WO2018006705A1 - 一种超声骨刀刀头 - Google Patents

一种超声骨刀刀头 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018006705A1
WO2018006705A1 PCT/CN2017/089194 CN2017089194W WO2018006705A1 WO 2018006705 A1 WO2018006705 A1 WO 2018006705A1 CN 2017089194 W CN2017089194 W CN 2017089194W WO 2018006705 A1 WO2018006705 A1 WO 2018006705A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
ultrasonic bone
cutter head
bone cutter
present
cutting portion
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2017/089194
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
孙宇
冯振
刘庆明
曹群
Original Assignee
北京水木天蓬医疗技术有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 北京水木天蓬医疗技术有限公司 filed Critical 北京水木天蓬医疗技术有限公司
Priority to BR212018077065U priority Critical patent/BR212018077065U2/pt
Priority to TR2018/20017T priority patent/TR201820017T6/tr
Priority to JP2018568782A priority patent/JP2019524207A/ja
Priority to EP17823517.2A priority patent/EP3479783A1/en
Priority to KR2020197000008U priority patent/KR20190000641U/ko
Publication of WO2018006705A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018006705A1/zh
Priority to US16/237,792 priority patent/US20190209184A1/en

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/16—Bone cutting, breaking or removal means other than saws, e.g. Osteoclasts; Drills or chisels for bones; Trepans
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/16—Bone cutting, breaking or removal means other than saws, e.g. Osteoclasts; Drills or chisels for bones; Trepans
    • A61B17/1604—Chisels; Rongeurs; Punches; Stamps
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/16—Bone cutting, breaking or removal means other than saws, e.g. Osteoclasts; Drills or chisels for bones; Trepans
    • A61B17/1613—Component parts
    • A61B17/1615—Drill bits, i.e. rotating tools extending from a handpiece to contact the worked material
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/16—Bone cutting, breaking or removal means other than saws, e.g. Osteoclasts; Drills or chisels for bones; Trepans
    • A61B17/1659—Surgical rasps, files, planes, or scrapers
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/16—Bone cutting, breaking or removal means other than saws, e.g. Osteoclasts; Drills or chisels for bones; Trepans
    • A61B17/1695—Trepans or craniotomes, i.e. specially adapted for drilling thin bones such as the skull
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/32—Surgical cutting instruments
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/32—Surgical cutting instruments
    • A61B17/320068—Surgical cutting instruments using mechanical vibrations, e.g. ultrasonic
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61C—DENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
    • A61C1/00—Dental machines for boring or cutting ; General features of dental machines or apparatus, e.g. hand-piece design
    • A61C1/02—Dental machines for boring or cutting ; General features of dental machines or apparatus, e.g. hand-piece design characterised by the drive of the dental tools
    • A61C1/07—Dental machines for boring or cutting ; General features of dental machines or apparatus, e.g. hand-piece design characterised by the drive of the dental tools with vibratory drive, e.g. ultrasonic
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61C—DENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
    • A61C3/00—Dental tools or instruments
    • A61C3/02—Tooth drilling or cutting instruments; Instruments acting like a sandblast machine
    • A61C3/03—Instruments operated by vibration
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/16—Bone cutting, breaking or removal means other than saws, e.g. Osteoclasts; Drills or chisels for bones; Trepans
    • A61B2017/1602—Mills
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/16—Bone cutting, breaking or removal means other than saws, e.g. Osteoclasts; Drills or chisels for bones; Trepans
    • A61B17/1644—Bone cutting, breaking or removal means other than saws, e.g. Osteoclasts; Drills or chisels for bones; Trepans using fluid other than turbine drive fluid
    • A61B2017/1651—Bone cutting, breaking or removal means other than saws, e.g. Osteoclasts; Drills or chisels for bones; Trepans using fluid other than turbine drive fluid for cooling
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/32—Surgical cutting instruments
    • A61B2017/320004—Surgical cutting instruments abrasive
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/32—Surgical cutting instruments
    • A61B2017/320004—Surgical cutting instruments abrasive
    • A61B2017/320008—Scrapers
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/32—Surgical cutting instruments
    • A61B17/320068—Surgical cutting instruments using mechanical vibrations, e.g. ultrasonic
    • A61B2017/320072—Working tips with special features, e.g. extending parts
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/32—Surgical cutting instruments
    • A61B17/320068—Surgical cutting instruments using mechanical vibrations, e.g. ultrasonic
    • A61B2017/320072—Working tips with special features, e.g. extending parts
    • A61B2017/320074—Working tips with special features, e.g. extending parts blade
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/32—Surgical cutting instruments
    • A61B17/320068—Surgical cutting instruments using mechanical vibrations, e.g. ultrasonic
    • A61B2017/320072—Working tips with special features, e.g. extending parts
    • A61B2017/320078—Tissue manipulating surface

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of medical device equipment, and in particular to a scalpel, and more particularly to an ultrasonic bone cutter head.
