WO2018001249A1 - 一种电子设备 - Google Patents

一种电子设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018001249A1
WO2018001249A1 PCT/CN2017/090390 CN2017090390W WO2018001249A1 WO 2018001249 A1 WO2018001249 A1 WO 2018001249A1 CN 2017090390 W CN2017090390 W CN 2017090390W WO 2018001249 A1 WO2018001249 A1 WO 2018001249A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
electronic device
metal casing
sensing electrode
sensing electrodes
sensing
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2017/090390
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
吴敬东
彭乐雄
张泽狮
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华为技术有限公司
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Publication of WO2018001249A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018001249A1/zh

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
    • G06F3/01—Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
    • G06F3/03—Arrangements for converting the position or the displacement of a member into a coded form
    • G06F3/041—Digitisers, e.g. for touch screens or touch pads, characterised by the transducing means
    • G06F3/044—Digitisers, e.g. for touch screens or touch pads, characterised by the transducing means by capacitive means
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
    • G06F3/01—Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
    • G06F3/048—Interaction techniques based on graphical user interfaces [GUI]
    • G06F3/0487—Interaction techniques based on graphical user interfaces [GUI] using specific features provided by the input device, e.g. functions controlled by the rotation of a mouse with dual sensing arrangements, or of the nature of the input device, e.g. tap gestures based on pressure sensed by a digitiser
    • G06F3/0488—Interaction techniques based on graphical user interfaces [GUI] using specific features provided by the input device, e.g. functions controlled by the rotation of a mouse with dual sensing arrangements, or of the nature of the input device, e.g. tap gestures based on pressure sensed by a digitiser using a touch-screen or digitiser, e.g. input of commands through traced gestures

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of mobile terminal technologies, and in particular, to an electronic device.
  • the need for different grip positions can optimize user operations, such as right and left hand phone recognition, can use different antennas, thereby improving the call quality; for large screen mobile phones, according to the recognition of the hand posture, the UI interface can be adjusted accordingly, making people Interactions are smarter and more convenient (especially one-handed).
  • There are many solutions for detecting human body proximity but it can be applied to the market application scenario.
  • the more mature solution in the industry is the capacitance detection scheme. Based on the principle of capacitance detection, the relative position of the finger or the palm and the mobile phone can be judged, and the recognition of the hand posture can be realized.
  • the capacitive touch screen of the mobile phone has been used to implement the partial edge touch function.
  • the edge touch function in the prior art is detected by using a capacitive touch screen, and the capacitive touch screen mainly senses the touch directly above the mobile phone.
  • the front projection area on the side wall of the mobile phone is small and the distance is long. Therefore, it is insensitive to the edge detection of the mobile phone, and if there is a metal frame, the edge detection effect will be more affected.
  • An embodiment of the present application provides an electronic device including a metal casing, and at least two sensing electrodes, wherein the at least two sensing electrodes are disposed in the metal casing in the side wall and the back of the metal casing At least one of the metal casings is provided with a window corresponding to each of the sensing electrodes, the sensing electrodes are embedded in the window and electrically insulated from the metal casing, and further comprising a metal casing Insulation layer;
  • the sensing electrode is configured to generate a changed capacitance when the electronic device is held by a user
  • the electronic device also includes a driving circuit and a processor, wherein:
  • the driving circuit is configured to detect a changed capacitance generated by the sensing electrode, and convert the changed capacitance into an electrical signal that the processor can process;
  • the processor is configured to determine a grip position of the electronic device according to the received electrical signal sent by the driving circuit.
  • the position where the electronic device is held is detected by providing at least two sensing electrodes in the metal casing, and the grip posture of the electronic device is calculated by the processor according to the position where the electronic device is held, compared with the present
  • the technology is detected directly above the mobile phone, and the user's finger of the solution can contact the position corresponding to the sensing electrode more directly and in a larger range (for example, directly holding the side edge or directly contacting the back side), so that the sensing electrode corresponds to The capacitance is changed by a large amount, and the detection is more sensitive; at the same time, since the sensing electrode is embedded in the window and electrically insulated from the metal casing, the insulation arrangement can avoid the influence of the metal frame on the capacitance value, thereby realizing the metal.
  • the grip position detection can also be performed.
  • the present embodiment also has an insulating layer wrapped on the metal casing, which can be used as a dielectric layer of a capacitor, and can make the appearance in a plane, so that the appearance is beautiful and elegant.
  • the number of the sensing electrodes is multiple, and multiple sensing electrodes are disposed in the The back and/or side walls of the metal casing.
  • the detection accuracy is improved, and by placing a plurality of sensing electrodes on the side wall and/or the back surface of the electronic device, the number of detected positions is increased, and the detection accuracy is further improved.
  • the driving circuit includes: a driving scanning circuit, a capacitance conversion circuit, and an ADC (Analog-to-digital converter) circuit.
  • a driving scanning circuit includes: a driving scanning circuit, a capacitance conversion circuit, and an ADC (Analog-to-digital converter) circuit.
  • ADC Analog-to-digital converter
  • the driving scanning circuit outputs a periodic excitation voltage to the capacitor Cs (formed by the sensing electrode 401, the insulating layer 104 and the human body), so that the Cs is in a periodic charging and discharging process.
  • the sensing electrode acts as a pole of the Cs. Produce a small current change;
  • the capacitance conversion circuit is configured to convert the amplified current signal by current/voltage conversion and output a voltage Uo which is in a specific functional relationship with Cs, and the ADC circuit performs AD conversion on Uo to obtain a value of Uo, which is sent to the processor;
  • the processor is configured to receive a value of Uo sent by the driving circuit, convert the value into a corresponding capacitance value through a specific function relationship, and determine a grip position of the electronic device according to the capacitance value.
