WO2017204552A1

WO2017204552A1 - Refrigerating device for a ship, having semi-flooded evaporator

Info

Publication number: WO2017204552A1
Application number: PCT/KR2017/005399
Authority: WO
Inventors: 윤정인; 손창효; 이정목
Original assignee: 부경대학교 산학협력단; (주)코리아씰테크
Priority date: 2016-05-27
Filing date: 2017-05-24
Publication date: 2017-11-30
Also published as: KR101810674B1; KR20170134900A

Abstract

The present invention relates to a refrigerating device for a ship. The refrigerating device for a ship has a shell comprising a refrigerant or cold water heat transfer pipe and a gas-liquid separator, and uses vapor in order to supply cold air to a ship or a cold storage unit provided to a ship. The refrigerating device for a ship comprises: a compressor which compresses low-temperature, low-pressure refrigerant vapor; a condenser which is connected to the compressor and condenses, using seawater as a coolant, the refrigerant vapor discharged from the compressor; a heat exchanger which exchanges liquid-gas or gas-gas by using a high-temperature, high-pressure refrigerant liquid or refrigerant vapor; an electronic expansion valve which is connected with the heat exchanger and controls so as to lower the temperature and pressure of the refrigerant liquid discharged from the heat exchanger; a semi-flooded evaporator which has the refrigerant liquid that has passed through the electronic expansion valve received inside the shell, and has cold water communicating inside the heat transfer pipe; and a controller which is connected to the compressor, the condenser, the heat exchanger, the electronic expansion valve and the semi-flooded evaporator so as to control the operations of the compressor, the condenser, the heat exchanger, the electronic expansion valve and the semi-flooded evaporator, wherein the heat exchanger is provided in one section inside the semi-flooded evaporator so as to be integrally formed with the semi-flooded evaporator.

Description

Ship refrigeration unit equipped with half-liquid evaporator

The present invention relates to a ship refrigeration apparatus, and more particularly, to a ship refrigeration apparatus equipped with a semi-liquid evaporator capable of performing a gas-liquid separator function.

In general, there is a disadvantage in that the need for a work man who has to put the ice by the manual work and the time delay of work when moving the catch worked on the fishing vessel to the carrier fishing port.

Accordingly, a seawater cooling system is installed in the ship itself to maintain the freshness of the catch by directly cooling the seawater stored in the fishery and to solve the problems caused by the use of land ice.

If the refrigerator is installed on the ship, the installation location is inside the engine room, and the engine room is equipped with the equipment necessary for the operation of the existing ship such as a main engine and a generator, which is highly restricted in space.

Therefore, the compactness of the marine refrigeration machine is of great technical importance, and in this respect, an evaporator capable of reducing size and high performance becomes an important technology.

The refrigeration plant for cold fishing of domestic fishing boats has not yet been localized, and in Japan, a developed fishing country, a half-liquid evaporator is sometimes used for compactization.

The half-liquid evaporator inner heat pipe is placed up to about two-thirds of the height of the evaporator shell and keeps the refrigerant liquid level slightly higher than the heat pipe, keeping the empty space for the gas-liquid separator so that no refrigerant droplets enter the compressor suction tube.

However, despite the empty space above the shell, the refrigerant is sucked into the compressor in the form of droplets, causing problems such as oil dilution and bearing wear.

In order to solve this problem, a refrigeration system in which a half-liquid evaporator is used will install a separate liquid-gas heat exchanger on top of the evaporator. However, liquid-gas heat exchangers are helpful for the stability of the system, but the disadvantage of having a space for installation is a big constraint for the ship's engine room.

Therefore, since the refrigeration system for ships or fishing vessels is considerably restricted to the installation space, a method of compacting the liquid-gas heat exchanger into the half-liquid evaporator shell to secure the same function is required.

Currently, offshore offshore fishing vessels manage the freshness of fish by lowering the temperature by mixing land ice with seawater to transport and store catches.

However, this approach increases the cost of ice when loading and leaving ice at an onshore ice plant, and fuel costs due to the load of the ice, and requires manual input of ice and salt when the catch is taken from the fishing vessel to the carrier. There is a disadvantage in that the necessity of the workforce and the delay of working time are caused.

Therefore, the seawater cooling system that installs the seawater cooling system for the fishery itself to maintain the freshness of the catch by directly cooling the seawater stored in the fishery, and solve the problems caused by the use of the onshore ice, As part of its development, localization has begun.

The present invention was created to improve the problems of the prior art as described above, the gas-liquid separator is half a half in order to prevent refrigerant droplets inside the half-liquid evaporator to enter the compressor suction pipe in the conventional refrigeration system using a half-liquid evaporator. An object of the present invention is to provide a refrigeration apparatus for ships having a semi-liquid evaporator separately installed on the liquid evaporator.

