JPWO2017221984A1 - Trouble determination program, trouble determination device, and recording medium for fresh water generation system - Google Patents

Abstract

In order to determine the trouble of the fresh water generation system that repeats the filtration process of permeating the treated water through the separation membrane to obtain the treated water and the physical washing step of physically washing the separation membrane in a plurality of steps, Operation data input means for inputting operation data of the filtration process and physical cleaning process, operation data recording means for recording operation data, process selection means for selecting a filtration process or physical cleaning process for determining trouble, operation in advance Processing rule recording means for recording data processing rules, means for processing the operation data recorded in the operation data recording means based on the processing rules of the process selected by the process selection means, and obtaining processing data; Setting value recording means for recording setting values related to troubles, when machining data and setting values are compared and machining data deviates from setting values Trouble determining means, trouble judgment output means, a computer-readable recording medium that trouble determination program recorded in desalination system, characterized in that to function as to output the determination of trouble constant to.

Description

  The present invention relates to a trouble determination program, a trouble determination apparatus, and a recording medium for a fresh water generation system that obtains treated water by treating natural water such as river water, lake water, seawater, sewage wastewater, and industrial wastewater using a separation membrane. It is.

  Membrane separation methods have features such as energy saving space and improved filtered water quality, and thus are widely used in various fields. For example, microfiltration membranes and ultrafiltration membranes can be applied to water purification processes that produce industrial water and tap water from river water, groundwater and sewage treatment water, pretreatment in seawater desalination reverse osmosis membrane treatment processes, Application to manufacturing process in the field.

  When the water to be treated is subjected to membrane filtration, the accumulated amount of contaminants increases on the membrane surface, membrane pores, and separation membrane module with the amount of treated water, and the amount of treated water / water quality decreases or the differential pressure increases. It becomes a problem.

  Therefore, air is introduced into the primary side of the membrane, the membranes are swung, and the membranes are brought into contact with each other, so that the adhered substances on the membrane surface are scraped off. Physical cleaning such as reverse pressure cleaning that pushes water with pressure and eliminates contaminants adhering to the membrane surface and membrane pores, and air back and reverse cleaning that simultaneously performs air cleaning and back pressure cleaning have been put into practical use. .

  In order to perform a stable and long-term continuous membrane filtration operation, Patent Documents 1 and 2 describe the adjustment of the washing time of back pressure washing or back pressure washing according to the measured value of the membrane differential pressure during filtration. A method for controlling the frequency of physical cleaning such as air cleaning has been proposed.

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-169851 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 11-319516

  However, even if physical cleaning control such as cleaning time and frequency according to the membrane filtration differential pressure described in Patent Documents 1 and 2 is performed normally, if the physical cleaning itself is not performed normally, the increase in differential pressure cannot be suppressed. There was a problem that the filtration operation could not be stabilized sufficiently. Furthermore, it is necessary to set the data collection cycle to a short interval in order to determine the trouble of physical cleaning that is usually performed in a short time with respect to the filtration time. There was a problem that capacity was pressed.

  The present invention stabilizes the fresh water generation system by efficiently collecting and analyzing operation data during the filtration process and physical cleaning process, efficiently judging troubles in each process and predicting the operation and responding immediately. It is to be able to drive.

  In order to solve the above problems, the present invention has the following features.

  (1) To determine a trouble of a fresh water generation system that repeats a filtration step of passing treated water through a separation membrane to obtain treated water and a physical washing step of physically washing the separation membrane in a plurality of steps. Computer, operation data input means for inputting operation data of the filtration step and the physical cleaning step, operation data recording means for recording the operation data, the filtration step or the physical cleaning step for determining trouble A process selection means for selecting the operation data, a process rule recording means for recording a process rule for the operation data in advance, and the operation recorded in the operation data recording means based on the process rule for the process selected by the process selection means. Means for processing data to obtain processing data, setting value recording means for previously recording setting values relating to the processing data, the processing data and the previous Comparing a set value, a trouble determination means for determining a trouble when the processed data deviates from the set value, a trouble determination output means for outputting a determination of the trouble, and a function of a fresh water generation system characterized by A computer-readable recording medium on which a trouble determination program is recorded.

  (2) The trouble determination output means displays at least one of the cause and countermeasure of the trouble. The computer-readable recording of the fresh water generation system trouble determination program according to (1) recoding media.

  (3) The computer is further caused to function as a recording cycle setting unit that sets data recording cycles of the filtration step and the physical cleaning step to different cycles, and the recording cycle setting unit is more effective than the filtration step. The computer-readable recording medium which recorded the trouble determination program of the fresh water generation system as described in (1) or (2) characterized by setting the data recording period of this.

  (4) The physical washing process includes a backwashing process, the process selection means selects the backwashing process, and the processing rule is data of the backwashing water amount or the backwashing flow rate used for the backwashing. The computer-readable recording medium which recorded the trouble determination program of the fresh water generation system in any one of (1)-(3) characterized by the above-mentioned.

  (5) The physical washing step has at least one of an air washing step, a drainage step, and a water supply step, and the step selection means selects the air washing step, the drainage step, and the water supply step, The processing rule uses pressure data on the raw water side of the separation membrane. The computer-readable recording of the fresh water generation system trouble determination program according to any one of (1) to (3) recoding media.

  (6) The physical cleaning process includes an air washing process and a water supply process, and the process selection means selects the air washing process and the water supply process, and the processing rule flows in each process. The computer-readable recording medium which recorded the trouble determination program of the fresh water generation system in any one of (1)-(3) characterized by using the flow data of air and raw | natural water.

