WO2018000349A1 - 一种光伏逆变器 - Google Patents

一种光伏逆变器 Download PDF

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WO2018000349A1
WO2018000349A1 PCT/CN2016/087956 CN2016087956W WO2018000349A1 WO 2018000349 A1 WO2018000349 A1 WO 2018000349A1 CN 2016087956 W CN2016087956 W CN 2016087956W WO 2018000349 A1 WO2018000349 A1 WO 2018000349A1
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output
switches
switch
inverter
node
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PCT/CN2016/087956
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French (fr)
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周肇梅
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周肇梅
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
    • H02M7/42—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
    • H02M7/44—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
    • H02M7/48—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
    • Y02E10/56—Power conversion systems, e.g. maximum power point trackers

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  • the invention relates to a power conversion device, in particular to a high reliability inverter device.
  • a circuit that converts a DC power source into an AC power source is divided into two stages, which are first boosted and then reversed. Whether it is boost or inverter, more electronic components, including circuit components and devices, are needed. Once these circuits and parts are determined, their connection relationship is also determined. Therefore, for a circuit designed for a specific need, changing its output parameters requires designing additional components and device parameters, or changing their connections. This affects the versatility of the circuit. For example, AC power supplies with lower output frequencies and higher frequencies require separate designs and involve many different circuit components. AC power supplies with lower output power and higher power also need to be designed separately, involving many different circuit components. This narrow specificity affects the application of the inverter circuit industry.
  • the invention provides a novel photovoltaic inverter for overcoming the shortcomings of the existing inverter device with many parts and low reliability, which greatly reduces the number of parts of the specific circuit, thereby greatly reducing the failure rate of the circuit and improving the circuit. reliability. At the same time, it also opens up a simple way to flexibly change the output parameters of the inverter.
  • the technical solution of the present invention is: a photovoltaic inverter including boosting and inverter power
  • the circuit implements the boosting and inverting functions; the boosting and the inverter circuit are in the same stage circuit.
  • the reduction in the number of circuit stages also leads to a reduction in circuit components and connection lines, greatly reducing the failure rate and improving reliability.
  • the boosting and inverting circuit includes a plurality of controlled switches; the switches sequentially turn on or off the respective branches according to the requirements of boosting and inverting; The time of disconnection and the duration of switching on and off are controlled by the control circuit.
  • the specially designed control circuit can flexibly change the output parameters of the inverter and expand the application range of the inverter.
  • a further improvement of the present invention is that the booster circuit and the inverter circuit include a DC power source Udc, an initial inductance L, an output inductor Lx, Ly, an output energy storage device Uc, and on/off switches S1-S6;
  • the anode of the DC power source Udc is connected to the initial inductance L;
  • the other end of the initial inductance L is connected to the switches S1 and S3, and is designated as node A; the negative pole of the DC power source Udc is connected to the switches S2 and S4, and is designated as a node B; the other ends of the switches S1 and S2 are connected And connecting the positive pole of the output energy storage device Uc to the node P; the other end of the switch S3 is connected to the switch S5 and connected to the output inductor Lx, which is designated as node X; the other end of the switch S4 is The switch S6 is connected and connected to the output inductor Ly, which is designated as node Y; the other ends of the switches S5, S6 are connected and connected to the negative pole of the accumulator Uc, which is designated as node N;
  • the other end of the output inductors Lx, Ly is an output terminal of a high voltage alternating current.
  • the booster circuit and the inverter circuit include a DC power source Udc, an initial inductor L, an output inductor Lx, a Ly, an output accumulator Uc, and an on/off switch.
  • Udc DC power source
  • L initial inductor
  • Lx initial inductor
  • Lx output inductor
  • Ly Ly
  • an output accumulator Uc an on/off switch.
  • the negative pole of the DC power source Udc is connected to the initial inductance L;
  • the other end of the initial inductor L is connected to the switches S2 and S4, and is designated as a node B; the anode of the DC power source Udc is connected to the switches S1 and S3, and is designated as node A; the other ends of the switches S1 and S2 are connected And connecting the positive pole of the output energy storage device Uc to the node P; the other end of the switch S3 is connected to the switch S5 and connected to the output inductor Lx, which is designated as node X; the other end of the switch S4 is The switch S6 is connected and connected to the output inductor Ly, which is designated as node Y; the other ends of the switches S5, S6 are connected and connected to the negative pole of the accumulator Uc, which is designated as node N;
