WO2017215271A1 - 一种伸缩梯子 - Google Patents

一种伸缩梯子 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017215271A1
WO2017215271A1 PCT/CN2017/072012 CN2017072012W WO2017215271A1 WO 2017215271 A1 WO2017215271 A1 WO 2017215271A1 CN 2017072012 W CN2017072012 W CN 2017072012W WO 2017215271 A1 WO2017215271 A1 WO 2017215271A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
ladder
safety
rod
slider
tube
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PCT/CN2017/072012
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
潘跃进
Original Assignee
潘跃进
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 潘跃进 filed Critical 潘跃进
Priority to DK17812389.9T priority Critical patent/DK3428381T3/da
Priority to US17/257,288 priority patent/US20210270086A1/en
Priority to EP17812389.9A priority patent/EP3428381B1/en
Publication of WO2017215271A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017215271A1/zh

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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
    • E06C—LADDERS
    • E06C1/00—Ladders in general
    • E06C1/02—Ladders in general with rigid longitudinal member or members
    • E06C1/04—Ladders for resting against objects, e.g. walls poles, trees
    • E06C1/08—Ladders for resting against objects, e.g. walls poles, trees multi-part
    • E06C1/12—Ladders for resting against objects, e.g. walls poles, trees multi-part extensible, e.g. telescopic
    • E06C1/125—Ladders for resting against objects, e.g. walls poles, trees multi-part extensible, e.g. telescopic with tubular longitudinal members nested within each other
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
    • E06C—LADDERS
    • E06C1/00—Ladders in general
    • E06C1/02—Ladders in general with rigid longitudinal member or members
    • E06C1/38—Special constructions of ladders, e.g. ladders with more or less than two longitudinal members, ladders with movable rungs or other treads, longitudinally-foldable ladders
    • E06C1/383—Foldable ladders in which the longitudinal members are brought together on folding
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
    • E06C—LADDERS
    • E06C7/00—Component parts, supporting parts, or accessories
    • E06C7/08—Special construction of longitudinal members, or rungs or other treads
    • E06C7/082—Connections between rungs or treads and longitudinal members

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a ladder, in particular a telescopic ladder.
  • the telescopic ladder is a necessity for the climbing operation of the stretchable and retractable storage.
  • the retractable ladder is mostly disposed at the left and right ends of the second step of the lower part of the ladder.
  • the present invention provides a telescopic ladder which effectively avoids the safety hazard caused by the manual operation and improves the safety performance.
  • the utility model relates to a telescopic ladder, which comprises two longitudinally arranged ladder columns and a plurality of horizontally arranged steps, each of which is sleeved by a large to small pipe, and the upper ends of the two pipes of the same diameter
  • a foot surface contraction switch operated by a foot surface is disposed under the first step of the lower portion of the ladder, the foot surface contraction switch includes an operation rod, and the operation rod is fixed with an operation rubber pad, the operation rod
  • Each end of the transmission rod is in contact with the lower end of a transmission rod, and the upper end of the transmission rod is in contact with one end of the second step of the latch switch,
  • the other end of the latch switch is hinged in the middle of the latch by a round pin, and the front end of the latch cooperates with the positioning holes of the two ladder posts corresponding to the second step, and the rear end of the latch touches the reset
  • the return spring is located in a latch seat, and the latch seat is fixed in the second step.
  • the telescopic ladder further includes an anti-misoperation insurance mechanism
  • the anti-misoperation insurance mechanism includes a safety block
  • the safety block is fixed on the operation rod
  • a safety switch is disposed outside the step
  • a fixed fuse box is provided, wherein the fuse box is provided with a slider, a safety spring, a flap and a torsion spring, wherein the safety switch is linked with the slider, and one end of the slider is in contact with the safety spring, the insurance
  • the other end of the spring is fixed in the fuse box, the other end of the slider is engaged with the blocking piece, the blocking piece is rotatably mounted on a fulcrum in the fuse box, and the torsion spring is mounted on the fulcrum at the sliding
  • the safety box at the joint of the block and the blocking piece has a hole for the safety block to extend; when the unlocking is not implemented, the safety block on the operating rod is in contact with the sliding block through the opening formed in the bottom surface of the step; when the unlocking is performed, the safety
  • the telescopic ladder further includes an anti-misoperation mechanism
  • the anti-misoperation mechanism includes a bracket
  • the operating lever includes a left operating lever connected to the left ladder pillar and a right operating lever connected to the right ladder pillar.