  (7) The physical cleaning step includes a backwashing step performed by injecting chemicals, and the process selection means selects the backwashing step, and the processing rule is installed in the backwash pipe. The computer which recorded the trouble determination program of the fresh water generation system according to any one of (1) to (3), wherein at least data of any one of a pH meter, a residual chlorine meter, and an ORP meter is used A readable recording medium.

  (8) Any of (1) to (3), wherein the processing rule uses a degree of increase in filtration resistance in one cycle of the filtration step and a degree of increase in physical washing irreversible filtration after the physical washing. A computer-readable recording medium in which the trouble determination program for the fresh water generation system according to claim 1 is recorded.

  (9) The fresh water generation according to any one of (1) to (8), wherein the trouble determining means determines that a trouble has occurred when the processing data deviates from the set value continuously a plurality of times. A computer-readable recording medium on which a system trouble determination program is recorded.

  (10) A structure for determining a trouble of a fresh water generation system that repeats a filtration step of passing treated water through a separation membrane to obtain treated water, and a physical washing step of physically washing the separation membrane in a plurality of steps. A trouble determination device for a water system, wherein operation data input means for inputting operation data of the filtration process and the physical cleaning process, operation data recording means for recording the operation data, and an attempt to determine a trouble Based on the process selection means for selecting the filtration process or the physical cleaning process, the process rule recording means for recording the process rule of the operation data in advance, and the process rule of the process selected by the process selection means Means for processing the operation data recorded in the operation data recording means to obtain processing data; and a setting for pre-recording set values relating to the processing data. A value recording means, a trouble determination means for comparing the machining data with the set value and determining a trouble when the machining data deviates from the set value, and a trouble determination output means for outputting the trouble determination. A trouble determination device for a fresh water generation system, comprising:

  (11) The trouble determination device for a fresh water generation system according to (10), wherein the trouble determination output means displays at least one of a cause and a countermeasure of the trouble.

  (12) The computer is further caused to function as a recording cycle setting unit that sets different data recording cycles for the filtration step and the physical cleaning step, and the recording cycle setting unit is more effective than the filtration step. (10) or (11), wherein the data recording cycle is set to be short.

  (13) The physical washing process includes a backwashing process, the process selection means selects the backwashing process, and the processing rule is data of the amount of backwashing water or backwashing flow used for the backwashing. The trouble determination device for a fresh water generation system according to any one of (10) to (12), wherein

  (14) The physical washing step has at least one of an air washing step, a drainage step, and a water supply step, and the process selection means selects the air washing step, the drainage step, and the water supply step, The trouble determination device for a fresh water generation system according to any one of (10) to (12), wherein the processing rule uses pressure data on the raw water side of the separation membrane.

  (15) The physical cleaning process includes an air washing process and a water supply process, and the process selection means selects the air washing process and the water supply process, and the processing rule flows in each process. The trouble determination device for a fresh water generation system according to any one of (10) to (12), wherein flow rate data of air and raw water is used.

  (16) The physical cleaning step includes a backwashing step performed by injecting chemicals, and the process selecting means selects the backwashing step, and the processing rule is installed in the backwashing pipe. The trouble determination device for a fresh water generation system according to any one of (10) to (12), wherein at least data of a pH meter, a residual chlorine meter, or an ORP meter is used.

  (17) The processing rule uses the degree of increase in filtration resistance in one cycle of the filtration step and the degree of increase in physical irreversible filtration after the physical washing step. (10) to (12) The trouble determination apparatus of the fresh water generation system in any one.

  (18) The fresh water generation according to any one of (10) to (17), wherein the trouble determination means determines that there is a trouble when the processing data deviates from the set value continuously a plurality of times. System trouble determination device.

  (19) To determine troubles in a fresh water generation system that repeats a filtration step of passing treated water through a separation membrane to obtain treated water and a physical washing step of physically washing the separation membrane in a plurality of steps. Computer, operation data input means for inputting operation data of the filtration step and the physical cleaning step, operation data recording means for recording the operation data, the filtration step or the physical cleaning step for determining trouble A process selection means for selecting the operation data, a process rule recording means for recording a process rule for the operation data in advance, and the operation recorded in the operation data recording means based on the process rule for the process selected by the process selection means. Means for processing data to obtain processing data, setting value recording means for recording setting values relating to the processing data in advance, and the processing data; A fresh water generation system that functions as a trouble determination means that compares the set value and determines that a trouble occurs when the processed data deviates from the set value, and a trouble determination output means that outputs the determination of the trouble Trouble judgment program.

  (20) The trouble determination program for a fresh water generation system according to (19), wherein the trouble determination output means displays at least one of a cause and a countermeasure of the trouble.

  (21) The computer is further functioned as a recording cycle setting unit that sets different data recording cycles for the filtering step and the physical cleaning step, and the recording cycle setting unit performs the physical cleaning step more than the filtering step. (10) or (11), wherein the data recording cycle is set short.

  (22) The physical washing process includes a backwashing process, the process selection means selects the backwashing process, and the processing rule is data on the amount of backwashing water or backwashing flow used in the backwashing. The trouble determination program for a fresh water generation system according to any one of (19) to (21), wherein

  (23) The physical washing step includes at least one of an air washing step, a drainage step, and a water supply step, and the process selection means selects the air washing step, the drainage step, and the water supply step, The processing rule uses pressure data on the raw water side of the separation membrane, The trouble determination program for a fresh water generation system according to any one of (19) to (21).

  (24) The physical cleaning process includes an air washing process and a water supply process, and the process selection means selects the air washing process and the water supply process, and the processing rule flows in each process. The trouble determination program for a fresh water generation system according to any one of (19) to (21), wherein flow rate data of air and raw water is used.

  (25) The physical cleaning step includes a backwashing step performed by injecting chemicals, and the process selection means selects the backwashing step, and the processing rule is installed in the backwash pipe. The trouble determination program for a fresh water generation system according to any one of (19) to (21), wherein at least one of data of a pH meter, a residual chlorine meter, and an ORP meter is used.

