WO2017221984A1 - Fault determination program and fault determination device for fresh water generation systems, and recording medium - Google Patents
Fault determination program and fault determination device for fresh water generation systems, and recording medium Download PDFInfo
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- WO2017221984A1 WO2017221984A1 PCT/JP2017/022881 JP2017022881W WO2017221984A1 WO 2017221984 A1 WO2017221984 A1 WO 2017221984A1 JP 2017022881 W JP2017022881 W JP 2017022881W WO 2017221984 A1 WO2017221984 A1 WO 2017221984A1
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- fresh water
- generation system
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D65/00—Accessories or auxiliary operations, in general, for separation processes or apparatus using semi-permeable membranes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D65/00—Accessories or auxiliary operations, in general, for separation processes or apparatus using semi-permeable membranes
- B01D65/02—Membrane cleaning or sterilisation ; Membrane regeneration
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D65/00—Accessories or auxiliary operations, in general, for separation processes or apparatus using semi-permeable membranes
- B01D65/02—Membrane cleaning or sterilisation ; Membrane regeneration
- B01D65/06—Membrane cleaning or sterilisation ; Membrane regeneration with special washing compositions
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/44—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/124—Water desalination
- Y02A20/131—Reverse-osmosis
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a trouble determination program, a trouble determination apparatus, and a recording medium for a fresh water generation system that obtains treated water by treating natural water such as river water, lake water, seawater, sewage wastewater, and industrial wastewater using a separation membrane. It is.
- the membrane separation method has features such as energy saving space and improved filtered water quality, and its use in various fields is expanding.
- microfiltration membranes and ultrafiltration membranes can be applied to water purification processes for producing industrial water and tap water from river water, groundwater and sewage treated water, pretreatment in seawater desalination reverse osmosis membrane treatment processes, Application to manufacturing process in the field.
- Patent Documents 1 and 2 describe the adjustment of the washing time of back pressure washing or back pressure washing according to the measured value of the membrane differential pressure during filtration.
- a method for controlling the frequency of physical cleaning such as air cleaning has been proposed.
- the present invention stabilizes the fresh water generation system by efficiently collecting and analyzing operation data during the filtration process and physical cleaning process, efficiently judging troubles in each process and predicting the operation and responding immediately. It is to be able to drive.
- the present invention has the following characteristics.
- a fresh water generation system that functions as a trouble determination means that compares the set value and determines that a trouble occurs when the processed data deviates from the set value, and a trouble determination output means that outputs the determination of the trouble
- the trouble determination output means displays at least one of the cause and countermeasure of the trouble.
- the computer is further caused to function as a recording cycle setting unit that sets data recording cycles of the filtration step and the physical cleaning step to different cycles, and the recording cycle setting unit is more effective than the filtration step.
- the computer-readable recording medium which recorded the trouble determination program of the fresh water generation system as described in (1) or (2) characterized by setting the data recording period of this.
- the physical washing process includes a backwashing process, the process selection means selects the backwashing process, and the processing rule is data of the backwashing water amount or the backwashing flow rate used for the backwashing.
- the computer-readable recording medium which recorded the trouble determination program of the fresh water generation system in any one of (1)-(3) characterized by using this.
- the physical washing step has at least one of an air washing step, a drainage step, and a water supply step, and the step selection means selects the air washing step, the drainage step, and the water supply step,
- the processing rule uses pressure data on the raw water side of the separation membrane.
- the computer readable recording of the trouble determination program for the fresh water generation system according to any one of (1) to (3) recoding media.
- the physical cleaning process includes an air washing process and a water supply process, and the process selection means selects the air washing process and the water supply process, and the processing rule flows in each process.
- the physical cleaning step includes a backwashing step performed by injecting chemicals, and the process selection means selects the backwashing step, and the processing rule is installed in the backwash pipe.
- a structure for determining a trouble of a fresh water generation system that repeats a filtration step of passing treated water through a separation membrane to obtain treated water, and a physical washing step of physically washing the separation membrane in a plurality of steps.
- a trouble determination device for a water system wherein operation data input means for inputting operation data of the filtration process and the physical cleaning process, operation data recording means for recording the operation data, and an attempt to determine a trouble Based on the process selection means for selecting the filtration process or the physical cleaning process, the process rule recording means for recording the process rule of the operation data in advance, and the process rule of the process selected by the process selection means Means for processing the operation data recorded in the operation data recording means to obtain processing data, and setting values relating to the processing data are recorded in advance.
- a trouble determination device for a fresh water generation system comprising:
- the computer is further caused to function as a recording cycle setting unit that sets different data recording cycles for the filtration step and the physical cleaning step, and the recording cycle setting unit is more effective than the filtration step. (10) or (11), wherein the data recording cycle is set to be short.
- the physical washing process includes a backwashing process, the process selection means selects the backwashing process, and the processing rule is data of the amount of backwashing water or backwashing flow used for the backwashing. (10) to (12), wherein the water freshening system trouble determination device is characterized in that
- the physical washing step has at least one of an air washing step, a drainage step, and a water supply step, and the process selection means selects the air washing step, the drainage step, and the water supply step, (13)
- the fresh water generation system trouble determination device according to any one of (10) to (12), wherein the processing rule uses pressure data on the raw water side of the separation membrane.
- the physical cleaning process includes an air washing process and a water supply process, and the process selection means selects the air washing process and the water supply process, and the processing rule flows in each process.
- the trouble determination device for a fresh water generation system according to any one of (10) to (12), wherein flow rate data of air and raw water is used.
- the physical cleaning step includes a backwashing step performed by injecting chemicals, and the process selecting means selects the backwashing step, and the processing rule is installed in the backwashing pipe.
- the trouble determination apparatus for a fresh water generation system according to any one of (10) to (12), wherein at least data of any one of a pH meter, a residual chlorine meter, and an ORP meter is used.
- the processing rule uses the degree of increase in filtration resistance in one cycle of the filtration step and the degree of increase in physical washing irreversible filtration after the physical washing step.
- the trouble determination apparatus of the fresh water generation system in any one.
- Means for processing data to obtain processing data, setting value recording means for previously recording setting values relating to the processing data, and the processing data A fresh water generation system that functions as a trouble determination means that compares the set value and determines that a trouble occurs when the processed data deviates from the set value, and a trouble determination output means that outputs the determination of the trouble Trouble judgment program.
- the computer is further functioned as a recording cycle setting unit that sets different data recording cycles for the filtering step and the physical cleaning step, and the recording cycle setting unit performs the physical cleaning step more than the filtering step. (10) or (11), wherein the data recording cycle is set short.
- the physical washing process includes a backwashing process, the process selection means selects the backwashing process, and the processing rule is data on the amount of backwashing water or backwashing flow used in the backwashing.
- the problem determination program for a fresh water generation system according to any one of (19) to (21), wherein
- the physical washing step includes at least one of an air washing step, a drainage step, and a water supply step, and the process selection means selects the air washing step, the drainage step, and the water supply step,
- the trouble determination program for a fresh water generation system according to any one of (19) to (21), wherein the processing rule uses pressure data on the raw water side of the separation membrane.
- the physical cleaning process includes an air washing process and a water supply process, and the process selection means selects the air washing process and the water supply process, and the processing rule flows in each process.
- the problem determination program for a fresh water generation system according to any one of (19) to (21), wherein flow rate data of raw water is used.
- the physical cleaning step includes a backwashing step performed by injecting chemicals, and the process selection means selects the backwashing step, and the processing rule is installed in the backwash pipe.
- the trouble determination program for a fresh water generation system according to any one of (19) to (21), wherein at least data of any one of a pH meter, a residual chlorine meter, and an ORP meter is used.
- Any one of (19) to (21) is characterized in that the processing rule uses a degree of increase in filtration resistance in one cycle of the filtration step and a degree of increase in physical washing irreversible filtration after the physical washing.
- a computer functioning by a computer-readable recording medium storing the trouble determination program for the fresh water generation system according to any one of (1) to (9) for managing the fresh water generation system, Timing predicting means for predicting the timing of chemical cleaning or replacement of the separation membrane based on the operating data of the operating data recording means, and the operating data recording means at least one operating data selected from filtration pressure, differential pressure, and filtration speed. And an analysis means for analyzing at least one filtration index among a change in filtration pressure, a change in filtration differential pressure, a change in filtration resistance, and a change in filtration speed from the data recorded by the operation data recording means by the time prediction means.
- Filtration characteristic change predicting means for predicting changes, computer-readable recording medium management program desalination system, characterized in that to further function as a.
- the time prediction means has a graph for displaying a basic prediction curve, and has a function of periodically making a new prediction and / or a function of making a new prediction when an abnormality occurs according to changes in operation data.
- a notification means for outputting a notification alarm when the number of days until the chemical cleaning date or replacement date of the separation membrane calculated by the time prediction means becomes equal to or less than a specified number of days.
- the computer-readable recording medium which recorded the management program of the desalination system of description.
- the fresh water generation system includes a chemical addition means for adding at least one chemical among a flocculant, a reducing agent, a bactericidal agent, and a scale control agent to the water to be treated.
- the operation data at the filtration process and the physical cleaning process is efficiently collected and analyzed, and the trouble at each process is efficiently determined, so that the trouble occurs. Since it is possible to quickly cope with troubles, it is possible to provide stable operation of the fresh water generation system.
- FIG. 1 is an apparatus schematic flowchart showing an example of a fresh water generation system to which the present invention is applied.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention.
- the fresh water generation system of the present invention includes a raw water tank 1 that stores treated water, a supply pump 2 that supplies treated liquid, and a separation membrane 3 that filters treated water.
- the backwash tank 4 for storing a part of the filtrate used for backwashing the separation membrane 3
- the backwash pump 5 for supplying the filtrate to the separation membrane 3 and backwashing
- Empty washing blower 6 raw water pipe 8 for supplying the liquid to be treated supplied from the supply pump 2 to the separation membrane 3
- backwash pipe for supplying the backwashing liquid supplied from the backwash pump 5 to the separation membrane 3.
- an air-washing pipe 10 for supplying air supplied from the air-washing blower 6 to the separation membrane 3, and liquid when the water to be treated is supplied excessively during backwashing or to the primary side of the separation membrane 3.
- the backwash drainage pipe 11 that flows out, the drainage pipe 12 that drains the treated water or the cleaning wastewater on the primary side of the separation membrane 3, and the separation
- Treated water is a solution to be treated using a separation membrane, and examples include river water, groundwater, seawater, sewage treated water, factory wastewater, and culture solution.
- the “primary side” is the side where the water to be treated is supplied in the space partitioned by the separation membrane, and the “secondary side” is the opposite.
- the pore size of the separation membrane used in the separation membrane is not particularly limited as long as it is porous, but depending on the nature and amount of water to be treated, an MF membrane (microfiltration membrane) or a UF membrane (extra limit) Filter membrane), or use both together.
- MF membrane microfiltration membrane
- UF membrane extra limit Filter membrane
- either the MF membrane or the UF membrane may be used.
- the shape of the separation membrane includes a hollow fiber membrane, a flat membrane, a tubular membrane, a monolith membrane, and the like, and any of them may be used.
- the material of the separation membrane is polyethylene, polypropylene, polyacrylonitrile, ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer, polychlorotrifluoroethylene, polytetrafluoroethylene, polyvinyl fluoride, tetrafluoroethylene-hexafluoropropylene copolymer.
- PVDF polyvinylidene fluoride
- Polysulfone cellulose acetate
- polyvinyl alcohol polyethersulfone
- ceramics and other inorganic materials such as ceramics
- PVDF polyvinylidene fluoride
- Polyacrylonitrile from the viewpoint that the strong is more preferable.
- the membrane filtration method may be a full-flow filtration module or a cross-flow filtration type, but the full-filtration type is preferred from the viewpoint of low energy consumption. Further, it may be a pressurization type or an immersion type, but the pressurization type is preferred from the viewpoint that a high flux operation is possible. In addition, it may be an external pressure type that supplies raw water from the outside of the membrane and obtains permeated water from the inside, or an internal pressure type that supplies raw water from the inside of the membrane and obtains permeated water from the outside. From the viewpoint of simplicity of processing, an external pressure type is preferred.
- the water to be treated is supplied to the primary side of the separation membrane 3 by the supply pump 2 to obtain filtrate from the secondary side. That is, the pressure difference between the primary side and the secondary side of the separation membrane 3 (hereinafter referred to as differential pressure) increases.
- differential pressure the pressure difference between the primary side and the secondary side of the separation membrane 3
- the backwashing tank 4 and the stored filtered water are washed by the backwash pump 5 from the secondary side to the primary side of the separation membrane 3 in the direction opposite to the filtration.
- the backwash liquid coming out of the system is discharged out of the system through the backwash drain pipe 11, and after backwashing for a predetermined time, the backwash pump 5 is stopped and the backwash process is completed.
- the air washing step is a step of supplying compressed air to the lower part of the separation membrane 3 from the air washing blower 6 to wash the separation membrane so that the separation membrane is swung.
- the blower 6 is stopped and the rinsing process is completed.
- the air generation source may be a blower or a compressor, but in the case of a compressor, an oil-free type is preferable so that oil in the air is not supplied to the separation membrane.
- the turbid components removed from the separation membrane 3 in the backwashing step and the air washing step are discharged out of the system, and discharged out of the system through the drainage pipe 12 connected to the lower part of the separation membrane 3. After a predetermined drainage time, the drainage process ends.
- the water supply process is a process of supplying the treated water to the primary side of the separation membrane 3 after the draining process.
- the treated water is supplied to the primary side of the separation membrane 3 by the supply pump 2 and the primary side is in a full state. Then, the excess amount overflows from the backwash drain pipe 11, and the water supply process ends after a predetermined water supply time.
- cleaning is generally implemented automatically by switching processes by automatic valves, such as a pneumatic valve or a motorized valve, although it is not illustrated by control apparatuses, such as PLC. .
- the present invention relates to a trouble determination program for determining a trouble in a fresh water generation system that repeatedly performs filtration and physical cleaning, a computer-readable recording medium that records the program, a management device, and a trouble determination device.
- the trouble determination program 32 causes a computer 31 having the following means to function.
- the trouble determination program 32 can be recorded in a recording device such as a memory or a hard disk of the computer 31, a control management system such as a PLC or DCS described later, and the form of recording is not particularly limited. It is shown in a state of being housed inside the computer 31.
- the computer 31 that obtains the operation data from the fresh water generation system 30 has an operation data input means 41 that extracts and inputs data related to filtration and physical cleaning among the operation data of the fresh water generation system 30 for each process.
- Each measurement value obtained in each step is recorded in the operation data recording means 42.
- the data recorded in the operation data recording means 42 is divided for each process by the process selection means 43 for determining which process trouble is to be determined, and the divided data is stored with a processing rule for processing for trouble determination. Processing is performed by means 45 for obtaining processing data in accordance with the processing rules stored in the processing rule storage means 44.
