WO2018011443A1

WO2018011443A1 - Levitation, stabilisation and propulsion system for vehicles travelling through air ducts

Info

Publication number: WO2018011443A1
Application number: PCT/ES2017/000099
Authority: WO
Inventors: Manuel Muñoz Saiz; Jesús HERNANDEZ FEBLES
Original assignee: Manuel Muñoz Saiz
Priority date: 2016-07-14
Filing date: 2017-07-13
Publication date: 2018-01-18

Abstract

The invention relates to a levitation, stabilisation and propulsion system for vehicles travelling through air ducts, consisting of a duct through which carriages travel, said carriages having the same shape as the duct, but a smaller cross-section. The duct and the carriages are separated by between 0.1 and 10 cm by levitation means using separating air chambers or channels, air jets, distributed both longitudinally and transversely, of the air cushion type. The invention also comprises an air suction- and insufflation-based propulsion system using fans, blowers or turbines actuated with electric motors, and automatic stabilisation systems using peripheral air jets, adding to the stabilisation provided by means of suction and insufflation. A secondary propulsion, levitation and stabilisation system can be also be added, of the type using rotating permanent magnets actuated by electric motors.

Description

LEVITATOR, STABILIZER AND PROPULSOR SYSTEM FOR VEHICLES THAT CIRCULATE BY AIR DUCTS

FIELD OF INVENTION.- In land transport vehicles of passengers and merchandise of very high speed, avoided by air mattress, magnetic wheels, air jets, air cushions and / or peripheral wheels with air jets between said wheels and duct.

OBJECTIVE OF THE INVENTION AND ADVANTAGES.

Obtain an ultra-fast, simple car that can be placed on all types of terrain, on the ground, underground, raised on columns in sandy areas, water, etc. The nose and tail of the wagon do not need to take an aerodynamic or ogival shape, it is indifferent, it can be flat and even concave. It can be ultralight.

Provide an economic system that does not derail, is not affected by winds, dust, sand, or weather and can compete with the plane on all types of routes. Initially it could be used to transport cargo.

The front and rear feed resistance is eliminated by the suction applied to the nose and the pressure on the tail of the car.

Use the simplest, simplest and cheapest methods of avoidance.

It has the lowest friction resistance.

Take advantage of most of the energy applied. (Because everything is done in an enclosure isolated from the outside. Endorsed by fluid mechanics.)

The propulsion is carried out with a minimum energy expenditure, whereby:

It has the minimum eoste per kg. transported

It has a minimum energy expenditure

The transport is very ecological, does not pollute or produce C02.

It allows to reach very high speeds.

Easily climb the slopes

(Without competition in all of the above).

STATE OF TECHNICAL LAW. Current air cushion or magnetic levitation systems are not practical, they are difficult to feed with energy external to the car, use very expensive tracks and do not acquire very high speed. In addition, magnetic levitation needs to acquire 1 00 km / h for levitation to begin to take effect. They intend to use vacuum tubes, which reduce resistance but are more expensive, dangerous and difficult to stabilize systems. The present invention solves these problems since almost the totality of the energy applied is used, the types of levitation applied are very simple and economical, and very high speeds are obtained.

PROBLEM TO SOLVE. Airplanes squander a lot of energy, suffer or are very affected by weather events and are very polluting. Trains have many speed problems due to the large friction suffered by their wheels, and in the case of the Sevkados, their tracks are excessively expensive. All this is resolved with the present invention. DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION.- The levitator, stabilizer and propeller system for vehicles that circulate through air ducts, of the invention, consists of a duct of circular, oval, semicircular section, of larger segment of circle, square or rectangular parallelogram by whose interior circulates wagons of equal form but of smaller section, with a separation of 0.1 cm, and IQ cm. approximately between ducts and wagons, with levitation systems of air chambers and another of pressurized air channels, both of the type of air cushion, distributed longitudinally and transverse by the periphery of the wagons, a levilating system with magnetic wheels rotating, a levitation system using the air flow used in the propulsion of the wagons in the lower area between the car and duct, a system of pneumatic bearing type levitation, some levitation systems using air jets perpendicular or inclined towards the duct and levitation by peripheral wheels with air jets between the surface of the wheel and the duct, which do not allow contact. With stabilization systems using the air chambers and another of pressurized air cushions air channels, by means of rotating magnetic wheels, with the 3rd current of air used in the propulsion, with the inefficient air cushions, with the air jets perpendicular or inclined towards the conduit, with the peripheral wheels that carry air jets between them and the conduit, with electromagnets that attract the conduit and with multiple distributed fins inclined backwards and outside, around the vehicle, fins that defy the air flow, a bushing or fin on the nose and another on the tail, which can divert the air in all directions, including peripheral turbines, varying the rpm of some of the peripheral fans, varying the flow of the jets of air. The stabilization can also be achieved by applying the separation signal received by the sensors to the peripherally distributed turbines, which vary in separation depending on their rpm or with inclined air injectors that, when separated, reduce their separating action and increase it if they are comming. Lateral or warping stabilization is achieved by ballasting the lower part of the cars or with gyroscopes and applying the signal to electromagnets or inclined air jets that generate a reaction that straightens the vehicle. It can also be achieved by ballasting the vehicle. Most are automatic stabilization when the duct and wagon are approached excessively. A propellant system sucking air from the front area and throwing it backwards, and blowing air into the rear area by means of fans, fans or turbines powered by electric motors and another propulsion using the magnetic wheels operated with electric motors.

