WO2017206963A1 - 数据单元的发送、处理方法及装置、站点 - Google Patents

数据单元的发送、处理方法及装置、站点 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017206963A1
WO2017206963A1 PCT/CN2017/087214 CN2017087214W WO2017206963A1 WO 2017206963 A1 WO2017206963 A1 WO 2017206963A1 CN 2017087214 W CN2017087214 W CN 2017087214W WO 2017206963 A1 WO2017206963 A1 WO 2017206963A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
pilot
data
displacement
data unit
ofdm symbol
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PCT/CN2017/087214
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
张博
邢卫民
姚珂
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中兴通讯股份有限公司
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Publication of WO2017206963A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017206963A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L27/00—Modulated-carrier systems
    • H04L27/26—Systems using multi-frequency codes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L27/00—Modulated-carrier systems
    • H04L27/26—Systems using multi-frequency codes
    • H04L27/2601—Multicarrier modulation systems
    • H04L27/2602—Signal structure
    • H04L27/261—Details of reference signals
    • H04L27/2613—Structure of the reference signals
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L27/00—Modulated-carrier systems
    • H04L27/26—Systems using multi-frequency codes
    • H04L27/2601—Multicarrier modulation systems
    • H04L27/2602—Signal structure

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of communications, and in particular to a method, a device, and a station for transmitting and processing a data unit.
  • Wireless Local Area Networks (WLAN) communication mainly includes 802.11 series protocols. From 802.11a/g/n/ac to the current 802.11ax evolution, it supports higher bandwidth and more. Users and higher speeds, denser networks, are more robust to the environment.
  • 802.11a/g/n/ac From 802.11a/g/n/ac to the current 802.11ax evolution, it supports higher bandwidth and more. Users and higher speeds, denser networks, are more robust to the environment.
  • the 802.11 protocol adds pilots to each of the data symbols transmitted at the physical layer to correct the phase offset of each symbol and perform symbol-level phase tracking.
  • the station receives the data unit sent by the transmitting end, and applies the channel estimation obtained by the training sequence in the preamble to the data field in the data unit for signal detection.
  • the physical layer sends a longer data unit, and the channel between the AP and the station occurs.
  • the channel information obtained by the preamble estimation in the physical layer data unit is not applicable to the data analysis in the latter part of the data unit data field.
  • OFDMA Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access
  • 11ax the entire bandwidth is cut into multiple resource blocks, each resource block corresponds to one user, and each user has a single or Multiple data streams, different resource units (RUs) have different pilot patterns, in the case of OFDMA or Multi-User Multiple-input Multiple-Output (MU-MIMO), due to The channel change caused by the Doppler environment frequency shift, the station cannot update the channel information in the data unit by the previous method.
  • OFDMA Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access
  • MU-MIMO Multi-User Multiple-input Multiple-Output
  • the embodiments of the present invention provide a method, a device, and a station for transmitting and processing data units, so as to at least solve the problem that the station cannot update channel information in the same data unit in the case of OFDMA or MU-MIMO in the related art.
  • a method for transmitting a data unit comprising: generating a data unit, wherein a data field in the data unit includes one or more orthogonal frequency division multiplexing OFDM symbol blocks, wherein each One or more OFDM symbols are included in the OFDM symbol block; the preamble portion in the data unit includes: displacement pilot information used to indicate an OFDM symbol in each of the OFDM symbol blocks in the data field; Send a data unit.
  • the method before the generating the data unit, further includes: receiving a trigger frame sent by the access station, where the trigger frame includes, for each of the multiple sites, generating the The indication information of the data unit; wherein the indication information includes the displacement pilot information; generating the data unit comprises: generating the data unit according to the indication information.
  • the displacement pilot information includes at least one of: a displacement pilot interval, where the displacement pilot interval is used to indicate that the adjacent orthogonal frequency division multiplexing OFDM symbol in the data field corresponds to The interval of the pilot subcarriers; the displacement pilot cycle period is used to indicate the number of OFDM symbols that the pilot subcarriers in the data field traverse all data subcarriers; Indicates the displacement pilot processing mode of the station participating in the multi-user transmission.
  • the data unit is sent by at least one of the following: a single-stream orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) multi-user mode, a multi-stream OFDMA multi-user mode, and a multiple input multiple output MIMO mode.
  • OFDMA orthogonal frequency division multiple access
  • the displacement pilot processing mode includes that a resource unit corresponding to a site in multiple sites adopts a unified displacement pilot processing method, or a resource unit corresponding to each site in multiple sites is independent.
  • the displacement pilot processing method; wherein the displacement pilot processing method is that the station updates the channel information according to the displacement pilot.
  • the displacement pilot mode when the ratio of the number of data subcarriers in the resource unit corresponding to each of the multiple sites to the number of pilot subcarriers is the same, the displacement pilot mode is The resource unit corresponding to each of the multiple sites adopts a unified displacement pilot processing method; the number of data subcarriers of the resource unit corresponding to each of the multiple sites and the number of pilot subcarriers When the ratio is different, the displacement pilot mode adopts an independent displacement pilot processing method for resource units corresponding to each of the plurality of stations.
  • the number of OFDM symbols in each of the OFDM symbol blocks is equal to the number of space-time streams indicated in the signaling field in the preamble portion, and the OFDM is in the same OFDM symbol block.
  • the subcarrier index at which the pilot subcarrier position of the symbol is located is the same.
  • the value of the pilot subcarrier position of the OFDM symbol in each OFDM symbol block is determined by at least one of: determining by using a projection matrix and a pilot sequence; and length of the training field in the data unit The value of the corresponding subcarrier position in the training sequence is taken as the value of the pilot subcarrier position of the OFDM symbol in each OFDM symbol block.
  • a method for processing a data unit comprising: receiving a data unit transmitted by a transmitting station, wherein a data field in the data unit includes one or more orthogonal frequency division multiplexing OFDM symbol blocks. Wherein each of the OFDM symbol blocks includes one or more OFDM symbols; the preamble portion of the data unit includes: a displacement for indicating an OFDM symbol in each of the OFDM symbol blocks in the data field Pilot information; updating channel information of a resource unit corresponding to the local station according to the displacement pilot information.
  • the displacement pilot information includes at least one of: a displacement pilot interval, where the displacement pilot interval is used to indicate adjacent orthogonal frequency division in a data field in the data unit.
  • the interval of the pilot subcarriers corresponding to the OFDM symbols is multiplexed; the pilot pilot cycle is used to indicate that the pilot subcarriers in the data field traverse all the data subcarriers The number of OFDM symbols; the displacement pilot processing mode used to indicate the stations participating in the multi-user transmission.
  • the displacement pilot processing mode includes: each of a plurality of sites The resource unit corresponding to the station adopts a unified displacement pilot processing method, or the resource unit corresponding to each station of the multiple stations adopts an independent displacement pilot processing method; wherein the displacement pilot processing method is that the station is guided according to the displacement The channel information is updated frequently.
  • the displacement pilot mode when the ratio of the number of data subcarriers of the resource unit corresponding to each of the multiple sites to the number of pilot subcarriers is the same, the displacement pilot mode is the multiple
  • the resource unit corresponding to each of the stations adopts a unified displacement pilot processing method; the ratio of the number of data subcarriers of the resource unit corresponding to each of the plurality of stations to the number of pilot subcarriers
  • the displacement pilot mode uses an independent displacement pilot processing method for resource units corresponding to each of the plurality of stations.
  • the displacement pilot information is carried in a signaling field of the preamble portion.
  • updating channel information of a resource unit corresponding to the local station according to the displacement pilot information includes: obtaining, according to the displacement pilot information, a pilot of an OFDM symbol in a data field in the data unit Position of the subcarrier; updating the channel information according to the pilot subcarrier at the location.
  • updating the channel information according to the pilot subcarriers in the location includes: initializing, by using training data in a preamble in the data unit, an initial of a resource unit corresponding to the local station. Channel estimation; parsing a first one of the data fields in the data unit by using the initial channel estimate; performing the following process until the update is performed by using the first OFDM symbol as a starting point for updating the initial channel information
  • the channel information is estimated by using pilot subcarriers of the Nth OFDM symbol in the data field to obtain first channel information; and the obtained first channel information is replaced by the initial channel estimation.
  • updating the letter according to the pilot subcarrier at the location The channel information includes: obtaining an initial channel estimate of the resource unit corresponding to the local station by using training data in the preamble in the data unit; and demodulating the first data field in the data unit by using the initial channel estimation Up to M OFDM symbols; performing the following processing in units of M OFDM symbols in the data field, starting from the 1st to M OFDM symbols of the data field, until the initial channel estimation is updated Estimating the channel information by using the pilot subcarriers of the M OFDM symbols to obtain M channel information; and replacing the channel information corresponding to the M OFDM symbols in the initial channel estimation by the M channel information, and obtaining an update a subsequent initial channel estimate; wherein the updated initial channel estimate is used to demodulate M OFDM symbols after the M OFDM symbols in the data field; wherein 1 ⁇ M ⁇ T, M is an integer , T is the displacement pilot cycle period.
  • the data unit is received by at least one of the following methods: a single-stream orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDM) mode, a multi-stream OFDMA mode, and a multiple-input multiple-output MIMO mode.
  • OFDM orthogonal frequency division multiple access
  • a transmitting unit for a data unit comprising: a generating module configured to generate a data unit, wherein a data field in the data unit includes one or more orthogonal frequency division multiplexing An OFDM symbol block, wherein each of the OFDM symbol blocks includes one or more OFDM symbols; a preamble portion of the data unit includes: OFDM for indicating each of the OFDM symbol blocks in the data field A displacement pilot information of a symbol; a transmitting module configured to transmit the data unit.
  • a receiving apparatus for a data unit comprising: a receiving module configured to receive a data unit transmitted by a transmitting station, wherein a data field in the data unit includes one or more orthogonal Frequency division multiplexed OFDM symbol blocks, wherein each of the OFDM symbol blocks includes one or more OFDM symbols; the preamble portion of the data unit includes: for indicating each of the OFDM symbols in the data field The displacement pilot information of the OFDM symbol in the block; the updating module is configured to update the channel information of the resource unit corresponding to the local station according to the displacement pilot information.
  • a station including the above described transmitting device.
  • a station including the processing device described above.
  • a storage medium is also provided.
  • the storage medium is arranged to store program code for performing the steps of: generating a data unit, wherein the data field in the data unit comprises one or more orthogonal frequency division multiplexing OFDM symbol blocks, wherein each of the OFDM symbols
  • the block includes one or more OFDM symbols;
  • the preamble portion of the data unit includes: displacement pilot information for indicating an OFDM symbol in each of the OFDM symbol blocks in the data field.
  • a storage medium comprising a stored program, wherein the program is executed to perform the method of any of the above.
  • a processor for running a program wherein the program is executed to perform the method of any of the above.
  • the displacement pilot information for indicating the OFDM symbol in each OFDM symbol block in the data field is set in the data unit, the displacement can be utilized when the Doppler environment frequency shift causes the channel change.
  • the pilot information is used to update the channel information, and solves the problem that the station cannot update the channel information in the same data unit in the case of OFDMA or MU-MIMO in the related art.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a network architecture of a multi-user transmission of a WLAN communication system according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a flowchart of a method of transmitting a data unit according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a unified displacement pilot processing method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a multi-user displacement pilot independent indication under OFDMA according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a flowchart of a method of processing a data unit according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of resource block allocation of a full bandwidth according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram showing the displacement of the i+1th symbol shifted pilot of a complete bandwidth according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of any two RU independent displacement pilot profiles provided in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a multi-space time stream displacement pilot according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 10 is a structural block diagram of a transmitting apparatus of a data unit according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 11 is a block diagram showing the structure of a receiving apparatus of a data unit according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the embodiment of the present application can be run on the network architecture of the multi-user transmission in the network architecture WLAN communication system shown in FIG. 1.
  • the network architecture includes: an Access Point (AP), and multiple A station (Station, abbreviated as STA), wherein an access station and a plurality of stations can communicate with each other, that is, the access station can send information to multiple sites, and each of the multiple sites can also send the information to the access site. information.
  • AP Access Point
  • STA multiple A station
  • FIG. 2 is a flowchart of a method for sending a data unit according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 2, the process includes the following steps. step:
  • Step S202 generating a data unit, wherein the data field in the data unit includes one Or a plurality of orthogonal frequency division multiplexing OFDM symbol blocks, wherein each of the OFDM symbol blocks includes one or more OFDM symbols; and the preamble portion of the data unit includes: for indicating each of the data fields Displacement pilot information of OFDM symbols in the OFDM symbol block;
  • Step S204 transmitting the above data unit.
  • the channel information can be updated by using the displacement pilot information to solve the problem.
  • step S202 may be performed separately, or may be performed in combination with the above step S204. In the case where the step S202 is performed separately, the above technical problem may also be solved.
  • the data unit further includes at least one of the following: allocation information of the resource unit, a number of space-time streams of each resource unit, and Doppler bits for indicating whether to use the displacement pilot. Bit.
  • allocation information of the resource unit may be a correspondence between the resource unit and the site, that is, which resource blocks are allocated by the access station to different sites, but is not limited thereto.
  • one OFDM symbol corresponding to the frequency domain may include multiple data subcarriers and/or pilot subcarriers; dividing the data subcarriers and/or pilot subcarriers into multiple resource units, each resource unit One or more data subcarriers and/or pilot subcarriers are included, and each resource unit can correspond to one user (site).
  • the foregoing method may be applied to downlink multi-user transmission, and may also be applied to uplink multi-user transmission, but is not limited thereto.
  • the method when the foregoing method is applied to uplink multi-user transmission, before the generating the data unit, the method further includes: receiving a trigger frame sent by the access station, where the trigger frame is included for Each of the plurality of stations generates indication information of the data unit; wherein the indication information includes the displacement pilot information; and generating the data unit comprises: generating the data unit according to the indication information.
  • the foregoing displacement pilot information includes at least one of: a displacement pilot interval, where the displacement pilot interval is used to indicate a guide corresponding to adjacent orthogonal frequency division multiplexing OFDM symbols in the data field.
