WO2017215404A1 - 快速滑移台钳及快速滑移咬合部件 - Google Patents

快速滑移台钳及快速滑移咬合部件 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017215404A1
WO2017215404A1 PCT/CN2017/085145 CN2017085145W WO2017215404A1 WO 2017215404 A1 WO2017215404 A1 WO 2017215404A1 CN 2017085145 W CN2017085145 W CN 2017085145W WO 2017215404 A1 WO2017215404 A1 WO 2017215404A1
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Prior art keywords
moving rod
missing
rod
flat cam
radial
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PCT/CN2017/085145
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English (en)
French (fr)
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乔甡
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乔甡
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Publication of WO2017215404A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017215404A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25B—TOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING OR HOLDING
    • B25B1/00—Vices
    • B25B1/02—Vices with sliding jaws
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25B—TOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING OR HOLDING
    • B25B1/00—Vices
    • B25B1/06—Arrangements for positively actuating jaws
    • B25B1/10—Arrangements for positively actuating jaws using screws
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25B—TOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING OR HOLDING
    • B25B1/00—Vices
    • B25B1/24—Details, e.g. jaws of special shape, slideways
    • B25B1/2405—Construction of the jaws

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a quick-slip vise for mechanically clamping a workpiece and a quick-slip nip member that can be used for a fast-slip clamping mechanism.
  • Ordinary vise, pliers and other clamping mechanisms usually include a movable cymbal and a fixed cymbal, a nut is arranged on the fixed cymbal, and a screw matched with the nut is arranged on the movable cymbal to push the movable ⁇ forward or backward by the rotation of the screw.
  • the clamping device needs to rotate a larger number of turns to reach the clamping position when the working stroke is large, so the operation time is long and the operation efficiency is low.
  • the patent CN102699839A discloses a clamping mechanism that can advance and retreat rapidly, and the operation action is: rotating the handle forwardly, driving the force applying nut 05 and the thread of the front section of the moving rod 03, so that the moving rod 03
  • the flat screw neck 034 of the rear section is rotated 90° in the forward direction to engage with the missing nut 04.
  • the limit block 032 is in the limit position
  • the moving rod 03 stops rotating.
  • the rotating handle is driven to apply the force nut 05 to drive the activity ⁇ 02.
  • the above action requirement is that the flat screw 034 is engaged with the missing nut 04 without axial load.
  • the force nut 05 and the front thread of the moving rod 03; the rear flat screw 034 thread and the thread in the missing nut 04 are simultaneously subjected to the same axial force.
  • the resistance torque in the force-applying nut 05 is greater than the missing tooth because the thread diameter in the force-applying nut 05 is larger than the thread diameter in the missing nut 04.
  • the resistance torque in the nut 04 when the reverse handle releases the workpiece, the incomplete thread of the missing nut 04 and the flat screw 034 is loosened first, and the force nut 05 and the front end of the moving rod 03 are loosened.
  • the improved clamping mechanism is capable of clamping the workpiece quickly and efficiently.
  • the above structure has the following problems:
  • the present invention discloses a quick-slip vise and a quick-slip nip component, which adopts a mechanical program control action, which not only provides rapid slippage, long service life and easy processing, low manufacturing cost, and convenient and reliable operation.
  • Quick-slip vise, and a shaft-and-sleeve quick-slip occlusion structure for quick-closing clamping mechanism so that the cooperating shaft and sleeve can move freely axially relative to each other in a fast slip state And can withstand axial clamping in the bite state force.
  • a quick-slip table includes a fixed cymbal and an movable cymbal that are movable relative to the front and rear, the movable cymbal having a radial limiting block that is sleeved on the neck of a moving rod
  • the moving rod can move forward or backward relative to the movable cymbal under the guidance of the radial limiting block;
  • the front section of the moving rod has a section of the force screw, and a force applying nut is fitted on the force screw, and the force nut is applied
  • the utility model comprises a force applying nut flange, and a limit cover is arranged outside the force applying nut.