The propulsion is achieved by large fans, fans or turbines of one or multiple stages driven by electric motors. At the same time, the suction of the compressors is used to help the propulsion, for this the air from the frontal area of the car will be sucked. If desired, the fans or fans are inclined to face up to suck or direct the air back and down, producing part of the lift of the car. With these propulsion systems, there is practically no friction due to floating or the car being avoided and the losses that occur in vehicles that move or rely on a fluid are avoided, in which at least 50% of the energy is lost applied by the propellers. Using permanent magnet magnetic wheels, usually ceramic, it is not necessary to apply energy to avoid the wagons, only that used by the air jets to control the separation distance between the wagons or magnetic wheels and the ferromagnetic plate. Permanent magnets can have any direction, it is independent, so they have to be placed parallel to each other and in the same direction. The rotating magnetic wheels, on the upper face of the car, to produce or increase the avoidance, are in the form of cylindrical wheels with some peripheral convexity. In these cases they will use ducts or whips of ferromagnetic matter in the area of the duct near the car. Electromagnets can also be used, but with more energy expenditure and with a tendency to stop the vehicle.

Levitation by means of inefficient air cushions consists in preferably applying in the lower area of the car one or more curved or flat peripheral bands that adapt to the internal face of the duct of the same curved or flat surface. The duct plates are very porous and when pressure is applied to their inner face, they produce multiple bubbles between the two surfaces that avoid the car. Those that are placed in the upper zone can be to stabilize or control an excessive avoidance of the car.

Several systems are used which can be combined and used, complementing each other.

Four modes of operation are used: a) The turbines or sectioning fans and air insufflators pass most of the air through the interior of the car, b) The turbines or suction fans and air insufflators pass most of the air on the outside of the car, c) The turbines or suction and insufflator fans are applied to the duct in the area outside the duct in open circuit sections and d) The turbines or suction and insufflator fans are applied in the area outside the car, with the closed circuit conduit, which is the return and reverse or opposite direction conduit. Simultaneously, the car is longitudinally and transversally levitated and stabilized, which is done automatically by keeping the carriage parallel and centered inside the duct. This can be done by applying the air jets through slots directly on the internal surface of the duct, or by the different separating chambers, so that when the car approaches the duct in some area, the air pressure increases and with this is the repulsion, which automatically keeps the separation.

The car being surrounded by the duct, creates between both and the longitudinal and transverse joints placed on the fuselage of the car, but that do not make contact with the duct, the air separating chambers, distributed longitudinally and transversely, in which it is introduced Pressurized air through injectors and / or taking advantage of the turbine air flow. The cameras are levitating and stabilizing, with means to maintain the calibrated distance. Air jets and lower chambers with higher pressure produce levitation and stabilization automatically. The longitudinal peripheral channels act in the same way.

Although air is applied, under pressure to each of the separating chambers and to the channels, part of the pressurized air circulates between the different chambers or channels.

The air jets have two missions: One is to produce the air avoidance chambers pressurized, another create an area, the impact of the jet, which prevents or opposes the approach of the car to the duct at that point. The impact zone of the air jet may be increased and delimited by a non-sealed circular or rectangular flap or joint, creating an area of greater pressure than the external chamber to said delimitation. Air jets or injectors can control stability in every way, the lower ones also control levitation and can be larger.

