WO2017207526A1 - Cooling system - Google Patents

Cooling system Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017207526A1
WO2017207526A1 PCT/EP2017/062965 EP2017062965W WO2017207526A1 WO 2017207526 A1 WO2017207526 A1 WO 2017207526A1 EP 2017062965 W EP2017062965 W EP 2017062965W WO 2017207526 A1 WO2017207526 A1 WO 2017207526A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
pressure fluid
compressor
fluid line
line
valve
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2017/062965
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Andreas Hilgert
Bruno Hoffmann
Marlene Kreutz
Original Assignee
Eaton Industrial IP GmbH & Co. KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Eaton Industrial IP GmbH & Co. KG filed Critical Eaton Industrial IP GmbH & Co. KG
Priority to US16/305,903 priority Critical patent/US20200318869A1/en
Priority to CN201780045462.7A priority patent/CN109477674A/en
Priority to EP17726313.4A priority patent/EP3465028A1/en
Publication of WO2017207526A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017207526A1/en

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B31/00—Compressor arrangements
    • F25B31/006—Cooling of compressor or motor
    • F25B31/008—Cooling of compressor or motor by injecting a liquid
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B49/00—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
    • F25B49/005—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices of safety devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2500/00—Problems to be solved
    • F25B2500/07—Exceeding a certain pressure value in a refrigeration component or cycle
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2500/00—Problems to be solved
    • F25B2500/08—Exceeding a certain temperature value in a refrigeration component or cycle
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B40/00—Subcoolers, desuperheaters or superheaters