  • a quick-slip nip member includes a moving rod having a flat cam rod and a sprocket mating with the flat cam rod, the flat cam rod being on a cylinder having a ring-shaped groove, in a ring shape
  • the groove cylinder surface is machined with a pair of longitudinal cutting faces whose angular positions are different by 180°, and the annular groove cylinder at the longitudinal cutting face is cut to form a plurality of non-circular cams, and the flat cam rod is worn in a missing socket mother
  • the edentulous slot mother cuts a plurality of molars on the basis of a cylindrical hole, and processes a pair of longitudinal missing portions with an angular position difference of 180° on the inner surface of the edentulous slot, and a groove of the inner ring at the missing portion
  • the tooth is removed by cutting; when the non-circular cam of the flat cam rod is rotated to engage with the molar of the missing slot mother, the flat cam rod cannot move axially within
  • the radial limit block plays the role of the guide sleeve and the limit block at the same time, and the utilization of the parts is more reasonable.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a fast slip state in an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a fast clamping state in an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic enlarged plan view showing a C-C cross section of a flat cam rod and a sulcus slot in a state of rapid slip in the embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 8 is a detailed structural view of the direction of the end face clutch D-D in the embodiment of the present invention.
  • the longitudinal missing portion 041 having a position difference of 180°, and the molar ring 042 of the inner ring at the missing portion 041 Cutting removal; when the non-circular cam 039 of the flat cam lever 036 is rotated to engage with the slot 042 of the sulcus bearing spring 04, the radial limiting block claw 065 of the radial limiting block 06 and a pair of forward limit When the face 064 is in contact with the limit, the flat cam lever 036 cannot move axially within the missing