WO2017186072A1 - 显示装置及其控制方法 - Google Patents

显示装置及其控制方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017186072A1
WO2017186072A1 PCT/CN2017/081630 CN2017081630W WO2017186072A1 WO 2017186072 A1 WO2017186072 A1 WO 2017186072A1 CN 2017081630 W CN2017081630 W CN 2017081630W WO 2017186072 A1 WO2017186072 A1 WO 2017186072A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
spatial light
light modulator
display device
display unit
image
Prior art date
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PCT/CN2017/081630
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
谈顺毅
Original Assignee
江苏慧光电子科技有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 江苏慧光电子科技有限公司 filed Critical 江苏慧光电子科技有限公司
Priority to US16/095,646 priority Critical patent/US11333883B2/en
Priority to ES17788724T priority patent/ES2868974T3/es
Priority to EP17788724.7A priority patent/EP3432051B1/en
Publication of WO2017186072A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017186072A1/zh

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/01—Head-up displays
    • G02B27/0101—Head-up displays characterised by optical features
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B26/00—Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements
    • G02B26/06—Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements for controlling the phase of light
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/01—Head-up displays
    • G02B27/017—Head mounted
    • G02B27/0172—Head mounted characterised by optical features
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/01—Head-up displays
    • G02B27/0179—Display position adjusting means not related to the information to be displayed
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/09—Beam shaping, e.g. changing the cross-sectional area, not otherwise provided for
    • G02B27/0905—Dividing and/or superposing multiple light beams
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/01—Head-up displays
    • G02B27/017—Head mounted
    • G02B2027/0178—Eyeglass type
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/01—Head-up displays
    • G02B27/0179—Display position adjusting means not related to the information to be displayed
    • G02B2027/0185—Displaying image at variable distance

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a display device and a control method thereof, and more particularly to a display device capable of dynamically adjusting an imaging distance of an image and a control method thereof.
  • Smart glasses also known as smart glasses, refer to programs that are independent of the operating system, such as smart phones, that can be installed by software, games, and other software service providers. You can add schedules, map navigation, and A general term for such glasses that interact with friends, take photos and videos, and make video calls with friends, and can access wireless networks through mobile communication networks.
  • the invention provides a novel display device and a control method thereof, which can dynamically adjust the imaging distance of the displayed image, so that the user feels that there are images respectively at different spatial distances during viewing, resulting in a distinctive visual experience. .
  • a display device comprising:
  • a display unit configured to generate an image
  • a first spatial light modulator disposed at a front end of the display unit and coupled to the control circuit signal, the first spatial light modulator configured to change a modulation pattern or content according to an electronic signal generated by the control circuit to dynamically adjust The spatial imaging distance of the image.
  • the method further includes: a polarizing prism disposed at a front end of the first spatial light modulator,
  • one end of the polarizing prism receives a modulated image modulated by the first spatial light modulator, and the other end of the polarizing prism converts or filters ambient light into first linearly polarized light while the first linearly polarized light and the modulation The image is combined and projected to the user.
  • the first linearly polarized light and the modulated image have orthogonal polarization directions.
  • a polarizing plate disposed at a rear end of the display unit to convert or filter ambient light into first linearly polarized light
  • the display unit and the first spatial light modulator are transparent display units
  • the first linearly polarized light is combined with the modulated image and projected to the user.
  • the first linearly polarized light and the modulated image have orthogonal polarization directions.
  • the method further includes: a second spatial light modulator disposed at a rear end of the display unit,
  • the display unit and the first spatial light modulator are transparent display units
  • the second spatial light modulator compensates for ambient light to compensate for changes in the ambient light passing through the display unit of the front end and the first spatial light modulator, so that the ambient light is positive after passing through the display device
  • the two polarization directions of the intersection produce the same change in the light field.
  • the modulated image output by the first spatial light modulator and the modulated ambient light output by the second spatial light modulator have the same polarization direction.
  • the spatial light modulator further simulates the diopter of the glasses according to the diopter signal generated by the control circuit, and compensates for the astigmatism of the astigmatism wearer's eyes.