  • the present invention provides an ultrasonic bone cutter head comprising a cutting portion at the front end of the ultrasonic bone cutter head, a blade body connected to the transducer, a cutter portion connecting the cutting portion and the blade body, and a cutting portion
  • the shape is a long cylindrical shape, the ends of which are gathered, and a plurality of spiral blades are opened on the side of the cylinder.
  • the ultrasonic bone cutter head of the invention generates high frequency vibration in the longitudinal direction, and can drill a small hole in the bone surface. With the deepening of the cutter head, the cutting edge grinds and scrapes the inner wall of the small hole, and the aperture is continuously expanded. Repeat this operation to achieve the intended purpose of the operation.
  • the ultrasonic bone cutter head of the present invention preferably, the ultrasonic bone cutter head has a hollow structure.
  • the cutting edges are arranged at equal intervals on the side surface of the cylindrical portion of the cutting portion.
  • the cutter bar is bent at an angle.
  • the blade body has a cylindrical shape
  • the cutter bar has a cylindrical shape
  • the outer diameter of the cutter bar is smaller than the outer diameter of the blade body
  • the cutter bar and the blade body have a smooth transition
  • the outer diameter of the cutter portion is smaller than the cutter bar
  • the outer diameter, the cutting portion and the tool holder have a smooth transition.
  • the plurality of cutting edges are provided with teeth.
  • the teeth are aligned in the circumferential direction.
  • the teeth are arranged in a spiral shape in the circumferential direction.
  • the position at which the teeth are opened starts from a position near the middle of the cutting portion and ends at the end of the cylindrical portion of the cutting portion.
  • the cutter body is provided with a gripping surface for gripping.
  • the ultrasonic bone cutter head of the invention is extremely and compact, can accurately control the cutting amount and shape of the bone, reduce the amount of bone loss during the operation, and accelerate the recovery time of the patient.
  • the thermal effect of the ultrasonic bone cutter head according to the present invention can also play a role in stopping blood coagulation and reducing the amount of intraoperative blood loss.
  • the ultrasonic bone cutter head of the present invention is accurately positioned without The phenomenon of slippage and deviation occurs, and the cutting process is smooth and the maneuverability is high.
  • the head can be used for grinding, drilling, scraping, dressing, etc. It integrates drilling and grinding functions, and the bone tissue can be operated at the top and side of the cutting part.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an ultrasonic bone cutter head according to a first embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a front elevational view showing an ultrasonic bone cutter head according to a second embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a perspective view of an ultrasonic bone cutter head according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4A is a schematic view showing an embodiment of a cutting portion of a ultrasonic bone cutter head according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 4B is a schematic view showing another embodiment of the cutting portion of the ultrasonic bone cutter head of the present invention.
  • Figure 5 (a) is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a first embodiment of the cutting portion of the ultrasonic bone cutter head of the present invention
  • Figure 5 (b) is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a second embodiment of the cutting portion of the ultrasonic bone cutter head of the present invention.
  • Figure 5 (c) is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a third embodiment of the cutting portion of the ultrasonic bone cutter bit of the present invention.
  • Figure 5 (d) is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a fourth embodiment of the cutting portion of the ultrasonic bone cutter bit of the present invention.