The means for keeping the wagon at a calibrated distance from the tube or the plate may consist of: a) Damper wheels, to which air jets are applied between the lower part of these and the duct, b) Chambers or separating channels of pressure, and c) Air jets applied on all faces, in this case when the duct is approached to said jets it will be automatically rejected, all the more, the more its proximity to any of them. A minimum of three or four jets will be used for each section. The air jets can also influence tangential or inclined, both transversely and longitudinally against the duct and act in such a way that the reaction is inversely proportional to the distance.

Due to the high precision and small separation between the duct and the covers of the air chambers, the air leaks and the low pressure used are small, and the energy required to keep the wagon suspended is minimal.

With the center of gravity below the duct, the car remains stabilized and acts pendulously and automatically in the curves and during its linear displacement. Gyroscopes and accelerometers can control the stabilization of wagons in straight displacement and in curves, sending warp tilt signals to electromagnets that will variably attract longitudinal ferromagnetic bands or strips or to laterally inclined injectors for compensation. You can also control the separations or deviations from the longitudinal axis.

A minimum of two to eight chambers are used, separated from each other by means of rubber, plastic or metal separating joints, the joints leave a small separation with the surface of the conduit and can be damped by means of straps placed in the area posterior to said conduit. The lower separating chambers of higher pressure can be partially divided into two parts by means of a longitudinal and intermediate rubber separating joint. The separating chambers have several cross joints in front and rear areas of the wagons. These in conjunction with the longitudinal joints, and with their particular injectors, provide better stabilization to the wagons. A variant, instead of joints, uses projections or projections of the same material on the surface of the car or recesses in the central peripheral area, figure 2. The impact zones of the pressure air jet increased and delimited by circular joints or rectangular, they can be inside or outside the separating air chambers created between the main joints The longitudinal joints can be placed inside the duct. The joints can be toroidal or fins with aerodynamic profiles. Four longitudinal joints can be used, or two as in figure 2.

Limit wheels collaborate in cases of maximum displacement of the car over the duct or when it is at rest. The flap or flexible fins in Sa rear area allow for better automatic control of the carriage duct separation.

Batteries or fuel cells can be applied as electric generators. Batteries are used for emergency or 3rd power failure, both for engines and for installations.

Fuel cells are applied because they are very ecological.

In addition to the propulsion incorporated in the car, an external propulsion system consisting of blowing air in one direction of the closed duct circuit and sucking another direction in the opposite direction can be applied by Sa. Part of this air flow is captured by fans and serves to drive Sos stabilizing injectors. The flow of insufflated or suctioned air extersormeníe, besides acting as a propeller is used to drive turbines that drive generators.

The duct has normal and emergency exit doors, conveniently spaced, you can also use areas of weakening and easy breakage.

In the tunnels or under eS water, side ducts must be used for emergency exit. These lateral ducts may be the return line.

The wagons can be articulated in the form of a caterpillar and can have the center of gravity at the height of the lower third of them.

Container wagons can be used that serve to give these cylindrical exteriors and to be able to house the turbines and facilities inside it in addition to the containers to be able to levitate, stabilize and propel them. Alternatively, rectangular parallelogram section ducts can be used

The speed can be measured by counting with Sas sensors joints of the pipe sections in a certain period of time, with which the km / h is known. Speed is equal to the length of a section by the number of sections counted.

For exterior travelers, television views can be used, or the conduit can be totally or partially transparent

The engines ε electrical installations will try to run through external or watertight areas, so that they rarely pollute the air to be breathed. In this case, oxygen bottles or emergency systems that communicate the car with the outside could also be available.

The duct must not be excessively consistent, except underwater, since the applied pressures are very low.

EN air cushion ui Sizado is very efficient and has the same and very small leaks for a car that for several cars of several cars.

The turbines will be used in pairs in counter rotation to avoid the torque.

The ducts can run parallel or laterally parallel to each other.

The transfer of energy to the vehicle is done without brushes, transferring it from the two conductive bands that run the duct longitudinally or at its base, by means of radiomagnetic or radiofrequency waves and also using an alternating current in which the separation between the plates Ferromagnetic and longitudinal duct bands act as capacitors and therefore allow current to flow without contact.

The nose and tail of the car do not need to be aerodynamic or eye-shaped, it is indifferent, it can be flat and even concave.

Emergency braking is done by reducing the rpm of the fans, and by means of electromagnets that will attract the ferromagnetic bands or bands of the ducts.

In the event of an electrical or emergency failure, the batteries feed the car by driving the drive motors.

The air is filtered and conditioned before being introduced into the wagons and breathed.