slot spring 04; when the non-circular cam 039 of the flat cam lever 036 is rotated to disengage from the slot 042 of the missing slot female 04, The radial limiting block claw 065 of the radial limiting block 06 is in contact with the pair of reverse limiting limiting surfaces 066. At this time, the flat cam lever 036 can axially slide in the missing socket female 04, the missing tooth The slot mother 04 is mounted on the fixed jaw 01.
  • the longitudinal missing portion 041 differs by 180°, and the notch 042 of the inner ring is cut and removed at the missing portion 041; when the non-circular cam 039 of the flat cam lever 036 is rotated to engage with the molar 042 of the missing socket female 04, this The flat cam lever 036 cannot move axially within the missing slot spring 04; when the non-circular cam 039 of the flat cam lever 036 is rotated to disengage from the slot 042 of the missing slot female 04, the flat cam lever 036 can It slides axially in the missing socket mother 04.
  • the urging nut 05 rotationally drives the force receiving screw 031 of the head of the moving rod 03, at which time the end face claw 075 of the end clutch 07 has entered the end face groove 063 of the limiting block 06, and the end clutch Under the control of the waist hole of 07, the flat cam lever 036 cannot rotate, and only the thread between the force applying nut 05 and the force receiving screw 031 of the head of the moving rod 03 can be loosened, and the clamping force of the movable jaw 02 on the workpiece is released. .
  • the working process of the embodiment of the present invention is as follows: the non-circular cam 039 of the flat cam lever 036 is first rotated to engage with the slot 042 of the missing slot spring 04, and then the force is applied to the head of the moving rod 03 and the moving rod 03.
  • the thread between the screws 031 re-locks the vise; the thread between the urging nut 05 and the force receiving screw 031 of the head of the moving rod 03 is loosened before releasing, and the non-circular cam 039 of the rear flat cam 036 is rotated again. It is separated from the molar 042 of the edentulous mother 04.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Gripping Jigs, Holding Jigs, And Positioning Jigs (AREA)
