WO2018018570A1 - Dispositif et procédé de mesure d'électrocardiogramme - Google Patents

Dispositif et procédé de mesure d'électrocardiogramme Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018018570A1
WO2018018570A1 PCT/CN2016/092183 CN2016092183W WO2018018570A1 WO 2018018570 A1 WO2018018570 A1 WO 2018018570A1 CN 2016092183 W CN2016092183 W CN 2016092183W WO 2018018570 A1 WO2018018570 A1 WO 2018018570A1
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Prior art keywords
signal
digital
analog
filter
ecg signal
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PCT/CN2016/092183
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English (en)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
王昆
杨楠
杨胤
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华为技术有限公司
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Priority to PCT/CN2016/092183 priority Critical patent/WO2018018570A1/fr
Priority to CN201680080697.5A priority patent/CN108601544B/zh
Publication of WO2018018570A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018018570A1/fr

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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/24Detecting, measuring or recording bioelectric or biomagnetic signals of the body or parts thereof
    • A61B5/30Input circuits therefor
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/24Detecting, measuring or recording bioelectric or biomagnetic signals of the body or parts thereof
    • A61B5/316Modalities, i.e. specific diagnostic methods
    • A61B5/318Heart-related electrical modalities, e.g. electrocardiography [ECG]

Definitions

  • Embodiments of the present invention relate to the field of medical device technology and, more particularly, to an apparatus and method for electrocardiographic measurement.
  • Electrocardiogram is an objective indicator of the occurrence, spread and recovery of cardiac excitability. During each cardiac cycle, the heart is excited by the pacemaker, the atria, and the ventricle. With the changes in bioelectricity, various forms of potential changes are extracted from the body surface by electrocardiograph. These figures are ECG.
  • the tissue and body fluid around the heart are electrically conductive, so the human body can be seen as a volume conductor with a length, width and thickness.
  • the heart is like a power source, and the sum of the action potential changes of numerous cardiomyocytes can be transmitted and reflected to the body surface. There are potential differences between many points on the body surface, and there are many points that are equal to each other.
  • the measurement of ECG is to obtain the waveform of the electrocardiogram by the voltage difference of the sensor on different parts of the human body surface.
  • the electrodes ie the potential sensors
  • the 12-lead ECG is the most common setting.
  • the 12-lead ECG includes three standard limb leads and six pre-cardiac lead. In hospital physical examination, often by the right arm, left arm and left leg. The lead consists of three steps.
  • the present application provides an apparatus and method for electrocardiographic measurement, which performs filtering processing on a digital electrocardiographic signal converted into an analog electrocardiographic signal, filters out interference signals brought by a hardware link, and improves signal accuracy. Therefore, the electrocardiogram measurement can be successfully realized even in the case of a small number of leads, thereby making the device have a small volume, allowing the electrocardiogram measurement to enter an ordinary household, and bringing daily home care to the home user.
  • a device for electrocardiographic measurement comprising: a signal collector, an analog to digital converter and a filter, the signal collector being electrically connected to the analog to digital converter, the analog to digital conversion The device is electrically connected to the filter; wherein the signal collector is configured to acquire an analog ECG signal; the analog to digital converter is configured to convert the analog ECG signal into a first digital ECG signal; the filter And filtering the interference signal caused by the link existing in the first digital ECG signal to obtain a second digital ECG signal, where the link is a link between the signal collector and the filter.
  • the apparatus for electrocardiographic measurement filters the digital electrocardiographic signal converted into the simulated analog electrocardiographic signal, filters out the interference signal brought by the hardware link, and improves the accuracy of the signal.
  • the degree of ECG measurement can be successfully achieved even in the case of a small number of leads, thereby enabling the device to have a small volume, enabling ECG measurement to enter an ordinary household, and bringing daily home care to the home user.
  • the filter is a matched filter, and the filter coefficient of the filter is based on the first reference signal transmitted at a position of the signal collector, The functional relationship between the second reference signal generated by the first signal received at the location of the filter and the least squares method are determined.
  • a reference signal when designing the filter, a reference signal can be transmitted at the position of the signal collector, and the reference signal passes through the signal collector and the analog-to-digital converter to reach the position of the filter, and is subjected to the signal collector and the filter.
  • the interference of the link between the devices receives the reference signal at the beginning of the circuit of the filter, and the relationship between the received reference signal and the transmitted reference signal can be described by a functional relationship, according to this functional relationship and the minimum two Multiplication can obtain the filter coefficient that maximizes the signal-to-noise ratio of the reference signal when filtering the reference signal.
  • the second digital ECG signal is passed through a low-pass filter to filter out interference signals such as myoelectric signals and respiratory signals in the second digital ECG signal.
  • the first digital ECG signal may be first passed through a low-pass filter to filter out the interference signals such as the EMG signal and the respiratory signal in the first digital ECG signal, and then the digital ECG obtained after passing through the low-pass filter.
  • the signal is further filtered to filter out interference signals from the hardware link.
  • the matched filter includes N-1 delay registers, N multipliers, and N adders;