- Trouble determination is performed by the trouble determination means 47. Thereby, it is determined whether the filtration process is normal or the cleaning is normally performed in each physical cleaning process, and when it deviates, a trouble determination is output from the trouble determination output means 48 that outputs a determination result. As a result, the presence or absence of troubles can be automatically confirmed for each process, and when trouble occurs, it is possible to instantly confirm what kind of trouble is occurring in which process.
- the processing rule is a rule for processing operation data related to each process into an integrated value, maximum value, average value, minimum value, initial value, or a change amount with respect to a specified value. There is no problem even if it is included.
- the operation data input means can input operation data such as water quality not related to filtration or physical cleaning.
- the present invention is characterized by displaying at least one of the cause and countermeasure of the trouble. As a result, it is possible to quickly cope with troubles, and to minimize the stoppage time of the fresh water generation system at the time of troubles.
- the data collection (also called sampling, acquisition, or recording) cycle is set to a short time.
- the storage capacity (recording) of the operation data is increased, and the server capacity is pressed. Therefore, there is a problem that the data recording cycle cannot be set short. Therefore, in order to distinguish the operation data of the filtration process and the cleaning process and set them to different recording periods, it is also a preferable aspect to further provide a recording period setting means 55.
- the recording cycle setting means 55 is preferably provided on the upstream side of the operation data input means 41.
- the recording cycle of the recording cycle setting means 55 may be arbitrarily set in units of several tens of seconds to several hours in the case of a filtration process, but is set to be 1 minute or longer in order to prevent compression of server capacity. Is preferred. However, in the cleaning process, the cleaning time itself is shorter than in the filtration process, and data cannot be acquired in the same recording cycle as the filtration process. More preferably, the data analysis is set to 5 seconds or less. In this way, it is possible to prevent an increase in server capacity by acquiring the minimum necessary operation data that can determine the trouble of each process, and in the case of a form in which operation data is acquired via the Internet, communication Costs can be reduced.
- the processing rule in the backwashing step of physical washing, is a backwashing water amount that is a total amount of backwashing water used within a set time for backwashing or a backwash flow rate that is an instantaneous value of backwashing. It is characterized by using the data.
- the backwash flow rate is not less than the specified value, and it is also important that the total amount of backwash water is the specified value. The effect is reduced, causing an increase in the differential pressure of the separation membrane 3.
- the amount of backwash water is represented by the following calculation formula.
- Backwash water amount (m 3 ) backwash flow rate (m 3 / h) / 3600 sec ⁇ backwash time (sec)
- the amount of backwash water may be calculated by the above formula, or may be calculated by integrating the backwash flow rate for the backwash time.
- the backwash flow rate is generally an instantaneous value of the backwash flow meter 22.
- the backwashing flow rate is generally set to a flow rate higher than the normal filtration flow rate. By analyzing these, it is possible to determine a trouble in the backwashing process.
- the fresh water generation system 30 is generally not provided with a liquid level gauge for confirming the liquid level of the separation membrane. Therefore, in the present invention, it is generally characterized in that the trouble is determined by the pressure data of the supply pressure gauge 21 that is installed in the raw water pipe 8 installed in the fresh water generation system 30 and measures the supply pressure to the separation membrane 3. Yes. As a result, even if there is no air washing flow meter and separation membrane 3 liquid level meter, the pressure data of the supply pressure gauge 21 is lower than normal if the air flow does not flow in the air washing process at the rated flow rate during the air washing process.
- the value will be higher than normal, and the drainage on the primary side of the separation membrane 3 will be completely removed during the drainage process. If not, the value is higher than normal. If the primary side of the separation membrane 3 is not filled with the liquid to be treated during the water supply process, the value is lower than normal, so trouble determination is possible.
- the determination criterion may be to detect whether the instantaneous value of each flow meter is within the normal value range, or when the flow rate of the supply flow meter 25 is used in the water supply process, the integrated value of the supply water flow rate May be used as the determination reference value.
- a chemical solution such as sodium hypochlorite or hydrochloric acid may be injected into the backwash pipe 9 to improve the backwashing effect.
- the chemical solution is injected. It is preferable to keep the amount constant as specified. Therefore, although not shown in FIG. 1, when a pH meter, a residual chlorine meter, and an ORP meter are installed in the backwash pipe 9, any measured value varies depending on the chemical solution. It is possible to determine the trouble by comparing the data with the normal data.
- the present invention is characterized in that the processing rules are an increase in filtration resistance for one cycle and an increase in physical filtration irreversible filtration resistance after the physical cleaning.
- the degree of filtration resistance increase in one cycle is the filtration resistance (or filtration differential pressure) that increases in one cycle of the filtration process, and the filtration resistance is calculated by the following calculation formula and indicates the degree of membrane fouling. It is an indicator.
- the filtration differential pressure is a value obtained by subtracting the secondary pressure from the primary pressure of the separation membrane module.
- Filtration resistance (1 / m) filtration differential pressure (Pa) / (filtrated water viscosity (Pa ⁇ s) ⁇ filtration flux (m / s))
- the degree of increase in physical irreversible filtration resistance after physical cleaning is also an index indicating the degree of membrane fouling, but this represents a component that is not removed even if physical cleaning is performed, and the total amount of filtered water (m 3 / m 2 ) is the horizontal axis, and when the filtration resistance (1 / m) is plotted on the vertical axis, it indicates the slope of the straight line connecting the filtration resistance at the start of each filtration step. Alternatively, it indicates the slope of a straight line connecting the filtration differential pressure at the start of each filtration step when the filtration time is plotted on the horizontal axis and the filtration differential pressure is plotted on the vertical axis. Physical cleaning combined with chemical cleaning may also be included. These fouling indices are calculated according to the processing rules, and it is possible to determine that there is a trouble in the filtration process when deviating from the normal time.
- the trouble determination it may be determined as a trouble when the data processed by the processing rule instantaneously deviates from the normal time, and within each process time, the deviation continues for a set time.
- the case may be determined as a trouble, and the case where a deviation occurs at the final stage of each process time may be determined as a trouble.
- trouble determination is based on the value of each sensor, but depending on the accuracy of each sensor or the timing of the sampling cycle, the measurement itself may not be a true value.
- the trouble determination means 47 compares the processed data with the measured value and the set value, and if it deviates from the set value, it is determined as a trouble and becomes a disturbance. It is preferable not to determine that there is a problem. Therefore, the present invention is characterized in that a trouble is determined when the machining data deviates from the set value a plurality of times in order to remove the disturbance factor as described above. As a result, the disturbance can be eliminated and accurate trouble determination can be performed. Although the number of times is not specified, it takes time to determine a trouble if the number is too large, and disturbance is not removed if the number is too small.
- the above-described trouble determination form of the fresh water generation system is a trouble determination program, but it may be a computer-readable recording medium, a management device, a management method, or a trouble determination device.
- these forms are installed together with a control management system such as PLC or DCS normally installed in a fresh water generation system, or using a remote monitoring device from the control management system, operation data is taken out via the Internet, In general, it is installed on an on-premises server or a cloud server installed at an arbitrary location.
- the trouble determination device can be grasped as a hardware device having each means shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, and can have the same configuration as the computer 31.
- this patent includes a time predicting means 51 for predicting the time when the operation status in the fresh water generation system 30 replaces the chemical cleaning or separation membrane 3 from the operation data recording means 42. It is characterized by having. Specifically, the operation data recording means 42 records at least one operation data among filtration pressure, differential pressure, and filtration speed. From the data recorded by the operation data recording means 42 in the time prediction means 51, the analysis means 52 has a function of analyzing past data, and has filtration characteristic change predicting means 53 for calculating the past change of each data from the filtration index obtained by the analyzing means 52 and predicting the rate of change of the filtration characteristics. It is a thing. This makes it possible to predict the time until the separation membrane reaches chemical cleaning or the time until replacement.
- the prediction curve output by the time prediction means 51 in the normal state is displayed in a graph, and the result predicted and predicted by the same means when the trouble is determined periodically or by the trouble analysis means is the prediction curve.
- the operating condition changing means 54 changes the filtration conditions such as the filtration time and the filtration speed and / or the physical washing conditions such as the backwash process time so that the chemical cleaning date or the replacement date coincides with or is delayed from the scheduled date. It is more effective to have The operation condition changing means 54 predicts the operation costs such as the electricity consumption and the chemical consumption of the fresh water generation system, and has the function of determining the condition that the operation cost is the lowest. It can be reduced and it is efficient.
- the operating condition changing means 54 has a function of changing the addition rate of the medicine.
- the filtration flow rate / time, backwash flow rate / time, empty washing flow rate / time, drainage time, water supply time, physical washing method, etc. may be used. Absent.
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Abstract
Provided is a computer-readable recording medium having recorded therein a fault determination program for fresh water generation systems, the program causing a computer, for determining a fault taking place in a fresh water generation system which repeats a filtration step for passing to-be-treated water through a separation membrane and a physical cleaning step for physically cleaning the separation membrane via a plurality of processes, to function as: a means for inputting operation data for the filtration step and the physical cleaning step; a means for recording the operation data; a means for selecting the filtration step or physical cleaning step in which fault is to be determined; a processing rule recording means in which a processing rule for the operation data are preliminarily recorded; a means for obtaining processing data by processing the operation data recorded in the operation data recording means, on the basis of the processing rules for the step selected by the step selection means; a setting value recording means in which a setting value relating to the processing data is preliminarily recorded; a fault determination means which, in the case when the result of a comparison between the processing data and a setting value shows a deviation of the processing data from the setting value, determines that a fault has occurred; and a fault determination output means for outputting the fault determination.
Description
本発明は、分離膜を用いて河川水・湖水・海水などの自然水や下廃水・工業排水を処理して処理水を得る造水システムのトラブル判定プログラム及びトラブル判定装置、並びに記録媒体に関するものである。
The present invention relates to a trouble determination program, a trouble determination apparatus, and a recording medium for a fresh water generation system that obtains treated water by treating natural water such as river water, lake water, seawater, sewage wastewater, and industrial wastewater using a separation membrane. It is.
膜分離法は、省エネルギー・スペース、およびろ過水質向上等の特長を有するため、様々な分野での使用が拡大している。例えば、精密ろ過膜や限外ろ過膜を河川水や地下水や下水処理水から工業用水や水道水を製造する浄水プロセスへの適用や、海水淡水化逆浸透膜処理工程における前処理や、食品工業分野での製造プロセスへの適用があげられる。
The membrane separation method has features such as energy saving space and improved filtered water quality, and its use in various fields is expanding. For example, microfiltration membranes and ultrafiltration membranes can be applied to water purification processes for producing industrial water and tap water from river water, groundwater and sewage treated water, pretreatment in seawater desalination reverse osmosis membrane treatment processes, Application to manufacturing process in the field.
被処理水を膜ろ過すると、処理水量に伴って、膜表面や膜細孔内及び分離膜モジュール内に汚染物質の蓄積量が増大していき、処理水量・水質の低下あるいは差圧の上昇が問題となってくる。
When the water to be treated is subjected to membrane filtration, the accumulated amount of contaminants increases on the membrane surface, membrane pores, and separation membrane module with the amount of treated water, and the amount of treated water / water quality decreases or the differential pressure increases. It becomes a problem.
そこで、膜の一次側に気泡を導入し、膜を揺動させ、膜同士を触れ合わせることにより膜表面の付着物質を掻き落とす空気洗浄や、膜のろ過方法とは逆方向に処理水あるいは清澄水を圧力で押し込み、膜表面や膜細孔内に付着していた汚染物質を排除する逆圧洗浄、空気洗浄と逆圧洗浄を同時に行う空逆同時洗浄等の物理洗浄が実用化されている。
Therefore, air is introduced into the primary side of the membrane, the membranes are swung, and the membranes are brought into contact with each other, so that the adhered substances on the membrane surface are scraped off. Physical cleaning such as reverse pressure cleaning that pushes water with pressure and eliminates contaminants adhering to the membrane surface and membrane pores, and air back and reverse cleaning that simultaneously performs air cleaning and back pressure cleaning have been put into practical use. .
さらに安定的かつ長期間の膜ろ過連続運転を行うため、特許文献1、2には、ろ過時の膜差圧の測定値に応じて、逆圧洗浄の洗浄時間の調整、または逆圧洗浄や空気洗浄などの物理洗浄頻度を制御する方法が提案されている。
In order to perform a stable and long-term continuous membrane filtration operation, Patent Documents 1 and 2 describe the adjustment of the washing time of back pressure washing or back pressure washing according to the measured value of the membrane differential pressure during filtration. A method for controlling the frequency of physical cleaning such as air cleaning has been proposed.
しかし、特許文献1~2に記載された膜ろ過差圧に応じた洗浄時間・頻度など物理洗浄制御を実施しても物理洗浄自体が正常に実施されなければ、差圧上昇を抑制できず膜ろ過の運転を十分に安定化できないといった問題があった。さらに、ろ過時間に対して通常短い時間で実施される物理洗浄のトラブルを判定するにはデータの収集周期を短い間隔に設定する必要があり、その場合、運転データ保存量が増大することでサーバー容量が圧迫されるといった問題があった。
However, even if physical cleaning control such as cleaning time and frequency according to the membrane filtration differential pressure described in Patent Documents 1 and 2 is performed, if the physical cleaning itself is not performed normally, the increase in the differential pressure cannot be suppressed. There was a problem that the filtration operation could not be stabilized sufficiently. Furthermore, it is necessary to set the data collection cycle to a short interval in order to determine the trouble of physical cleaning that is usually performed in a short time with respect to the filtration time. There was a problem that capacity was pressed.
本発明は、ろ過工程および物理洗浄工程時の運転データを効率的に収集・分析し、効率的に各工程でのトラブルを判定しかつ運転予測し早急に対応することで、造水システムを安定運転可能とすることにある。
The present invention stabilizes the fresh water generation system by efficiently collecting and analyzing operation data during the filtration process and physical cleaning process, efficiently judging troubles in each process and predicting the operation and responding immediately. It is to be able to drive.
上記課題を解決するため、本発明は、次の特徴を有するものである。
In order to solve the above problems, the present invention has the following characteristics.