Definitions

  • Cooling system The invention relates to a cooling system comprising, connected in a loop by fluid lines and in succession, a compressor, a condenser, an expansion valve and an evaporator, further comprising an internal heat exchanger having a first conduit in heat exchanging contact with a second conduit, wherein the first conduit is part of the high pressure fluid line between the condenser and the expansion valve and wherein the second conduit is part of the low pressure fluid line between the evaporator and the compressor.
  • Such a cooling system is for example known from EP 1043550. This
  • the internal heat exchanger has the advantage of improving the COP during most of the operation conditions of the cooling system, in high load point conditions, the internal heat exchanger result in a disadvantage, because the fluid in the bw pressure fluid line could get too much superheated. This results in a decrease of the volumetric efficiency of the compressor, which in turn results in a decreased COP. It also results in a too high compressor outlet temperature, which has negative effects on for example the oil, and it could lead to overheating of the compressor it self.
  • a cooling system which is characterized by a bypass line connecting the high pressure fluid line with the bw pressure fluid line for injecting small amounts of liquid fluid from the high pressure fluid line into the bw pressure fluid line;
  • control means for monitoring the load point of the compressor and for controlling the valve to an open position when the bad point exceeds a threshold.
  • the load point of the compressor is monitored and when the bad point becomes too high, which would result in too much superheated vapor in the low pressure fluid line, the valve is controlled open for a short time, such that a small amount of fluid from the high pressure fluid line is injected into the low pressure fluid line.
  • the fluid in the high pressure fluid line is liquid and upon injection in the bw pressure fluid line, the liquid fluid will evaporate resulting in a cool down of the superheated vapor in the low pressure fluid line.
  • the valve is controlled to close the bypass line, such that the cooling system can operate in the common way.
  • bypass line is arranged in the internal heat exchanger between the first conduit and the second conduit.
  • bypass line By arranging the bypass line in the internal heat exchanger, it is more easy to convert existing layouts to a cooling system according to the invention. It would only require to exchange the internal heat exchanger of an existing cooling system with an internal heat exchanger incorporating a bypass line to convert an existing cooling system to a cooling system according to the invention.
  • the position of the bypass line in the internal heat exchanger could be chosen depending on the conditions, for example at the beginning, the middle or the end of the internal heat exchanger in view of the liquid side.
  • a further embodiment of the cooling system according to the invention further comprises a temperature sensor and/or a pressure sensor connected to the control means and arranged in the bw pressure fluid line, preferably near the compressor.
  • Whether the vapor in the low pressure fluid line is too much superheated can be derived from the temperature of the fluid in the bw pressure fluid line or the pressure thereof. Also a combination of temperature and pressure can be used to determine whether the vapor is too much superheated and the valve needs to be controlled open to cool the vapor down.
  • valve is a back pressure valve or a thermostat valve having the respective sensor in fluid connection with the bw pressure fluid line.
  • These valves provide mechanical control means, wherein the superheated condition is mechanically detected and the valve is opened when the pressure exceeds a threshold or the temperature causes a bi-metal to open the valve.
  • valve and control means could also be embodied as a small hole.
  • the flow through this hole will only be considerate, when the pressure difference between the first and second conduit. So, by designing the dimensions of this hole, the same effect as a back pressure valve could be obtained.
  • the invention also relates to a method for controlling a cooling system according to the invention, which method comprises the steps:
  • the bad point of the compressor is monitored by the temperature of the fluid entering the compressor.
  • This temperature is measured for example in the low pressure fluid line just before the fluid enters the compressor. This provides a reliable value to determine whether the overheated vapor should be cooled down by injection of liquid fluid from the high pressure fluid line.
  • Figure 1 shows a schematic view of a first embodiment of a cooling system according to the invention.
  • Figure 2 shows a schematic view of a second embodiment of a cooling system according to the invention.
  • FIG. 1 shows a first embodiment of a cooling system 1 according to the invention.
  • the cooling system 1 has connected in a bop by fluid lines and in succession, a compressor 2, a condenser 3, an expansion valve 4 and an evaporator 5.
  • an internal heat exchanger 6 is provided with a first conduit 7 arranged in the high pressure fluid line 8, 9 between the condenser 3 and the expansion valve 4.
  • the internal heat exchanger 6 has a second conduit 10 in heat exchanging contact with the first conduit 7, and arranged in the bw pressure fluid line 11, 12 between the evaporator 5 and the compressor 2.
  • a bypass line 13 with a valve 14 is provided between the high pressure line 8 and the bw pressure line 12.
  • a temperature sensor 15 is furthermore provided in the low pressure fluid line 12 to detect the temperature of the vapor.
  • the temperature sensor 15 is connected to the controller 16, which can control the valve 14 open or dosed.
  • the controller 16 thus checks whether the temperature measured by the temperature sensor 15 exceeds a threshold and then controls the valve 14 to an open state, such that liquid fluid can flow from the high pressure line 8 via the bypass line 13 to the bw pressure line 12 to cool down the vapor in the bw pressure line.
  • FIG. 2 shows schematically a second embodiment 20 of a cooling system according to the invention.
  • the cooling system 20 has schematically, a compressor 21, a condenser 22, a restriction 23 and an evaporator 24.
  • An internal heat exchanger 25 is provided having an internal channel 26 and an concentrically arranged external channel 27.
  • the external channel provides the high pressure fluid line and connects the condenser 22 with the restriction 23, while the internal channel 26 connects the evaporator 24 with the compressor 21 and provides the bw pressure fluid line.
  • a valve 28 is provided between the wall of the internal channel 26 and the external channel 27. This valve 28 is operated by an actuator 29, which can be triggered by the temperature or the pressure in the bw pressure fluid line.
  • liquid fluid can flow from the high pressure fluid line to the bw pressure fluid line to cool the vapor in the bw pressure fluid line.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Air Conditioning Control Device (AREA)
  • Compression-Type Refrigeration Machines With Reversible Cycles (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a cooling system (1) comprising, connected in a loop by fluid lines and in succession, a compressor (2), a condenser (3), an expansion valve (4) and an evaporator (5), further comprising an internal heat exchanger (6) having a first conduit in heat exchanging contact with a second conduit, wherein the first conduit (7) is part of the high pressure fluid line (8,9) between the condenser and the expansion valve and wherein the second conduit (10) is part of the low pressure fluid line (11,12) between the evaporator and the compressor, further comprising: a bypass line (13) connecting the high pressure fluid line with the low pressure fluid line for injecting small amounts of liquid fluid from the high pressure fluid line into the low pressure fluid line; and a valve (14) arranged in the bypass line for opening or closing the bypass line; and control means (15,16) for monitoring the load point of the compressor and for controlling the valve to an open position when the bad point exceeds a threshold.