  • Transmission Devices (AREA)

Abstract

一种快速滑移台钳，包括可相对前后移动开合的固定颚（01）和活动颚（02），活动颚上具有一个径向限位块（06），该径向限位块套接在一个移动杆（03）的颈部，移动杆上还套有一个可随移动杆转动并可相对移动杆滑动的端面离合器（07），移动杆的后段为一段扁凸轮杆（036），扁凸轮杆穿在一个缺牙槽母（04）中；一种快速滑移咬合部，包括具有扁凸轮杆的移动杆和与扁凸轮杆配合的缺牙槽母，当扁凸轮杆的非圆凸轮（039）转动至与缺牙槽母的槽牙（042）咬合时，扁凸轮杆不能在缺牙槽母内轴向移动，当扁凸轮杆的非圆凸轮转动至与缺牙槽母的槽牙脱开时，扁凸轮杆能够在缺牙槽母内轴向滑动。该快速滑移台钳及快速滑移咬合部件使用寿命长、易于加工、制造成本低。

Description

快速滑移台钳及快速滑移咬合部件 技术领域
本发明涉及用于对工件进行机械夹紧的快速滑移台钳以及可用于快速滑移夹紧机构的快速滑移咬合部件。
技术背景
普通的台钳、平口钳等夹紧机构通常包括活动颚及固定颚，固定颚上设置螺母，活动颚上设置与螺母配合的螺杆，通过螺杆的旋转进退推动活动颚前进或者后退，这种结构的夹紧装置在工作行程大的时候需要旋转较多的圈数才能达到夹紧位置，因此操作时间长，操作效率低。为了克服普通夹紧结构的缺陷，专利CN102699839A公开了一种可快速进退的夹紧机构，其操作动作为：正向旋转手柄，驱动施力螺母05和移动杆03前段的螺纹，使得移动杆03后段的扁螺杆颈部034正向旋转90°与缺牙螺母04咬合，当限位块032发生限位时，移动杆03停止旋转，此时继续旋转手柄驱动施力螺母05驱动活动颚02夹紧工件，上述动作要求是扁螺杆034与缺牙螺母04咬合时是在没有轴向载荷的情况下。夹紧工件时：施力螺母05与移动杆03前段螺纹；后段扁螺杆034螺纹与缺牙螺母04内的螺纹都同时承受相等的轴向力。松开工件时，反转手柄在上述轴向力一致的情况下，因施力螺母05内的螺纹直径大于缺牙螺母04内的螺纹直径，所以施力螺母05内产生的阻力矩大于缺牙螺母04内的阻力矩，当反转手柄松开工件时，缺牙螺母04与扁螺杆034的不完整螺纹先松脱，施力螺母05与移动杆03前端螺纹后松脱。改进后的夹紧机构能够快速高效的夹紧工件，然而上述结构存在以下问题：
1、由于扁螺杆034与缺牙螺母04咬合时，两者的不完整螺纹之间有尖角啮合，所以尖角处啮合困难且易损坏；2、扁螺杆034与缺牙螺母04咬合时，由于两者具有螺纹升角，所以咬合时会发生相对轴向移动，该移动需要机构予以补偿，使得机构结构复杂、夹紧刚度下降；3、移动杆03的旋转定位是由032的限位块实现的，限位块032受力时对移动杆03会有附加径向力，驱使移动杆03偏离自身中心线，影响动作实现；4、因为缺牙螺母04和扁螺杆034后段都不是完整螺纹，两者松脱时螺纹咬合面是由大至小的，不完整螺纹是在有载荷状况下脱离的，脱离的瞬间会有顿挫，容易损坏螺纹，造成动作失灵。
发明内容
为了解决上述问题，本发明公开了一种快速滑移台钳及快速滑移咬合部件，采用机械程序控制动作，不仅提供可快速滑移，使用寿命长并且易于加工、制造成本低、操作方便可靠的快速滑移台钳，而且提供一种轴、套配合的可用于快速开合夹紧机构的快速滑移咬合结构，使相配合的轴、套在快速滑移状态下可自由轴向相对移动，而在咬合状态下可承受轴向夹持 力。
本发明是通过以下技术方案实施的：
一种快速滑移台，包括有可相对前后移动开合的固定颚与活动颚，所述活动颚上具有一个径向限位块，该径向限位块套接在一个移动杆的颈部，移动杆可在径向限位块的导向下与活动颚相对前后移动或旋转运动；所述移动杆的前段具有一段受力螺杆，受力螺杆上配合安装有一个施力螺母，施力螺母包括施力螺母凸缘，施力螺母外部还有一个限位盖，施力螺母在受力螺杆上向后旋进时施力螺母的后端面对径向限位块的前端面施加轴向压力；所述径向限位块可限制移动杆相对活动颚旋转移动，所述移动杆上还套有一个可随移动杆转动并可相对移动杆滑动的端面离合器，所述端面离合器与活动颚基体上的一对径向限位块配合将移动杆的转动角度范围限制在90°内；当移动杆颈部限位面产生轴向移动时可控制端面离合器与径向限位块之间的开合，当端面离合器与径向限位块闭合时移动杆不能转动，当施力螺母反转时移动杆产生轴向位移使移动杆颈部限位面的台阶面顶开端面离合器使端面离合器凸爪与径向限位块端面槽脱离，端面离合器与径向限位块之间即打开呈解锁状态，所述端面离合器后设有压簧及弹簧限位销；所述移动杆的后段为一段扁凸轮杆，所述扁凸轮杆是在具有环型槽的圆柱体基础上，在环型槽圆柱体面加工出一对角度位置相差180°的纵向切削面，在纵向切削面处的环型槽圆柱体被切削形成多个非圆凸轮，所述扁凸轮杆穿在一个缺牙槽母中，所述缺牙槽母是在一个圆柱孔基础上切出了数个槽牙，在缺牙槽母内面加工出一对角度位置相差180°的纵向缺失部，在缺失部处内环的槽牙被切削去除；当扁凸轮杆的非圆凸轮转动至与缺牙槽母的槽牙咬合时，径向限位块的径向限位块凸爪与一对正转限位面接触限位，此时扁凸轮杆不能在缺牙槽母内轴向移动；当扁凸轮杆的非圆凸轮转动至与缺牙槽母的槽牙脱开时，径向限位块的径向限位块凸爪与一对反转限位面接触限位，此时扁凸轮杆能够在缺牙槽母内轴向滑动，所述缺牙槽母安装在固定颚上。
