Classifications

• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
  • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
  • F25B49/00—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
  • F25B49/02—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for compression type machines, plants or systems
  • F25B49/022—Compressor control arrangements
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
  • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
  • F25B49/00—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
  • F25B49/02—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for compression type machines, plants or systems
  • F25B49/025—Motor control arrangements
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
  • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
  • F25B7/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, with cascade operation, i.e. with two or more circuits, the heat from the condenser of one circuit being absorbed by the evaporator of the next circuit
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
  • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
  • H02M5/00—Conversion of AC power input into AC power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases
  • H02M5/40—Conversion of AC power input into AC power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases with intermediate conversion into DC
  • H02M5/42—Conversion of AC power input into AC power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases with intermediate conversion into DC by static converters
  • H02M5/44—Conversion of AC power input into AC power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases with intermediate conversion into DC by static converters using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices to convert the intermediate DC into AC
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
  • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
  • H02M5/00—Conversion of AC power input into AC power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases
  • H02M5/40—Conversion of AC power input into AC power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases with intermediate conversion into DC
  • H02M5/42—Conversion of AC power input into AC power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases with intermediate conversion into DC by static converters
  • H02M5/44—Conversion of AC power input into AC power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases with intermediate conversion into DC by static converters using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices to convert the intermediate DC into AC
  • H02M5/453—Conversion of AC power input into AC power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases with intermediate conversion into DC by static converters using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices to convert the intermediate DC into AC using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
  • H02M5/458—Conversion of AC power input into AC power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases with intermediate conversion into DC by static converters using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices to convert the intermediate DC into AC using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
  • H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
  • H02P1/00—Arrangements for starting electric motors or dynamo-electric converters
  • H02P1/16—Arrangements for starting electric motors or dynamo-electric converters for starting dynamo-electric motors or dynamo-electric converters
  • H02P1/42—Arrangements for starting electric motors or dynamo-electric converters for starting dynamo-electric motors or dynamo-electric converters for starting an individual single-phase induction motor
  • H02P1/426—Arrangements for starting electric motors or dynamo-electric converters for starting dynamo-electric motors or dynamo-electric converters for starting an individual single-phase induction motor by using a specially adapted frequency converter
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
  • H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
  • H02P1/00—Arrangements for starting electric motors or dynamo-electric converters
  • H02P1/16—Arrangements for starting electric motors or dynamo-electric converters for starting dynamo-electric motors or dynamo-electric converters
  • H02P1/42—Arrangements for starting electric motors or dynamo-electric converters for starting dynamo-electric motors or dynamo-electric converters for starting an individual single-phase induction motor
  • H02P1/44—Arrangements for starting electric motors or dynamo-electric converters for starting dynamo-electric motors or dynamo-electric converters for starting an individual single-phase induction motor by phase-splitting with a capacitor
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
  • H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
  • H02P27/00—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage
  • H02P27/04—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage using variable-frequency supply voltage, e.g. inverter or converter supply voltage
  • H02P27/047—V/F converter, wherein the voltage is controlled proportionally with the frequency
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
  • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
  • F25B2700/00—Sensing or detecting of parameters; Sensors therefor
  • F25B2700/21—Temperatures
  • F25B2700/2104—Temperatures of an indoor room or compartment

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a drive apparatus for a refrigerator compressor having at least a two-phase AC asynchronous motor. Furthermore, the present invention relates to a system comprising such a drive device in conjunction with a cooling unit compressor having two AC asynchronous motors, and the present invention relates to a use of such a drive device, as well as such a system for implementing a cooling device in low cooling temperature ranges.
• a typical application of these devices is a long-term cooling, ie suitable or refrigerated biological or medical samples or the like.
• US 8,011,191 B2 discloses a cascade arrangement of two refrigerant circuits with respective compressor engines in the ultra-low temperature refrigeration field below -40 ° C with a first refrigeration cycle via a steam condenser with the operating environment interacts, while then a cooling volume generated by the first cooling circuit is further cooled down by a second cooling circuit in order to achieve the desired values of down to -80 ° C and below reliably. It is already known from this prior art to ensure the target temperature as a continuous operating temperature, after cooling down, by means of suitable, thermostat-controlled or sensor-controlled switching on and off of the AC asynchronous motors serving as compressor motors.