  • the other end of the output inductors Lx, Ly is an output terminal of a high voltage alternating current.
  • control circuit comprises a single chip microcomputer and its peripheral circuits.
  • control circuit microcontroller is a TMS320F2406 type single chip microcomputer.
  • the invention has the beneficial effects that the novel photovoltaic inverter overcomes the defects of the numerous components of the existing inverter device and the reliability is reduced, and greatly reduces the number of parts of the specific circuit, thereby greatly reducing the failure rate of the circuit. To improve reliability. At the same time, it also opens up a simple way for flexible use of the inverter device. This allows a specific PV inverter to adapt to both higher frequency output requirements and lower frequency output requirements. At the same time, it can adapt to higher power output requirements as well as lower power output requirements. The change can be easily accomplished by simply changing the software parameters of the few few part parameters and changing the control circuitry. Both the technical improvement and economic and environmental benefits are beneficial.
  • FIG. 1 is a general timing diagram of a photovoltaic inverter inverter circuit of the present invention.
  • a photovoltaic inverter includes a boosting and an inverter circuit for implementing a boosting and an inverting function; and the boosting and inverter circuits are in the same stage circuit.
  • the step-up and inverter circuit comprises a plurality of controlled switches; the switches respectively turn on or off the branches in accordance with the requirements of boosting and inverting; the times when the switches are turned on and off The duration of the on and off is controlled by the control circuit.
  • the reduction in the number of circuit stages also leads to a reduction in circuit components and connection lines, greatly reducing the failure rate and improving reliability.
  • the specially designed control circuit can flexibly change the output parameters of the inverter and expand the application range of the inverter.
  • the boosting circuit and the inverter circuit include a DC power source Udc, an initial inductance L, an output inductor Lx, Ly, an output energy storage device Uc, and on/off switches S1-S6;
  • the anode of the DC power source Udc is connected to the initial inductance L;
  • the other end of the initial inductance L is connected to the switches S1 and S3, and is designated as node A; the negative pole of the DC power source Udc is connected to the switches S2 and S4, and is designated as a node B; the other ends of the switches S1 and S2 are connected And connecting the positive pole of the output energy storage device Uc to the node P; the other end of the switch S3 is connected to the switch S5 and connected to the output inductor Lx, which is designated as node X; the other end of the switch S4 is The switch S6 is connected and connected to the output inductor Ly, which is designated as node Y; the other ends of the switches S5, S6 are connected and connected to the negative pole of the accumulator Uc, which is designated as node N;
  • the other end of the output inductors Lx, Ly is an output terminal of a high voltage alternating current.
  • the booster circuit and the inverter circuit include a DC power source Udc, an initial inductance L, an output inductor Lx, Ly, an output energy storage device Uc, and on/off switches S1-S6;
  • the negative pole of the DC power source Udc is connected to the initial inductance L;
  • the other end of the initial inductor L is connected to the switches S2 and S4, and is designated as a node B; the anode of the DC power source Udc is connected to the switches S1 and S3, and is designated as node A; the other ends of the switches S1 and S2 are connected And connecting the positive pole of the output energy storage device Uc to the node P; the other end of the switch S3 is connected to the switch S5 and connected to the output inductor Lx, which is designated as node X; the other end of the switch S4 is The switch S6 is connected and connected to the output inductor Ly, which is designated as node Y; the other ends of the switches S5, S6 are connected and connected to the negative pole of the accumulator Uc, which is designated as node N;
  • the other end of the output inductors Lx, Ly is an output terminal of a high voltage alternating current.
  • the control circuit includes a single chip microcomputer and its peripheral circuits.
  • the control circuit single chip microcomputer may be a TMS320F2406 type single chip microcomputer, or may be another type of single chip microcomputer.
  • the invention provides a photovoltaic inverter, which can adopt the following methods of boosting and inverting: on the basis of a carrier pulse of a certain frequency, sequentially turning on or off according to the requirements of boosting and inverting, respectively.
  • the method for boosting and inverting a photovoltaic inverter includes several steps. Wherein, the determination of the duration of the suitable duration is based on the parameters of the output accumulator voltage Uc, the DC power source U dc , the initial inductance L, the inverter power rating P, the carrier period Ts, and the inverter voltage duty ratio D. And requirements,