  (26) Any of (19) to (21), wherein the processing rule uses a degree of increase in filtration resistance in one cycle of the filtration step and a degree of increase in physical washing irreversible filtration after the physical washing. The problem determination program for fresh water generation systems described in Crab.

  (27) The fresh water generation according to any one of (19) to (25), wherein the trouble determination means determines that a trouble has occurred when the processing data deviates from the set value continuously a plurality of times. System trouble determination program.

  (28) In order to manage the fresh water generation system, a computer functioning by a computer-readable recording medium in which the trouble determination program for the fresh water generation system according to any one of (1) to (9) is recorded, Timing predicting means for predicting the timing of chemical cleaning or replacement of the separation membrane based on the operating data of the operating data recording means, and the operating data recording means at least one operating data selected from filtration pressure, differential pressure, and filtration speed. And an analysis means for analyzing at least one filtration index among a change in filtration pressure, a change in filtration differential pressure, a change in filtration resistance, and a change in filtration speed from the data recorded by the operation data recording means by the time prediction means. From the filtration index obtained by the analysis means, at least one filtration characteristic among filtration pressure, filtration resistance, and filtration rate A computer-readable recording medium management program desalination system, characterized in that to further function filtering characteristics change predicting means, as for predicting the reduction.

  (29) The time prediction means has a graph for displaying a basic prediction curve, and has a function of periodically making a new prediction and / or a function of making a new prediction when an abnormality occurs according to changes in operation data. A computer-readable recording medium in which the management program for the fresh water generation system according to (28) is recorded.

  (30) In the notification means (28) or (29), there is provided a notification means for outputting a notification alarm when the number of days until the chemical cleaning date or replacement date of the separation membrane calculated by the time prediction means becomes equal to or less than a specified number of days. The computer-readable recording medium which recorded the management program of the desalination system of description.

  (31) The fresh water generation system according to any one of (28) to (30), which has an alarm means for outputting an alarm alarm when the chemical cleaning date or the replacement date of the separation membrane is earlier than a preset scheduled date. A computer-readable recording medium on which the management program is recorded.

  (32) When the chemical cleaning date or replacement date of the separation membrane is earlier than the preset scheduled date, the chemical cleaning date or replacement date is coincident with or later than the scheduled date, The computer-readable recording medium which recorded the management program of the fresh water generation system in any one of (28)-(31) which has an operation condition change means to change filtration conditions and / or washing conditions.

  (33) The fresh water management system management program according to (32), wherein the operating condition changing means further has an operating cost prediction function and a function of determining a filtering condition and / or a cleaning condition so that the operating cost is the lowest. A computer-readable recording medium on which is recorded.

  (34) The fresh water generation system includes a chemical addition means for adding at least one chemical among a flocculant, a reducing agent, a bactericidal agent, and a scale control agent to the water to be treated. The computer-readable recording medium on which the management program for the fresh water generation system according to (32) or (33) is further provided with a function of changing a drug addition rate.

  According to the trouble determination program of the fresh water generation system of the present invention, the operation data at the filtration process and the physical cleaning process is efficiently collected and analyzed, and the trouble at each process is efficiently determined, so that the trouble occurs. Since it is possible to quickly cope with troubles, it is possible to provide stable operation of the fresh water generation system.

FIG. 1 is an apparatus schematic flowchart showing an example of a fresh water generation system to which the present invention is applied. FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention.

  Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail based on embodiments shown in the drawings. In addition, this invention is not limited to the following embodiments.

  For example, as shown in FIG. 1, the fresh water generation system of the present invention includes a raw water tank 1 that stores treated water, a supply pump 2 that supplies treated liquid, and a separation membrane 3 that filters treated water. In order to backwash the separation membrane 3, the backwash tank 4 for storing a part of the filtrate used for backwashing the separation membrane 3, the backwash pump 5 for supplying the filtrate to the separation membrane 3 and backwashing, Empty washing blower 6, raw water pipe 8 for supplying the liquid to be treated supplied from the supply pump 2 to the separation membrane 3, and backwash pipe for supplying the backwashing liquid supplied from the backwash pump 5 to the separation membrane 3. 9, an air-washing pipe 10 for supplying air supplied from the air-washing blower 6 to the separation membrane 3, and liquid when the water to be treated is supplied excessively during backwashing or to the primary side of the separation membrane 3. Outflow backwash drainage pipe 11, drainage pipe 12 for draining treated water or cleaning wastewater on the primary side of separation membrane 3, and separation membrane Filtered water pipe 13 from which filtered water flows out, supply pressure gauge 21 installed in raw water pipe 8 for measuring the supply pressure to separation membrane 3, and backwashing installed in backwash pipe 9 for measuring the flow rate of backwashing Installed in the flow meter 22, the flush flow meter 23 installed in the flush pipe 10 for measuring the flush flow rate, the filtration pressure gauge 24 installed in the filtrate water pipe 13 for measuring the filtrate pressure, and the raw water pipe 8 The fresh water generation system 30 is provided with a supply flow meter 25 for measuring the supply flow rate to the separation membrane 3.

  The water to be treated is a solution to be treated using a separation membrane, and examples thereof include river water, groundwater, seawater, sewage treated water, factory wastewater, and culture solution.

  The “primary side” is the side to which the water to be treated is supplied in the space partitioned by the separation membrane, and the “secondary side” is the opposite.