所述移动杆的后端设有限位螺母。
一种快速滑移咬合部件，包括具有扁凸轮杆的移动杆和与所述扁凸轮杆配合的缺牙槽母，所述扁凸轮杆是在具有环型槽的圆柱体基础上，在环型槽圆柱体面加工出一对角度位置相差180°的纵向切削面，在纵向切削面处的环型槽圆柱体被切削形成多个非圆凸轮，所述扁凸轮杆穿在一个缺牙槽母中，所述缺牙槽母是在一个圆柱孔基础上切出了数个槽牙，在缺牙槽母内面加工出一对角度位置相差180°的纵向缺失部，在缺失部处内环的槽牙被切削去除；当扁凸轮杆的非圆凸轮转动至与缺牙槽母的槽牙咬合时，此时扁凸轮杆不能在缺牙槽母内轴向移动；当扁凸轮杆的非圆凸轮转动至与缺牙槽母的槽牙脱开时，此时扁凸轮杆能够在缺牙槽母内轴向滑动。
与现有技术相比，本发明的有益效果是：
1、构成本发明快速滑移咬合部件的扁凸轮杆和缺牙槽母可以在普通圆柱体杆和常规内孔的基础上通过简单的切削加工而成，并且零件极少，相对现有快速夹紧结构中的快速滑移咬合部件，其制造工艺大大简化，从而可大幅度降低制造成本；
2、本发明的快速滑移台钳在操作过程中，可以通过一对限位块与限位面的接触限位，使作用力平衡，操作更加方便、可靠；
3、本发明的快速滑移台钳在操作过程中，在径向限位块和端面离合器的作用下，外部施力螺母与扁凸轮杆的动作顺序合理，使得各零件的受力也更合理；
4、本发明扁凸轮杆的凸起部分与缺牙槽母中的槽形强度好，没有尖角存在，扁凸轮杆的凸起部分与缺牙槽母中的槽形没有径向相对角度，可以瞬间啮合；
5、在移动杆颈部限位面、径向限位块和端面离合器的作用下，外部施力螺母与扁凸轮杆的动作顺序合理，使得在松开活动颚时先松开外部施力螺母，后松开扁凸轮杆与缺牙槽母的槽形咬合。各零件的受力也更合理，提高了机构的寿命和可靠性；
6、径向限位块同时起到导向套及限位块的作用，零部件利用更合理。
附图说明
图1是本发明实施例中快速滑移状态下的结构示意图；
图2是本发明实施例中快速夹紧状态下的结构示意图；
图3是本发明实施例中快速滑移状态下的扁凸轮杆和缺牙槽母C-C方向截面的放大结构示意图；
图4是本发明实施例中咬合状态下的扁凸轮杆和缺牙槽母B-B方向截面的放大结构示意图；
图5是本发明实施例中扁凸轮杆和缺牙槽母A-A方向剖切面的放大结构示意图；
图6是本发明实施例中咬合状态下的径向限位块和端面离合器位置的截面放大结构示意图；
图7是本发明实施例中快速滑移状态下的径向限位块和端面离合器位置的截面放大结构示意图；
图8是本发明实施例中端面离合器D-D方向的详细结构示意图；
图9是本发明实施例中径向限位块E-E方向的详细结构示意图。
附图中：01、固定颚；02、活动颚；021、玻璃管下口；03、移动杆；031、受力螺杆；032、受力螺杆限位面；033、限位螺母；034、移动杆颈部限位面；035、弹簧限位销；036、扁凸轮杆；037、环形槽；038、纵向切削面；039、非圆凸轮；04、缺牙槽母；041、缺失部； 042、槽牙；05、施力螺母；051、施力螺母凸缘；06、径向限位块；061、径向限位块滑动面；062、径向限位块反转锁止面；063、径向限位块端面槽；064、正转限位面；065、限位块凸爪；066、反转限位面；07、端面离合器；071、端面离合器滑动面；072、端面离合器反转锁止面；073、端面离合器端面槽；074、端面离合器正转限位面；075、端面离合器凸爪；076、端面离合器反转限位面；08、限位盖；09、压簧；10、手柄。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例对本发明最进一步的详细说明：
一种快速滑移台，包括有可相对前后移动开合的固定颚01与活动颚02，所述活动颚02上具有一个径向限位块06，该径向限位块06套接在一个移动杆03的颈部，移动杆03可在径向限位块06的导向下与活动颚02相对前后移动或旋转运动；所述移动杆03的前段具有一段受力螺杆031，受力螺杆031上配合安装有一个施力螺母05，施力螺母05包括施力螺母凸缘051，施力螺母05外部还有一个限位盖08，施力螺母05在受力螺杆031上向后旋进时施力螺母05的后端面对径向限位块06的前端面施加轴向压力；所述径向限位块06可限制移动杆03相对活动颚02旋转移动，所述移动杆03上还套有一个可随移动杆转动并可相对移动杆滑动的端面离合器07，所述端面离合器07与活动颚02基体上的一对径向限位块06配合将移动杆03的转动角度范围限制在90°内；当移动杆颈部限位面034产生轴向移动时可控制端面离合器07与径向限位块06