Classifications

• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
  • E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
  • E21D21/00—Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection
  • E21D21/0026—Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection characterised by constructional features of the bolts
  • E21D21/0073—Anchoring-bolts having an inflatable sleeve, e.g. hollow sleeve expanded by a fluid
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
  • E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
  • E21D21/00—Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
  • E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
  • E21D21/00—Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection
  • E21D21/0093—Accessories

Definitions

• This invention concerns design solution of an expandable rock bolt with an indicator of its clamping in the borehole which is designed not only for provision and reinforcement of consistency of the rock especially during driving of tunnels, mine corridors and chambers but also for stabilisation of rock walls, slopes and dikes or for formation of suspension reinforcement especially for tunnel and mine works with possible use in civil engineering.
• rock bolts or anchors For stabilisation and reinforcement of rock environment are used various types of rock bolts or anchors whose construction and material design differs in dependence on kind of rock.
• hydraulic expandable bolts which are procured with a tubular expansion tube which is procured on its both ends with end parts and whose surface is lengthwise in one or several lines deformed. These bolts are pushed into a beforehand drilled opening and subsequently is, into an expansion tube, forced a pressure medium whereby there comes to its expansion in the borehole, to formation of a frictional force of the tube of the bolt toward the wall of the borehole and thereby to its clamping.
• the expansion tube is on its both ends finished with fixed tubular end parts and it is enlaced with at least one lengthwise adjustable sleeve which is fixable in any position. Yet in this design there is not described pressure control in the bolt and also not detection of its expansion or its correct clamping in the rock.
• WO2004099570 is described a method for installation of expandable rock bolts by the help of pressurized of beforehand defined pressure by the help of a device with a control system which ensures keeping of the pressure for a certain time period and it is equipped with signalisation of efficiency of performed process or its failure. This design does enable pressure control in the bolt but there is not ensured detection of proper expansion and clamping in the borehole.
• the file W02009066246 solves detection of achievement of defined pressure in tubular expansion tube of expandable bolt with an indicator in its front end part which is after achievement of defined pressure pushed out from the end part which is visually noticed.
• This design indicates only pressure inside of the bolt but it does not enable indication of expansion of the bolt.
• the file ZA200506692 is described similar design of pressure indication in tubular expansion tube of expandable bolt as in above mentioned file WO2009066246. Likewise, in this case is not possible to detect expansion of the bolt and its perfect clamping in the borehole.
• the aim of presented invention is modification of expandable rock bolt design which ensures its perfect functionality and check of its anchorage with indication of perfect clamping in the borehole.
• invention is an expandable rock bolt which is formed with a tubular expansion body whose transversal cross section has a deformed shape which forms on the surface at least one lengthwise groove and whose ends are procured with caps with a filling component on its inlet side and an end component on its outlet side
• the bolt is procured with at least one indicator of clamping which is formed with a hollow tube which is made of an elastically compressible material and which is placed in the wall of the expansion body along which is the indicator taken out on the visible side for the staff whereas at least in part on the internal cavity of the tube of the indicator is placed indication medium.
• the indicator of clamping formed with a tube whose inner end is sealed with a stopper and in whose internal cavity is placed a tubular capsule which is made of easily destructible material and is on its both ends sealed with stanching sealing and it is filled with indication medium whereas in the end entry part of the internal cavity of the tube is fixed a porous element.
• the indicator of clamping is equipped with an extension tube which is in the tube fixed by the help of a bung and which is in its end part procured with the lens-end which is made of transparent material and which is fixed to the extension tube by the help of the fixator.
• the indication medium consists of coloured liquid medium or a single-base or multi-base chemical compound or gel or pasta or foam or powder.
• Fig. 1 is a view of in-rock clamped rock bolt after expansion of tubular body and after deformation of the indicator
• Fig. 2 is a longitudal section of the rock bolt from the fig. 1 which is inserted in the borehole and illustrated in the state before expansion of the tubular body,
• Fig. 3 is a longitudal section of basic design of the indicator of clamping
• Fig. 4 is a longitudal section of an alternative design of the indicator of clamping from the fig.3 which is formed without a lens-end
• Fig. 5 is a longitudal section of an alternative design of the indicator of clamping from the fig.3 which is modified for use of mastic as indication medium
• Fig. 6 is a longitudal section of an alternative design of the indicator of clamping which is equipped with an extension tube,
• Fig. 7 is a longitudal section of an alternative design of the indicator of clamping with use of indication medium in the form of polyurethane capsules,
• Fig. 8 is a longitudal section of lower part of the rock bolt with illustrated cross section of the expansion body with an alternative placement of the indicator of clamping and its side outlet through an inlet neck of the bolt,
• Fig. 9 is a longitudal section of lower part of the bolt with an alternative placement and side outlet of the indicator of clamping with the extension tube from fig.6,
• Fig. 10a) and fig.10b) are front and side views of the rock bolt with a thread extension which is placed deep in the borehole and which is procured with the indicator of clamping with the extension tube which is placed along the body of the bolt,