  The pore size of the separation membrane used in the separation membrane is not particularly limited as long as it is porous, but depending on the nature and amount of water to be treated, an MF membrane (microfiltration membrane) or a UF membrane (extra limit) Filter membrane), or use both together. For example, when removing turbid components, Escherichia coli, Cryptosporidium, etc., either the MF membrane or the UF membrane may be used. However, when removing viruses or high molecular organic substances, it is preferable to use the UF membrane. .

  Examples of the shape of the separation membrane include a hollow fiber membrane, a flat membrane, a tubular membrane, and a monolith membrane, and any of them may be used. The material of the separation membrane is polyethylene, polypropylene, polyacrylonitrile, ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer, polychlorotrifluoroethylene, polytetrafluoroethylene, polyvinyl fluoride, tetrafluoroethylene-hexafluoropropylene copolymer. , Tetrafluoroethylene-perfluoroalkyl vinyl ether copolymer, and chlorotrifluoroethylene-ethylene copolymer, polyvinylidene fluoride, polysulfone, cellulose acetate, polyvinyl alcohol, polyethersulfone, ceramics, and other inorganic materials such as ceramics In view of film strength and chemical resistance, polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) is more preferable, and it has high hydrophilicity and stain resistance. Polyacrylonitrile from the viewpoint that the strong is more preferable.

  The membrane filtration method may be a whole-volume filtration type module or a cross-flow filtration type, but the whole-volume filtration type is preferred from the viewpoint of low energy consumption. Further, it may be a pressurization type or an immersion type, but the pressurization type is preferred from the viewpoint that a high flux operation is possible. In addition, it may be an external pressure type that supplies raw water from the outside of the membrane and obtains permeated water from the inside, or an internal pressure type that supplies raw water from the inside of the membrane and obtains permeated water from the outside. From the viewpoint of simplicity of processing, an external pressure type is preferred.

  In the fresh water generation system 30, during filtration, the water to be treated is supplied to the primary side of the separation membrane 3 by the supply pump 2 to obtain filtrate from the secondary side. That is, the pressure difference between the primary side and the secondary side of the separation membrane 3 (hereinafter referred to as differential pressure) increases. In order to suppress this increase in differential pressure, it is common to perform physical cleaning (physical cleaning process) periodically and to operate while repeating filtration and physical cleaning.

  In physical washing, filtration is temporarily stopped and the back washing process, the air washing process, the drainage process, and the water supply process are generally performed in this order, but the back washing process and the air washing process are performed simultaneously. There is no problem even if the washing step is carried out, or any step is omitted or carried out a plurality of times.

  In the backwashing process, the backwashing tank 4 and the stored filtered water are washed by the backwash pump 5 from the secondary side to the primary side of the separation membrane 3 in the direction opposite to the filtration. The backwash liquid coming out of the system is discharged out of the system through the backwash drain pipe 11, and after backwashing for a predetermined time, the backwash pump 5 is stopped and the backwash process is completed.

  The air washing step is a step of supplying compressed air to the lower part of the separation membrane 3 from the air washing blower 6 to wash the separation membrane so that the separation membrane is swung. The blower 6 is stopped and the rinsing process is completed. The air generation source may be a blower or a compressor, but in the case of a compressor, an oil-free type is preferable so that oil in the air is not supplied to the separation membrane.

  In the drainage process, the turbid components removed from the separation membrane 3 in the backwashing step and the air washing step are discharged out of the system, and discharged out of the system through the drainage pipe 12 connected to the lower part of the separation membrane 3. After a predetermined drainage time, the drainage process ends.

  The water supply process is a process of supplying the treated water to the primary side of the separation membrane 3 after the draining process. The treated water is supplied to the primary side of the separation membrane 3 by the supply pump 2 and the primary side is in a full state. Then, the excess amount overflows from the backwash drain pipe 11, and the water supply process ends after a predetermined water supply time.

  In addition, although not shown in figure, each process of the said physical washing | cleaning is generally implemented automatically by switching processes by automatic valves, such as a pneumatic valve or a motorized valve, although it is not illustrated by control apparatuses, such as PLC. .

  In the fresh water generation system 30 that repeats such filtration and physical cleaning, when troubles such as a sudden increase in differential pressure occur due to various factors, the time and frequency of each process of physical cleaning are changed and dealt with. However, if the physical cleaning itself is not carried out normally, the increase in the differential pressure cannot be suppressed.

  Therefore, the present invention relates to a trouble determination program for determining a trouble in a fresh water generation system that repeatedly operates filtration and physical cleaning, a computer-readable recording medium that records the program, a management device, and a trouble determination device. As shown in FIG. 2, the trouble determination program 32 causes a computer 31 having the following means to function. The trouble determination program 32 can be recorded in a recording device such as a memory or a hard disk of the computer 31, a control management system such as a PLC or DCS described later, and the form of recording is not particularly limited. It is shown in a state of being housed inside the computer 31.

  The computer 31 that obtains the operation data from the fresh water generation system 30 has an operation data input means 41 that extracts and inputs data related to filtration and physical cleaning among the operation data of the fresh water generation system 30 for each process. Each measurement value obtained in each step is recorded in the operation data recording means 42. The data recorded in the operation data recording means 42 is divided for each process by the process selection means 43 for determining which process trouble is to be determined, and the divided data is stored with a processing rule for processing for trouble determination. Processing is performed by means 45 for obtaining processing data in accordance with the processing rules stored in the processing rule storage means 44.

  After that, when the machining data deviates from the set value compared with the set value stored in the set value recording means 46 in which the set value related to the machining data, which becomes a judgment value when determining a trouble, is recorded. Trouble determination is performed by the trouble determination means 47. Thereby, it is determined whether the filtration process is normal or the cleaning is normally performed in each physical cleaning process, and when it deviates, a trouble determination is output from the trouble determination output means 48 that outputs a determination result. As a result, the presence or absence of troubles can be automatically confirmed for each process, and when trouble occurs, it is possible to instantly confirm what kind of trouble is occurring in which process.