  • An operating rubber pad is respectively mounted on the left operating lever and the right operating lever, a right end of the left operating lever is hinged to a lower left end of the bracket, and a left end of the right operating lever is hinged to a lower right end of the bracket, and the bracket is The upper part is fixed on the step.
  • the ladder further includes a descending mechanism, the descending mechanism is disposed between the adjacent ladder column tubes, and the descending mechanism includes an upper sealing disk disposed in the tube, the upper sealing plate and the The pipe is sealed; the lower sealing plate is arranged in the adjacent lower pipe.
  • the sealing disc is sealingly connected to the adjacent lower tube, and the lower sealing disc is provided with a vent hole.
  • the venting opening includes a small hole in the bottom surface of the lower sealing disk and a notch in the side of the lower sealing disk.
  • the periphery of the upper sealing disk has a thin, top-down tapered surface, the upper end of the inclined surface has a size greater than or equal to the inner dimension of the tube, and the upper sealing disk closely fits the inner wall of the tube;
  • the lower end of each tube is located at an end face in the radial direction with a ring-shaped inwardly extending limiting step;
  • the periphery of the lower sealing disk also has a thin, cylindrical or conical bevel, the cylinder
  • the size of the face or bevel is greater than or equal to the inner dimension of the lower adjacent larger tube, and the lower sealing disk fits snugly against the inner wall of the larger tube.
  • a connecting plate is disposed between the upper sealing plate and the lower sealing plate, and the upper sealing plate is provided with a positioning rod, and the connecting plate is provided with a positioning through hole through which the positioning rod passes, the lower sealing A positioning blind hole for inserting the positioning rod is provided on the disc.
  • the technical idea of the present invention is that the telescopic ladder of the shrink switch is operated by the foot surface, and while the shrink switch is operated by the foot surface, the hands can be lifted to support the higher position of the ladder, and the center of gravity of the ladder can be stably held, significantly Avoiding the safety hazard of the ladder falling due to the position of the support ladder being too low when the user bends down or knees down to operate the shrink switch; and further provides a slow-down technique that can make the ladder contraction and slow down. The safety of the ladder is further improved.
  • the beneficial effects of the invention are mainly manifested in: effectively avoiding safety hazards caused by hand operation and improving safety.
  • 1 is an appearance view of a contracted state and an extended state of an extension ladder, (a) being a contracted state, and (b) being an extended state;
  • Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of the foot surface operation shrink switch
  • FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of the anti-misoperation safety mechanism derived from the foot surface operation shrink switch on the basis of FIG. 2;
  • FIG. 4 is a partial enlarged view of FIG. 3, in which (a) is in an unlocked state, (b) is in a state in which unlocking is performed, and (c) is in a state in which a ladder is contracted.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of the foot operated shrink switch having the anti-misoperation design derived on the basis of FIG. 2; FIG.
  • Figure 6 is a structural exploded view of the descending mechanism
  • Figure 7 is a cross-sectional view showing the state structure during the contraction of the descending mechanism
  • Figure 8 is a partial enlarged view of A of Figure 7.
  • a telescopic ladder includes two vertically arranged ladder columns and a plurality of horizontally arranged steps, each of which is sleeved by a large to small pipe, the same
  • the step is disposed between the upper ends of the two pipes of the caliber, and the foot surface contraction switch operated by the foot surface is disposed under the first step of the lower portion of the ladder, the foot surface contraction switch includes an operation rod, and the operation rod is fixedly operated a rubber pad, two ends of the operating rod are respectively in contact with a lower end of a transmission rod, an upper end of the transmission rod is in contact with one end of a second step latch switch, and the other end of the pin switch is passed through a
  • the round pin is hinged in the middle of the pin, the front end of the pin is engaged with the positioning holes of the two ladder columns corresponding to the second step, the rear end of the pin is in contact with the return spring, and the return spring is located in the pin seat
  • the latch seat is fixed in the second step.
