WO2017214482A1 - Plaques de guidage de lumière microstructurées et dispositifs comprenant celles-ci - Google Patents

Plaques de guidage de lumière microstructurées et dispositifs comprenant celles-ci Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017214482A1
WO2017214482A1 PCT/US2017/036705 US2017036705W WO2017214482A1 WO 2017214482 A1 WO2017214482 A1 WO 2017214482A1 US 2017036705 W US2017036705 W US 2017036705W WO 2017214482 A1 WO2017214482 A1 WO 2017214482A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
mol
glass substrate
light
light guide
assembly
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US2017/036705
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Adam James Ellison
Dmitri Vladislavovich Kuksenkov
Sue Camille LEWIS
Shenping Li
Timothy Edward Myers
Steven S ROSENBLUM
Fabio Lopes Brandao SALGADO
Natesan Venkataraman
Original Assignee
Corning Incorporated
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Application filed by Corning Incorporated filed Critical Corning Incorporated
Priority to KR1020197000787A priority Critical patent/KR20190008419A/ko
Priority to CN201780035979.8A priority patent/CN109312909A/zh
Priority to JP2018563663A priority patent/JP2019523970A/ja
Publication of WO2017214482A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017214482A1/fr

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C21/00—Treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by diffusing ions or metals in the surface
    • C03C21/001—Treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by diffusing ions or metals in the surface in liquid phase, e.g. molten salts, solutions
    • C03C21/002—Treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by diffusing ions or metals in the surface in liquid phase, e.g. molten salts, solutions to perform ion-exchange between alkali ions
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
    • G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
    • G02B6/0013—Means for improving the coupling-in of light from the light source into the light guide
    • G02B6/0015—Means for improving the coupling-in of light from the light source into the light guide provided on the surface of the light guide or in the bulk of it
    • G02B6/0016—Grooves, prisms, gratings, scattering particles or rough surfaces
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C17/00—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating
    • C03C17/28—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with organic material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C3/00—Glass compositions
    • C03C3/04—Glass compositions containing silica
    • C03C3/076—Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica, by weight
    • C03C3/083—Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica, by weight containing aluminium oxide or an iron compound
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C3/00—Glass compositions
    • C03C3/04—Glass compositions containing silica
    • C03C3/076—Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica, by weight
    • C03C3/089—Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica, by weight containing boron
    • C03C3/091—Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica, by weight containing boron containing aluminium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C3/00—Glass compositions
    • C03C3/04—Glass compositions containing silica
    • C03C3/076—Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica, by weight
    • C03C3/089—Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica, by weight containing boron
    • C03C3/091—Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica, by weight containing boron containing aluminium
    • C03C3/093—Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica, by weight containing boron containing aluminium containing zinc or zirconium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C3/00—Glass compositions
    • C03C3/04—Glass compositions containing silica
    • C03C3/076—Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica, by weight
    • C03C3/102—Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica, by weight containing lead
    • C03C3/105—Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica, by weight containing lead containing aluminium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C3/00—Glass compositions
    • C03C3/04—Glass compositions containing silica
    • C03C3/076—Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica, by weight
    • C03C3/102—Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica, by weight containing lead
    • C03C3/108—Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica, by weight containing lead containing boron
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B1/00—Optical elements characterised by the material of which they are made; Optical coatings for optical elements
    • G02B1/04—Optical elements characterised by the material of which they are made; Optical coatings for optical elements made of organic materials, e.g. plastics
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B1/00—Optical elements characterised by the material of which they are made; Optical coatings for optical elements
    • G02B1/04—Optical elements characterised by the material of which they are made; Optical coatings for optical elements made of organic materials, e.g. plastics
    • G02B1/045—Light guides
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
    • G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
    • G02B6/0033—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide
    • G02B6/0035—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide provided on the surface of the light guide or in the bulk of it
    • G02B6/0038—Linear indentations or grooves, e.g. arc-shaped grooves or meandering grooves, extending over the full length or width of the light guide
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C2217/00—Coatings on glass
    • C03C2217/70—Properties of coatings
    • C03C2217/77—Coatings having a rough surface
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C2218/00—Methods for coating glass
    • C03C2218/30—Aspects of methods for coating glass not covered above
    • C03C2218/32—After-treatment
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
    • G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
    • G02B6/0065—Manufacturing aspects; Material aspects

Definitions

  • the disclosure relates generally to light guide plates and display or lighting devices comprising such light guide plates, and more particularly to glass light guide plates comprising a microstructured polymeric film.
  • LCDs Liquid crystal displays
  • LCDs are commonly used in various electronics, such as cell phones, laptops, electronic tablets, televisions, and computer monitors.
  • LCDs can be limited as compared to other display devices in terms of brightness, contrast ratio, efficiency, and viewing angle.
  • contrast ratio e.g., color gamut
  • brightness e.g., brightness
  • device size e.g., thickness
  • LCDs can comprise a backlight unit (BLU) for producing light that can then be converted, filtered, and/or polarized to produce the desired image.
  • BLU backlight unit
  • BLUs may be edge-lit, e.g., comprising a light source coupled to an edge of a light guide plate (LGP), or back-lit, e.g., comprising a two-dimensional array of light sources disposed behind the LCD panel.