  The processing rule is a rule for processing operation data related to each process into an integrated value, maximum value, average value, minimum value, initial value, or a change amount with respect to a specified value. There is no problem even if it is included. The operation data input means can input operation data such as water quality not related to filtration or physical cleaning.

  If a trouble occurs, if the cause of the trouble and the countermeasures are known, the trouble can be dealt with quickly, so that the stop time can be shortened, which is more preferable. Therefore, the present invention is characterized by displaying at least one of the cause and countermeasure of the trouble. As a result, it is possible to quickly cope with troubles, and to minimize the stoppage time of the fresh water generation system at the time of troubles.

  Also, in order to analyze the data of the cleaning process that is usually performed in a short time with respect to the filtration time and diagnose the trouble, the data collection (also called sampling, acquisition, or recording) cycle is set to a short time. Although it is necessary, the storage capacity (recording) of the operation data is increased, and the server capacity is pressed. Therefore, in order to distinguish the operation data of the filtration process and the cleaning process and set them to different recording periods, it is also a preferable aspect to further provide a recording period setting means 55. The recording cycle setting means 55 is preferably provided on the upstream side of the operation data input means 41.

  The recording cycle of the recording cycle setting means 55 may be set arbitrarily in units of several tens of seconds to several hours in the case of a filtration process, but is set to be 1 minute or longer in order to prevent compression of server capacity. Is preferred. However, in the cleaning process, the cleaning time itself is shorter than that in the filtration process, and data cannot be acquired in the same recording cycle as the filtration process. More preferably, the data analysis is set to 5 seconds or less. In this way, it is possible to prevent an increase in server capacity by acquiring the minimum necessary operation data that can determine the trouble of each process, and in the case of a form in which operation data is acquired via the Internet, communication Costs can be reduced.

  Furthermore, in the present invention, in the backwashing step of physical washing, the processing rule is a backwashing water amount that is a total amount of backwashing water used within a set time for backwashing or a backwash flow rate that is an instantaneous value of backwashing. It is characterized by using the data. For the backwashing process, it is important that the backwash flow rate is not less than the specified value, and it is also important that the total amount of backwash water is the specified value. The effect is reduced, causing an increase in the differential pressure of the separation membrane 3. For example, the amount of backwash water is represented by the following calculation formula.

Backwash water amount (m ³ ) = backwash flow rate (m ³ / h) / 3600 sec × backwash time (sec)

  The amount of backwash water may be calculated by the above formula, or may be calculated by integrating the backwash flow rate for the backwash time. The backwash flow rate is generally an instantaneous value of the backwash flow meter 22. Moreover, in order to improve the effect of backwashing, the backwashing flow rate is generally set to a flow rate higher than the normal filtration flow rate. By analyzing these, it is possible to determine a trouble in the backwashing process.

  Further, in the air washing step of physical washing, depending on the fresh water generation system, the air washing flow meter 23 that is installed in the air washing pipe 10 shown in FIG. 1 and measures the flow rate of air washing may not be installed. Further, the fresh water generation system 30 is generally not provided with a liquid level gauge for confirming the liquid level of the separation membrane. Therefore, in the present invention, it is generally characterized in that the trouble is determined by the pressure data of the supply pressure gauge 21 that is installed in the raw water pipe 8 installed in the fresh water generation system 30 and measures the supply pressure to the separation membrane 3. Yes. As a result, even if there is no air washing flow meter and separation membrane 3 liquid level meter, the pressure data of the supply pressure gauge 21 is lower than normal if the air flow does not flow in the air washing process at the rated flow rate during the air washing process. On the other hand, if it becomes clogged with contaminants contained in the water to be treated in the separation membrane or on the backwash drainage pipe side, the value will be higher than normal, and the drainage on the primary side of the separation membrane 3 will be completely removed during the drainage process. If not, the value is higher than normal. If the primary side of the separation membrane 3 is not filled with the liquid to be treated during the water supply process, the value is lower than normal, so trouble determination is possible.

  In addition, when the supply flow meter 25 installed in the raw water pipe 8 and measuring the supply flow rate to the separation membrane 3 and the air washing flow meter 23 installed in the air washing pipe 10 and measuring the flow rate of air washing are installed. The trouble determination may be performed using these flow rate data. It should be noted that the determination criterion may be to detect whether the instantaneous value of each flow meter is within the normal value range, or when the flow rate of the supply flow meter 25 is used in the water supply process, the integrated value of the supply water flow rate May be used as the determination reference value.

  In the backwashing process, although not shown in FIG. 1, a chemical solution such as sodium hypochlorite or hydrochloric acid may be injected into the backwash pipe 9 to improve the backwashing effect. In this case, the chemical solution is injected. It is preferable to keep the amount constant as specified. Therefore, although not shown in FIG. 1, when a pH meter, a residual chlorine meter, and an ORP meter are installed in the backwash pipe 9, any measured value varies depending on the chemical solution. It is possible to determine the trouble by comparing the data with the normal data.

  Further, the present invention is characterized in that the processing rules are one cycle of filtration resistance increase and physical cleaning irreversible filtration resistance increase after the physical cleaning. Here, the degree of filtration resistance increase in one cycle is the filtration resistance (or filtration differential pressure) that increases in one cycle of the filtration process, and the filtration resistance is calculated by the following calculation formula and indicates the degree of membrane fouling. It is an indicator. The filtration differential pressure is a value obtained by subtracting the secondary pressure from the primary pressure of the separation membrane module.