  • the display unit is an OLED screen, a transmissive LCoS or a combination of an LCD screen and a light guide plate or a combination of an LCoS, DMD or LCD with a light source and a combiner or an OLED screen and a combiner.
  • the combination is an OLED screen, a transmissive LCoS or a combination of an LCD screen and a light guide plate or a combination of an LCoS, DMD or LCD with a light source and a combiner or an OLED screen and a combiner.
  • the combiner is a BS, a PBS or a combination of a transparent light guide plate and a holographic film.
  • the first or second spatial light modulator is a liquid crystal panel or an LCoS spatial light modulator that does not change the polarization direction of the incident light.
  • the first or second spatial light modulator employs phase modulation.
  • the display device is wearable glasses.
  • a control method of a display device comprising: a control circuit, a display unit, and a spatial light modulator, the spatial light modulator being disposed at a front end of the display unit and with the control Circuit signal connection, the control method includes:
  • the display unit produces an image, wherein each frame in the image contains one or more sub-frames, each sub-frame The frame contains its own depth information;
  • the spatial light modulator sets the modulation parameter to a corresponding display distance according to the depth information of the sub-frame.
  • the modulated data on the spatial light modulator is generated in real time based on the depth information.
  • the modulation data on the spatial light modulator is pre-generated and stored in the control circuit, and the control circuit selects the output to the spatial light modulator in real time according to the depth information.
  • each of the sub-frames is further divided into a plurality of color sub-frames of two-color or multi-color, wherein the spatial light modulator displays images of different distances in a time division multiplexing manner in a color display manner.
  • the modulation data of each color or wavelength respectively corresponds to a modulation parameter (the same depth different wavelength modulation data changes correspondingly).
  • the display unit and the spatial light modulator have the same refresh rate, and the refresh rate is N*C times the frame rate of the input image of the display unit, where N is a depth subframe.
  • the number C is the number of color sub-frames, where N and C are both natural numbers, wherein the number of sub-frames per frame in the image is the N*C.
  • each subframe is further divided into a plurality of molecular frames, wherein the molecular frame modulates the image of the corresponding color to the same display distance, and the modulation data of each molecular frame is different.
  • the accumulation of errors in the molecular frame and the ideal modulated data is less than the error in the single frame modulated data and the ideal modulated data.
  • the refresh rate of the display unit and the spatial light modulator is different, and the refresh rate of the display unit is N*C times the frame rate of the input image of the display unit, where N is the depth.
  • the number of sub-frames, C is the number of color sub-frames
  • the refresh rate of the spatial light modulator is M*N*C times the frame rate of the input image of the display unit, wherein M, N, and C are both natural numbers, where the image
  • the number of subframes per frame is the N*C
  • the number of molecular frames is M*N*C.
  • Figure 1a shows a schematic view of a first embodiment of a display device in accordance with the present invention.
  • Figure 1b shows the display principle of the display device of Figure 1a.
  • Figures 1c and 1d show two variants of the first embodiment of the invention.
  • Fig. 2 shows a schematic view of a second embodiment of a display device according to the invention.
  • Fig. 3 shows a schematic view of a third embodiment of a display device according to the invention.
  • Fig. 4 shows a schematic view of a fourth embodiment of a display device in accordance with the present invention.
  • the display device 100 mainly includes a control circuit (not shown), a display unit 101, and a first spatial light modulator 102.
  • the display device 100 may be wearable glasses.
  • the display device 100 can be applied to both the left and right eyes at the same time, and a strong 3D experience can be formed by forming left and right eye parallax.
  • the display device 100 of the present invention can also use the sensor to determine the focal length of the viewer glasses, or other gestures, somatosensory signals, etc., and the feedback control system automatically adjusts the imaging distance by the synchronous spatial light modulator.
  • the display unit 101 is configured to generate an image.
  • the display unit 101 can use a micro display chip such as a DMD, an LCoS, an LCD chip plus a light source (LED or LD, etc.), or a device such as an OLED panel.