In addition, in the case of installing a half-liquid evaporator having a liquid-gas heat exchanger used in a sea water refrigeration system together with a gas-liquid separator on a ship, it can function as a liquid-gas heat exchanger inside the gas-liquid separator to solve the problem of space limitation. It is another object of the present invention to provide a ship refrigeration apparatus having a semi-liquid evaporator which is compacted as a problem of a ship freezer as a method for manufacturing a half-liquid evaporator.

In the ship refrigeration apparatus equipped with a half-liquid evaporator of the present invention for achieving the above object, the shell is composed of a refrigerant or cold water heat pipe and gas-liquid separator to supply cold air to the freezer warehouse provided in the vessel or vessel using steam. A refrigeration apparatus for ships, comprising: a compressor for compressing a low temperature low pressure refrigerant vapor; A condenser connected to the compressor and condensing refrigerant vapor discharged from the compressor using sea water as cooling water; A heat exchanger for exchanging liquid-gas or gas-gas by using a high-temperature high-pressure refrigerant liquid or refrigerant steam; An electronic expansion valve connected to the heat exchanger to control and lower the temperature and pressure of the refrigerant liquid discharged from the heat exchanger; A semi-liquid evaporator in which the refrigerant liquid passing through the electronic expansion valve is accommodated in the shell, and cold water is communicated in the heat transfer tube; And a controller connected to the compressor, the condenser, the heat exchanger, the electronic expansion valve, and the half-liquid evaporator to control the operation of the compressor, the condenser, the heat exchanger, the electronic expansion valve, and the half-liquid evaporator. The heat exchanger may be provided in a part of the half-liquid evaporator and may be integrated with the half-liquid evaporator.

In addition, the half-liquid evaporator may further include an eliminator installed on the upper end to remove excess water droplets remaining in the air to prevent wet compression.

In addition, it may further include an oil separator connected between the compressor and the condenser to form a hole in a part to lead to the outside air and separate the gas and oil to discharge the gas to the outside.

The apparatus may further include a distributor installed at a lower end of the half liquid evaporator to distribute the refrigerant having a lower temperature and pressure through the electronic expansion valve to the heat transfer tube in the half liquid evaporator.

In addition, the controller,

When the refrigerant evaporated in the half-liquid evaporator is overheated at a temperature higher than or equal to a predetermined temperature through the heat exchanger, access to the compressor of the heated refrigerant may be controlled.

In the ship refrigeration apparatus having a half-liquid evaporator of the present invention, by bringing the liquid-gas heat exchanger, which occupies about 60% of the height of the evaporator, into the evaporator, the problem of heat exchanger volume is solved even if the evaporator height is only about 4%. It can lead to compactization of the half-liquid evaporator.

Therefore, compactness and high efficiency are the most important requirements for ships, especially for ship carriers, where installation space is one of the most important factors. High efficiency is solved by half-liquid solution, and the compactness of the device is installed on the evaporator. By installing the gas heat exchanger in the gas-liquid separator space inside the evaporator, the gas-liquid separation as well as the superheat of the refrigerant gas going to the compressor can be increased, thereby achieving two important functions required in the ship's refrigerator.

1 is a plan view showing the structure of a conventional half-liquid evaporator and a heat exchanger.

Figure 2 is a side view showing the structure of a conventional half-liquid evaporator and heat exchanger.

Figure 3 is a plan view showing a system of a ship refrigeration apparatus equipped with a half-liquid evaporator according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 4 is a side view of the heat exchanger integrated half-liquid evaporator.

5 is a block diagram showing a control system of the controller.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION The following detailed description of the invention refers to the accompanying drawings that show, by way of illustration, specific embodiments in which the invention may be practiced. These embodiments are described in sufficient detail to enable those skilled in the art to practice the invention. It is to be understood that the various embodiments of the invention are different, but need not be mutually exclusive. For example, specific shapes, structures, and characteristics described herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention with respect to one embodiment. In addition, it is to be understood that the location or arrangement of individual components within each disclosed embodiment may be changed without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. The following detailed description, therefore, is not to be taken in a limiting sense, and the scope of the present invention is defined only by the appended claims, along with the full scope of equivalents to which such claims are entitled. Like reference numerals in the drawings refer to the same or similar functions throughout the several aspects.

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings so that those skilled in the art can easily implement the present invention.

1 is a plan view showing the structure of a conventional half-liquid evaporator and a heat exchanger, Figure 2 is a side view showing the structure of a conventional half-liquid evaporator and a heat exchanger, Figure 3 is a half-man according to an embodiment of the present invention 4 is a plan view showing a system of a ship refrigeration apparatus equipped with a liquid evaporator, Figure 4 is a side view of the heat exchanger integrated half-liquid evaporator, Figure 5 is a block diagram showing a control system of the controller.