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Inverter Devices (AREA)

Abstract

一种电能变换装置，特别涉及一种高可靠逆变装置；一种光伏逆变器，其包括升压与逆变电路，实现升压与逆变功能，所述升压与逆变电路处于同一级电路中；该光伏逆变器克服了现有逆变装置零件众多、可靠性降低的缺点，极大的减少具体电路的零件数目，从而也极大的降低了电路的故障率，提高可靠性。

Description

一种光伏逆变器 技术领域
本发明涉及一种电能变换装置，特别涉及一种高可靠逆变装置。
背景技术
现有技术中，将直流电源变换为交流电源的电路分为两级，先升压，后逆变。无论是升压还是逆变，都需要较多的电子零件包括电路元件和器件。一旦这些电路和零件确定后，它们的连接关系也确定了。因此为了一个特定的需要而设计的电路，改变其输出参数就必须另外设计元件和器件参数，或者改变它们的连接。这就影响了电路的通用性。例如：输出频率较低和频率较高的交流电源，需要分别单独的设计，涉及众多不同的电路零件。输出功率较低和功率较高的交流电源，也都需要分别单独设计，涉及众多不同的电路零件。这种狭窄的专用性影响了逆变电路行业的应用。
众多的元件和器件也带来电路可靠性的不利影响，使故障率按元器件数目成指数性增加。
发明内容
本发明为克服现有逆变装置零件众多、可靠性降低的缺点提出一种新型的光伏逆变器，极大的减少具体电路的零件数目，从而也极大的降低了电路的故障率，提高可靠性。同时也为灵活改变逆变装置输出参数，开辟了简便的途径。
本发明的技术方案是：一种光伏逆变器，其包括升压与逆变电 路，实现升压与逆变功能；所述升压与逆变电路处于同一级电路中。电路级数的减少，也带来电路零件和连接线路的减少，极大地减少故障率，提高可靠性。
本发明的进一步改进是，所述升压与逆变电路包括若干受控的开关；所述开关按照升压与逆变的要求分别依序接通或断开所在的支路；其所接通、断开的时刻及接通、断开的时长受控制电路的控制。特别设计的控制电路能够灵活改变逆变装置输出参数，扩大逆变器的应用范围。
本发明的进一步改进是，所述升压电路与逆变电路包括直流电源Udc、初始电感L、输出电感Lx、Ly、输出储能器Uc，以及通断开关S1-S6；
所述直流电源Udc的正极接所述初始电感L；
所述初始电感L另一端连接所述开关S1和S3，定为节点A；所述直流电源Udc的负极连接所述开关S2和S4，定为节点B；所述开关S1、S2的另一端相连并连接所述输出储能器Uc的正极，定为节点P；所述开关S3的另一端与所述开关S5相连并连接所述输出电感Lx，定为节点X；所述开关S4另一端与所述开关S6相连并连接所述输出电感Ly，定为节点Y；所述开关S5、S6的另一端相连并连接所述储能器Uc的负极，定为节点N；
所述输出电感Lx、Ly的另一端为高压交流的输出端。
本发明的另一个改进是，所述升压电路与逆变电路包括直流电源Udc、初始电感L、输出电感Lx、Ly、输出储能器Uc，以及通断开关 S1-S6；
所述直流电源Udc的负极连接所述初始电感L；
所述初始电感L另一端连接所述开关S2和S4，定为节点B；所述直流电源Udc的正极连接所述开关S1和S3，定为节点A；所述开关S1、S2的另一端相连并连接所述输出储能器Uc的正极，定为节点P；所述开关S3的另一端与所述开关S5相连并连接所述输出电感Lx，定为节点X；所述开关S4另一端与所述开关S6相连并连接所述输出电感Ly，定为节点Y；所述开关S5、S6的另一端相连并连接所述储能器Uc的负极，定为节点N；
所述输出电感Lx、Ly的另一端为高压交流的输出端。
本发明的进一步改进是，所述控制电路包括单片机及其外围电路。
本发明的进一步改进是，所述控制电路单片机是TMS320F2406型单片机。
本发明的有益效果是，新型的光伏逆变器克服了现有逆变装置零件众多、可靠性降低的缺点，极大的减少具体电路的零件数目，从而也极大的降低了电路的故障率，提高可靠性。同时也为灵活改变逆变装置的用途，开辟了简便的途径。使得一个具体的光伏逆变装置既可以适应较高频率的输出需求，也可以适应较低频率的输出需求；同时，既可以适应较高功率的输出需求，也可以适应较低功率的输出需求。而只需要改变极少几个零件参数和改变控制电路的软件执行程序就可以方便地完成改变。兼具技术改进和经济环保的有益效果。