  Filtration resistance (1 / m) = filtration differential pressure (Pa) / (filtrated water viscosity (Pa · s) × filtration flux (m / s))

On the other hand, the degree of increase in physical irreversible filtration resistance after physical cleaning is also an index indicating the degree of membrane fouling, but this represents a component that is not removed even if physical cleaning is performed, and the total amount of filtered water (m ³ / m ² ) is the horizontal axis, and when the filtration resistance (1 / m) is plotted on the vertical axis, it indicates the slope of the straight line connecting the filtration resistance at the start of each filtration step. Alternatively, it indicates the slope of a straight line connecting the filtration differential pressure at the start of each filtration step when the filtration time is plotted on the horizontal axis and the filtration differential pressure is plotted on the vertical axis. Physical cleaning combined with chemical cleaning may also be included. These fouling indices are calculated according to the processing rules, and it is possible to determine that there is a trouble in the filtration process when deviating from the normal time.

  Regarding the above-mentioned trouble determination, it may be determined as a trouble when the data processed by the processing rule instantaneously deviates from the normal time, and within each process time, the deviation continues for a set time. The case may be determined as a trouble, and the case where a deviation occurs at the final stage of each process time may be determined as a trouble. Furthermore, it is a preferable aspect to compare a plurality of set values for each risk level for one operation data or machining data. The administrator can grasp the priority of taking measures by dividing the risk level.

  The trouble determination is based on the value of each sensor. However, depending on the accuracy of each sensor or the timing of the sampling cycle, the measurement itself may not be a true value. In this case, the trouble determination means 47 compares the processed data with the measured value and the set value, and if it deviates from the set value, it is determined as a trouble and becomes a disturbance. It is preferable not to determine that there is a problem. Therefore, the present invention is characterized in that a trouble is determined when the machining data deviates from the set value a plurality of times in order to remove the disturbance factor as described above. As a result, the disturbance can be eliminated and accurate trouble determination can be performed. Although the number of times is not specified, it takes time to determine a trouble if the number is too large, and disturbance is not removed if the number is too small.

  The form of trouble determination of the fresh water generation system described above is a trouble determination program, but it may be a computer-readable recording medium, a management device, a management method, or a trouble determination device. In addition, these forms are installed together with a control management system such as PLC or DCS normally installed in a fresh water generation system, or using a remote monitoring device from the control management system, operation data is taken out via the Internet, In general, it is installed on an on-premises server or a cloud server installed at an arbitrary location. The trouble determination device can be grasped as a hardware device having each means shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, and can have the same configuration as the computer 31.

  In addition to trouble determination as shown in FIG. 3, this patent includes a time predicting means 51 for predicting the time when the operation status in the fresh water generation system 30 replaces the chemical cleaning or separation membrane 3 from the operation data recording means 42. It is characterized by having. Specifically, the operation data recording means 42 records at least one operation data among filtration pressure, differential pressure, and filtration speed. From the data recorded by the operation data recording means 42 in the time prediction means 51, the analysis means 52 has a function of analyzing past data, and has filtration characteristic change predicting means 53 for calculating the past change of each data from the filtration index obtained by the analyzing means 52 and predicting the rate of change of the filtration characteristics. It is what. This makes it possible to predict the time until the separation membrane reaches chemical cleaning or the time until replacement.

  Further, the prediction curve output by the time prediction means 51 in the normal state is displayed in a graph, and the result predicted and predicted by the same means when the trouble is determined periodically or by the trouble analysis means is the prediction curve. By displaying together with the graph, it is possible to easily determine the operation status of the separation membrane 3.

  Also, from the graph display, when the chemical cleaning date or replacement date is shorter than the specified date set in advance, a notification alarm is output or an administrator is notified by e-mail etc. This makes it possible to minimize the stoppage time. Alternatively, it may have a function of issuing an alarm alarm when the chemical cleaning date or replacement date is earlier than the scheduled date.

  As soon as the alarm alarm is generated, it is preferable for the operation to take a countermeasure and postpone the chemical cleaning date or the replacement date. Therefore, the operating condition changing means 54 changes the filtration conditions such as the filtration time and the filtration speed and / or the physical washing conditions such as the backwash process time so that the chemical cleaning date or the replacement date coincides with or is delayed from the scheduled date. It is more effective to have The operation condition changing means 54 predicts the operation costs such as the electricity consumption and the chemical consumption of the fresh water generation system, and has the function of determining the condition that the operation cost is the lowest. It can be reduced and it is efficient.

  Among them, chemical consumption such as a flocculant, a reducing agent, a bactericidal agent, and a scale control agent added to the water to be treated has a great influence on the overall operation cost. Therefore, it is more preferable that the operating condition changing means 54 has a function of changing the addition rate of the medicine. In addition to the amount of chemical added to be changed by the operating condition changing means 54, the filtration flow rate / time, backwash flow rate / time, empty washing flow rate / time, drainage time, water supply time, physical washing method, etc. may be used. Absent.

  This application is based on the Japanese Patent Application filed on June 21, 2016, Japanese Patent Application No. 2006-122335, the Japanese Patent Application filed on August 10, 2016, and Japanese Patent Application No. 2006-157225, the contents of which are here Incorporated as a reference.