  • the telescopic ladder further includes an anti-misoperation insurance mechanism
  • the anti-misoperation insurance mechanism includes a safety block
  • the safety block is fixed on the operation rod, outside the step a safety switch is arranged in the step
  • a fixed fuse box is arranged in the step, wherein the fuse box is provided with a slider, a safety spring, a baffle and a torsion spring, wherein the safety switch is linked with the slider, and one end of the slider Touching on the safety spring, the other end of the safety spring is fixed in the fuse box, the other end of the slider is engaged with the blocking piece, and the blocking piece is rotatably mounted on the fulcrum in the fuse box, A torsion spring is mounted on the fulcrum, and a safety box at a position where the slider and the blocking piece cooperate is provided with a hole through which the safety block protrudes; when the unlocking is not implemented, the safety block on the operating rod is in contact with the sliding hole formed by the bottom surface of the step.
  • the safety switch drives the slider to move, and the blocking piece then rotates by the torsion force of the torsion spring, so that the sliding block cannot move back, and the operating rod drives the safety block to move upward to push the blocking piece to rotate.
  • the telescopic ladder further includes an anti-misoperation mechanism
  • the anti-misoperation mechanism includes a bracket
  • the operating lever includes a left operating lever connected to the left ladder pillar and a right operating lever connected to the right ladder pillar.
  • An operating rubber pad is respectively mounted on the left operating lever and the right operating lever, a right end of the left operating lever is hinged to a lower left end of the bracket, and a left end of the right operating lever is hinged to a lower right end of the bracket, and the bracket is The upper part is fixed on the step.
  • the ladder further includes a descending mechanism, the descending mechanism is disposed between the adjacent ladder column tubes, and the descending mechanism includes an upper sealing disk disposed in the tube, the upper sealing plate and the The pipe is sealed; a lower sealing disk is disposed in the adjacent lower pipe, and the lower sealing disk is sealingly connected to the adjacent lower pipe, and the lower sealing disk is provided with a vent hole.
  • the basic form of the contracted state and the extended state of the telescopic ladder of the present embodiment is as shown in the figure, including two vertically arranged ladder columns 1 and a plurality of horizontally disposed steps 2, each of which has a plurality of steps 1
  • the large and small tubes 1(1) to 1(n) are sleeved; the above is the conventional structure of the telescopic ladder.
  • FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of a foot surface operation shrink switch according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • An operating lever 3 is disposed under the step 2 (1) at the lower portion of the ladder, and an operating foot pad 4 is fixed in the middle of the operating rod 3.
  • the two ends of the operating rod 3 are disposed in the ladder column 1 (1).
  • the lower end of the transmission rod 5 is in contact, the upper end of the transmission rod 5 is in contact with the lower end of the pin switch 6 of the step 2 (2), and the lower end of the pin switch 6 is also in contact with the outer surface of the ladder column 1 (1), and the pin switch 6 is The upper end is hinged with the bolt 8 through the round pin 7.
  • the operating rod 3 When the user lifts the operating rubber pad 4 with the foot surface, the operating rod 3 simultaneously drives the transmission rod 5 to move upward, and the upper end of the transmission rod 5 presses the second step 2 ( 2)
  • the latch switch 6, the latch 8 hinged to the latch switch 6 is then moved toward one end of the spring 9 and exits from the positioning hole 10 on the ladder column 1 (2), the step 2 (3) and its associated The ladder column 1 (2) then shrinks and descends.
  • the spring 11 is provided in the transmission rod 5
  • one end of the spring 11 abuts against the transmission rod 5, and the other end is fixed at the same.
  • the transmission rod 5 On the spring support 12 of the ladder column 1 (2), after the lifting action of the foot surface on the operating rubber pad 4 is removed, the transmission rod 5 will reset the transmission rod 3 by the pressure of the spring 11, that is, once completed. Shrink the action of the ladder.
  • an anti-misoperation safety mechanism is provided on the basis of the structure described in FIG. 2 of the embodiment of the present invention.
  • the specific embodiment is that the safety block 13 is fixed on the operating rod 3, and the step 2 is A safety switch 14 is added to the outside of the (1), and a fixed fuse box 15 is disposed inside the step 2 (1).
  • the fuse box 15 is provided with a slider 16, a spring 17, a blocking piece 18, and a torsion spring 19, wherein the fuse
  • the switch 14 and the slider 16 are connected by a screw 20; referring to FIG. 4(a), when the unlocking is not performed, the safety block 13 on the operating lever 3 is in contact with the slider 16 through the hole 21 formed in the bottom surface of the step.