附图说明
图1是本发明光伏逆变器逆变电路的总时序图。
具体实施方式
以下结合附图详述本发明的具体实施例。
参见图1。一种光伏逆变器，其包括升压与逆变电路，实现升压与逆变功能；所述升压与逆变电路处于同一级电路中。所述升压与逆变电路包括若干受控的开关；所述开关按照升压与逆变的要求分别依序接通或断开所在的支路；其所接通、断开的时刻及接通、断开的时长受控制电路的控制。电路级数的减少，也带来电路零件和连接线路的减少，极大地减少故障率，提高可靠性。特别设计的控制电路能够灵活改变逆变装置输出参数，扩大逆变器的应用范围。
参见图1。所述升压电路与逆变电路包括直流电源Udc、初始电感L、输出电感Lx、Ly、输出储能器Uc，以及通断开关S1-S6；
所述直流电源Udc的正极接所述初始电感L；
所述初始电感L另一端连接所述开关S1和S3，定为节点A；所述直流电源Udc的负极连接所述开关S2和S4，定为节点B；所述开关S1、S2的另一端相连并连接所述输出储能器Uc的正极，定为节点P；所述开关S3的另一端与所述开关S5相连并连接所述输出电感Lx，定为节点X；所述开关S4另一端与所述开关S6相连并连接所述输出电感Ly，定为节点Y；所述开关S5、S6的另一端相连并连接所述储能器Uc的负极，定为节点N；
所述输出电感Lx、Ly的另一端为高压交流的输出端。
本发明的另一个改进是，所述升压电路与逆变电路包括直流电源Udc、初始电感L、输出电感Lx、Ly、输出储能器Uc，以及通断开关S1-S6；
所述直流电源Udc的负极连接所述初始电感L；
所述初始电感L另一端连接所述开关S2和S4，定为节点B；所述直流电源Udc的正极连接所述开关S1和S3，定为节点A；所述开关S1、S2的另一端相连并连接所述输出储能器Uc的正极，定为节点P；所述开关S3的另一端与所述开关S5相连并连接所述输出电感Lx，定为节点X；所述开关S4另一端与所述开关S6相连并连接所述输出电感Ly，定为节点Y；所述开关S5、S6的另一端相连并连接所述储能器Uc的负极，定为节点N；
所述输出电感Lx、Ly的另一端为高压交流的输出端。
所述控制电路包括单片机及其外围电路。
所述控制电路单片机可以是TMS320F2406型单片机，也可以是其他型号的单片机。
本发明提供的一种光伏逆变器，其可以采用如下的升压与逆变的方法：在一定频率的载波脉冲的基础上，按照升压与逆变的要求分别依序接通或断开若干开关，以改变电路的连接，从而改变输入或输出回路电感的储能或续流的状态，实现升压及逆变；所述方法包括以下步骤：
在一个基频的周期内：
R4.逆变正半周，开关S1、S2、S5、S6接通，S3、S4断开，持 续合适的时长，逆变输出零电平，电感充磁；
R5.逆变正半周，开关S1、S2、S3、S6接通，S4、S5断开，持续合适的时长，逆变输出正电平，电感充磁；
R6.逆变正半周，开关S1、S3、S4、S6接通，S2、S5断开，持续合适的时长，逆变输出正电平，电感放磁；
R7.逆变正半周，开关S1、S4、S5、S6接通，S2、S3断开，持续合适的时长，逆变输出零电平，电感放磁；
重复步骤R4-R7操作直到构建一个目标交流电输出的完整正半周波形；
R8.逆变负半周，开关S1、S2、S5、S6接通，S3、S4断开，持续合适的时长，逆变输出零电平，电感充磁；
R9.逆变负半周，开关S1、S2、S4、S5接通，S3、S6断开，持续合适的时长，逆变输出负电平，电感充磁；
R10.逆变负半周，开关S1、S4、S5、S6接通，S2、S3断开，持续合适的时长，逆变输出零电平，电感放磁；
重复步骤R8-R10操作直到构建一个目标交流电输出的完整负半周波形；
所述光伏逆变器升压与逆变的方法，包括若干步骤。其中，所述合适持续时长中时长的确定，依据输出储能器电压Uc、直流电源电动势Udc、初始电感L、逆变电源额定功率P、载波周期Ts、逆变电压占空比D的参数与要求，
按照以下公式
Figure PCTCN2016087956-appb-000001
Figure PCTCN2016087956-appb-000002
重复上述操作直到构建一个目标交流电输出的完整波形。