  • Figure 5 (e) is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a fifth embodiment of the cutting portion of the ultrasonic bone cutter head of the present invention.
  • Fig. 5 (f) is a schematic cross sectional view showing a sixth embodiment of the cutting portion of the ultrasonic bone cutter head of the present invention.
  • connection In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms “installation”, “connected”, and “connected” are to be understood broadly, and may be fixed or detachable, for example, unless otherwise explicitly defined and defined. Connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanical or electrical; can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, can be the internal communication of the two components.
  • Connected, or integrally connected can be mechanical or electrical; can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, can be the internal communication of the two components.
  • the specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in a specific case by those skilled in the art.
  • the ultrasonic bone cutter head according to the first embodiment of the present invention comprises a cutting portion 1 at the front end of the ultrasonic bone cutter head, a blade body 3 connected to the transducer, and one end connected to the cutting portion 1 and the other end and
  • the cutter bar 2 to which the blade body 3 is connected has a shape of a long cylindrical shape, and its end is gathered, and a plurality of spiral blade edges 4 are opened on the side surface of the cylinder.
  • the ultrasonic bone cutter head of the invention uses ultrasonic as power to generate micron-level vibration in the longitudinal direction, and the operator can use the ultrasonic bone cutter head to complete the drilling and grinding of the bone without rotation.
  • the body tissue produces damage such as coiling and pulling.
  • the operator can easily and accurately operate at a specified position by using an ultrasonic bone cutter head of the present invention, and the ultrasonic bone cutter head does not slip or deviate.
  • the ultrasonic bone cutter head of the invention has high safety, strong maneuverability and simple use, and can realize integrated operation of drilling and grinding, and the top and side edges of the ultrasonic bone cutter head 4 can operate on bone tissue.
  • the ultrasonic bone cutter head according to the second embodiment of the present invention is substantially similar to the ultrasonic bone cutter head of the first embodiment of the present invention, except that the ultrasonic bone cutter of the second embodiment of the present invention is different.
  • the cutter head has a hollow structure.
  • the ultrasonic bone cutter head with hollow structure can save material on the one hand, making the structure of the ultrasonic bone cutter head lighter, more labor-saving and more comfortable to operate.
  • the hollow structure can make the fluid flow from the middle. After that, the ultrasonic bone cutter head can be cooled or flushed by the liquid, and other aspects of drainage can be realized.
  • the cutting edges 4 are equally spaced on the cylindrical side surface of the cutting portion 1, thereby facilitating the equally spaced manner of the cutting edge 4 machining.
  • FIG. 3 is a perspective view of an ultrasonic bone cutter head according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
  • the ultrasonic bone cutter head according to the third embodiment of the present invention is substantially similar to the structure of the ultrasonic bone cutter head according to the first embodiment of the present invention, except that the ultrasonic bone cutter of the third embodiment of the present invention is different.
  • the shank 2 of the cutter head is bent at an angle, and the ultrasonic bone cutter head having the curved shank 2 can be wound around the body tissue to operate the underlying bone, thereby expanding the application of the ultrasonic bone cutter head of the present invention. range.
  • the blade body 3 has a cylindrical shape
  • the knife bar 2 has a cylindrical shape
  • the outer diameter of the knife bar 2 is smaller than the outer diameter of the blade body 3
  • the tool bar 2 and the blade body 3 has a smooth transition
  • the outer diameter of the cutting portion 1 is smaller than the outer diameter of the knife bar 2
  • the cutting portion 1 and the tool bar 2 have a smooth transition.
  • the smooth transition structure effectively prevents stress concentration while preventing sharp corners from damaging the operator.
  • FIG. 4A is a schematic view showing an embodiment of a cutting portion of a ultrasonic bone cutter head according to the present invention, wherein FIG. 4B is another embodiment of the cutting portion of the ultrasonic bone cutter head of the present invention; Schematic diagram.
  • the cutter teeth 5 may be formed on the plurality of cutting edges 4.
  • the teeth 5 are aligned in the circumferential direction.