(1)被処理水を分離膜に透過させて処理水を得るろ過工程と、前記分離膜を複数の工程で物理的に洗浄する物理洗浄工程と、を繰り返す造水システムのトラブルを判定するためにコンピュータを、前記ろ過工程と前記物理洗浄工程の運転データを入力する運転データ入力手段、前記運転データを記録しておく運転データ記録手段、トラブルを判定しようとする前記ろ過工程または前記物理洗浄工程を選択する工程選択手段、予め前記運転データの加工ルールを記録しておく加工ルール記録手段、前記工程選択手段により選択された工程の前記加工ルールに基づき前記運転データ記録手段に記録された前記運転データを加工して加工データを得る手段、予め前記加工データに関する設定値を記録しておく設定値記録手段、前記加工データと前記設定値を比較して前記加工データが前記設定値を逸脱した場合にトラブルと判定するトラブル判定手段、前記トラブルの判定を出力するトラブル判定出力手段、として機能させることを特徴とする造水システムのトラブル判定プログラムを記録したコンピュータ読み取り可能な記録媒体。
(1) To determine a trouble of a fresh water generation system that repeats a filtration step of passing treated water through a separation membrane to obtain treated water and a physical washing step of physically washing the separation membrane in a plurality of steps. Computer, operation data input means for inputting operation data of the filtration step and the physical cleaning step, operation data recording means for recording the operation data, the filtration step or the physical cleaning step for determining trouble A process selection means for selecting the operation data, a process rule recording means for recording a process rule for the operation data in advance, and the operation recorded in the operation data recording means based on the process rule for the process selected by the process selection means. Means for processing data to obtain processing data, setting value recording means for recording setting values relating to the processing data in advance, and the processing data; A fresh water generation system that functions as a trouble determination means that compares the set value and determines that a trouble occurs when the processed data deviates from the set value, and a trouble determination output means that outputs the determination of the trouble A computer-readable recording medium on which the trouble determination program is recorded.
(2)前記トラブル判定出力手段が、トラブルの原因、対策の少なくとも一つを表示するものであることを特徴とする(1)に記載の造水システムのトラブル判定プログラムを記録したコンピュータ読み取り可能な記録媒体。
(2) The trouble determination output means displays at least one of the cause and countermeasure of the trouble. The computer-readable recording of the fresh water generation system trouble determination program according to (1) recoding media.
(3)前記コンピュータを、前記ろ過工程と前記物理洗浄工程それぞれのデータ記録周期を異なる周期に設定する記録周期設定手段としてさらに機能させ、前記記録周期設定手段が前記ろ過工程よりも前記物理洗浄工程のデータ記録周期を短く設定することを特徴とする(1)または(2)に記載の造水システムのトラブル判定プログラムを記録したコンピュータ読み取り可能な記録媒体。
(3) The computer is further caused to function as a recording cycle setting unit that sets data recording cycles of the filtration step and the physical cleaning step to different cycles, and the recording cycle setting unit is more effective than the filtration step. The computer-readable recording medium which recorded the trouble determination program of the fresh water generation system as described in (1) or (2) characterized by setting the data recording period of this.
(4)前記物理洗浄工程が逆洗工程を有し、前記工程選択手段が前記逆洗工程を選択するものであり、前記加工ルールが前記逆洗に用いられる逆洗水量または逆洗流量のデータを用いるものであることを特徴とする(1)~(3)のいずれかに記載の造水システムのトラブル判定プログラムを記録したコンピュータ読み取り可能な記録媒体。
(4) The physical washing process includes a backwashing process, the process selection means selects the backwashing process, and the processing rule is data of the backwashing water amount or the backwashing flow rate used for the backwashing. The computer-readable recording medium which recorded the trouble determination program of the fresh water generation system in any one of (1)-(3) characterized by using this.
(5)前記物理洗浄工程が少なくとも空洗工程、排水工程、給水工程のいずれかを有し、前記工程選択手段が前記空洗工程、前記排水工程、前記給水工程を選択するものであり、前記加工ルールが、前記分離膜の原水側の圧力データを用いるものであることを特徴とする(1)~(3)のいずれかに記載の造水システムのトラブル判定プログラムを記録したコンピュータ読み取り可能な記録媒体。
(5) The physical washing step has at least one of an air washing step, a drainage step, and a water supply step, and the step selection means selects the air washing step, the drainage step, and the water supply step, The processing rule uses pressure data on the raw water side of the separation membrane. The computer readable recording of the trouble determination program for the fresh water generation system according to any one of (1) to (3) recoding media.
(6)前記物理洗浄工程が、空洗工程、給水工程を有し、前記工程選択手段が、前記空洗工程、前記給水工程を選択するものであり、前記加工ルールが各々の工程で流入する空気、原水の流量データを用いるものであることを特徴とする(1)~(3)のいずれかに記載の造水システムのトラブル判定プログラムを記録したコンピュータ読み取り可能な記録媒体。
(6) The physical cleaning process includes an air washing process and a water supply process, and the process selection means selects the air washing process and the water supply process, and the processing rule flows in each process. A computer-readable recording medium on which a trouble determination program for a fresh water generation system according to any one of (1) to (3) is used, which uses flow rate data of air and raw water.
(7)前記物理洗浄工程が、薬品を注入して行う逆洗工程を有し、前記工程選択手段が前記逆洗工程を選択するものであり、前記加工ルールが、逆洗配管に設置される、少なくともpH計、残留塩素計、ORP計のいずれかのデータを用いるものであることを特徴とする(1)~(3)のいずれかに記載の造水システムのトラブル判定プログラムを記録したコンピュータ読み取り可能な記録媒体。
(7) The physical cleaning step includes a backwashing step performed by injecting chemicals, and the process selection means selects the backwashing step, and the processing rule is installed in the backwash pipe. A computer recording a problem determination program for a freshwater generation system according to any one of (1) to (3), wherein at least data of any one of a pH meter, a residual chlorine meter, and an ORP meter is used A readable recording medium.
(8)前記加工ルールが、前記ろ過工程1サイクルのろ過抵抗上昇度と、前記物理洗浄後の物理洗浄不可逆ろ過上昇度を用いるものであることを特徴とする(1)~(3)のいずれかに記載の造水システムのトラブル判定プログラムを記録したコンピュータ読み取り可能な記録媒体。
(8) Any one of (1) to (3), wherein the processing rule uses a degree of increase in filtration resistance in one cycle of the filtration step and a degree of increase in physical washing irreversible filtration after the physical washing. A computer-readable recording medium in which the trouble determination program for the fresh water generation system according to claim 1 is recorded.
(9)前記加工データが前記設定値を複数回連続して逸脱した場合に、前記トラブル判定手段がトラブルと判定することを特徴とする(1)~(8)のいずれかに記載の造水システムのトラブル判定プログラムを記録したコンピュータ読み取り可能な記録媒体。
(9) The fresh water generation according to any one of (1) to (8), wherein the trouble determination means determines that a trouble has occurred when the processing data deviates from the set value a plurality of times in succession. A computer-readable recording medium on which a system trouble determination program is recorded.
(10)被処理水を分離膜に透過させて処理水を得るろ過工程と、前記分離膜を複数の工程で物理的に洗浄する物理洗浄工程と、を繰り返す造水システムのトラブルを判定する造水システムのトラブル判定装置であって、前記ろ過工程と前記物理洗浄工程の運転データを入力する運転データ入力手段と、前記運転データを記録しておく運転データ記録手段と、トラブルを判定しようとする前記ろ過工程または前記物理洗浄の工程を選択する工程選択手段と、予め前記運転データの加工ルールを記録しておく加工ルール記録手段と、前記工程選択手段により選択された工程の前記加工ルールに基づき前記運転データ記録手段に記録された前記運転データを加工して加工データを得る手段と、予め前記加工データに関する設定値を記録しておく設定値記録手段と、前記加工データと前記設定値を比較して前記加工データが前記設定値を逸脱した場合にトラブルと判定するトラブル判定手段と、前記トラブル判定を出力するトラブル判定出力手段と、を備えることを特徴とする造水システムのトラブル判定装置。
(10) A structure for determining a trouble of a fresh water generation system that repeats a filtration step of passing treated water through a separation membrane to obtain treated water, and a physical washing step of physically washing the separation membrane in a plurality of steps. A trouble determination device for a water system, wherein operation data input means for inputting operation data of the filtration process and the physical cleaning process, operation data recording means for recording the operation data, and an attempt to determine a trouble Based on the process selection means for selecting the filtration process or the physical cleaning process, the process rule recording means for recording the process rule of the operation data in advance, and the process rule of the process selected by the process selection means Means for processing the operation data recorded in the operation data recording means to obtain processing data, and setting values relating to the processing data are recorded in advance. A fixed value recording means, a trouble determination means for comparing the machining data with the set value and determining a trouble when the machining data deviates from the set value, and a trouble determination output means for outputting the trouble determination. A trouble determination device for a fresh water generation system, comprising:
(11)前記トラブル判定出力手段が、トラブルの原因、対策の少なくとも一つを表示するものであることを特徴とする(10)に記載の造水システムのトラブル判定装置。
(11) The trouble determination device for a fresh water generation system according to (10), wherein the trouble determination output means displays at least one of a cause and a countermeasure of the trouble.
(12)前記コンピュータを、前記ろ過工程と前記物理洗浄工程それぞれのデータ記録周期を異なる周期に設定する記録周期設定手段としてさらに機能させ、前記記録周期設定手段が前記ろ過工程よりも前記物理洗浄工程のデータ記録周期を短く設定することを特徴とする(10)または(11)に記載の造水システムのトラブル判定装置。
(12) The computer is further caused to function as a recording cycle setting unit that sets different data recording cycles for the filtration step and the physical cleaning step, and the recording cycle setting unit is more effective than the filtration step. (10) or (11), wherein the data recording cycle is set to be short.
(13)前記物理洗浄工程が逆洗工程を有し、前記工程選択手段が前記逆洗工程を選択するものであり、前記加工ルールが前記逆洗に用いられる逆洗水量または逆洗流量のデータを用いるものであることを特徴とする(10)~(12)のいずれかに記載の造水システムのトラブル判定装置。
(13) The physical washing process includes a backwashing process, the process selection means selects the backwashing process, and the processing rule is data of the amount of backwashing water or backwashing flow used for the backwashing. (10) to (12), wherein the water freshening system trouble determination device is characterized in that
(14)前記物理洗浄工程が少なくとも空洗工程、排水工程、給水工程のいずれかを有し、前記工程選択手段が前記空洗工程、前記排水工程、前記給水工程を選択するものであり、前記加工ルールが、前記分離膜の原水側の圧力データを用いるものであることを特徴とする(10)~(12)のいずれかに記載の造水システムのトラブル判定装置。
(14) The physical washing step has at least one of an air washing step, a drainage step, and a water supply step, and the process selection means selects the air washing step, the drainage step, and the water supply step, (13) The fresh water generation system trouble determination device according to any one of (10) to (12), wherein the processing rule uses pressure data on the raw water side of the separation membrane.
(15)前記物理洗浄工程が、空洗工程、給水工程を有し、前記工程選択手段が、前記空洗工程、前記給水工程を選択するものであり、前記加工ルールが各々の工程で流入する空気、原水の流量データを用いるものであることを特徴とする(10)~(12)のいずれかに記載の造水システムのトラブル判定装置。
(15) The physical cleaning process includes an air washing process and a water supply process, and the process selection means selects the air washing process and the water supply process, and the processing rule flows in each process. (13) The trouble determination device for a fresh water generation system according to any one of (10) to (12), wherein flow rate data of air and raw water is used.
(16)前記物理洗浄工程が、薬品を注入して行う逆洗工程を有し、前記工程選択手段が前記逆洗工程を選択するものであり、前記加工ルールが、逆洗配管に設置される、少なくともpH計、残留塩素計、ORP計のいずれかのデータを用いるものであることを特徴とする(10)~(12)のいずれかに記載の造水システムのトラブル判定装置。
(16) The physical cleaning step includes a backwashing step performed by injecting chemicals, and the process selecting means selects the backwashing step, and the processing rule is installed in the backwashing pipe. The trouble determination apparatus for a fresh water generation system according to any one of (10) to (12), wherein at least data of any one of a pH meter, a residual chlorine meter, and an ORP meter is used.
(17)前記加工ルールが、前記ろ過工程1サイクルのろ過抵抗上昇度と、前記物理洗浄工程後の物理洗浄不可逆ろ過上昇度を用いるものであることを特徴とする(10)~(12)のいずれかに記載の造水システムのトラブル判定装置。
(17) The processing rule uses the degree of increase in filtration resistance in one cycle of the filtration step and the degree of increase in physical washing irreversible filtration after the physical washing step. The trouble determination apparatus of the fresh water generation system in any one.
(18)前記加工データが前記設定値を複数回連続して逸脱した場合に、前記トラブル判定手段がトラブルと判定することを特徴とする(10)~(17)のいずれかに記載の造水システムのトラブル判定装置。
(18) The fresh water generation according to any one of (10) to (17), wherein the trouble determining means determines that a trouble has occurred when the machining data deviates from the set value continuously a plurality of times. System trouble determination device.
(19)被処理水を分離膜に透過させて処理水を得るろ過工程と、前記分離膜を複数の工程で物理的に洗浄する物理洗浄工程と、を繰り返す造水システムのトラブルを判定するためにコンピュータを、前記ろ過工程と前記物理洗浄工程の運転データを入力する運転データ入力手段、前記運転データを記録しておく運転データ記録手段、トラブルを判定しようとする前記ろ過工程または前記物理洗浄工程を選択する工程選択手段、予め前記運転データの加工ルールを記録しておく加工ルール記録手段、前記工程選択手段により選択された工程の前記加工ルールに基づき前記運転データ記録手段に記録された前記運転データを加工して加工データを得る手段、予め前記加工データに関する設定値を記録しておく設定値記録手段、前記加工データと前記設定値を比較して前記加工データが前記設定値を逸脱した場合にトラブルと判定するトラブル判定手段、前記トラブルの判定を出力するトラブル判定出力手段、として機能させることを特徴とする造水システムのトラブル判定プログラム。
(19) To determine troubles in a fresh water generation system that repeats a filtration step of passing treated water through a separation membrane to obtain treated water and a physical washing step of physically washing the separation membrane in a plurality of steps. Computer, operation data input means for inputting operation data of the filtration step and the physical cleaning step, operation data recording means for recording the operation data, the filtration step or the physical cleaning step for determining trouble A process selection means for selecting the operation data, a process rule recording means for recording a process rule for the operation data in advance, and the operation recorded in the operation data recording means based on the process rule for the process selected by the process selection means. Means for processing data to obtain processing data, setting value recording means for previously recording setting values relating to the processing data, and the processing data A fresh water generation system that functions as a trouble determination means that compares the set value and determines that a trouble occurs when the processed data deviates from the set value, and a trouble determination output means that outputs the determination of the trouble Trouble judgment program.
(20)前記トラブル判定出力手段が、トラブルの原因、対策の少なくとも一つを表示するものであることを特徴とする(19)に記載の造水システムのトラブル判定プログラム。
(20) The trouble determination program for a fresh water generation system according to (19), wherein the trouble determination output means displays at least one of a cause and a countermeasure of the trouble.
(21)前記コンピュータを、前記ろ過工程と前記物理洗浄工程それぞれのデータ記録周期を異なる周期に設定する記録周期設定手段としてさらに機能させ、前記記録周期設定手段が前記ろ過工程よりも前記物理洗浄工程のデータ記録周期を短く設定することを特徴とする(10)または(11)に記載の造水システムのトラブル判定プログラム。
(21) The computer is further functioned as a recording cycle setting unit that sets different data recording cycles for the filtering step and the physical cleaning step, and the recording cycle setting unit performs the physical cleaning step more than the filtering step. (10) or (11), wherein the data recording cycle is set short.