Claims (5)

  1. 一种光伏逆变器，其包括升压与逆变电路，实现升压与逆变功能，其特征在于：所述升压与逆变电路处于同一级电路中。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的光伏逆变器，其特征在于：所述升压与逆变电路包括若干受控的开关；所述开关按照升压与逆变的要求分别依序接通或断开所在的支路；其所接通、断开的时刻及接通、断开的时长受控制电路的控制。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的光伏逆变器，其特征在于：所述升压与逆变电路包括直流电源Udc、初始电感L、输出电感Lx、Ly、输出储能器Uc，以及通断开关S1-S6；所述直流电源Udc的正极接所述初始电感L；所述初始电感L另一端连接所述开关S1和S3(节点A)；所述直流电源Udc的负极连接所述开关S2和S4(节点B)；所述开关S1、S2的另一端相连并连接所述输出储能器Uc的正极(节点P)；所述开关S3的另一端与所述开关S5相连并连接所述输出电感Lx；所述开关S4另一端与所述开关S6相连并连接所述输出电感Ly；所述开关S5、S6的另一端相连并连接所述储能器Uc的负极；所述输出电感Lx、Ly的另一端为高压交流的输出端。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的光伏逆变器，其特征在于：所述升压与逆变电路包括直流电源Udc、初始电感L、输出电感Lx、Ly、输出储能器Uc，以及通断开关S1-S6；所述直流电源Udc的负极连接所述初始电感L；所述初始电感L另一端连接所述开关S2和S4(节点B)；所述直流电源Udc的正极连接所述开关S1和S3(节点A)；所 述开关S1、S2的另一端相连并连接所述输出储能器Uc的正极(节点P)；所述开关S3的另一端与所述开关S5相连并连接所述输出电感Lx(节点X)；所述开关S4另一端与所述开关S6相连并连接所述输出电感Ly(节点Y)；所述开关S5、S6的另一端相连并连接所述储能器Uc的负极(节点N)；所述输出电感Lx、Ly的另一端为高压交流的输出端。
  5. 根据权利要求3或4所述的光伏逆变器，其特征在于：所述控制电路包括单片机及其外围电路。
    根据权利要求5所述的光伏逆变器，其特征在于：所述控制电路单片机是TMS320F2406型单片机。
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