WO2017215162A1 - 一种大功率电力器件的工质接触式冷却系统 - Google Patents

一种大功率电力器件的工质接触式冷却系统 Download PDF

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WO2017215162A1
WO2017215162A1 PCT/CN2016/102110 CN2016102110W WO2017215162A1 WO 2017215162 A1 WO2017215162 A1 WO 2017215162A1 CN 2016102110 W CN2016102110 W CN 2016102110W WO 2017215162 A1 WO2017215162 A1 WO 2017215162A1
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liquid working
liquid
working medium
power
working fluid
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PCT/CN2016/102110
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English (en)
French (fr)
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王伟
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广东合一新材料研究院有限公司
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Priority claimed from CN201610446191.3A external-priority patent/CN105934140B/zh
Priority claimed from CN201620609479.3U external-priority patent/CN205912403U/zh
Application filed by 广东合一新材料研究院有限公司 filed Critical 广东合一新材料研究院有限公司
Publication of WO2017215162A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017215162A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K7/00—Constructional details common to different types of electric apparatus
    • H05K7/20—Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating

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  • the invention relates to a working medium contact cooling system for a high-power electric device, belonging to the field of high-power power device cooling system.
  • the basic task of high-power device heat dissipation design is to design a low thermal resistance heat flow transmission path according to the basic principle of thermodynamics, so that the heat emitted by the device can be transmitted to the heat dissipation end as quickly and uniformly as possible, thereby ensuring the internal operation of the device.
  • the temperature is always within the allowable junction temperature.
  • the current cooling technology mostly uses a metal fin heat exchanger to force air cooling, or the cooling medium and the heat dissipation power device are indirectly contacted by the intermediate structure to dissipate heat.
  • the device is fixed on the surface of the heat-dissipating cold plate, and the heat transfer needs to pass through the thermal grease and the heat-conducting oil and then through the wall of the heat-dissipating cold plate to the flowing coolant inside the cold plate.
  • This conventional heat-dissipating cooling device increases the middle Medium, the thermal resistance increases and the heat conduction efficiency is reduced, and the heat cannot be dissipated in time, which is more likely to cause high-power heat accumulation and increase the junction temperature of the electronic device.
  • the nozzle is connected to the nozzle, the nozzle being facing the high power power device.
  • the system structure can adopt an open type, and the sprayed liquid working medium directly contacts the heat generating surface of the high-power electric device and performs heat exchange. Increasing the effective heat exchange area, so that the theoretical heat transfer efficiency will be improved, the effective utilization rate of the liquid working medium is higher, and the cooling efficiency is improved.
  • the working medium contact cooling system of the high power power device further includes a liquid working fluid pump, wherein the liquid working fluid pump is located in the liquid working medium tank and is divided by the pipeline and the main pipe The liquid is connected.
  • the filter is disposed at the front end of the liquid working fluid pump for filtering the liquid heat conductive working medium used for repeated circulation, ensuring the purity of the liquid working medium, preventing damage of the pump body by impurities and the nozzle.
  • the blockage, and the liquid working medium has no phase change during the spraying process, so the system recycling does not require the working medium recovery equipment, and only the common filter is used to filter the impurities generated by the working medium in the open cycle process, and the system adaptability And higher reliability.
  • the plurality of liquid working spray pipes described above are vertically distributed on three sides of the high power power device. Liquid spray can spray and cool from three aspects of high-power power devices to improve cooling efficiency.
  • the above further beneficial effect is that the working medium in the liquid working medium box can be continuously cooled to ensure an effective heat exchange temperature difference (usually 5 to 10 ° C) between the liquid working medium and the high-power electric device, It is effectively cooled.
  • the present invention relates to a working fluid contact cooling system for a high-power electric device, and further, the liquid working fluid cooling device includes a chiller, and the chiller includes a refrigerant compressor and a refrigerant. a delivery pipe and a refrigerant return pipe and an evaporator; the water outlet of the refrigerant compressor communicates with one end of the evaporator through a refrigerant delivery pipe, and the water return port of the refrigerant compressor communicates with the other end of the evaporator through a refrigerant return pipe The evaporator is located in the liquid working tank.