• 8,011,1191 B2 attempts to solve this problem by a variable-speed control of the compressor motors and, in particular, provides for the purpose of load reduction, that is to say after reaching the target temperature after cooling down and the necessity of this ( only) to maintain this level, for this purpose then suitably lower the engine speed.
• a cooling device of the present generic type at different mains voltages and network frequencies, typically in the range between 1 00 V and 230 V, 50 Hz to 60 Hz, operate flexibly and without fundamental conversion to be able to.
• Object of the present invention is therefore to provide a An horrvorrich- device for a at least one two-phase AC induction motor having cooling device compressor, which is easy in the (hardware) technical realization, in particular without complex control electronics manages for a speed change of the compressor motor, while in is able to ensure energy efficiency by lowering the electrical energy consumption, especially in a stationary cooling operation after a temperature drop and additionally ensures that supply network-intrinsic load limits are not exceeded in any operating state with regard to a maximum current to be consumed.
• the object is achieved by the drive device with the features of the main claim; advantageous developments of the invention are described in the subclaims.
• the present invention takes a different route than the prior art cited above.
• an arrangement of first and second voltage conversion means not only provides flexible adaptation to different input (mains) voltages with different network voltages.
• such an architecture on the output side ie with regard to compressor motors to be connected, designed as AC asynchronous motors, allows them to be provided with an AC output signal which is at different voltage levels can be set or predefined - this is based on the knowledge that, for example at a maximum power cooling down operation, a higher alternating voltage is applied than during a later, the constant maintenance of the target temperature stationary cooling operation, so far as the voltage converter means create the technical conditions for this.
• voltage detector means are provided for detecting the AC mains voltage, wherein the detector output signal is used by the voltage conversion means to set or impress a current maximum value for the output signal, according to the load capacity of the respective supply network.
• the present invention without the need for a speed change or speed control of at least one AC asynchronous motor, optimized performance with the best energy efficiency, without that there is a risk that too high power consumption with the conditions of the respective (flexible and variable connectable) Supply network is incompatible.
• the voltage converter means ensure that, in response to a temperature detected by the temperature sensor means, above a threshold value, that is to say a cooling target temperature of the useful cooling area, the operating mode means cause operation of the second voltage conversion means for generating the output signal at a first output AC voltage level which (during this drive phase) may preferably be constant and during this phase also current consumption of the connected (at least one) motor up to the maximum current value.
• a threshold value that is to say a cooling target temperature of the useful cooling area
• the operating mode means cause operation of the second voltage conversion means for generating the output signal at a first output AC voltage level which (during this drive phase) may preferably be constant and during this phase also current consumption of the connected (at least one) motor up to the maximum current value.
• the effect of the operating mode an operation of the voltage conversion means for generating the output signal on a lowered second output AC voltage level causes.
• this second, lowered output AC voltage level can drop to 150 V or even lower, so that according to the invention a ratio of this second, lowered output AC voltage level to the first output AC voltage level (based on the rms values) is usually ⁇ 0 , 8 and is in the preferred range between 0.6 and 0.75.
• the further preferred development of the invention is to separately and temperature-dependently activate these cooling circuits by means of the respective associated motors when using two asynchronous motors cascaded with respective associated cooling circuits as the respective compressor motor.
• a first upper temperature threshold typically about -40 ° C at a lower target and operating temperature value of eg -80 ° C
• only the first AC asynchronous motor with AC Output signals is provided, while after reaching or falling below this threshold, the second AC asynchronous motor for the second, cascaded provided and so far analogous to the discussed prior art trained cooling circuit is driven.
• the voltage detection means associated with the network connection means make it possible, according to a further preferred development of the invention, to configure the second voltage converter means such that they interrupt a control or supply of the connected motor (s) when the detected mains voltage potential indicates that when it has reached or exceeding the current maximum value, the device is located outside of a planned or permissible operating range.
