WO2017215248A1 - 目标用户的选择方法、系统和设备 - Google Patents

目标用户的选择方法、系统和设备 Download PDF

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WO2017215248A1
WO2017215248A1 PCT/CN2016/113225 CN2016113225W WO2017215248A1 WO 2017215248 A1 WO2017215248 A1 WO 2017215248A1 CN 2016113225 W CN2016113225 W CN 2016113225W WO 2017215248 A1 WO2017215248 A1 WO 2017215248A1
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user
target user
attribute information
selecting
target
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French (fr)
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张奎
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Guangzhou Shirui Electronics Co Ltd
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Guangzhou Shirui Electronics Co Ltd
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G16—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR SPECIFIC APPLICATION FIELDS
    • G16Z—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR SPECIFIC APPLICATION FIELDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G16Z99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other main groups of this subclass

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  • the present invention relates to the field of communications technologies, and in particular, to a method, system, and device for selecting a target user.
  • a method of selecting a target user includes the following steps:
  • each receiving device is provided with a unique identifier that is distinguished from each other, and each identifier corresponds to a unique user.
  • a selection system for target users including:
  • a reading device configured to acquire a selection instruction sent by the control device, and read, in response to the selection instruction, attribute information that represents an association relationship between each user and a preset constraint condition;
  • a selecting device configured to select a target user from each user according to the attribute information
  • a sending device configured to acquire a unique identifier corresponding to the receiving device of the target user, and send a notification message to the receiving device of the target user according to the unique identifier; wherein each receiving device is provided with a unique identifier that is distinguished from each other, each The ID corresponds to a unique user.
  • a selection device for a target user including:
  • each receiving device is provided with a unique identifier that is distinguished from each other, and each identifier corresponds to a unique user;
  • the control device receives the input selection instruction and sends the selection instruction to the background server; wherein the selection instruction carries a constraint condition for selecting the target user;
  • the background server reads, according to the selection instruction, attribute information that represents an association relationship between each user and a preset constraint, selects a target user from each user according to the attribute information, and acquires a corresponding device of the target user. Uniquely identifying, and transmitting a notification message to the receiving device of the target user based on the unique identifier.
  • the method, system and device for selecting the target user can obtain the subjective influence of the selected subject by acquiring the pre-stored user attribute information and selecting the target object from the plurality of candidate objects according to the attribute information, and at the same time, setting the selection condition when selecting, The ability to accurately select the target with the greatest degree of association with the constraint improves the accuracy of the selection.
  • FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for selecting a target user of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a selection system of a target user according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a selection device of a target user according to the present invention.
  • the selection method of the target user may include the following steps:
  • S1 acquiring a selection instruction sent by the control device, and reading, in response to the selection instruction, attribute information that represents an association relationship between each user and a preset constraint condition;
  • S3 Obtain a unique identifier corresponding to the receiving device of the target user, and send a notification message to the receiving device of the target user according to the unique identifier; wherein each receiving device is provided with a unique identifier that is distinguished from each other, and each identifier corresponds to one Unique user.
  • constraints can be set according to actual needs.
  • the constraint may be a constraint related to fairness, even if the average number of times each student answers the question is as equal as possible; it may be a constraint that maximizes or minimizes the value corresponding to a certain feature, for example, making a grade Poor students answer the questions as many times as possible; they can also be other constraints, so I won't go into details here.
  • the attribute information of each student associated with the constraint may be pre-stored. The attribute information may be the ranking of each student's class, the number of responses per student, the correct rate of the answer, and the proportion of completed work on time.
  • a probability value selected by each user is calculated according to the attribute information; and a target user is selected from each user according to the probability value.
  • the weights of each of the attribute information may be assigned in advance, and the weights may be set according to the degree of influence of each data.
  • the probability that each user is selected may be calculated according to the attribute information and the preset weight.
  • Each attribute in the attribute information may include a number of the user, a number of times the user history is selected, a history number of the user correctly responding to the selection instruction, and the like, and may also include other attributes.