  • the teeth 5 are helically arranged along the circumferential direction.
  • the teeth 5 can also be arranged in any other form as long as they can perform the cutting action on the body tissue.
  • the position at which the teeth 5 are opened may start from the position of the middle portion of the cutting portion 1 near the shank 2, and terminate at the end of the cylinder of the cutting portion 1.
  • the position at which the teeth 5 are opened is the main working portion of the cutting portion 1, and thus the opening of the teeth 5 at this position can greatly improve the working efficiency of the ultrasonic bone cutter head of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5(a) to 5(f) are cross-sectional schematic views showing the first to sixth embodiments of the cutting portion 1 of the ultrasonic bone cutter bit of the present invention, in which the blade is shown Four different shapes of 4.
  • the cutting edge 4 is formed by adjacent grooves, the adjacent groove being at the axis of the bit
  • the cross section (ie, the cross section) in the direction perpendicular to the rectangle is a part of the rectangle.
  • the cutting edge 4 is formed by adjacent grooves, the adjacent groove being at the axis of the bit
  • the section in the direction perpendicular to the cross section i.e., the cross section
  • the formed blade 4 is inclined in the clockwise direction or the counterclockwise direction around the circumferential direction of the cutter head.
  • the cutting edge 4 is formed by adjacent grooves, the adjacent groove being at the axis of the bit
  • the section in the direction perpendicular to each other i.e., the cross section
  • the formed blade 4 extends in the radial direction of the cutter head to form a radial shape.
  • the cutting edge 4 is formed by adjacent grooves, the adjacent groove being at the axis of the bit
  • the section in the direction perpendicular to the cross section i.e., the cross section
  • the cross section is a part of the trapezoid so that the formed blade 4 has an inverted trapezoidal cross section. Radially extending along the radial direction of the cutter head.
  • the cutting edge 4 is formed by adjacent grooves, the adjacent groove being in the axis of the cutter head
  • the section in the direction perpendicular to the cross section i.e., the cross section
  • the cross section of the formed blade 4 is an inverted trapezoid which is inclined clockwise or counterclockwise in the circumferential direction of the tip.
  • the blade 4 is formed by adjacent grooves, the adjacent groove being at the axis of the bit
  • the section in the direction perpendicular to the cross section is part of a right triangle, so that the cross section of the formed blade 4 A trapezoid that is inclined clockwise or counterclockwise along the circumference of the cutter head.
  • the cross-sectional shape of the cutting portion 1 is not limited to (a) to (f) in FIG. 5, and any shape that can achieve bone scraping, bone cutting, and bone drilling can be used as the cutting edge 4. shape.
  • the cutter body 3 is provided with a gripping surface 6 for gripping. It is convenient for the operator to clamp the clamping surface 6 with the clamping tool and screw the ultrasonic bone cutter head of the present invention onto the transducer.
  • the blade body 3 is provided with a coupling mechanism 7.
  • the connecting mechanism 7 is a threaded structure, which may be an external thread or an internal thread.
  • the attachment mechanism 7 is not limited to the threaded structure, as long as any attachment mechanism 7 capable of fixing the ultrasonic bone cutter head of the present invention to the transducer in a detachable manner can be provided in the ultrasonic bone cutter of the present invention.
  • the blade of the blade is on the blade 3.
  • the ultrasonic bone cutter head of the invention is compact and compact, can accurately control the cutting amount and shape of the bone, reduce the amount of bone loss during the operation, and accelerate the recovery time of the patient.
  • the ultrasonic bone cutter head of the present invention has a hemostatic coagulation effect during the osteotomy, and reduces the amount of intraoperative blood loss.
  • the ultrasonic bone cutter head of the present invention is used for the operation, the cutter head does not rotate, and the body tissue is not damaged by winding, pulling, etc., and has high safety.
  • the ultrasonic bone cutter head of the invention has accurate positioning during the operation, and does not cause slippage and offset phenomenon, and the cutting process is stable and the maneuverability is high.
  • the ultrasonic bone cutter head of the invention can be ground, drilled, scraped, trimmed, etc., and integrates the drilling and grinding functions.