之间的开合，当端面离合器07与径向限位块06闭合时移动杆03不能转动，当施力螺母05反转时移动杆03产生轴向位移使移动杆颈部限位面034的台阶面顶开端面离合器07使端面离合器凸爪075与径向限位块端面槽063脱离，端面离合器07与径向限位块06之间即打开呈解锁状态，所述端面离合器07后设有压簧09及弹簧限位销35；所述移动杆03的后段为一段扁凸轮杆036，所述扁凸轮杆036是在具有环型槽037的圆柱体基础上，在环型槽037圆柱体面加工出一对角度位置相差180°的纵向切削面038，在纵向切削面038处的环型槽037圆柱体被切削形成多个非圆凸轮039，所述扁凸轮杆036穿在一个缺牙槽母04中，所述缺牙槽母04是在一个圆柱孔基础上切出了数个槽牙042，在缺牙槽母04内面加工出一对角度位置相差180°的纵向缺失部041，在缺失部041处内环的槽牙042被切削去除；当扁凸轮杆036的非圆凸轮039转动至与缺牙槽母04的槽牙042咬合时，径向限位块06的径向限位块凸爪065与一对正转限位面064接触限位，此时扁凸轮杆036不能在缺牙槽母04内轴向移动；当扁凸轮杆036的非圆凸轮039转动至与缺牙槽母04的槽牙042脱开时，径向限位块06的径向限位块凸爪065与一对反转限位面066接触限位，此时扁凸轮杆036能够在缺牙槽母04内轴向滑动，所述缺牙槽母04安装在固定颚01上。
所述移动杆03的后端设有限位螺母033。
一种快速滑移咬合部件，包括具有扁凸轮杆036的移动杆03和与所述扁凸轮杆036配合的缺牙槽母04，所述扁凸轮杆036是在具有环型槽037的圆柱体基础上，在环型槽037圆柱体面加工出一对角度位置相差180°的纵向切削面038，在纵向切削面038处的环型槽037圆柱体被切削形成多个非圆凸轮039，所述扁凸轮杆036穿在一个缺牙槽母04中，所述缺牙槽母04是在一个圆柱孔基础上切出了数个槽牙042，在缺牙槽母04内面加工出一对角度位置相差180°的纵向缺失部041，在缺失部041处内环的槽牙042被切削去除；当扁凸轮杆036的非圆凸轮039转动至与缺牙槽母04的槽牙042咬合时，此时扁凸轮杆036不能在缺牙槽母04内轴向移动；当扁凸轮杆036的非圆凸轮039转动至与缺牙槽母04的槽牙042脱开时，此时扁凸轮杆036能够在缺牙槽母04内轴向滑动。
如说明书附图图2所示，快速滑移台钳包括有可相对前后移动开合的固定颚01与活动颚02，活动颚02上具有一个径向限位块06，该径向限位块06套接在一个移动杆03的颈部，移动杆03可在径向限位块06的导向下与活动颚02相对前后移动或旋转运动；移动杆03的前段具有一段受力螺杆031，受力螺杆031上配合安装有一个施力螺母05，施力螺母05包括施力螺母凸缘051，施力螺母05外部还有一个限位盖08，施力螺母05在受力螺杆031上向后旋进时施力螺母05的后端面对径向限位块06的前端面施加轴向压力；径向限位块06可限制移动杆03相对活动颚02旋转移动，移动杆03上还套有一个可随移动杆转动并可相对移动杆滑动的端面离合器07，端面离合器07与活动颚02基体上的一对径向限位块06配合将移动杆03的转动角度范围限制在90°内；当移动杆颈部限位面034产生轴向移动时可控制端面离合器07与径向限位块06之间的开合，当端面离合器07与径向限位块06闭合时移动杆03不能转动，端面离合器07后设有压簧09及弹簧限位销35；移动杆03的后段为一段扁凸轮杆036，扁凸轮杆036是在具有环型槽037的圆柱体基础上，在环型槽037圆柱体面加工出一对角度位置相差180°的纵向切削面038，在纵向切削面038处的环型槽037圆柱体被切削形成多个非圆凸轮039，扁凸轮杆036穿在一个缺牙槽母04中，缺牙槽母04是在一个圆柱孔基础上切出了数个槽牙042，在缺牙槽母04内面加工出一对角度位置相差180°的纵向缺失部041，在缺失部041处内环的槽牙042被切削去除。当扁凸轮杆036的非圆凸轮039转动至与缺牙槽母04的槽牙042咬合时，径向限位块的径向限位块凸爪065与一对正转限位面064接触限位，此时扁凸轮杆036不能在缺牙槽母04内轴向移动，工件被夹紧。
当反转手柄10松脱时，施力螺母05旋转驱动移动杆03头部的受力螺杆031，此时端面离合器07的端面爪075已陷入限位块06的端面槽063中，在端面离合器07的腰孔控制下扁凸轮杆036不能旋转，只能松脱施力螺母05与移动杆03头部的受力螺杆031之间的螺纹，同时松脱了活动颚02对工件的夹紧力。当施力螺母05继续旋转时在限位盖08的控制下移 动杆03产生的轴向位移使移动杆颈部限位面034的台阶面顶开端面离合器07使端面离合器凸爪075与限位块06的端面槽063脱离，端面离合器07与径向限位块06之间即打开呈解锁状态，此时扁凸轮杆036与缺牙槽母04之间的轴向载荷已去除，在施力螺母05与移动杆03头部的受力螺杆031之间螺纹的径向分力驱动下，扁凸轮杆036的非圆凸轮039转动至与缺牙槽母04的缺失部041与槽牙042脱开，直至端面离合器凸爪075的反转限位面076与径向限位块凸爪065与的一对正转限位面064接触限位，台钳进入了图1实施例中快速滑移状态，此时移动杆03的轴向移动不受限制，可以拉动手柄10带动活动颚02离开工件。