  • the probability that the i-th user is selected can be calculated as follows:
  • a ij is the jth term attribute of the i th user
  • W ij is the weight of A ij
  • P i is the probability that the i th user is selected.
  • the attributes may include the student's ranking, the number of student responses, and the correct answer rate, and may also include the proportion of the student completing the assignment on time.
  • the i-th student has Ai1 (1 ⁇ i ⁇ n)
  • the i-th student has Ais2 (1 ⁇ i ⁇ n)
  • the correct answer rate is A i3 (1) ⁇ i ⁇ n
  • the ratio of completion of work on time is A i4 (1 ⁇ i ⁇ n).
  • the four items of data are assigned weights W i1 , W i2 , W i3 , and W i4 , respectively .
  • the maximum probability may be selected from the probabilities; if the number of maximum probabilities is 1, the user corresponding to the maximum probability is set as the selected target; if the number of maximum probabilities is greater than 1, one of the maximum probabilities is randomly selected, and Set the corresponding user as the target user.
  • the second student can be selected as the target.
  • the probability that the first student is selected P1 40%
  • attribute information can be updated periodically.
  • attribute information can be updated based on the results (correct or incorrect) of the student's answer to the question. It is also possible to update other attribute information such as rankings, job completions, etc. into the system.
  • An update command may be set as a condition for triggering an update, and the update command may carry update information, which may be sent by the control device.
  • the update instruction When the update instruction is received, the corresponding attribute information may be updated according to the update instruction.
  • the present invention further provides a selection system of the target user, as shown in FIG. 2, which may include:
  • the reading device 110 is configured to acquire a selection instruction sent by the control device, and read, in response to the selection instruction, attribute information that represents an association relationship between each user and a preset constraint condition;
  • the selecting device 120 is configured to select a target user from each user according to the attribute information
  • the sending device 130 is configured to acquire a unique identifier corresponding to the receiving device of the target user, and send a notification message to the receiving device of the target user according to the unique identifier; wherein each receiving device is provided with a unique identifier that is distinguished from each other.
  • the identifier corresponds to a unique user.
  • the reading device 110 can set constraints according to actual needs.
  • the constraint may be a constraint related to fairness, even if the average number of times each student answers the question is as equal as possible; it may be a constraint that maximizes or minimizes the value corresponding to a certain feature, for example, making a grade Poor students answer the questions as many times as possible; they can also be other constraints, so I won't go into details here.
  • the attribute information of each student associated with the constraint may be pre-stored. The attribute information may be the ranking of each student's class, the number of responses per student, the correct rate of the answer, and the proportion of completed work on time.
  • the selecting means 120 may calculate a probability value selected by each user according to the attribute information; select a target user from among the users according to the probability value.
  • the weights of each of the attribute information may be assigned in advance, and the weights may be set according to the degree of influence of each data.
  • the probability that each user is selected may be calculated according to the attribute information and the preset weight.
  • Each attribute in the attribute information may include a number of the user, a number of times the user history is selected, a history number of the user correctly responding to the selection instruction, and the like, and may also include other attributes.
  • the probability that the i-th user is selected can be calculated as follows:
  • a ij is the jth term attribute of the i th user
  • W ij is the weight of A ij
  • P i is the probability that the i th user is selected.
  • the attributes may include the student's ranking, the number of student responses, and the correct answer rate, and may also include the proportion of the student completing the assignment on time.
  • the i-th student has Ai1 (1 ⁇ i ⁇ n)
  • the i-th student has Ais2 (1 ⁇ i ⁇ n)
  • the correct answer rate is A i3 (1) ⁇ i ⁇ n
  • the ratio of completion of work on time is A i4 (1 ⁇ i ⁇ n).
  • the four items of data are assigned weights W i1 , W i2 , W i3 , and W i4 , respectively .
  • the maximum probability may be selected from the probabilities; if the number of maximum probabilities is 1, the user corresponding to the maximum probability is set as the selected target; if the number of maximum probabilities is greater than 1, one of the maximum probabilities is randomly selected, and Set the corresponding user as the target user.