Functioning: When applying power, avoidance occurs through one of the main systems: Magnetic wheels, pressurized air chambers, air circulation ducts, turbines, pressurized channels, air jets, fins around wagons and inefficient bearings. air. Stabilizing means can preferably be used: Uses rimmed with air bearings, wheels with air jets between them and the conduit, jets or air tongues perpendicular or inclined towards the conduit. The propulsion is carried out with suction or air jets sent by the turbines or with magnetic wheels driven by electric motors. The wagons are printed with fuel cells or by circulating alternating current through capacitors formed by longitudinal bands of the duct and Sos wagons. If the levitation fails or with the car stopped, the car rests on wheels.

For medium speeds, the previous systems can be used in bold, which because they are automatic without mechanisms, are very simple.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DI BUJOS

Figure 1 shows a schematic and partially sectioned view of a car and duct of the system of the invention.

Figures 2, 3, 6, 7, 1 0 to 1 3, 1 7b and i 8 show schematic and partially sectioned views of variants of the system of the invention.

Figures 4, 5, 8, 9 and 14 at 1, 7, 17a, 19b and 20, 25 and 33 show schematic and partially cross-sectional views of variants of wagons and ducts of the invention.

Figure 19 shows a wheel with multiple holes to blow air and avoid contacting the tube,

Figure 19a shows a way of applying air jets to the interior of the duct.

Figures 26 and 27 show schematic and partially cross-sectional views of duct variants and their support columns.

Figures 28, 29 and 29a show schematic views of two variant circuits or conduits of the system of the invention.

Figure 30 shows a caterpillar type junction of two wagons.

Figure 3 1 shows a schematic and perspective view of a portion of duct and wagon in a station.

The figure Ώ. It shows a plan view of a terminal with a container storage dock.

Figure 34 shows a block diagram of one form of operation.

MORE DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF A FORM OF EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION

Figure 6 shows a possible embodiment of the invention, with the wagon (2) of circular section that is surrounded by the conduit (1). The injectors {4ab and 4bc) apply the pressurized air to the left side, to the separating chambers generated between the duct or carcass, the car and the longitudinal joints (a, b and c). Three other circular joints not shown in the figure determine a total of eight chambers. The left side chambers (ab and be) are shown. The large fans or fans (3), front and rear are propellants and with a small angle of inclination produce part of the lift or avoidance by applying the air flow to the separating chambers. Stabilization can be achieved by applying the separation signal received by separation sensors to the peripherally distributed turbines (3) that vary their separation according to their rprn., Or with inclined air injectors (4í) which when separated reduce its separating action and vice versa if they approach. The lower injectors are larger or send greater pressure or flow.

Using air propeller turbines outside the car, these turbines are not necessary, only compressors and air injectors and engines for emergency operation would be used. The electric current would be generated by a turbine driven by the air jet. If any of the chambers are approached excessively to the duct, its pressure is increased and automatically separated.

Figure 1 shows the wagon (2) of circular section that is surrounded by the conduit (1). It uses a large front fan (3) and a rear fan which force the air between the rifle's fuselage of the car and the duct (1). The forward can be placed on the tip of the nose. Carry some fins or circular joints around the fuselage of the car in the middle and rear front area (l Of, 10m and l Or). Which create two chambers longitudinally, which by adding four longitudinal joints produces eight chambers, which are used to levitate and stabilize the fuselage of the car.

Figure 2 shows the wagon (2) of circular section that is surrounded by the conduit (1). It uses four large front fans (3) and other rear fans which force the air between the monocoque fuselage of the car and the duct (1). The car has a recess in its peripheral area except in its front and rear area where it carries annular projections or can carry joints. By means of the side joints (d) and the (b) of the opposite side, two pressurized chambers are created, the upper one of low pressure and the lower one of high pressure to produce levitation, it may be necessary to add the seals (l Of and l Or) of the Figure 1, Adding the circular joints (S Of, 1 0m and l Or) of Figure 1, four pressurized chambers are obtained, which in addition to levitate serve to stabilize the wagons by varying the pressure of the same.

Figure 3 shows the wagon (2) of circular section that is surrounded by the conduit (1). Use urs large front fan (3a) and another rear which propel and suck the air between the car and the duct. Preferably through the lower area to produce the avoidance, air can be passed between the car and the duct. The duct is tongue and groove (1 1} with the toroidal joint (12). Emergency braking is done with the electromagnets (29). It shows the levitating and stabilizing channels (15). In the upper zone fos (1 5s) which are Smaller and just stabilizers.