  • the top and side of the cutting part 1 can operate the bone tissue.
  • the ultrasonic bone cutter head of the invention has the advantages of simple structure, convenient processing, flexible operation and wide application range.
  • the use of the ultrasonic bone cutter head of the invention has high efficiency, high speed and short operation time, which can reduce the patient's pain and reduce the labor intensity of the doctor.

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Abstract

一种超声骨刀刀头，包括位于超声骨刀刀头前端的切割部（1）、与换能器连接的刀身（3）以及连接切割部（1）和刀身（3）的刀杆（2），切割部（1）外形呈长圆柱体形状，其端头收拢，在圆柱体的侧面上开设有多条螺旋形刀刃（4）。使用该超声骨刀刀头进行手术时，刀头不发生旋转，从而不会对机体组织产生卷绞、牵拉等危害。该超声骨刀刀头定位准确，不会在骨骼表面产生滑移、跑偏现象，其切削过程平稳，可操控性高。使用该超声骨刀刀头可进行磨削、钻孔、刮削、修整等操作。该超声骨刀刀头集钻孔功能、磨削功能于一身，实现一刀多用，节约了手术时间，降低了手术医生的疲劳感。

Description

一种超声骨刀刀头 技术领域
本发明涉及医疗器械设备领域，特别是涉及一种手术刀，尤其是涉及一种超声骨刀刀头。
背景技术
在现代社会中，随着医疗技术的发展，骨科手术呈现多样化趋势，相应地，实施手术时，需要针对不同的骨科病情采用不同形状的手术刀头对患处进行切割、磨削、刮疗、夹持等操作。
在骨科手术中，经常需要对骨骼进行磨钻操作，通常采用气钻或者是电钻设备，利用其高速旋转的特点对骨骼组织进行切削，以达到磨削和钻孔的目的。在实际应用中，一方面，钻头高速旋转会对周围血管、神经等需要重点保护的组织结构产生卷绞、牵拉的危害，从而对病人造成致命的伤害，进而导致手术失败。另一方面，高速旋转的钻头在接触机体组织时会产生振动，容易偏离指定位置，即操作过程不够平稳，会产生滑移、偏离的现象。从而伤害到其它非手术部位，造成危险。这对医护人员的操作水平提出了更高的要求，降低了手术成功率，提高了患者的手术风险。
发明内容
针对上述现有技术的问题，本发明提供一种超声骨刀刀头，包括位于超声骨刀刀头前端的切割部，与换能器连接的刀身，连接切割部以及刀身的刀杆，切割部外形呈长圆柱体形状，其端头收拢，在圆柱体的侧面上开设有多条螺旋形刀刃。
本发明的超声骨刀刀头在纵向上产生高频振动，可以在骨骼表面钻开小孔，随着刀头的深入，刀刃对小孔内壁产生磨削、刮削操作，孔径不断扩大， 反复进行此项操作，即可实现手术预期目的。
本发明的超声骨刀刀头中，优选为，超声骨刀刀头为中空结构。
本发明的超声骨刀刀头中，优选为，刀刃在切割部圆柱体侧面上等间隔排列。
本发明的超声骨刀刀头中，优选为，刀杆以一定角度弯曲。
本发明的超声骨刀刀头中，优选为，刀身呈圆柱体形状，刀杆呈圆柱体形状，刀杆外径小于刀身外径，刀杆与刀身呈平滑过渡；切割部外径小于刀杆外径，切割部与刀杆呈平滑过渡。
本发明的超声骨刀刀头中，优选为，多条刀刃上开设有刀齿。
本发明的超声骨刀刀头中，优选为，刀齿沿周向对齐排列。
本发明的超声骨刀刀头中，优选为，刀齿沿周向呈螺旋状排列。
本发明的超声骨刀刀头中，优选为，刀齿开设的位置起始于切割部中段靠近刀杆的位置，终止于切割部圆柱体末端。
本发明的超声骨刀刀头中，优选为，刀身上设置有用于夹持的夹持面。