  • the second student can be selected as the target.
  • the probability that the first student is selected P1 40%
  • attribute information can be updated periodically.
  • attribute information can be updated based on the results (correct or incorrect) of the student's answer to the question. It is also possible to update other attribute information such as rankings, job completions, etc. into the system.
  • An update command may be set as a condition for triggering an update, and the update command may carry update information, which may be sent by the control device.
  • the update instruction When the update instruction is received, the corresponding attribute information may be updated according to the update instruction.
  • the present invention also provides a selection device for the target user, as shown in FIG. 3, which may include:
  • each receiving device 230 is provided with a unique identifier that is distinguished from each other, and each identifier corresponds to a unique user;
  • the control device 210 receives the input selection instruction, and sends the selection instruction to the background server 220; wherein the selection instruction carries a constraint condition for selecting a target user;
  • the background server 220 reads attribute information indicating an association relationship between each user and a preset constraint condition in response to the selection instruction, selects a target user from each user according to the attribute information, and acquires a receiving device 230 of the target user. Corresponding unique identifier, and will notify the notification according to the unique identifier The information is sent to the receiving device 230 of the target user.
  • the control device and/or the receiving device in the above embodiment may be a wearable device (for example, a smart bracelet or smart glasses), or may be a terminal device (for example, a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a notebook computer, etc.) installed with a corresponding application program. ).
  • a wearable device for example, a smart bracelet or smart glasses
  • a terminal device for example, a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a notebook computer, etc.
  • the control device and the receiving device can be connected to the background server through WIFI.
  • a plurality of signal indicators may be set, each signal indicator corresponding to each receiving device, and when the receiving device receives the notification message sent by the background server, the corresponding signal The indicator light is on.
  • the background server 220 can set constraints based on actual needs.
  • the constraint may be a constraint related to fairness, even if the average number of times each student answers the question is as equal as possible; it may be a constraint that maximizes or minimizes the value corresponding to a certain feature, for example, making a grade Poor students answer the questions as many times as possible; they can also be other constraints, so I won't go into details here.
  • the attribute information of each student associated with the constraint may be pre-stored. The attribute information may be the ranking of each student's class, the number of responses per student, the correct rate of the answer, and the proportion of completed work on time.
  • the background server 220 may calculate a probability value that each user is selected according to the attribute information; and select a target user from each user according to the probability value.
  • the weights of each of the attribute information may be assigned in advance, and the weights may be set according to the degree of influence of each data.
  • the probability that each user is selected may be calculated according to the attribute information and the preset weight.
  • Each attribute in the attribute information may include a number of the user, a number of times the user history is selected, a history number of the user correctly responding to the selection instruction, and the like, and may also include other attributes.
  • the probability that the i-th user is selected can be calculated as follows:
  • a ij is the jth term attribute of the i th user
  • W ij is the weight of A ij
  • P i is the probability that the i th user is selected.
  • the attributes may include the student's ranking, the number of student responses, and the correct answer rate, and may also include the proportion of the student completing the assignment on time.
  • the i-th student has Ai1 (1 ⁇ i ⁇ n)
  • the i-th student has Ais2 (1 ⁇ i ⁇ n)
  • the correct answer rate is A i3 (1) ⁇ i ⁇ n
  • the ratio of completion of work on time is A i4 (1 ⁇ i ⁇ n).
  • the four items of data are assigned weights W i1 , W i2 , W i3 , and W i4 , respectively .
  • the background server 220 may select a maximum probability from the probabilities; if the number of maximum probabilities is 1, the user corresponding to the maximum probability is set as a selected target; if the number of maximum probabilities is greater than 1, randomly select from the maximum probabilities One and set the corresponding user as the target user.
  • the background server 220 can send a notification message to the receiving device 230 of the target user.
  • the second student can be selected as the target.
  • the probability that the first student is selected P1 40%
  • the background server 220 can periodically update the attribute information of the user. For example, attribute information can be updated based on the results (correct or incorrect) of the student's answer to the question. It is also possible to update other attribute information such as rankings, job completions, etc. into the system.