  • the interval of the frequency subcarriers the displacement pilot cycle period, wherein the displacement pilot cycle period is used to indicate the number of OFDM symbols that the pilot subcarriers in the data field traverse all data subcarriers;
  • a displacement pilot processing mode indicating a station participating in multi-user transmission.
  • interval of the pilot subcarriers of the adjacent OFDM symbols may be set to one or more subcarriers according to the above-mentioned displacement pilot interval, but is not limited thereto.
  • the data unit may be sent by at least one of the following: a single-stream orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) multi-user mode, a multi-stream OFDMA multi-user mode, and a multiple input multiple output MIMO mode.
  • OFDMA orthogonal frequency division multiple access
  • the OFDMA method may mean that different users use different frequency resources for transmission.
  • the displacement pilot processing mode includes that a resource unit corresponding to each of the multiple stations adopts a unified displacement pilot processing method, or resource units corresponding to each of the multiple stations adopt independent displacements.
  • Displacement pilot processing method when the ratio of the number of data subcarriers of the resource unit corresponding to each of the plurality of stations to the number of pilot subcarriers is different, the displacement pilot pattern is each of the plurality of stations
  • the resource units corresponding to the stations adopt independent displacement pilot processing methods.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a unified displacement pilot processing method according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 3, the displacement pilot indication information of resource blocks corresponding to multiple users is indicated by the same bit.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a multi-user displacement pilot independent indication under OFDMA according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 4, each resource block may be represented by a separate displacement pilot processing method. The frequency subcarriers are independently indicated.
  • the displacement pilot information is carried in a signaling field of a preamble of the data unit.
  • the number of OFDM symbols in each of the OFDM symbol blocks is equal to the number of space-time streams indicated in the signaling field in the preamble portion, and is in the same OFDM symbol block.
  • the subcarrier indices in which the pilot subcarrier positions of the OFDM symbols are located are the same.
  • the value of the pilot subcarrier position of the OFDM symbol in each OFDM symbol block may be determined by using at least one of: determining by using a projection matrix and a pilot sequence; and training the training field in the data unit.
  • the value of the corresponding subcarrier position in the sequence is taken as the value of the pilot subcarrier position of the OFDM symbol in each OFDM symbol block.
  • the use of the projection matrix and the pilot sequence determination may generate orthogonal multi-layer pilot sequences using a single-layer conventional pilot sequence, but is not limited thereto.
  • the site has two space-time streams.
  • the projection matrix is The displacement pilot interval is 1
  • the displacement pilot cycle period is 26 OFDM symbols
  • the values of the pilot subcarrier positions of the two space-time streams of the previous two symbols are examples, then the elements and projection matrix in the pilot sequence are passed.
  • the foregoing method may be used in a scenario of multiple users and single streams, and may also be used in a scenario of multiple users and multiple streams, but is not limited thereto.
  • the space-time stream data of each resource unit is the same, and is one.
  • the number of space-time streams of each resource unit is different.
  • the displacement pilot cycle period is related to the number of space-time streams. The larger the space-time stream data, the larger the displacement pilot cycle period.
  • the data unit may be a protocol data unit, but is not limited thereto.
  • the execution body of the foregoing step may be an access station, but is not limited thereto.
  • FIG. 5 is a flowchart of a method for processing a data unit according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 5, the process includes the following steps:
  • Step S502 Receive a data unit sent by a transmitting station, where a data field in the data unit includes one or more orthogonal frequency division multiplexing OFDM symbol blocks, where each of the OFDM symbol blocks includes one or more OFDM a preamble portion in the data unit, comprising: displacement pilot information for indicating an OFDM symbol in each of the OFDM symbol blocks in the data field;
  • Step S504 updating channel information of the resource unit corresponding to the local station according to the displacement pilot information.
  • the displacement pilot information for updating the resource unit channel information may be set in the data unit, and when the data unit is received, the channel information may be updated by the displacement pilot information in the data unit. Furthermore, the problem that the station cannot update the channel information in the same data unit in the case of OFDMA or MU-MIMO in the related art is solved.
  • the data unit further includes at least one of the following: allocation information of the resource unit, a number of space-time streams of each resource unit, and Doppler bits for indicating whether to use the displacement pilot. Bit.
  • allocation information of the resource unit may be a correspondence between the resource unit and the site, that is, which resource blocks are allocated by the access station to different sites, but is not limited thereto.
  • the displacement pilot information includes at least one of the following: a pilot pilot interval, where the displacement pilot interval is used to indicate an interval of pilot subcarriers corresponding to adjacent orthogonal frequency division multiplexing OFDM symbols in a data field in a data unit; and a displacement pilot cycle period, where The displacement pilot cycle period is used to indicate the number of OFDM symbols that the pilot subcarriers in the data field traverse all of the data subcarriers; and the displacement pilot processing mode used to indicate the stations participating in the multiuser transmission.
  • a pilot pilot interval where the displacement pilot interval is used to indicate an interval of pilot subcarriers corresponding to adjacent orthogonal frequency division multiplexing OFDM symbols in a data field in a data unit
  • the displacement pilot cycle period is used to indicate the number of OFDM symbols that the pilot subcarriers in the data field traverse all of the data subcarriers
  • the displacement pilot processing mode used to indicate the stations participating in the multiuser transmission.
  • interval of the pilot subcarriers corresponding to the adjacent OFDM symbols may be set to one or more subcarriers according to the displacement pilot interval, but is not limited thereto.
  • the displacement pilot processing mode includes that a resource unit corresponding to each of the multiple stations adopts a unified displacement pilot processing method, or resource units corresponding to each of the multiple stations adopt independent displacements.
  • Displacement pilot processing method when the ratio of the number of data subcarriers of the resource unit corresponding to each of the plurality of stations to the number of pilot subcarriers is different, the displacement pilot pattern is each of the plurality of stations
  • the resource units corresponding to the stations adopt independent displacement pilot processing methods.
  • each resource block adopts an independent displacement pilot processing method.
  • the indication is that the pilot subcarriers of each resource block are independently indicated.
  • the foregoing method may be used in a scenario of multiple users and single streams, and may also be used in a scenario of multiple users and multiple streams, but is not limited thereto.
  • the space-time stream data of each resource unit is the same, and is one.
  • the number of space-time streams of each resource unit is different.
  • the displacement pilot cycle period is related to the number of space-time streams. The larger the space-time stream data, the larger the displacement pilot cycle period.
  • the data unit may be sent by at least one of the following methods Send to multiple sites: single-stream orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA), multi-stream OFDMA, and multiple-input multiple-output MIMO. That is, in fact, the above method can be applied to the case of OFDMA or MU-MIMO.
  • OFDMA orthogonal frequency division multiple access
  • MU-MIMO multiple-input multiple-output MIMO
  • the data unit may be a protocol data unit, but is not limited thereto.
  • the execution body of the foregoing step may be a site, but is not limited thereto.
  • the foregoing step S304 may be performed to obtain, according to the displacement pilot information, a location of a pilot subcarrier of an OFDM symbol in a data field in the data unit; according to the location at the location The pilot subcarrier updates the channel information.
  • the resource unit corresponding to the local station may be in the form of at least one of the following, but is not limited thereto: (1) obtaining an initial channel estimation of the resource unit corresponding to the local station by using training data in the preamble in the data unit; using the initial Channel estimation parses a first one of the data fields in the data unit; using the first OFDM symbol as a starting point for updating the initial channel information, performing the following process until the initial channel estimate is updated Estimating channel information by using pilot subcarriers of the Nth OFDM symbol in the data field to obtain first channel information; replacing the obtained first channel information with the Nth initial channel estimate The channel information corresponding to the OFDM symbol is obtained, and the updated initial channel estimate is obtained; wherein the updated initial channel estimate is used to parse the N+1th OFDM symbol in the data field; wherein, 1 ⁇ N ⁇ T, N is an integer and T is the displacement pilot cycle period.
  • Demodulating the second OFDM for the (1) form focusing on the new initial channel estimation obtained by replacing the corresponding channel information in the initial channel estimation with the channel information obtained by the pilot subcarrier estimation in the first OFDM symbol
  • the channel information obtained by the pilot subcarrier estimation in the second OFDM symbol replaces the corresponding initial channel estimation in the initial channel estimation to demodulate the third OFDM symbol, and so on until the update is completed.
  • each of the OFDM symbols in the portion of the OFDM symbols is preserved when demodulating the portion of the OFDM symbols
  • the channel estimates obtained by the pilot subcarrier estimation (such as 12 channel estimation values), after demodulating the part of the OFDM symbols, replacing the channel estimates with the initial channel estimates, and obtaining the updated initial channel estimates, using the updated
  • the initial channel estimate demodulates another OFDM symbol (such as the 13th to 24th OFDM symbols) until the update is complete.
  • the channel information can be updated regardless of the form of expression.
  • a method for adding a pilot offset of a communication system is provided.
  • a method for generating a multi-resource block user data unit with a displacement pilot is also provided.
  • the receiving end performs channel estimation and data unit detection by cyclically shifting pilots through the received data unit.
  • a method for indicating cyclic shift of a data unit pilot subcarrier in a data field symbol includes: indicating a pilot subcarrier cyclic shift in a preamble in a data unit, and a pilot subcarrier The displacement mode of each field in the data unit section.
  • the indication mode is a displacement mode for describing multiple resources in a single stream case; wherein the data unit includes a preamble sequence and a data field, the data field includes a plurality of user resource blocks, and each resource block has an independent displacement pilot. Subcarriers, each user's displacement mode indication uses multiple independent field indications in the preamble. In another embodiment, each data unit contains data for a plurality of users, and the displacement pilot subcarriers are resource blocks that are independent of the user, and are indicated by a single field in the preamble of the data unit.
  • a method for indicating a cyclic shift of a multi-stream data unit pilot subcarrier in a data field symbol and a multi-stream data unit generator having a cyclic displacement pilot law in another embodiment, in the case of multiple streams, the preamble in the data unit independently indicates the displacement pilot generation mode, and the independent generation manner of the multi-stream data field of each user resource block in the data field in the data unit. In another embodiment, the preamble in the data unit uniformly indicates a pilot cyclic shift pattern in a plurality of user resource block data generations, and the data field multi-user resource block of the data unit uniformly generates a pilot cyclic shift.
  • the above solution provides a communication system in a Doppler environment, where a multi-user data unit transmitted by a transmitting end performs channel estimation by using a displacement pilot subcarrier between multiple users without adding overhead, and is applied to a data unit.
  • Different parts of the physical layer reduce the bit error rate of the physical layer and improve the communication quality of the physical layer.
  • the embodiment of the present invention further provides a preferred method for pilot displacement indication and pilot displacement in a multi-user OFDMA single-stream communication system, the method comprising: setting a pilot sub-carrier indicator and setting a pilot
  • the displacement of the subcarriers generates a data unit.
  • the indicator in the data unit preamble includes multi-user common information indicating a pilot shift pattern participating in the multi-user transmission station, or the indication information in the data unit preamble includes each user information, each The user information indicates the pilot shift setting of the participating multi-user transmission site.
  • the multi-user common information includes a displacement interval of pilot subcarriers, a displacement cycle period of pilot subcarriers, and a Doppler indication bit.
  • Each of the user information includes a displacement interval of a pilot subcarrier, a displacement cycle period of a pilot subcarrier, and a Doppler indication bit.
  • the users each have a RU resource block, and each RU contains one or more pilot subcarriers.
  • the interval of adjacent OFDM symbol pilot subcarriers in the data field in the data unit is set to be separated by one or more subcarriers according to a pilot shift interval indicated by the data unit.
  • the generated data unit is a protocol data unit.
  • the embodiment of the present invention further provides a preferred method for generating an OFDMA MU-MIMO data unit, where the method includes: generating, by a plurality of users, a multi-stream data unit, a multi-user pilot sub-carrier displacement indication information, and generating Multi-stream pilot subcarrier value.
  • the pilot displacement indication information includes a displacement interval of adjacent data symbol pilot subcarriers, a cyclic period of the displacement pilot, a number of space-time streams, and a Doppler indication bit.
  • a multi-stream pilot shift value is generated by a pilot base sequence.
  • Each of the RUs has a pilot resource group, and each of the RUs includes pilot subcarriers;
  • the interval of adjacent OFDM symbol pilot subcarriers in the data field in the unit is set to be separated by one or more subcarriers according to the pilot shift interval indicated by the data unit.
  • the above data unit can be a protocol data unit.
  • the AP sends data to multiple STAs at the same time.
  • the AP can be a complex outdoor environment.
  • the AP determines the required parameter information of the displacement pilot according to the channel information and the packet error rate reported by the station.
  • the multi-user data unit of the displacement pilot is transmitted to different stations by MU-MIMO or OFDMA.
  • FIG. 6 is a complete embodiment according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. Schematic diagram of resource block allocation for bandwidth.
  • the AP indicates the RU allocation in the data unit by the signaling field (eg: HE-SIG-B) in the preamble of the data unit, the space-time stream number of each RU, the Doppler bit (this bit is used to indicate whether the station is Use displacement pilot), displacement pilot interval, displacement pilot processing mode and other information.
  • the granularity of each RU is different.
  • each RU of the AP station adopts a unified displacement pilot processing mode, when the data subcarrier domain of each RU is When the frequency subcarrier ratio is different, the AP station uses an independent displacement pilot processing mode for each RU.
  • each RU follows the indication information such as the displacement interval k, the displacement pilot symbol cycle period T, and the displacement pilot interval k represents the interval of pilot displacement in two adjacent OFDM symbols; the displacement pilot symbol cycle
  • the period T indicates that the pilot subcarrier can traverse all the data subcarriers after T OFDM symbols, and the ratio of the data subcarriers and the pilot subcarriers of each RU is the same, that is, the following formula:
  • N SD, i N SP,i represents the number of data subcarriers of the i-th RU and the number of pilot tone subcarriers.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the displacement of the i+1th symbolic displacement pilot of the complete bandwidth according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 7, each adjacent OFDM data symbol is shown.
  • the displacement pilot interval in the signal is k, and the value of k is determined according to the threshold of the channel SNR returned by the station STA, and the data subcarrier is cycled once every T OFDM symbols.