As shown in Figure 3 to 5, the shell is composed of a refrigerant or cold water heat pipe and gas-liquid separator, in the ship refrigeration apparatus for supplying cold air to the refrigerated warehouse provided in the vessel or the vessel using steam, the present invention is a compressor 10, a condenser 12, a heat exchanger 8, an electronic expansion valve 16, a half-liquid evaporator 25, and a controller 17 may be included.

The compressor 10 may compress the refrigerant vapor 9 at low temperature and low pressure.

The condenser 12 may be connected to the compressor 10 to condense the refrigerant vapor 9 discharged from the compressor 10 using sea water as cooling water.

The heat exchanger 8 may exchange liquid-gas or gas-gas using the refrigerant liquid 30 or the refrigerant vapor 9 of high temperature and high pressure.

The heat exchanger 8 may be provided in a part of the half-liquid evaporator 25 to be integrated with the half-liquid evaporator 25.

The electronic expansion valve 16 is connected to the heat exchanger 8 can be lowered by controlling the temperature and pressure of the refrigerant liquid 7 discharged from the heat exchanger (8).

In the half-liquid evaporator 25, the refrigerant liquid 1 passing through the electronic expansion valve 16 may be accommodated in the shell, and cold water may communicate with the inside of the heat transfer pipe 23.

The semi-flooded type evaporator refers to an evaporator having a structure in which 50% of liquid and 50% of gas are present in the evaporator and the refrigerant is supplied from the bottom of the evaporator to the top.

The controller 17 is connected to the compressor 10, the condenser 12, the heat exchanger 8, the electronic expansion valve 16 and the half-liquid evaporator 25, the compressor 10, the condenser 12, the heat exchanger (8), the operation of the electronic expansion valve 16 and half-liquid evaporator 25 can be controlled.

The controller 17 may control access to the compressor 10 of the heated refrigerant when the refrigerant evaporated in the half-liquid evaporator 25 is overheated at a temperature higher than or equal to a predetermined temperature through the heat exchanger 8.

The half-liquid evaporator 25 of the present invention may further include an eliminator 6, an oil separator 11, and a distributor 2.

The eliminator 6 is installed at the upper end of the half-liquid evaporator 25 to remove excess water droplets remaining in the air to prevent wet compression.

The oil separator 11 is connected between the compressor 10 and the condenser 12 and forms a hole in a part to pass through the outside air and separates gas and oil to discharge the gas to the outside.

The distributor 2 is installed at the lower end of the half-liquid evaporator 25 and distributes the refrigerant having a lower temperature and pressure through the electronic expansion valve 16 to the

heat pipes

22 and 23 in the half-liquid evaporator 25. You can.

The ship refrigeration apparatus equipped with a half-liquid evaporator according to the present invention is installed in a ship refrigeration machine to produce cold water, and the high temperature and high pressure refrigerant liquid 1 from the condenser 12 is controlled by the controller 17. The liquid-gas heat exchanger enters the liquid-gas heat exchanger (8) located on the upper part of the half-liquid evaporator (25) to increase the superheat of the refrigerant gas entering the compressor (10) to protect the compressor (10) to stabilize the system. Can be.

At this time, the refrigerant liquid exiting the liquid-gas heat exchanger 8 is lowered in temperature and pressure in the electronic expansion valve 16 to enter the lower shell side of the evaporator 25.

The cold water recovered from the fishing vessel of the ship into the evaporator 25 of the present invention is introduced into heat exchange with the refrigerant inside the evaporator 25 is supplied back to the fishing vessel, such as cold water having a lower temperature.

* The heat exchanger (8) is arranged up to about 2/3 from the bottom of the evaporator, the outside of these tubes heat exchange with the refrigerant liquid 2/3 full in the shell, the inside of the tube is a cold water flow to exchange heat exchange The temperature becomes lower.

In the present invention, the refrigerant heat pipes 22 are made to be evenly distributed throughout the lower end 2/3 of the evaporator 25 cylinder, and an eliminator capable of removing droplets that have not evaporated to the upper end of the evaporator 25. (6) is installed.

A distributor 2 is installed at the lower end of the evaporator 25 to distribute the refrigerant having the temperature and pressure lowered through the electronic expansion valve 16 evenly to the

heat transfer tubes

22 and 23 in the evaporator 25.

High and

low level transmitters

18 and 19 are installed to maintain the liquid level of the refrigerant inside the evaporator 25, and a method such as superheat control by the electronic expansion valve 16 is used.