  • Direct-lit BLUs may have the advantage of improved dynamic contrast as compared to edge-lit BLUs.
  • a display with a direct-lit BLU can independently adjust the brightness of each LED to optimize the dynamic range of the brightness across the image. This is commonly known as local dimming.
  • the light source(s) may be positioned at a distance from the LGP, thus making the overall display thickness greater than that of an edge-lit BLU.
  • the light from each LED can spread across a large region of the LGP such that turning off individual LEDs or groups of LEDs may have only a minimal impact on the dynamic contrast ratio.
  • the local dimming efficiency of an LGP can be enhanced, for example, by providing one or more microstructures on the LGP surface.
  • plastic LGPs such as polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) or methyl methacrylate styrene (MS) LGPs
  • PMMA polymethyl methacrylate
  • MS methyl methacrylate styrene
  • surface microstructures that may confine the light from each LED within a narrow band. In this way, it may be possible to adjust the brightness of the light source(s) along the edge of the LGP to enhance the dynamic contrast of the display. If LEDs are mounted on two opposing sides of the LGP, the brightness of pairs of LEDs can be adjusted to produce a brightness gradient along the bands of illumination that may further improve the dynamic contrast.
  • Methods for providing microstructures on plastic materials can include, for example, injection molding, extruding, and/or embossing. While these techniques may work well with plastic LGPs, they can be incompatible with glass LGPs due to their higher glass transition temperature and/or higher viscosity.
  • glass LGPs may offer various improvements over plastic LGPs, e.g., in terms of their low light attenuation, low coefficient of thermal expansion, and high mechanical strength. As such, it may be desirable to use glass as an alternative material of construction for LGPs in order to overcome various drawbacks
  • plastic LGPs due to their relatively weak mechanical strength and/or lower stiffness, it can be difficult to make plastic LGPs that are both sufficiently large and thin to meet current consumer demands. Plastic LGPs may also necessitate a larger gap between the light source and LGP due to high coefficients of thermal expansion, which can reduce optical coupling efficiency and/or require a larger display bezel. Additionally, plastic LGPs may have a higher propensity to absorb moisture and swell as compared to glass LGPs.
  • glass LGPs having improved local dimming efficiency, e.g., glass LGPs with microstructures on at least one surface thereof. It would also be advantageous to provide backlights having a thinness similar to that of edge-lit BLUs while also providing local dimming capabilities similar to that of back-lit BLUs.
  • the disclosure relates, in various embodiments, to light guide assemblies comprising a light guide plate including a glass substrate comprising an edge surface and a light emitting surface, a polymeric film comprising a plurality of microstructures disposed on the light emitting surface of the glass substrate, and at least one light source optically coupled to the edge surface of the glass substrate.
  • light guide plates comprising a glass substrate comprising an edge surface and a light emitting surface, and a polymeric film comprising a plurality of microstructures disposed on the light emitting surface of the glass substrate.
  • a combined light attenuation a' of the light guide plate may be less than about 5 dB/m for wavelengths ranging from about 420-750 nm.
  • a color shift Ay of the light guide plate may be less than about 0.015. Display, lighting, and electronic devices comprising such light guides are also disclosed herein.
  • the glass substrate may comprise 50-90 mol% Si0 2 , 0-20 mol% Al 2 0 3 , 0-20 mol% B 2 0 3 , 0-25 mol% R x O, where x is 1 or 2 and R is Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs, Zn Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, and combinations thereof.
  • the glass substrate may comprise less than about 1 ppm each of Co, Ni, and Cr.
  • a thickness of the glass substrate may range from about 0.1 mm to about 3 mm, whereas a thickness of the polymeric film may range from about 10 m to about 500 m.
  • the polymeric film may comprise a UV curable or thermally curable polymer, which may be molded onto the light emitting surface of the glass substrate.
  • the polymeric film may, for example, comprise a periodic or non-periodic microstructure array comprising prisms, rounded prisms, or lenticular lenses.
  • An aspect ratio of the microstructures may range, for example, from about 0.1 to about 3.
  • a major surface opposite the light emitting surface may be patterned with a plurality of light extraction features.
  • FIGS. 1 A-D illustrate exemplary microstructure arrays according to various embodiments of the disclosure
  • FIG. 2 illustrates a light guide assembly according to certain embodiments of the disclosure
  • FIG. 3 is a graphical depiction of light confinement as a function of microstructure aspect ratio for a 1 D local dimming configuration using a light guide plate having a microstructured surface comprising an array of lenticular lenses;
  • FIG. 4 is a graphical depiction of color shift Ay as a function of the ratio of blue to red transmission for a light guide plate.
  • FIG. 5 is a graphical depiction of transmission curves for various light guide plates.
  • light guide assemblies comprising a light guide plate including a glass substrate having an edge surface and a light emitting surface, a polymeric film comprising a plurality of microstructures disposed on the light emitting surface of the glass substrate, and at least one light source optically coupled to the edge surface of the glass substrate.
  • light guide plates comprising a glass substrate having an edge surface and a light emitting surface, a polymeric film comprising a plurality of microstructures disposed on the light emitting surface of the glass substrate, and a combined light attenuation a' of less than about 5 dB/m for wavelengths ranging from about 420-750 nm.