  • the display unit 101 can also be a combination of a transmissive LCoS or an LCD screen and a light guide plate, or a combination of an LCoS, DMD or LCD with a light source and a combiner, or an OLED screen combined with a combiner, wherein the combiner It can be a BS, PBS or a combination of a transparent light guide and a holographic film.
  • the first spatial light modulator 102 is disposed at a front end of the display unit 101 (ie, a front end of the optical path) and is associated with The control circuit is signaled.
  • the first spatial light modulator 102 is configured to change a modulation pattern or content based on an electronic signal generated by the control circuit to dynamically adjust a spatial imaging distance of the image.
  • the first spatial light modulator 102 can present the image at a distance from the viewer as desired.
  • the first spatial light modulator 102 can use a phase-type device (for example, a transmissive liquid crystal panel or a transmissive LCoS device that does not change the polarization direction and intensity of incident light using ECB, VA, etc.) by changing the first spatial light modulation.
  • the phase distribution on the device 102 (for example, the first spatial light modulator 102 adopts a phase modulation method to modulate the light wave range of 380-700 nm in the visible light band by more than 2 ⁇ ), which can make it become a similar piece of light that can be controlled in real time by an electrical signal.
  • a special lens of an attribute (such as a focal length) so that the image of the display unit 101 can be modulated into a virtual image at a different distance from the viewer.
  • the control circuit is responsible for transmitting the image signal to the display unit 101, controlling its display, transmitting the modulated signal to the first spatial light modulator 102, and synchronizing the first spatial light modulator 102 and the display unit 101.
  • control method of the display device of the present invention may include:
  • the image information is transmitted to the display unit 101, which produces an image, each frame in the image containing one or more sub-frames, each sub-frame containing respective depth information.
  • the first spatial light modulator 102 displays modulation parameters (eg, a phase distribution of a corresponding wavelength, which may be stored in the control unit in advance, and is selected in real time according to the depth information and the wavelength, according to the depth information of the subframe. Or can also be generated by the control unit in real time) set to the corresponding display distance.
  • modulation parameters eg, a phase distribution of a corresponding wavelength, which may be stored in the control unit in advance, and is selected in real time according to the depth information and the wavelength, according to the depth information of the subframe. Or can also be generated by the control unit in real time
  • the refresh rates of the display unit 101 and the first spatial light modulator 102 are preferably the same, and their refresh rate is N times the frame rate of the input image of the display unit 101, where N Is a natural number where the number of subframes per frame in the image is the N.
  • each of the sub-frames may be further divided into a plurality of color sub-frames of two-color or multi-color, wherein the first spatial light modulator displays images of different distances in a time division multiplexing manner of color display.
  • display device 100 further includes a polarizing prism 103 disposed at a front end of the first spatial light modulator 102.
  • the polarizing prism 103 is disposed in the light guiding device 108, such as a waveguide.
  • the polarizing prism 103 is for reflecting image light, transmitting external ambient light, and combining the two portions of light.
  • one end of the polarizing prism 103 receives a modulated image modulated by the first spatial light modulator 102, and the other end of the polarizing prism 103 converts or filters ambient light into first linearly polarized light while the first The linearly polarized light is combined with the modulated image and projected to the user, wherein the first linearly polarized light and the modulated image
  • the polarization directions are orthogonal.
  • the image light modulated by the spatial light modulator is linearly polarized light (for example, S light), propagates to the polarizing prism 103, and is reflected into the viewer's eye.
  • the external scene ambient light passes through the polarizing prism and merges with the image light.
  • the control circuit can utilize the visual residual effect of the human eye to cause the viewer to see virtual images of different depths in the same image by the fast sync display unit 101 and the first spatial light modulator 102.
  • FIG. 1b includes virtual objects A1, A2, B1, B2, B3, C, D1, D2, E, F, and G, where A1 and A2 are at the same depth, and B1, B2, and B3 are at the same depth, D1. D2 is at the same depth, and A, B, C, D, E, F, G are at different depths.
  • the refresh rate of the display unit 101 in the display device 100 is 360 Hz
  • the refresh rate of the spatial light modulator is also 360 Hz
  • the frame rate of the input video is 60 Hz
  • the input image of each frame includes 6 Sub-frames
  • each sub-frame of each frame image contains independent depth information.