Description

Cooling system The invention relates to a cooling system comprising, connected in a loop by fluid lines and in succession, a compressor, a condenser, an expansion valve and an evaporator, further comprising an internal heat exchanger having a first conduit in heat exchanging contact with a second conduit, wherein the first conduit is part of the high pressure fluid line between the condenser and the expansion valve and wherein the second conduit is part of the low pressure fluid line between the evaporator and the compressor.
Such a cooling system is for example known from EP 1043550. This
publication describes a cooling system in which a fluid, in particular C02 is used, which is made super-critical in the high pressure line between the compressor and the expansion valve. The internal heat exchanger cools the fluid in the high pressure line, such that the COP (coefficient of performance) of the cooling system is improved.
During high bad points, typically at high condensation temperature with a low pressure on the suction side of the compressor, the vapor in the bw pressure fluid line could be superheated too much. This effect is partially contributed to the internal heat exchanger, which transfers heat from the high pressure fluid line to the low pressure fluid line.
So, although the internal heat exchanger has the advantage of improving the COP during most of the operation conditions of the cooling system, in high load point conditions, the internal heat exchanger result in a disadvantage, because the fluid in the bw pressure fluid line could get too much superheated. This results in a decrease of the volumetric efficiency of the compressor, which in turn results in a decreased COP. It also results in a too high compressor outlet temperature, which has negative effects on for example the oil, and it could lead to overheating of the compressor it self.
It is an object of the invention to reduce the above mentioned disadvantages. This object is achieved with a cooling system according to the preamble, which is characterized by a bypass line connecting the high pressure fluid line with the bw pressure fluid line for injecting small amounts of liquid fluid from the high pressure fluid line into the bw pressure fluid line; and
- a valve arranged in the bypass line for opening or cbsing the bypass line; and
- control means for monitoring the load point of the compressor and for controlling the valve to an open position when the bad point exceeds a threshold.
With the cooling system according to the invention, the load point of the compressor is monitored and when the bad point becomes too high, which would result in too much superheated vapor in the low pressure fluid line, the valve is controlled open for a short time, such that a small amount of fluid from the high pressure fluid line is injected into the low pressure fluid line. The fluid in the high pressure fluid line is liquid and upon injection in the bw pressure fluid line, the liquid fluid will evaporate resulting in a cool down of the superheated vapor in the low pressure fluid line.
As soon as the vapor is cooled down and the bad point is below the threshold, the valve is controlled to close the bypass line, such that the cooling system can operate in the common way.
In a preferred embodiment of the cooling system according to the invention the bypass line is arranged in the internal heat exchanger between the first conduit and the second conduit.
By arranging the bypass line in the internal heat exchanger, it is more easy to convert existing layouts to a cooling system according to the invention. It would only require to exchange the internal heat exchanger of an existing cooling system with an internal heat exchanger incorporating a bypass line to convert an existing cooling system to a cooling system according to the invention.
The position of the bypass line in the internal heat exchanger could be chosen depending on the conditions, for example at the beginning, the middle or the end of the internal heat exchanger in view of the liquid side.
A further embodiment of the cooling system according to the invention further comprises a temperature sensor and/or a pressure sensor connected to the control means and arranged in the bw pressure fluid line, preferably near the compressor.
Whether the vapor in the low pressure fluid line is too much superheated can be derived from the temperature of the fluid in the bw pressure fluid line or the pressure thereof. Also a combination of temperature and pressure can be used to determine whether the vapor is too much superheated and the valve needs to be controlled open to cool the vapor down.
In another embodiment of the cooling system according to the invention the valve is a back pressure valve or a thermostat valve having the respective sensor in fluid connection with the bw pressure fluid line. These valves provide mechanical control means, wherein the superheated condition is mechanically detected and the valve is opened when the pressure exceeds a threshold or the temperature causes a bi-metal to open the valve.
Depending on the general conditions in the internal heat exchanger, the valve and control means could also be embodied as a small hole. The flow through this hole will only be considerate, when the pressure difference between the first and second conduit. So, by designing the dimensions of this hole, the same effect as a back pressure valve could be obtained.
The invention also relates to a method for controlling a cooling system according to the invention, which method comprises the steps:
- while having the bypass line closed, monitoring the bad point of the compressor;
- when the monitored bad point exceeds a threshold, shortly opening the bypass line by controlling the valve, to inject an amount of liquid from the high pressure fluid line into the bw pressure fluid line.
In a preferred embodiment of the method according to the invention the bad point of the compressor is monitored by the temperature of the fluid entering the compressor.
This temperature is measured for example in the low pressure fluid line just before the fluid enters the compressor. This provides a reliable value to determine whether the overheated vapor should be cooled down by injection of liquid fluid from the high pressure fluid line.
In yet another embodiment of the method according to the invention the bad point of the compressor is monitored by the pressure of the fluid entering the
compressor.
These and other features of the invention will be elucidated in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Figure 1 shows a schematic view of a first embodiment of a cooling system according to the invention.
Figure 2 shows a schematic view of a second embodiment of a cooling system according to the invention.
Figure 1 shows a first embodiment of a cooling system 1 according to the invention. The cooling system 1 has connected in a bop by fluid lines and in succession, a compressor 2, a condenser 3, an expansion valve 4 and an evaporator 5. To further improve the efficiency of the cooling system 1 an internal heat exchanger 6 is provided with a first conduit 7 arranged in the high pressure fluid line 8, 9 between the condenser 3 and the expansion valve 4. The internal heat exchanger 6 has a second conduit 10 in heat exchanging contact with the first conduit 7, and arranged in the bw pressure fluid line 11, 12 between the evaporator 5 and the compressor 2.
A bypass line 13 with a valve 14 is provided between the high pressure line 8 and the bw pressure line 12. A temperature sensor 15 is furthermore provided in the low pressure fluid line 12 to detect the temperature of the vapor. The temperature sensor 15 is connected to the controller 16, which can control the valve 14 open or dosed.
The controller 16 thus checks whether the temperature measured by the temperature sensor 15 exceeds a threshold and then controls the valve 14 to an open state, such that liquid fluid can flow from the high pressure line 8 via the bypass line 13 to the bw pressure line 12 to cool down the vapor in the bw pressure line.
Figure 2 shows schematically a second embodiment 20 of a cooling system according to the invention. The cooling system 20 has schematically, a compressor 21, a condenser 22, a restriction 23 and an evaporator 24.
An internal heat exchanger 25 is provided having an internal channel 26 and an concentrically arranged external channel 27. The external channel provides the high pressure fluid line and connects the condenser 22 with the restriction 23, while the internal channel 26 connects the evaporator 24 with the compressor 21 and provides the bw pressure fluid line.
Due to the concentric arrangement of the internal channel 26 and the external channel 27 heat can be exchanged between the high pressure fluid line and the low pressure fluid line.
Furthermore, a valve 28 is provided between the wall of the internal channel 26 and the external channel 27. This valve 28 is operated by an actuator 29, which can be triggered by the temperature or the pressure in the bw pressure fluid line.
When the valve 28 is opened, liquid fluid can flow from the high pressure fluid line to the bw pressure fluid line to cool the vapor in the bw pressure fluid line.