  • An update command may be set as a condition for triggering an update, and the update command may carry update information, which may be sent by the control device. When the update instruction is received, the corresponding attribute information may be updated according to the update instruction.
  • the selected constraint is set at the time of selection, and the associated process with the constraint can be accurately selected.
  • the greatest goal is to improve the accuracy of the selection.
  • the indicator light is set to facilitate visual observation of the selection result.

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Abstract

一种目标用户的选择方法、系统和设备，其中，方法包括：获取控制装置发送的选择指令，响应所述选择指令读取表征各个用户与预设的约束条件之间的关联关系的属性信息（S1）；根据所述属性信息从各个用户中选择目标用户（S2）；获取目标用户的接收装置对应的唯一标识，根据所述唯一标识将通知消息发送给所述目标用户的接收装置（S3）；其中，各个接收装置上设有相互区分的唯一标识，每个标识对应一个唯一用户。上述目标用户的选择方法、系统和设备能够减少选择主体的主观影响，提高目标选择的准确性。

Description

目标用户的选择方法、系统和设备 技术领域
本发明涉及通信技术领域，特别是涉及一种目标用户的选择方法、系统和设备。
背景技术
在实际应用中，经常需要从一系列待选集合中抽选出一个或多个具有某种目标属性的目标对象，再根据选出的目标对象的特性来推测整个集合中的对象的特性。现有的选择方式一般通过人工选择。例如，在进行产品质量抽查时，尤其是当产品数量较多时，不可能对每个产品的质量都进行检查，一般是由质检人员从产品中随机选择一些进行质量抽查。又例如，在课堂上，教师经常会抽选学生回答问题。然而，现有的目标选择方式受选择主体的主观影响较大，导致选择结果难以客观地反映待选集合的特征。例如，在上述产品质量抽查的例子中，一般位置靠近外侧的产品较容易抽查到，位置靠内或在角落里的产品不容易被抽查到。又例如，在上述教师提问的例子中，教师会偏向于选择离讲台近的学生。由于选择目标时本身就存在偏见，在根据这种带有偏见的方式选择出的目标来推测群体的特性时，准确性必然较差。另外，由于不同选择主体对目标属性的理解不同，可能导致选择的准确性较差。
通过上述两个例子可以看出，现有的目标选择方式选择目标的效果较差。
发明内容
基于此，有必要针对现有的目标选择方式选择目标的效果较差的问题，提供一种目标用户的选择方法、系统和设备。
一种目标用户的选择方法，包括以下步骤：
获取控制装置发送的选择指令，响应所述选择指令读取表征各个用户与预设的约束条件之间的关联关系的属性信息；
根据所述属性信息从各个用户中选择目标用户；
获取目标用户的接收装置对应的唯一标识，根据所述唯一标识将通知消息发送给所述目标用户的接收装置；其中，各个接收装置上设有相互区分的唯一标识，每个标识对应一个唯一用户。
一种目标用户的选择系统，包括：
读取装置，用于获取控制装置发送的选择指令，响应所述选择指令读取表征各个用户与预设的约束条件之间的关联关系的属性信息；
选择装置，用于根据所述属性信息从各个用户中选择目标用户；
发送装置，用于获取目标用户的接收装置对应的唯一标识，根据所述唯一标识将通知消息发送给所述目标用户的接收装置；其中，各个接收装置上设有相互区分的唯一标识，每个标识对应一个唯一用户。