1: Raw water tank 2: Supply pump 3: Separation membrane 4: Back washing tank 5: Back washing pump 6: Empty washing blower 8: Raw water piping 9: Back washing piping 10: Air washing piping 11: Back washing drain piping 12: Drainage Piping 21: Supply pressure gauge
22: Backwash flow meter 23: Air washing flow meter 24: Filtration pressure meter 25: Supply flow meter 30: Fresh water system 31: Computer 32: Trouble determination program 41: Operation data input means 42: Operation data recording means 43: Process Selection means 44: Processing rule storage means 45: Means for obtaining machining data 46: Set value recording means 47: Trouble determination means 48: Trouble determination output means 51: Time prediction means 52: Analysis means 53: Filtration characteristic change prediction means 54: Operating condition changing means 55: recording cycle setting means

Claims (34)

A computer is used to determine the trouble of a fresh water generation system that repeats a filtration step of permeating treated water through a separation membrane to obtain treated water and a physical washing step of physically washing the separation membrane in a plurality of steps. ,
Operation data input means for inputting operation data of the filtration step and the physical cleaning step,
Operation data recording means for recording the operation data,
A process selection means for selecting the filtration process or the physical cleaning process to determine a trouble,
A processing rule recording means for recording a processing rule for the operation data in advance,
Means for processing the operation data recorded in the operation data recording means based on the processing rule of the process selected by the process selection means to obtain processing data;
A setting value recording means for recording a setting value relating to the machining data in advance, a trouble determination means for comparing the machining data with the setting value and determining a trouble when the machining data deviates from the setting value;
Trouble determination output means for outputting the determination of the trouble,
The computer-readable recording medium which recorded the trouble determination program of the fresh water generation system characterized by functioning as.   The computer-readable recording medium recording the trouble determination program of the fresh water generation system according to claim 1, wherein the trouble determination output means displays at least one of a cause and a countermeasure of the trouble.   The computer is further functioned as a recording cycle setting unit that sets different data recording cycles for the filtration step and the physical cleaning step, and the recording cycle setting unit records the data for the physical cleaning step more than the filtration step. The computer-readable recording medium which recorded the trouble determination program of the fresh water generation system of Claim 1 or 2 characterized by setting a period short.   The physical washing process has a back washing process, the process selecting means selects the back washing process, and the processing rule uses data of the amount of back washing water or the back washing flow used for the back washing. The computer-readable recording medium which recorded the trouble determination program of the fresh water generation system of any one of Claims 1-3 characterized by the above-mentioned.   The physical washing process has at least one of an air washing process, a drainage process, and a water supply process, the process selection means selects the air washing process, the drainage process, and the water supply process, and the processing rule is The pressure data on the raw water side of the separation membrane is used, and the computer-readable recording medium recording the trouble determination program for the fresh water generation system according to any one of claims 1 to 3.   The physical cleaning process includes an air washing process and a water supply process, and the process selection means selects the air washing process and the water supply process, and the processing rule flows in air and raw water in each process. The computer-readable recording medium which recorded the trouble determination program of the fresh water generation system of any one of Claims 1-3 characterized by using the flow volume data of.   The physical cleaning step includes a backwashing step performed by injecting chemicals, and the process selection means selects the backwashing step, and the processing rule is installed in the backwashing pipe, at least pH A computer readable recording of the water system trouble determination program according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein data of any one of a meter, a residual chlorine meter, and an ORP meter is used. recoding media.   The said processing rule uses the filtration resistance raise degree of the said filtration process 1 cycle, and the physical washing irreversible filtration rise degree after the said physical washing process, The any one of Claims 1-3 characterized by the above-mentioned. The computer-readable recording medium which recorded the trouble determination program of the desalination system of description.   The trouble of the fresh water generation system according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the trouble determination means determines that a trouble occurs when the processing data deviates from the set value continuously a plurality of times. A computer-readable recording medium on which a determination program is recorded. A desalination system for determining troubles in a desalination system that repeats a filtration step of permeating treated water through a separation membrane to obtain treated water and a physical washing step of physically washing the separation membrane in a plurality of steps. A trouble determination device,
Operation data input means for inputting operation data of the filtration step and the physical cleaning step;
Operation data recording means for recording the operation data;
A process selection means for selecting the filtration process or the physical cleaning process to determine a trouble;
Processing rule recording means for recording the processing rules of the operation data in advance;
Means for processing the operation data recorded in the operation data recording means based on the processing rule of the process selected by the process selection means to obtain processing data;
A set value recording means for recording a set value relating to the machining data in advance;
A trouble determination means for comparing the machining data with the set value and determining a trouble when the machining data deviates from the set value;
Trouble determination output means for outputting the determination of the trouble;
A trouble determination device for a fresh water generation system, comprising:   The trouble determination device for a fresh water generation system according to claim 10, wherein the trouble determination output means displays at least one of a cause and a countermeasure of the trouble.   It further comprises recording cycle setting means for setting the data recording cycles of the filtration step and the physical cleaning step to different cycles, and the recording cycle setting means sets the data recording cycle of the physical cleaning step shorter than the filtration step. The trouble determination device for a fresh water generation system according to claim 10 or 11, characterized in that:   The physical washing process has a back washing process, the process selecting means selects the back washing process, and the processing rule uses data of the amount of back washing water or the back washing flow used for the back washing. The trouble determination device for a fresh water generation system according to any one of claims 10 to 12, wherein   The physical washing process has at least one of an air washing process, a drainage process, and a water supply process, the process selection means selects the air washing process, the drainage process, and the water supply process, and the processing rule is The apparatus for determining a trouble in a fresh water generation system according to any one of claims 10 to 12, wherein pressure data on the raw water side of the separation membrane is used.   The physical cleaning process includes an air washing process and a water supply process, and the process selection means selects the air washing process and the water supply process, and the processing rule flows in air and raw water in each process. The trouble determination device for a fresh water generation system according to any one of claims 10 to 12, wherein the flow rate data is used.   The physical cleaning step includes a backwashing step performed by injecting chemicals, and the process selection means selects the backwashing step, and the processing rule is installed in the backwashing pipe, at least pH The trouble determination apparatus for a fresh water generation system according to any one of claims 10 to 12, wherein any one of data of a meter, a residual chlorine meter, and an ORP meter is used.   The said processing rule uses the filtration resistance raise degree of the said filtration process 1 cycle, and the physical washing | cleaning irreversible filtration rise degree after the said physical washing process, The any one of Claims 10-12 characterized by the above-mentioned. Trouble determination device for the desalination system described.   The trouble of the fresh water generation system according to any one of claims 10 to 17, wherein the trouble determination means determines that a trouble occurs when the processed data deviates from the set value continuously a plurality of times. Judgment device. A computer is used to determine the trouble of a fresh water generation system that repeats a filtration step of permeating treated water through a separation membrane to obtain treated water and a physical washing step of physically washing the separation membrane in a plurality of steps. ,