  • the sensing electrodes are disposed on the back or sidewall of the metal casing, or are disposed on the back and the sidewalls.
  • different manners may be selected, preferably, the sensing electrodes
  • the number of the plurality is different, and the plurality of sensing electrodes are arranged in at least two columns. Thereby, the sensing electrode can be detected when the human hand holds the different positions of the electronic device.
  • the length of the sensing electrode may be 10 mm, and each side wall may be arranged with 4-5 sensing electrodes, and each sensing electrode is spaced 8-10 mm apart.
  • the metal casing is an outer casing that forms an insulating layer on the surface of the metal casing after anodizing.
  • the insulating layer is formed by anodizing the metal casing so that the sensing electrode can be electrically insulated from the metal casing when mounted in the window.
  • the sensing electrode and the driving circuit are connected by a wire, and a shielding layer covering the lead is disposed in the metal casing. That is, the sensing electrodes are connected to the driving circuit through the disposed leads, and the wires can be used in different manners when specifically connected. details as follows:
  • the lead is fixedly coupled to an inner surface of the metal outer casing. That is, the leads are made of separate wires that are commonly used in the prior art. That is, the sensing electrode can be directly connected to the driving circuit through a separate lead.
  • the lead is a lead formed by electroplating a conductive silver paste on the inner surface of the metal casing.
  • the leads are formed of a conductive silver paste on the metal casing. That is, the lead wire is directly formed on the metal case, thereby improving the stability of the lead wire.
  • the lead wire is a flexible circuit, and the flexible circuit is attached to an inner surface of the metal case.
  • Flexible circuits are less expensive and easy to set up.
  • the leads can be formed in different forms, and the appropriate leads can be selected in the metal casing according to actual needs.
  • the leads of each of the sensing electrodes connected to the sensing electrodes are connected by conductive adhesive, soldering or hot pressing. That is, the leads can be electrically connected to the sensing electrodes in accordance with a common connection method of cables and components that are common in the prior art.
  • a support structure for fixing the sensing electrode in order to improve the stability of the entire structure, it is preferable to further include a support structure for fixing the sensing electrode. That is, after the sensing electrode is disposed in the window, the sensing electrode is supported by the supporting structure to ensure the stability of the sensing electrode in the window. This improves the accuracy at the time of detection.
  • the support structure encloses the a connecting portion of the lead and the sensing electrode.
  • the connecting portion of the sensing electrode and the lead is protected by the supporting structure, thereby improving the stability of the connecting portion between the sensing electrode and the lead, thereby improving the stability of the detection.
  • a plurality of leads are connected to the drive circuit by means of a centralized connection. That is, the centralized connection is made with the driving circuit.
  • the centralized connection manner of the plurality of leads and the driving circuit is realized by the flexible circuit board or the printed circuit board, and the assembly of the lead and the driving circuit is facilitated by the centralized connection.
  • the sensing electrode is embedded in the window and electrically insulated from the metal casing.
  • the sensing electrode is embedded in the through hole, and the outer end of the sensing electrode is exposed in the metal casing.
  • the outer end of the sensing electrode is flush with the outer surface of the metal casing, which makes it easier to provide an insulating layer.
  • the sensing electrode is disposed in an area of the electronic device that is often contacted by a user's hand when the user uses the electronic device. Since the area that is often touched by the hand on the device is not required, the device cost can be reduced. At the same time, since the area that the user often touches by hand is arranged, it can be detected for most usage scenarios. Does not affect the user experience. Therefore, this solution can reduce costs while trying to ensure the user experience.
  • the electronic device therein can be a mobile terminal.
  • the mobile terminal is a mobile phone, or a tablet computer, or a smart watch, or a wristband, or a virtual reality glasses, or augmented reality glasses.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a mobile terminal according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a mobile terminal according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of setting a sensing electrode of a mobile terminal according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of setting a sensing electrode of a mobile terminal according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 5 is a flowchart of a process of a processor according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the electronic device.
  • the electronic device in this embodiment is preferably a mobile terminal that the user can hold, such as a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a smart watch, a smart bracelet, a virtual reality glasses, an augmented reality glasses, and the like.
  • a mobile terminal that the user can hold
  • it is not limited to use in other electronic devices, such as electronic devices such as televisions and computers.
  • the mobile terminal is taken as an example for description.
  • the mobile terminal provided in this embodiment includes a metal casing 101 and at least two sensing electrodes 401, wherein at least two sensing electrodes 401 are disposed in the metal casing 101 on at least one of the side walls and the back of the metal casing 101, the metal
  • the housing 101 is provided with 102 corresponding to each of the sensing electrodes 401.
  • the sensing electrodes 401 are embedded in the 102 and electrically insulated from the metal housing 101, and further include an insulating layer 104 wrapped on the metal housing 101.
  • the sensing electrode 401 is configured to generate a changed capacitance when the electronic device is held by the user;
  • the electronic device also includes a drive circuit 201 and a processor 301, wherein:
  • the driving circuit 201 is configured to detect a changed capacitance generated by the sensing electrode 401, and convert the changed capacitance into an electrical signal that the processor 301 can process;
  • the processor 301 is configured to determine a grip position of the electronic device according to the received electrical signal sent by the driving circuit 201.
  • the position where the electronic device is held is detected by providing at least two sensing electrodes 401 in the metal casing 101, and the gripping posture of the electronic device is calculated by the processor 301 according to the position where the electronic device is held.
  • the user's finger of the solution can contact the position corresponding to the sensing electrode 401 more directly and more widely (for example, directly holding the side edge or directly contacting the back side), so that The capacitance of the sensing electrode 401 is changed by a large amount, and the detection is more sensitive; at the same time, since the sensing electrode 401 is embedded in the window and electrically insulated from the metal casing 101, the influence of the metal frame on the capacitance value can be avoided by the insulation setting.