  • the receiving end STA receives the full bandwidth data, parses the RU allocation of the station in the preamble signaling part, the displacement pilot interval k, and the displacement pilot cycle period T, and obtains the initial channel estimation H through the long training sequence in the preamble.
  • Long training sequence eg: LTF
  • LTF Long training sequence
  • the number of long training sequences is equal to the number of space-time streams (when the space-time stream is even) or the number of space-time streams is increased by one (when the space-time stream is odd), each time the OFDM data symbol is solved, Estimating the channel information h of the pilot subcarrier by using the pilot subcarrier receiving data of the OFDM data symbol, updating the channel information of the corresponding pilot subcarrier in the channel estimation H by h, sequentially iterating updating H, and passing T OFDM symbols
  • the complete channel information H on the site RU can be completely updated, and the updated H is used to parse the subsequent data OFDM symbols.
  • the AP transmits the data unit to the multi-user by using the single-stream OFDMA mode, and the pilot pattern of each RU is different, that is, when the data sub-carrier and the pilot sub-carrier ratio are different, the following formula:
  • the displacement pilot symbol period T i of each RU is different, and the AP indicates the RU allocation of each user in the signaling domain (eg: HE-SIG-B) of the leading part of the data unit, and the displacement pilot is a loop.
  • the interval k i , the symbol traversal period T i of the displacement pilot, the Doppler bit, etc. for example, the pilot of 52 tone RU in 11ax is 4, the pilot of 106 tone RU is also 4, data subcarrier and pilot subcarrier
  • the ratio of OFDM symbols required by different RU traversal data subcarriers is different, and the signaling field of the AP in the data unit preamble independently indicates the unique indication information required by each user.
  • a station STA When a station STA receives a data unit, parses the signaling field to obtain the RU distribution of the station, the displacement pilot symbol traversal period, the displacement pilot interval, the Doppler bit, and when the station sets Doppler In the case of a bit, the station obtains the channel estimate H of the station RU by using the long training sequence in the preamble, and obtains the channel information of the new pilot subcarrier using the pilot in the OFDM symbol while using the channel estimation solution data OFDM symbol. For example, the first OFDM symbol is parsed using the H obtained by the long training sequence, the pilot estimation channel information h is obtained by the first OFDM symbol, the channel information of the H corresponding subcarrier is updated, and the updated H is used for parsing. Two OFDM symbols, the channel h is obtained by the displacement pilot in the second data OFDM symbol The new H, and so on, can update all the Hs by T data OFDM. The STAs of different stations update the channel information of the corresponding RU by this method.
  • a wireless local area network (WLAN) communication system when an AP communicates with multiple sites through MIMO and OFDMA, different STAs use different RUs, and each site STA There are multiple space-time streams, in which case the displacement pilots of each station are processed independently because each station uses a different number of space-time streams.
  • WLAN wireless local area network
  • the signaling field (eg: HE-SIG-B) in the preamble of the AP station in the data unit indicates the RU allocation of the STAs of different stations, the number of space-time streams N STS , the interval k of the displacement pilots, and the displacement pilot cycle Period T, Doppler bit and other information.
  • the displacement pilot cycle period T is different from the single-flow case:
  • i denotes the i-th station, in which case it is necessary to generate data of the multi-stream displacement pilot sub-carrier, for example, in 26tone RU in 11ax, when there are two space-time streams, if channel information of a certain sub-carrier is to be obtained.
  • the received data of the subcarriers on the two symbols is required, and the data corresponding to the displacement pilots of the different space-time streams are orthogonal, and the displacement pilots of the multi-space time stream are generated: assuming that the STA has two space-time streams
  • the displacement pilot cycle period T is 26 OFDM symbols, passing through the P matrix.
  • the data of each subcarrier is orthogonally mapped, and the P matrix is:
  • the pilot subcarrier data on the two streams of the first two symbols is obtained by p*P, and p is the element of the pilot base sequence.
  • the four pilot values obtained by p*P are the first symbols.
  • the first space-time stream, the first symbol, the second space-time stream, the second symbol, the first space-time stream, and the second symbol, the second space-time stream, are generated by the pilot base sequence in this way.
  • the pilot data of the multi-space time stream, the position shift k of the pilot subcarrier per N ST ST OFDM symbols, and the sequential complete shift cycle of the displacement pilots of the T OFDM symbols for example, FIG. 9 is a preferred embodiment in accordance with the present invention.
  • Frequency 1 subcarrier spacing, in this example k 1 is set, 26toneRU with two streams is traversed by 26 OFDM symbols.
  • the receiving station STA receives the data unit, parses the long training sequence, obtains the initial channel estimation H of the station RU, and applies the channel estimation to the front of the data field of the RU.
  • the data of the corresponding RU is obtained, the channel information h of the shifted pilot is obtained by the first N STS OFDM symbols, and the channel information of the corresponding subcarrier index in the corresponding initial channel estimation H is updated, and T OFDM is used.
  • the data symbol iterative channel information is completely updated.
  • a WLAN communication system when an AP communicates with multiple sites through MIMO and OFDMA, different STAs use different RUs, and each STA has multiple space-time streams. In this case, since each station uses a different number of space-time streams, the displacement pilots of each station are processed independently.
  • the signaling field (eg: HE-SIG-B) in the preamble of the AP station in the data unit indicates the RU allocation of the STAs of different stations, the number of space-time streams N STS , the interval k of the displacement pilots, and the displacement pilot cycle Period T, Doppler bit and other information.
  • the displacement pilot cycle period T is different from the single-flow case:
  • i denotes the i-th station, in which case it is necessary to generate a multi-stream displacement pilot to generate data of the corresponding sub-carrier, for example, in 26tone RU in 11ax, when there are two space-time streams, the displacement of different space-time streams
  • the frequency corresponding data is orthogonal
  • the displacement pilot generation method of the multi-space time stream directly adopting the value of the upper training sequence in the preamble sequence as the data of the pilot subcarrier, which multiplexes the long training data, and
  • the number of long training sequences is equal to or equal to the number of space-time streams
  • the time stream data is incremented by one, which can reduce the complexity of the transmitting end. For example, for 26 toneRU, the data on the 6th and 20th subcarriers of the pilot index uses the data on the subcarrier corresponding to the long training sequence.
  • the AP can generate the displacement pilot information on each RU in the case of a downlink long-time flow.
  • the receiving station STA receives the data unit, parses the long training sequence, obtains the initial channel estimation H of the station RU, and applies the channel estimation to the front of the data field of the RU.
  • the data of the corresponding RU is obtained, the channel information h of the shifted pilot is obtained by the first N STS OFDM symbols, and the channel information of the corresponding subcarrier index in the corresponding initial channel estimation H is updated, and T OFDM is used.
  • the data symbol iterative channel information is completely updated.
  • multiple users simultaneously send data units to the AP, and the AP sends a Trigger frame to schedule different users to send data through the uplink OFDMA mode.
  • the AP indicates that each user uses a different displacement guide in the Trigger frame.
  • the frequency indicates that each user receives the Trigger frame to obtain information about the site, such as the RU allocation of the site, the displacement pilot information, the data stream allocation, etc., and the data unit is generated by the information site, and the data unit is generated. At this time, each station only uses this RU for data transmission.
  • Each station uses the local station displacement pilot information indicated in the Trigger frame: STA's RU allocation, space-time stream number N STS , displacement pilot interval k, displacement
  • the pilot cycle period T, the Doppler bit generates a data unit having an uplink pilot with a displacement.
  • the method according to the above embodiment can be implemented by means of software plus a necessary general hardware platform, and of course, by hardware, but in many cases, the former is A better implementation.
  • the technical solution of the present invention which is essential or contributes to the prior art, may be embodied in the form of a software product stored in a storage medium (such as ROM/RAM, disk, CD-ROM, including a number of instructions to make a terminal device (available).
  • a storage medium such as ROM/RAM, disk, CD-ROM, including a number of instructions to make a terminal device (available
  • the method described in various embodiments of the present invention is implemented by a mobile phone, a computer, a server, or a network device.
  • a transmitting unit of a data unit is also provided in the embodiment, and the device is used to implement the foregoing embodiments and preferred embodiments, and details are not described herein.
  • the term "module” may implement a combination of software and/or hardware of a predetermined function.
  • the apparatus described in the following embodiments is preferably implemented in software, hardware, or a combination of software and hardware, is also possible and contemplated.
  • FIG. 10 is a structural block diagram of a transmitting apparatus of a data unit according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 10, the apparatus includes:
  • the generating module 1002 is configured to generate a data unit, where the data field in the data unit includes one or more orthogonal frequency division multiplexing OFDM symbol blocks, where each of the OFDM symbol blocks includes one or more OFDM symbols
  • the preamble portion of the data unit includes: displacement pilot information for indicating an OFDM symbol in each of the OFDM symbol blocks in the data field;
  • the transmitting module 1004 is connected to the generating module 1002 and configured to transmit the data unit.
  • the displacement pilot information for updating the resource unit channel information is set in the data unit, the data unit is transmitted to the station, so that when the Doppler environment frequency shift causes a channel change, the station can utilize the The displacement pilot information updates the channel information, and solves the problem in the related art that in the case of OFDMA or MU-MIMO, the channel change caused by the environmental Doppler shift makes the station unable to update the channel information in the same data unit.
  • the data unit further includes at least one of the following: allocation information of the resource unit, a number of space-time streams of each resource unit, and Doppler bits for indicating whether to use the displacement pilot. Bit.
  • allocation information of the resource unit may be a correspondence between the resource unit and the station, that is, which resource blocks are allocated by the access station to different sites, but is not limited thereto.
  • the foregoing apparatus may be applied to uplink multi-user transmission, and may also be applied to downlink multi-user transmission, but is not limited thereto.
  • the generation module 1002 may exist separately or may be combined with the transmission module 1004, and is not limited thereto.
  • the device in combination with the foregoing sending module 1004 may be applied to downlink multi-user transmission.
  • the foregoing apparatus when applied to the uplink multi-user transmission, further includes: a receiving module, configured to receive a trigger frame sent by the access station, where the trigger frame is included for the multiple Each of the stations generates indication information of the data unit; wherein the indication information includes the displacement pilot information; and the generating module 1002 is further configured to generate the data unit according to the indication information.
  • the foregoing displacement pilot information includes at least one of: a displacement pilot interval, where the displacement pilot interval is used to indicate a guide corresponding to adjacent orthogonal frequency division multiplexing OFDM symbols in the data field.
  • the interval of the frequency subcarriers the displacement pilot cycle period, wherein the displacement pilot cycle period is used to indicate the number of OFDM symbols that the pilot subcarriers in the data field traverse all data subcarriers;
  • a displacement pilot processing mode indicating a station participating in multi-user transmission.
  • interval of the pilot subcarriers corresponding to the adjacent OFDM symbols may be set to one or more subcarriers according to the displacement pilot interval, but is not limited thereto.
  • the displacement pilot processing mode includes that a resource unit corresponding to each of the multiple stations adopts a unified displacement pilot processing method, or resource units corresponding to each of the multiple stations adopt independent displacements.
  • Displacement pilot processing method when the ratio of the number of data subcarriers of the resource unit corresponding to each of the plurality of stations to the number of pilot subcarriers is different, the displacement pilot pattern is a site in multiple sites Each of the corresponding resource units adopts an independent displacement pilot processing method.
  • each resource block adopts an independent displacement pilot processing method. It is expressed as an independent indication of the displacement pilot of each resource block.
  • the displacement pilot information is carried in a signaling field of a preamble of the data unit.
  • the foregoing method may be used in a scenario of multiple users and single streams, and may also be used in a scenario of multiple users and multiple streams, but is not limited thereto.
  • the space-time stream data of each resource unit is the same, and is one.
  • the number of space-time streams of each resource unit is different.
  • the displacement pilot cycle period is related to the number of space-time streams. The larger the space-time stream data, the larger the displacement pilot cycle period.
  • the number of OFDM symbols in each of the OFDM symbol blocks is equal to a space-time stream indicated in a signaling field in the preamble portion.
  • the number of subcarriers in which the pilot positions of the OFDM symbols in the same OFDM symbol block are located is the same.
  • the apparatus may further include a determining module, configured to determine a pilot position of the OFDM symbol in each OFDM symbol block by using at least one of: determining by using a projection matrix and a pilot sequence; The value of the corresponding subcarrier position in the long training sequence of the training field in the data unit is taken as the value of the pilot position of the OFDM symbol in each OFDM symbol block.
  • a determining module configured to determine a pilot position of the OFDM symbol in each OFDM symbol block by using at least one of: determining by using a projection matrix and a pilot sequence; The value of the corresponding subcarrier position in the long training sequence of the training field in the data unit is taken as the value of the pilot position of the OFDM symbol in each OFDM symbol block.
  • the sending module 1004 may send the data unit by using at least one of the following methods: a single-stream orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDM) mode, a multi-stream OFDMA mode, and a multiple-input multiple-output MIMO mode.
  • the foregoing apparatus may further include a receiving module, configured to receive the data unit by using at least one of the following: a single-stream orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDM) mode, a multi-stream OFDMA mode, and a multiple-input multiple-output MIMO mode.
  • the data unit may be a protocol data unit, but is not limited thereto, and the foregoing sending apparatus may be located in an access station, but is not limited thereto.
  • FIG. 11 is a structural block diagram of a receiving apparatus of a data unit according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG. As shown in Figure 11, the device includes:
  • the receiving module 1102 is configured to receive a data unit sent by the sending station, where the data field in the data unit includes one or more orthogonal frequency division multiplexing OFDM symbol blocks, where each of the OFDM symbol blocks includes One or more OFDM symbols; the preamble portion in the data unit includes: displacement pilot information for indicating an OFDM symbol in each of the OFDM symbol blocks in the data field;
  • the updating module 1104 is connected to the receiving module 1102, and is configured to update channel information of the resource unit corresponding to the local station according to the displacement pilot information.
  • the station can utilize the displacement guide when the Doppler environment frequency shift causes the channel change.
  • the frequency information updates the channel information, and solves the problem in the related art that in the case of OFDMA or MU-MIMO, the channel change caused by the environmental Doppler shift makes the station unable to update the channel information in the same data unit.
