定该水温变化函数下的冷却系统性能参数。
考虑到在采集发动机出水温度时极有可能存在误差,因此,在水温函数确定模块702确定水温变化函数之后,还可以是在该水温变化函数符合要求的情况下,再确定冷却系统性能参数。
据此,如图7所示,本实施例中的装置还可以包括一致性判断模块705。
其中,该一致性判断模块705,用于读取当前工况下的目标水温以及到达所述目标水温的需求时间,判断所述目标水温与所述需求时间之间的关系是否符合所述水温变化函数。
此时,上述水温函数确定模块702采用对各发动机出水温度以及各发动机出水温度对应的采集时间进行数据拟合的方式确定所述水温变化函数,并在一致性判断模块705的判定结果为否时,重新采用对各发动机出水温度以及各发动机出水温度对应的采集时间进行数据拟合的方式确定所述水温变化函数。
而上述性能参数确定模块703,是在一致性判断模块705的判定结果为是时确定所述水温变化函数下的冷却系统性能参数。
上述冷却系统性能参数可以结合实际需要进行设定。在一个具体示例中,上述冷却系统性能参数可以包括发动机发热功率、冷却系统散热系数以及冷却系统的热容。相对应地,上述冷却系统的可控零部件可以包括风扇、调温器和水泵。
相应地,控制模块704在根据所述冷却系统性能参数对冷却系统的可控零部件进行控制时,根据标定的发动机发热功率、散热部件进水温度、散热部件
出水温度以及水流量的发热功率标定MAP图,标定的冷却系统散热系数、车速、风扇转速、水泵转速的散热系数标定MAP图,标定的调温器位置与冷却系统的热容的对应关系的冷却系统热容标定MAP图,分别输出对风扇、调温器和水泵进行控制的控制信号。
上述标定的发热功率标定MAP图、散热系数标定MAP图、冷却系统热容标定MAP图,可以在是在上述实际采集发动机出水温度之前,通过对冷却系统性能参数进行标定获得。
据此,如图7所示,本实施例中的装置还可以包括参数标定模块700,用于标定发动机的所述冷却系统性能参数,所述冷却系统性能参数包括:发动机发热功率、冷却系统散热系数以及冷却系统的热容。
其中,参数标定模块700标定发动机发热功率的方式可以是:保持风扇转速、调温器开度、水泵流量、冷却系统的热容不变,且发动机转速和输出扭矩处于恒定状态,在设定的各发动机转速和发动机扭矩下,分别检测散热部件水侧的进水温度、出水温度以及水流量,并根据发动机发热功率与散热部件进水温度、散热部件出水温度、水流量、水的比热容以及水的密度之间的关联关系,确定与各发动机转速及发动机扭矩的发热量,并根据确定的发热量以及对应的进水温度、出水温度以及水流量,形成标定的发动机发热功率、散热部件进水温度、散热部件出水温度以及水流量的发热功率标定MAP图。
其中,在一个具体的应用示例中,发动机发热功率与散热部件进水温度、散热部件出水温度、水流量、水的比热容以及水的密度之间的关联关系可以是:
参数标定模块700标定冷却系统散热系数的方式可以是:保持发动机发热功率不变、保持发动机所在车辆的车速不变、调温器的开度为全开,在设定的各水泵转速和风扇转速下,根据热平衡原理确定与各水泵转速和风扇对应的冷却系统散热系数,并基于水泵和风扇能耗最低的原则确定各冷却系统散热系数
对应的风扇转速和水泵转速,形成标定的冷却系统散热系数、车速、风扇转速、水泵转速的散热系数标定MAP图。
其中,在一个具体的应用示例中,上述热平衡原理可以是:预定时间段之内的系统水温的变化差值小于或者等于1摄氏度;根据热平衡原理确定与各水泵转速和风扇对应的冷却系统散热系数的方式可以是:
C=A(Twater-Tair)
A=f(nfan,npump,V)
其中,C表示发动机发热功率,A表示冷却系统散热系数,Twater表示水温,Tair表示环境温度,nfan表示风扇转速,npump表示水泵转速,V表示车速。