  • Various devices comprising such light guides are also disclosed herein, such as display, lighting, and electronic devices, e.g., televisions, computers, phones, tablets, and other display panels, luminaires, solid-state lighting, billboards, and other architectural elements, to name a few.
  • display e.g., televisions, computers, phones, tablets, and other display panels, luminaires, solid-state lighting, billboards, and other architectural elements, to name a few.
  • FIGS. 1 -2 illustrate exemplary embodiments of microstructure arrays and light guide plates.
  • the following general description is intended to provide an overview of the claimed devices, and various aspects will be more specifically discussed throughout the disclosure with reference to the non-limiting depicted embodiments, these embodiments being interchangeable with one another within the context of the disclosure.
  • FIGS. 1 A-D illustrate various exemplary embodiments of a light guide plate (LGP) 100 comprising a glass substrate 110 and a polymeric film 120 comprising a plurality of microstructures 130.
  • the microstructures 130 comprise prisms 132 and rounded prisms 134, respectively.
  • the microstructures 130 may also comprise lenticular lenses 136.
  • the depicted microstructures are exemplary only and are not intended to limit the appending claims. Other microstructure shapes are possible and intended to fall within the scope of the disclosure.
  • FIGS. 1 A-C illustrate regular (or periodic) arrays, it is also possible to use an irregular (or non-periodic) array.
  • FIG. 1 D is an SEM image of a microstructured surface comprising a non- periodic array of prisms.
  • microstructures As used herein, the term "microstructures,” “microstructured,” and variations thereof is intended to refer to surface relief features of the polymeric film having at least one dimension (e.g., height, width, length, etc.) that is less than about 500 ⁇ , such as less than about 400 pm, less than about 300 ⁇ , less than about 200 m, less than about 100 m, less than about 50 m, or even less, e.g., ranging from about 10 Mm to about 500 Mm, including all ranges and subranges therebetween.
  • the microstructures may, in certain embodiments, have regular or irregular shapes, which can be identical or different within a given array. While
  • FIGS. 1A-D generally illustrate microstructures 130 of the same size and shape, which are evenly spaced apart at substantially the same pitch, it is to be understood that not all microstructures within a given array must have the same size and/or shape and/or spacing. Combinations of microstructure shapes and/or sizes may be used, and such combinations may be arranged in a periodic or non-periodic fashion.
  • the size and/or shape of the microstructures 130 can be varied depending on the desired light output and/or optical functionality of the LGP.
  • different microstructure shapes may result in different local dimming efficiencies, also referred to as the local dimming index (LDI).
  • LPI local dimming index
  • a periodic array of prism microstructures may result in an LDI value up to about 70%
  • a periodic array of lenticular lenses may result in an LDI value up to about 83%.
  • the microstructure size and/or shape and/or spacing may be varied to achieve different LDI values.
  • Different microstructure shapes may also provide additional optical functionalities. For instance, a prism array having a 90° prism angle may not only result in more efficient local dimming, but may also partially focus the light in a direction perpendicular to the prismatic ridges due to recycling and redirecting of the light rays.
  • the prism microstructures 132 can have a prism angle ⁇ ranging from about 60° to about 120°, such as from about 70° to about 1 10°, from about 80° to about 100°, or about 90°, including all ranges and subranges therebetween.
  • the lenticular lens microstructures 136 can have any given cross-sectional shape (as illustrated by the dashed lines), ranging from semi-circular, semi-elliptical, parabolic, or other similar rounded shapes.
  • At least one light source 140 can be optically coupled to an edge surface 150 of the glass substrate 110, e.g., positioned adjacent to the edge surface 150.
  • the term "optically coupled” is intended to denote that a light source is positioned at an edge of the LGP so as to introduce light into the LGP.
  • a light source may be optically coupled to the LGP even though it is not in physical contact with the LGP.
  • Additional light sources may also be optically coupled to other edge surfaces of the LGP, such as adjacent or opposing edge surfaces.
  • TIR total internal reflection
  • n x sin(# ; ) n 2 sin(# r )
  • the incident angle ⁇ under these conditions may also be referred to as the critical angle 0 C .
  • Light having an incident angle greater than the critical angle ( ⁇ , > 0 C ) will be totally internally reflected within the first material, whereas light with an incident angle equal to or less than the critical angle ( ⁇ , ⁇ 0 C ) will be transmitted by the first material.
  • the critical angle (0 C ) can be calculated as 41 °.
  • the critical angle 0 C
  • Polymeric film 120 may be disposed on a major surface of the glass substrate 110, such as light emitting surface 160.
  • the array of microstructures 130 may, along with other optional components of the LGP, direct the transmission of light in a forward direction (e.g., toward a user), as indicated by the dashed arrows.
  • light source 140 may be a Lambertian light source, such as a light emitting diode (LED). Light from the LEDs may spread quickly within the LGP, which can make it challenging to effect local dimming (e.g., by turning off one or more LEDs).
  • LED light emitting diode
  • each LED source effectively illuminates only a narrow strip of the LGP.
  • the illuminated strip may extend, for example, from the point of origin at the LED to a similar end point on the opposing edge.
  • the light guide assembly can be configured such that it is possible to achieve 2D local dimming.
  • one or more additional light sources can be optically coupled to an adjacent (e.g., orthogonal) edge surface.