  • the data unit further includes at least one of the following: allocation information of the resource unit, a number of space-time streams of each resource unit, and Doppler bits for indicating whether to use the displacement pilot. Bit.
  • allocation information of the resource unit may be a correspondence between the resource unit and the station, that is, which resource blocks are allocated by the access station to different sites, but is not limited thereto.
  • the foregoing displacement pilot information includes at least one of: a displacement pilot interval, where the displacement pilot interval is used to indicate that adjacent orthogonal frequency division multiplexing OFDM symbols in the data field in the data unit correspond to The interval of the pilot subcarriers; the displacement pilot cycle period, wherein the displacement pilot cycle period is used to indicate the number of OFDM symbols that the pilot subcarriers in the data field traverse all data subcarriers; A displacement pilot processing mode indicating a station participating in multi-user transmission.
  • interval of the pilot subcarriers corresponding to the adjacent OFDM symbols may be set to one or more subcarriers according to the displacement pilot interval, but is not limited thereto.
  • the above-mentioned displacement pilot processing mode includes each of a plurality of sites.
  • the corresponding resource unit adopts a unified displacement pilot processing method, or the resource unit corresponding to each station of the multiple stations adopts an independent displacement pilot processing method; wherein the displacement pilot processing method is that the station is based on the displacement pilot Update channel information.
  • the displacement pilot pattern is unified for resource units corresponding to each of the plurality of stations.
  • Displacement pilot processing method when the ratio of the number of data subcarriers of the resource unit corresponding to each of the plurality of stations to the number of pilot subcarriers is different, the displacement pilot pattern is each of the plurality of stations
  • the resource units corresponding to the stations adopt independent displacement pilot processing methods.
  • each resource block adopts an independent displacement pilot processing method.
  • the indication is that the pilot subcarriers of each resource block are independently indicated.
  • the displacement pilot information is carried in a signaling field of a preamble of the data unit.
  • the foregoing method may be used in a scenario of multiple users and single streams, and may also be used in a scenario of multiple users and multiple streams, but is not limited thereto.
  • the space-time stream data of each resource unit is the same, and is one.
  • the number of space-time streams of each resource unit is different.
  • the displacement pilot cycle period is related to the number of space-time streams. The larger the space-time stream data, the larger the displacement pilot cycle period.
  • the pilot displacement sequence corresponding to each of the space-time streams in the plurality of space-time streams may be determined by the pilot base sequence.
  • the pilot base sequence can obtain four pilot displacement values, which are the first space-time flow of the first symbol. The frequency shift value, the pilot displacement value of the second space-time stream of the first symbol, the pilot displacement value of the first space-time stream of the second symbol, and the pilot displacement of the second space-time stream of the second symbol value.
  • the update module 1104 is further configured to be based on the bit Transmitting the pilot information to obtain a location of a pilot subcarrier of an OFDM symbol in a data field in the data unit; and updating the channel information according to the pilot subcarrier at the location.
  • the updating module 1104 is further configured to: obtain an initial channel estimation of the resource unit corresponding to the local station by using training data in the preamble in the data unit; and parse data in the data unit by using the initial channel estimation. a first OFDM symbol in the field; using the first OFDM symbol as a starting point for updating the initial channel information, performing the following process until the initial channel estimation is updated: utilizing the first in the data field Estimating the channel information of the pilot subcarriers of the N OFDM symbols to obtain the first channel information; replacing the obtained first channel information with the channel information corresponding to the Nth OFDM symbol in the initial channel estimation, and obtaining an update The initial channel estimate; wherein the updated initial channel estimate is used to parse the N+1th OFDM symbol in the data field; wherein 1 ⁇ M ⁇ T, N is an integer, and T is the displacement Pilot cycle period.
  • the further row module 1104 demodulates the second OFDM symbol by using the channel information obtained by the pilot estimation in the first OFDM symbol to replace the corresponding channel information in the initial channel estimation to demodulate the second OFDM symbol, and the second The channel information obtained by the pilot subcarrier estimation in the OFDM symbol replaces the new initial channel estimate obtained by the corresponding channel information in the initial channel estimation to demodulate the third OFDM symbol, and so on until the update is completed.
  • the updating module 1104 is further configured to: obtain, by using training data in the preamble in the data unit, an initial channel estimation of the resource unit corresponding to the local station; and demodulate the data unit by using the initial channel estimation.
  • the channel information is obtained, and the updated initial channel estimate is obtained; wherein the updated initial channel estimate is used to demodulate the M OFDM symbols after the M OFDM symbols in the data field; wherein, 1 ⁇ M ⁇ T, M is an integer, and T is the displacement pilot cycle period.
  • the above update module 1104 demodulates a part of the OFDM symbol with the initial channel estimation.
  • a number such as the 1st to 12th ODFM symbols
  • a channel estimate such as 12 channel estimation values
  • the channel estimates are replaced with initial channel estimates to obtain an updated initial channel estimate, and the updated initial channel estimates are used to demodulate another OFDM symbol (eg, 13th to 24th OFDM). Symbol) until the update is complete.
  • the receiving module 1102 may receive the data unit by using at least one of the following methods: a single-stream orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDM) mode, a multi-stream OFDMA mode, and a multiple-input multiple-output MIMO mode. That is, in fact, the above method can be applied to the case of OFDMA or MU-MIMO.
  • OFDM orthogonal frequency division multiple access
  • MU-MIMO multiple-input multiple-output MIMO
  • the data unit may be a protocol data unit, but is not limited thereto, and the foregoing sending apparatus may be located in a site, but is not limited thereto.