  • the display layer displays objects A1, A2, and the control circuit synchronizes the modulation parameters on the first spatial light modulator 102 to The distance A is displayed so that the viewer sees the objects A1, A2 of depth A during this time period, and when the second sub-frame B is displayed, the display unit 101 displays the objects B1, B2, B3, the first spatial light modulation
  • the device 102 sets the modulation parameter to the display distance B.
  • the display unit 101 displays the object C, the first spatial light modulator 102 sets the modulation parameter to the display distance C, and so on, and displays an image of one frame.
  • the viewer can see images at six different distances. Due to the visual residual effect of the human eye, the viewer will see multiple images at different distances in the same frame.
  • each of the above-described distance sub-frames may be subdivided into two or more color sub-frames. Due to the different wavelengths of the respective colors, the spatial light modulator will modulate different color sub-frames in a specific time period according to different colors and parameters corresponding to different bands. Images of different distances are displayed in a time division multiplexing manner for realizing color display. For example, in FIG. 1b, the refresh rate of the display unit 101 is 1080 Hz, the refresh rate of the first spatial light modulator 102 is 1080 Hz, and the frame rate of the input video signal is 60 Hz, and each frame image can be different from the 6-frame distance information. The distance is composed of sub-frames.
  • each distance sub-frame can be further subdivided into color sub-frames of three primary colors of red, green and blue.
  • the display object B1 is red
  • B2 is green
  • B3 is blue
  • the corresponding distance sub-frame is set to the distance B.
  • the control circuit controls the first spatial light modulator 102 to synchronously display the corresponding red.
  • Modulation information for example, phase distribution
  • the distance B of the green-blue three-color wavelength for example, 450 nm, 520 nm, and 650 nm).
  • the display unit 101 displays the color gray scale of the image C as a red 14 and a green color sub-frame when corresponding to the red color sub-frame.
  • the color gray scale of the image C is displayed as red 91, and the color gray scale of the image C is displayed as red 255 in the blue color sub-frame, and the control circuit controls the first spatial light modulator 102 to synchronously display the three-color wavelength corresponding to the red, green and blue colors.
  • Distance C modulation information is an object C composed of gray scales (red 14, green 91, and blue 255.
  • each frame in the image frame may be first divided into color sub-frames, and the same color sub-frame is subdivided into sub-frames to realize display of color images at different distances.
  • the error between a single sub-frame and the ideal modulation improves image quality.
  • the refresh rate of the display unit 101 is 1080 Hz
  • the refresh rate of the first spatial light modulator 102 is 3240 Hz.
  • Each sub-frame is further divided into three molecular frames, each molecular frame will have the same wavelength.
  • the image is modulated to the same imaging distance, but the modulation data is different, and the errors are mutually compensated.
  • the error generated by the three molecular frames is less than the error when using a single sub-frame, which improves the imaging quality.
  • Figures 1c and 1d show two variants of the first embodiment described above.
  • the modification shown in FIG. 1c can use the mirror 104 to set the display unit 101 to the same side as the observer.
  • the modification shown in Fig. 1d can be constructed using the same device 105 (e.g., LCD screen or LCoS or DMD) to form the display unit 101 described above.
  • an illumination device 106 is added between the polarizing prism 103 and the device 105 (the polarization direction of the light emitted by the illumination device 106 when the device 105 is a DMD and the polarization direction of the external light after the polarized prism 103 are positive.
  • the prism 107 between the device 105 and the illumination device 106 may be TIR (Total Internal Reflection), which reflects the light emitted by 106 to the DMD (Digital Micro-mirror Device), generates an image by the DMD and reflects it again.
  • the prism 107 enters the light guiding device 108 to be
  • the polarizing prism 103 is reflected and combined with the external environment; when the device 105 is LCoS, the light emitted by the illumination device 106 is the same as the polarization of the external light after the polarizing prism 103, and between the device 105 and the illumination device 106.