  • a first polymeric film may be arranged on the light emitting surface having microstructures extending in a propagation direction, and a second polymeric film may be arranged on the opposing major surface, this film having microstructures extending in a direction orthogonal to the propagation direction.
  • 2D local dimming may be achieved by selectively shutting off one or more of the light sources along each edge surface.
  • the second major surface 170 of the glass substrate 110 may be patterned with a plurality of light extraction features.
  • the term "patterned" is intended to denote that the plurality of light extraction features is present on or in the surface of the substrate in any given pattern or design, which may, for example, be random or arranged, repetitive or non-repetitive, uniform or non-uniform.
  • the light extraction features may be located within the matrix of the glass substrate adjacent the surface, e.g., below the surface. For instance, the light extraction features may be distributed across the surface, e.g.
  • Suitable methods for creating such light extraction features can include printing, such as inkjet printing, screen printing, microprinting, and the like, texturing, mechanical roughening, etching, injection molding, coating, laser damaging, or any combination thereof.
  • Non-limiting examples of such methods include, for instance, acid etching a surface, coating a surface with Ti0 2 , and laser damaging the substrate by focusing a laser on a surface or within the substrate matrix.
  • the light extraction features optionally present on the first or second surface of the LGP may comprise light scattering sites.
  • the extraction features may be patterned in a suitable density so as to produce substantially uniform light output intensity across the light emitting surface of the glass substrate.
  • a density of the light extraction features proximate the light source may be lower than a density of the light extraction features at a point further removed from the light source, or vice versa, such as a gradient from one end to another, as appropriate to create the desired light output distribution across the LGP.
  • the LGP may be treated to create light extraction features according to any method known in the art, e.g., the methods disclosed in co-pending and co-owned International Patent Application Nos. PCT/US2013/063622 and PCT/US2014/070771 , each incorporated herein by reference in their entirety.
  • a surface of the LGP may be ground and/or polished to achieve the desired thickness and/or surface quality.
  • the surface may then be optionally cleaned and/or the surface to be etched may be subjected to a process for removing contamination, such as exposing the surface to ozone.
  • the surface to be etched may, by way of a non-limiting embodiment, be exposed to an acid bath, e.g., a mixture of glacial acetic acid (GAA) and ammonium fluoride (NH 4 F) in a ratio, e.g., ranging from about 1 : 1 to about 9:1 .
  • the etching time may range, for example, from about 30 seconds to about 15 minutes, and the etching may take place at room temperature or at elevated temperature.
  • Process parameters such as acid
  • the glass substrate 110 can have any desired size and/or shape as appropriate to produce a desired light distribution.
  • the glass substrate 110 may comprise a second major surface 170 opposite the light emitting surface 160.
  • the major surfaces may, in certain embodiments, be planar or substantially planar, e.g., substantially flat and/or level.
  • the first and second major surfaces may, in various embodiments, be parallel or substantially parallel.
  • the glass substrate 110 may comprise four edges as illustrated in FIG. 2, or may comprise more than four edges, e.g. a multi-sided polygon.
  • the glass substrate 110 may comprise less than four edges, e.g., a triangle.
  • the light guide may comprise a rectangular, square, or rhomboid sheet having four edges, although other shapes and configurations are intended to fall within the scope of the disclosure including those having one or more curvilinear portions or edges.
  • the glass substrate 110 may have a thickness di of less than or equal to about 3 mm, for example, ranging from about 0.1 mm to about 2.5 mm, from about 0.3 mm to about 2 mm, from about 0.5 mm to about 1 .5 mm, or from about 0.7 mm to about 1 mm, including all ranges and subranges therebetween.
  • the glass substrate 110 can comprise any material known in the art for use in display devices.
  • the glass substrate may comprise aluminosilicate, alkali-aluminosilicate, borosilicate, alkali-borosilicate, aluminoborosilicate, alkali-aluminoborosilicate, soda lime, or other suitable glasses.
  • Non-limiting examples of commercially available glasses suitable for use as a glass light guide include, for instance, EAGLE XG ® , LotusTM, Willow ® , IrisTM, and Gorilla ® glasses from Corning Incorporated.
  • Some non-limiting glass compositions can include between about 50 mol % to about 90 mol% Si0 2 , between 0 mol% to about 20 mol% Al 2 0 3 , between
  • R is any one or more of Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs and x is 2, or Zn, Mg, Ca, Sr or Ba and x is 1 .
  • the glass comprises less than 1 ppm each of Co, Ni, and Cr.
  • the concentration of Fe is ⁇ about 50 ppm, ⁇ about 20 ppm, or ⁇ about 10 ppm.
  • the glass comprises between about 60 mol % to about 80 mol% Si0 2 , between about 0.1 mol% to about 15 mol% Al 2 0 3 , 0 mol% to about 12 mol% B 2 0 3 , and about 0.1 mol% to about 15 mol% R 2 0 and about 0.1 mol% to about 15 mol% RO, wherein R is any one or more of Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs and x is 2, or Zn, Mg, Ca, Sr or Ba and x is 1 .