(22)前記物理洗浄工程が逆洗工程を有し、前記工程選択手段が前記逆洗工程を選択するものであり、前記加工ルールが前記逆洗に用いられる逆洗水量または逆洗流量のデータを用いるものであることを特徴とする(19)~(21)のいずれかに記載の造水システムのトラブル判定プログラム。
(22) The physical washing process includes a backwashing process, the process selection means selects the backwashing process, and the processing rule is data on the amount of backwashing water or backwashing flow used in the backwashing. (19) The problem determination program for a fresh water generation system according to any one of (19) to (21), wherein
(23)前記物理洗浄工程が少なくとも空洗工程、排水工程、給水工程のいずれかを有し、前記工程選択手段が前記空洗工程、前記排水工程、前記給水工程を選択するものであり、前記加工ルールが、前記分離膜の原水側の圧力データを用いるものであることを特徴とする(19)~(21)のいずれかに記載の造水システムのトラブル判定プログラム。
(23) The physical washing step includes at least one of an air washing step, a drainage step, and a water supply step, and the process selection means selects the air washing step, the drainage step, and the water supply step, The trouble determination program for a fresh water generation system according to any one of (19) to (21), wherein the processing rule uses pressure data on the raw water side of the separation membrane.
(24)前記物理洗浄工程が、空洗工程、給水工程を有し、前記工程選択手段が、前記空洗工程、前記給水工程を選択するものであり、前記加工ルールが各々の工程で流入する空気、原水の流量データを用いるものであることを特徴とする(19)~(21)のいずれかに記載の造水システムのトラブル判定プログラム。
(24) The physical cleaning process includes an air washing process and a water supply process, and the process selection means selects the air washing process and the water supply process, and the processing rule flows in each process. (19) The problem determination program for a fresh water generation system according to any one of (19) to (21), wherein flow rate data of raw water is used.
(25)前記物理洗浄工程が、薬品を注入して行う逆洗工程を有し、前記工程選択手段が前記逆洗工程を選択するものであり、前記加工ルールが、逆洗配管に設置される、少なくともpH計、残留塩素計、ORP計のいずれかのデータを用いるものであることを特徴とする(19)~(21)のいずれかに記載の造水システムのトラブル判定プログラム。
(25) The physical cleaning step includes a backwashing step performed by injecting chemicals, and the process selection means selects the backwashing step, and the processing rule is installed in the backwash pipe. The trouble determination program for a fresh water generation system according to any one of (19) to (21), wherein at least data of any one of a pH meter, a residual chlorine meter, and an ORP meter is used.
(26)前記加工ルールが、前記ろ過工程1サイクルのろ過抵抗上昇度と、前記物理洗浄後の物理洗浄不可逆ろ過上昇度を用いるものであることを特徴とする(19)~(21)のいずれかに記載の造水システムのトラブル判定プログラム。
(26) Any one of (19) to (21) is characterized in that the processing rule uses a degree of increase in filtration resistance in one cycle of the filtration step and a degree of increase in physical washing irreversible filtration after the physical washing. The problem determination program for fresh water generation systems described in Crab.
(27)前記加工データが前記設定値を複数回連続して逸脱した場合に、前記トラブル判定手段がトラブルと判定することを特徴とする(19)~(25)のいずれかに記載の造水システムのトラブル判定プログラム。
(27) The fresh water generation according to any one of (19) to (25), wherein the trouble determining means determines that a trouble has occurred when the processing data deviates from the set value a plurality of times in succession. System trouble determination program.
(28)前記造水システムの管理を行うために、(1)~(9)のいずれかに記載の造水システムのトラブル判定プログラムを記録したコンピュータ読み取り可能な記録媒体によって機能するコンピュータを、前記運転データ記録手段の運転データに基づいて前記分離膜を薬品洗浄または交換する時期を予測する時期予測手段、前記運転データ記録手段が少なくともろ過圧力、差圧、ろ過速度から選ばれる1つの運転データを記録するものであると共に、前記時期予測手段が前記運転データ記録手段で記録したデータからろ過圧力変化、ろ過差圧変化、ろ過抵抗変化、ろ過速度変化のうち少なくとも1つのろ過指標を解析する解析手段、前記解析手段で得られたろ過指標から、ろ過圧力、ろ過抵抗、ろ過速度のうち少なくとも1つのろ過特性変化を予測するろ過特性変化予測手段、としてさらに機能させることを特徴とする造水システムの管理プログラムを記録したコンピュータ読み取り可能な記録媒体。
(28) A computer functioning by a computer-readable recording medium storing the trouble determination program for the fresh water generation system according to any one of (1) to (9) for managing the fresh water generation system, Timing predicting means for predicting the timing of chemical cleaning or replacement of the separation membrane based on the operating data of the operating data recording means, and the operating data recording means at least one operating data selected from filtration pressure, differential pressure, and filtration speed. And an analysis means for analyzing at least one filtration index among a change in filtration pressure, a change in filtration differential pressure, a change in filtration resistance, and a change in filtration speed from the data recorded by the operation data recording means by the time prediction means. From the filtration index obtained by the analyzing means, at least one filtration characteristic among filtration pressure, filtration resistance, and filtration rate is obtained. Filtration characteristic change predicting means for predicting changes, computer-readable recording medium management program desalination system, characterized in that to further function as a.
(29)前記時期予測手段が基本となる予測曲線をグラフ表示するとともに、運転データの変化に応じて、周期的に新規予測する機能および/または異常が発生した場合に新規予測する機能を有することを特徴とする(28)に記載の造水システムの管理プログラムを記録したコンピュータ読み取り可能な記録媒体。
(29) The time prediction means has a graph for displaying a basic prediction curve, and has a function of periodically making a new prediction and / or a function of making a new prediction when an abnormality occurs according to changes in operation data. A computer-readable recording medium in which the management program for the fresh water generation system according to (28) is recorded.
(30)前記時期予測手段で計算された前記分離膜の薬品洗浄日または交換日までの日数が指定日数以下となった場合に通知アラームを出力する通知手段を有する(28)または(29)に記載の造水システムの管理プログラムを記録したコンピュータ読み取り可能な記録媒体。
(30) In the notification means (28) or (29), there is provided a notification means for outputting a notification alarm when the number of days until the chemical cleaning date or replacement date of the separation membrane calculated by the time prediction means becomes equal to or less than a specified number of days. The computer-readable recording medium which recorded the management program of the desalination system of description.
(31)前記分離膜の薬品洗浄日または交換日が、予め設定した予定日よりも早い場合、警報アラームを出力する警報手段を有する(28)~(30)のいずれかに記載の造水システムの管理プログラムを記録したコンピュータ読み取り可能な記録媒体。
(31) The fresh water generation system according to any one of (28) to (30), further comprising warning means for outputting a warning alarm when the date of chemical cleaning or replacement of the separation membrane is earlier than a preset scheduled date. A computer-readable recording medium on which the management program is recorded.
(32)前記分離膜の薬品洗浄日または交換日が、予め設定した予定日よりも早い場合、前記薬品洗浄日または交換日が、前記予定日と一致または前記予定日よりも遅くなるように、ろ過条件および/または洗浄条件を変更する運転条件変更手段を有する(28)~(31)のいずれかに記載の造水システムの管理プログラムを記録したコンピュータ読み取り可能な記録媒体。
(32) When the chemical cleaning date or replacement date of the separation membrane is earlier than the preset scheduled date, the chemical cleaning date or replacement date is coincident with or later than the scheduled date, A computer-readable recording medium in which the management program for a fresh water generation system according to any one of (28) to (31) is provided, which has operation condition changing means for changing filtration conditions and / or washing conditions.
(33)前記運転条件変更手段は、運転コスト予測機能と、運転コストが最も低くなるようにろ過条件および/または洗浄条件を決定する機能をさらに有する(32)に記載の造水システムの管理プログラムを記録したコンピュータ読み取り可能な記録媒体。
(33) The fresh water management system management program according to (32), wherein the operating condition changing means further has an operating cost prediction function and a function of determining a filtering condition and / or a cleaning condition so that the operating cost is the lowest. A computer-readable recording medium on which is recorded.
(34)前記造水システムが、被処理水に凝集剤、還元剤、殺菌剤、スケールコントロール剤のうち少なくとも1つの薬剤を添加する薬剤添加手段を備えるものであり、前記運転条件変更手段が前記薬剤の添加率を変更する機能をさらに有することを特徴とする(32)または(33)に記載の造水システムの管理プログラムを記録したコンピュータ読み取り可能な記録媒体。
(34) The fresh water generation system includes a chemical addition means for adding at least one chemical among a flocculant, a reducing agent, a bactericidal agent, and a scale control agent to the water to be treated. The computer-readable recording medium on which the management program for the fresh water generation system according to (32) or (33) is further provided with a function of changing a drug addition rate.
本発明の造水システムのトラブル判定プログラムによれば、ろ過工程および物理洗浄工程時の運転データを効率的に収集・分析し、効率的に各工程でのトラブルを判定することで、トラブル発生時に早急なトラブル対応を行うことができるため、安定的に造水システムを運転することを提供できる。
According to the trouble determination program of the fresh water generation system of the present invention, the operation data at the filtration process and the physical cleaning process is efficiently collected and analyzed, and the trouble at each process is efficiently determined, so that the trouble occurs. Since it is possible to quickly cope with troubles, it is possible to provide stable operation of the fresh water generation system.
以下、図面に示す実施態様に基づいて本発明をさらに詳細に説明する。なお、本発明は以下の実施態様に限定されるものではない。
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail based on embodiments shown in the drawings. In addition, this invention is not limited to the following embodiments.
本発明の造水システムとは、例えば、図1に示すように、被処理水を貯留する原水槽1と、被処理液を供給する供給ポンプ2と、被処理水をろ過する分離膜3と、分離膜3を逆洗する場合用いるろ過液の一部を貯留する逆洗槽4と、ろ過液を分離膜3に供給し逆洗する逆洗ポンプ5と、分離膜3を空洗するための空洗ブロア6と、供給ポンプ2より供給される被処理液を分離膜3に供給する原水配管8と、逆洗ポンプ5より供給される逆洗液を分離膜3に供給する逆洗配管9と、空洗ブロア6より供給される空気を分離膜3に供給する空洗配管10と、逆洗時もしくは分離膜3の一次側に被処理水を供給し過剰となった場合に液が流出する逆洗排水配管11と、分離膜3の一次側の被処理水または洗浄排水を排水する排水配管12と、分離膜3からろ過水が流出するろ過水配管13と、原水配管8に設置され分離膜3への供給圧力を測定する供給圧力計21と、逆洗配管9に設置され逆洗の流量を測定する逆洗流量計22と、空洗配管10に設置され空洗の流量を測定する空洗流量計23と、ろ過水配管13に設置されろ過水圧力を測定するろ過圧力計24と、原水配管8に設置され分離膜3への供給流量を測定する供給流量計25が設けられている造水システム30である。
For example, as shown in FIG. 1, the fresh water generation system of the present invention includes a raw water tank 1 that stores treated water, a supply pump 2 that supplies treated liquid, and a separation membrane 3 that filters treated water. In order to backwash the separation membrane 3, the backwash tank 4 for storing a part of the filtrate used for backwashing the separation membrane 3, the backwash pump 5 for supplying the filtrate to the separation membrane 3 and backwashing, Empty washing blower 6, raw water pipe 8 for supplying the liquid to be treated supplied from the supply pump 2 to the separation membrane 3, and backwash pipe for supplying the backwashing liquid supplied from the backwash pump 5 to the separation membrane 3. 9, an air-washing pipe 10 for supplying air supplied from the air-washing blower 6 to the separation membrane 3, and liquid when the water to be treated is supplied excessively during backwashing or to the primary side of the separation membrane 3. The backwash drainage pipe 11 that flows out, the drainage pipe 12 that drains the treated water or the cleaning wastewater on the primary side of the separation membrane 3, and the separation The filtered water pipe 13 from which the filtrate flows out from 3, the supply pressure gauge 21 installed in the raw water pipe 8 for measuring the supply pressure to the separation membrane 3, and the reverse installed in the backwash pipe 9 for measuring the backwash flow rate. The washing flow meter 22, the washing flow meter 23 installed in the washing tube 10 for measuring the washing flow rate, the filtration pressure meter 24 installed in the filtrate piping 13 for measuring the filtrate pressure, and the raw water piping 8 It is a fresh water generation system 30 provided with a supply flow meter 25 that is installed and measures the supply flow rate to the separation membrane 3.
被処理水とは分離膜を用いて処理する溶液のことであり、河川水、地下水、海水、下水処理水、工場廃水、培養液などが例として挙げられる。
Treated water is a solution to be treated using a separation membrane, and examples include river water, groundwater, seawater, sewage treated water, factory wastewater, and culture solution.
なお、「一次側」とは、分離膜で仕切られた空間の内、被処理水が供給される側であり、「二次側」とは、その逆である。
In addition, the “primary side” is the side where the water to be treated is supplied in the space partitioned by the separation membrane, and the “secondary side” is the opposite.
分離膜で使用される分離膜の孔径としては、多孔質であれば特に限定しないが、所望の被処理水の性質や水量によって、MF膜(精密ろ過膜)を用いたり、UF膜(限外ろ過膜)を用いたり、あるいは両者を併用したりする。例えば、濁質成分、大腸菌、クリプトスポリジウム等を除去したい場合はMF膜でもUF膜のどちらを用いても構わないが、ウィルスや高分子有機物等も除去したい場合は、UF膜を用いるのが好ましい。
The pore size of the separation membrane used in the separation membrane is not particularly limited as long as it is porous, but depending on the nature and amount of water to be treated, an MF membrane (microfiltration membrane) or a UF membrane (extra limit) Filter membrane), or use both together. For example, when removing turbid components, Escherichia coli, Cryptosporidium, etc., either the MF membrane or the UF membrane may be used. However, when removing viruses or high molecular organic substances, it is preferable to use the UF membrane. .