  • the rod 3 cannot be moved upwards; see Fig. 4(b), when the ladder is used on the wall, the safety switch 14 is pulled out in the direction of the arrow 1 while the slider 16 is moved in the direction of the arrow 2, and the flap 18 is immediately Rely on The torsion force of the torsion spring 19 rotates in the direction of the arrow 3, so that the slider 16 cannot move back.
  • the operation lever 3 can move upward; see FIG. 4(c), at this time, With the foot surface moving the operating lever 3 in the direction of the arrow 4, the ladder then completes the ladder contracting motion described in FIG.
  • FIG. 5 it is an anti-misoperation mechanism derived from the structure described in FIG. 2 of the embodiment of the present invention.
  • the specific implementation manner is to divide one operating rod 3 described in FIG. 2 into two parts.
  • the operating lever 3 (1) and the operating lever 3 (2) are fixed with a bracket 21 on the step 2 (1), and the operating lever 3 (1) and the operating lever 3 (2) are mounted on the bracket 21 at one end of the center line of the ladder. And can be rotated, and the operation pad 3 (1) and the operation rod 3 (2) are fixed with an operation pad 4 (1) and an operation pad 4 (2) at one end of the ladder column 1.
  • the foot surface is The operation pad 4 (1) and the operation pad 4 (2) are each lifted upward, that is, the action of contracting the ladder is completed.
  • the utility model comprises an upper sealing disk 22 disposed in the lower portion of the tube.
  • the periphery of the upper sealing disk 22 has a thin, top-down tapered surface, and the upper end dimension d1 of the inclined surface is the same as the inner dimension D1 of the tube or Slightly larger, it can be closely attached to the inner wall of the pipe; a ring-shaped inwardly extending limit step 23 is provided in the radial direction of the lower end of the pipe; the upper sealing disk 22 is loaded from the upper end of the pipe, and is sealed on the upper side.