  • the grip position detection can also be performed.
  • the present embodiment also has an insulating layer wrapped on the metal casing 101, which can be used as a dielectric layer of a capacitor, and can make the appearance in a plane, so that the appearance is beautiful and elegant.
  • the mobile terminal provided in this embodiment includes a metal casing 101 and at least two sensing electrodes 401.
  • the sensing electrodes 401 are sensors for detecting a position where the mobile terminal is held.
  • the sensing electrodes are The 401 is disposed on the mobile terminal, that is, the at least two sensing electrodes 401 are disposed in the metal casing 101; when the human body contacts or approaches the sensing electrode 401, the sensing electrode 401, the insulating layer 104, and the human body form a capacitor, so that the sensing electrode 401 is electrically The capacity is changed, and the position at which the human body contacts the mobile terminal, that is, the position at which the mobile terminal is held, can be detected by detecting the change in the capacitance of the sensing electrode 401. After the detection, the data of the sensing electrode 401 is collected by the driving circuit 201.
  • the driving circuit 201 includes: a driving scanning circuit, a capacitance conversion circuit, and an ADC (Analog-to-digital converter) circuit.
  • the driving scanning circuit outputs a periodic excitation voltage to the capacitor Cs (formed by the sensing electrode 401, the insulating layer 104 and the human body) to cause the Cs to be in a periodic charging and discharging process.
  • the sensing electrode 401 acts as a pole of the Cs. Will produce a small current change;
  • the capacitance conversion circuit is used for converting and amplifying the changed current signal by I/V (current/voltage) and outputting a voltage Uo having a specific function relationship with Cs.
  • the ADC sampling circuit performs AD conversion on Uo to obtain a value of Uo (digital signal). ), sent to the processor 301;
  • the processor 301 is configured to receive an electrical signal sent by the driving circuit 201 (ie, Uo expressed in the form of a digital signal) and then convert it into a corresponding capacitance value through a specific function relationship, and determine a holding posture of the electronic device according to the capacitance value.
  • the corresponding relationship between the position of each sensing electrode 401 and the capacitance change value is pre-stored in the processor 301. Therefore, when the driving circuit 201 transmits the capacitance change of the sensing electrode 401, it can be known through the pre-stored relationship.
  • the electrodes are touched to know the position of the mobile terminal being held. For example, if there are a large number of electrode touches on the left and right sides, it can be judged to be a one-handed posture, and these specific determination methods can be obtained experimentally based on actual operations of various users.
  • the process of processing the signal by the processor 301 is as shown in FIG. 5.
  • the capacitance change of the sensing electrode 401 is acquired by the driving circuit 201, that is, the sensing data is acquired, and then the acquired sensing data is preprocessed, and The processed data is calculated by the recognition algorithm to obtain a hand posture.
  • the processing of the processor 301 is similar to the processing in the prior art, and details are not described herein again.
  • the processor 301 can be a processor with multiple functions and functions (for example, Huawei HiSilicon processor, Qualcomm Xiaolong series processor), or a lightweight dedicated processor. That is, the dedicated processor has a single function, and only processes the recognition of the hand posture, and sends the recognition result to the processor of the back end.
  • the dedicated processor has a single function, and only processes the recognition of the hand posture, and sends the recognition result to the processor of the back end.
  • the sensing electrode 401 is disposed in an area on the electronic device that is often contacted by the user's hand when the user uses the electronic device. Due to the area of the device that is often touched by the hand, such as the back shell, the side wall, etc., more specifically, when the back shell and the side wall are arranged, it is not necessary to arrange all of them, such as the side wall close to the top and the bottom side. A small portion of the area can be chosen not to be placed due to relatively little user contact. In this way, since the entire arrangement is not required, the device cost can be reduced. At the same time, since the areas that the user often touches by hand are arranged, the detection can be performed for most usage scenarios without affecting the user experience. Therefore, this solution can reduce costs while trying to ensure the user experience.
  • the sensing electrode 401 may be disposed at a position where the mobile terminal is close to the side wall or the back surface of the metal casing 101, or both the side wall and the back surface, according to actual needs.
  • the specific setting situation can be set according to the size of the actual mobile terminal and the number of sensing electrodes 401.
  • at least two sensing electrodes 401 are disposed in the metal casing 101 at a position on the side wall or the back surface of the metal casing 101 and are electrically insulated from the metal casing 101.
  • the metal casing 101 is disposed on each of the sensing electrodes 401.
  • Corresponding window 102, the sensing electrode 401 is disposed in the window 10.
  • the sensing electrode is embedded in the window 102, so that the sensing electrode 401 can accurately detect the position where the human body holds.
  • the sensing electrode 401 is disposed in the window of the metal casing 101, and the sensing electrode is disposed on the back of the metal casing 101.
  • the metal casing 101 is anodized, and an insulating layer 104 is formed on the metal casing 101 to ensure the setting.
  • the sensing electrode 401 on the metal casing 101 is electrically insulated from the metal casing 101 to prevent the metal casing 101 from interfering with the sensing electrode 401, thereby improving the accuracy of the sensing electrode 401 during detection.
  • the number of the sensing electrodes 401 is plural, and a row of sensing electrodes 401 are respectively disposed on the metal casing 101 along the longitudinal direction thereof.
  • the number of the sensing electrodes 401 is plural, and the plurality of sensing electrodes 401 are arranged along the sidewall of the metal casing 101, that is, the precision of detection is improved by providing a plurality of sensing electrodes 401, and by using the plurality of sensing electrodes 401
  • the two rows are correspondingly disposed on the back surface of the mobile terminal, and in a specific arrangement, as shown in FIG. 2, the two columns of sensing electrodes 401 are disposed at positions close to the side walls of the metal casing 401.