分離膜の形状としては、中空糸膜、平膜、管状膜、モノリス膜等があるが、いずれでも構わない。また、分離膜の材質としては、ポリエチレン、ポリプロピレン、ポリアクリロニトリル、エチレン-テトラフルオロエチレン共重合体、ポリクロロトリフルオロエチレン、ポリテトラフルオロエチレン、ポリビニルフルオライド、テトラフルオロエチレン-ヘキサフルオロプロピレン共重合体、テトラフルオロエチレン-パーフルオロアルキルビニルエーテル共重合体、およびクロロトリフルオロエチレン-エチレン共重合体、ポリフッ化ビニリデン、ポリスルホン、酢酸セルロース、ポリビニルアルコールおよびポリエーテルスルホンやセラミック等の無機素材からなる群から選ばれる少なくとも1種類を含んでいると好ましく、さらに膜強度や耐薬品性の点からはポリフッ化ビニリデン(PVDF)がより好ましく、親水性が高く耐汚れ性が強いという点からはポリアクリロニトリルがより好ましい。
The shape of the separation membrane includes a hollow fiber membrane, a flat membrane, a tubular membrane, a monolith membrane, and the like, and any of them may be used. The material of the separation membrane is polyethylene, polypropylene, polyacrylonitrile, ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer, polychlorotrifluoroethylene, polytetrafluoroethylene, polyvinyl fluoride, tetrafluoroethylene-hexafluoropropylene copolymer. , Tetrafluoroethylene-perfluoroalkyl vinyl ether copolymer, and chlorotrifluoroethylene-ethylene copolymer, polyvinylidene fluoride, polysulfone, cellulose acetate, polyvinyl alcohol, polyethersulfone, ceramics, and other inorganic materials such as ceramics In view of film strength and chemical resistance, polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) is more preferable, and it has high hydrophilicity and stain resistance. Polyacrylonitrile from the viewpoint that the strong is more preferable.
また膜ろ過方式としては全量ろ過型モジュールでもクロスフローろ過型であっても差し支えないが、エネルギー消費量が少ないという点から全量ろ過型である方が好ましい。さらに加圧型であっても浸漬型であっても差し支えないが、高流束運転が可能であるという点から加圧型である方が好ましい。また、膜の外側から原水を供給し、内側から透過水を得る外圧式であっても、膜の内側から原水を供給し、外側から透過水を得る内圧式であっても差し支えないが、前処理の簡便さの観点から外圧式である方が好ましい。
Also, the membrane filtration method may be a full-flow filtration module or a cross-flow filtration type, but the full-filtration type is preferred from the viewpoint of low energy consumption. Further, it may be a pressurization type or an immersion type, but the pressurization type is preferred from the viewpoint that a high flux operation is possible. In addition, it may be an external pressure type that supplies raw water from the outside of the membrane and obtains permeated water from the inside, or an internal pressure type that supplies raw water from the inside of the membrane and obtains permeated water from the outside. From the viewpoint of simplicity of processing, an external pressure type is preferred.
前記造水システム30において、ろ過時、被処理水は供給ポンプ2により、分離膜3の一次側に供給され、二次側からろ過水を得るが、ろ過時間経過に従って、分離膜のろ過抵抗、すなわち分離膜3の一次側と二次側の圧力差(以後、差圧)が上昇する。この差圧上昇を押さえるために、定期的には物理洗浄(物理洗浄工程)を行い、ろ過と物理洗浄を繰り返しながら運転するのが一般的である。
In the fresh water generation system 30, during filtration, the water to be treated is supplied to the primary side of the separation membrane 3 by the supply pump 2 to obtain filtrate from the secondary side. That is, the pressure difference between the primary side and the secondary side of the separation membrane 3 (hereinafter referred to as differential pressure) increases. In order to suppress this increase in differential pressure, it is common to perform physical cleaning (physical cleaning process) periodically and to operate while repeating filtration and physical cleaning.
物理洗浄はろ過を一次停止し、逆洗工程、空洗工程、排水工程、給水工程の順に実施するのが一般的であるが、逆洗工程と空洗工程を同時に実施する、排水工程後に逆洗工程を実施する、もしくはいずれかの工程を省略あるいは複数回実施しても問題無い。
In physical washing, filtration is temporarily stopped and the back washing process, the air washing process, the drainage process, and the water supply process are generally performed in this order, but the back washing process and the air washing process are performed simultaneously. There is no problem even if the washing step is carried out, or any step is omitted or carried out a plurality of times.
逆洗工程は、逆洗槽4と貯蓄されたろ過水を、逆洗ポンプ5により、分離膜3の二次側から一次側へと、ろ過とは反対方向に洗浄するものであり、一次側から出てくる逆洗液は逆洗排水配管11より系外に排出され、所定時間逆洗後、逆洗ポンプ5を停止して逆洗工程は終了となる。
In the backwashing process, the backwashing tank 4 and the stored filtered water are washed by the backwash pump 5 from the secondary side to the primary side of the separation membrane 3 in the direction opposite to the filtration. The backwash liquid coming out of the system is discharged out of the system through the backwash drain pipe 11, and after backwashing for a predetermined time, the backwash pump 5 is stopped and the backwash process is completed.
空洗工程は、空洗ブロア6より、空気を分離膜3の下部に加圧空気を供給し、分離膜を揺動するように洗浄する工程のことであり、所定時間空洗後、空洗ブロア6を停止して空洗工程は終了となる。なお空気発生源は、ブロアであってもコンプレッサーであっても構わないが、コンプレッサーの場合は、空気中の油分が分離膜に供給されないようオイルフリータイプであることが好ましい。
The air washing step is a step of supplying compressed air to the lower part of the separation membrane 3 from the air washing blower 6 to wash the separation membrane so that the separation membrane is swung. The blower 6 is stopped and the rinsing process is completed. The air generation source may be a blower or a compressor, but in the case of a compressor, an oil-free type is preferable so that oil in the air is not supplied to the separation membrane.
排水工程は、逆洗工程および空洗工程にて分離膜3より取り除かれた濁質成分を系外に排出するものであり、分離膜3の下部に接続される排水配管12より系外に排出され、所定排水時間後、排水工程は終了となる。
In the drainage process, the turbid components removed from the separation membrane 3 in the backwashing step and the air washing step are discharged out of the system, and discharged out of the system through the drainage pipe 12 connected to the lower part of the separation membrane 3. After a predetermined drainage time, the drainage process ends.
給水工程は、排水工程後に、分離膜3の一次側に被処理水を供給する工程であり、供給ポンプ2により、分離膜3の一次側へと被処理水が供給され、一次側が満水状態となると過剰分は逆洗排水配管11よりオーバーフローされ、所定給水時間後、給水工程は終了となる。
The water supply process is a process of supplying the treated water to the primary side of the separation membrane 3 after the draining process. The treated water is supplied to the primary side of the separation membrane 3 by the supply pump 2 and the primary side is in a full state. Then, the excess amount overflows from the backwash drain pipe 11, and the water supply process ends after a predetermined water supply time.
なお前記物理洗浄の各工程については、通常PLCなどの制御装置により、図示はしないが、空気作動弁もしくは電動弁などの自動弁により工程を切り替えて、自動で実施されるのが一般的である。
In addition, although not shown in figure, each process of the said physical washing | cleaning is generally implemented automatically by switching processes by automatic valves, such as a pneumatic valve or a motorized valve, although it is not illustrated by control apparatuses, such as PLC. .
この様なろ過と物理洗浄とを繰り返す造水システム30において、様々な要因により急激な差圧上昇に代表されるトラブルが発生した場合、物理洗浄の各工程時間・頻度などを変更して対応するが、物理洗浄自体が正常に実施されなければ、差圧上昇を抑制できない。
In the fresh water generation system 30 that repeats such filtration and physical cleaning, when troubles such as a sudden increase in differential pressure occur due to various factors, the time and frequency of each process of physical cleaning are changed and dealt with. However, if the physical cleaning itself is not carried out normally, the increase in the differential pressure cannot be suppressed.
そこで本発明では、ろ過と物理洗浄を繰り返し運転する造水システムのトラブルを判定するトラブル判定プログラム、当該プログラムを記録したコンピュータ読み取り可能な記録媒体、管理装置、トラブル判定装置に関するものである。図2に示す通り、トラブル判定プログラム32は、下記の手段を有するコンピュータ31を機能させるものである。トラブル判定プログラム32は、コンピュータ31のメモリ、ハードディスクなどの記録装置や、後述するPLCやDCSなどの制御管理システム等に記録可能であり、記録の形態は特に限定されないが、本図では説明の便宜上、コンピュータ31の内部に収納された状態で示されている。
Therefore, the present invention relates to a trouble determination program for determining a trouble in a fresh water generation system that repeatedly performs filtration and physical cleaning, a computer-readable recording medium that records the program, a management device, and a trouble determination device. As shown in FIG. 2, the trouble determination program 32 causes a computer 31 having the following means to function. The trouble determination program 32 can be recorded in a recording device such as a memory or a hard disk of the computer 31, a control management system such as a PLC or DCS described later, and the form of recording is not particularly limited. It is shown in a state of being housed inside the computer 31.
造水システム30からの運転データを得るコンピュータ31は、造水システム30の運転データのうちろ過や物理洗浄に関わるデータを工程別に抜き出し入力する運転データ入力手段41を有し、運転データ入力手段41で得られる各工程での各測定値は運転データ記録手段42に記録される。運転データ記録手段42に記録されたデータは、どの工程のトラブル判定を行うかの工程選択手段43により工程毎に分割され、分割されたデータは、トラブル判定のため加工するための加工ルールを記憶しておく加工ルール記憶手段44に記憶された加工ルールに沿って、加工データを得る手段45で加工される。
The computer 31 that obtains the operation data from the fresh water generation system 30 has an operation data input means 41 that extracts and inputs data related to filtration and physical cleaning among the operation data of the fresh water generation system 30 for each process. Each measurement value obtained in each step is recorded in the operation data recording means 42. The data recorded in the operation data recording means 42 is divided for each process by the process selection means 43 for determining which process trouble is to be determined, and the divided data is stored with a processing rule for processing for trouble determination. Processing is performed by means 45 for obtaining processing data in accordance with the processing rules stored in the processing rule storage means 44.
その後、トラブル判定する場合に判定値となる前記加工データに関する設定値が記録しておく設定値記録手段46に記憶された設定値と比較して、前記加工データが前記設定値を逸脱した場合にトラブル判定手段47でトラブル判定が行われる。これにより、ろ過工程が正常か、物理洗浄各工程において洗浄が正常に行われているかを判定し、逸脱する場合は判定結果を出力するトラブル判定出力手段48からトラブル判定が出力される。これにより、工程別に自動でトラブルの有無を確認し、トラブル発生時には、どの工程においてどの様なトラブルが発生しているかを瞬時に確認できる。
After that, when the machining data deviates from the set value compared with the set value stored in the set value recording means 46 in which the set value related to the machining data, which becomes a judgment value when determining a trouble, is recorded. Trouble determination is performed by the trouble determination means 47. Thereby, it is determined whether the filtration process is normal or the cleaning is normally performed in each physical cleaning process, and when it deviates, a trouble determination is output from the trouble determination output means 48 that outputs a determination result. As a result, the presence or absence of troubles can be automatically confirmed for each process, and when trouble occurs, it is possible to instantly confirm what kind of trouble is occurring in which process.
なお前記加工ルールは、工程毎に関連する運転データを積算値、最大値、平均値、最小値、初期値または規定値に対しての変化量などに加工するルールであり、また加工しないルールも含まれていても問題ない。また前記運転データ入力手段はろ過や物理洗浄とは関係ない水質などの運転データを入力としても問題ない。
The processing rule is a rule for processing operation data related to each process into an integrated value, maximum value, average value, minimum value, initial value, or a change amount with respect to a specified value. There is no problem even if it is included. The operation data input means can input operation data such as water quality not related to filtration or physical cleaning.
トラブルが発生した場合、トラブルの原因と対策が分かると、トラブル対応を早急にできるため、停機時間も短くできさらに好ましい。そこで、本発明では、トラブルの原因と対策の少なくとも一つを表示させることを特徴としている。これにより、トラブル発生時に早急な対応が可能となり、トラブル時に造水システムの停機時間を最小限にすることが可能となる。
When trouble occurs, if the cause of the trouble and the countermeasures are known, the trouble can be dealt with immediately. Therefore, the present invention is characterized by displaying at least one of the cause and countermeasure of the trouble. As a result, it is possible to quickly cope with troubles, and to minimize the stoppage time of the fresh water generation system at the time of troubles.
また、ろ過時間に対して通常短い時間で実施される洗浄工程のデータを解析し、トラブルの診断を行うためには、データの収集(サンプリング、取得あるいは記録とも言う)周期を短い時間に設定する必要があるが、運転データの保存(記録)量が増大することで、サーバー容量が圧迫されることから、データの記録周期を短く設定できないという問題もあった。そこで、ろ過工程と洗浄工程それぞれの運転データを区別して異なる記録周期に設定するため、記録周期設定手段55をさらに設けることも好ましい態様である。前記記録周期設定手段55は、前記運転データ入力手段41の上流側に設けることが好ましい。
Also, in order to analyze the data of the cleaning process that is usually performed in a short time with respect to the filtration time and diagnose the trouble, the data collection (also called sampling, acquisition, or recording) cycle is set to a short time. Although it is necessary, the storage capacity (recording) of the operation data is increased, and the server capacity is pressed. Therefore, there is a problem that the data recording cycle cannot be set short. Therefore, in order to distinguish the operation data of the filtration process and the cleaning process and set them to different recording periods, it is also a preferable aspect to further provide a recording period setting means 55. The recording cycle setting means 55 is preferably provided on the upstream side of the operation data input means 41.
前記記録周期設定手段55の記録周期としては、ろ過工程であれば数十秒~数時間単位で任意に設定してよいが、サーバー容量の圧迫を防ぐため、1分以上となるよう設定するのが好ましい。ただし、洗浄工程においてはろ過工程と比べて洗浄時間自体が短く、ろ過工程と同じ記録周期ではデータを取得することができないため、数秒~数十秒単位に設定することが好ましく、トラブル診断のためのデータ解析には5秒以下に設定することがより好ましい。このように各工程のトラブル判定可能な必要最小限の運転データを取得するようにすることでサーバー容量の増大を防ぐことができ、インターネットを経由して運転データを取得する形態の場合は、通信費も削減可能となる。
The recording cycle of the recording cycle setting means 55 may be arbitrarily set in units of several tens of seconds to several hours in the case of a filtration process, but is set to be 1 minute or longer in order to prevent compression of server capacity. Is preferred. However, in the cleaning process, the cleaning time itself is shorter than in the filtration process, and data cannot be acquired in the same recording cycle as the filtration process. More preferably, the data analysis is set to 5 seconds or less. In this way, it is possible to prevent an increase in server capacity by acquiring the minimum necessary operation data that can determine the trouble of each process, and in the case of a form in which operation data is acquired via the Internet, communication Costs can be reduced.
更に、本発明では、物理洗浄の逆洗工程において、前記加工ルールが逆洗の設定時間内に使用される逆洗水のトータル水量である逆洗水量または逆洗の瞬時値である逆洗流量のデータを用いることを特徴としている。逆洗工程にとっては、逆洗流量が規定値以上となっていることは勿論のこと、逆洗水のトータル量も規定値通りであるかが重要であり、これらが規定値以下となると逆洗効果が減少し、分離膜3の差圧上昇の原因となる。例えば逆洗水量は以下の計算式により表される。
Furthermore, in the present invention, in the backwashing step of physical washing, the processing rule is a backwashing water amount that is a total amount of backwashing water used within a set time for backwashing or a backwash flow rate that is an instantaneous value of backwashing. It is characterized by using the data. For the backwashing process, it is important that the backwash flow rate is not less than the specified value, and it is also important that the total amount of backwash water is the specified value. The effect is reduced, causing an increase in the differential pressure of the separation membrane 3. For example, the amount of backwash water is represented by the following calculation formula.