  • each of the above modules may be implemented by software or hardware.
  • the foregoing may be implemented by, but not limited to, the foregoing modules are all located in the same processor; or, the above modules are in any combination.
  • the forms are located in different processors.
  • Also provided in this embodiment is a station, including the transmitting device described in FIG.
  • Another site is also provided in this embodiment, including the processing device illustrated in FIG.
  • Embodiments of the present invention also provide a storage medium.
  • the above storage medium may be set to store program code for executing the steps of the method in Embodiment 1.
  • the foregoing storage medium may include, but is not limited to, a USB flash drive, a Read-Only Memory (ROM), and a random access memory (RAM, Random).
  • ROM Read-Only Memory
  • RAM random access memory
  • Embodiments of the present invention also provide a processor for running a program, wherein the program is executed to perform the steps of any of the above methods.
  • modules or steps of the present invention described above can be implemented by a general-purpose computing device that can be centralized on a single computing device or distributed across a network of multiple computing devices. Alternatively, they may be implemented by program code executable by the computing device such that they may be stored in the storage device by the computing device and, in some cases, may be different from the order herein.
  • the steps shown or described are performed, or they are separately fabricated into individual integrated circuit modules, or a plurality of modules or steps thereof are fabricated as a single integrated circuit module.
  • the invention is not limited to any specific combination of hardware and software.
  • the displacement pilot information for indicating the OFDM symbol in each OFDM symbol block in the data field is set in the data unit, the frequency shift caused by the Doppler environment is caused.
  • the channel information can be updated by using the displacement pilot information, and the channel change caused by the environmental Doppler shift in the OFDMA or MU-MIMO case is solved, so that the station cannot be updated in the same data unit. The problem of channel information.

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Abstract

本发明提供了一种数据单元的发送、处理方法及装置、站点；其中，发送方法包括：生成数据单元，其中，数据单元中的数据字段包括一个或者多个正交频分复用OFDM符号块，其中，每个所述OFDM符号块中包含一个或者多个OFDM符号；所述数据单元中的前导部分包括：用于指示所述数据字段中每个所述OFDM符号块中的OFDM符号的位移导频信息，发送数据单元。通过本发明，解决了相关技术中在OFDMA或MU-MIMO情况下，由于环境多普勒频移引起的信道变化使得站点无法在同一个数据单元中更新信道信息的问题。

Description

数据单元的发送、处理方法及装置、站点 技术领域
本发明涉及通信领域，具体而言，涉及一种数据单元的发送、处理方法及装置、站点。
背景技术
在无线局域网(Wireless Local Area Networks，简称WLAN)通信主要包含了802.11系列协议，从802.11a/g/n/ac一直到目前的802.11ax演进来看，都是支持更高的带宽，更多的用户以及更高的速率，更加密集的网络，对于环境具有更强的鲁棒性。
在对抗环境问题带来的相位偏移时，802.11协议从最开始在物理层每个发送的数据符号中添加了导频，用来纠正每个符号的相位偏移，做符号级别的相位追踪，站点(Station，简称STA)在接收到发送端发送的数据单元，将前导码中通过训练序列得到的信道估计应用于该数据单元中数据字段做信号检测。但是对于复杂的环境，比如接入点(Access Point，简称AP)和站点STA之间由于环境变化比如多普勒频移，物理层发送一个较长数据单元，AP和站点之间的信道会发生变化，物理层数据单元中前导码估计得到的信道信息，并不适用于数据单元数据字段的后半部分的数据解析。
在11ax中引入了正交频分多址(Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access，OFDMA)多用户的特性，即将整个带宽切割成多个资源块，每个资源块对应一个用户，并每个用户具有单个或者多个数据流，不同资源单元(Resource Unit，简称RU)的导频图样不同，在OFDMA或多用户多输入多输出(Multi-User Multiple-input Multiple-Output，简称MU-MIMO)情况下，由于多普勒环境频移引起的信道变化，站点无法通过以前的方法更新数据单元中的信道信息的。
针对相关技术中的上述技术问题，目前尚未提出有效的解决方案。
发明内容
本发明实施例提供了一种数据单元的发送、处理方法及装置、站点，以至少解决相关技术中在OFDMA或MU-MIMO情况下，站点无法在同一个数据单元中更新信道信息的问题。
根据本发明的一个实施例，提供了一种数据单元的发送方法，包括：生成数据单元，其中，数据单元中的数据字段包括一个或者多个正交频分复用OFDM符号块，其中，每个所述OFDM符号块中包含一个或者多个OFDM符号；所述数据单元中的前导部分包括：用于指示所述数据字段中每个所述OFDM符号块中的OFDM符号的位移导频信息；发送数据单元。
在本发明实施例中，在生成数据单元之前，所述方法还包括：接收接入站点发送的触发帧，其中，所述触发帧包含用于所述多个站点中的每个站点生成所述数据单元的指示信息；其中，所述指示信息包括所述位移导频信息；生成数据单元包括：根据所述指示信息生成所述数据单元。
在本发明实施例中，所述位移导频信息包括以下至少之一：位移导频间隔，其中，位移导频间隔用于指示所述数据字段中相邻正交频分复用OFDM符号对应的导频子载波的间隔；位移导频循环周期，其中，位移导频循环周期用于指示所述数据字段中的导频子载波遍历完所有的数据子载波所经过的OFDM符号的数目；用于指示参与多用户传输的站点的位移导频处理模式。
在本发明实施例中，通过以下至少之一方式发送所述数据单元：单流正交频分多址接入OFDMA多用户方式、多流OFDMA多用户方式、多输入多输出MIMO方式。
在本发明实施例中，所述位移导频处理模式包括，多个站点中的站点对应的资源单元采用统一的位移导频处理方法，或者多个站点中的每个站点对应的资源单元采用独立的位移导频处理方法；其中，所述位移导频处理方法是站点根据位移导频更新信道信息。
在本发明实施例中，在所述多个站点中的每个站点对应的资源单元中的数据子载波的数目与导频子载波的数目之比相同时，所述位移导频模式为所述多个站点中的每个站点对应的资源单元采用统一的位移导频处理方法；在所述多个站点中的每个站点对应的资源单元的数据子载波的数目与导频子载波的数目之比不相同时，所述位移导频模式为所述多个站点中的每个站点对应的资源单元采用独立的位移导频处理方法。
在本发明实施例中，每个所述OFDM符号块中的OFDM符号的个数等于所述前导部分中的信令字段中所指示的空时流的个数，处于同一OFDM符号块中的OFDM符号的导频子载波位置所在的子载波索引是相同的。
在本发明实施例中，通过以下至少之一方式确定每个OFDM符号块中OFDM符号的导频子载波位置的值：利用投影矩阵和导频序列确定；将所述数据单元中训练字段的长训练序列中对应子载波位置的值作为每个OFDM符号块中OFDM符号的导频子载波位置的值。
根据本发明的一个实施例，提供了一种数据单元的处理方法，包括：接收发送站点发送的数据单元，其中，数据单元中的数据字段包括一个或者多个正交频分复用OFDM符号块，其中，每个所述OFDM符号块中包含一个或者多个OFDM符号；所述数据单元中的前导部分包括：用于指示所述数据字段中每个所述OFDM符号块中的OFDM符号的位移导频信息；根据所述位移导频信息更新与本站点对应的资源单元的信道信息。
在本发明实施例中，所述位移导频信息包括以下至少之一：位移导频间隔，其中，所述位移导频间隔用于指示所述数据单元中的数据字段中相邻正交频分复用OFDM符号对应的导频子载波的间隔；位移导频循环周期，其中，所述位移导频循环周期用于指示所述数据字段中的导频子载波遍历完所有的数据子载波所经过的OFDM符号的数目；用于指示参与多用户传输的站点的位移导频处理模式。
在本发明实施例中，所述位移导频处理模式包括，多个站点中的每个 站点对应的资源单元采用统一的位移导频处理方法，或者多个站点中的每个站点对应的资源单元采用独立的位移导频处理方法；其中，所述位移导频处理方法是站点根据位移导频更新信道信息。
在本发明实施例中，在所述多个站点中的每个站点对应的资源单元的数据子载波的数目与导频子载波的数目之比相同时，所述位移导频模式为所述多个站点中的每个站点对应的资源单元采用统一的位移导频处理方法；在所述多个站点中的每个站点对应的资源单元的数据子载波的数目与导频子载波的数目之比不相同时，所述位移导频模式为所述多个站点中的每个站点对应的资源单元采用独立的位移导频处理方法。
在本发明实施例中，所述位移导频信息携带在所述前导部分的信令字段中。
在本发明实施例中，根据所述位移导频信息更新与本站点对应的资源单元的信道信息包括：根据所述位移导频信息得到所述数据单元中数据字段中的OFDM符号的导频子载波的位置；根据处于所述位置的所述导频子载波更新所述信道信息。
在本发明实施例中，根据处于所述位置的所述导频子载波更新所述信道信息包括：通过所述数据单元中前导码中的训练数据得到所述本站点对应的资源单元的初始信道估计；利用所述初始信道估计解析所述数据单元中数据字段中的第一个OFDM符号；以所述第一个OFDM符号作为更新所述初始信道信息的起点，执行以下处理过程，直到更新完所述初始信道估计为止：利用所述数据字段中的第N个OFDM符号的导频子载波估计信道信息，得到第一信道信息；将得到的所述第一信道信息替换所述初始信道估计中与所述第N个OFDM符号对应的信道信息，得到更新后的初始信道估计；其中，所述更新后的初始信道估计用于解析所述数据字段中的第N+1个OFDM符号；其中，1<N<T，N为整数，T为所述位移导频循环周期。
在本发明实施例中，根据处于所述位置的所述导频子载波更新所述信 道信息包括：通过所述数据单元中前导码中的训练数据得到所述本站点对应的资源单元的初始信道估计；利用所述初始信道估计解调所述数据单元中的数据字段的第1至M个OFDM符号；以所述数据字段中的M个OFDM符号为单位，以所述数据字段的第1至M个OFDM符号为起点，执行以下处理过程，直至更新完所述初始信道估计为止：利用M个OFDM符号的导频子载波分别估计信道信息，得到M个信道信息；将所述M个信道信息替换所述初始信道估计中与所述M个OFDM符号对应的信道信息，得到更新后的初始信道估计；其中，所述更新后的初始信道估计用于解调所述数据字段中的所述M个OFDM符号后的M个OFDM符号；其中，1<M<T，M为整数，T为所述位移导频循环周期。
在本发明实施例中，通过以下至少之一方法接收数据单元：单流正交频分多址接入OFDMA方式、多流OFDMA方式、多输入多输出MIMO方式。
根据本发明的一个实施例，提供了一种数据单元的发送装置，包括：生成模块，设置为生成数据单元，其中，所述数据单元中的数据字段包括一个或者多个正交频分复用OFDM符号块，其中，每个所述OFDM符号块中包含一个或者多个OFDM符号；所述数据单元中的前导部分包括：用于指示所述数据字段中每个所述OFDM符号块中的OFDM符号的位移导频信息；发送模块，设置为发送所述数据单元。
根据本发明的一个实施例，提供了一种数据单元的接收装置，包括：接收模块，设置为接收发送站点发送的数据单元，其中，所述数据单元中的数据字段包括一个或者多个正交频分复用OFDM符号块，其中，每个所述OFDM符号块中包含一个或者多个OFDM符号；所述数据单元中的前导部分包括：用于指示所述数据字段中每个所述OFDM符号块中的OFDM符号的位移导频信息；更新模块，设置为根据位移导频信息更新与本站点对应的资源单元的信道信息。
根据本发明的一个实施例，提供了一种站点，包括上述的发送装置。
根据本发明的一个实施例，提供了一种站点，包括上述的处理装置。
根据本发明的又一个实施例，还提供了一种存储介质。该存储介质设置为存储用于执行以下步骤的程序代码：生成数据单元，其中，数据单元中的数据字段包括一个或者多个正交频分复用OFDM符号块，其中，每个所述OFDM符号块中包含一个或者多个OFDM符号；所述数据单元中的前导部分包括：用于指示所述数据字段中每个所述OFDM符号块中的OFDM符号的位移导频信息。
根据本发明的又一个实施例，还提供了一种存储介质，所述存储介质包括存储的程序，其中，所述程序运行时执行上述任一项所述的方法。
根据本发明的又一个实施例，还提供了一种处理器，所述处理器用于运行程序，其中，所述程序运行时执行上述任一项所述的方法。
通过本发明，由于在数据单元中设置了用于指示数据字段中每个OFDM符号块中的OFDM符号的位移导频信息，进而使得当多普勒环境频移引起信道变化时，能够利用该位移导频信息进行更新信道信息，解决了相关技术中在OFDMA或MU-MIMO情况下，站点无法在同一个数据单元中更新信道信息的问题。
附图说明
此处所说明的附图用来提供对本发明的进一步理解，构成本申请的一部分，本发明的示意性实施例及其说明用于解释本发明，并不构成对本发明的不当限定。在附图中：
图1是根据本发明实施例提供的WLAN通信系统多用户传输的网络架构示意图；
图2是根据本发明实施例的数据单元的发送方法的流程图；
图3是根据本发明实施例提供的统一的位移导频处理方法的示意图；
图4是根据本发明实施例提供的OFDMA下多用户位移导频独立指示的示意图；
图5是根据本发明实施例的数据单元的处理方法的流程图；
图6是根据本发明优选实施例提供的完整带宽的资源块分配的示意图；