  • the sensing electrodes 401 When the mobile terminal is held, the user's hand is in contact with the insulating layer 104 of the metal casing 101, and the most contacted position is located on the back side.
  • the sensing electrodes 401 By arranging the sensing electrodes 401 along the back surface of the metal casing 101, the detection position on the mobile terminal is increased. The number of the ones, which in turn increases the accuracy of the detection. It is also possible to provide the sensing electrode 401 on the back surface and the side wall of the metal casing 101 to further improve the accuracy of detection. It is also possible to provide the sensing electrodes 401 on both the back surface and the side walls of the metal casing 101, which further improves the accuracy of detection.
  • the sensing electrodes 401 in any of the columns of sensing electrodes 401 are evenly arranged. That is, the sensing electrodes 401 in each column of the sensing electrodes 401 are evenly arranged, so that the detected position of the mobile terminal is evenly distributed on the sidewall of the mobile terminal, thereby reducing the possibility of occurrence of omission and improving detection.
  • the accuracy is a measure of the accuracy of the measurement.
  • the sensing electrode 401 when the sensing electrode 401 is connected to the driving circuit 201, the sensing electrode 401 and the driving circuit 201 are connected by a lead 403, and the shielding layer 103 covering the lead 403 is disposed in the metal casing 101.
  • the safety of the lead 403 is improved by the provided shielding layer 103, and interference from signals inside the mobile terminal is avoided.
  • the sensing electrode 401 and the lead 403 are connected by means of conductive adhesive, soldering, hot pressing, etc., that is, the connection between the components commonly connected in the prior art and the connecting line can be used.
  • the lead wire 403 is attached or attached to the inner surface of the metal case, and finally connected to the drive circuit 201 in a concentrated manner. Since the lead 403 is directly attached or attached to the inner surface of the metal casing, the lead 403 may take a different form. Specifically, the lead 403 is fixedly coupled to the inner surface of the metal casing.
  • the lead 403 is a separate wire commonly used in the prior art, and the sensing electrode is directly connected to the driving circuit through a separate lead 403.
  • the lead 403 is a lead 403 formed by electroplating a conductive silver paste on the inner surface of the metal case.
  • the lead 403 is formed on the metal case by using a conductive silver paste, and the lead 403 is directly formed on the metal case, thereby improving the stability of the lead.
  • the lead 403 is a flexible circuit, and the flexible circuit is attached to the inner surface of the metal case, and the flexible circuit has a low cost and is convenient to set.
  • the leads 403 can be formed in different forms, and the appropriate leads 403 can be selected in the metal casing according to actual needs.
  • the inner surface of the metal frame is attached by a flexible circuit board or the conductive silver paste is attached as the lead 403 on the inner surface of the insulation, so that the space of the lead 403 is effectively saved; and at the same time, the electrical connection between the sensing electrode 401 and the driving circuit 201 is realized in a concentrated manner. So it can be assembled easily.
  • the outer surface of the metal casing 101 is provided with an insulating layer 104.
  • the human body is prevented from contacting the sensing electrode 401, and the human body and the sensing electrode 401 can form a capacitance as two electrode plates, and the insulating layer 104 can block the window 102 on the metal casing 101, thereby eliminating the appearance effect and improving the appearance effect of the mobile terminal. .
  • the sensing electrode 401 is disposed on the back surface and the sidewall of the metal casing 101, as shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 3, wherein a column of sensing electrodes 401 located on the left side is disposed at On the back side of the metal casing 101, a row of sensing electrodes 401 on the right side are disposed on the side walls of the metal casing 101, and in a specific arrangement, each of the sensing electrodes 401 is mounted on the metal casing 101 and insulated from the metal casing 101.
  • the window 102 on the metal casing 101 is a through-hole structure
  • the sensing electrode 401 can be directly embedded in the through-hole structure
  • the metal casing 101 is anodized.
  • the process forms the insulating layer 104, thereby ensuring insulation between the sensing electrode 401 and the metal casing 101, and avoiding the influence of the metal casing 101 on the detection.
  • the sensing electrode 401 is embedded in the window 102 and electrically insulated from the metal casing 101.
  • the insulating material may use various existing materials, and is not limited herein.
  • an insulating layer is denoted by reference numeral 106.
  • the metal casing 101 is insulated from the sensing electrode 401.
  • a support structure 105 for fixing the sensing electrode 401 may be disposed in the metal casing 101 to fix the sensing electrode 401 and the metal casing 101 while ensuring structural reliability.
  • the connecting portion 402 of the sensing electrode 401 and the lead 403 is covered by the supporting structure 105, that is, the supporting structure 105 covers the connecting portion 402 of the sensing electrode 401 and the lead 403, thereby ensuring that the sensing electrode 401 is connected to the lead 403.
  • the strength avoids the fact that the joint portion is affected by the external force to break, which improves the stability of the entire detecting device.
  • At least two sensing electrodes 401 are disposed on the metal casing 101 and the sensing electrodes are formed by a micro-sewing cutting process or an in-line manner on the mobile terminal provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • the 401 can be exposed outside the metal casing 101, and the sensing electrode 401 is insulated from the metal casing 101, so that the hand posture recognition in the metal casing environment can be realized; at the same time, because of the metal working process and the surface metal treatment (anodizing or surface coating) Layer) can weaken or mask the gaps in the previous processing, so the appearance effect can be eliminated.