逆洗水量(m3)=逆洗流量(m3/h)/3600sec×逆洗時間(sec)
Backwash water amount (m 3 ) = backwash flow rate (m 3 / h) / 3600 sec × backwash time (sec)
なお、逆洗水量は上記式により算出しても良いし、逆洗流量を逆洗時間分積算して算出しても良い。また前記逆洗流量は逆洗流量計22の瞬時値が用いられるのが一般的である。また逆洗流量は、逆洗の効果を向上させるため、通常のろ過流量よりも多い流量とすることが一般的である。これらを分析することで逆洗工程におけるトラブル判定が可能となる。
In addition, the amount of backwash water may be calculated by the above formula, or may be calculated by integrating the backwash flow rate for the backwash time. The backwash flow rate is generally an instantaneous value of the backwash flow meter 22. Moreover, in order to improve the effect of backwashing, the backwashing flow rate is generally set to a flow rate higher than the normal filtration flow rate. By analyzing these, it is possible to determine a trouble in the backwashing process.
また、物理洗浄の空洗工程において、造水システムによっては図1に示す空洗配管10に設置され空洗の流量を測定する空洗流量計23が設置されていない場合がある。更に造水システム30には分離膜の液位を確認するための液面計は設置されていないことが一般的である。そこで、本発明では、一般的に造水システム30には設置されている原水配管8に設置され分離膜3への供給圧力を測定する供給圧力計21の圧力データによりトラブル判定することを特徴としている。これにより、空洗流量計および分離膜3液面計が無い場合でも空洗工程時に空洗が定格流量どおり空気流量が流入していなければ、供給圧力計21の圧力データは正常時よりも低い値となり、逆に分離膜内または逆洗排水配管側で被処理水に含まれる汚濁物質で閉塞すると正常時よりも高い値となり、排水工程時に分離膜3の一次側の洗浄排水が完全に抜けきらない場合は正常時よりも高い値となり、給水工程時に、分離膜3の一次側が被処理液で満水にならない場合は正常時よりも低い値となることから、トラブル判定が可能となる。
Also, in the washing step of physical washing, depending on the fresh water generation system, there may be a case where the washing flow meter 23 installed in the washing pipe 10 shown in FIG. Further, the fresh water generation system 30 is generally not provided with a liquid level gauge for confirming the liquid level of the separation membrane. Therefore, in the present invention, it is generally characterized in that the trouble is determined by the pressure data of the supply pressure gauge 21 that is installed in the raw water pipe 8 installed in the fresh water generation system 30 and measures the supply pressure to the separation membrane 3. Yes. As a result, even if there is no air washing flow meter and separation membrane 3 liquid level meter, the pressure data of the supply pressure gauge 21 is lower than normal if the air flow does not flow in the air washing process at the rated flow rate during the air washing process. On the other hand, if it becomes clogged with contaminants contained in the water to be treated in the separation membrane or on the backwash drainage pipe side, the value will be higher than normal, and the drainage on the primary side of the separation membrane 3 will be completely removed during the drainage process. If not, the value is higher than normal. If the primary side of the separation membrane 3 is not filled with the liquid to be treated during the water supply process, the value is lower than normal, so trouble determination is possible.
なお、原水配管8に設置され分離膜3への供給流量を測定する供給流量計25と、空洗配管10に設置され空洗の流量を測定する空洗流量計23が設置されている場合は、これらの流量データを用いてトラブル判定を行っても構わない。なお、判定基準は各々の流量計の瞬時値にて正常値の範囲内であるかを検知しても良いし、給水時工程に供給流量計25の流量を用いる場合は、給水流量の積算値を判定基準値としても構わない。
In addition, when the supply flow meter 25 installed in the raw water pipe 8 and measuring the supply flow rate to the separation membrane 3 and the air washing flow meter 23 installed in the air washing pipe 10 and measuring the flow rate of air washing are installed. The trouble determination may be performed using these flow rate data. It should be noted that the determination criterion may be to detect whether the instantaneous value of each flow meter is within the normal value range, or when the flow rate of the supply flow meter 25 is used in the water supply process, the integrated value of the supply water flow rate May be used as the determination reference value.
逆洗工程においては、図1に図示はしないが、逆洗配管9に次亜塩素酸ナトリウム、塩酸などの薬液を注入し、逆洗効果を向上させることがあるが、この場合、薬液の注入量を規定値通り一定に保つことが好ましい。そこで、これも図1には図示しないが、逆洗配管9に設置されるpH計、残留塩素計、ORP計が設置されている場合は、いずれかの測定値が薬液により変化するので、何れかデータ用いて、正常時との比較することによりトラブル判定をすることが可能となる。
In the backwashing process, although not shown in FIG. 1, a chemical solution such as sodium hypochlorite or hydrochloric acid may be injected into the backwash pipe 9 to improve the backwashing effect. In this case, the chemical solution is injected. It is preferable to keep the amount constant as specified. Therefore, although not shown in FIG. 1, when a pH meter, a residual chlorine meter, and an ORP meter are installed in the backwash pipe 9, any measured value varies depending on the chemical solution. It is possible to determine the trouble by comparing the data with the normal data.
また本発明では、加工ルールが1サイクルのろ過抵抗上昇度と、前記物理洗浄後の物理洗浄不可逆ろ過抵抗上昇度であることを特徴としている。ここで1サイクルのろ過抵抗上昇度とは、ろ過工程1サイクルで上昇するろ過抵抗(あるいはろ過差圧)のことであり、ろ過抵抗は以下の計算式で計算され、膜ファウリングの程度を示す指標である。なお、ろ過差圧は分離膜モジュールの1次側圧力から2次側圧力を差し引いた値である。
Further, the present invention is characterized in that the processing rules are an increase in filtration resistance for one cycle and an increase in physical filtration irreversible filtration resistance after the physical cleaning. Here, the degree of filtration resistance increase in one cycle is the filtration resistance (or filtration differential pressure) that increases in one cycle of the filtration process, and the filtration resistance is calculated by the following calculation formula and indicates the degree of membrane fouling. It is an indicator. The filtration differential pressure is a value obtained by subtracting the secondary pressure from the primary pressure of the separation membrane module.
ろ過抵抗(1/m)=ろ過差圧(Pa)/(ろ過水粘度(Pa・s)×ろ過流束(m/s))
Filtration resistance (1 / m) = filtration differential pressure (Pa) / (filtrated water viscosity (Pa · s) × filtration flux (m / s))
一方、物理洗浄後の物理洗浄不可逆ろ過抵抗上昇度も膜ファウリングの程度を示す指標であるが、こちらは物理洗浄を実施しても除去されない成分を表すものであり、総ろ過水量(m3/m2)を横軸とし、ろ過抵抗(1/m)を縦軸にプロットした場合に、各ろ過工程開始時のろ過抵抗を結んだ直線の傾きを指すものである。あるいは、ろ過時間を横軸とし、ろ過差圧を縦軸にプロットした場合の各ろ過工程開始時のろ過差圧を結んだ直線の傾きを指すものである。化学薬品洗浄を併用した物理洗浄も含んで構わない。これらのファウリング指標を加工ルールにより算出し、正常時を逸脱した場合にろ過工程のトラブルと判定することが可能となる。
On the other hand, the degree of increase in physical irreversible filtration resistance after physical cleaning is also an index indicating the degree of membrane fouling, but this represents a component that is not removed even if physical cleaning is performed, and the total amount of filtered water (m 3 / m 2 ) is the horizontal axis, and when the filtration resistance (1 / m) is plotted on the vertical axis, it indicates the slope of the straight line connecting the filtration resistance at the start of each filtration step. Alternatively, it indicates the slope of a straight line connecting the filtration differential pressure at the start of each filtration step when the filtration time is plotted on the horizontal axis and the filtration differential pressure is plotted on the vertical axis. Physical cleaning combined with chemical cleaning may also be included. These fouling indices are calculated according to the processing rules, and it is possible to determine that there is a trouble in the filtration process when deviating from the normal time.
なお上記のトラブル判定に関しては、正常時に対して加工ルールで加工されたデータが瞬間的に逸脱した場合をトラブルとして判定しても良いし、各工程時間内において、設定した時間内継続して逸脱した場合をトラブルとして判定しても良いし、各工程時間の最終段階において逸脱した場合をトラブルと判定しても良い。さらに1つの運転データまたは加工データに対して危険度別に複数設定した設定値と比較すること好ましい態様である。危険度を分けることで対策を講じる優先度を管理者が把握することができる。
Regarding the above-mentioned trouble determination, it may be determined as a trouble when the data processed by the processing rule instantaneously deviates from the normal time, and within each process time, the deviation continues for a set time. The case may be determined as a trouble, and the case where a deviation occurs at the final stage of each process time may be determined as a trouble. Furthermore, it is a preferable aspect to compare a plurality of set values for each risk level for one operation data or machining data. The administrator can grasp the priority of taking measures by dividing the risk level.
また、トラブル判定は、各センサの値により判定するものであるが、各センサの精度、もしくはサンプリング周期のタイミングによっては、その測定時自体が真値でない場合がある。この場合、トラブル判定手段47にて、その測定値を用いて加工したデータと設定値を比較し、設定値を逸脱してしまうとトラブルと判定してしまい外乱となるが、このような外乱であってもトラブルと判定しないことが好ましい。そこで本発明では、前記の様な外乱要因を取り除くため、前記加工データが前記設定値を複数回連続して逸脱した場合に、トラブルと判定することを特徴としている。これにより、前記外乱を排除でき正確なトラブル判定が可能となる。また、前記回数の指定はしないが、回数が多すぎるとトラブル判定に時間を要し、回数が少なすぎると外乱を取り除けないので3~5回程度が好ましい。
Also, trouble determination is based on the value of each sensor, but depending on the accuracy of each sensor or the timing of the sampling cycle, the measurement itself may not be a true value. In this case, the trouble determination means 47 compares the processed data with the measured value and the set value, and if it deviates from the set value, it is determined as a trouble and becomes a disturbance. It is preferable not to determine that there is a problem. Therefore, the present invention is characterized in that a trouble is determined when the machining data deviates from the set value a plurality of times in order to remove the disturbance factor as described above. As a result, the disturbance can be eliminated and accurate trouble determination can be performed. Although the number of times is not specified, it takes time to determine a trouble if the number is too large, and disturbance is not removed if the number is too small.
上述した造水システムのトラブル判定の形態は、トラブル判定プログラムであるが、コンピュータが読み取り可能な記録媒体であっても、管理装置、管理方法、トラブル判定装置であっても差し支えない。またこれらの形態は、造水システムに通常設置されているPLCやDCSなどの制御管理システムと一緒に設置されるか、制御管理システムから遠方監視装置を用いて、運転データをインターネット経由で取り出し、任意の場所に設置されるオンプレミスサーバーもしくは、クラウドサーバーに設置されるのが一般的である。トラブル判定装置は、図2、図3に示す各手段を有するハードウェア装置と把握することができ、コンピュータ31と同等の構成を有し得る。
The above-described trouble determination form of the fresh water generation system is a trouble determination program, but it may be a computer-readable recording medium, a management device, a management method, or a trouble determination device. In addition, these forms are installed together with a control management system such as PLC or DCS normally installed in a fresh water generation system, or using a remote monitoring device from the control management system, operation data is taken out via the Internet, In general, it is installed on an on-premises server or a cloud server installed at an arbitrary location. The trouble determination device can be grasped as a hardware device having each means shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, and can have the same configuration as the computer 31.
また、本特許は図3に示すようにトラブル判定に加えて、造水システム30での運転状況が運転データ記録手段42から薬品洗浄または分離膜3を交換する時期を予測する時期予測手段51を持つこと特徴とする。具体的には運転データ記録手段42がろ過圧力、差圧、ろ過速度のうち少なくとも1つの運転データを記録するものであり、時期予測手段51において運転データ記録手段42で記録したデータから、解析手段52により過去のデータを解析する機能を有し、解析手段52で得られるろ過指標から、各データの過去変化分を計算し、ろ過特性の変化する割合を予測するろ過特性変化予測手段53を有したものである。これにより分離膜が薬品洗浄に達するまでの時期または交換までの時期を予測することが可能となる。
In addition to trouble determination as shown in FIG. 3, this patent includes a time predicting means 51 for predicting the time when the operation status in the fresh water generation system 30 replaces the chemical cleaning or separation membrane 3 from the operation data recording means 42. It is characterized by having. Specifically, the operation data recording means 42 records at least one operation data among filtration pressure, differential pressure, and filtration speed. From the data recorded by the operation data recording means 42 in the time prediction means 51, the analysis means 52 has a function of analyzing past data, and has filtration characteristic change predicting means 53 for calculating the past change of each data from the filtration index obtained by the analyzing means 52 and predicting the rate of change of the filtration characteristics. It is a thing. This makes it possible to predict the time until the separation membrane reaches chemical cleaning or the time until replacement.
更に、正常時に時期予測手段51により出力される予測曲線をグラフ表示し、周期的あるいは前記トラブル分析手段にてトラブルと判定された際に同様の手段にて予測し予測される結果を前記予測曲線グラフと共に表示することで、分離膜3の運転状況を簡易に判断することが可能となる。
Further, the prediction curve output by the time prediction means 51 in the normal state is displayed in a graph, and the result predicted and predicted by the same means when the trouble is determined periodically or by the trouble analysis means is the prediction curve. By displaying together with the graph, it is possible to easily determine the operation status of the separation membrane 3.
また、前記グラフ表示から、薬品洗浄日または交換日が、予め設定した指定日よりも日数か短くなった場合に通知アラームを出力またはメールなどで管理者に通知することで、前もって薬液洗浄や交換の準備をすることができ、停機時間を最小限にすることが可能となる。もしくは薬品洗浄日または交換日が予定日より早い場合に警報アラームを出す機能を有しても良い。
Also, from the graph display, when the chemical cleaning date or replacement date is shorter than the specified date set in advance, a notification alarm is output or an administrator is notified by e-mail etc. This makes it possible to minimize the stoppage time. Alternatively, it may have a function of issuing an alarm alarm when the chemical cleaning date or replacement date is earlier than the scheduled date.