本发明的超声骨刀刀头精致小巧、可精确控制对骨头的切削量以及形状，降低术中的切骨损失量，加快病人的恢复时间。在切骨过程中，基于本发明的超声骨刀刀头的热效应，还可以起到止血凝血的作用，降低术中出血量。使用本发明的超声骨刀刀头进行手术时，刀头不产生旋转，因而不会对机体组织产生卷绞、牵拉的危害，同时，使用本发明的超声骨刀刀头定位准确，不会出现滑移、跑偏的现象，其切削过程平稳，可操控性高。使用本发明的超声骨刀刀 头可进行磨削、钻孔、刮削、修整等操作，集钻孔、磨削功能于一身，切割部顶端与侧面均可对骨组织进行操作。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明具体实施方式或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对具体实施方式或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图是本发明的一些实施方式，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为本发明第一实施方式的超声骨刀刀头的立体示意图；
图2为本发明第二实施方式的超声骨刀刀头的主视示意图；
图3为本发明第三实施方式的超声骨刀刀头的立体示意图；
图4A为本发明的超声骨刀刀头的开设有刀齿的切割部的一个实施例的示意图；
图4B为本发明的超声骨刀刀头的开设有刀齿的切割部的另一个实施例的示意图；
图5中的(a)为本发明的超声骨刀刀头的切割部的第一实施例的横截面示意图；
图5中的(b)为本发明的超声骨刀刀头的切割部的第二实施例的横截面示意图；
图5中的(c)为本发明的超声骨刀刀头的切割部的第三实施例的横截面示意图；
图5中的(d)为本发明的超声骨刀刀头的切割部的第四实施例的横截面示意图；
图5中的(e)为本发明的超声骨刀刀头的切割部的第五实施例的横截面示意图；
图5中的(f)为本发明的超声骨刀刀头的切割部的第六实施例的横截面示意图。
附图标记：
1～切割部；     2～刀杆；       3～刀身；     4～刀刃；
5～刀齿；       6～夹持面；     7～连接机构。
具体实施方式
下面将结合附图对本发明的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
在本发明的描述中，需要说明的是，术语“中心”、“上”、“下”、“左”、“右”、“竖直”、“水平”、“内”、“外”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本发明和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本发明的限制。此外，术语“第一”、“第二”、“第三”仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性。
在本发明的描述中，需要说明的是，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或一体地连接；可以是机械连接，也可以是电连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以具体情况理解上述术语在本发明中的具体含义。
图1为本发明第一实施方式的超声骨刀刀头的立体示意图。如图1所示，本发明第一实施方式的超声骨刀刀头包括位于超声骨刀刀头前端的切割部1、与换能器连接的刀身3以及一端与切割部1连接而另一端与刀身3连接的刀杆2，切割部1外形呈长圆柱体形状，其端头收拢，在圆柱体的侧面上开设有多条螺旋形的刀刃4。本发明的一种超声骨刀刀头采用超声作为动力，在纵向产生微米级振动，操作人员使用该超声骨刀刀头无需旋转就可完成对骨头的钻孔、磨孔等操作，不会对机体组织产生卷绞、牵拉等危害。操作人员使用本发明的一种超声骨刀刀头可轻松精确的在指定位置进行操作，超声骨刀刀头不会出现滑移、偏离的现象。本发明的一种超声骨刀刀头的安全性高、操控性强、使用简便，它可以实现钻、磨一体化操作，超声骨刀刀头顶端与侧面刀刃 4均可对骨组织进行操作。