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Abstract

一种电子设备，该电子设备包括金属外壳，以及至少两个感应电极，其中，金属外壳上设置有与每个感应电极相对应的窗口，感应电极镶嵌在窗口内并与金属外壳电绝缘，还包括包裹在金属外壳上的绝缘层；其中，感应电极用于在电子设备被用户握住时，产生变化的电容量；电子设备还包括驱动电路以及处理器，其中：驱动电路用于检测感应电极产生的变化的电容量，并将变化的电容量转换成处理器能够处理的电信号；处理器用于根据接收的驱动电路发送的电信号判断电子设备的握姿。在上述技术方案中，通过在金属外壳内设置至少两个感应电极检测电子设备被握住的位置，提高了检测的精度，进而提高了检测的效果。

Description

一种电子设备
本申请要求在2016年6月30日提交中国专利局、申请号为201610512608.1、发明名称为“一种电子设备”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及移动终端技术领域，尤其涉及一种电子设备。
背景技术
不同握姿的需要能够优化用户操作，如左右手打电话识别，可以使用不同的天线，从而提高通话质量；对于大屏幕手机，可以根据手握姿势的识别，UI界面做相应的调整，让人机交互更为智能，更便捷(尤其单手操作)。检测人体接近的方案很多，但能适用于上市应用场景业界较为成熟的方案是电容检测方案，基于电容检测原理，可以判断手指或者手掌等与手机的相对位置，进而可以实现手握姿势的识别。
当前已有借用手机已有的电容触摸屏来实现部分边沿触控功能，但现有技术中的上述边沿触控功能是利用电容触摸屏来检测，而电容触摸屏主要是感测手机正上方的触摸，在对手机侧壁上的正面投影面积小，距离远，因此，对于手机边沿检测不灵敏，如果有金属边框的存在，将会更加影响边沿检测的效果。
发明内容
本申请实施例提供一种电子设备，该电子设备包括金属外壳，以及至少两个感应电极，其中，所述至少两个感应电极设置在所述金属外壳内位于所述金属外壳侧壁和背部中的至少一个上，所述金属外壳上设置有与每个感应电极相对应的窗口，所述感应电极镶嵌在所述窗口内并与所述金属外壳电绝缘，还包括包裹在所述金属外壳上的绝缘层；其中，
所述感应电极用于在所述电子设备被用户握住时，产生变化的电容量；
所述电子设备还包括驱动电路以及处理器，其中：
所述驱动电路用于检测所述感应电极产生的变化的电容量，并将所述变化的电容量转换成所述处理器能够处理的电信号；
所述处理器用于根据接收的所述驱动电路发送的所述电信号判断所述电子设备的握姿。
在上述技术方案中，通过在金属外壳内设置至少两个感应电极检测电子设备被握住的位置，并通过处理器根据电子设备被握住的位置计算出电子设备的握姿，相比于现有技术通过手机正上方进行检测的方案，本方案用户手指可以更直接、更大范围地与感应电极对应的位置接触(例如，直接握住侧边，或者直接接触背面)，这样，感应电极对应的电容的变化量大，检测也就更加灵敏；同时，由于感应电极镶嵌在窗口内并与所述金属外壳电绝缘，这样，通过绝缘设置能够避免金属框对电容值的影响，从而实现在金属框的应用场景下，也能进行握姿检测。此外，本实施例还在金属外壳上包裹的一层绝缘层，既能够作为一个电容器的介质层使用，又能够使得外观处于一个平面，使得外观美观大方。
在一种可能的实现方式中，，所述感应电极的个数为多个，且多个感应电极设置在所 述金属外壳的背面和/或侧壁。通过设置多个感应电极提高了检测的精度，并且通过将多个感应电极设置在电子设备的侧壁和/或背面上，提高了检测的位置的个数，更进一步的提高了检测的精准度。
在一种可能的实现方式中，该驱动电路包括：驱动扫描电路、电容转换电路及ADC(模拟数字转换，Analog-to-digital converter)电路。
其中，驱动扫描电路向电容Cs(由感应电极401、绝缘层104及人体形成)输出周期性激励电压，使Cs处于周期性充电和放电过程，上述过程中，感应电极作为Cs的一极，会产生微小电流变化；
电容转换电路用于将变化的电流信号经过电流/电压转换和放大后输出与Cs成特定函数关系的电压Uo，ADC电路对Uo进行AD转换，得到Uo的值，发给处理器；
处理器用于接收驱动电路发送的Uo的值后通过特定的函数关系再转换成对应的电容值，并根据该电容值判断所述电子设备的握姿。
在一种可能的实现方式中，感应电极设置在金属外壳的背部或者侧壁上，或者在背部及侧壁上均设置，在具体设置时，可以选择不同的方式设置，较佳的，感应电极的个数为多个，且多个感应电极至少排成两列设置。从而使得人体的手在握住电子设备的不同位置时，感应电极都能够检测到。在一种实现方式中，感应电极长度可以为10mm，每个侧壁可以排列4-5个感应电极，每个感应电极之间间隔8-10mm。
在一种可能的实现方式中，金属外壳为进行阳极化处理后，在所述金属外壳表面形成绝缘层的外壳。通过对金属外壳进行阳极化处理形成绝缘层，从而使得感应电极在安装在窗口内时能够实现与金属外壳的电绝缘。通过阳极化处理的方式，既能够形成绝缘层，又能产生金属质感，提升用户体验。
在一种可能的实现方式中，在具体连接时，所述感应电极与所述驱动电路通过引线连接，且所述金属外壳内设置有包裹所述引线的屏蔽层。即通过设置的引线将感应电极与驱动电路连接起来，且在具体连接时，引线可以采用不同的方式。具体如下：
所述引线与所述金属外壳的内表面固定连接。即引线采用现有技术中常用的单独的线。即可以通过单独的引线直接将感应电极与驱动电路连接。
或者，所述引线为导电银浆电镀在所述金属外壳内表面形成的引线。在该结构中，引线采用导电银浆形成在金属外壳上。即采用引线直接形成在金属外壳上，从而提高了引线的稳定性。