一种目标用户的选择设备，包括：
控制装置、后台服务器和接收装置；其中，各个接收装置上设有相互区分的唯一标识，每个标识对应一个唯一用户；
所述控制装置接收输入的选择指令，并将所述选择指令发送到后台服务器；其中，所述选择指令中携带选择目标用户的约束条件；
所述后台服务器响应所述选择指令读取表征各个用户与预设的约束条件之间的关联关系的属性信息，根据所述属性信息从各个用户中选择目标用户，获取目标用户的接收装置对应的唯一标识，并根据所述唯一标识将通知消息发送给所述目标用户的接收装置。
上述目标用户的选择方法、系统和设备，通过获取预存的用户属性信息，根据属性信息从多个待选对象中选择目标对象，能够减少选择主体的主观影响，同时，选择时设置了选择条件，能够准确地选择与该约束条件关联程度最大的目标，提高了选择的准确性。
附图说明
图1为本发明的目标用户的选择方法的流程图；
图2为本发明的目标用户的选择系统的结构示意图；
图3为本发明的目标用户的选择设备的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图对本发明的目标用户的选择方法、系统和设备的实施例进行说明。
图1为本发明的目标用户的选择方法的流程图。如图1所示，所述目标用户的选择方法可包括以下步骤：
S1，获取控制装置发送的选择指令，响应所述选择指令读取表征各个用户与预设的约束条件之间的关联关系的属性信息；
S2，根据所述属性信息从各个用户中选择目标用户；
S3，获取目标用户的接收装置对应的唯一标识，根据所述唯一标识将通知消息发送给所述目标用户的接收装置；其中，各个接收装置上设有相互区分的唯一标识，每个标识对应一个唯一用户。
为了便于理解，下面以教学系统中教师选择学生回答问题的例子进行说明。但本领域技术人员可以理解，本发明并不限于该实例。
在步骤S1中，可以根据实际需要设定约束条件。例如，该约束条件可以是与公平性有关的约束条件，即使各个学生回答问题的平均次数尽可能相等；也可以是使某种特征对应的值最大化或者最小化的约束条件，例如，使成绩较差的学生回答问题的次数尽可能多；还可以是其他约束条件，此处不再赘述。以公平性约束条件为例，可以预先存储与该约束条件相关联的各个学生的属性信息。所述属性信息可以是每位学生全班名次、每位学生的回答次数、回答的正确率和按时完成作业的比例等。
在步骤S2中，根据所述属性信息计算各个用户被选择的概率值；根据所述概率值从各个用户中选择目标用户。可以预先为上述属性信息中的各项属性分配权重，所述权重可根据各个数据的影响程度设置。可以根据所述属性信息与预设的权重计算各个用户被选择的概率。所述属性信息中的各项属性可包括用户的编号、用户历史被选择的次数、用户正确响应所述选择指令的历史次数等，还可包括其他属性。可根据如下方式计算第i个用户被选择的概率：
Figure PCTCN2016113225-appb-000001
其中，
Figure PCTCN2016113225-appb-000002
式中，Aij是第i个用户的第j项属性，Wij是Aij的权重，Pi是第i个用户被选择的概率。
在上述教学系统中，所述属性可包括学生的名次、学生回答次数和回答正确率，还可包括学生按时完成作业的比例。假设共有n位学生，第i位学生的名次为Ai1(1≤i≤n)，第i位学生的回答次数为Ai2(1≤i≤n)，回答的正确率为Ai3(1≤i≤n)，按时完成作业的比例为Ai4(1≤i≤n)。给这4项数据分别分配权值Wi1、Wi2、Wi3和Wi4。
可从所述概率中选取最大概率；若最大概率的数量为1，将所述最大概率对应的用户设为选中目标；若最大概率的数量大于1，随机从所述最大概率中选择一个，并将对应的用户设为目标用户。
例如，假设总共有2个学生，第一个学生被选择的概率P1＝40％，第二个学生被选择的概率P2＝60％，那么，可将第二个学生作为选择目标。假设共有3个学生，第一个学生被选择的概率P1＝40％，第二个学生和第三个学生被选择的概率P2＝P3＝60％，那么，可从第二个学生和第三个学生中随机选择一个作为选择目标。
为了使每次选择更加准确，可定时更新用户的属性信息。例如，可根据学生回答问题的结果(正确或错误)更新属性信息。还可以对其他属性信息，如名次、作业完成情况等信息更新到系统中。可设置一更新指令作为触发更新的条件，该更新指令中可携带更新信息，该更新指令可由控制装置发送。当接收到所述更新指令时，可根据所述更新指令更新相应的属性信息。