  • the present invention relates to a working medium contact cooling system for a high-power electric device as described above. Further, the liquid working fluid cooling device is a heat dissipating fin mounted on an outer side of the liquid working medium tank.
  • the invention relates to a working medium contact cooling system for a high-power electric device as described above.
  • the liquid working fluid cooling device comprises a first heat exchange section outside the liquid working tank and a second in the liquid working medium tank.
  • the refrigerant outlet of the first heat exchange section is in communication with the refrigerant inlet of the second heat exchange section
  • the refrigerant outlet of the second heat exchange section is in communication with the refrigerant inlet of the first heat exchange section.
  • the working medium contact cooling system of the high power power device further includes a fan that cools the heat dissipating fin or cools the first heat exchange section.
  • the invention relates to a working medium contact cooling system for a high-power electric device as described above.
  • the insulating and thermally conductive liquid working medium is one or any of natural mineral oil, silicone oil, vegetable oil, transformer oil, and heat transfer oil.
  • the above liquid working fluid must use a heat-insulating liquid working medium with good insulation to ensure the insulation of the working medium, avoid contact with the high-power power device, cause damage to the device, and seriously cause the system to be scrapped.
  • the liquid working medium generally has a high thermal conductivity, and can be directly contacted with the heat generating surface of the power device by spraying, thereby achieving efficient heat dissipation.
  • the high-power device of the present invention is generally a switching device with a voltage level above 1200V and a current of 300A or more, including a high power diode, a thyristor, a GTO, an IGBT, an IGCT, an ETO, or the like, or a mosfet of 900V or higher.
  • the liquid heat-conducting working medium which is insulated by the cooling medium is a non-polar substance, and directly sprays the high-power electric device without affecting the electronic, electrical equipment and the circuit, and the hardware is not damaged.
  • FIG. 1 is a front view of a working fluid contact cooling system of a high power power device according to the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a side view of a working fluid contact cooling system of a high power power device according to the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a working fluid contact cooling system for a high power power device according to the present invention
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a fourth embodiment of a working fluid contact cooling system for a high power power device according to the present invention.
  • a working-contact cooling system for a high-power power device includes a liquid working tank 1 equipped with an insulating and thermally conductive liquid working medium 101; a plurality of mounting plates 2, and a plurality of said mounting plates 2 arranged vertically and in parallel; a high-power power device 3, said high-power power device 3 being mounted on one side and/or both sides of said mounting plate 2; a manifold dispenser 4, said manifold dispenser 4 passing through the main
  • the pipe 5 communicates with the liquid working medium tank 1; a plurality of liquid working fluid spray pipes 6, and a plurality of liquid working fluid spray pipes 6 are uniformly arranged with a plurality of liquid discharge ports, which are vertically arranged in a plurality of installations Side 2 and/or sides of board 2 and connected a manifold dispenser 4; an injection direction of the nozzle corresponding to a position of the high-power power device 3; and a liquid working medium sprayed on the high-power power device 3 to the nozzle
  • the liquid working tank 1 is described.
  • the nozzle 7 is connected to the nozzle 7, and the nozzle 7 is facing the high-power power device 3, and the structure spray liquid can be sprayed on the high-power power device 3 more accurately.
  • the low-temperature insulating and heat-conducting liquid working medium in the liquid working medium tank 1 is directly sprayed on the high-power electric device 3 through the liquid discharge port, and the sprayed liquid heat-conducting working medium and the high-power electric device 3 are sprayed.
  • the heating surface is in direct contact, absorbs the heat generated by it, and then falls back into the liquid working medium box 1.
  • the liquid working medium continuously moves the tropical part of the power device, and the cooling liquid working medium directly contacts the high-power electric device that needs heat dissipation.
  • the spray structure can be simpler, thereby saving cost and prolonging the service life of the device and improving the cooling effect.