或者，引线为柔性电路，且所述柔性电路贴附在所述金属外壳的内表面。柔性电路价格较低且方便设置。
在上述几个具体的实施方式中，可以看出，引线可以采用不同的形成的形式，可以根据实际的需要选择合适的引线设置在金属外壳内。
在一种可能的实现方式中，引线在与感应电极连接时，每个感应电极与该感应电极连接的引线通过导电胶、焊接或热压的方式连接。即可以根据现有技术中常见的线缆与部件的常见连接方式将引线与感应电极电连接。
在一种可能的实现方式中，为了提高整个结构的稳定性，较佳的，还包括用于固定所述感应电极的支撑结构。即在感应电极设置在窗口内后，通过支撑结构支撑感应电极，从而保证感应电极在窗口内的稳定性。进而提高了在检测时的准确性。
更进一步的，为了提高稳定性，在一种可能的实现方式中，所述支撑结构包裹住所述 引线与所述感应电极的连接部分。通过支撑结构保护感应电极与引线的连接部分，提高了感应电极与引线的连接部分的稳定性，进而提高了检测的稳定性。
在一种可能的实现方式中，多个引线通过集中连接的方式与所述驱动电路连接。即采取集中方式与驱动电路连接，具体的，通过柔性线路板或者印刷电路基板实现多个引线与驱动电路的集中连接方式，并且采用集中方式连接方便了引线与驱动电路的组装。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述感应电极镶嵌在所述窗口内并与所述金属外壳电绝缘。即将感应电极镶嵌在通孔内，感应电极的外端外露在金属外壳。在一个较佳的实施例中，感应电极的外端与金属外壳的外表面齐平，这样更容易设置绝缘层。
在具体的一个实施例中，所述感应电极布置在用户使用所述电子设备时，所述电子设备上经常被用户手所接触的区域。由于布置在设备上经常被手接触的区域，这样，不需要全部布置，可以降低器件成本；同时，由于用户经常用手接触的区域都有布置，那么针对绝大多数使用场景都能够进行检测，不会影响用户体验。因此，这个方案可以在尽力保证用户体验的同时降低成本。
其中的电子设备可以为移动终端。所述移动终端为手机，或者平板电脑，或者智能手表，或者手环，或者虚拟现实眼镜，或者增强现实眼镜。
附图说明
图1为本申请实施例提供的移动终端的结构示意图；
图2为本申请实施例提供的移动终端的剖视图；
图3为本申请实施例提供的移动终端的感应电极的设置示意图；
图4为本申请实施例提供的移动终端的感应电极设置示意图；
图5为本申请实施例提供的处理器的工作流程图。
附图标记：
101-外壳 102-窗口 103-屏蔽层
104-绝缘层 105-支撑结构 106-绝缘层
201-驱动电路 301-处理器 401-感应电极
402-连接部分 403-引线
具体实施方式
下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图，对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述。
如图1及图2所示，图2示出了本申请实施例提供的一种电子设备的结构示意图，图2示出了该电子设备的剖面示意图。本实施例中的电子设备优选为用户可以手持的移动终端，例如，手机、平板电脑、智能手表、智能手环、虚拟现实眼镜、增强现实眼镜等。当然，在其他实施例中，也不限于用于其他电子设备，例如，电视、电脑等电子设备。为了说明方便，在以下各实施例中，都以移动终端为例进行描述。
本实施例提供的移动终端包括金属外壳101，以及至少两个感应电极401，其中，至少两个感应电极401设置在金属外壳101内位于金属外壳101侧壁和背部的中的至少一个上，金属外壳101上设置有与每个感应电极401相对应的102，感应电极401镶嵌在102内并与金属外壳101电绝缘，还包括包裹在金属外壳101上的绝缘层104；其中，
感应电极401用于在电子设备被用户握住时，产生变化的电容量；
电子设备还包括驱动电路201以及处理器301，其中：
驱动电路201用于检测感应电极401产生的变化的电容量，并将变化的电容量转换成处理器301能够处理的电信号；
处理器301用于根据接收的驱动电路201发送的电信号判断电子设备的握姿。
在上述技术方案中，通过在金属外壳101内设置至少两个感应电极401检测电子设备被握住的位置，并通过处理器301根据电子设备被握住的位置计算出电子设备的握姿，相比于现有技术通过手机正上方进行检测的方案，本方案用户手指可以更直接、更大范围地与感应电极401对应的位置接触(例如，直接握住侧边，或者直接接触背面)，这样，感应电极401对应的电容的变化量大，检测也就更加灵敏；同时，由于感应电极401镶嵌在窗口内并与金属外壳101电绝缘，这样，通过绝缘设置能够避免金属框对电容值的影响，从而实现在金属框的应用场景下，也能进行握姿检测。此外，本实施例还在金属外壳101上包裹的一层绝缘层，既能够作为一个电容器的介质层使用，又能够使得外观处于一个平面，使得外观美观大方。
为了方便理解本实施例提供的移动终端的结构以及原理，下面结合具体的实施例对其进行详细的说明。
如图2及图4所示，本实施例提供的移动终端包括金属外壳101以及至少两个感应电极401，该感应电极401为检测移动终端被握住的位置的传感器，具体的，将感应电极401设置在移动终端上，即至少两个感应电极401设置在金属外壳101内；当人体接触或接近感应电极401时，感应电极401、绝缘层104以及人体形成一个电容，使得感应电极401的电容量发生改变，通过检测感应电极401的电容量变化即可检测到人体接触移动终端的位置，即移动终端被握住的位置。在检测完后，通过驱动电路201采集感应电极401的数据。