与上述目标用户的选择方法对应的，本发明还提供一种目标用户的选择系统，如图2所示，可包括：
读取装置110，用于获取控制装置发送的选择指令，响应所述选择指令读取表征各个用户与预设的约束条件之间的关联关系的属性信息；
选择装置120，用于根据所述属性信息从各个用户中选择目标用户；
发送装置130，用于获取目标用户的接收装置对应的唯一标识，根据所述唯一标识将通知消息发送给所述目标用户的接收装置；其中，各个接收装置上设有相互区分的唯一标识，每个标识对应一个唯一用户。
为了便于理解，下面以教学系统中教师选择学生回答问题的例子进行说明。但本领域技术人员可以理解，本发明并不限于该实例。
读取装置110可以根据实际需要设定约束条件。例如，该约束条件可以是与公平性有关的约束条件，即使各个学生回答问题的平均次数尽可能相等；也可以是使某种特征对应的值最大化或者最小化的约束条件，例如，使成绩较差的学生回答问题的次数尽可能多；还可以是其他约束条件，此处不再赘述。以公平性约束条件为例，可以预先存储与该约束条件相关联的各个学生的属性信息。所述属性信息可以是每位学生全班名次、每位学生的回答次数、回答的正确率和按时完成作业的比例等。
选择装置120可以根据所述属性信息计算各个用户被选择的概率值；根据所述概率值从各个用户中选择目标用户。可以预先为上述属性信息中的各项属性分配权重，所述权重可根据各个数据的影响程度设置。可以根据所述属性信息与预设的权重计算各个用户被选择的概率。所述属性信息中的各项属性可包括用户的编号、用户历史被选择的次数、用户正确响应所述选择指令的历史次数等，还可包括其他属性。可根据如下方式计算第i个用户被选择的概率：
Figure PCTCN2016113225-appb-000003
其中，
Figure PCTCN2016113225-appb-000004
式中，Aij是第i个用户的第j项属性，Wij是Aij的权重，Pi是第i个用户被选 择的概率。
在上述教学系统中，所述属性可包括学生的名次、学生回答次数和回答正确率，还可包括学生按时完成作业的比例。假设共有n位学生，第i位学生的名次为Ai1(1≤i≤n)，第i位学生的回答次数为Ai2(1≤i≤n)，回答的正确率为Ai3(1≤i≤n)，按时完成作业的比例为Ai4(1≤i≤n)。给这4项数据分别分配权值Wi1、Wi2、Wi3和Wi4。
可从所述概率中选取最大概率；若最大概率的数量为1，将所述最大概率对应的用户设为选中目标；若最大概率的数量大于1，随机从所述最大概率中选择一个，并将对应的用户设为目标用户。
例如，假设总共有2个学生，第一个学生被选择的概率P1＝40％，第二个学生被选择的概率P2＝60％，那么，可将第二个学生作为选择目标。假设共有3个学生，第一个学生被选择的概率P1＝40％，第二个学生和第三个学生被选择的概率P2＝P3＝60％，那么，可从第二个学生和第三个学生中随机选择一个作为选择目标。
为了使每次选择更加准确，可定时更新用户的属性信息。例如，可根据学生回答问题的结果(正确或错误)更新属性信息。还可以对其他属性信息，如名次、作业完成情况等信息更新到系统中。可设置一更新指令作为触发更新的条件，该更新指令中可携带更新信息，该更新指令可由控制装置发送。当接收到所述更新指令时，可根据所述更新指令更新相应的属性信息。
与上述目标用户的选择方法和系统相对于的，本发明还提供一种目标用户的选择设备，如图3所示，可包括：
控制装置210、后台服务器220和接收装置230；其中，各个接收装置230上设有相互区分的唯一标识，每个标识对应一个唯一用户；
所述控制装置210接收输入的选择指令，并将所述选择指令发送到后台服务器220；其中，所述选择指令中携带选择目标用户的约束条件；
所述后台服务器220响应所述选择指令读取表征各个用户与预设的约束条件之间的关联关系的属性信息，根据所述属性信息从各个用户中选择目标用户，获取目标用户的接收装置230对应的唯一标识，并根据所述唯一标识将通知消 息发送给所述目标用户的接收装置230。