  • the N-1 delay registers are sequentially connected in series, and the input end of the matched filter is coupled to the input end of the first delay register and the input end of the first multiplier, respectively, and the output end of the i-th delay register is coupled To the input of the i+1th multiplier, the output of the i-th multiplier is coupled to the input of the i-th adder, the N adders are connected in series, and the output of the Nth adder matches the An output of the filter is coupled; wherein the first digital ECG signal is from the matched filter Input input, the signal output by the matched filter is the second digital ECG signal; i is 1, 2...N-1, and N is a positive integer greater than 1.
  • the signal collector includes a first potential sensor and And a second potential sensor, the signal collector is configured to: acquire the simulated ECG signal by sensing the potential difference change between the first position and the second position by the first potential sensor and the second potential sensor.
  • the apparatus for electrocardiographic measurement of the embodiment of the present invention only needs two potential sensors to acquire the electrocardiographic signal, and the device of the electrocardiographic measurement in the prior art uses less potential sensors, so that the device The volume can be smaller, easy to use and carry.
  • the apparatus further includes a signal amplifier,
  • the signal amplifier is electrically connected to the signal collector and the analog-to-digital converter; the signal amplifier is configured to amplify the analog electrocardiographic signal to obtain an amplified analog electrocardiogram signal; wherein the analog-to-digital converter Specifically, the method is: converting the amplified analog electrocardiographic signal into a first digital electrocardiographic signal.
  • the device further includes a memory, the memory The signal collector, the analog to digital converter and the filter are electrically connected; the memory is configured to store the analog ECG signal, the first digital ECG signal and the second digital ECG signal.
  • the device further includes a display; the display And for presenting to the user an electrocardiogram waveform corresponding to the second digital ECG signal.
  • the device further includes a Bluetooth module,
  • the Bluetooth module is electrically connected to the filter; the Bluetooth module is configured to transmit the second digital ECG signal to the mobile terminal by using a Bluetooth protocol, so that the mobile terminal stores the second digital ECG signal and presents the signal to the user The ECG waveform corresponding to the second digital ECG signal.
  • the ECG signal can be saved and analyzed by the mobile terminal, which can reduce the complexity of the ECG measuring device.
  • the device includes a universal serial bus USB module, and the USB module is electrically connected to the filter; the USB module is configured according to a USB connection protocol
  • the second digital ECG signal is output to the mobile terminal, so that the mobile terminal stores the second digital ECG signal and presents the ECG waveform corresponding to the second digital ECG signal to the user.
  • the device is a weight scale, the weight meter further comprising a housing, the first potential sensor is located in the housing At a position on the surface corresponding to the left foot of the subject, the second potential sensor is located at a position on the surface of the housing corresponding to the right foot of the subject.
  • a method for electrocardiographic measurement is provided, the method being performed by the apparatus of any of the first aspect or the first aspect of the first aspect.
  • a computer readable medium for storing a computer program, the computer program comprising instructions for performing the method of the second aspect.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram of an apparatus for electrocardiographic measurement according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a circuit of a matched filter in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is another schematic block diagram of an apparatus for electrocardiographic measurement in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is still another schematic block diagram of an apparatus for electrocardiographic measurement according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is still another schematic block diagram of an apparatus for electrocardiographic measurement according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is still another schematic block diagram of an apparatus for electrocardiographic measurement according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 7 is a schematic illustration of a weight scale in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic flow chart of a method for electrocardiographic measurement in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the principle of electrocardiographic measurement is first introduced here.
  • the heart Before the mechanical contraction, the heart first produces electrical excitation, which generates bioelectric current. Since the tissue and body fluid around the heart can conduct electricity, the bioelectric current will be transmitted to the body surface through tissues and body fluids, and different potential changes will be generated in different parts of the body.
  • the two potential sensors are in contact with the two parts of the body surface, and can be used to sense the change of the potential difference between the two parts.
  • the dynamic curve formed by recording the change of the potential difference is an electrocardiogram (Electrocardiogram, referred to as "ECG").
  • the potential sensor may also be referred to as an "electrode” or an “electrocardiographic electrode”, and the currently used Ag/AgCl electrode may be used, which is not limited in the present invention.
  • the apparatus 10 includes a signal collector 11, an analog to digital converter 12, and a filter 13, the analog to digital converter 12
  • the signal collector 11 is electrically connected, and the filter 13 is electrically connected to the analog-to-digital converter 12:
  • the signal collector 11 is configured to acquire an analog ECG signal
  • the analog to digital converter 12 is configured to convert the analog ECG signal into a first digital ECG signal
  • the filter 13 is configured to filter out an interference signal caused by the link existing in the first digital ECG signal to obtain a second digital ECG signal, where the link is the signal collector 11 and the filter 13 The link between.
  • the analog ECG signal acquired by the signal collector 11 is very weak, usually on the order of microvolts to millivolts.
  • the ECG signal needs to be amplified, as shown in FIG.
  • the device 10 further includes a signal amplifier 14 electrically connected to the signal collector 11 and the analog-to-digital converter 12 for amplifying the analog ECG signal acquired by the signal collector 11 to obtain an amplified process. Simulate ECG signals.