  • the liquid working medium tank 1 is in communication with a liquid receiving tank located below the plurality of mounting plates 2, or the liquid working medium tank 1
  • the top is an open structure, and the plurality of mounting plates 2 are located above the liquid working medium box, and the open structure can directly receive the liquid flowing down the high-power power device, the system structure is simple, the liquid working medium and the heat The surface heat exchange area will increase, so that the theoretical heat transfer efficiency will be improved, the liquid medium can be effectively utilized, and the cooling efficiency can be improved.
  • the manifold separator 4 is horizontally arranged, and a plurality of the liquid working spray pipes 6 are evenly distributed on the manifold separator 4, and the plurality of liquid working spray pipes are uniformly distributed.
  • One end of 6 is connected to it, and the other end is a plugging structure.
  • the present invention further includes a liquid working fluid pump 8 located in the liquid working fluid tank 1 and communicating with the manifold liquid separator 4 through a pipeline;
  • a filter 9 is installed at the front end of the liquid inlet of the liquid working fluid pump 8.
  • a plurality of the liquid working spray pipes 6 are vertically distributed on three sides of the high-power electric device 3.
  • the liquid spray can be sprayed and cooled from three aspects of the high-power power device 3 to improve the cooling efficiency.
  • the invention specifically includes a liquid working fluid cooling device that cools the working fluid in the liquid working fluid tank.
  • the continuous cooling of the working fluid in the liquid working tank can be realized to ensure an effective heat exchange temperature difference (usually 5 to 10 ° C) between the liquid working medium and the high-power electric device for effective cooling.
  • the liquid cooling device includes a chiller unit, and the chiller unit includes a refrigerant compressor 10, a refrigerant conveying pipe 11 and a refrigerant return pipe 12, and The evaporator 13; the water outlet of the refrigerant compressor 10 communicates with one end of the evaporator 13 through the refrigerant delivery pipe 11, and the water return port of the refrigerant compressor 10 communicates with the other end of the evaporator 13 through the refrigerant return pipe 12.
  • the evaporator 13 is located in the liquid working tank 1.
  • the liquid working fluid cooling device is a heat dissipating fin 14 mounted on the outside of the liquid working medium tank.
  • the liquid working fluid cooling device is provided with a fan 15 outside the heat dissipating fins 14 installed outside the liquid working medium tank, and the fan 15 cools the heat dissipating fins 14.
  • the liquid working fluid cooling device comprises a first heat exchange section 16 outside the liquid working tank and a second heat exchange section 17 in the liquid working tank, and the refrigerant outlet of the first heat exchange section 16 passes through the pipeline
  • the refrigerant inlet of the second heat exchange section 17 is in communication, and the refrigerant outlet of the second heat exchange section 17 communicates with the refrigerant inlet of the first heat exchange section 16 through the pipeline, and the circulation pipe of the first heat exchange section and the second heat exchange section
  • the road can be a refrigerant such as water or air.
  • the liquid working fluid cooling device comprises a first heat exchange section 16 outside the liquid working medium tank 1 and a second heat exchange section 17 in the liquid working medium tank, the first heat exchange section
  • the refrigerant outlet of 16 is in communication with the refrigerant inlet of the second heat exchange section 17
  • the refrigerant outlet of the second heat exchange section 17 is in communication with the refrigerant inlet of the first heat exchange section 16
  • a fan is disposed outside the first heat exchange section 16. 15. The fan 15 cools the first heat exchange section 16.
  • the insulating heat conductive liquid working medium is one or any of natural mineral oil, silicone oil, vegetable oil, transformer oil, and heat transfer oil.
  • the above liquid working fluid must use a heat-insulating liquid working medium with good insulation to ensure the insulation of the working medium, avoid contact with the high-power power device, cause damage to the device, and seriously cause the system to be scrapped.
  • the liquid working medium generally has a high thermal conductivity, and can be directly contacted with the heat generating surface of the power device by spraying, thereby achieving efficient heat dissipation.
  • the high-power device may be: a switching device with a voltage level above 1200V and a current above 300A, including a high power diode, a thyristor, a GTO, an IGBT, an IGCT, an ETO, or the like, or a mosfet of 900V or higher.