图7是根据本发明优选实施例提供的完整带宽第i+1符号个位移导频的位移示意图；
图8是根据本发明优选实施例提供的任意两个RU独立的位移导频分布的示意图；
图9是根据本发明优选实施例提供的多空时流位移导频的示意图；
图10是根据本发明实施例的数据单元的发送装置的结构框图；
图11是根据本发明实施例的数据单元的接收装置的结构框图。
具体实施方式
下文中将参考附图并结合实施例来详细说明本发明。需要说明的是，在不冲突的情况下，本申请中的实施例及实施例中的特征可以相互组合。
需要说明的是，本发明的说明书和权利要求书及上述附图中的术语“第一”、“第二”等是用于区别类似的对象，而不必用于描述特定的顺序或先后次序。
实施例1
本申请实施例可以运行于图1所示的网络架构WLAN通信系统中多用户传输的网络架构上，如图1所示，该网络架构包括：接入站点(Access Point，简称AP)，多个站点(Station，简称STA)，其中，接入站点与多个站点之间可以相互通信，即接入站点可以向多个站点发送信息，多个站点中的每一个站点也可以向接入站点发送信息。
在本实施例中提供了一种运行于上述网络架构上的数据单元的发送方法，图2是根据本发明实施例的数据单元的发送方法的流程图，如图2所示，该流程包括如下步骤：
步骤S202，生成数据单元，其中，数据单元中的数据字段包括一个 或者多个正交频分复用OFDM符号块，其中，每个所述OFDM符号块中包含一个或者多个OFDM符号；所述数据单元中的前导部分包括：用于指示所述数据字段中每个所述OFDM符号块中的OFDM符号的位移导频信息；
步骤S204，发送上述数据单元。
通过上述步骤，由于在数据单元中设置了用于更新资源单元信道信息的位移导频信息，进而使得当多普勒环境频移引起信道变化时，能够利用该位移导频信息更新信道信息，解决了相关技术中在OFDMA或MU-MIMO情况下，站点无法在同一个数据单元中更新信道信息的问题。
需要说明的是，上述步骤S202可以单独执行，也可以与上述步骤S204结合执行，在步骤S202单独执行的情况下，也可以解决上述技术问题。
在本发明的一个实施例中，上述数据单元中还包括以下至少之一信息：资源单元的分配信息、每个资源单元的空时流数目、用于指示是否使用位移导频的多普勒比特位。需要说明的是，上述资源单元的分配信息可以是资源单元与站点之间的对应关系，即接入站点给不同的站点分配的哪些资源块，但并不限于此。
需要说明的是，一个OFDM符号对应到频域可以包含多个数据子载波和/或导频子载波；将这些数据子载波和/或导频子载波分为多个资源单元，每个资源单元中包括一个或者多个数据子载波和/或导频子载波，每个资源单元可以对应一个用户(站点)。
需要说明的是，上述方法可以应用于下行多用户传输，也可以应用于上行多用户传输，但并不限于此。
在本发明的一个实施例中，在上述方法应用于上行多用户传输时，在生成数据单元之前，所述方法还包括：接收接入站点发送的触发帧，其中，所述触发帧包含用于所述多个站点中的每个站点生成所述数据单元的指示信息；其中，所述指示信息包括所述位移导频信息；生成数据单元包括：根据所述指示信息生成所述数据单元。
需要说明的是，上述位移导频信息包括以下至少之一：位移导频间隔，其中，所述位移导频间隔用于指示所述数据字段中相邻正交频分复用OFDM符号对应的导频子载波的间隔；位移导频循环周期，其中，所述位移导频循环周期用于指示所述数据字段中的导频子载波遍历完所有的数据子载波所经过的OFDM符号的数目；用于指示参与多用户传输的站点的位移导频处理模式。
需要说明的是，上述相邻OFDM符号的导频子载波的间隔可以根据上述位移导频间隔设置为一个或者多个子载波，但并不限于此。
需要说明的是，可以通过以下至少之一方式发送所述数据单元：单流正交频分多址接入OFDMA多用户方式、多流OFDMA多用户方式、多输入多输出MIMO方式。
需要说明的是，OFDMA方式可以是指不同的用户使用不同的频率资源进行传输。
需要说明的是，位移导频处理模式包括，多个站点中的每个站点对应的资源单元采用统一的位移导频处理方法，或者多个站点中的每个站点对应的资源单元采用独立的位移导频处理方法；其中，所述位移导频处理方法是站点根据位移导频更新信道信息。在多个站点中的每个站点对应的资源单元的数据子载波的数目与导频子载波的数目之比相同时，位移导频模式为多个站点中的每个站点对应的资源单元采用统一的位移导频处理方法；在多个站点中的每个站点对应的资源单元的数据子载波的数目与导频子载波的数目之比不相同时，位移导频模式为多个站点中的每个站点对应的资源单元采用独立的位移导频处理方法。
需要说明的是，图3是根据本发明实施例提供的统一的位移导频处理方法的示意图，如图3所示，多个用户对应的资源块的位移导频指示信息采用相同的比特进行指示，图4是根据本发明实施例提供的OFDMA下多用户位移导频独立指示的示意图，如图4所示，每个资源块采用独立的位移导频处理方法可以表现为每个资源块的导频子载波进行独立指示。
在本发明的一个实施例中，上述位移导频信息携带在数据单元的前导码的信令字段中。
在本发明的一个实施例中，每个所述OFDM符号块中的OFDM符号的个数等于所述前导部分中的信令字段中所指示的空时流的个数，处于同一OFDM符号块中的OFDM符号的导频子载波位置所在的子载波索引是相同的。
需要说明的是，可以通过以下至少之一方式确定每个OFDM符号块中OFDM符号的导频子载波位置的值：利用投影矩阵和导频序列确定；将所述数据单元中训练字段的长训练序列中对应子载波位置的值作为每个OFDM符号块中OFDM符号的导频子载波位置的值。
需要说明的是，利用投影矩阵和导频序列确定可以为利用单层传统导频序列生成正交的多层导频序列，但并不限于此。
比如，假设站点具有两个空时流，对于26toneRU来讲，导频序列为p26tone{6,20}＝[1,1]，投影矩阵为
Figure PCTCN2017087214-appb-000001
位移导频间隔为1，位移导频循环周期为26个OFDM符号，以前两个符号的两个空时流的导频子载波位置的值为例，那么通过导频序列中的元素与投影矩阵相乘获得，能够得到第一个OFDM符号第一个空时流的导频子载波位置的值，第一个OFDM符号第二个空时流流的导频子载波位置的值，第二个OFDM符号第一个空时流流的导频子载波位置的值，第二个OFDM符号第二个空时流流的导频子载波位置的值，比如上述导频序列中的第一个值1与上述投影矩阵相乘得到的一个矩阵，该矩阵中的值分别对应第一个OFDM符号第一个空时流第6个导频子载波的值，第一个OFDM符号第二个空时流第6个导频子载波的值，第二个OFDM符号第一个空时流的第6个导频子载波的值，第二个OFDM符号第二个空时流的第6个导频子载波的值。
需要说明的是，上述方法可以用于多用户单流的场景下，也可以用于多用户多流的场景，但并不限于此。当用于多用户单流场景时，上述每个资源单元的空时流数据相同，都为1个，在用于多用户多流场景时，上述每个资源单元的空时流数目是不同的。需要说明的是，位移导频循环周期与空时流的数目有关，空时流数据越大，位移导频循环周期就越大。
在本发明实施例中，上述数据单元可以为协议数据单元，但并不限于此，上述步骤的执行主体可以为接入站点，但并不限于此。
在本实施例中提供了一种运行于上述网络架构数据单元的发送方法，图5是根据本发明实施例的数据单元的处理方法的流程图，如图5所示，该流程包括如下步骤：
步骤S502，接收发送站点发送的数据单元，其中，数据单元中的数据字段包括一个或者多个正交频分复用OFDM符号块，其中，每个所述OFDM符号块中包含一个或者多个OFDM符号；所述数据单元中的前导部分包括：用于指示所述数据字段中每个所述OFDM符号块中的OFDM符号的位移导频信息；
步骤S504，根据位移导频信息更新与本站点对应的资源单元的信道信息。
通过上述步骤，可以由于在数据单元中设置了用于更新资源单元信道信息的位移导频信息，进而在接收到该数据单元时，可以通过该数据单元中的位移导频信息来更新信道信息，进而解决了相关技术中在OFDMA或MU-MIMO情况下，站点无法在同一个数据单元中更新信道信息的问题。
在本发明的一个实施例中，上述数据单元中还包括以下至少之一信息：资源单元的分配信息、每个资源单元的空时流数目、用于指示是否使用位移导频的多普勒比特位。需要说明的是，上述资源单元的分配信息可以是资源单元与站点之间的对应关系，即接入站点给不同的站点分配的哪些资源块，但并不限于此。
在本发明的一个实施例中，上述位移导频信息包括以下至少之一：位 移导频间隔，其中，所述位移导频间隔用于指示数据单元中的数据字段中相邻正交频分复用OFDM符号对应的导频子载波的间隔；位移导频循环周期，其中，所述位移导频循环周期用于指示数据字段中的导频子载波遍历完所有的数据子载波所经过的OFDM符号的数目；用于指示参与多用户传输的站点的位移导频处理模式。
需要说明的是，上述相邻OFDM符号对应的导频子载波的间隔可以根据上述位移导频间隔设置为一个或者多个子载波，但并不限于此。
需要说明的是，位移导频处理模式包括，多个站点中的每个站点对应的资源单元采用统一的位移导频处理方法，或者多个站点中的每个站点对应的资源单元采用独立的位移导频处理方法；其中，所述位移导频处理方法是站点根据位移导频更新信道信息。在多个站点中的每个站点对应的资源单元的数据子载波的数目与导频子载波的数目之比相同时，位移导频模式为多个站点中的每个站点对应的资源单元采用统一的位移导频处理方法；在多个站点中的每个站点对应的资源单元的数据子载波的数目与导频子载波的数目之比不相同时，位移导频模式为多个站点中的每个站点对应的资源单元采用独立的位移导频处理方法。
需要说明的是，如图3所示，多个用户对应的资源块的位移导频指示信息采用相同的比特进行指示，如图4所示，每个资源块采用独立的位移导频处理方法可以表现为每个资源块的导频子载波进行独立指示。
在本发明的一个实施例中，上述位移导频信息携带在数据单元的前导码的信令字段中。
需要说明的是，上述方法可以用于多用户单流的场景下，也可以用于多用户多流的场景，但并不限于此。当用于多用户单流场景时，上述每个资源单元的空时流数据相同，都为1个，在用于多用户多流场景时，上述每个资源单元的空时流数目是不同的。需要说明的是，位移导频循环周期与空时流的数目有关，空时流数据越大，位移导频循环周期就越大。
在本发明的一个实施例中，可以通过以下至少之一方法将数据单元发 送给多个站点：单流正交频分多址接入OFDMA方式、多流OFDMA方式、多输入多输出MIMO方式。即实际上，上述方法可以应用于OFDMA或者MU-MIMO的情况。
在本发明实施例中，上述数据单元可以为协议数据单元，但并不限于此，上述步骤的执行主体可以是站点，但并不限于此。
在本发明的一个实施例中，上述步骤S304可以表现为根据所述位移导频信息得到所述数据单元中数据字段中的OFDM符号的导频子载波的位置；根据处于所述位置的所述导频子载波更新所述信道信息。具体可以表现为以下至少之一形式，但并不限于此：(1)通过所述数据单元中前导码中的训练数据得到所述本站点对应的资源单元的初始信道估计；利用所述初始信道估计解析所述数据单元中数据字段中的第一个OFDM符号；以所述第一个OFDM符号作为更新所述初始信道信息的起点，执行以下处理过程，直到更新完所述初始信道估计为止：利用所述数据字段中的第N个OFDM符号的导频子载波估计信道信息，得到第一信道信息；将得到的所述第一信道信息替换所述初始信道估计中与所述第N个OFDM符号对应的信道信息，得到更新后的初始信道估计；其中，所述更新后的初始信道估计用于解析所述数据字段中的第N+1个OFDM符号；其中，1<N<T，N为整数，T为所述位移导频循环周期。(2)通过所述数据单元中前导码中的训练数据得到所述本站点对应的资源单元的初始信道估计；利用所述初始信道估计解调所述数据单元中的数据字段的第1至M个OFDM符号；以所述数据字段中的M个OFDM符号为单位，以所述数据字段的第1至M个OFDM符号为起点，执行以下处理过程，直至更新完所述初始信道估计为止：利用M个OFDM符号的导频子载波分别估计信道信息，得到M个信道信息；将所述M个信道信息替换所述初始信道估计中与所述M个OFDM符号对应的信道信息，得到更新后的初始信道估计；其中，所述更新后的初始信道估计用于解调所述数据字段中的所述M个OFDM符号后的M个OFDM符号；其中，1<M<T，M为整数，T为所述位移导频循环周期。
对于第(1)种形式侧重于利用第一个OFDM符号中的导频子载波估计得到的信道信息替换了初始信道估计中对应的信道信息后得到的新的初始信道估计来解调第二OFDM符号，第二个OFDM符号中的导频子载波估计得到的信道信息替换了初始信道估计中对应的信道信息后得到的新的初始信道估计来解调第三个OFDM符号，依次类推直到更新完毕。对于第(2)种形式侧重于以初始信道估计解调一部分OFDM符号(比如第1至第12个ODFM符号)，在解调这一部分OFDM符号时，保存这一部分OFDM符号中的每一个OFDM符号的导频子载波估计得到的信道估计(比如12个信道估计值)，在解调完这一部分OFDM符号后，将这些信道估计替换初始信道估计，得到更新后的初始信道估计，利用更新后的初始信道估计去解调另一部OFDM符号(比如第13至24个OFDM符号)，直到更新完毕。无论采用哪种表现形式都能够完成信道信息的更新。
为了更好地理解本发明，以下结合优选的实施例对本发明做进一步解释。
在一个实施例中，提供了通信系统位移导频的添加方法，在另一个实施例，还提供了发送端生成具有位移导频的多资源块用户数据单元的生成方法，在另一个实施例中接收端通过接收到的数据单元通过循环位移导频进行信道估计以及数据单元的检测。在一种实施方式中，一种用于指示数据单元导频子载波在数据字段符号循环位移的方法，包括数据单元中前导码中的导频子载波循环位移的指示方式，以及导频子载波在数据单元部分每个字段的位移模式。该指示方式是描述单流情况下多个资源快上的位移模式；其中该数据单元包含了前导序列和数据字段，数据字段包含了多个用户资源块，每个资源块都有独立位移导频子载波，每个用户的位移方式指示在前导码中使用多个独立的字段指示。在另一种实施例中每个数据单元包含了多个用户的数据，位移导频子载波是独立于用户的资源块，在数据单元的前导码中，用单个字段进行指示。
在另一种实施方式中，一种用于指示多流数据单元导频子载波在数据字段符号循环移位的方式以及具有循环位移导频的多流数据单元生成方 法。在另一种实施例中包含了多流情况下，数据单元中前导码中独立指示位移导频生成模式，数据单元中数据字段中各个用户资源块多流数据字段的独立生成方式。在另一个实施例中，数据单元中前导码统一指示多个用户资源块数据生成中的导频循环位移模式，数据单元的数据字段多用户资源块统一生成导频循环位移。
上述方案提供了通信系统在多普勒环境中，发送端发送的多用户数据单元在不增加额外开销的情况下，通过多用户之间的位移导频子载波来进行信道估计，应用于数据单元的不同部分，降低物理层的误码率，提高物理层的通信质量。
本发明实施例还提供了一种优选的用于在多用户OFDMA单数据流通信系统中导频位移的指示和导频位移的方法，本方法包括：设置导频子载波指示符以及设置导频子载波的位移，生成数据单元。数据单元前导码中指示符包含了多用户共同信息，所述多用户共同信息指示了参与多用户传输站点的导频位移模式，或者数据单元前导码中的指示信息包含了每个用户信息，每个用户信息指示了参与多用户传输站点的导频位移设置。所述的多用户共同信息包含了导频子载波的位移间隔，导频子载波的位移循环周期，多普勒指示位。所述的每个用户信息包含了导频子载波的位移间隔，导频子载波的位移循环周期，多普勒指示位。所述的用户各自拥有RU资源块，每个RU包含了一个或多个导频子载波。所述数据单元中的数据字段中相邻OFDM符号导频子载波的间隔是根据数据单元指示的导频位移间隔设置为相隔一个或多个子载波。所述生成的数据单元为协议数据单元。
本发明实施例还提供了一种优选的用于生成OFDMA MU-MIMO数据单元方法，本方法包括生成向多个用户包含发送多流数据单元，多用户的导频子载波的位移指示信息，生成多流的导频子载波值。所述的导频位移指示信息包含了相邻数据符号导频子载波的位移间隔，位移导频的循环周期，空时流数目，多普勒指示位。通过导频基序列生成多流导频位移值。所述的用户各自拥有的RU资源块，每个RU包含了导频子载波；所述数 据单元中的数据字段中相邻OFDM符号导频子载波的间隔是根据数据单元指示的导频位移间隔设置为相隔一个或多个子载波。上述数据单元可以协议数据单元。
以下结合几个具体的优选实施例进行说明：
这些优选实施例是针对基于802.11系列协议WLAN的通信系统中使用，主要涉及到物理层生成多用户的数据单元时，导频子载波的设置规则与方法，以及接收端的处理流程。如图1所示，AP同时向多个站点STA发送数据，在该环境可以是复杂的室外环境,AP根据站点反馈的信道信息以及误包率等决定位移导频的需要的参数信息，生成具有位移导频的多用户数据单元，通过MU-MIMO或者OFDMA方式发送到不同的站点。
优选实施例1