上述实施例中的控制装置和/或接收装置可以是可穿戴设备(例如，智能手环或智能眼镜)，也可以是安装有相应应用程序的终端设备(例如，手机、平板电脑、笔记本电脑等)。
所述控制装置和接收装置可通过WIFI连接到后台服务器。
为了使被选择的目标更加直观地查看到选择结果，可以设置若干个信号指示灯，每个信号指示灯分别与各个接收装置对应，当接收装置接收到后台服务器发送的通知消息时，对应的信号指示灯亮。
为了便于理解，下面以教学系统中教师选择学生回答问题的例子进行说明。但本领域技术人员可以理解，本发明并不限于该实例。
在一个实施例中，后台服务器220可以根据实际需要设定约束条件。例如，该约束条件可以是与公平性有关的约束条件，即使各个学生回答问题的平均次数尽可能相等；也可以是使某种特征对应的值最大化或者最小化的约束条件，例如，使成绩较差的学生回答问题的次数尽可能多；还可以是其他约束条件，此处不再赘述。以公平性约束条件为例，可以预先存储与该约束条件相关联的各个学生的属性信息。所述属性信息可以是每位学生全班名次、每位学生的回答次数、回答的正确率和按时完成作业的比例等。
在接收到控制装置210发送的选择指令后，后台服务器220可以根据所述属性信息计算各个用户被选择的概率值；根据所述概率值从各个用户中选择目标用户。可以预先为上述属性信息中的各项属性分配权重，所述权重可根据各个数据的影响程度设置。可以根据所述属性信息与预设的权重计算各个用户被选择的概率。所述属性信息中的各项属性可包括用户的编号、用户历史被选择的次数、用户正确响应所述选择指令的历史次数等，还可包括其他属性。可根据如下方式计算第i个用户被选择的概率：
Figure PCTCN2016113225-appb-000005
其中，
Figure PCTCN2016113225-appb-000006
式中，Aij是第i个用户的第j项属性，Wij是Aij的权重，Pi是第i个用户被选择的概率。
在上述教学系统中，所述属性可包括学生的名次、学生回答次数和回答正确率，还可包括学生按时完成作业的比例。假设共有n位学生，第i位学生的名次为Ai1(1≤i≤n)，第i位学生的回答次数为Ai2(1≤i≤n)，回答的正确率为Ai3(1≤i≤n)，按时完成作业的比例为Ai4(1≤i≤n)。给这4项数据分别分配权值Wi1、Wi2、Wi3和Wi4。
后台服务器220可以从所述概率中选取最大概率；若最大概率的数量为1，将所述最大概率对应的用户设为选中目标；若最大概率的数量大于1，随机从所述最大概率中选择一个，并将对应的用户设为目标用户。后台服务器220可以将通知消息发送给所述目标用户的接收装置230。
例如，假设总共有2个学生，第一个学生被选择的概率P1＝40％，第二个学生被选择的概率P2＝60％，那么，可将第二个学生作为选择目标。假设共有3个学生，第一个学生被选择的概率P1＝40％，第二个学生和第三个学生被选择的概率P2＝P3＝60％，那么，可从第二个学生和第三个学生中随机选择一个作为选择目标。
为了使每次选择更加准确，后台服务器220可定时更新用户的属性信息。例如，可根据学生回答问题的结果(正确或错误)更新属性信息。还可以对其他属性信息，如名次、作业完成情况等信息更新到系统中。可设置一更新指令作为触发更新的条件，该更新指令中可携带更新信息，该更新指令可由控制装置发送。当接收到所述更新指令时，可根据所述更新指令更新相应的属性信息。
上述目标用户的选择方法、系统和设备具有以下优点：
(1)能够减少选择主体的主观影响，选择更加客观。
(2)选择时设置了选择的约束条件，能够准确地选择与该约束条件关联程 度最大的目标，提高了选择的准确性。
(3)将选择方法集成到可穿戴设备中，操作方便。
(4)设置了指示灯，便于直观地观察选择结果。
以上所述实施例的各技术特征可以进行任意的组合，为使描述简洁，未对上述实施例中的各个技术特征所有可能的组合都进行描述，然而，只要这些技术特征的组合不存在矛盾，都应当认为是本说明书记载的范围。
以上所述实施例仅表达了本发明的几种实施方式，其描述较为具体和详细，但并不能因此而理解为对发明专利范围的限制。应当指出的是，对于本领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明构思的前提下，还可以做出若干变形和改进，这些都属于本发明的保护范围。因此，本发明专利的保护范围应以所附权利要求为准。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种目标用户的选择方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