  • the lower sealing disk 24 is disposed outside the tube, and the periphery of the lower sealing disk 24 also has a thin ring.
  • a cylindrical or tapered bevel having a dimension d2 that is the same as or slightly larger than the inner dimension D2 of the larger tube in the associated tube, and which is closely conformable to the inner wall of the larger tube;
  • a lands 25 are provided between the sealing disk 22 and the lower sealing disk 24; the lower sealing disk 24, the lands 25 and the upper sealing disk 22 are connected by screws 26 and fixed to the lower end of each tube. Since the upper sealing disk 22 is in close contact with the inner wall of the smaller pipe in the connection, and the lower sealing disk is in close contact with the inner wall of the larger pipe in the connection, the ladder is compressed by the two pipes when the contraction is lowered. The air between the air is slowly discharged from the small holes 27 and the notches 28 in the lower sealing disk, thereby achieving a slow descending effect of the ladder.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Ladders (AREA)

Abstract

一种伸缩梯子，包括左右对称的两根纵向设置的梯柱（1）和若干根横向设置的梯级（2），每一根梯柱（1）都由由大到小的管子套接而成，相同口径的两根管子上端之间设置梯级（2），在梯子下部的第一根梯级下面设有用脚面操作的脚面收缩开关，脚面收缩开关包括有操作杆（3），操作杆（3）上固定有操作胶垫（4），操作杆（3）的两端各与一根传动杆（5）的下端接触，传动杆（5）的上端则与第二根梯级的插销开关（6）的一端接触，插销开关（6）的另一端则通过一支圆销（7）铰接在插销（8）的中部，插销（8）的前端与第二根梯级对应的两个梯柱的定位孔（10）配合，插销（8）的后端顶触在复位弹簧（9）上，复位弹簧（9）位于插销座内，插销座固定在第二根梯级内。本发明提供一种有效避免用手操作带来的安全隐患、提升安全性能的伸缩梯。

Description

一种伸缩梯子 技术领域
本发明涉及梯子，尤其是一种伸缩梯子。
背景技术
伸缩梯子是一种可伸展使用、可收缩存放的爬高作业的必需品，当前技术中的伸缩梯子，其收缩开关大多设置在梯子下部第二根梯级的左右两端各一个，操作收缩开关时，需要使用者弯下腰，甚至蹲下身体去操作，很容易造成因使用者扶持梯子的位置太低致使梯子倾倒，轻则损坏梯子，重则伤及自己和旁人；而且，在现有技术中的伸缩梯子收缩时下降速度很快，用手操作收缩开关时，使用者的手很容易因避闪不及而被砸伤。因此现有的伸缩梯技术，还可作进一步的改进。
发明内容
为了克服已有伸缩梯使用时用手操作收缩开关存在安全隐患的不足，本发明提供一种有效避免用手操作带来的安全隐患、提升安全性能的伸缩梯子。
本发明解决其技术问题所采用的技术方案是：
一种伸缩梯子，包括左右对称的两根纵向设置的梯柱和若干根横向设置的梯级，每一根梯柱都由由大到小的管子套接而成，相同口径的两根管子上端之间设置所述梯级，在梯子下部的第一根梯级下面设有用脚面操作的脚面收缩开关，所述脚面收缩开关包括有操作杆，所述操作杆上固定有操作胶垫，所述操作杆的两端各与一根传动杆的下端接触，所述传动杆的上端则与第二根梯级的插销开关的一端接触， 所述插销开关的另一端则通过一支圆销铰接在插销的中部，所述插销的前端与第二根梯级对应的两个梯柱的定位孔配合，所述插销的后端顶触在复位弹簧上，所述复位弹簧位于插销座内，所述插销座固定在第二根梯级内。