在本优选实施例中，由于AP和站点之间有汽车通过，其通信信道发生了变化，但不限于此方式的引起的环境多普勒信道变化，AP通过OFDMA单流方式发送数据单元给多个站点STA，每个站点占用不同的RU，每个RU包含不同数目的正交子载波，不同站点通过OFDMA方式的RU分配如图6所示，图6是根据本发明优选实施例提供的完整带宽的资源块分配的示意图。
AP在数据单元中通过数据单元的前导码中信令字段(eg:HE-SIG-B)指示RU分配，每个RU的空时流数，多普勒比特位(该位用来指示站点是否使用位移导频)，位移导频间隔，位移导频处理模式等信息。每个RU的粒度不同的，当每个RU的数据子载波与导频子载波的比例相同时，AP站点每个RU采用统一的位移导频处理模式，当每个RU的数据子载波域导频子载波比例不同时，AP站点对每个RU采用独立的位移导频处理模式。
当AP站点在单流OFDMA模式下向多个站点发送下行数据单元时，当每个RU的数据子载波和导频子载波比例相同时，比如11ax中26tone RU，数据子载波与导频子载波比例为24/2＝12，52toneRU数据子载波和导频子载波比例48/4＝12，AP通过前导码中的关于位移导频的信息指示使用统一 的处理方式，每个RU都遵循位移间隔k，位移导频符号循环周期T等指示信息，位移导频间隔k表示了两个相邻的OFDM符号中导频位移的间隔；位移导频符号循环周期T表示了导频子载波经过T个OFDM符号可以遍历完所有的数据子载波，每个RU的数据子载波和导频子载波的比例相同时，即如下式：
Figure PCTCN2017087214-appb-000002
其中NSD,i NSP,i表示第i个RU的数据子载波个数和导频音子载波个数，当位移导频间隔设置为k＝1时，位移导频符号循环周期为T等于数据子载波与导频子载波的比例D，当k大于1时，位移导频符号循环周期T＝D/k,可以看出当位移间隔越小需要的符号循环周期越长。
AP通过上述信息进行位移导频的设置，图7是根据本发明优选实施例提供的完整带宽第i+1符号个位移导频的位移示意图，如图7所示，每相邻的OFDM数据符号中的位移导频间隔为k，k的取值根据站点STA返回的信道SNR的阈值决定，每T个OFDM符号会循环完一遍数据子载波。
接收端STA接收到全带宽的数据，解析前导码信令部分中该站点的RU分配，位移导频间隔k，位移导频循环周期T，通过前导码中的长训练序列得到初始信道估计H，长训练序列(eg:LTF)在数据单元的前导码中预先定义的一组序列，用来估计每个子载波的信道信息，当发送多个空时流时也会将长训练序列扩展到多个空时流上，长训练序列的个数等于空时流数目(空时流为偶数时)或者空时流数目加一(空时流为奇数时)，在每次的解OFDM数据符号时，通过该OFDM数据符号的导频子载波接收数据估计该导频子载波的信道信息h，通过h更新信道估计H中对应导频子载波的信道信息，依次迭代的更新H，通过T个OFDM符号可以完全更新本站点RU上完整的信道信息H，将更新后的H用于解析后续的数据OFDM符号。
优选实施例2
在本优选实施例中，AP通单流OFDMA方式向多用户发送数据单元，每个RU的导频图样不同，即数据子载波和导频子载波比例不同时，如下式：
Figure PCTCN2017087214-appb-000003
每个RU的位移导频符号循环周期Ti是不同的，AP在数据单元的前导部分的信令域(eg:HE-SIG-B)分别指示每个用户的RU分配，位移导频为循环间隔ki，位移导频的符号遍历周期Ti，多普勒比特位等，例如11ax中52tone RU的导频是4个，106tone RU的导频也是4个，数据子载波和导频子载波的比例不同，不同RU遍历数据子载波需要的OFDM符号数也是不同的，AP在数据单元前导码中信令字段独立指示每个用户需要的唯一指示信息。
AP在生成数据单元对在不同的符号进行位移的时候，位移导频只在本RU内部进行，图8是根据本发明优选实施例提供的任意两个RU独立的位移导频分布的示意图，如图8所示，在不同的位移两个不同RU在相邻的OFDM符号数据上，位移导频间隔也是不同，位移导频的间隔ki取值根据站点STA反馈的信道SNR以及误包率进行设置，在单流上不同的OFDM使用导频基序列，导频基序列是预先定义的OFDM符号上的导频序列，例如在11ac协议中20MHz带宽中，导频基序列为P20MHz{-21,-7,7,-21}＝[1,1,1,-1]即在子载波-21,-7,7,21处设置的值为1,1,1,-1。
当某个站点STA接收到数据单元时，解析信令字段，得到本站点的RU分布，位移导频符号遍历周期，位移导频间隔，多普勒比特位，当该站点设置了多普勒比特位时，站点通过前导码中的长训练序列得到该站点RU的信道估计H，在使用信道估计解数据OFDM符号同时，使用OFDM符号中的导频获得新的导频子载波的信道信息h，比如，第一个OFDM符号使用长训练序列得到的H进行解析，通过第一个OFDM符号获得导频估计信道信息h，更新H对应子载波的信道信息，更新后的H，用来解析第二OFDM符号，通过第二个数据OFDM符号中位移导频得到信道h更 新H，依次类推处理，通过T个数据OFDM就可以更新完所有的H。不同站点STA通过这种方法更新对应RU的信道信息。
优选实施例3
在本优选实施例中，在无线局域网(Wireless Local Network，简称WLAN)通信系统中，当AP通过MIMO以及OFDMA方式对多个站点进行通信，不同的站点STA，使用不同的RU，每个站点STA具有多个空时流，在这种情况下，由于每个站点使用空时流数目不同，每个站点的位移导频独立的处理。
首先，AP站点在数据单元中的前导码中信令字段(eg:HE-SIG-B)指示不同站点STA的RU分配，空时流数目NSTS，位移导频的间隔k，位移导频循环周期T，多普勒比特位等信息。当具有多个空时流数目时，位移导频循环周期T与单流情况是不同的：
Figure PCTCN2017087214-appb-000004
其中i表示第i个站点，这种情况下需要产生多流的位移导频子载波的数据，例如11ax中26tone RU中，当具有两个空时流时，如果要获得某个子载波的信道信息，就需要两个符号上的该子载波的接收数据，不同空时流的位移导频对应的数据是正交的，多空时流的位移导频生成方式：假设STA具有两个空时流，对于26tone RU来说，导频基序列为p26tone{6,20}＝[1,1]，位移导频间隔为k＝1，位移导频循环周期T为26个OFDM符号，通过P矩阵对每个子载波的数据进行正交映射，P矩阵为：
Figure PCTCN2017087214-appb-000005
前两个符号的两个流上的导频子载波数据通过p*P得到，p为导频基序列的元素，本例中p*P得到的四个导频值，分别是第一个符号第一个空时流，第一个符号第二个空时流，第二个符号第一个空时流，第二个符号第二个空时流，按照这种方法通过导频基序列生成多空时流的导频数据，每NSTS个OFDM符号，导频子载波的位置位移k，通过T个OFDM符号 的位移导频的依次完整位移循环，例如图9是根据本发明优选实施例提供的多空时流位移导频的示意图，如图9示例中的26tone RU中，初始导频位置为6和20子载波，生成两个流的导频值，每隔两个OFDM符号位移导频1个子载波间隔，本例中设置k＝1，通过26个OFDM符号遍历完具有两个流的26toneRU。
在AP发送下行多空时流情况下，接收端站点STA接收到数据单元，解析出长训练序列，获得该站点RU的初始信道估计H，将该信道估计应用在该RU的数据字段的前NSTS个OFDM符号上，解得对应RU的数据，通过前NSTS个OFDM符号得到位移导频的信道信息h，更新对应的初始信道估计H中对应的子载波索引的信道信息，通过T个OFDM数据符号迭代信道信息被完全更新一遍。
优选实施例4
在本优选实施例中，在WLAN通信系统中，当AP通过MIMO以及OFDMA方式对多个站点进行通信，不同的站点STA，使用不同的RU，每个站点STA具有多个空时流，在这种情况下，由于每个站点使用空时流数目不同，每个站点的位移导频独立的处理。
首先，AP站点在数据单元中的前导码中信令字段(eg:HE-SIG-B)指示不同站点STA的RU分配，空时流数目NSTS，位移导频的间隔k，位移导频循环周期T，多普勒比特位等信息。当具有多个空时流数目时，位移导频循环周期T与单流情况是不同的：
Figure PCTCN2017087214-appb-000006
其中i表示第i个站点，这种情况下需要产生多流的位移导频生成对应子载波的数据，例如11ax中26tone RU中，当具有两个空时流时，不同空时流的位移导频对应的数据是正交的，多空时流的位移导频生成方式：直接采用前导序列中上长训练序列的值作为导频子载波的数据，这种方式复用了长训练数据，而且长训训练序列个数与空时流数目相等或者等于空 时流数据加一，这样可以减少发送端的复杂度，例如，对于26toneRU来说，导频索引第6和第20个子载波上的数据采用长训练序列对应的子载波上的数据。
按照上述方法，可以AP可以在下行多空时流情况下生成每个RU上的位移导频信息。
在AP发送下行多空时流情况下，接收端站点STA接收到数据单元，解析出长训练序列，获得该站点RU的初始信道估计H，将该信道估计应用在该RU的数据字段的前NSTS个OFDM符号上，解得对应RU的数据，通过前NSTS个OFDM符号得到位移导频的信道信息h，更新对应的初始信道估计H中对应的子载波索引的信道信息，通过T个OFDM数据符号迭代信道信息被完全更新一遍。
优选实施例5
在本优选实施例中，多个用户同时发送数据单元给AP，AP发送触发(Trigger)帧调度不同用户的通过上行OFDMA方式发送数据，AP在Trigger帧中指示了每个用户使用不同的位移导频进行指示，每个用户接收到Trigger帧得到本站点的信息，例如本站点的RU分配，位移导频信息，数据流分配等，通过这些信息站点进行数据单元的生成，在生成数据单元时，每个站点只是使用本RU进行数据传输，每个站点使用Trigger帧中指示的本站点位移导频信息：STA的RU分配，空时流数目NSTS，位移导频的间隔k，位移导频循环周期T，多普勒比特位，生成上行具有位移导频的数据单元。
通过以上的实施方式的描述，本领域的技术人员可以清楚地了解到根据上述实施例的方法可借助软件加必需的通用硬件平台的方式来实现，当然也可以通过硬件，但很多情况下前者是更佳的实施方式。基于这样的理解，本发明的技术方案本质上或者说对现有技术做出贡献的部分可以以软件产品的形式体现出来，该计算机软件产品存储在一个存储介质(如ROM/RAM、磁碟、光盘)中，包括若干指令用以使得一台终端设备(可 以是手机，计算机，服务器，或者网络设备等)执行本发明各个实施例所述的方法。
实施例2
在本实施例中还提供了一种数据单元的发送装置，该装置用于实现上述实施例及优选实施方式，已经进行过说明的不再赘述。如以下所使用的，术语“模块”可以实现预定功能的软件和/或硬件的组合。尽管以下实施例所描述的装置较佳地以软件来实现，但是硬件，或者软件和硬件的组合的实现也是可能并被构想的。
图10是根据本发明实施例的数据单元的发送装置的结构框图，如图10所示，该装置包括：
生成模块1002，设置为生成数据单元，其中，数据单元中的数据字段包括一个或者多个正交频分复用OFDM符号块，其中，每个所述OFDM符号块中包含一个或者多个OFDM符号；所述数据单元中的前导部分包括：用于指示所述数据字段中每个所述OFDM符号块中的OFDM符号的位移导频信息；
发送模块1004，与上述生成模块1002连接，设置为发送所述数据单元。
通过上述装置，由于在数据单元中设置了用于更新资源单元信道信息的位移导频信息，将该数据单元发送给站点，进而使得当多普勒环境频移引起信道变化时，站点能够利用该位移导频信息更新信道信息，解决了相关技术中在OFDMA或MU-MIMO情况下，由于环境多普勒频移引起的信道变化使得站点无法在同一个数据单元中更新信道信息的问题。
在本发明的一个实施例中，上述数据单元中还包括以下至少之一信息：资源单元的分配信息、每个资源单元的空时流数目、用于指示是否使用位移导频的多普勒比特位。需要说明的是，上述资源单元的分配信息可以是资源单元与站点之间的对应关系，即接入站点给不同的站点分配的哪些资源块，但并不限于此。
需要说明的是，上述装置可以应用于上行多用户传输，也可以应用于下行多用户传输，但并不限于此。
需要说明的是，上述生成模块1002可以单独存在，也可以与上述发送模块1004结合，并不限于此。上述生成模块1002与上述发送模块1004结合的装置可以应用于下行多用户传输。
在本发明的一个实施例中，在应用于上行多用户传输时，上述装置还包括：接收模块，设置为接收接入站点发送的触发帧，其中，所述触发帧包含用于所述多个站点中的每个站点生成所述数据单元的指示信息；其中，所述指示信息包括所述位移导频信息；上述生成模块1002还设置为根据所述指示信息生成所述数据单元。
需要说明的是，上述位移导频信息包括以下至少之一：位移导频间隔，其中，所述位移导频间隔用于指示所述数据字段中相邻正交频分复用OFDM符号对应的导频子载波的间隔；位移导频循环周期，其中，所述位移导频循环周期用于指示所述数据字段中的导频子载波遍历完所有的数据子载波所经过的OFDM符号的数目；用于指示参与多用户传输的站点的位移导频处理模式。
需要说明的是，上述相邻OFDM符号对应的导频子载波的间隔可以根据上述位移导频间隔设置为一个或者多个子载波，但并不限于此。
需要说明的是，位移导频处理模式包括，多个站点中的每个站点对应的资源单元采用统一的位移导频处理方法，或者多个站点中的每个站点对应的资源单元采用独立的位移导频处理方法；其中，所述位移导频处理方法是站点根据位移导频更新信道信息。在多个站点中的每个站点对应的资源单元的数据子载波的数目与导频子载波的数目之比相同时，位移导频模式为多个站点中的每个站点对应的资源单元采用统一的位移导频处理方法；在多个站点中的每个站点对应的资源单元的数据子载波的数目与导频子载波的数目之比不相同时，位移导频模式为多个站点中的站点对应的每个资源单元采用独立的位移导频处理方法。
需要说明的是，如图3所示，多个用户对应的资源块的位移导频指示信息采用相同的比特进行指示，如图4所示，每个资源块采用独立的位移导频处理方法可以表现为每个资源块的位移导频进行独立指示。
在本发明的一个实施例中，上述位移导频信息携带在数据单元的前导码的信令字段中。
需要说明的是，上述方法可以用于多用户单流的场景下，也可以用于多用户多流的场景，但并不限于此。当用于多用户单流场景时，上述每个资源单元的空时流数据相同，都为1个，在用于多用户多流场景时，上述每个资源单元的空时流数目是不同的。需要说明的是，位移导频循环周期与空时流的数目有关，空时流数据越大，位移导频循环周期就越大。
在本发明的一个实施例中，在本发明的一个实施例中，每个所述OFDM符号块中的OFDM符号的个数等于所述前导部分中的信令字段中所指示的空时流的个数，处于同一OFDM符号块中的OFDM符号的导频位置所在的子载波索引是相同的。
在本发明的一个实施例中，上述装置还可以包括确定模块，设置为通过以下至少之一方式确定每个OFDM符号块中OFDM符号的导频位置：利用投影矩阵和导频序列确定；将所述数据单元中训练字段的长训练序列中对应子载波位置的值作为每个OFDM符号块中OFDM符号的导频位置的值。
在本发明的一个实施例中，上述发送模块1004可以通过以下至少之一方法发送数据单元：单流正交频分多址接入OFDMA方式、多流OFDMA方式、多输入多输出MIMO方式。或者，上述装置还可以包括接收模块，设置为通过以下至少之一方式接收数据单元：单流正交频分多址接入OFDMA方式、多流OFDMA方式、多输入多输出MIMO方式。
在本发明实施例中，上述数据单元可以为协议数据单元，但并不限于此，上述发送装置可以位于接入站点中，但并不限于此。
图11是根据本发明实施例的数据单元的接收装置的结构框图，如图 11所示，该装置包括：
接收模块1102，设置为接收发送站点发送的数据单元，其中，所述数据单元中的数据字段包括一个或者多个正交频分复用OFDM符号块，其中，每个所述OFDM符号块中包含一个或者多个OFDM符号；所述数据单元中的前导部分包括：用于指示所述数据字段中每个所述OFDM符号块中的OFDM符号的位移导频信息；
更新模块1104，与上述接收模块1102连接，设置为根据位移导频信息更新与本站点对应的资源单元的信道信息。
通过上述装置，由于在数据单元中设置了用于更新资源单元信道信息的位移导频信息，在接收到数据单元后，使得当多普勒环境频移引起信道变化时，站点能够利用该位移导频信息更新信道信息，解决了相关技术中在OFDMA或MU-MIMO情况下，由于环境多普勒频移引起的信道变化使得站点无法在同一个数据单元中更新信道信息的问题。
在本发明的一个实施例中，上述数据单元中还包括以下至少之一信息：资源单元的分配信息、每个资源单元的空时流数目、用于指示是否使用位移导频的多普勒比特位。需要说明的是，上述资源单元的分配信息可以是资源单元与站点之间的对应关系，即接入站点给不同的站点分配的哪些资源块，但并不限于此。