  • the liquid heat-conducting working medium which is insulated by the cooling medium is a non-polar substance, and directly sprays the high-power electric device without affecting the electronic, electrical equipment and the circuit, and the hardware is not damaged.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Cooling Or The Like Of Electrical Apparatus (AREA)

Abstract

一种大功率电力器件的工质接触式冷却系统，包括装有绝缘导热液体工质的液体工质箱(1)；多块安装板(2)，多块所述安装板(2)竖直且平行布置；大功率电力器件(3)，所述大功率电力器件(3)安装在所述安装板(2)一侧和/或两侧；总管分液器(4)，所述总管分液器(4)通过主管道(5)连通所述液体工质箱(1)；多根液体工质喷淋管(6)，多根所述液体工质喷淋管(6)上均匀布置有多个喷液口，其竖直布置在多块安装板(2)一侧和/或两侧且连通所述总管分液器(4)；所述喷液口的喷射方向与所述大功率电力器件(3)的位置对应；所述喷液口喷射在所述大功率电力器件(3)上的液体工质回流至所述液体工质箱(1)。雾状液态导热工质与器件发热面直接接触，没有任何中间介质和传热转换环节，显著提高换热效率。

Description

一种大功率电力器件的工质接触式冷却系统 技术领域
本发明涉及一种大功率电力器件的工质接触式冷却系统，属于大功率电力器件降温系统领域。
背景技术
大功率电力器件多指复合型电压驱动式功率半导体器件，如IGBT、IGCT、IEGT，这类器件驱动功率小而饱和压降低，有输入阻值高、开关速度快、通态电压低、阻断电压高、承受电流大等特点，已成为当今功率电子器件发展的主流，广泛应用到各种交流电机、变频器、开关电源、照明电路、牵引传动等领域功率电子电路中。
但当大功率器件工作时，产生的热量会使芯片温度升高，如果散热缓慢，那么就有可能使芯片温度升高到超过所允许的最高结温，器件的性能将显著下降，并且不能稳定工作，从而导致器件性能恶化或失效，而研究表明，大功率器件失效率与其结温指数有直接关系，其性能随结温升高而降低。研究数据表明，IGBT器件工作温度每升高10℃失效率增加1倍，此外，过热引起的“电子迁移”现象会对芯片造成不可逆的永久损伤，影响芯片寿命。同时随着大功率器件容量的不断增大，对散热效能提出越来越高的要求。所以大功率器件散热设计的基本任务是，根据热力学基本原理，设计一低热阻的热流传输通路，使器件发出的热量尽可能快速且均匀地传递至散热端，从而保证器件运行时，其内部的温度始终保持在允许的结温之内。
由于功率器件需要绝缘保护，目前的冷却技术多采用金属翅片换热器强制风冷，或冷却介质与需散热功率器件通过中间结构间接接触散热，将功率 器件固定在散热冷板表面上，并且热量传递需要通过导热硅脂、导热油后再经过散热冷板壁面传递至冷板内部的流动冷却液，这种传统的散热冷却装置，因为增加了上述中间媒介，热阻增大而使得导热效率降低，不能及时将热量散出，则较容易造成高功率热量堆积，使电子器件结温升高。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题是提供一种大功率电力器件的工质接触式冷却系统，克服现有技术中当大功率器件工作时，现有的通过中间媒介传热，热阻增大而使得导热效率降低，不能及时将热量散出，则较容易造成高功率热量堆积，使电子器件结温过高，导致器件性能恶化或失效的缺陷。