Operation data input means for inputting operation data of the filtration step and the physical cleaning step,
Operation data recording means for recording the operation data,
A process selection means for selecting the filtration process or the physical cleaning process to determine a trouble,
A processing rule recording means for recording a processing rule for the operation data in advance,
Means for processing the operation data recorded in the operation data recording means based on the processing rule of the process selected by the process selection means to obtain processing data;
A set value recording means for recording a set value relating to the machining data in advance;
A trouble determination means for comparing the machining data with the set value and determining a trouble when the machining data deviates from the set value;
Trouble determination output means for outputting the determination of the trouble,
A trouble determination program for a freshwater system characterized by functioning as   The trouble determination program for a fresh water generation system according to claim 19, wherein the trouble determination output means displays at least one of a cause and a countermeasure of the trouble.   The computer is further functioned as a recording cycle setting unit that sets different data recording cycles for the filtration step and the physical cleaning step, and the recording cycle setting unit records the data for the physical cleaning step more than the filtration step. The trouble determination program for a fresh water generation system according to claim 19 or 20, wherein the cycle is set short.   The physical washing process has a back washing process, the process selecting means selects the back washing process, and the processing rule uses data of the amount of back washing water or the back washing flow used for the back washing. The trouble determination program for the fresh water generation system according to any one of claims 19 to 21, wherein   The physical washing process has at least one of an air washing process, a drainage process, and a water supply process, the process selection means selects the air washing process, the drainage process, and the water supply process, and the processing rule is The trouble determination program for a fresh water generation system according to any one of claims 19 to 21, wherein pressure data on the raw water side of the separation membrane is used.   The physical cleaning process includes an air washing process and a water supply process, and the process selection means selects the air washing process and the water supply process, and the processing rule flows in air and raw water in each process. The trouble determination program for the fresh water generation system according to any one of claims 19 to 21, wherein the flow rate data is used.   The physical cleaning step includes a backwashing step performed by injecting chemicals, and the process selection means selects the backwashing step, and the processing rule is installed in the backwashing pipe, at least pH The trouble determination program for a fresh water generation system according to any one of claims 19 to 21, wherein data of any one of a meter, a residual chlorine meter, and an ORP meter is used.   The said processing rule uses the filtration resistance raise degree of the said filtration process 1 cycle, and the physical washing irreversible filtration rise degree after the said physical washing process, The any one of Claims 19-21 characterized by the above-mentioned. The program for judging troubles in the desalination system described.   The trouble of the fresh water generation system according to any one of claims 19 to 25, wherein the trouble determination means determines that a trouble occurs when the processing data deviates from the set value continuously a plurality of times. Judgment program. In order to manage the fresh water generation system, a computer functioning by a computer-readable recording medium in which the trouble determination program of the fresh water generation system according to any one of claims 1 to 9 is recorded.
A time predicting means for predicting a time for chemical cleaning or replacement of the separation membrane based on the operating data of the operating data recording means;
The operation data recording means records at least one operation data selected from a filtration pressure, a differential pressure, and a filtration speed, and the timing prediction means uses the data recorded by the operation data recording means to change the filtration pressure and filter. An analysis means for analyzing at least one filtration index among a differential pressure change, a filtration resistance change, and a filtration rate change;
From the filtration index obtained by the analysis means, filtration characteristic change prediction means for predicting at least one filtration characteristic change among filtration pressure, filtration resistance, and filtration speed,
As a computer-readable recording medium on which a management program for a fresh water generation system is recorded.   In addition to displaying a prediction curve based on the time prediction means as a graph, it also has a function of periodically making new predictions according to changes in operation data and / or a function of making new predictions when abnormalities occur. A computer-readable recording medium on which the management program for the fresh water generation system according to claim 28 is recorded.   30. A fresh water generation system according to claim 28 or 29, further comprising a notification means for outputting a notification alarm when the number of days until the chemical cleaning date or replacement date of the separation membrane calculated by the time prediction means is equal to or less than a specified number of days. A computer-readable recording medium on which the management program is recorded.   The fresh water management system management program according to any one of claims 28 to 30, further comprising a warning unit that outputs a warning alarm when a chemical cleaning date or a replacement date of the separation membrane is earlier than a preset scheduled date. A computer-readable recording medium on which is recorded.   When the chemical cleaning date or replacement date of the separation membrane is earlier than the preset scheduled date, the filtration conditions and the chemical cleaning date or replacement date are set so that the chemical cleaning date or replacement date matches or is later than the scheduled date. The computer-readable recording medium which recorded the management program of the desalination system of any one of Claims 28-31 which has an operation condition change means which changes a washing condition.   The said operating condition change means has recorded the management program of the fresh water generation system of Claim 32 which further has a function which determines an operation cost prediction function and a filtration condition and / or a washing | cleaning condition so that an operation cost may become the lowest. Computer-readable recording medium. The fresh water generation system includes a chemical addition means for adding at least one chemical among a flocculant, a reducing agent, a bactericidal agent, and a scale control agent to the water to be treated, and the operating condition changing means is the addition of the chemical. The computer-readable recording medium which recorded the management program of the fresh water generation system of Claim 32 or 33 which further has the function to change a rate.

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