Figure 4 shows the wagon (2) of circular section that is surrounded by the conduit (1) similar to that of Figure 2 adding other elements. It uses four large front fans (3), four longitudinal joints (a, b, c and d) creating between them, the fuselage and the duct the separating chambers (ab, be, cd and da) in which they discharge the air injectors (4ab , 4bc, 4cd and 4da) respectively and other rear injectors which force the air between said jaws, and that with the flow sent by the front fans generate the separation forces Fab, Fbc, Fcd and Fda respectively. The lower two are levitating, stabilizing and older. Also the injectors sort greater or are flows. The upper ones are only stabilizing and add to the weight of the car. The separating chambers (ab, be, cd and da) are further subdivided into eight, due to the three circular joints around the fuselage. The same happens with the forces. Add the peripheral stabilizing electromagnets (12).

Figure 5 shows the wagon (2) of circular section that is surrounded by the conduit (1) similar to that of Figure 2 adding other elements. It uses four large front fans (3) and four longitudinal joints (a, b, e and d) creating between them, the fuselage and the duct the separating chambers (ab, be on the left side and the cd, on the right). Add the limit or support wheels (6) in the lower zone for low speed and rest.

Figure 7 shows the wagon (2) of circular section that is surrounded by the conduit (1). It uses a large front fan (3a) and another rear which suck the air inside the car. It is similar to that in Figure 3. The air between the car and the duct can be applied by injectors. Add four longitudinal joints, on the left side are shown the (a, b, c) creating between them, the fuselage and the duct the separating chambers. Three other circular joints not shown in the figure determine a total of eight chambers. The lateral chambers of (to the left (ab and be) are shown. The injectors (4ab and 4bc) apply the pressurized air in the left lateral area to the separating chambers generated between the duct and wagon.

Figure 8 shows the wagon (2) of circular section that is surrounded by the conduit (1). Use a large front fan (3a) and a rear fan which propel and suck the air inside the car. The air is preferentially applied or only by the lower zone to produce the excitation, in a channel between the car and the duct. The stabilizer air injectors of the car are not shown, which will be distributed over three or four points around the car. Use air jets as stabilizers than stabilizer chambers. Shows the wheels (or) dampers or low speed.

Figure 9 shows the wagon (2) of circular section that is surrounded by the conduit (1). It uses as magnetic levitators the wheels (7) that are retracted by the longitudinal ferro-magnetic bands (8). Shows the wheels (6) damping or low speed, which is maintained separated by air jets applied between its lateral, front and rear areas and the duct, automatically acting as stabilizers. It shows in the lower zone Sos levitator channels and stabilizers (1 5) and in the upper zone the stabilizers (1 Ss).

Figure 10 shows the wagon carrier (2p) of circular section that is surrounded by the conduit (I), inside it carries the containers (20). It uses four large front fans (3ρ) and another four rear which fix in the air between the [monocoque fuselage of the car and the duct (I). The duct is tongue and groove (1 i) with the toroidáí joint (12).

Figure 1 S shows the container carriage (2p) of circular section that is surrounded by the duct (i). Inside it carries the containers (20). It uses a large front fan (3p) and another rear which force the air between the monocoque fuselage of the car and the duct (1).

Figure 12 shows the wagon (2) of circular section that is surrounded by the conduit (1). Inside it carries the containers (20). It uses a large front fan (3p) and another rear which suck the air inside the container car. The air between the car and the duct is not shown in the figure.

Figure 13 shows the wagon (2p) of circular section that is surrounded by the conduit (1), inside it carries the containers (20). The car is driven by turbines or impeller pumps external to said car. The air flow is driven as per _; show by white or contoured arrows. A compressor (21) provides air flow to the injector consoles of the separation or stabilization of the car with respect to the duct.

Figure 14 shows the wagon (2p) of circular section that is surrounded by the conduit (1). Inside it carries the containers (20). The container wagon carries between its periphery and Sos containers some cameras that in this case are used to house the turbines (3p), in addition to facilities, etc.

Figure 1 5 shows the wagon (2p) of circular section that is surrounded by the conduit (1). Inside it carries the containers (20). The container wagon carries between its periphery and Sos containers some cameras that in this case are used to house the turbines (3p), wheels (6p), in addition to facilities, etc.