  • the device 10 further includes a memory 15 for storing the analog ECG signal acquired by the signal collector 11, the first digital ECG signal, and the second digital ECG signal.
  • the filter 13 is a matched filter, and the circuit of the matched filter is as shown in FIG. 2.
  • the matched filter shown in FIG. 2 includes N-1 delay registers, N multipliers, and N.
  • Adder, X(n)-X(n-N+1) in Fig. 2 represents a digital ECG signal, and h(0)-h(N-1) represents the filter coefficient of the matched filter.
  • matched filter in FIG. 2 is only an example.
  • the matched filter in the embodiment of the present invention may also be other types of matched filters in the prior art, and will not be described in detail herein.
  • the specific method may be to transmit a relatively high reference signal R1 at the signal collector 11 at
  • the reference signal S1 generated by the reference signal R1 is acquired at the beginning of the circuit of the matched filter, and the functional relationship between S1 and R1 is usually expressed as equation (1):
  • H represents the channel parameter matrix at the beginning of the circuit from the signal collector 11 to the matched filter.
  • filter coefficients can be obtained according to the formulas (1)-(3) and the least squares method:
  • H * INV(A1 T *A1)*A1 T *S1 (2)
  • H * represents the inverse matrix of H
  • the elements in H * are the filter coefficients
  • INV() represents the inverse operation of the matrix
  • A1 is the covariance obtained by processing the acquired reference signal S1.
  • Matrix, A1 T represents the transposed matrix of A1.
  • the received signal S' can be expressed as equation (4):
  • the signal received at the end of the circuit of the matched filter is the original reference signal, whereby the first digital ECG signal is filtered by the matched filter, and the collected ECG can be obtained theoretically without loss.
  • Signal in the actual application scenario, can get ECG with high signal to noise ratio signal.
  • the form of the filter in the embodiment of the present invention is not limited to the linear filter, and may be a non-linear filter of other forms.
  • the method for determining the filter coefficient by transmitting the reference signal as described above is also the same. Determination of the filter coefficients for a nonlinear filter.
  • the simulated electrocardiographic signal acquired by the signal collector 11 may further include an interference signal such as a myoelectric signal and a respiratory signal of the human body, so an ordinary filter circuit (low pass) may be added after the matched filter. Filter circuit), filtering out interference signals such as myoelectric signals and respiratory signals.
  • an interference signal such as a myoelectric signal and a respiratory signal of the human body
  • an ordinary filter circuit low pass
  • Filter circuit filtering out interference signals such as myoelectric signals and respiratory signals.
  • the wavelet denoising process can be performed on the digital electrocardiographic signal after the filter 13.
  • the implementation of the specific wavelet denoising can be selected according to actual needs, which is not limited by the present invention.
  • the signal collector 11 includes a first potential sensor 111 and a second potential sensor 112, and the signal collector 11 specifically passes through the first potential sensor 111 and the second potential sensor 112. A change in the potential difference between the first position and the second position is measured to obtain an analog ECG signal.
  • the device 10 may further include an audio circuit 16 and a speaker 161.
  • the audio circuit 16 is electrically connected to the signal collector 11, and the audio circuit 16 may convert the received audio data.
  • the electrical signal is transmitted to the speaker 161 and converted into a sound signal output by the speaker 161, whereby the device 10 can inform the testee of the success or failure of the electrocardiogram by voice prompting, for example, if the signal collector 11 successfully acquires the subject The electrocardiographic signal, the speaker 161 can emit a "successful measurement" prompt sound, if the signal collector 11 does not successfully acquire the electrocardiographic signal of the test subject, the speaker 161 can issue a "measurement failed, please re-measure" prompt tone, The subject can judge whether the measurement is successful according to the prompt tone.
  • the device 10 further includes a display 17.
  • the display 17 is electrically connected to the signal collector 11 and the filter 13.
  • the display 17 can be a liquid crystal display (referred to as a liquid crystal display). LCD"
  • the display 17 is provided with a measurement prompt light 171 (which may be a light-emitting diode).
  • the measurement prompt light 171 is illuminated to inform the measured person that the signal is successfully collected. The person being measured can stop contact with the device 10.
  • the measurement indicator 171 issues a warning signal (for example, the measurement indicator lamp 171 is always in a flashing state). The prompting person is re-contacted with the device 10 to complete the measurement.
  • the measurement time countdown starts to be displayed on the display 17, for example, if the signal collector 11 successfully acquires the electrocardiographic signal of the subject, it takes 5 seconds, when the subject contacts the device 10. At the same time, the display 17 counts down from 5, and when the displayed number is 0, it indicates that the signal collector 11 has successfully acquired the ECG signal of the subject.
  • the display 17 is further configured to present to the user an electrocardiographic waveform corresponding to the second digital electrocardiographic signal.
  • FIG. 6 shows still another schematic block diagram of a device 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the device 10 further includes: a Bluetooth module 18. Therefore, the device 10 can be paired with the mobile terminal through the Bluetooth module 18, and the mobile terminal can be a smart phone, a tablet computer or a notebook computer.
  • the second digital ECG signal is transmitted to the mobile terminal through the Bluetooth module 18, the mobile terminal stores the second digital ECG signal, and the second digital ECG signal is analyzed by professional software.
  • An electrocardiographic waveform is generated based on the second digital electrocardiographic signal, and the electrocardiographic waveform is displayed on a display screen.
  • the standard ECG waveform can be stored in advance in the mobile terminal. After the ECG waveform is generated by the mobile terminal, the generated ECG waveform is compared with the standard ECG waveform, and the health condition of the test subject is judged according to the comparison result.