本发明解决上述技术问题的技术方案如下：一种大功率电力器件的工质接触式冷却系统,包括装有绝缘导热液体工质的液体工质箱；
多块安装板，多块所述安装板竖直且平行布置；
大功率电力器件，所述大功率电力器件安装在所述安装板一侧和/或两侧；
总管分液器，所述总管分液器通过主管道连通所述液体工质箱；
多根液体工质喷淋管，多根所述液体工质喷淋管上均匀布置有多个喷液口，其竖直布置在多块安装板一侧和/或两侧且连通所述总管分液器；所述喷液口的喷射方向与所述大功率电力器件的位置对应；所述喷液口喷射在所述大功率电力器件上的液体工质回流至所述液体工质箱，喷淋过程中液体工质无相变。
优选地，所述喷液口处连接喷嘴，所述喷嘴正对所述大功率电力器件。
本发明的有益效果是：本发明由于通过将液体工质箱中的低温的绝缘导热液体工质直接通过喷液口喷射在所述大功率电力器件上，喷射出的雾状液 态导热工质与器件发热面直接接触，吸收其产生的热量后重新落回液体工质箱中，如此循环，液体工质不断将电力器件的热带走，冷却液体工质直接与需要散热的大功率电力器件接触且传热过程中无相变，没有任何中间介质和传热转换环节，可以具有以下显著的有点：
1、喷淋的液体工质在发热器件表面形成雾化液膜，液膜热传导具有小流量、大温差、高传热系数，高热流密度等优良穿热特性；
2、提供液体工质喷淋的喷射部件具有结构简单、动力消耗小、制造技术成熟、可靠性高等优点；
3、液体工质完全可以直接接触发热的单体电器件表面，通过降低接触热阻并减少间接传热结构来提高热传导效率；同时，传热过程和结构越简单，其可靠性和可控性越高；
4、在同等的环境温度下，直接接触式冷却散热温差可控，与非直接接触式传热方式相比，可一进步降低器件发热面温度，降低结温，有助于提高此类大功率电力器件的工作寿命和可靠性。
5、采用喷淋式散热，液体工质与发热面有效接触面积(换热面积)会增加，从而理论热传导效率会提高(换热量与面积成正比关系)，液体工质有效利用率更高。
6、液体工质热传导性能普遍优于使用空气强制对流，并且相对于传统强制对流风冷系统需要新风单元以及一些复杂的架构设计，液体冷却技术架构的设计要求本身比较少，直接接触喷淋的结构可以更加简单，从而节约成本和延长器件使用寿命。
在上述技术方案的基础上，本发明还可以做如下改进。
本发明如上所述一种大功率电力器件的工质接触式冷却系统,进一步，所述液体工质箱与位于多块所述安装板下方的接液槽连通，或所述液体工质箱顶部为敞口结构，多块所述安装板位于所述液体工质箱上方。
采用上述进一步的有益效果是：由于系统喷淋过程中，液态工质无相变，系统结构可采用开放式，喷淋出的液体工质直接与大功率电力器件发热面接触并进行换热，增加有效换热面积，从而理论热传导效率会提高，液体工质有效利用率更高，提高降温效率。
本发明如上所述一种大功率电力器件的工质接触式冷却系统,进一步，还包括液体工质泵，所述液体工质泵位于所述液体工质箱内且通过管道与所述总管分液器连通。
本发明如上所述一种大功率电力器件的工质接触式冷却系统,进一步，还包括过滤器，所述过滤器安装在所述液体工质泵的进液口前端。
采用上述进一步方案的有益效果是：过滤器设置于液体工质泵前端，用于对重复循环使用的液体导热工质进行过滤，保证液体工质纯净度，防止杂质对泵体的损伤以及对喷嘴的堵塞，且在喷淋过程中液体工质无相变，因此系统循环不需要工质回收设备，只需设置常见过滤器用于过滤工质在开放式循环过程中产生的杂质，系统自适应性及可靠性更高。
上述的多根所述液体工质喷淋管竖直均布在所述大功率电力器件的三个侧面。液体喷淋可以从大功率电力器件的三个方面进行喷淋降温，提高降温效率。
本发明如上所述一种大功率电力器件的工质接触式冷却系统,进一步，还包括液体工质冷却装置，所述液体工质冷却装置对液体工质箱内的工质进行冷却。