参数标定模块700标定冷却系统的热容的方式可以是:在暖机档下,控制调温器关闭大循环回路,在发动机水温上升过程中,保持车速、水泵转速、风扇转速、发动机的发热功率不变,基于热量守恒关系,测量得到各设定的调温器位置对应的冷却系统的热容;在冷却档下,控制调温器将大循环回路全开,保持车速、水泵转速、风扇转速、发动机的发热功率不变,基于热量守恒关系,测量得到各设定的调温器位置对应的冷却系统的热容;根据暖机档下各设定的调温器位置对应的冷却系统的热容、冷却档下各设定的调温器位置对应的冷却系统的热容,形成标定的调温器位置与冷却系统的热容的对应关系的冷却系统热容标定MAP图。
其中,在一个具体的应用示例中,上述热量守恒关系可以为:
C=A(Twater-Tair)+CpTwater
其中,C表示发动机发热功率,A表示冷却系统散热系数,Twater表示水温,Tair表示环境温度,Cp表示冷却系统的热容。
本领域技术人员可以理解,上述发动机水温控制装置中未提及的其他技术特征可以与上述发动机水温控制方法中的相同。
以上所述实施例的各技术特征可以进行任意的组合,为使描述简洁,未对上述实施例中的各个技术特征所有可能的组合都进行描述,然而,只要这些技
术特征的组合不存在矛盾,都应当认为是本说明书记载的范围。
以上所述实施例仅表达了本发明的几种实施方式,其描述较为具体和详细,但并不能因此而理解为对发明专利范围的限制。应当指出的是,对于本领域的普通技术人员来说,在不脱离本发明构思的前提下,还可以做出若干变形和改进,这些都属于本发明的保护范围。因此,本发明专利的保护范围应以所附权利要求为准。
Claims (10)
- 一种发动机水温控制方法,其特征在于,包括步骤:根据预定时间步长采集发动机出水温度;在采集到大于或者等于预定数量的发动机出水温度时,根据所采集的各发动机出水温度、各发动机出水温度对应的采集时间,确定发动机出水温度与时间的水温变化函数;确定所述水温变化函数下的冷却系统性能参数,并根据所述冷却系统性能参数对冷却系统的可控零部件进行控制。
- 根据权利要求1所述的发动机水温控制方法,其特征在于:采用对各发动机出水温度以及各发动机出水温度对应的采集时间进行数据拟合的方式确定所述水温变化函数;在确定所述水温变化函数下的冷却系统性能参数之前,还包括步骤:读取当前工况下的目标水温以及到达所述目标水温的需求时间,判断所述目标水温与所述需求时间之间的关系是否符合所述水温变化函数;若符合,进入所述确定所述水温变化函数下的冷却系统性能参数的步骤;若不符合,返回采用对各发动机出水温度以及各发动机出水温度对应的采集时间进行数据拟合的方式确定所述水温变化函数的步骤。
- 根据权利要求1或2所述的发动机水温控制方法,其特征在于:所述冷却系统性能参数包括发动机发热功率、冷却系统散热系数以及冷却系统的热容,所述可控零部件包括风扇、调温器和水泵;根据所述冷却系统性能参数对冷却系统的可控零部件进行控制的方式包括:根据标定的发动机发热功率、散热部件进水温度、散热部件出水温度以及水流量的发热功率标定MAP图,标定的冷却系统散热系数、车速、风扇转速、水泵转速的散热系数标定MAP图,标定的调温器位置与冷却系统的热容的对应关系的冷却系统热容标定MAP图,分别输出对风扇、调温器和水泵进行控制的控制信号。
- 根据权利要求3所述的发动机水温控制方法,其特征在于,在根据预定 时间步长采集发动机出水温度之前,还包括步骤:标定发动机的冷却系统性能参数,所述冷却系统性能参数包括:发动机发热功率、冷却系统散热系数以及冷却系统的热容;标定发动机发热功率的方式包括:保持风扇转速、调温器开度、水泵流量、冷却系统的热容不变,且发动机转速和输出扭矩处于恒定状态,在设定的各发动机转速和发动机扭矩下,分别检测散热部件水侧的进水温度、出水温度以及水流量,并根据发动机发热功率与散热部件进水温度、散热部件出水温度、水流量、水的比热容以及水的密度之间的关联关系,确定与各发动机转速及发动机扭矩的发热量,并根据确定的发热量以及对应的进水温度、出水温度以及水流量,形成标定的发动机发热功率、散热部件进水温度、散热部件出水温度以及水流量的发热功率标定MAP图;标定冷却系统散热系数的方式包括:保持发动机发热功率不变、保持发动机所在车辆的车速不变、调温器的开度为全开,在设定的各水泵转速和