Figure 16 shows the carriage (2) of circular section that is surrounded by the conduit (1). It has two longitudinal cavities in the upper zone in which a forced air flow circulates through Sos fanes or stabilizing fans (3S), two in the front area and two in the rear. In the lower zone it has two longitudinal cavities, mainly levitating and, secondly, stabilizers in which the flow of air operated by the fans (3L), two front and two rear, circulates. The vectors show the stabilizing and sustaining forces applied (FS and FL).

Figure 17 shows the wagon (2) of circular section that is surrounded by the conduit (1). It has three longitudinal cavities in the middle and upper zone in which a forced air flow circulates through the fans or stabilizing fans (38), and another three in the rear, In the lower zone it presents a longitudinal cavity mainly levitating and in the second term non stabilizer in the which circulates the air flow driven by the large fan (3L) and another in the rear area. The vectors show the stable lifting and sustaining forces; applied (FS and FL).

Figure 1 7a shows the wagon (2) of circular section that is surrounded by the conduit (1). It uses levitation by air bearings, blowing pressurized air through the duct (30) the chamber (3 S) adjacent to the porous plate (32) that produces multiple air bubbles in its face in contact with the vehicle. The camera (33) is free in the case of the fall of an object in the internal zone. The wheel (6s) limits its upper travel but does not touch by having air jets between the wheel and the duct.

Figure 17b shows the duct (I) the car (2) with a stabilization system in the nose and the car's tail in Sos that the longitudinal rudders (13) are inclined with the electromagnets (12) tilting on the kneecaps ( 14) depending on the separation signals sent by four sensors.

Figure 1 8 shows the duct (1) and inside the car (2r) covered its surface by multiple fins tilted back (24r), which once guided by the cameras and levitator injectors, contribute, centering the car in the duct.

Figure 19 shows the tubular rail (1), and in its inner zone Sa wheel (oj) which does not touch the duct due to air jets (62) through multiple holes in the wheel and jets ( 61) between the wheel and the upper housing (60) that surrounds and covers it,

Figure 19a shows the ducts (70) and other verticals that apply the air jets (71 and 72) into the duct (I).

Figure 19b shows the duct (1), inside the car (2) levitated by magnetic wheels (7) that attract the rail if it is ferromagnetic or to the band (8) and stabilized with the wheels (6a) with inetetic bearings. air. They can be used for low and medium speeds. For higher speeds, the wheels (6s) can be used with air jets between wheels and duct. The two bands (8) of the electric conduction can be used.

Figure 20 shows an oval duct (I v) and oval wagon (2v), showing the longitudinal joints (a, b, c and d).

Figure 2 1 shows a semicircular duct (I s) and semi-circular wagon (2s).

Figure 22 shows a circular sector duct of about 270 ° (I g) and circular sector wagon of about 270 ° (2g).

Figure 23 shows a rectangular duct (3 r) and rectangular wagon (2r).

Figure 24 shows a trapezoidal section duct (I t) and trapezoidal car (2r). You can carry the joints in a similar way to figure 23.

Figure 25 shows an open and U-shaped conduit 21 r) and wagon or container carrier (2r).

In Figures 2 1 to 25, longitudinal joints are used, but not mentioned. In the systems of Figures 20 through 25, lateral stabilization is easier.

Figure 26 shows a form of support for the ducts (1) by means of the carias stockings (26) and these are in turn ?, with the columns (27).

Figure 27 shows a form of duct support (I) by means of the half rods (26) and you are in turn with the columns (27). Add the duct (28) úíii to carry the facilities and to move cars or maintenance personnel. All three carry the corresponding access gates to the main ducts.

Figure 28 shows a possible closed circuit with a one-way car on (2) and another on the back (2a). The pumps (1 7 and 1 7a) drive the wagons by sending an air jet behind Sos themselves and sucking from their frontal zone in which the valves (1 9 and 19a) and Sos ducts (1 8 and 1 8a) intervene , which close, stopping sucking when the car approaches the area.

Figure 29 shows a one-way circuit variant on (2b) and a return one on (2e). The pumps (1 7b and 17c) drive the wagons by sending an air ciorior behind them and sucking from their frontal zone in which the valves (1 9 and 19a) intervene, which close, stopping sucking when the car is Approaches the area. This instead of using a closed circuit, in extreme Sos uses a change of direction and track.

Figure 29a shows a variant of circuit or conduit (i) in e3 which is applied pressurization and external suction by sections by means of the pump or compressor (1 7d). Pressure air is applied through the rear area of the car (2d) and front suction until the car reaches the point at T or junction with the duct at which time the sections between the T and the valve are slightly compressed and open the valve (19d) forward and until it goes to the next section where this action is repeated automatically.