采用上述进一步的有益效果是：可以实现对液体工质箱中的工质不断进行冷却，以保证液体工质与大功率电力器件之间保持有效换热温差(通常为5～10℃)，以对其进行有效的冷却。
本发明如上所述一种大功率电力器件的工质接触式冷却系统,进一步，所述液体工质冷却装置包括冷水机组，所述冷水机组包括冷媒压缩机、冷媒 输送管及冷媒回流管及蒸发器；所述冷媒压缩机的出水口通过冷媒输送管与蒸发器的一端连通，所述冷媒压缩机的回水口通过冷媒回流管与所述蒸发器的另一端连通；所述蒸发器位于所述液体工质箱内。
本发明如上所述一种大功率电力器件的工质接触式冷却系统,进一步，所述液体工质冷却装置为安装在所述液体工质箱外侧的散热翅片。
本发明如上所述一种大功率电力器件的工质接触式冷却系统,进一步，所述液体工质冷却装置包括位于液体工质箱外的第一换热段和液体工质箱内的第二换热段，第一换热段的冷媒出口与第二换热段的冷媒入口连通，第二换热段的冷媒出口与第一换热段的冷媒入口连通。
本发明如上所述一种大功率电力器件的工质接触式冷却系统,进一步，还包括风机，所述风机对所述散热翅片降温或对所述第一换热段进行降温。
本发明如上所述一种大功率电力器件的工质接触式冷却系统,进一步，所述绝缘导热液体工质为天然矿物油、硅油、植物油、变压油、导热油中的一种或任意几种。上述的液体工质必须使用绝缘性好的导热液体工质，保证工质绝缘性，避免与大功率电力器件接触导电，造成器件损毁，严重的将导致系统报废。液体工质普遍具有较高的导热系数，且通过喷淋可与电力器件发热表面直接接触散热，从而能够实现高效散热。
本发明所述的大功率器件通常为：电压等级在1200V以上，电流在300A以上的开关器件，包括大功率二极管、晶闸管、GTO、IGBT、IGCT、ETO等，或900V以上的mosfet等运行时发热量严重的功率器件。采用冷却介质为绝缘的液体导热工质为非极性物质，直接对大功率电力器件进行喷淋,不会对电子、电器设备及回路产生影响，对硬件不会有损坏。
附图说明
图1为本发明一种大功率电力器件的工质接触式冷却系统主视图；
图2为本发明一种大功率电力器件的工质接触式冷却系统侧视图；
图3为本发明一种大功率电力器件的工质接触式冷却系统一种实施方式的示意图；
图4为本发明本发明一种大功率电力器件的工质接触式冷却系统第二种实施方式的示意图；
图5为本发明本发明一种大功率电力器件的工质接触式冷却系统第三种实施方式的示意图；
图6为本发明本发明一种大功率电力器件的工质接触式冷却系统第四种实施方式的示意图。
附图中，各标号所代表的部件列表如下：
1、液体工质箱，101、绝缘导热液体工质，2、安装板，3、大功率电力器件，4、总管分液器，5、主管道，6、液体工质喷淋管，7、喷嘴，8、液体工质泵，9、过滤器，10、冷媒压缩机，11、冷媒输送管，12、冷媒回流管，13、蒸发器，14、散热翅片，15、风机，16、第一换热段，17、第二换热段。
具体实施方式
以下结合附图对本发明的原理和特征进行描述，所举实例只用于解释本发明，并非用于限定本发明的范围。
如图1至6所示，一种大功率电力器件的工质接触式冷却系统,包括装有绝缘导热液体工质101的液体工质箱1；多块安装板2，多块所述安装板2竖直且平行布置；大功率电力器件3，所述大功率电力器件3安装在所述安装板2一侧和/或两侧；总管分液器4，所述总管分液器4通过主管道5连通所述液体工质箱1；多根液体工质喷淋管6，多根所述液体工质喷淋管6上均匀布置有多个喷液口，其竖直布置在多块安装板2一侧和/或两侧且连通 所述总管分液器4；所述喷液口的喷射方向与所述大功率电力器件3的位置对应；所述喷液口喷射在所述大功率电力器件3上的液体工质回流至所述液体工质箱1。具体地，所述喷液口处连接喷嘴7，所述喷嘴7正对所述大功率电力器件3，该结构喷射液体喷射后可以更加准确的喷淋在所述大功率电力器件3上。本发明实施例将液体工质箱1中的低温的绝缘导热液体工质直接通过喷液口喷射在所述大功率电力器件3上，喷射出的雾状液态导热工质与大功率电力器件3发热面直接接触，吸收其产生的热量后重新落回液体工质箱1中，如此循环，液体工质不断将电力器件的热带走，冷却液体工质直接与需要散热的大功率电力器件接触且传热过程中无相变，没有任何中间介质和传热转换环节，喷淋结构可以更加简单，从而节约成本和延长器件使用寿命、提高降温效果。