具体的，该驱动电路201包括：驱动扫描电路、电容转换电路及ADC(模拟数字转换，Analog-to-digital converter)电路。
其中，驱动扫描电路向电容Cs(由感应电极401、绝缘层104及人体形成)输出周期性激励电压，使Cs处于周期性充电和放电过程，上述过程中，感应电极401作为Cs的一极，会产生微小电流变化；
电容转换电路用于将变化的电流信号经过I/V(电流/电压)转换和放大后输出与Cs成特定函数关系的电压Uo，ADC采样电路对Uo进行AD转换，得到Uo的值(数字信号)，发给处理器301；
处理器301用于接收驱动电路201发送的电信号(即以数字信号形式表示的Uo)后通过特定的函数关系再转换成对应的电容值，并根据该电容值判断电子设备的握姿。具体的，处理器301内预存了每个感应电极401的位置与电容变化值的对应关系，因此，当驱动电路201传递过来感应电极401的电容量变化时，通过预存的关系就可以知哪些感应电极被触摸，进而可以知道被握住的移动终端的位置。例如，左右侧都有一大部分电极触摸，则可判断为单手握住的姿势，这些具体判断方法可基于各种用户的实际操作通过实验方式得到。
通过上述描述可以看出，通过在特定位置采用专门的感应电极401检测移动终端被握住的位置，提高了检测移动终端被握住位置的准确度。
其中的处理器301处理信号的流程如图5所示，首先通过驱动电路201获取感应电极401的电容量变化，即获取感测数据，之后，对获取的感测数据进行数据预处理，并将处理后的数据通过识别算法进行计算得到手握姿势，上述处理器301的处理过程与现有技术中的处理过程相近似，在此不再详细赘述。
需要说明的是，处理器301可以是一个具有多种功能、比较通用的处理器(例如，华为海思系列处理器、高通骁龙系列处理器)，也可以一个轻量级的专用处理器，即这个专用处理器功能单一，只处理进行手握姿势的识别，并将识别结果送给后端通用的处理器。
本实施例中，感应电极401布置在用户使用电子设备时，电子设备上经常被用户手所接触的区域。由于布置在设备上经常被手接触的区域，如：背壳、侧壁等，更具体的，在背壳、侧壁进行布置时，也不需要全部都布置，比如侧壁靠近上方以及底部的一小部分区域由于用户接触相对较少，可以选择不布置。这样，由于不需要全部布置，可以降低器件成本；同时，由于用户经常用手接触的区域都有布置，那么针对绝大多数使用场景都能够进行检测，不会影响用户体验。因此，这个方案可以在尽力保证用户体验的同时降低成本。
在具体设置时，可以根据实际的需要将感应电极401设置在移动终端靠近金属外壳101的侧壁或者背面的位置，或者侧壁和背面均设置。具体的设置情况可以根据实际的移动终端的尺寸以及感应电极401的个数设定。在具体设置时，至少两个感应电极401设置在金属外壳101内位于金属外壳101侧壁或背面的位置并与金属外壳101电绝缘，其中，金属外壳101上设置有与每个感应电极401相对应的窗口102，感应电极401设置在该窗口10内，此外，在具体设置时，感应电极镶嵌在窗口102内，从而使得感应电极401可以准确的检测到人体握住的位置。
具体的，在设置时，可以采用不同的设置方式，下面以具体的实施例进行详细的说明。
如图2所示，在本实施例中，感应电极401设置在金属外壳101的窗口内，且感应电极设置在金属外壳101的背面
为了避免感应电极401与金属外壳101电连接，较佳的，对金属外壳101进行绝缘处理，具体的，对金属外壳101进行阳极化处理，在金属外壳101上形成一层绝缘层104，保证设置在金属外壳101上的感应电极401与金属外壳101之间电绝缘，避免金属外壳101对感应电极401造成干扰，提高了感应电极401在检测时的准确性。
在一个具体的设置方式中，如图2所示，感应电极401的个数为多个，且金属外壳101上沿其长度方向分别设置了一列感应电极401。具体的，感应电极401的个数为多个，且多个感应电极401沿金属外壳101的侧壁排列，即通过设置多个感应电极401提高了检测的精度，并且通过将多个感应电极401分成两排对应设置在移动终端的背面上，且在具体设置时，如图2所示，两列感应电极401设置在靠近金属外壳401侧壁的位置设置。在移动终端被握住时，使用者的手与金属外壳101的绝缘层104接触，接触最多的位置位于背面，通过将感应电极401沿金属外壳101的背面排列，增加了在移动终端上检测位置的个数，进而增加了检测的准确度。还可以采用在金属外壳101的背面及侧壁上设置感应电极401，进一步的提高检测的准确度。还可以采用在金属外壳101的背面以及侧壁上均设置感应电极401，更进一步的提高检测的精度。
更佳的，为了提高检测的精准度。在一个优选的实施例中，任一列感应电极401中的感应电极401均匀排列。即每列感应电极401中的感应电极401均匀排列，从而使得移动终端被检测的位置均匀分列在移动终端的侧壁上，降低了出现疏漏的可能性，提高了检测 的精准度。
继续参考图2，在感应电极401与驱动电路201连接时，感应电极401与驱动电路201通过引线403连接，且金属外壳101内设置有包裹引线403的屏蔽层103。通过设置的屏蔽层103提高了引线403的安全性，并且避免了受到移动终端内部的信号的干扰。