Claims

Claims
1. Cooling system comprising, connected in a bop by fluid lines and in succession, a compressor, a condenser, an expansion valve and an evaporator, further comprising an internal heat exchanger having a first conduit in heat exchanging contact with a second conduit, wherein the first conduit is part of the high pressure fluid line between the condenser and the expansion valve and wherein the second conduit is part of the bw pressure fluid line between the evaporator and the compressor,
characterized by
- a bypass line connecting the high pressure fluid line with the bw pressure fluid line for injecting small amounts of liquid fluid from the high pressure fluid line into the bw pressure fluid line; and
- a valve arranged in the bypass line for opening or cbsing the bypass line; and
- control means for monitoring the load point of the compressor and for controlling the valve to an open position when the bad point exceeds a threshold.
2. Cooling system according to claim 1, wherein the bypass line is arranged in the internal heat exchanger between the first conduit and the second conduit.
3. Cooling system according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising a temperature sensor and/or a pressure sensor connected to the control means and arranged in the bw pressure fluid line, preferably near the compressor.
4. Cooling system according to the preceding claims, wherein the valve is a back pressure valve or a thermostat valve having the respective sensor in fluid connection with the bw pressure fluid line.
5. Method for controlling a cooling system according to the preceding claims, which method comprises the steps:
- while having the bypass line closed, monitoring the bad point of the compressor;
- when the monitored bad point exceeds a threshold, shortly opening the bypass line by controlling the valve, to inject an amount of liquid from the high pressure fluid line into the bw pressure fluid line.
6. Method according to claim 5, wherein the load point of the compressor is monitored by the temperature of the fluid entering the compressor.
7. Method according to claim 5 or 6, wherein the load point of the compressor is monitored by the pressure of the fluid entering the compressor.
PCT/EP2017/062965 2016-05-31 2017-05-30 Cooling system WO2017207526A1 (en)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US16/305,903 US20200318869A1 (en) 2016-05-31 2017-05-30 Cooling system
CN201780045462.7A CN109477674A (en) 2016-05-31 2017-05-30 Cooling system
EP17726313.4A EP3465028A1 (en) 2016-05-31 2017-05-30 Cooling system