根据本发明实施例一种大功率电力器件的工质接触式冷却系统，所述液体工质箱1与位于多块所述安装板2下方的接液槽连通，或所述液体工质箱1顶部为敞口结构，多块所述安装板2位于所述液体工质箱上方，该敞口结构可以直接接收喷射在大功率电力器件上的流下的液体，系统构架简单，液体工质与发热面换热面积会增加，从而理论热传导效率会提高，液体工质有效利用率更高，提高降温效率。
上述实施例中具体地，所述总管分液器4水平布置，多根所述液体工质喷淋管6均匀分布在所述总管分液器4上，多根所述液体工质喷淋管6的一端均与其连通，另一端均为封堵结构。
本发明在一些具体实施例中，还包括液体工质泵8，所述液体工质泵8位于所述液体工质箱1内且与通过管道与所述总管分液器4连通；具体还包括过滤器9，所述过滤器9安装在所述液体工质泵8的进液口前端。通过设置液体工质泵、过滤器保证循环能力，保证液体工质纯净度，防止杂质对泵体的损伤以及对喷嘴的堵塞，自适应性及可靠性高。
上述实施例中多根所述液体工质喷淋管6竖直均布在所述大功率电力器件3的三个侧面。液体喷淋可以从大功率电力器件3的三个方面进行喷淋降温，提高降温效率。
本发明在一些实施例中，具体地，还包括液体工质冷却装置，所述液体工质冷却装置对液体工质箱内的工质进行冷却。可以实现对液体工质箱中的工质不断进行冷却，以保证液体工质与大功率电力器件之间保持有效换热温差(通常为5～10℃)，以对其进行有效的冷却。
上述的液体工质冷却装置，可以通过以下方式实现：第一、如图3所示，液体冷却装置包括冷水机组，所述冷水机组包括冷媒压缩机10、冷媒输送管11及冷媒回流管12及蒸发器13；所述冷媒压缩机10的出水口通过冷媒输送管11与蒸发器13的一端连通，所述冷媒压缩机10的回水口通过冷媒回流管12与所述蒸发器13的另一端连通；所述蒸发器13位于所述液体工质箱1内。第二、如图5所示，所述液体工质冷却装置为安装在所述液体工质箱外侧的散热翅片14。第三、如图6所示，所述液体工质冷却装置为安装在所述液体工质箱外侧的散热翅片14外侧设有风机15，所述风机15对所述散热翅片14降温。第四、所述液体工质冷却装置包括位于液体工质箱外的第一换热段16和液体工质箱内的第二换热段17，第一换热段16的冷媒出口通过管道与第二换热段17的冷媒入口连通，第二换热段17的冷媒出口通过管道与第一换热段16的冷媒入口连通，所述第一换热段及第二换热段的循环管路中可以是水等冷媒，也可以是空气。第四、如图4所示，所述液体工质冷却装置包括位于液体工质箱1外的第一换热段16和液体工质箱内的第二换热段17，第一换热段16的冷媒出口与第二换热段17的冷媒入口连通，第二换热段17的冷媒出口与第一换热段16的冷媒入口连通，在所述第一换热段16外侧设有风机15，所述风机15对对所述第一换热段16进行降温。
根据本发明实施例所示一种大功率电力器件的工质接触式冷却系统,所 述绝缘导热液体工质为天然矿物油、硅油、植物油、变压油、导热油中的一种或任意几种。上述的液体工质必须使用绝缘性好的导热液体工质，保证工质绝缘性，避免与大功率电力器件接触导电，造成器件损毁，严重的将导致系统报废。液体工质普遍具有较高的导热系数，且通过喷淋可与电力器件发热表面直接接触散热，从而能够实现高效散热。
本发明具体实施例中大功率器件可以为：电压等级在1200V以上，电流在300A以上的开关器件，包括大功率二极管、晶闸管、GTO、IGBT、IGCT、ETO等，或900V以上的mosfet等运行时发热量严重的功率器件。采用冷却介质为绝缘的液体导热工质为非极性物质，直接对大功率电力器件进行喷淋,不会对电子、电器设备及回路产生影响，对硬件不会有损坏。