本发明实施例工作过程如下：夹紧时扁凸轮杆036的非圆凸轮039先转动至与缺牙槽母04的槽牙042咬合，而后通过施力螺母05与移动杆03头部的受力螺杆031之间的螺纹再锁紧台钳；松脱时施力螺母05与移动杆03头部的受力螺杆031之间的螺纹先松脱，而后扁凸轮杆036的非圆凸轮039再转动至与缺牙槽母04的槽牙042脱离。
综上所述，仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已，并非用来限定本发明实施的范围，凡依本发明权利要求范围所述的形状、构造、特征及精神所为的均等变化与修饰，均应包括于本发明的权利要求范围内。

Claims (3)

  1. 一种快速滑移台，包括有可相对前后移动开合的固定颚(01)与活动颚(02)，其特征在于：所述活动颚(02)上具有一个径向限位块(06)，该径向限位块(06)套接在一个移动杆(03)的颈部，移动杆(03)可在径向限位块(06)的导向下与活动颚(02)相对前后移动或旋转运动；所述移动杆(03)的前段具有一段受力螺杆(031)，受力螺杆(031)上配合安装有一个施力螺母(05)，施力螺母(05)包括施力螺母凸缘(051)，施力螺母(05)外部还有一个限位盖(08)，施力螺母(05)在受力螺杆(031)上向后旋进时施力螺母(05)的后端面对径向限位块(06)的前端面施加轴向压力；所述径向限位块(06)可限制移动杆(03)相对活动颚(02)旋转移动，所述移动杆(03)上还套有一个可随移动杆转动并可相对移动杆滑动的端面离合器(07)，所述端面离合器(07)与活动颚(02)基体上的一对径向限位块(06)配合将移动杆(03)的转动角度范围限制在90°内；当移动杆颈部限位面(034)产生轴向移动时可控制端面离合器(07)和径向限位块(06)之间的开合，当端面离合器(07)与径向限位块(06)闭合时移动杆(03)不能转动，当施力螺母(05)反转时移动杆(03)产生轴向位移使移动杆颈部限位面(034)的台阶面顶开端面离合器(07)使端面离合器凸爪(075)与径向限位块端面槽(063)脱离，端面离合器(07)与径向限位块(06)之间即打开呈解锁状态，所述端面离合器(07)后设有压簧(09)及弹簧限位销(35)；所述移动杆(03)的后段为一段扁凸轮杆(036)，所述扁凸轮杆(036)是在具有环型槽(037)的圆柱体基础上，在环型槽(037)圆柱体面加工出一对角度位置相差180°的纵向切削面(038)，在纵向切削面(038)处的环型槽(037)圆柱体被切削形成多个非圆凸轮(039)，所述扁凸轮杆(036)穿在一个缺牙槽母(04)中，所述缺牙槽母(04)是在一个圆柱孔基础上切出了数个槽牙(042)，在缺牙槽母(04)内面加工出一对角度位置相差180°的纵向缺失部(041)，在缺失部(041)处内环的槽牙(042)被切削去除；当扁凸轮杆(036)的非圆凸轮(039)转动至与缺牙槽母(04)的槽牙(042)咬合时，径向限位块(06)的径向限位块凸爪(065)与一对正转限位面(064)接触限位，此时扁凸轮杆(036)不能在缺牙槽母(04)内轴向移动；当扁凸轮杆(036)的非圆凸轮(039)转动至与缺牙槽母(04)的槽牙(042)脱开时，径向限位块(06)的径向限位块凸爪(065)与一对反转限位面(066)接触限位，此时扁凸轮杆(036)能够在缺牙槽母(04)内轴向滑动，所述缺牙槽母(04)安装在固定颚(01)上。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的快速滑移台，其特征在于：所述移动杆(03)的后端设有限位螺母(033)。
  3. 一种快速滑移咬合部件，其特征在于：包括具有扁凸轮杆(036)的移动杆(03)和与所述扁凸轮杆(036)配合的缺牙槽母(04)，所述扁凸轮杆(036)是在具有环型槽(037)的圆柱体基础上，在环型槽(037)圆柱体面加工出一对角度位置相差180°的纵向切削面(038)，在纵向切削面(038)处的环型槽(037)圆柱体被切削形成多个非圆凸轮(039)，所述扁凸轮杆(036)穿在一个缺牙槽母(04)中，所述缺牙槽母(04)是在一个圆柱孔基础上切出了数个槽牙(042)，在缺牙槽母(04)内面加工出一对角度位置相差180°的纵向缺失部(041)，在缺失部(041)处内环的槽牙(042)被切削去除；当扁凸轮杆(036)的非圆凸轮(039)转动至与缺牙槽母(04)的槽牙(042)咬合时，此时扁凸轮杆(036)不能在缺牙槽母(04)内轴向移动；当扁凸轮杆(036)的非圆凸轮(039)转动至与缺牙槽母(04)的槽牙(042)脱开时，此时扁凸轮杆(036)能够在缺牙槽母(04)内轴向滑动。
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