  • the glass composition can comprise between about 65.79 mol % to about 78.17 mol% Si0 2 , between about 2.94 mol% to about 12.12 mol% Al 2 0 3 , between about 0 mol% to about 1 1 .16 mol% B 2 0 3 , between about 0 mol% to about 2.06 mol% Li 2 0, between about 3.52 mol% to about 13.25 mol% Na 2 0, between about 0 mol% to about 4.83 mol% K 2 0, between about 0 mol% to about 3.01 mol% ZnO, between about 0 mol% to about 8.72 mol% MgO, between about 0 mol% to about 4.24 mol% CaO, between about 0 mol% to about 6.17 mol% SrO, between about 0 mol% to about 4.3 mol% BaO, and between about 0.07 mol% to about 0.1 1 mol% SnO 2 .
  • the glass substrate 110 can comprise an R x O/AI 2 O 3 ratio between 0.95 and 3.23, wherein R is any one or more of Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs and x is 2.
  • the glass substrate may comprise an R x O/AI 2 O 3 ratio between 1.18 and 5.68, wherein R is any one or more of Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs and x is 2, or Zn, Mg, Ca, Sr or Ba and x is 1 .
  • the glass substrate can comprise an R x O - AI 2 O 3 - MgO between -4.25 and 4.0, wherein R is any one or more of Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs and x is 2.
  • the glass substrate may comprise between about 66 mol % to about 78 mol% SiO 2 , between about 4 mol% to about 1 1 mol% AI 2 O 3 , between about 4 mol% to about 1 1 mol% B 2 O 3 , between about 0 mol% to about 2 mol% Li 2 O, between about 4 mol% to about 12 mol% Na 2 O, between about 0 mol% to about 2 mol% K 2 O, between about 0 mol% to about 2 mol% ZnO, between about 0 mol% to about 5 mol% MgO, between about 0 mol% to about 2 mol% CaO, between about 0 mol% to about 5 mol% SrO, between about 0 mol% to about 2 mol% BaO, and between about 0 mol% to about 2 mol% SnO 2 .
  • the glass substrate 110 can comprise between about 72 mol % to about 80 mol% SiO 2 , between about 3 mol% to about 7 mol% AI2O3, between about 0 mol% to about 2 mol% B2O3, between about 0 mol% to about 2 mol% Li 2 0, between about 6 mol% to about 15 mol% Na 2 0, between about 0 mol% to about 2 mol% K 2 0, between about 0 mol% to about 2 mol% ZnO, between about 2 mol% to about 10 mol% MgO, between about 0 mol% to about 2 mol% CaO, between about 0 mol% to about 2 mol% SrO, between about 0 mol% to about 2 mol% BaO, and between about 0 mol% to about 2 mol% SnO 2 .
  • the glass substrate can comprise between about 60 mol % to about 80 mol% SiO 2 , between about 0 mol% to about 15 mol% AI 2 O 3 , between about 0 mol% to about 15 mol% B 2 O3, and about 2 mol% to about 50 mol% R x O, wherein R is any one or more of Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs and x is 2, or Zn, Mg, Ca, Sr or Ba and x is 1 , and wherein Fe + 30Cr + 35Ni ⁇ about 60 ppm.
  • the glass substrate 110 can comprise a color shift Ay less than 0.015, such as ranging from about 0.005 to about 0.015 (e.g., about 0.005, 0.006, 0.007, 0.008, 0.009, 0.010, 0.011 , 0.012, 0.013, 0.014, or 0.015). In other embodiments, the glass substrate can comprise a color shift less than 0.008.
  • the glass substrate can have a light attenuation OH (e.g., due to absorption and/or scattering losses) of less than about 4 dB/m, such as less than about 3 dB/m, less than about 2 dB/m, less than about 1 dB/m, less than about 0.5 dB/m, less than about 0.2 dB/m, or even less, e.g., ranging from about 0.2 dB/m to about 4 dB/m, for wavelengths ranging from about 420-750 nm.
  • a light attenuation OH e.g., due to absorption and/or scattering losses
  • the glass substrate 110 may, in some embodiments, be chemically strengthened, e.g., by ion exchange.
  • ions within a glass sheet at or near the surface of the glass sheet may be exchanged for larger metal ions, for example, from a salt bath.
  • the incorporation of the larger ions into the glass can strengthen the sheet by creating a compressive stress in a near surface region.
  • a corresponding tensile stress can be induced within a central region of the glass sheet to balance the compressive stress.
  • Ion exchange may be carried out, for example, by immersing the glass in a molten salt bath for a predetermined period of time.
  • exemplary salt baths include, but are not limited to, KNO 3 , LiNO 3 , NaNO 3 , RbNO 3 , and combinations thereof.
  • the temperature of the molten salt bath and treatment time period can vary. It is within the ability of one skilled in the art to determine the time and temperature according to the desired application.
  • the temperature of the molten salt bath may range from about 400°C to about 800°C, such as from about 400°C to about 500°C, and the predetermined time period may range from about 4 to about 24 hours, such as from about 4 hours to about 10 hours, although other temperature and time combinations are envisioned.
  • the glass can be submerged in a KNO3 bath, for example, at about 450°C for about 6 hours to obtain a K-enriched layer which imparts a surface compressive stress.
  • the polymeric film 120 can comprise any polymeric material capable of being UV or thermally cured.
  • the polymeric material may further be chosen from compositions having a low color shift and/or low absorption of blue light wavelengths (e.g., ⁇ 450-500nm), as discussed in more detail below.
  • the polymeric film 120 may be thinly deposited on the light emitting surface of the glass substrate.
  • the polymeric film 120 may be continuous or discontinuous.