• the drive device ensures that in such a case the output signal is interrupted, ie the signal supply of the motor (s) ends.
• the invention provides, in a surprisingly elegant and simple manner, at least one single-phase, two-pole AC asynchronous motor (with additional auxiliary phase implemented, for example, by means of a capacitor, alternatively electronically, as auxiliary pole) or by means of a two-wire connection (or three-wire connection) electronically generated auxiliary phase), without, for example, a complex speed control being carried out or a speed detection or the like sensor signals being processed for this purpose, and even without, in addition consuming, on the output side of the drive device with regard to the consumer (motor) an additional current measurement or Current detection takes place.
• this is realized elegantly by means of the network input-side voltage detector means according to the invention.
• refrigeration compressor systems realized according to the present invention not least because of their universal connectivity to a multiplicity of mains voltage environments and a significantly reduced electrical energy consumption, have a further
• a use in the context of a refrigerator for ultra-low temperatures of the initially discussed areas is preferred, but not the scope of the present invention is limited.
• the present invention makes it possible to lower the typical power consumption of a two-stage cooling device at cooling temperatures below -50 ° C. from about 1.2 kW to 0.8 kW or below. Over a longer period of time, which in particular also includes different operating phases, as a rule an energy saving of at least 15% should be achievable.
• FIG. 1 shows a block diagram of the drive device according to the invention for a refrigerator compressor with two controlled AC asynchronous motors according to a first preferred embodiment of the invention
• FIG. 2 shows a diagram of the electrical power consumption or torque behavior of one of the asynchronous motors in the exemplary embodiment the applied supply voltage.
• FIG. 1 The schematic block diagram of Fig. 1 shows the essential functional components for the realization of the invention An horrvorrich tion according to the first preferred embodiment. Can be controlled here two AC induction motors K1, K2, which are each designed for an AC voltage of 230 V at 50 Hz.
• the motor K1, K2 respectively associated cooling circuits are interconnected or cascaded, such that a compressor motor K1 associated first cooling circuit with the Au datedumlibrary the device -
• a compressor motor K1 associated first cooling circuit with the Au datedumlibrary the device - This is embedded in a manner not shown in a conventional housing or cabinet of an ultra-low temperature refrigerator (ULT) - interacts, while, coupled to this first cooling circuit by means of a heat exchanger, not shown, a second cooling circuit by the action of the compressor motor K2 a cooling temperature generated by the first cooling circuit on the heat exchanger continues to drop to a target or useful cooling temperature of a (equally not shown) cooling space.
• ULT ultra-low temperature refrigerator
• the shown arrangement of two compressor motors K1, K2 is operable on (public) supply networks in a wide input voltage range between 100 V and 240 V AC, as they are applied to network connection means 1 0, about usual and not for a maximum current operation separately configured power outlets.
• the embodiment shown is designed so that it does not exceed applicable maximum limits according to a maximum power consumption from a supply network provided for a region in the manner to be described below; This amounts to approximately 13 A for a 230 V / 50 Hz supply network in Great Britain, but 15 A for a Japanese 100 V / 50 Hz supply network, each without the need to increase these current thresholds in a complex and costly way by additional supply measures.
• a power detection unit 12 which in particular also has a voltage detector functionality of an AC voltage applied to the mains connection 10, is connected downstream of the network connection means.
• a detector output signal of this detector means 12 is applied via a control line 13 to a mode and control unit 24 to be explained in detail below.
• the AC input signal provided by the public supply network is converted by means of a two-stage converter or inverter unit into the respective output signal for driving the asynchronous motors K1, K2, first by means of a first converter stage 14, which in an otherwise known manner, a conversion of the adjacent AC input signal into a 390 V DC, thereby additionally provided with a power factor correction (PFC), which is designed in the present case as an active power factor correction, namely in an otherwise known manner (and not shown in detail in the diagram) by means of a large capacitor the course of the absorbed current largely the (sinusoidal) mains voltage tracks.