具体的，如图2所示，在具体连接时，感应电极401与引线403通过导电胶，焊接、热压等方式连通，即可以采用现有技术中常见的部件与连接线的连接方式进行连接，此外，在具体设置时，引线403贴附或附着于金属外壳内表面，最后采取集中方式与驱动电路201连接。因为引线403直接贴附或附着于金属外壳内表面，因此，引线403可以采用不同的形式，具体的，引线403与金属外壳的内表面固定连接。即引线403采用现有技术中常用的单独的线，通过单独的引线403直接将感应电极与驱动电路连接。或者，引线403为导电银浆电镀在金属外壳内表面形成的引线403。在该结构中，引线403采用导电银浆形成在金属外壳上，采用引线403直接形成在金属外壳上，从而提高了引线的稳定性。或者，引线403为柔性电路，且柔性电路贴附在金属外壳的内表面，柔性电路具有较低的成本且方便设置。在上述几个具体的实施方式中，可以看出，引线403可以采用不同的形成的形式，可以根据实际的需要选择合适的引线403设置在金属外壳内。并且通过柔性线路板方式贴附金属框内表面或者在绝缘的内表面附着导电银浆作为引线403，所以有效节省引线403空间；同时，因为通过集中方式实现感应电极401与驱动电路201的电连接，所以可以方便组装。
此外，为了提高整个移动终端的外观效果，金属外壳101的外表面设置有绝缘层104。避免人体与感应电极401接触，并且使得人体与感应电极401可以作为两个电极板形成电容，并且绝缘层104可以封堵金属外壳101上的窗口102，消除外观影响，提高了移动终端的外观效果。
如图1及图3所示，在本实施例中，感应电极401设置在金属外壳101的背面以及侧壁，如图1及图3所示，其中，位于左侧的一列感应电极401设置在金属外壳101的背面，位于右侧的一列感应电极401设置在金属外壳101的侧壁上，且在具体设置时，每个感应电极401镶嵌在金属外壳101上并与金属外壳101绝缘。
具体的，如图2及图4所示，在本实施例中，金属外壳101上的窗口102为通孔结构，感应电极401可以直接镶嵌在该通孔结构内，并且金属外壳101采用阳极化处理形成绝缘层104，从而保证了感应电极401与金属外壳101之间的绝缘，避免金属外壳101对检测造成的影响。
在具体设置时，感应电极401镶嵌在窗口102内并与金属外壳101电绝缘，绝缘材料可以使用各种现有的材料，这里并不限制，在图4中，用标号106表示有个绝缘层来使金属外壳101与感应电极401绝缘。
此外，还可以在金属外壳101内设置了用于固定感应电极401的支撑结构105，将感应电极401与金属外壳101进行固定，同时保证结构可靠度。如图4所示，该感应电极401与引线403的连接部分402被支撑结构105覆盖，即支撑结构105覆盖了感应电极401与引线403的连接部分402，从而保证了感应电极401与引线403连接的强度，同时，避免了连接部分受到外力影响断裂的情况，提高了整个检测装置的稳定性。
通过上述具体的实施例可以看出，在本申请实施例提供的移动终端上，通过在金属外壳101上设置了至少两个感应电极401，并通过微缝切割工艺或者内嵌方式使得感应电极 401可以暴露在金属外壳101外，且感应电极401与金属外壳101绝缘，所以可以实现在金属外壳环境下的手握姿势识别；同时，因为通过金属加工工艺以及表面金属处理(阳极化或者表面涂层)，可以弱化或者掩盖前期加工的缝隙，所以可以消除外观影响。
显然，本领域的技术人员可以对本申请实施例进行各种改动和变型而不脱离本申请的精神和范围。这样，倘若本申请实施例的这些修改和变型属于本申请权利要求及其等同技术的范围之内，则本申请也意图包含这些改动和变型在内。

Claims (13)

  1. 一种电子设备，其特征在于，包括金属外壳，以及至少两个感应电极，其中，所述至少两个感应电极设置在所述金属外壳内位于所述金属外壳侧壁和背部中的至少一个上，所述金属外壳上设置有与每个感应电极相对应的窗口，所述感应电极镶嵌在所述窗口内并与所述金属外壳电绝缘，还包括包裹在所述金属外壳上的绝缘层；其中，
    所述感应电极用于在所述电子设备被用户握住时，产生变化的电容量；
    所述电子设备还包括驱动电路以及处理器，其中：
    所述驱动电路用于检测所述感应电极产生的变化的电容量，并将所述变化的电容量转换成所述处理器能够处理的电信号；
    所述处理器用于根据接收的所述驱动电路发送的所述电信号判断所述电子设备的握姿。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的电子设备，其特征在于，所述金属外壳为进行阳极化处理，在所述金属外壳表面形成绝缘层的外壳。
  3. 如权利要求1或2所述的电子设备，其特征在于，所述感应电极与所述驱动电路通过引线连接，且所述金属外壳内设置有包裹所述引线的屏蔽层。
  4. 如权利要求3所述的电子设备，其特征在于，所述引线与所述金属外壳的内表面固定连接。
  5. 如权利要求3所述的电子设备，其特征在于，所述引线为导电银浆电镀在所述金属外壳内表面形成的引线。
  6. 如权利要求3所述的电子设备，其特征在于，所述引线为柔性电路，且所述柔性电路贴附在所述金属外壳的内表面。
  7. 如权利要求3～6任一项所述的电子设备，其特征在于，每个感应电极与该感应电极连接的引线通过导电胶、焊接或热压的方式连接。
  8. 如权利要求7所述的电子设备，其特征在于，还包括用于固定所述感应电极的支撑结构。
  9. 如权利要求8所述的电子设备，其特征在于，所述支撑结构包裹住所述引线与所述感应电极的连接部分。
  10. 如权利要求3所述的电子设备，其特征在于，多个引线通过集中连接的方式与所述驱动电路连接。
  11. 如权利要求1-10任一所述的电子设备，其特征在于，所述感应电极布置在用户使用所述电子设备时，所述电子设备上经常被用户手所接触的区域。
  12. 如权利要求1-11任一所述的电子设备，其特征在于，所述电子设备为移动终端。
  13. 如权利要求12所述的电子设备，其特征在于，所述移动终端为手机，或者平板电脑，或者智能手表，或者手环，或者虚拟现实眼镜，或者增强现实眼镜。
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