  • the polymeric film 120 may have an overall thickness d 2 and a "land" thickness t.
  • the overall thickness d 2 may be greater than a "land" thickness t.
  • microstructures 130 may comprise peaks p and valleys v, and the overall thickness may correspond to the height of the peaks p, whereas the land thickness may correspond to the height of the valleys v.
  • the polymeric film 120 may be discontinuous.
  • the land thickness t may range from 0 to about 250 m, such as from about 10 m to about 200 m, from about 20 Mm to about 150 Mm, or from about 50 Mm to about 100 Mm, including all ranges and subranges
  • the overall thickness d 2 may range from about 10 Mm to about 500 Mm, such as from about 20 Mm to about 400 Mm, from about 30 Mm to about 300 Mm, from about 40 Mm to about 200 m, or from about 50 Mm to about 100 m, including all ranges and subranges therebetween.
  • the microstructures 130 may also have a width w, which can be varied as desired to achieve a desired light output.
  • FIG. 3 illustrates the effect of aspect ratio (w/[d 2 -t]) on light confinement for a 1 D dimming configuration. Normalized power is plotted to represent the ability to efficiently confine light in a given width zone.
  • LGP thickness 2.5 mm
  • microstructures elliptical lenticular lenses
  • the aspect ratio corresponding to maximum dimming effectiveness for a 200 mm width zone (circle data points) is approximately 2.5.
  • the aspect ratio for achieving maximum dimming in a 100 mm width zone (square data points) is approximately 2.3.
  • the width w and/or overall thickness d may be varied to obtain a desired aspect ratio.
  • Variation of the land thickness t can also be used to modify the light output.
  • the aspect ratio of the microstructures 130 can range from about 0.1 to about 3, such as from about 0.5 to about 2.5, from about 1 to about 2.2, or from about 1 .5 to about 2, including all ranges and subranges therebetween. According to some
  • the aspect ratio can range from about 2 to about 3, e.g., about 2, 2.1 , 2.2, 2.3, 2.4, 2.5, 2.6, 2.7, 2.8, 2.9, or 3, including all ranges and subranges therebetween.
  • the width w of the microstructures can also range, for example, from about 1 m to about 250 m, such as from about 10 m to about 200 Mm, from about 20 Mm to about 150 Mm, or from about 50 Mm to about 100 Mm, including all ranges and subranges therebetween.
  • the microstructures 130 may have a length (not labeled) extending in the direction of light propagation (see solid arrow in FIG. 2), which can vary as desired, e.g., depending on the length L of the glass substrate.
  • the polymeric film 120 may, in certain embodiments, comprise a material that does not exhibit a noticeable color shift.
  • Several plastics and resins may have a tendency to develop a yellow tint over time due to light absorption of blue wavelengths (e.g., ⁇ 450-500 nm). This discoloration may worsen at elevated temperatures, for instance, within normal BLU operating temperatures.
  • BLUs incorporating LED light sources may exacerbate the color shift due to significant emission of blue wavelengths.
  • LEDs may be used to deliver white light by coating a blue-emitting LED with a color converting material (such as phosphors, etc.) that converts some of the blue light to red and green wavelengths, resulting in the overall perception of white light.
  • the LED emission spectrum may still have a strong emission peak in the blue region. If the polymeric film absorbs the blue light, it may be converted to heat, thereby further accelerating polymer degradation and further increasing blue light absorption over time.
  • FIG. 4 demonstrates the impact of the blue/red transmission ratio on color shift for an LGP.
  • color shift Ay increases in a nearly linear fashion as blue (450 nm) transmission decreases relative to red (630 nm) transmission.
  • red 630 nm
  • FIG. 5 illustrates the transmission spectra used to produce the correlation presented in FIG. 4. Table I below provides relevant details for transmission curves A- J.
  • the polymeric film may comprise only a small portion of the overall thickness of the LGP, the blue/red transmission ratio can be somewhat lower than that show in FIG. 4 (due to the relative thinness of the film) without dramatically impacting color shift performance of the overall LGP. However, it may still be desirable to reduce absorption of blue light and/or to provide a more homogenous absorption profile across the visible wavelength spectrum. For instance, the polymeric film may be selected to avoid chromophores that absorb at wavelengths > 450 nm.
  • the polymeric film may be chosen such that the concentration of blue light absorbing chromophores is less than about 5 ppm, such as less than about 1 ppm, less than about 0.5 ppm, or less than about 0.1 ppm, including all ranges and subranges therebetween.
  • the polymeric film may be modified to compensate for blue light absorption, e.g. by incorporating one or more dyes, pigments, and/or optical brighteners that absorb at yellow wavelengths (e.g., ⁇ 570-590 nm) to neutralize any potential color shift.
  • engineering the polymeric material to absorb both at blue and yellow wavelengths may lower the overall transmissivity of the film and, thus, the overall transmissivity of the LGP.
  • the polymeric film 120 may also be chosen to have a refractive index dispersion that balances interfacial Fresnel reflections in the blue and red spectral regions to minimize color shift along the length of the LGP.
  • the difference in Fresnel reflections at the substrate-polymeric film interface at 45° for wavelengths between about 450-630 nm may be less than 0.015%, such as less than 0.005%, or less than 0.001 %, including all ranges and subranges therebetween.