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例，并不用以限制本发明，凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种大功率电力器件的工质接触式冷却系统,其特征在于，包括装有绝缘导热液体工质的液体工质箱；
    多块安装板，多块所述安装板竖直且平行布置；
    大功率电力器件，所述大功率电力器件安装在所述安装板一侧和/或两侧；
    总管分液器，所述总管分液器通过主管道连通所述液体工质箱；
    多根液体工质喷淋管，多根所述液体工质喷淋管上均匀布置有多个喷液口，其竖直布置在多块安装板一侧和/或两侧且连通所述总管分液器；所述喷液口的喷射方向与所述大功率电力器件的位置对应；所述喷液口喷射在所述大功率电力器件上的液体工质回流至所述液体工质箱，喷淋过程中液体工质无相变。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述一种大功率电力器件的工质接触式冷却系统,其特征在于，所述液体工质箱与位于多块所述安装板下方的接液槽连通，或所述液体工质箱顶部为敞口结构，多块所述安装板位于所述液体工质箱上方。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述一种大功率电力器件的工质接触式冷却系统,其特征在于，还包括液体工质泵，所述液体工质泵位于所述液体工质箱内且与通过管道与所述总管分液器连通。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述一种大功率电力器件的工质接触式冷却系统,其特征在于，还包括过滤器，所述过滤器安装在所述液体工质泵的进液口前端。
  5. 根据权利要求1或2所述一种大功率电力器件的工质接触式冷却系统,其特征在于，多根所述液体工质喷淋管竖直均布在所述大功率电力器件 的三个侧面。
  6. 根据权利要求1或2所述一种大功率电力器件的工质接触式冷却系统,其特征在于，还包括液体工质冷却装置，所述液体工质冷却装置对液体工质箱内的工质进行冷却。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述一种大功率电力器件的工质接触式冷却系统,其特征在于，所述液体工质冷却装置包括冷水机组，所述冷水机组包括冷媒压缩机、冷媒输送管及冷媒回流管及蒸发器；所述冷媒压缩机的出水口通过冷媒输送管与蒸发器的一端连通，所述冷媒压缩机的回水口通过冷媒回流管与所述蒸发器的另一端连通；所述蒸发器位于所述液体工质箱内。
  8. 根据权利要求6所述一种大功率电力器件的工质接触式冷却系统,其特征在于，所述液体工质冷却装置为安装在所述液体工质箱外侧的散热翅片。
  9. 根据权利要求6所述一种大功率电力器件的工质接触式冷却系统,其特征在于，所述液体工质冷却装置包括位于液体工质箱外的第一换热段和液体工质箱内的第二换热段，第一换热段的冷媒出口与第二换热段的冷媒入口连通，第二换热段的冷媒出口与第一换热段的冷媒入口连通。
  10. 根据权利要求8或9所述一种大功率电力器件的工质接触式冷却系统,其特征在于，还包括风机，所述风机对所述散热翅片降温或对所述第一换热段进行降温。
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CN114320787A (zh) * 2021-12-30 2022-04-12 北京中科创值科技有限公司 一种采用热管冷却的风力发电机集成冷却系统
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