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB1609498.9A GB2550921A (en) 2016-05-31 2016-05-31 Cooling system
GB1609498.9 2016-05-31

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2017207526A1 true WO2017207526A1 (en) 2017-12-07

Family

ID=56410761

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/EP2017/062965 WO2017207526A1 (en) 2016-05-31 2017-05-30 Cooling system

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US20200318869A1 (en)
EP (1) EP3465028A1 (en)
CN (1) CN109477674A (en)
GB (1) GB2550921A (en)
WO (1) WO2017207526A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102020118740A1 (en) * 2020-07-15 2022-01-20 Bitzer Kühlmaschinenbau Gmbh refrigerant compressor

Citations (4)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3851494A (en) * 1972-08-10 1974-12-03 Bosch Gmbh Robert Motor vehicle cooling system with bypass regulated heat exchanger
DE4206926A1 (en) * 1992-03-05 1993-09-09 Stiebel Eltron Gmbh & Co Kg Refrigerating machine with injection tube to compressor - for cooling without affecting system control characteristics
WO2006024182A2 (en) * 2004-09-03 2006-03-09 Felix Kalberer Method and system for controlling a carnot-cycle process
JP2012093048A (en) * 2010-10-28 2012-05-17 Sanden Corp Refrigeration cycle device

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JPH11193967A (en) * 1997-12-26 1999-07-21 Zexel:Kk Refrigerating cycle
JP4059616B2 (en) * 2000-06-28 2008-03-12 株式会社デンソー Heat pump water heater
NO318864B1 (en) * 2002-12-23 2005-05-18 Sinvent As Improved heat pump system
JP4731806B2 (en) * 2003-12-01 2011-07-27 パナソニック株式会社 Refrigeration cycle apparatus and control method thereof
JP2007240041A (en) * 2006-03-07 2007-09-20 Tgk Co Ltd Expansion valve
JP5186951B2 (en) * 2008-02-29 2013-04-24 ダイキン工業株式会社 Air conditioner
US8931288B2 (en) * 2012-10-19 2015-01-13 Lennox Industries Inc. Pressure regulation of an air conditioner
JP6037794B2 (en) * 2012-11-21 2016-12-07 三菱重工業株式会社 Refrigeration / air conditioner and control method of refrigeration / air conditioner

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3851494A (en) * 1972-08-10 1974-12-03 Bosch Gmbh Robert Motor vehicle cooling system with bypass regulated heat exchanger
DE4206926A1 (en) * 1992-03-05 1993-09-09 Stiebel Eltron Gmbh & Co Kg Refrigerating machine with injection tube to compressor - for cooling without affecting system control characteristics
WO2006024182A2 (en) * 2004-09-03 2006-03-09 Felix Kalberer Method and system for controlling a carnot-cycle process
JP2012093048A (en) * 2010-10-28 2012-05-17 Sanden Corp Refrigeration cycle device

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN109477674A (en) 2019-03-15
EP3465028A1 (en) 2019-04-10
GB201609498D0 (en) 2016-07-13
US20200318869A1 (en) 2020-10-08
GB2550921A (en) 2017-12-06

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