  • Other relevant dispersion characteristics are described in co-pending U.S. Provisional Application No. 62/348465, filed June 10, 2016, and entitled "Glass Articles Comprising Light Extraction Features," which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.
  • the polymeric film 120 may be molded to the light emitting surface 160 of the glass substrate 110.
  • the polymeric material may be imprinted or embossed with a desired surface pattern. This process may be referred to as "micro-replication,” in which a desired pattern is first manufactured as a mold and then pressed into the polymeric material to yield a negative replica of the mold shape.
  • the polymeric material may be UV cured or thermally cured during or after imprinting, which may be referred to as "UV embossing" and “thermal embossing,” respectively.
  • the polymeric film may be applied using hot embossing techniques, in which the polymeric material is first heated to a temperature above its glass transition point, followed by imprinting and cooling.
  • Other methods may include printing (e.g., screen printing, inkjet printing, microprinting, etc.) or extruding a layer of polymeric material onto the glass substrate and subsequently shaping (e.g. , molding, embossing, imprinting, etc.) the layer to the desired shape.
  • the glass substrate may comprise compositions having a first glass transition temperature T g i that is greater than a second glass transition temperature T g2 of the polymeric film.
  • a difference between the glass transition temperatures (T g -T g2 ) may be at least about 100°C, such as ranging from about 100°C to about 800°C, from about 200°C to about 700°C, from about 300°C to about 600°C, or from about 400°C to about 500°C, including all ranges and subranges therebetween.
  • This temperature differential may allow the polymeric material to be molded to the glass substrate without melting or otherwise negatively impacting the glass substrate during the molding process.
  • the glass substrate may have a first melting temperature T m i that is greater than a second melting temperature T m2 of the polymeric film and/or a first viscosity v-i that is greater than a second viscosity v 2 of the polymeric film at a given processing temperature.
  • the glass substrate, polymeric film, and/or LGP can, in certain embodiments be transparent or substantially transparent.
  • the term "transparent" is intended to denote that the substrate, film, or LGP has an optical transmission of greater than about 80% in the visible region of the spectrum ( ⁇ 420- 750nm).
  • an exemplary transparent material may have greater than about 85% transmittance in the visible light range, such as greater than about 90%, greater than about 95%, or greater than about 99% transmittance, including all ranges and subranges therebetween.
  • an exemplary transparent material may have an optical transmittance of greater than about 50% in the ultraviolet (UV) region ( ⁇ 100-400nm), such as greater than about 55%, greater than about 60%, greater than about 65%, greater than about 70%, greater than about 75%, greater than about 80%, greater than about 85%, greater than about 90%, greater than about 95%, or greater than about 99% transmittance, including all ranges and subranges therebetween.
  • UV ultraviolet
  • an exemplary transparent glass or polymeric material can comprise less than 1 ppm each of Co, Ni, and Cr. In some embodiments,
  • the concentration of Fe is ⁇ about 50 ppm, ⁇ about 20 ppm, or ⁇ about 10 ppm.
  • an exemplary transparent glass or polymeric material can comprise a color shift ⁇ 0.015 or, in some
  • Color shift may be characterized by measuring variation in the x and y chromaticity coordinates along the length L using the CIE 1931 standard for color measurements.
  • Exemplary light- guide plates have Ay ⁇ 0.01 , Ay ⁇ 0.005, Ay ⁇ 0.003, or Ay ⁇ 0.001 .
  • the optical light scattering characteristics of the LGP may also be affected by the refractive index of the glass and polymeric materials.
  • the glass may have a refractive index ranging from about 1.3 to about 1 .8, such as from about 1 .35 to about 1 .7, from about 1.4 to about 1 .65, from about 1 .45 to about 1 .6, or from about 1 .5 to about 1 .55, including all ranges and subranges therebetween.
  • the polymeric material may have an index of refraction substantially similar to that of the glass substrate.
  • substantially similar is intended to denote that two values are approximately equal, e.g., within about 10% of each other, such as within about 5% of each other, or within about 2% of each other in some cases.
  • a substantially similar refractive index may range from about 1 .35 to about 1 .65.
  • the LGP (glass + polymer) may have a relatively low level of light attenuation (e.g., due to absorption and/or scattering).
  • a' may be less than about 5 dB/m for wavelengths ranging from about 420-750 nm.
  • a' may be less than about 4 dB/m, less than about 3 dB/m, less than about 2 dB/m, less than about 1 dB/m, less than about 0.5 dB/m, less than about 0.2 dB/m, or even less, including all ranges and subranges therebetween, e.g., from about 0.2 dB/m to about 5 dB/m.
  • the combined attenuation of the LGP may vary depending, e.g., upon the thickness of the polymeric film and/or the ratio of overall polymer film thickness to overall LGP thickness (d 2 /D).
  • the polymeric film thickness and/or glass substrate thicknesses may be varied to achieve a desired attenuation value.
  • (d 2 /D) may range from about 1/2 to about 1/50, such as from about 1/3 to about 1/40, from about 1/5 to about 1/30, or from about 1/10 to about 1/20, including all ranges and subranges therebetween.
  • the LGPs disclosed herein may be used in various display devices including, but not limited to LCDs.
  • display devices can comprise at least one of the disclosed LGPs coupled to at least one light source, which may emit blue, UV, or near-UV light (e.g., approximately 100- 500 nm).