  • the device 10 further includes: a serial bus (Universal Serial Bus, "USB") module 19, and the device 10 can communicate with the mobile terminal according to the USB connection protocol through the USB module 19.
  • a connection is made to transmit a second digital ECG signal to the mobile terminal, so that the mobile terminal processes the received digital ECG signal.
  • USB Universal Serial Bus
  • device 10 does not constitute a limitation to the device 10, may include more or fewer components than those illustrated, or may combine certain components, or different Parts layout.
  • device 10 may also include a power source, a Wireless Fidelity ("WiFi”) module, etc. for powering various components of device 10.
  • WiFi Wireless Fidelity
  • the device 10 is the scale shown in FIG. 7, the scale includes a housing, the first potential sensor 111 is located at the left foot position on the housing, and the second potential sensor 112 is located on the right foot of the housing.
  • the weight scale starts the measurement, and the first potential sensor 111 and the second potential sensor 112 sense the change of the potential difference between the feet of the testee.
  • the ECG signal of the subject is provided with a measurement start switch.
  • the test subject manually opens the measurement switch on the body device 10 to start measuring the ECG signal of the test subject. It can be understood that if the device 10 is not a weight scale, the positions of the first potential sensor 111 and the second potential sensor 112 can be Place it in any position that is convenient for contact with the subject's body.
  • the weight scale may further include a display 17 on which the measurement prompt light 171 is disposed, and the specific working method of the display 17 and the measurement indicator light 171 is the same as described above. No longer.
  • method 1000 includes:
  • filtering the interference signal caused by the link existing in the first digital ECG signal includes: filtering the first digital ECG signal by using a matched filter An interference signal brought by the link, the filter coefficient of the matched filter is received by the first reference signal transmitted at a position of the analog ECG signal, at the position of the matched filter A functional relationship between a second reference signal produced by a signal and a least squares method.
  • the matched filter includes N-1 delay registers, N multipliers, and N adders; wherein the N-1 delay registers are sequentially connected in series, and the matched filter is The input end is coupled to the input of the first delay register and the input of the first multiplier, respectively, and the output of the i th delay register is coupled to the input of the i+1th multiplier, the ith multiplication
  • the output of the device is coupled to the input of the i-th adder, the N adders are connected in series, and the output of the Nth adder is coupled to the output of the matched filter; wherein the first digital electrocardiogram A signal is input from an input of the matched filter, and the signal output by the matched filter is the second digital ECG signal; i is 1, 2...N-1, and N is a positive integer greater than one.
  • the S1100 is specifically configured to: acquire the simulated ECG signal by sensing a change in a potential difference between the first location and the second location.
  • the method further includes: performing amplification processing on the analog ECG signal to obtain an analog ECG signal after the amplification process;
  • the S1200 is specifically configured to: convert the amplified analog electrocardiographic signal into a first digital electrocardiographic signal.
  • the method further includes: storing the analog ECG signal, the first digital ECG signal, and the second digital ECG signal.
  • the method further includes: presenting, to the user, an ECG waveform corresponding to the second digital ECG signal.
  • the presenting the ECG waveform corresponding to the second digital signal to the user may be: transmitting the second digital ECG signal to the mobile terminal by using a Bluetooth protocol, so that the mobile terminal stores the And a second digital ECG signal, and presenting to the user an ECG waveform corresponding to the second digital ECG signal.
  • the presenting the ECG waveform corresponding to the second digital signal to the user may be: outputting the second digital ECG signal to the mobile terminal according to the universal serial bus USB connection protocol, so as to facilitate The mobile terminal stores the second digital ECG signal and presents the user with an ECG waveform corresponding to the second digital ECG signal.
  • the digital electrocardiographic signal converted into the simulated analog electrocardiographic signal is filtered, the interference signal brought by the hardware link is filtered out, and the signal is improved.
  • the degree of ECG measurement can be successfully achieved even in the case of a small number of leads, thereby enabling the device to have a small volume, enabling ECG measurement to enter an ordinary household, and bringing daily home care to the home user.
  • the disclosed systems, devices, and methods may be implemented in other manners.
  • the device embodiments described above are merely illustrative.
  • the division of the unit is only a logical function division.
  • there may be another division manner for example, multiple units or components may be combined or Can be integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed.
  • the mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed may be indirect coupling through some interface, device or unit.
  • a communication connection which may be in electrical, mechanical or other form.
  • the units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components displayed as units may or may not be physical units, that is, may be located in one place, or may be distributed to multiple network units. Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of the embodiment.
  • each functional unit in each embodiment of the present invention may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist physically separately, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit.
  • the functions may be stored in a computer readable storage medium if implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as a standalone product.
  • the technical solution of the present invention which is essential or contributes to the prior art, or a part of the technical solution, may be embodied in the form of a software product, which is stored in a storage medium, including
  • the instructions are used to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to perform all or part of the steps of the methods described in various embodiments of the present invention.
  • the foregoing storage medium includes: a U disk, a mobile hard disk, a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), a magnetic disk, or an optical disk, and the like. .