进一步，所述伸缩梯子还包括防误操作保险机构，所述防误操作保险机构包括保险块，在所述操作杆上固定所述保险块，在梯级的外面设置保险开关，在所述梯级内设有固定的保险盒，所述保险盒内设有滑块、保险弹簧、挡片和扭力弹簧，其中保险开关与滑块联动，所述滑块的一端顶触在保险弹簧上，所述保险弹簧的另一端固定在保险盒内，所述滑块的另一端与挡片配合，所述挡片可转动地安装在保险盒内的支点上，所述支点上安装扭力弹簧，在所述滑块与挡片配合处的保险盒开有供保险块伸入的孔；在未实施解锁时，操作杆上的保险块通过梯级底面开设的孔抵触在滑块上；实施解锁时，保险开关带动滑块动作，挡片随即依靠扭力弹簧的扭力转动，从而抵住滑块不能往回运动，操作杆带动保险块向上运动推动挡片转动。
再进一步，所述伸缩梯子还包括防误操作机构，所述防误操作机构包括支架，所述操作杆包括与左侧梯柱连接的左操作杆和与右侧梯柱连接的右操作杆，所述左操作杆和右操作杆上分别安装操作胶垫，所述左操作杆的右端与所述支架下部左端铰接，所述右操作杆的左端与所述支架下部右端铰接，所述支架的上部固定在梯级上。
更进一步，所述梯子还包括缓降机构，在相邻梯柱管子之间设置所述缓降机构，所述缓降机构包括一个设在管子内的上密封盘，所述上密封盘与所述管子密封连接；在相邻下方管子内设有下密封盘，所 述下密封盘与相邻下方管子密封连接，所述下密封盘上开有泄气孔。
所述泄气孔包括下密封盘底面的小孔和下密封盘的侧边的缺口。
所述上密封盘的周边有一圈较薄的、自上而下呈锥形的斜面，所述斜面的上端尺寸大于等于管子的内尺寸，所述上密封盘与管子的内壁紧密贴合；在每支管子的下端靠端面的位置在径向设有一圈向内凸起的限位台阶；所述下密封盘的周边同样有一圈较薄的、呈圆柱面或锥形的斜面，所述圆柱面或斜面的尺寸大于等于下部相邻的较大管子的内尺寸，所述下密封盘与所述较大管子的内壁紧密贴合。
在上密封盘与下密封盘之间设有一个连接盘，所述上密封盘上设有定位杆，所述连接盘上设有供所述定位杆穿过的定位通孔，所述下密封盘上设有供所述定位杆插入的定位盲孔。
本发明的技术构思为：用脚面操作收缩开关的伸缩梯，因在用脚面操作收缩开关的同时，可腾出双手扶持在梯子较高的位置，能很稳定地把持住梯子的重心，显著地避免使用者弯下腰或蹲下身体用手去操作收缩开关时，因扶持梯子的位置太低致使梯子倾倒的安全隐患；并进一步提供一种能使梯子收缩下降速度变得缓慢的缓降技术，使梯子的安全性进一步得到提升。
本发明的有益效果主要表现在：有效避免用手操作带来的安全隐患、提升安全性。
附图说明
图1为伸缩梯的收缩状态和伸展状态的外观形态图，(a)是收缩状态，(b)是伸展状态；
图2为脚面操作收缩开关的结构剖视图；
图3为脚面操作收缩开关在图2的基础上衍生的增加了防误操作保险机构的结构剖视图；
图4为图3的局部放大图，(a)为未实施解锁状态，(b)为实施解锁后的状态；(c)为收缩梯子时的状态。
图5为脚面操作收缩开关在图2的基础上衍生的有防误操作设计的结构示意图；
图6为缓降机构的结构爆炸图；
图7是缓降机构的收缩过程中的状态结构剖视图；
图8是图7的A处局部放大图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图对本发明作进一步描述。
参照图1～图8，一种伸缩梯子，包括左右对称的两根纵向设置的梯柱和若干根横向设置的梯级，每一根梯柱都由由大到小的管子套接而成，相同口径的两根管子上端之间设置所述梯级，在梯子下部的第一根梯级下面设有用脚面操作的脚面收缩开关，所述脚面收缩开关包括有操作杆，所述操作杆上固定有操作胶垫，所述操作杆的两端各与一根传动杆的下端接触，所述传动杆的上端则与第二根梯级的插销开关的一端接触，所述插销开关的另一端则通过一支圆销铰接在插销的中部，所述插销的前端与第二根梯级对应的两个梯柱的定位孔配合，所述插销的后端顶触在复位弹簧上，所述复位弹簧位于插销座内，所述插销座固定在第二根梯级内。
进一步，所述伸缩梯子还包括防误操作保险机构，所述防误操作保险机构包括保险块，在所述操作杆上固定所述保险块，在梯级的外 面设置保险开关，在所述梯级内设有固定的保险盒，所述保险盒内设有滑块、保险弹簧、挡片和扭力弹簧，其中保险开关与滑块联动，所述滑块的一端顶触在保险弹簧上，所述保险弹簧的另一端固定在保险盒内，所述滑块的另一端与挡片配合，所述挡片可转动地安装在保险盒内的支点上，所述支点上安装扭力弹簧，在所述滑块与挡片配合处的保险盒开有供保险块伸入的孔；在未实施解锁时，操作杆上的保险块通过梯级底面开设的孔抵触在滑块上；实施解锁时，保险开关带动滑块动作，挡片随即依靠扭力弹簧的扭力转动，从而抵住滑块不能往回运动，操作杆带动保险块向上运动推动挡片转动。