Figure 30 shows the union (22) type fuel le or caterpillar, between two wagons (1).

Figure 3 1 shows the conduit (1) with the door {1 p) open at a station at the moment when the car door (2p) is in front of it. A staircase with steps (1 c) facilitates the descent and rise of passengers.

Figure 32 shows the arrival duct (1), going up a ramp (23) for its deceleration in a load terminal and once stopped changes direction and is stored in the storage tracks (24). The arrows show the itinerary.

Figure 33 shows the duct (i) and between the east and the car (2) a special duct (li) formed by longitudinal grooves or by longitudinal or transverse valves, which close the passage of air during suction and open them in emergency when pressing the car on the front air. The figure does not show the slots or the valves.

Figure 34 shows a microprocessor that processes the signals of: Gyroscopes, accelerometers, four front and four rear separation sensors, gas control, brakes, front and rear area weight, or duct rupture, detected by changes in pressure along it. Once processed, the microprocessor provides and sends multiple and repetitive signals: Four front stabilization control and four other front and rear zone levitation signals sent to injectors, fin actuators or electromagnets and fault warning signals. system, speed control, braking, propulsion and speed indication.

Claims

one . Eevitator, hoist and propeller system for vehicles with wagons that circulate through air ducts characterized in that the separation between wagons and conduit is in the range of 0. 1 cm to 10 era and because it comprises:

a) Ieviators means consisting of pressurized air chambers formed by joints between the wagons and the duct, the lower chambers being of greater dimensions or of greater pressure: between the wagons, the duct and some joints, the lower chambers are of greater dimensions or of higher pressure;

b) stabilizing means consisting of air jets, perpendicular or inclined in relation to the duct;

c) propellant means consisting of fans driven by electric motors;

d) and means of electrical installation consisting of batteries.

2. System according to claim 1, characterized in that it additionally comprises means consisting of air channels of the wagons, both of the type of air cushion, distributed longitudinally and transversely along the periphery of Sos wagons, the lower ones are of larger dimensions or higher pressure

3. System according to claim 1, characterized in that it additionally comprises means consisting of rotating magnetic wheels.

4. System according to claim 1, characterized in that it additionally comprises as air means the air flow used in the propulsion of the wagons in the lower area between car and duct.

5. System according to claim 1, characterized in that it additionally comprises preventive means consisting of inefficient air cushions.

6. System according to claim 1, characterized in that it additionally comprises means consisting of fins that deflect the air flow downwards.

7. System according to claim 1, characterized in that it additionally comprises means that are avoidants consisting of perpendicular or inclined air jets in relation to the duct.

System according to claim 1, characterized in that it additionally comprises means ievitators consisting of peripheral wheels with air jets between the surface of the wheel and the conduit.

9. System according to claim 1, characterized in that it additionally comprises stabilization means consisting of pressurized air chambers of the air mattress type, placed around the wagons,

System according to claim i, characterized in that it additionally comprises stabilization means consisting of pressurized air channels, of the air mattress type, placed around the wagons.

1 1. System according to claim 1, characterized in that it additionally comprises stabilization consisting of rotating magnetic wheels.

12. System according to claim 1, characterized in that it additionally comprises stabilization means consisting of the air flow used in the propulsion.

13. System according to claim 1, characterized in that it additionally comprises stabilization means consisting of air bearings.

14. System according to claim 1, characterized in that it additionally comprises stabilization means consisting of peripheral wheels carrying air jets between them and the conduit.

15. System according to claim 1, characterized in that it additionally comprises stabilization means consisting of electromagnets that attract the conduit.

16. System according to claim 1, characterized in that it additionally comprises stabilization means consisting of multiple distributed fins inclined backward and outward, around the vehicle.

17. System according to claim 1, characterized in that it additionally comprises stabilization means consisting of a bushing or fin in the nose and another in the tail.

18. System according to claim 1, characterized in that it additionally comprises stabilization means consisting of the inclination of the peripheral turbines.

19. System according to claim 1, characterized in that it additionally comprises stabilization means consisting of the variation of the rpm of at least one of the peripheral slanes.

20. System according to claim 1, characterized in that it additionally comprises stabilization means consisting of the separation signal received by the sensors and applied to peripherally distributed turbines.

21. System according to claim 1, characterized in that it additionally comprises stabilization means consisting of inclined injectors, which when separated reduce their separating action and vice versa when they approach.