图2为本发明第二实施方式的超声骨刀刀头的主视示意图。如图2所示，本发明第二实施方式的超声骨刀刀头与本发明第一实施方式的超声骨刀刀头的结构大体相似，不同之处在于本发明第二实施方式的超声骨刀刀头为中空结构。采用了中空结构的超声骨刀刀头一方面可以节省材料，使得超声骨刀刀头的结构更为轻便，握持起来更为省力，操作更加自如；另一方面，中空结构可以使得流体从中流过，既可以通入液体对超声骨刀刀头进行降温或对伤口进行冲洗，也可以实现其他方面的引流作用。
在本发明第一实施方式和第二实施方式的超声骨刀刀头中，优选为，刀刃4在切割部1的圆柱体侧面上等间隔排列，由此便于采用等间距的方式对刀刃4进行加工。
图3为本发明第三实施方式的超声骨刀刀头的立体示意图。如图3所示，本发明第三实施方式的超声骨刀刀头与本发明第一实施方式的超声骨刀刀头的结构大体相似，不同之处在于本发明第三实施方式的超声骨刀刀头的刀杆2以一定角度弯曲，具有弯曲的刀杆2的超声骨刀刀头可以绕到机体组织后方对下面的骨骼进行操作，由此拓展了本发明的超声骨刀刀头的应用范围。
在本发明的超声骨刀刀头，如图1和图2所示，优选为，刀身3呈圆柱体形状，刀杆2呈圆柱体形状，刀杆2外径小于刀身3外径，刀杆2与刀身3呈平滑过渡，切割部1外径小于刀杆2外径，切割部1与刀杆2呈平滑过渡。平滑过渡的结构可以有效地防止应力集中，同时防止尖锐边角对操作人员的伤害。
图4A为本发明的超声骨刀刀头的开设有刀齿的切割部的一个实施例的示意图，图4B为本发明的超声骨刀刀头的开设有刀齿的切割部的另一个实施例的示意图。如图4A和图4B所示，本发明的超声骨刀刀头中，也可以在多条刀刃4上开设有刀齿5。在图4A所示的实施例中，刀齿5沿周向对齐排列。在图 4B所示的另一实施例中，刀齿5沿着周向呈螺旋状排列。当然，刀齿5也可以按照其它任何形式进行排列，只要能够起到对机体组织的切割作用即可。
如图4A和图4B所示，本发明的超声骨刀刀头中，开设刀齿5的位置可以起始于切割部1中段靠近刀杆2的位置，终止于切割部1圆柱体末端。开设刀齿5的位置是切割部1的主要工作部位，如此将刀齿5开设在这个位置可以极大地提高本发明的超声骨刀刀头的工作效率。
图5中的(a)至图5中的(f)示出了本发明的超声骨刀刀头的切割部1的第一实施例至第六实施例的横截面示意图，其中示出了刀刃4的六种不同的形状。在图5中的(a)所示的本发明的超声骨刀刀头的切割部的第一实施例中，由相邻的沟槽形成刀刃4，该相邻的沟槽在与刀头轴线相垂直的方向上的截面(即横截面)为矩形的一部分。在图5中的(b)所示的本发明的超声骨刀刀头的切割部的第二实施例中，由相邻的沟槽形成刀刃4，该相邻的沟槽在与刀头轴线相垂直的方向上的截面(即横截面)为不规则多边形矩形的一部分，所形成的刀刃4绕刀头的圆周方向以顺时针方向或逆时针方向倾斜。在图5中的(c)所示的本发明的超声骨刀刀头的切割部的第三实施例中，由相邻的沟槽形成刀刃4，该相邻的沟槽在与刀头轴线相垂直的方向上的截面(即横截面)同样为不规则多边形矩形的一部分，但是与本发明的超声骨刀刀头的切割部的第二实施例不同之处在于，第三实施例中所形成的刀刃4沿刀头的径向延伸而形成辐射状。在图5中的(d)所示的本发明的超声骨刀刀头的切割部的第四实施例中，由相邻的沟槽形成刀刃4，该相邻的沟槽在与刀头轴线相垂直的方向上的截面(即横截面)为梯形的一部分，从而使所形成的刀刃4的横截面为倒梯形。沿刀头的径向延伸而形成辐射状。在图5中的(e)所示的本发明的超声骨刀刀头的切割部的第五实施例中，由相邻的沟槽形成刀刃4，该相邻的沟槽在与刀头轴线相垂直的方向上的截面(即横截面)为平行四边形的一部分，从而使所形成的刀刃4的横截面为沿刀头周向以顺时针或逆时针倾斜的倒梯形。在图6中的(f)所示的本发明的超声骨刀刀头的切割部的第六实施例中，由相邻的沟槽形成刀刃4，该相邻的沟槽在与刀头轴线相垂直的方向上的截面(即横截面)为直角三角形的一部分，从而使所形成的刀刃4的横截面 为沿刀头周向以顺时针或逆时针倾斜的梯形。当然，切割部1的横截面形状并不局限于图5中的(a)至图5中的(f)所示，只要能够实现刮骨、削骨、钻骨的任何形状都可以作为刀刃4的形状。