  • the light source may be a light emitting diode (LED).
  • the optical components of an exemplary LCD may further comprise a reflector, a diffuser, one or more prism films, one or more linear or reflecting polarizers, a thin film transistor (TFT) array, a liquid crystal layer, and one or more color filters, to name a few components.
  • TFT thin film transistor
  • the LGPs disclosed herein may also be used in various illuminating devices, such as luminaires or solid state lighting devices.
  • the terms “the,” “a,” or “an,” mean “at least one,” and should not be limited to “only one” unless explicitly indicated to the contrary.
  • reference to “a light source” includes examples having two or more such light sources unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.
  • a “plurality” or an “array” is intended to denote “more than one.”
  • a “plurality of light scattering features” includes two or more such features, such as three or more such features, etc.
  • an “array of microstructures” includes two or more such microstructures, such as three or more such microstructures, and so on.
  • Ranges can be expressed herein as from “about” one particular value, and/or to "about” another particular value. When such a range is expressed, examples include from the one particular value and/or to the other particular value. Similarly, when values are expressed as approximations, by use of the antecedent "about,” it will be understood that the particular value forms another aspect. It will be further understood that the endpoints of each of the ranges are significant both in relation to the other endpoint, and independently of the other endpoint.
  • substantially is intended to note that a described feature is equal or approximately equal to a value or description.
  • a “substantially planar” surface is intended to denote a surface that is planar or approximately planar.
  • substantially similar is intended to denote that two values are equal or approximately equal. In some embodiments, “substantially similar” may denote values within about 10% of each other, such as within about 5% of each other, or within about 2% of each other.

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Abstract

L'invention concerne des plaques de guidage de lumière comprenant un substrat en verre ayant une surface de bord et une surface d'émission de lumière, et un film polymère comprenant une pluralité de microstructures disposées sur la surface d'émission de lumière. Au moins une source de lumière peut être couplée à la surface de bord du substrat en verre. Les guides de lumière selon l'invention peuvent présenter une atténuation de lumière et/ou un décalage de couleur réduits. L'invention concerne également des dispositifs d'affichage et d'éclairage comprenant de telles plaques de guidage de lumière.
PCT/US2017/036705 2016-06-10 2017-06-09 Plaques de guidage de lumière microstructurées et dispositifs comprenant celles-ci WO2017214482A1 (fr)

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CN201780035979.8A CN109312909A (zh) 2016-06-10 2017-06-09 微结构化的导光板及包含该导光板的装置
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KR20200119858A (ko) * 2018-02-12 2020-10-20 코닝 인코포레이티드 세장형 미세 구조물들 및 광 추출 피쳐들을 갖는 유리 제품들
JP2021514538A (ja) * 2018-02-19 2021-06-10 コーニング インコーポレイテッド 無溶媒マイクロレプリケーション樹脂から作られたｌｃｄバックライトユニット
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US11287560B2 (en) 2017-02-16 2022-03-29 Corning Incorporated Backlight unit with one dimensional dimming
JP2021520044A (ja) * 2018-02-12 2021-08-12 コーニング インコーポレイテッド 細長微細構造および光抽出機構を備えるガラス物品
KR102530585B1 (ko) * 2018-02-12 2023-05-09 코닝 인코포레이티드 세장형 미세 구조물들 및 광 추출 피쳐들을 갖는 유리 제품들
JP7097997B2 (ja) 2018-02-12 2022-07-08 コーニング インコーポレイテッド 細長微細構造および光抽出機構を備えるガラス物品
KR20200119858A (ko) * 2018-02-12 2020-10-20 코닝 인코포레이티드 세장형 미세 구조물들 및 광 추출 피쳐들을 갖는 유리 제품들
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JP2021514538A (ja) * 2018-02-19 2021-06-10 コーニング インコーポレイテッド 無溶媒マイクロレプリケーション樹脂から作られたｌｃｄバックライトユニット
JP7271578B2 (ja) 2018-02-19 2023-05-11 コーニング インコーポレイテッド 無溶媒マイクロレプリケーション樹脂から作られたｌｃｄバックライトユニット
WO2019236516A1 (fr) * 2018-06-08 2019-12-12 Corning Incorporated Articles en verre comprenant des microstructures polymères allongées
JPWO2020004131A1 (ja) * 2018-06-27 2021-08-05 日本電気硝子株式会社 ガラス基板積層体の製造方法、ガラス基板、ガラス基板積層体及びヘッドマウントディスプレイ
WO2020004131A1 (fr) * 2018-06-27 2020-01-02 日本電気硝子株式会社 Procédé de production de stratifié de substrat de verre, substrat de verre, stratifié de substrat de verre et visiocasque
JP7228135B2 (ja) 2018-06-27 2023-02-24 日本電気硝子株式会社 ガラス基板積層体の製造方法、ガラス基板、ガラス基板積層体及びヘッドマウントディスプレイ
CN108995197A (zh) * 2018-07-06 2018-12-14 新谱（广州）电子有限公司 一种有效提高背光源辉度及改善热点的导光板制作工艺
CN108732676A (zh) * 2018-07-25 2018-11-02 东莞市银泰丰光学科技有限公司 一种玻璃导光板表面lenti微结构的加工方法

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