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Abstract

L'invention concerne un dispositif (10) et un procédé de mesure d'un électrocardiogramme. Le dispositif (10) comprend : un collecteur de signaux (11), un convertisseur analogique-numérique (12) et un filtre à ondes (13). Le collecteur de signaux (11) est électriquement raccordé au convertisseur analogique-numérique (12), et le convertisseur analogique-numérique (12) est électriquement raccordé au filtre à ondes (13). Le collecteur de signaux (11) est utilisé pour acquérir un signal d'électrocardiogramme analogique. Le convertisseur analogique-numérique (12) est utilisé pour convertir le signal d'électrocardiogramme analogique en un premier signal d'électrocardiogramme numérique. Le filtre à ondes (13) est utilisé pour filtrer et éliminer un signal parasite, généré par un circuit entre le collecteur de signaux (11) et le filtre à ondes (13), et présent dans le premier signal d'électrocardiogramme numérique, pour obtenir un second signal d'électrocardiogramme numérique. Le dispositif (10) filtre et supprime une interférence, générée par un circuit matériel, d'un signal d'électrocardiogramme, améliorant la précision du signal d'électrocardiogramme et permettant une mesure d'électrocardiogramme même lorsque moins de dérivations sont utilisées. Le dispositif (10) présente également un petit volume, ce qui rend possible la surveillance par électrocardiogramme à domicile et permet d'obtenir des soins de santé quotidiens pour un environnement familial.
PCT/CN2016/092183 2016-07-29 2016-07-29 Dispositif et procédé de mesure d'électrocardiogramme WO2018018570A1 (fr)

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CN201680080697.5A CN108601544B (zh) 2016-07-29 2016-07-29 用于心电测量的装置和方法

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108542379A (zh) * 2018-06-01 2018-09-18 北京卓冉科技有限公司 心脏预警仪
CN110523000A (zh) * 2019-08-06 2019-12-03 深圳市理邦精密仪器股份有限公司 一种心电模拟装置
CN110523000B (zh) * 2019-08-06 2023-07-28 深圳市理邦精密仪器股份有限公司 一种心电模拟装置

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