如图1和图3所示，本发明的本发明的超声骨刀刀头中，刀身3上设置有用于夹持的夹持面6。方便操作人员采用夹持工具夹住夹持面6，并将本发明的超声骨刀刀头旋紧在换能器上。
如图2所示，本发明的本发明的超声骨刀刀头中，刀身3设置有连接机构7。优选为，连接机构7为螺纹结构，该螺纹结构可以是外螺纹也可以是内螺纹。当然连接机构7并不仅局限于螺纹结构，只要能够将本发明的超声骨刀刀头以一种可拆卸的方式固定在换能器上的任何连接机构7都可设置在本发明的超声骨刀刀头的刀身3上。
与现有技术相比，本发明的超声骨刀刀头精致小巧，可精确控制对骨头的切削量以及形状，降低术中的切骨损失量，加快病人的恢复时间。在切骨过程中本发明的超声骨刀刀头有止血凝血效果，降低术中出血量。使用本发明的超声骨刀刀头进行手术时，刀头没有旋转，不会对机体组织产生卷绞、牵拉等危害，具有较高的安全性。同时，本发明的超声骨刀刀头在手术中定位准确，不会产生滑移、偏移的现象，其切削过程平稳，可操控性高。本发明的超声骨刀刀头可进行磨削、钻孔、刮削、修整等操作，集钻孔、磨削功能于一身，切割部1的顶端与侧面均可对骨组织进行操作。本发明的超声骨刀刀头结构简单、加工方便、操作灵活、使用范围广。使用本发明的超声骨刀刀头磨骨效率高、速度快，手术时间短，可以减小病人痛苦，降低医生劳动强度。
最后应说明的是：以上各实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案，而非对其限制；尽管参照前述各实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解：其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分或者全部技术特征进行等同替换；而这些修改或者替换，并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本发明各实施例技术方案的范围。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种超声骨刀刀头，包括位于所述超声骨刀刀头前端的切割部、与换能器连接的刀身、以及连接所述切割部和所述刀身的刀杆，其特征在于，
    所述切割部外形呈长圆柱体形状，其端头收拢，在所述圆柱体的侧面上开设有多条螺旋形刀刃。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的超声骨刀刀头，其特征在于，
    所述超声骨刀刀头为中空结构。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的超声骨刀刀头，其特征在于，
    所述刀刃在所述切割部圆柱体侧面上等间隔排列。
  4. 根据权利要求1或2所述的超声骨刀刀头，其特征在于，
    所述刀杆以一定角度弯曲。
  5. 根据权利要求1或2所述的超声骨刀刀头，其特征在于，
    所述刀身呈圆柱体形状，所述刀杆呈圆柱体形状，所述刀杆外径小于所述刀身外径，所述刀杆与所述刀身呈平滑过渡，所述切割部外径小于所述刀杆外径，所述切割部与所述刀杆呈平滑过渡。
  6. 根据权利要求1或2所述的超声骨刀刀头，其特征在于，
    所述多条刀刃上开设有刀齿。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的超声骨刀刀头，其特征在于，
    所述刀齿沿周向对齐排列。
  8. 根据权利要求6所述的超声骨刀刀头，其特征在于，
    所述刀齿沿周向呈螺旋状排列。
  9. 根据权利要求6所述的超声骨刀刀头，其特征在于，
    所述刀齿开设的位置起始于所述切割部中段靠近所述刀杆的位置，终止于所述切割部圆柱体末端。
  10. 根据权利要求1或2所述的超声骨刀刀头，其特征在于，
    所述刀身上设置有用于夹持的夹持面。
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