再进一步，所述伸缩梯子还包括防误操作机构，所述防误操作机构包括支架，所述操作杆包括与左侧梯柱连接的左操作杆和与右侧梯柱连接的右操作杆，所述左操作杆和右操作杆上分别安装操作胶垫，所述左操作杆的右端与所述支架下部左端铰接，所述右操作杆的左端与所述支架下部右端铰接，所述支架的上部固定在梯级上。
更进一步，所述梯子还包括缓降机构，在相邻梯柱管子之间设置所述缓降机构，所述缓降机构包括一个设在管子内的上密封盘，所述上密封盘与所述管子密封连接；在相邻下方管子内设有下密封盘，所述下密封盘与相邻下方管子密封连接，所述下密封盘上开有泄气孔。
本实施例的伸缩梯子的收缩状态和伸展状态的基本形态图如图所示，包括左右对称的两根纵向设置的梯柱1，若干根横向设置的梯级2，每根梯柱1都由若干支由大到小的管子1(1)～1(n)套接而成；以上为伸缩梯子的常规结构。
参见图2，为本发明实施例的脚面操作收缩开关的结构剖视图， 包括在梯子下部的梯级2(1)的下面设有一根操作杆3，在操作杆3的中部固定有一个操作脚垫4，操作杆3的两端与设在梯柱1(1)内的传动杆5的下端接触，传动杆5的上端与梯级2(2)的插销开关6的下端接触，同时该插销开关6的下端也与梯柱1(1)的外表面接触，插销开关6的上端则通过圆销7与插销8铰接，当使用者用脚面将操作胶垫4向上提，操作杆3同时带动传动杆5作向上运动，传动杆5的上端通过顶压第二根梯级2(2)的插销开关6，与插销开关6铰接的插销8随即向其设有弹簧9的一端运动并从梯柱1(2)上的定位孔10中退出，梯级2(3)及其相关联的梯柱1(2)则随即收缩降下。当这些动作完成及移除了脚面在操作胶垫4的向上提的动作后，因在传动杆5内设有弹簧11，弹簧11的一端抵触在传动杆5上，另一端则抵触在固定在梯柱1(2)的弹簧支座12上，当移除了脚面在操作胶垫4的向上提的动作后，传动杆5将借助弹簧11的压力使传动杆3回落复位，即完成了一次收缩梯子的动作。
参见图3和图4，是在本发明实施例图2所述的结构基础上衍生的增加了防误操作保险机构，其具体实施方式是在操作杆3上固定了保险块13，在梯级2(1)的外面增加了保险开关14，在梯级2(1)的里面设有固定的保险盒15，保险盒15内设有滑块16、弹簧17、挡片18、扭力弹簧19，其中保险开关14与滑块16通过螺丝20相连；参见图4(a)，在未实施解锁时，操作杆3上的保险块13通过梯级底面开设的孔21抵触在滑块16上，此时，操作杆3无法作向上运动；参见图4(b)，当梯子使用后依靠在墙壁上时，先将保险开关14如箭头1方向拔，同时带动滑块16如箭头2方向运动，挡片18随即依靠 扭力弹簧19的扭力如箭头3方向转动，从而抵住滑块16不能往回运动，此时，没有滑块16的抵挡，操作杆3可以向上运动了；参见图4(c)，此时，用脚面使操作杆3如箭头4的方向运动，梯子随即完成图2所述的梯子收缩动作；同时，固定在操作杆3上的保险块13则使挡片18如箭头5方向转动，此时，滑块16没有了挡片18的抵挡，滑块16随即依靠弹簧17的作用迅速如箭头6方向运动，又复原到图4(a)的状态，即完成了一次收缩梯子的动作。
参见图5，是在本发明实施例图2所述的结构基础上衍生的防误操作机构，其具体实施方式是将实施例图2中所述的一根操作杆3分为二根——操作杆3(1)和操作杆3(2)，在梯级2(1)上固定有支架21，操作杆3(1)和操作杆3(2)靠梯子中线的一端安装在支架21上，并可以转动，在操作杆3(1)和操作杆3(2)靠梯柱1的一端固定有操作胶垫4(1)和操作胶垫4(2)，梯子需要收缩时，用脚面在操作胶垫4(1)和操作胶垫4(2)各向上提一次，即完成了一次收缩梯子的动作。
参见图6～图8，是本发明实施例的缓降机构的剖视图，该缓降机构安装在套接组成梯柱的每支管子1(2)～1(n)的底端各一套，包括一个设在管子下部内的上密封盘22，上密封盘22的周边有一圈较薄的、自上而下呈锥形的斜面，所述斜面的上端尺寸d1与管子的内尺寸D1相同或略大，可与管子的内壁紧密贴合；在管子的下部靠端面的位置在径向设有一圈向内凸起的限位台阶23；上密封盘22从管子的上端装入，当上密封盘22的下端抵靠在限位台阶23上时停止，在管子外设有下密封盘24，下密封盘24的周边同样有一圈较薄的、 呈圆柱面或锥形的斜面，所述圆柱面或斜面的尺寸d2与相连管子中的较大管子的内尺寸D2相同或略大，可与所述较大管子的内壁紧密贴合；在上密封盘22与下密封盘24之间设有一个连接盘25；通过螺丝26将下密封盘24、连接盘25和上密封盘22连接并固定在每支管子的下端。因上密封盘22与相连中的较小的管子的内壁紧密贴合，而下密封盘又与相连中的较大的管子内壁紧密贴合，所以梯子在收缩下降时，通过压缩两根管子之间的空气从下密封盘中的小孔27和缺口28缓慢排出，从而达到梯子缓慢下降的效果。

Claims (7)