风扇转速下,根据热平衡原理确定与各水泵转速和风扇对应的冷却系统散热系数,并基于水泵和风扇能耗最低的原则确定各冷却系统散热系数对应的风扇转速和水泵转速,形成标定的冷却系统散热系数、车速、风扇转速、水泵转速的散热系数标定MAP图;标定冷却系统的热容的方式包括:在暖机档下,控制调温器关闭大循环回路,在发动机水温上升过程中,保持车速、水泵转速、风扇转速、发动机的发热功率不变,基于热量守恒关系,测量得到各设定的调温器位置对应的冷却系统的热容;在冷却档下,控制调温器将大循环回路全开,保持车速、水泵转速、风扇转速、发动机的发热功率不变,基于热量守恒关系,测量得到各设定的调温器位置对应的冷却系统的热容;根据暖机档下各设定的调温器位置对应的冷却系统的热容、冷却档下各设定的调温器位置对应的冷却系统的热容,形成标定的调温器位置与冷却系统的热容的对应关系的冷却系统热容标定MAP图。
- 根据权利要求4所述的发动机水温控制方法,其特征在于,包括下述各项中的至少一项:发动机发热功率与散热部件进水温度、散热部件出水温度、水流量、水的 比热容以及水的密度之间的关联关系包括:其中,C为发动机发热功率,Q为水流量,ρ为水的密度,为水的比热容,Tin为散热部件进水温度,Tout为散热部件出水温度;所述热平衡原理包括:预定时间段之内的系统水温的变化差值小于或者等于1摄氏度;根据热平衡原理确定与各水泵转速和风扇对应的冷却系统散热系数的方式包括:C=A(Twatet-Tair),其中,A=f(nfan,npump,V),C表示发动机发热功率,A表示冷却系统散热系数,Twater表示水温,Tair表示环境温度,nfan表示风扇转速,npump表示水泵转速,V表示车速;所述热量守恒关系为:C=A(Twater-Tair)+CpTwater,其中,C表示发动机发热功率,A表示冷却系统散热系数,Twater表示水温,Tair表示环境温度,Cp表示冷却系统的热容。
- 一种发动机水温控制装置,其特征在于,包括:温度采集模块,用于根据预定时间步长采集发动机出水温度;水温函数确定模块,用于在所述温度采集模块采集到大于或者等于预定数量的发动机出水温度时,根据所采集的各发动机出水温度、各发动机出水温度对应的采集时间,确定发动机出水温度与时间的水温变化函数;性能参数确定模块,用于确定所述水温变化函数下的冷却系统性能参数;控制模块,用于根据所述冷却系统性能参数对冷却系统的可控零部件进行控制。
- 根据权利要求6所述的发动机水温控制装置,其特征在于,还包括:一致性判断模块:所述一致性判断模块,用于读取当前工况下的目标水温以及到达所述目标水温的需求时间,判断所述目标水温与所述需求时间之间的关系是否符合所述水温变化函数;所述水温函数确定模块采用对各发动机出水温度以及各发动机出水温度对应的采集时间进行数据拟合的方式确定所述水温变化函数,并在所述一致性判 断模块的判定结果为否时,重新采用对各发动机出水温度以及各发动机出水温度对应的采集时间进行数据拟合的方式确定所述水温变化函数;所述性能参数确定模块在所述一致性判断模块的判定结果为是时确定所述水温变化函数下的冷却系统性能参数。
- 根据权利要求6或7所述的发动机水温控制装置,其特征在于:所述冷却系统性能参数包括发动机发热功率、冷却系统散热系数以及冷却系统的热容,所述可控零部件包括风扇、调温器和水泵;所述控制模块在根据所述冷却系统性能参数对冷却系统的可控零部件进行控制时,根据标定的发动机发热功率、散热部件进水温度、散热部件出水温度以及水流量的发热功率标定MAP图,标定的冷却系统散热系数、车速、风扇转速、水泵转速的散热系数标定MAP图,标定的调温器位置与冷却系统的热容的对应关系的冷却系统热容标定MAP图,分别输出对风扇、调温器和水泵进行控制的控制信号。