前記警報アラームが発生次第、対応を行い薬液洗浄日または交換日を延期することが運転上好ましい。そこで薬品洗浄日または交換日を予定日と一致するまたは予定日よりも遅延するようろ過時間、ろ過速度などのろ過条件および/または逆洗工程時間などの物理洗浄条件を変更する運転条件変更手段54を有すると更に効果的である。かつ運転条件変更手段54は、造水システムの電気消費量、薬品消費量などの運転コストを予測し、最も運転コストが安価となる条件を決定する機能を有すると更に運転者にとっては運転コストを低減でき効率的である。
As soon as the alarm / alarm is generated, it is preferable in operation to take action and postpone the chemical cleaning date or replacement date. Therefore, the operating condition changing means 54 changes the filtration conditions such as the filtration time and the filtration speed and / or the physical washing conditions such as the backwash process time so that the chemical cleaning date or the replacement date coincides with or is delayed from the scheduled date. It is more effective to have The operation condition changing means 54 predicts the operation costs such as the electricity consumption and the chemical consumption of the fresh water generation system, and has the function of determining the condition that the operation cost is the lowest. It can be reduced and it is efficient.
その中でも、被処理水に添加される凝集剤、還元剤、殺菌剤、スケールコントロール剤などの薬品消費量は、全体の運転コストに与える影響が大きい。そこで運転条件変更手段54は前記薬剤の添加率を変更すること機能を有すると更に好ましい。また運転条件変更手段54で変更される薬剤の添加量以外にも、ろ過流量・時間、逆洗流量・時間、空洗流量・時間、排水時間、給水時間、物理洗浄手法などであっても構わない。
Among them, chemical consumption such as a flocculant, a reducing agent, a bactericidal agent, and a scale control agent added to the water to be treated has a great influence on the overall operation cost. Therefore, it is more preferable that the operating condition changing means 54 has a function of changing the addition rate of the medicine. In addition to the amount of chemical added to be changed by the operating condition changing means 54, the filtration flow rate / time, backwash flow rate / time, empty washing flow rate / time, drainage time, water supply time, physical washing method, etc. may be used. Absent.
本出願は、2016年6月21日出願の日本特許出願、特願2016-122335、2016年8月10日出願の日本特許出願、特願2016-157225に基づくものであり、その内容はここに参照として取り込まれる。
This application is based on Japanese Patent Application filed on June 21, 2016, Japanese Patent Application No. 2016-122335, Japanese Patent Application filed on August 10, 2016, Japanese Patent Application No. 2016-157225, the contents of which are here Incorporated as a reference.
1:原水槽
2:供給ポンプ
3:分離膜
4:逆洗槽
5:逆洗ポンプ
6:空洗ブロア
8:原水配管
9:逆洗配管
10:空洗配管
11:逆洗排水配管
12:排水配管
21:供給圧力計
22:逆洗流量計
23:空洗流量計
24:ろ過圧力計
25:供給流量計
30:造水システム
31:コンピュータ
32:トラブル判定プログラム
41:運転データ入力手段
42:運転データ記録手段
43:工程選択手段
44:加工ルール記憶手段
45:加工データを得る手段
46:設定値記録手段
47:トラブル判定手段
48:トラブル判定出力手段
51:時期予測手段
52:解析手段
53:ろ過特性変化予測手段
54:運転条件変更手段
55:記録周期設定手段
1: Raw water tank 2: Supply pump 3: Separation membrane 4: Back washing tank 5: Back washing pump 6: Empty washing blower 8: Raw water piping 9: Back washing piping 10: Air washing piping 11: Back washing drain piping 12: Drainage Piping 21: Supply pressure gauge
22: Backwash flow meter 23: Air washing flow meter 24: Filtration pressure meter 25: Supply flow meter 30: Fresh water system 31: Computer 32: Trouble determination program 41: Operation data input means 42: Operation data recording means 43: Process Selection means 44: Processing rule storage means 45: Means for obtaining machining data 46: Set value recording means 47: Trouble determination means 48: Trouble determination output means 51: Time prediction means 52: Analysis means 53: Filtration characteristic change prediction means 54: Operating condition changing means 55: recording cycle setting means
2:供給ポンプ
3:分離膜
4:逆洗槽
5:逆洗ポンプ
6:空洗ブロア
8:原水配管
9:逆洗配管
10:空洗配管
11:逆洗排水配管
12:排水配管
21:供給圧力計
22:逆洗流量計
23:空洗流量計
24:ろ過圧力計
25:供給流量計
30:造水システム
31:コンピュータ
32:トラブル判定プログラム
41:運転データ入力手段
42:運転データ記録手段
43:工程選択手段
44:加工ルール記憶手段
45:加工データを得る手段
46:設定値記録手段
47:トラブル判定手段
48:トラブル判定出力手段
51:時期予測手段
52:解析手段
53:ろ過特性変化予測手段
54:運転条件変更手段
55:記録周期設定手段
1: Raw water tank 2: Supply pump 3: Separation membrane 4: Back washing tank 5: Back washing pump 6: Empty washing blower 8: Raw water piping 9: Back washing piping 10: Air washing piping 11: Back washing drain piping 12: Drainage Piping 21: Supply pressure gauge
22: Backwash flow meter 23: Air washing flow meter 24: Filtration pressure meter 25: Supply flow meter 30: Fresh water system 31: Computer 32: Trouble determination program 41: Operation data input means 42: Operation data recording means 43: Process Selection means 44: Processing rule storage means 45: Means for obtaining machining data 46: Set value recording means 47: Trouble determination means 48: Trouble determination output means 51: Time prediction means 52: Analysis means 53: Filtration characteristic change prediction means 54: Operating condition changing means 55: recording cycle setting means
Claims (34)
- 被処理水を分離膜に透過させて処理水を得るろ過工程と、前記分離膜を複数の工程で物理的に洗浄する物理洗浄工程と、を繰り返す造水システムのトラブルを判定するためにコンピュータを、
前記ろ過工程と前記物理洗浄工程の運転データを入力する運転データ入力手段、
前記運転データを記録しておく運転データ記録手段、
トラブルを判定しようとする前記ろ過工程または前記物理洗浄工程を選択する工程選択手段、
予め前記運転データの加工ルールを記録しておく加工ルール記録手段、
前記工程選択手段により選択された工程の前記加工ルールに基づき前記運転データ記録手段に記録された前記運転データを加工して加工データを得る手段、
予め前記加工データに関する設定値を記録しておく設定値記録手段、前記加工データと前記設定値を比較して前記加工データが前記設定値を逸脱した場合にトラブルと判定するトラブル判定手段、
前記トラブルの判定を出力するトラブル判定出力手段、
として機能させることを特徴とする造水システムのトラブル判定プログラムを記録したコンピュータ読み取り可能な記録媒体。 A computer is used to determine the trouble of a fresh water generation system that repeats a filtration step of permeating treated water through a separation membrane to obtain treated water and a physical washing step of physically washing the separation membrane in a plurality of steps. ,
Operation data input means for inputting operation data of the filtration step and the physical cleaning step,
Operation data recording means for recording the operation data,
A process selection means for selecting the filtration process or the physical cleaning process to determine a trouble,
A processing rule recording means for recording a processing rule for the operation data in advance,
Means for processing the operation data recorded in the operation data recording means based on the processing rule of the process selected by the process selection means to obtain processing data;
A setting value recording means for recording a setting value relating to the machining data in advance, a trouble determination means for comparing the machining data with the setting value and determining a trouble when the machining data deviates from the setting value;
Trouble determination output means for outputting the determination of the trouble,
The computer-readable recording medium which recorded the trouble determination program of the fresh water generation system characterized by functioning as. - 前記トラブル判定出力手段が、トラブルの原因、対策の少なくとも一つを表示するものであることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の造水システムのトラブル判定プログラムを記録したコンピュータ読み取り可能な記録媒体。 The computer-readable recording medium storing a trouble determination program for a fresh water generation system according to claim 1, wherein the trouble determination output means displays at least one of a cause and a countermeasure of the trouble.
- 前記コンピュータを、前記ろ過工程と前記物理洗浄工程それぞれのデータ記録周期を異なる周期に設定する記録周期設定手段としてさらに機能させ、前記記録周期設定手段が前記ろ過工程よりも前記物理洗浄工程のデータ記録周期を短く設定することを特徴とする請求項1または2に記載の造水システムのトラブル判定プログラムを記録したコンピュータ読み取り可能な記録媒体。 The computer is further functioned as a recording cycle setting unit that sets different data recording cycles for the filtration step and the physical cleaning step, and the recording cycle setting unit records the data for the physical cleaning step more than the filtration step. The computer-readable recording medium which recorded the trouble determination program of the fresh water generation system of Claim 1 or 2 characterized by setting a period short.
- 前記物理洗浄工程が逆洗工程を有し、前記工程選択手段が前記逆洗工程を選択するものであり、前記加工ルールが前記逆洗に用いられる逆洗水量または逆洗流量のデータを用いるものであることを特徴とする請求項1~3のいずれか1項に記載の造水システムのトラブル判定プログラムを記録したコンピュータ読み取り可能な記録媒体。 The physical washing process has a back washing process, the process selecting means selects the back washing process, and the processing rule uses data of the amount of back washing water or the back washing flow used for the back washing. 4. A computer-readable recording medium in which the trouble determination program for a fresh water generation system according to claim 1 is recorded.
- 前記物理洗浄工程が少なくとも空洗工程、排水工程、給水工程のいずれかを有し、前記工程選択手段が前記空洗工程、前記排水工程、前記給水工程を選択するものであり、前記加工ルールが、前記分離膜の原水側の圧力データを用いるものであることを特徴とする請求項1~3のいずれか1項に記載の造水システムのトラブル判定プログラムを記録したコンピュータ読み取り可能な記録媒体。 The physical washing process has at least one of an air washing process, a drainage process, and a water supply process, the process selection means selects the air washing process, the drainage process, and the water supply process, and the processing rule is The computer-readable recording medium on which the trouble determination program for the fresh water generation system according to any one of claims 1 to 3 is used, wherein pressure data on the raw water side of the separation membrane is used.
- 前記物理洗浄工程が、空洗工程、給水工程を有し、前記工程選択手段が、前記空洗工程、前記給水工程を選択するものであり、前記加工ルールが各々の工程で流入する空気、原水の流量データを用いるものであることを特徴とする請求項1~3のいずれか1項に記載の造水システムのトラブル判定プログラムを記録したコンピュータ読み取り可能な記録媒体。 The physical cleaning process includes an air washing process and a water supply process, and the process selection means selects the air washing process and the water supply process, and the processing rule flows in air and raw water in each process. The computer-readable recording medium on which the trouble determination program for the fresh water generation system according to any one of claims 1 to 3 is recorded.
- 前記物理洗浄工程が、薬品を注入して行う逆洗工程を有し、前記工程選択手段が前記逆洗工程を選択するものであり、前記加工ルールが、逆洗配管に設置される、少なくともpH計、残留塩素計、ORP計のいずれかのデータを用いるものであることを特徴とする請求項1~3のいずれか1項に記載の造水システムのトラブル判定プログラムを記録したコンピュータ読み取り可能な記録媒体。 The physical cleaning step includes a backwashing step performed by injecting chemicals, and the process selection means selects the backwashing step, and the processing rule is installed in the backwashing pipe, at least pH The computer-readable recording of the trouble determination program for a fresh water generation system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein data of any one of a meter, a residual chlorine meter, and an ORP meter is used. recoding media.
- 前記加工ルールが、前記ろ過工程1サイクルのろ過抵抗上昇度と、前記物理洗浄工程後の物理洗浄不可逆ろ過上昇度を用いるものであることを特徴とする請求項1~3のいずれか1項に記載の造水システムのトラブル判定プログラムを記録したコンピュータ読み取り可能な記録媒体。 4. The processing rule according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the processing rule uses a degree of increase in filtration resistance in one cycle of the filtration step and a degree of increase in physical cleaning irreversible filtration after the physical cleaning step. The computer-readable recording medium which recorded the trouble determination program of the desalination system of description.
- 前記加工データが前記設定値を複数回連続して逸脱した場合に、前記トラブル判定手段がトラブルと判定することを特徴とする請求項1~8のいずれか1項に記載の造水システムのトラブル判定プログラムを記録したコンピュータ読み取り可能な記録媒体。 The fresh water generation system trouble according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the trouble determination means determines that a trouble occurs when the processing data deviates from the set value continuously a plurality of times. A computer-readable recording medium on which a determination program is recorded.
- 被処理水を分離膜に透過させて処理水を得るろ過工程と、前記分離膜を複数の工程で物理的に洗浄する物理洗浄工程と、を繰り返す造水システムのトラブルを判定する造水システムのトラブル判定装置であって、
前記ろ過工程と前記物理洗浄工程の運転データを入力する運転データ入力手段と、
前記運転データを記録しておく運転データ記録手段と、
トラブルを判定しようとする前記ろ過工程または前記物理洗浄の工程を選択する工程選択手段と、
予め前記運転データの加工ルールを記録しておく加工ルール記録手段と、
前記工程選択手段により選択された工程の前記加工ルールに基づき前記運転データ記録手段に記録された前記運転データを加工して加工データを得る手段と、
予め前記加工データに関する設定値を記録しておく設定値記録手段と、
前記加工データと前記設定値を比較して前記加工データが前記設定値を逸脱した場合にトラブルと判定するトラブル判定手段と、
前記トラブルの判定を出力するトラブル判定出力手段と、
を備えることを特徴とする造水システムのトラブル判定装置。 A desalination system for determining troubles in a desalination system that repeats a filtration step of permeating treated water through a separation membrane to obtain treated water and a physical washing step of physically washing the separation membrane in a plurality of steps. A trouble determination device,
Operation data input means for inputting operation data of the filtration step and the physical cleaning step;
Operation data recording means for recording the operation data;
A process selection means for selecting the filtration process or the physical cleaning process to determine a trouble;
Processing rule recording means for recording the processing rules of the operation data in advance;
Means for processing the operation data recorded in the operation data recording means based on the processing rule of the process selected by the process selection means to obtain processing data;
A set value recording means for recording a set value relating to the machining data in advance;
A trouble determination means for comparing the machining data with the set value and determining a trouble when the machining data deviates from the set value;
Trouble determination output means for outputting the determination of the trouble;
A trouble determination device for a fresh water generation system, comprising: - 前記トラブル判定出力手段が、トラブルの原因、対策の少なくとも一つを表示するものであることを特徴とする請求項10に記載の造水システムのトラブル判定装置。 The trouble determination device for a fresh water generation system according to claim 10, wherein the trouble determination output means displays at least one of a cause and a countermeasure of the trouble.