  1. 一种伸缩梯子，包括左右对称的两根纵向设置的梯柱和若干根横向设置的梯级，每一根梯柱都由由大到小的管子套接而成，相同口径的两根管子上端之间设置所述梯级，其特征在于：在梯子下部的第一根梯级下面设有用脚面操作的脚面收缩开关，所述脚面收缩开关包括有操作杆，所述操作杆上固定有操作胶垫，所述操作杆的两端各与一根传动杆的下端接触，所述传动杆的上端则与第二根梯级的插销开关的一端接触，所述插销开关的另一端则通过一支圆销铰接在插销的中部，所述插销的前端与第二根梯级对应的两个梯柱的定位孔配合，所述插销的后端顶触在复位弹簧上，所述复位弹簧位于插销座内，所述插销座固定在第二根梯级内。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的一种伸缩梯子，其特征在于：所述伸缩梯子还包括防误操作保险机构，所述防误操作保险机构包括保险块，在所述操作杆上固定所述保险块，在梯级的外面设置保险开关，在所述梯级内设有固定的保险盒，所述保险盒内设有滑块、保险弹簧、挡片和扭力弹簧，其中保险开关与滑块联动，所述滑块的一端顶触在保险弹簧上，所述保险弹簧的另一端固定在保险盒内，所述滑块的另一端与挡片配合，所述挡片可转动地安装在保险盒内的支点上，所述支点上安装扭力弹簧，在所述滑块与挡片配合处的保险盒开有供保险块伸入的孔；在未实施解锁时，操作杆上的保险块通过梯级底面开设的孔抵触在滑块上；实施解锁时，保险开关带动滑块动作，挡片随即依靠扭力弹簧的扭力转动，从而抵住滑块不能往回运动，操作杆带动保险块向上运动推动挡片转动。
  3. 如权利要求1所述的一种伸缩梯子，其特征在于：所述伸缩梯子还 包括防误操作机构，所述防误操作机构包括支架，所述操作杆包括与左侧梯柱连接的左操作杆和与右侧梯柱连接的右操作杆，所述左操作杆和右操作杆上分别安装操作胶垫，所述左操作杆的右端与所述支架下部左端铰接，所述右操作杆的左端与所述支架下部右端铰接，所述支架的上部固定在梯级上。
  4. 如权利要求1～3之一所述的一种伸缩梯子，其特征在于：所述梯子还包括缓降机构，在相邻梯柱管子之间设置所述缓降机构，所述缓降机构包括一个设在管子内的上密封盘，所述上密封盘与所述管子密封连接；在相邻下方管子内设有下密封盘，所述下密封盘与相邻下方管子密封连接，所述下密封盘上开有泄气孔。
  5. 如权利要求4所述的一种伸缩梯子，其特征在于：所述泄气孔包括下密封盘底面的小孔和下密封盘的侧边的缺口。
  6. 如权利要求4所述的一种伸缩梯子，其特征在于：所述上密封盘的周边有一圈较薄的、自上而下呈锥形的斜面，所述斜面的上端尺寸大于等于管子的内尺寸，所述上密封盘与管子的内壁紧密贴合；在每支管子的下端靠端面的位置在径向设有一圈向内凸起的限位台阶；所述下密封盘的周边同样有一圈较薄的、呈圆柱面或锥形的斜面，所述圆柱面或斜面的尺寸大于等于下部相邻的较大管子的内尺寸，所述下密封盘与所述较大管子的内壁紧密贴合。
  7. 如权利要求4所述的一种伸缩梯子，其特征在于：在上密封盘与下密封盘之间设有一个连接盘，所述上密封盘上设有定位杆，所述连接盘上设有供所述定位杆穿过的定位通孔，所述下密封盘上设有供所述定位杆插入的定位盲孔。
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CN205243411U (zh) * 2015-11-20 2016-05-18 国家电网公司 竹节式绝缘伸缩梯
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CN206429179U (zh) * 2017-01-10 2017-08-22 潘跃进 伸缩梯子的防误操作保险机构
CN206429184U (zh) * 2017-01-10 2017-08-22 潘跃进 一种伸缩梯子
CN206429186U (zh) * 2017-01-10 2017-08-22 潘跃进 伸缩梯子的防误操作机构

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CN113978738A (zh) * 2021-12-24 2022-01-28 大同航源众诚动力科技有限公司 应用于民用航空器客舱门逃生滑梯结构
CN113978738B (zh) * 2021-12-24 2022-03-11 大同航源众诚动力科技有限公司 应用于民用航空器客舱门逃生滑梯结构

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EP3428381A4 (en) 2019-01-16
EP3428381A1 (en) 2019-01-16
CN106837155A (zh) 2017-06-13
US20210270086A1 (en) 2021-09-02

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