• Fig. 11 is a longitudal section of the rock bolt with inserted alternative design of the indicator of clamping with polyurethane capsules according to the fig.7,
• Fig. 12 to fig. 20 illustrate alternative cross sections of the expansion body of the rock bolt with illustration of possible placement of one or more indicators.
• the rock bolt according to the invention which is designed for clamping in the borehole 101 of a rock massif 1 is formed in its basic design according to the fig.1 with a expansion body 2 whose cross section has deformed shape, for instance C -profile, trefoil, quatrefoil, sixfoil, star with various number of tails, teardrop etc. as it is illustrated in fig. 12 to fig. 20 which forms on the surface at least one lengthwise groove 21.
• the expansion body 2 is on its both ends procured with firmly fixed, preferably welded, transitional annular end caps 3 which are formed in the shape of an annulus and are recessed with a non-illustrated inlet valve and an outlet valve of standard design.
• the caps 3 of the bolt are then equipped with other non-illustrated structural and technological elements which can be according to the type of the bolt a filling head or a drilling head and a drilling bit.
• a cover washer 4 which can be spherically shaped as it is obvious from fig. , fig. 2, and fig. 8, or it can be flat as it is illustrated in fig. 9.
• a clamping indicator 5 which is in its basic design which is illustrated in fig. 3 formed with a hollow tube 51 made of compressible material for example plastic, metal of non-metal foil, whose inner end 511 is firmly sealed, for example glued, with a stopper 52.
• a capsule 53 which is filled with unmarked indication medium which is made of easily destructible material preferably from glass and which is on its both ends sealed with stanching sealing 54.
• Position of the capsule 53 is in selected part of the internal cavity 512 kept with a rod spacer 55 which is inserted between a non-illustrated front part of the capsule 53 and a porous element 56 which is fixed, for example glued, in the end entry part of the internal cavity 512 of the tube 51 and it is formed from material which enables passage of indication medium.
• the entry part of the internal cavity 512 of the tube 51 is then procured with a lens-end 57 which is shaped preferably like a lens and is made of transparent material and is fixed to the tube 51 by the help of a fixator 58 which is formed for example from a shrink wrap.
• Whole indicator 5 is then embedded in a lengthwise groove 21 on the wall of the expansion body 2 where it is placed in the way that the end part of the tube 51 of the indicator 5 which is procured with the lens-end 57 stands-out out from the end cap 3 in the way that the lens-end 57 is visible.
• the indicator 5 When the rock bolt is used the indicator 5 is inserted into the lengthwise groove 21 on the wall of the expansion body 2 of the rock bolt in the way for the end part of its tube 51 to stand out from the lower end cap 3 and to be visible.
• the bolt After insertion into the borehole 101 is the bolt connected to a non-illustrated source of high pressure hydraulic medium which is led into the cavity of the expansion body 2 whereby this expansion body 2 starts to expand transversally and to fill cross section of the borehole 101 ⁇
• Due to expansion of the expansion body 2 is the tube 51 of the indicator 5 gradually deformed and consequently there comes to destruction of the capsule 53 from which starts to run out the indication medium which runs down through the internal cavity 512, leaks through the porous element 56 into the space of the lens-end 57 and whereby is transmitted information about filling-up of the borehole 101 with the expansion body 2 of the bolt and its perfect clamping in a rock massif 1.
• Described design of the bolt and the indicator 5 is not only possible design according to the invention, but as it is clear from fig. 4 entry part of the internal cavity 512 of the tube 51 does not have to be equipped with the lens-end 57, but it can be finished only with the porous element 56.
• an indication medium can be used any coloured liquid medium for example a spirit colour or a luminescent colour or the indicator 5 can be filled with suitable single-base or multi-base chemical compound, gel, pasta, foam or powder. In case of use of non-liquid indication medium this does not have to be inserted into the capsule 53, but certain part of the internal cavity 512 of the tube 51 of the indicator 5 which is separated by a partition 513 can be directly filled with it as is it evident form fig. 5.
• the expandable rock bolt according to the invention is designed not only for stabilisation and reinforcement of consistency of rock mass especially during boring of tunnels, mine corridors and chambers but also for stabilisation of rock walls, slopes and dykes in the form of grouting with expected use in mines for mining of coal or ores or for various applications in civil engineering.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
• Geology (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
• Structural Engineering (AREA)
• Consolidation Of Soil By Introduction Of Solidifying Substances Into Soil (AREA)
• Piles And Underground Anchors (AREA)
• Earth Drilling (AREA)
• Joining Of Building Structures In Genera (AREA)
• Road Signs Or Road Markings (AREA)
• Investigation Of Foundation Soil And Reinforcement Of Foundation Soil By Compacting Or Drainage (AREA)

Priority Applications (8)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=57249835

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (11)

Cited By (3)

Citations (10)

Family Cites Families (5)

• 2016
  • 2016-04-28 CZ CZ2016-244A patent/CZ306774B6/cs not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 2016-09-26 PE PE2018002053A patent/PE20181871A1/es unknown
  • 2016-09-26 EP EP16791668.3A patent/EP3449097A1/en not_active Withdrawn
  • 2016-09-26 BR BR112018015591-8A patent/BR112018015591B1/pt active IP Right Grant
  • 2016-09-26 AU AU2016404403A patent/AU2016404403A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2016-09-26 RU RU2018138940A patent/RU2703014C1/ru active
  • 2016-09-26 MX MX2018013018A patent/MX2018013018A/es unknown
  • 2016-09-26 CA CA3013035A patent/CA3013035C/en active Active
  • 2016-09-26 US US16/097,560 patent/US20190162068A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2016-09-26 WO PCT/IB2016/001480 patent/WO2017187219A1/en active Application Filing
• 2018
  • 2018-07-16 ZA ZA2018/04755A patent/ZA201804755B/en unknown

Patent Citations (10)

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