- 根据权利要求8所述的发动机水温控制装置,其特征在于,还包括参数标定模块,用于标定发动机的所述冷却系统性能参数,所述冷却系统性能参数包括:发动机发热功率、冷却系统散热系数以及冷却系统的热容;所述参数标定模块标定发动机发热功率的方式包括:保持风扇转速、调温器开度、水泵流量、冷却系统的热容不变,且发动机转速和输出扭矩处于恒定状态,在设定的各发动机转速和发动机扭矩下,分别检测散热部件水侧的进水温度、出水温度以及水流量,并根据发动机发热功率与散热部件进水温度、散热部件出水温度、水流量、水的比热容以及水的密度之间的关联关系,确定与各发动机转速及发动机扭矩的发热量,并根据确定的发热量以及对应的进水温度、出水温度以及水流量,形成标定的发动机发热功率、散热部件进水温度、散热部件出水温度以及水流量的发热功率标定MAP图;所述参数标定模块标定冷却系统散热系数的方式包括:保持发动机发热功率不变、保持发动机所在车辆的车速不变、调温器的开度为全开,在设定的各水泵转速和风扇转速下,根据热平衡原理确定与各水泵转速和风扇对应的冷却系统散热系数,并基于水泵和风扇能耗最低的原则确定各冷却系统散热系数对 应的风扇转速和水泵转速,形成标定的冷却系统散热系数、车速、风扇转速、水泵转速的散热系数标定MAP图;所述参数标定模块标定冷却系统的热容的方式包括:在暖机档下,控制调温器关闭大循环回路,在发动机水温上升过程中,保持车速、水泵转速、风扇转速、发动机的发热功率不变,基于热量守恒关系,测量得到各设定的调温器位置对应的冷却系统的热容;在冷却档下,控制调温器将大循环回路全开,保持车速、水泵转速、风扇转速、发动机的发热功率不变,基于热量守恒关系,测量得到各设定的调温器位置对应的冷却系统的热容;根据暖机档下各设定的调温器位置对应的冷却系统的热容、冷却档下各设定的调温器位置对应的冷却系统的热容,形成标定的调温器位置与冷却系统的热容的对应关系的冷却系统热容标定MAP图。
- 根据权利要求9所述的发动机水温控制装置,其特征在于,包括下述各项中的至少一项:发动机发热功率与散热部件进水温度、散热部件出水温度、水流量、水的比热容以及水的密度之间的关联关系包括:其中,C为发动机发热功率,Q为水流量,ρ为水的密度,为水的比热容,Tin为散热部件进水温度,Tout为散热部件出水温度;所述热平衡原理包括:预定时间段之内的系统水温的变化差值小于或者等于1摄氏度;根据热平衡原理确定与各水泵转速和风扇对应的冷却系统散热系数的方式包括:C=A(Twater-Tair),其中,A=f(nfan,npump,V),C表示发动机发热功率,A表示冷却系统散热系数,Twater表示水温,Tair表示环境温度,nfan,表示风扇转速,npump表示水泵转速,V表示车速;所述热量守恒关系为:C=A(Twater-Tair)+CpTwater,其中,C表示发动机发热功率,A表示冷却系统散热系数,Twater表示水温,Tair表示环境温度,Cp表示冷却系统的热容。
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| CN112709627B (zh) * | 2021-01-08 | 2023-12-19 | 广西玉柴机器股份有限公司 | 一种整车发动机冷却热管理系统及方法 |
| CN114815928A (zh) * | 2022-05-30 | 2022-07-29 | 深圳赛美控电子科技有限公司 | 吹风机的出风温度控制方法、装置、终端及存储介质 |
| CN114815928B (zh) * | 2022-05-30 | 2024-05-14 | 深圳赛美控电子科技有限公司 | 吹风机的出风温度控制方法、装置、终端及存储介质 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN106089395A (zh) | 2016-11-09 |
| CN106089395B (zh) | 2018-11-02 |
| US11041428B2 (en) | 2021-06-22 |
| US20200370464A1 (en) | 2020-11-26 |
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