• PFC power factor correction
• This first boost converter stage 14 is followed in the schematic block diagram of FIG. 1 by a pair of second converter assemblies 1 6-1, 1 6-2, which are assigned to the asynchronous motors K1 and K2 and connected upstream.
• These second converter stages convert the 390 V DC voltage signal into an AC voltage as the control voltage for the asynchronous motors, which, in the illustrated embodiment, is applied to two-wire output lines 21 -1, 21 -2, in which case the respective auxiliary phases of the asynchronous motors K1, K2 pass through provided, not shown in detail capacitors are produced.
• the height of the output-side AC voltage as the respective motor supply voltage is determined by a control unit designated schematically by the reference numeral 18-1 (for the converter module 16-1) or 18-2 (for the converter module 16-2), which is connected by means of a bus line 19 from the mode control unit 24 receives a voltage control signal corresponding to the AC voltage to be generated for the respective asynchronous motor K1, K2.
• the assemblies 16, 18 consist in an otherwise known manner by the control unit 18 connected power semiconductor pairs (HS, LS), approximately according to a half-bridge topology, and realize so far a switching power supply functionality with control signal-dependent AC output voltage.
• the magnitude of this control voltage applied to or to be applied to K1, K2 as output signal of the two-stage converter device is determined by the mode and control unit 24, which is dependent, in particular, on temperature input signals T1, T2 of a temperature sensor unit 26.
• the temperature value T1 a temperature signal which corresponds to a heat exchanger temperature or a connection and transition temperature between the cooling circuits associated with the motors. This advantageously ensures that only the first compressor motor K1 is initially activated until a temperature threshold is reached, for example at the named heat exchanger, during cooling down.
• the second compressor motor K 2 becomes (additionally) activates and further lowers the temperature with the associated cooling circuit.
• the temperature signal T2 output by the temperature sensor unit 26, in the exemplary embodiment shown, describes the temperature of the useful cooling region, that is to say the chamber or the region of the cooling device, in which case later the refrigerated goods should be stored at the target temperature (in this case about -80 ° C).
• the motor supply voltage is lowered, typically down to 140 V to 150 V, which, according to the solid curve in the diagram of FIG. 2, results in a significant reduction in the electrical power consumption of the relevant motor means.
• FIG. 1 additionally shows in the block diagram, a voltage supply unit 22 generates a supply voltage for the mode and control unit 24 as an additional converter unit from the 390 V DC voltage, and additionally with the reference numeral 20 a schematic fan unit is shown, which corresponds to FIG an additional control option via the bus 19, in an appropriate manner in the cooling operation can additionally intervene.
• the present invention is not limited to the embodiment shown or the parameters mentioned therein. Both the temperature and voltage ranges are almost infinitely variable. The arrangement of two cascaded cooling circuits, each with an associated asynchronous AC motor is advantageous, but the invention is not limited to this configuration. Finally, the present invention is favorable for the realization of a cooling device for the ultra-low temperature range, typically ⁇ -50 ° C, more preferably ⁇ -70 ° C, suitable, regardless of which, however, the inventive control device is also conceivable for other uses.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Power Engineering (AREA)
• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Thermal Sciences (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Control Of Ac Motors In General (AREA)
• Devices That Are Associated With Refrigeration Equipment (AREA)

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• 2016
  • 2016-07-20 EP EP16180375.4A patent/EP3273595B1/de active Active
  • 2016-07-20 DK DK16180375.4T patent/DK3273595T3/da active
• 2017
  • 2017-07-18 WO PCT/EP2017/068152 patent/WO2018015398A1/de not_active Ceased
  • 2017-07-18 DK DK17748419.3T patent/DK3488521T3/da active
  • 2017-07-18 CN CN201780050926.3A patent/CN109792225B/zh active Active
  • 2017-07-18 JP JP2019502572A patent/JP2019522957A/ja active Pending
  • 2017-07-18 US US16/318,761 patent/US11402139B2/en active Active
  • 2017-07-18 EP EP17748419.3A patent/EP3488521B1/de active Active

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