The refrigerant liquid from the condenser 12 to the electronic expansion valve 16 flows into the pipe of the liquid-gas heat exchanger 8 located in the gas-liquid separator 5 space at the upper end of the evaporator 25, and the evaporator outside the pipe. The refrigerant vapor 9 evaporated at 25 is heat-exchanged.

In this way, the refrigerant vapor 9 having a high temperature through heat exchange enters the compressor 10 in a slightly overheated state, thereby protecting the compressor 10 by preventing wet compression (in this case, the compressor may be damaged).

This minimizes the formation of droplets in the vapor sucked from the evaporator 25 to the compressor 10 so that a liquid-gas heat exchanger 8 which occupies a large volume is not required separately and the vessel use of the half-liquid evaporator 25 is further performed. It becomes easy.

The refrigerant vapor sucked into the compressor (10) is compressed to increase the temperature and pressure, and enters the condenser (12) through the oil separator (11). The refrigerant vapor entering the shell side of the condenser 12 is condensed by heat exchange of seawater, which is the cooling water 21 flowing into the

heat transfer tubes

22 and 23 of the condenser 12, to form a refrigerant liquid.

The refrigerant liquid liquefied in the condenser 12 enters the liquid-gas heat exchanger 8 of the evaporator 25 to increase the superheat degree of the refrigerant entering the compressor 10.

The liquid-gas heat exchanger 8 integrated half-liquid evaporator 25 of the present invention puts the liquid-gas heat exchanger 8 into the gas-liquid separator 5 space above the evaporator and serves as a liquid-gas heat exchanger at the same time as the gas-liquid separation function. You can also

In this case, the evaporator height is increased by about 4% by increasing the volume of the evaporator due to the liquid-gas heat exchanger.

In other words, when the conventional evaporator and the liquid-gas heat exchanger are separate, the required height space for the liquid-gas heat exchanger is about 60% of the height of the evaporator, so that only about 4% of the existing evaporator needs to be increased. Compactness is possible.

In addition, by installing the liquid-gas heat exchanger in the gas-liquid separation space, the same heat exchange area as the liquid-gas heat exchanger can be secured by a slight change in the diameter of the evaporator, so that the liquid-gas heat exchanger can be compactly adapted to the vessel.

In the above, the present invention has been described based on the preferred embodiments, but the technical idea of the present invention is not limited thereto, and modifications or changes can be made within the scope of the claims. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art, and such modifications and variations will belong to the appended claims.

The present invention can achieve both the compactness and high efficiency required in a ship freezer can be applied to the field of the refrigeration system for ships or fishing vessels can be used.

Claims

In the ship refrigeration apparatus for the shell is composed of a refrigerant or cold water heat pipe and gas-liquid separator and supplies the cold air to the vessel or the freezing warehouse provided on the vessel by using steam,

A compressor for compressing a low temperature low pressure refrigerant vapor;

A condenser connected to the compressor and condensing refrigerant vapor discharged from the compressor using sea water as cooling water;

A heat exchanger for exchanging liquid-gas or gas-gas by using a high-temperature high-pressure refrigerant liquid or refrigerant steam;

An electronic expansion valve connected to the heat exchanger to control and lower the temperature and pressure of the refrigerant liquid discharged from the heat exchanger;

A semi-liquid evaporator in which the refrigerant liquid passing through the electronic expansion valve is accommodated in the shell, and cold water is communicated in the heat transfer tube; And

And a controller connected to the compressor, the condenser, the heat exchanger, the electronic expansion valve, and the half-liquid evaporator to control the operation of the compressor, the condenser, the heat exchanger, the electronic expansion valve, and the half-liquid evaporator. and,

The heat exchanger,

The half-liquid evaporator is provided with a portion inside the half-liquid evaporator is provided with a half-liquid evaporator characterized in that the unit is formed with a half-liquid evaporator.
The method according to claim 1,

The half-liquid evaporator is installed in the upper end of the half-liquid evaporator is equipped with a half-liquid evaporator characterized in that it further comprises an eliminator for removing excess water remaining in the air to prevent the compression.
The method according to claim 1,

Is connected between the compressor and the condenser and forms a hole in a portion to pass through the outside air and separated by gas and oil further comprises an oil separator for discharging the gas to the outside vessel equipped with a half-liquid evaporator Device.
The method according to claim 1,

The half-liquid evaporator is installed in the lower end of the half-liquid evaporator for ships provided with a half-liquid evaporator further comprises a distributor for uniformly distributing the refrigerant having a low temperature and pressure through the electronic expansion valve in the heat transfer tube in the half-liquid evaporator Freezer.
The method according to claim 1,

The controller,

When the refrigerant evaporated in the half-liquid evaporator is overheated over the set temperature via the heat exchanger, the half-liquid evaporator equipped with a half-liquid evaporator, characterized in that for controlling the entry and exit to the compressor.