- 前記ろ過工程と前記物理洗浄工程それぞれのデータ記録周期を異なる周期に設定する記録周期設定手段をさらに備え、前記記録周期設定手段が前記ろ過工程よりも前記物理洗浄工程のデータ記録周期を短く設定することを特徴とする請求項10または11に記載の造水システムのトラブル判定装置。 It further comprises recording cycle setting means for setting the data recording cycles of the filtration step and the physical cleaning step to different cycles, and the recording cycle setting means sets the data recording cycle of the physical cleaning step shorter than the filtration step. The trouble determination device for a fresh water generation system according to claim 10 or 11, characterized in that:
- 前記物理洗浄工程が逆洗工程を有し、前記工程選択手段が前記逆洗工程を選択するものであり、前記加工ルールが前記逆洗に用いられる逆洗水量または逆洗流量のデータを用いるものであることを特徴とする請求項10~12のいずれか1項に記載の造水システムのトラブル判定装置。 The physical washing process has a back washing process, the process selecting means selects the back washing process, and the processing rule uses data of the amount of back washing water or the back washing flow used for the back washing. The trouble determination device for a fresh water generation system according to any one of claims 10 to 12, characterized in that:
- 前記物理洗浄工程が少なくとも空洗工程、排水工程、給水工程のいずれかを有し、前記工程選択手段が前記空洗工程、前記排水工程、前記給水工程を選択するものであり、前記加工ルールが、前記分離膜の原水側の圧力データを用いるものであることを特徴とする請求項10~12のいずれか1項に記載の造水システムのトラブル判定装置。 The physical washing process has at least one of an air washing process, a drainage process, and a water supply process, the process selection means selects the air washing process, the drainage process, and the water supply process, and the processing rule is 13. The trouble determination apparatus for a fresh water generation system according to claim 10, wherein pressure data on the raw water side of the separation membrane is used.
- 前記物理洗浄工程が、空洗工程、給水工程を有し、前記工程選択手段が、前記空洗工程、前記給水工程を選択するものであり、前記加工ルールが各々の工程で流入する空気、原水の流量データを用いるものであることを特徴とする請求項10~12のいずれか1項に記載の造水システムのトラブル判定装置。 The physical cleaning process includes an air washing process and a water supply process, and the process selection means selects the air washing process and the water supply process, and the processing rule flows in air and raw water in each process. The apparatus for determining a trouble of a fresh water generation system according to any one of claims 10 to 12, wherein the flow rate data is used.
- 前記物理洗浄工程が、薬品を注入して行う逆洗工程を有し、前記工程選択手段が前記逆洗工程を選択するものであり、前記加工ルールが、逆洗配管に設置される、少なくともpH計、残留塩素計、ORP計のいずれかのデータを用いるものであることを特徴とする請求項10~12のいずれか1項に記載の造水システムのトラブル判定装置。 The physical cleaning step includes a backwashing step performed by injecting chemicals, and the process selection means selects the backwashing step, and the processing rule is installed in the backwashing pipe, at least pH The fresh water generation system trouble determination device according to any one of claims 10 to 12, wherein data of any one of a meter, a residual chlorine meter, and an ORP meter is used.
- 前記加工ルールが、前記ろ過工程1サイクルのろ過抵抗上昇度と、前記物理洗浄工程後の物理洗浄不可逆ろ過上昇度を用いるものであることを特徴とする請求項10~12のいずれか1項に記載の造水システムのトラブル判定装置。 The method according to any one of claims 10 to 12, wherein the processing rule uses a degree of increase in filtration resistance in one cycle of the filtration step and a degree of increase in physical irreversible filtration after the physical washing step. Trouble determination device for the desalination system described.
- 前記加工データが前記設定値を複数回連続して逸脱した場合に、前記トラブル判定手段がトラブルと判定することを特徴とする請求項10~17のいずれか1項に記載の造水システムのトラブル判定装置。 The trouble of the fresh water generation system according to any one of claims 10 to 17, wherein, when the machining data deviates from the set value continuously a plurality of times, the trouble determining means determines a trouble. Judgment device.
- 被処理水を分離膜に透過させて処理水を得るろ過工程と、前記分離膜を複数の工程で物理的に洗浄する物理洗浄工程と、を繰り返す造水システムのトラブルを判定するためにコンピュータを、
前記ろ過工程と前記物理洗浄工程の運転データを入力する運転データ入力手段、
前記運転データを記録しておく運転データ記録手段、
トラブルを判定しようとする前記ろ過工程または前記物理洗浄工程を選択する工程選択手段、
予め前記運転データの加工ルールを記録しておく加工ルール記録手段、
前記工程選択手段により選択された工程の前記加工ルールに基づき前記運転データ記録手段に記録された前記運転データを加工して加工データを得る手段、
予め前記加工データに関する設定値を記録しておく設定値記録手段、
前記加工データと前記設定値を比較して前記加工データが前記設定値を逸脱した場合にトラブルと判定するトラブル判定手段、
前記トラブルの判定を出力するトラブル判定出力手段、
として機能させることを特徴とする造水システムのトラブル判定プログラム。 A computer is used to determine the trouble of a fresh water generation system that repeats a filtration step of permeating treated water through a separation membrane to obtain treated water and a physical washing step of physically washing the separation membrane in a plurality of steps. ,
Operation data input means for inputting operation data of the filtration step and the physical cleaning step,
Operation data recording means for recording the operation data,
A process selection means for selecting the filtration process or the physical cleaning process to determine a trouble,
A processing rule recording means for recording a processing rule for the operation data in advance,
Means for processing the operation data recorded in the operation data recording means based on the processing rule of the process selected by the process selection means to obtain processing data;
A set value recording means for recording a set value relating to the machining data in advance;
A trouble determination means for comparing the machining data with the set value and determining a trouble when the machining data deviates from the set value;
Trouble determination output means for outputting the determination of the trouble,
A trouble determination program for a freshwater system characterized by functioning as - 前記トラブル判定出力手段が、トラブルの原因、対策の少なくとも一つを表示するものであることを特徴とする請求項19に記載の造水システムのトラブル判定プログラム。 The trouble determination program for a fresh water generation system according to claim 19, wherein the trouble determination output means displays at least one of a cause and a countermeasure of the trouble.
- 前記コンピュータを、前記ろ過工程と前記物理洗浄工程それぞれのデータ記録周期を異なる周期に設定する記録周期設定手段としてさらに機能させ、前記記録周期設定手段が前記ろ過工程よりも前記物理洗浄工程のデータ記録周期を短く設定することを特徴とする請求項19または20に記載の造水システムのトラブル判定プログラム。 The computer is further functioned as a recording cycle setting unit that sets different data recording cycles for the filtration step and the physical cleaning step, and the recording cycle setting unit records the data for the physical cleaning step more than the filtration step. The trouble determination program for a fresh water generation system according to claim 19 or 20, wherein the cycle is set short.
- 前記物理洗浄工程が逆洗工程を有し、前記工程選択手段が前記逆洗工程を選択するものであり、前記加工ルールが前記逆洗に用いられる逆洗水量または逆洗流量のデータを用いるものであることを特徴とする請求項19~21のいずれか1項に記載の造水システムのトラブル判定プログラム。 The physical washing process has a back washing process, the process selecting means selects the back washing process, and the processing rule uses data of the amount of back washing water or the back washing flow used for the back washing. The trouble determination program for a fresh water generation system according to any one of claims 19 to 21, characterized in that:
- 前記物理洗浄工程が少なくとも空洗工程、排水工程、給水工程のいずれかを有し、前記工程選択手段が前記空洗工程、前記排水工程、前記給水工程を選択するものであり、前記加工ルールが、前記分離膜の原水側の圧力データを用いるものであることを特徴とする請求項19~21のいずれか1項に記載の造水システムのトラブル判定プログラム。 The physical washing process has at least one of an air washing process, a drainage process, and a water supply process, the process selection means selects the air washing process, the drainage process, and the water supply process, and the processing rule is The fresh water system trouble determination program according to any one of claims 19 to 21, wherein pressure data on the raw water side of the separation membrane is used.
- 前記物理洗浄工程が、空洗工程、給水工程を有し、前記工程選択手段が、前記空洗工程、前記給水工程を選択するものであり、前記加工ルールが各々の工程で流入する空気、原水の流量データを用いるものであることを特徴とする請求項19~21のいずれか1項に記載の造水システムのトラブル判定プログラム。 The physical cleaning process includes an air washing process and a water supply process, and the process selection means selects the air washing process and the water supply process, and the processing rule flows in air and raw water in each process. 22. The trouble determination program for fresh water generation system according to any one of claims 19 to 21, wherein the flow rate data is used.
- 前記物理洗浄工程が、薬品を注入して行う逆洗工程を有し、前記工程選択手段が前記逆洗工程を選択するものであり、前記加工ルールが、逆洗配管に設置される、少なくともpH計、残留塩素計、ORP計のいずれかのデータを用いるものであることを特徴とする請求項19~21のいずれか1項に記載の造水システムのトラブル判定プログラム。 The physical cleaning step includes a backwashing step performed by injecting chemicals, and the process selection means selects the backwashing step, and the processing rule is installed in the backwashing pipe, at least pH The trouble determination program for a fresh water generation system according to any one of claims 19 to 21, wherein data of any one of a meter, a residual chlorine meter, and an ORP meter is used.
- 前記加工ルールが、前記ろ過工程1サイクルのろ過抵抗上昇度と、前記物理洗浄工程後の物理洗浄不可逆ろ過上昇度を用いるものであることを特徴とする請求項19~21のいずれか1項に記載の造水システムのトラブル判定プログラム。 The method according to any one of claims 19 to 21, wherein the processing rule uses a degree of increase in filtration resistance in one cycle of the filtration step and a degree of increase in physical irreversible filtration after the physical washing step. The program for judging troubles in the desalination system.
- 前記加工データが前記設定値を複数回連続して逸脱した場合に、前記トラブル判定手段がトラブルと判定することを特徴とする請求項19~25のいずれか1項に記載の造水システムのトラブル判定プログラム。 The trouble of the fresh water generation system according to any one of claims 19 to 25, wherein the trouble determination means determines that a trouble occurs when the processing data deviates from the set value a plurality of times. Judgment program.
- 前記造水システムの管理を行うために、請求項1~9のいずれか1項に記載の造水システムのトラブル判定プログラムを記録したコンピュータ読み取り可能な記録媒体によって機能するコンピュータを、
前記運転データ記録手段の運転データに基づいて前記分離膜を薬品洗浄または交換する時期を予測する時期予測手段、
前記運転データ記録手段が少なくともろ過圧力、差圧、ろ過速度から選ばれる1つの運転データを記録するものであると共に、前記時期予測手段が前記運転データ記録手段で記録したデータからろ過圧力変化、ろ過差圧変化、ろ過抵抗変化、ろ過速度変化のうち少なくとも1つのろ過指標を解析する解析手段、
前記解析手段で得られたろ過指標から、ろ過圧力、ろ過抵抗、ろ過速度のうち少なくとも1つのろ過特性変化を予測するろ過特性変化予測手段、
としてさらに機能させることを特徴とする造水システムの管理プログラムを記録したコンピュータ読み取り可能な記録媒体。 A computer that functions by a computer-readable recording medium that records the trouble determination program for the fresh water generation system according to any one of claims 1 to 9, in order to manage the fresh water generation system,
A time predicting means for predicting a time for chemical cleaning or replacement of the separation membrane based on the operating data of the operating data recording means;
The operation data recording means records at least one operation data selected from a filtration pressure, a differential pressure, and a filtration speed, and the timing prediction means uses the data recorded by the operation data recording means to change the filtration pressure and filter. An analysis means for analyzing at least one filtration index among a differential pressure change, a filtration resistance change, and a filtration rate change;
From the filtration index obtained by the analysis means, filtration characteristic change prediction means for predicting at least one filtration characteristic change among filtration pressure, filtration resistance, and filtration speed,
As a computer-readable recording medium on which a management program for a fresh water generation system is recorded. - 前記時期予測手段が基本となる予測曲線をグラフ表示するとともに、運転データの変化に応じて、周期的に新規予測する機能および/または異常が発生した場合に新規予測する機能を有することを特徴とする請求項28に記載の造水システムの管理プログラムを記録したコンピュータ読み取り可能な記録媒体。 In addition to displaying a prediction curve based on the time prediction means as a graph, it also has a function of periodically making new predictions according to changes in operation data and / or a function of making new predictions when abnormalities occur. A computer-readable recording medium on which the management program for the fresh water generation system according to claim 28 is recorded.
- 前記時期予測手段で計算された前記分離膜の薬品洗浄日または交換日までの日数が指定日数以下となった場合に通知アラームを出力する通知手段を有する請求項28または29に記載の造水システムの管理プログラムを記録したコンピュータ読み取り可能な記録媒体。 30. A fresh water generation system according to claim 28 or 29, further comprising a notification means for outputting a notification alarm when the number of days until the chemical cleaning date or replacement date of the separation membrane calculated by the time prediction means is equal to or less than a specified number of days. A computer-readable recording medium on which the management program is recorded.
- 前記分離膜の薬品洗浄日または交換日が、予め設定した予定日よりも早い場合、警報アラームを出力する警報手段を有する請求項28~30のいずれか1項に記載の造水システムの管理プログラムを記録したコンピュータ読み取り可能な記録媒体。 The fresh water management system management program according to any one of claims 28 to 30, further comprising warning means for outputting a warning alarm when the chemical cleaning date or replacement date of the separation membrane is earlier than a preset scheduled date. A computer-readable recording medium on which is recorded.
- 前記分離膜の薬品洗浄日または交換日が、予め設定した予定日よりも早い場合、前記薬品洗浄日または交換日が、前記予定日と一致または前記予定日よりも遅くなるように、ろ過条件および/または洗浄条件を変更する運転条件変更手段を有する請求項28~31のいずれか1項に記載の造水システムの管理プログラムを記録したコンピュータ読み取り可能な記録媒体。 When the chemical cleaning date or replacement date of the separation membrane is earlier than the preset scheduled date, the filtration conditions and the chemical cleaning date or replacement date are set so that the chemical cleaning date or replacement date matches or is later than the scheduled date. 32. A computer-readable recording medium on which a management program for a fresh water generation system according to claim 28, comprising operating condition changing means for changing cleaning conditions.
- 前記運転条件変更手段は、運転コスト予測機能と、運転コストが最も低くなるようにろ過条件および/または洗浄条件を決定する機能をさらに有する請求項32に記載の造水システムの管理プログラムを記録したコンピュータ読み取り可能な記録媒体。 The said operating condition change means has recorded the management program of the fresh water generation system of Claim 32 which further has a function which determines an operation cost prediction function and a filtration condition and / or a washing | cleaning condition so that an operation cost may become the lowest. Computer-readable recording medium.
- 前記造水システムが、被処理水に凝集剤、還元剤、殺菌剤、スケールコントロール剤のうち少なくとも1つの薬剤を添加する薬剤添加手段を備えるものであり、前記運転条件変更手段が前記薬剤の添加率を変更する機能をさらに有することを特徴とする請求項32または33に記載の造水システムの管理プログラムを記録したコンピュータ読み取り可能な記録媒体。
The fresh water generation system includes a chemical addition means for adding at least one chemical among a flocculant, a reducing agent, a bactericidal agent, and a scale control agent to the water to be treated, and the operating condition changing means is the addition of the chemical. The computer-readable recording medium which recorded the management program of the fresh water generation system of Claim 32 or 33 which further has the function to change a rate.
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