    获取控制装置发送的选择指令，响应所述选择指令读取表征各个用户与预设的约束条件之间的关联关系的属性信息；
    根据所述属性信息从各个用户中选择目标用户；
    获取目标用户的接收装置对应的唯一标识，根据所述唯一标识将通知消息发送给所述目标用户的接收装置；其中，各个接收装置上设有相互区分的唯一标识，每个标识对应一个唯一用户。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的目标用户的选择方法，其特征在于，根据所述属性信息从各个用户中选择目标用户的步骤包括：
    根据所述属性信息计算各个用户被选择的概率值；
    根据所述概率值从各个用户中选择目标用户。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的目标用户的选择方法，其特征在于，根据所述属性信息计算各个用户被选择的概率值的步骤包括：
    读取属性信息各项属性的权重值；
    根据所述各项属性与所述权重值计算各个用户被选择的概率值。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的目标用户的选择方法，其特征在于，根据以下方式计算各个用户被选择的概率：
    Figure PCTCN2016113225-appb-100001
    其中，
    Figure PCTCN2016113225-appb-100002
    式中，Aij是第i个用户的第j项属性，Wij是Aij的权重，Pi是第i个用户被选择的概率。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的目标用户的选择方法，其特征在于，还包括以下步骤：
    接收控制装置发送的更新指令；
    根据所述更新指令更新用户的属性信息。
  6. 根据权利要求2所述的目标用户的选择方法，其特征在于，根据所述概率选从各个用户中选择目标用户的步骤包括：
    从所述概率值中选取最大概率值；
    若最大概率值的数量为1，将所述最大概率值对应的用户设为选中目标；
    若最大概率值的数量大于1，随机从所述最大概率值中选择一个，并将对应的用户设为目标用户。
  7. 一种目标用户的选择系统，其特征在于，包括：
    读取装置，用于获取控制装置发送的选择指令，响应所述选择指令读取表征各个用户与预设的约束条件之间的关联关系的属性信息；
    选择装置，用于根据所述属性信息从各个用户中选择目标用户；
    发送装置，用于获取目标用户的接收装置对应的唯一标识，根据所述唯一标识将通知消息发送给所述目标用户的接收装置；其中，各个接收装置上设有相互区分的唯一标识，每个标识对应一个唯一用户。
  8. 一种目标用户的选择设备，其特征在于，包括：
    控制装置、后台服务器和接收装置；其中，各个接收装置上设有相互区分的唯一标识，每个标识对应一个唯一用户；
    所述控制装置接收输入的选择指令，并将所述选择指令发送到后台服务器；其中，所述选择指令中携带选择目标用户的约束条件；
    所述后台服务器响应所述选择指令读取表征各个用户与预设的约束条件之间的关联关系的属性信息，根据所述属性信息从各个用户中选择目标用户，获取目标用户的接收装置对应的唯一标识，并根据所述唯一标识将通知消息发送给所述目标用户的接收装置。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的目标用户的选择设备，其特征在于，还包括：
    分别与各个接收装置对应的信号指示灯，当接收装置接收到后台服务器发送的通知消息时，对应的信号指示灯亮。
  10. 根据权利要求8所述的目标用户的选择设备，其特征在于，所述控制装置和/或接收装置为可穿戴设备。
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