需要说明的是，上述位移导频信息包括以下至少之一：位移导频间隔，其中，所述位移导频间隔用于指示数据单元中的数据字段中相邻正交频分复用OFDM符号对应的导频子载波的间隔；位移导频循环周期，其中，所述位移导频循环周期用于指示数据字段中的导频子载波遍历完所有的数据子载波所经过的OFDM符号的数目；用于指示参与多用户传输的站点的位移导频处理模式。
需要说明的是，上述相邻OFDM符号对应的导频子载波的间隔可以根据上述位移导频间隔设置为一个或者多个子载波，但并不限于此。
需要说明的是，上述位移导频处理模式包括，多个站点中的每个站点 对应的资源单元采用统一的位移导频处理方法，或者多个站点中的每个站点对应的资源单元采用独立的位移导频处理方法；其中，所述位移导频处理方法是站点根据位移导频更新信道信息。在多个站点中的每个站点对应的资源单元的数据子载波的数目与导频子载波的数目之比相同时，位移导频模式为多个站点中的每个站点对应的资源单元采用统一的位移导频处理方法；在多个站点中的每个站点对应的资源单元的数据子载波的数目与导频子载波的数目之比不相同时，位移导频模式为多个站点中的每个站点对应的资源单元采用独立的位移导频处理方法。
需要说明的是，如图3所示，多个用户对应的资源块的位移导频指示信息采用相同的比特进行指示，如图4所示，每个资源块采用独立的位移导频处理方法可以表现为每个资源块的导频子载波进行独立指示。
在本发明的一个实施例中，上述位移导频信息携带在数据单元的前导码的信令字段中。
需要说明的是，上述方法可以用于多用户单流的场景下，也可以用于多用户多流的场景，但并不限于此。当用于多用户单流场景时，上述每个资源单元的空时流数据相同，都为1个，在用于多用户多流场景时，上述每个资源单元的空时流数目是不同的。需要说明的是，位移导频循环周期与空时流的数目有关，空时流数据越大，位移导频循环周期就越大。
在本发明的一个实施例中，在上述方法处于多用户多流场景下时，可以通过导频基序列来确定多个空时流下每个空时流对应的导频位移值。比如，假设站点具有两个空时流，对于26toneRU来讲，导频基序列为p26tone{6,20}＝[1,1]，位移导频间隔为1，位移导频循环周期为26个OFDM符号，以前两个符号的两个空时流的导频位移值为例，那么通过导频基序列可以得到4个导频位移值，分别为第一个符号第一个空时流的导频位移值，第一个符号第二个空时流的导频位移值，第二个符号第一个空时流的导频位移值，第二个符号第二个空时流的导频位移值。
在本发明的一个实施例中，上述更新模块1104还设置为根据所述位 移导频信息得到所述数据单元中数据字段中的OFDM符号的导频子载波的位置；以及根据处于所述位置的所述导频子载波更新所述信道信息。
优选地，上述更新模块1104还设置为通过所述数据单元中前导码中的训练数据得到所述本站点对应的资源单元的初始信道估计；利用所述初始信道估计解析所述数据单元中数据字段中的第一个OFDM符号；以所述第一个OFDM符号作为更新所述初始信道信息的起点，执行以下处理过程，直到更新完所述初始信道估计为止：利用所述数据字段中的第N个OFDM符号的导频子载波估计信道信息，得到第一信道信息；将得到的所述第一信道信息替换所述初始信道估计中与所述第N个OFDM符号对应的信道信息，得到更新后的初始信道估计；其中，所述更新后的初始信道估计用于解析所述数据字段中的第N+1个OFDM符号；其中，1<M<T，N为整数，T为所述位移导频循环周期。即上述更行模块1104利用第一个OFDM符号中的导频估计得到的信道信息替换了初始信道估计中对应的信道信息后得到的新的初始信道估计来解调第二OFDM符号，第二个OFDM符号中的导频子载波估计得到的信道信息替换了初始信道估计中对应的信道信息后得到的新的初始信道估计来解调第三个OFDM符号，依次类推直到更新完毕。
优选地，上述更新模块1104还设置为通过所述数据单元中前导码中的训练数据得到所述本站点对应的资源单元的初始信道估计；利用所述初始信道估计解调所述数据单元中的数据字段的第1至M个OFDM符号；以所述数据字段中的M个OFDM符号为单位，以所述数据字段的第1至M个OFDM符号为起点，执行以下处理过程，直至更新完所述初始信道估计为止：利用M个OFDM符号的导频子载波分别估计信道信息，得到M个信道信息；将所述M个信道信息替换所述初始信道估计中与所述M个OFDM符号对应的信道信息，得到更新后的初始信道估计；其中，所述更新后的初始信道估计用于解调所述数据字段中的所述M个OFDM符号后的M个OFDM符号；其中，1<M<T，M为整数，T为所述位移导频循环周期。即上述更新模块1104以初始信道估计解调一部分OFDM符 号(比如第1至第12个ODFM符号)，在解调这一部分OFDM符号时，保存这一部分OFDM符号中的每一个OFDM符号的导频估计得到的信道估计(比如12个信道估计值)，在解调完这一部分OFDM符号后，将这些信道估计替换初始信道估计，得到更新后的初始信道估计，利用更新后的初始信道估计去解调另一部OFDM符号(比如第13至24个OFDM符号)，直到更新完毕。
在本发明的一个实施例中，上述接收模块1102可以通过以下至少之一方法接收上述数据单元：单流正交频分多址接入OFDMA方式、多流OFDMA方式、多输入多输出MIMO方式。即实际上，上述方法可以应用于OFDMA或者MU-MIMO的情况。
在本发明实施例中，上述数据单元可以为协议数据单元，但并不限于此，上述发送装置可以位于站点中，但并不限于此。
需要说明的是，上述各个模块是可以通过软件或硬件来实现的，对于后者，可以通过以下方式实现，但不限于此：上述模块均位于同一处理器中；或者，上述各个模块以任意组合的形式分别位于不同的处理器中。
实施例3
在本实施例中还提供了一种站点，包括图10所述的发送装置。
在本实施例中还提供了另一种站点，包括图11所述的处理装置。
需要说明的是，对于发送装置和处理装置的相关解释可以参考实施例2的描述，此处不再赘述。
实施例4
本发明的实施例还提供了一种存储介质。可选地，在本实施例中，上述存储介质可以被设置为存储用于执行实施例1中的方法的步骤的程序代码。
可选地，在本实施例中，上述存储介质可以包括但不限于：U盘、只读存储器(ROM，Read-Only Memory)、随机存取存储器(RAM，Random  Access Memory)、移动硬盘、磁碟或者光盘等各种可以存储程序代码的介质。
本发明的实施例还提供了一种处理器，该处理器用于运行程序，其中，该程序运行时执行上述任一项方法中的步骤。
可选地，本实施例中的具体示例可以参考上述实施例及可选实施方式中所描述的示例，本实施例在此不再赘述。
显然，本领域的技术人员应该明白，上述的本发明的各模块或各步骤可以用通用的计算装置来实现，它们可以集中在单个的计算装置上，或者分布在多个计算装置所组成的网络上，可选地，它们可以用计算装置可执行的程序代码来实现，从而，可以将它们存储在存储装置中由计算装置来执行，并且在某些情况下，可以以不同于此处的顺序执行所示出或描述的步骤，或者将它们分别制作成各个集成电路模块，或者将它们中的多个模块或步骤制作成单个集成电路模块来实现。这样，本发明不限制于任何特定的硬件和软件结合。
以上所述仅为本发明的优选实施例而已，并不用于限制本发明，对于本领域的技术人员来说，本发明可以有各种更改和变化。凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
工业实用性
基于本发明实施例提供的上述技术方案，由于在数据单元中设置了用于指示数据字段中每个OFDM符号块中的OFDM符号的位移导频信息，进而使得当多普勒环境频移引起信道变化时，能够利用该位移导频信息进行更新信道信息，解决了相关技术中在OFDMA或MU-MIMO情况下，由于环境多普勒频移引起的信道变化使得站点无法在同一个数据单元中更新信道信息的问题。

Claims (25)

  1. 一种数据单元的发送方法，包括：
    生成数据单元，其中，所述数据单元中的数据字段包括一个或者多个正交频分复用OFDM符号块，其中，每个所述OFDM符号块中包含一个或者多个OFDM符号；所述数据单元中的前导部分包括：用于指示所述数据字段中每个所述OFDM符号块中的OFDM符号的位移导频信息；
    发送所述数据单元。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中，在生成数据单元之前，所述方法还包括：接收接入站点发送的触发帧，其中，所述触发帧包含用于多个站点中的每个站点生成所述数据单元的指示信息；其中，所述指示信息包括所述位移导频信息；
    生成数据单元包括：根据所述指示信息生成所述数据单元。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的方法，其中，所述位移导频信息包括以下至少之一：位移导频间隔，其中，所述位移导频间隔用于指示所述数据字段中相邻正交频分复用OFDM符号对应的导频子载波的间隔；位移导频循环周期，其中，所述位移导频循环周期用于指示所述数据字段中的导频子载波遍历完所有的数据子载波所经过的OFDM符号的数目；用于指示参与多用户传输的站点的位移导频处理模式。
  4. 根据权利要求1或2所述的方法，其中，通过以下至少之一方式发送所述数据单元：单流正交频分多址接入OFDMA多用户方式、多流OFDMA多用户方式、多输入多输出MIMO方式。
  5. 根据权利要求3所述的方法，其中，所述位移导频处理模式包括，多个站点中的每个站点对应的资源单元采用统一的位移导频处理方法，或者多个站点中的每个站点对应的资源单元采用独立的位移导频处理方法；其中，所述位移导频处理方法是站点根据位移导频更 新信道信息。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的方法，其中，在所述多个站点中的每个站点对应的资源单元中的数据子载波的数目与导频子载波的数目之比相同时，所述位移导频模式为所述多个站点中的每个站点对应的资源单元采用统一的位移导频处理方法；在所述多个站点中的每个站点对应的资源单元的数据子载波的数目与导频子载波的数目之比不相同时，所述位移导频模式为所述多个站点中的每个站点对应的资源单元采用独立的位移导频处理方法。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中，每个所述OFDM符号块中的OFDM符号的个数等于所述前导部分中的信令字段中所指示的空时流的个数，处于同一OFDM符号块中的OFDM符号的导频子载波位置所在的子载波索引是相同的。
  8. 根据权利要求1或7所述的方法，通过以下至少之一方式确定每个OFDM符号块中OFDM符号的导频子载波位置的值：
    利用投影矩阵和导频序列确定；
    将所述数据单元中训练字段的长训练序列中对应导频子载波位置的值作为每个OFDM符号块中OFDM符号的导频子载波位置的值。
  9. 一种数据单元的处理方法，包括：
    接收发送站点发送的数据单元，其中，所述数据单元中的数据字段包括一个或者多个正交频分复用OFDM符号块，其中，每个所述OFDM符号块中包含一个或者多个OFDM符号；所述数据单元中的前导部分包括：用于指示所述数据字段中每个所述OFDM符号块中的OFDM符号的位移导频信息；
    根据所述位移导频信息更新与本站点对应的资源单元的信道信息。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的方法，其中，所述位移导频信息包括 以下至少之一：位移导频间隔，其中，所述位移导频间隔用于指示所述数据单元中的数据字段中相邻正交频分复用OFDM符号对应的导频子载波的间隔；位移导频循环周期，其中，所述位移导频循环周期用于指示所述数据字段中的导频子载波遍历完所有的数据子载波所经过的OFDM符号的数目；用于指示参与多用户传输的站点的位移导频处理模式。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的方法，其中，所述位移导频处理模式包括，多个站点中的每个站点对应的资源单元采用统一的位移导频处理方法，或者多个站点中的每个站点对应的资源单元采用独立的位移导频处理方法；其中，所述位移导频处理方法是站点根据位移导频更新信道信息。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的方法，其中，在所述多个站点中的每个站点对应的资源单元的数据子载波的数目与导频子载波的数目之比相同时，所述位移导频模式为所述多个站点中的每个站点对应的资源单元采用统一的位移导频处理方法；在所述多个站点中的每个站点对应的资源单元的数据子载波的数目与导频子载波的数目之比不相同时，所述位移导频模式为所述多个站点中的每个站点对应的每个资源单元采用独立的位移导频处理方法。
  13. 根据权利要求9所述的方法，其中，所述位移导频信息携带在所述前导部分的信令字段中。
  14. 根据权利要求9所述的方法，其中，根据所述位移导频信息更新与本站点对应的资源单元的信道信息包括：
    根据所述位移导频信息得到所述数据单元中数据字段中的OFDM符号的导频子载波的位置；
    根据处于所述位置的所述导频子载波更新所述信道信息。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的方法，其中，根据处于所述位置的所述导频子载波更新所述信道信息包括：
    通过所述数据单元中前导码中的训练数据得到与所述本站点对应的资源单元的初始信道估计；
    利用所述初始信道估计解析所述数据单元中数据字段中的第一个OFDM符号；
    以所述第一个OFDM符号作为更新所述初始信道信息的起点，执行以下处理过程，直到更新完所述初始信道估计为止：利用所述数据字段中的第N个OFDM符号的导频子载波估计信道信息，得到第一信道信息；将得到的所述第一信道信息替换所述初始信道估计中与所述第N个OFDM符号对应的信道信息，得到更新后的初始信道估计；其中，所述更新后的初始信道估计用于解析所述数据字段中的第N+1个OFDM符号；
    其中，1<N<T，N为整数，T为所述位移导频循环周期。
  16. 根据权利要求14所述的方法，其中，根据所述位移导频信息更新与本站点对应的资源单元的信道信息包括：
    通过所述数据单元中前导码中的训练数据得到所述本站点对应的资源单元的初始信道估计；
    利用所述初始信道估计解调所述数据单元中的数据字段的第1至M个OFDM符号；
    以所述数据字段中的M个OFDM符号为单位，以所述数据字段的第1至M个OFDM符号为起点，执行以下处理过程，直至更新完所述初始信道估计为止：
    利用M个OFDM符号的导频子载波分别估计信道信息，得到M个信道信息；
    将所述M个信道信息替换所述初始信道估计中与所述M个OFDM符号对应的信道信息，得到更新后的初始信道估计；其中，所述更新后的初始信道估计用于解调所述数据字段中的所述M个OFDM符号后的M个OFDM符号；
    其中，1<M<T，M为整数，T为所述位移导频循环周期。
  17. 根据权利要求9至16中任一项所述的方法，其中，通过以下至少之一方法接收所述数据单元：单流正交频分多址接入OFDMA方式、多流OFDMA方式、多输入多输出MIMO方式。
  18. 一种数据单元的发送装置，包括：
    生成模块，设置为生成数据单元，其中，所述数据单元中的数据字段包括一个或者多个正交频分复用OFDM符号块，其中，每个所述OFDM符号块中包含一个或者多个OFDM符号；所述数据单元中的前导部分包括：用于指示所述数据字段中每个所述OFDM符号块中的OFDM符号的位移导频信息；
    发送模块，设置为发送所述数据单元。
  19. 一种数据单元的处理装置，包括：
    接收模块，设置为接收发送站点发送的数据单元，其中，所述数据单元中的数据字段包括一个或者多个正交频分复用OFDM符号块，其中，每个所述OFDM符号块中包含一个或者多个OFDM符号；所述数据单元中的前导部分包括：用于指示所述数据字段中每个所述OFDM符号块中的OFDM符号的位移导频信息；
    更新模块，设置为根据所述位移导频信息更新与本站点对应的资源单元的信道信息。
  20. 一种站点，包括权利要求18所述的发送装置。
  21. 一种站点，包括权利要求19所述的处理装置。
  22. 一种存储介质，所述存储介质包括存储的程序，其中，所述程序运行时执行权利要求1至8中任一项所述的方法。
  23. 一种存储介质，所述存储介质包括存储的程序，其中，所述 程序运行时执行权利要求9至17中任一项所述的方法。
  24. 一种处理器，所述处理器用于运行程序，其中，所述程序运行时执行权利要求1至8中任一项所述的方法。
  25. 一种处理器，所述处理器用于运行程序，其中，所述程序运行时执行权利要求9至17中任一项所述的方法。
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