22. System according to claim 1, characterized in that it additionally comprises lateral stabilization or warping means consisting of the ballasting of the wagons and application of the signal to electromagnets or inclined air jets that generate a reaction that straightens the vehicle.

23. System according to claim 1, further comprising propulsion means consisting of magnetic wheels actuated with electric motors.

24. System according to claim 1, characterized in that it additionally comprises power supply means consisting of fuel cells.

25. System according to claim 1, characterized in that it additionally comprises power supply means consisting of electrical bands along the conduit and the current is transferred to the interior by electromagnetic or radiofrequency waves.

26. System according to claim 1, characterized in that it additionally comprises power supply means consisting of electrical bands along the conduit and the current is transferred to the interior as an alternating current using conduit and vehicle bands acting as capacitors

27. System according to claim i, characterized in that it additionally comprises means for controlling elvitation, stabilization, propulsion and warnings, consisting of a microprocessor which processes the signals of: gyroscopes, accelerometers, four front separation sensors and four other rear distributed around the wagon, gas control, brakes, phage detection of the duct, weight of the front and rear zone, the microprocessor once processed provides and sends multiple and repetitive signals: Four of front stabilization control and others four rear, signal or signals of Sevitation front and rear zone sent to injectors, fin actuators or electromagnets and warning signals of system failures, speed control, braking, propulsion and speed indication.

28. System according to claim 1, characterized in that it uses filters for filtering the air that is introduced into the cars,

29. System according to claim 3, characterized in that the rotating magnetic wheels have cylindrical shape and peripheral convexity.

30. System according to claim 2, characterized in that the air chambers use rubber, plastic or metal separating joints, and leaving a small separation with the duct surface, are created between two or four longitudinal joints and two or three

3 3. System according to claim 1, characterized in that the impact areas of the pressurized air jet are delimited by circular or rectangular section joints, which are placed inside and outside the air chambers.

32. System according to claim 1, characterized in that the rear and front area of the wagons, where the air chambers end, are topped by flexible fins.

33. System according to claim i, characterized in that the cars have the center of gravity in the lower third of the same, placing most of the cargo and facilities in said area.

34. System according to claim 1, characterized in that the duct has normal and emergency exit doors throughout the circuit, conveniently spaced, and the duct has areas of weakening and easy breakage.

35. System according to claim i, characterized in that it uses cylindrical container wagons that house turbines and installations inside it, in addition to the containers.

36. System according to claim 1, characterized in that Sos wagons are of circular section and have two longitudinal cavities in the upper zone in which a forced air flow circulates through coughs or stabilizing fans (3S) and in the lower zone it has two Longitudinal cavities, mainly Sevitator and, secondly, stabilizers in which the air flow driven by the fans (3L) circulates, these fanes are applied in the anterior and posterior part of the wagons.

37. System according to claim 1, characterized in that the wagons are of circular section and they have three longitudinal cavities in a middle and upper zone in which a forced air flow circulates through fans or stabilizing fans (3 S) and three others in the rear zone, in the lower zone it presents a longitudinal cavity, mainly leviíadora and secondly, it is a stable hoist and through which the air flow circulates through a fian (3L) in the front area and another one in the rear area.

38. System according to claim 1, characterized in that it uses pairs of turbines, fans or fans that rotate in eorstrarroíaeión.

39. System according to claim S, characterized in that the duct is circular in section.

40. System according to claim I, characterized in that the duct is oval in section. 43. System according to claim 1, characterized in that the duct is of semicircular section.

42. System according to claim 1, characterized in that the duct is of a larger segment segment.

43. System according to claim 1, characterized in that the duct is square in section.

44. System according to claim S, characterized in that the duct is of rectangular parallelogram section.

45. System according to claim 1, characterized in that the wagons have the same external shape as the ducts, but of smaller section.

46. System according to claim 1, characterized in that the emergency braking is carried out by means of electromagnets that will attract the ferromagnetic bands or bands of the conduits and reducing the rpm of the fans.

47. System according to claim 1, characterized in that the wagons carry four or more tanks with liquids placed in the corners or periphery of the wagon to balance or maintain stable weights at each point in case of displacement of the load, passage or consumption made out of fuel.

48. System according to claim 1, characterized in that a special duct (3 i) with multiple longitudinal grooves is placed between the conduit (1) and the car (2).

49. System according to claim 1, characterized in that a special conduit formed by longitudinal or transverse valves is placed between the duct (1) and the car (2), which close the passage of air during suction and open them in emergency by pressing the car on the front air,