  • the prism 107 is a polarizing prism PBS, which reflects the light to the LCoS 105.
  • the LCoS will generate an image-reflecting image light and rotate the polarization direction of the image light by 90° so as to be able to pass through the prism 107 and enter the light guiding device 108 to be polarized prism. 103 is reflected, combined with the external environment),
  • the spatial light modulator may also be combined with the display unit into the same device, and the image is formed by interference diffraction and the modulation information is added at the same time (for example, phase modulation is added to the image), thereby forming an image and also modulating the viewing.
  • the image is formed by interference diffraction and the modulation information is added at the same time (for example, phase modulation is added to the image), thereby forming an image and also modulating the viewing. The distance of the image that the person sees.
  • Fig. 2 shows a schematic view of a second embodiment of a display device according to the invention.
  • the display device 200 mainly includes a control circuit (not shown), a display unit 201, a first spatial light modulator 202, and a polarizing plate 203.
  • the display unit 201 and the first spatial light modulator 202 in this embodiment are substantially the same as the principle of the display unit 101 and the first spatial light modulator 102 in the first embodiment discussed above, and therefore will not be described again.
  • the main difference of the second embodiment is that the polarizing plate 203 is disposed at the rear end of the display unit 201 (ie, the rear end of the optical path) for converting or filtering the ambient light into the first Linearly polarized light (such as Pe light).
  • the display unit 201 and the first spatial light modulator 202 are transparent display units.
  • the display unit 201 can use a transparent OLED; and the first spatial light modulator 202 can use an LCD lens or a transmissive ECB mode LCoS (the liquid crystal molecules are not distorted, and do not change the polarization direction of the incident light).
  • the polarizing plate 203 is provided to filter polarized light in a specific direction.
  • the ambient light includes components Pe and Se in the P direction and the S direction in which the polarization directions are perpendicular to each other, and the light in the Se portion is filtered after passing through the polarizing plate 203, and only the light of the Pe is transmitted, and the image generated by the transparent display unit 201 is transmitted.
  • the light is the S-polarized light Si
  • the light transmitted to the first spatial light modulator 202 through the display unit 201 includes the ambient light Pe and the image light Si generated by the display unit 201, that is, the first linearly polarized light and the modulated image described above.
  • the polarization directions are orthogonal, and the two are combined and projected to the user.
  • the selected first spatial light modulator 202 can only modulate the light in the S direction, modulate the image light into Si', and does not generate phase modulation for the ambient light in the P direction, ie, P light transmission.
  • the first spatial light modulator 202 is only equivalent to transmitting a uniform thickness of uniform transparent medium (without lens-like effects), and finally the final effect seen by the viewer after the first spatial light modulator 202 is similar.
  • the external scene seen after a piece of transparent uniform glass and the superimposed distance can change the virtual image in real time.
  • Fig. 3 shows a schematic view of a third embodiment of a display device according to the invention.
  • the display device 300 mainly includes a control circuit (not shown), a display unit 301, a first spatial light modulator 302, and a second spatial light modulator 303.
  • the display unit 301 and/or the first spatial light modulator 302 in this embodiment are substantially the same as the principle of the display unit 101 and the first spatial light modulator 102 in the first embodiment discussed above, and therefore will not be described again.
  • a second spatial light modulation 303 is provided at the rear end of the display unit (i.e., the rear end of the optical path).
  • the display unit 301 and the first spatial light modulator 302 are transparent display units.
  • the display unit 301 can use a transparent OLED; and the first spatial light modulator 302 can use an LCD lens or a transmissive ECB mode LCoS (the liquid crystal molecules are not distorted, and do not change the polarization direction of the incident light).
  • the second spatial light modulator 303 compensates for ambient light to compensate for changes (eg, light field changes) that occur when the ambient light passes through the display unit 301 of the front end and the first spatial light modulator 302.
  • the ambient light changes the same in the two polarization directions orthogonal to each other after passing through the display device 300 (ie, the ambient light passes through the second spatial light modulator 303, the display unit 301, and the first space in the display device 300.
  • the light modulator 302 is the same as the light field generated by its propagation in free space; or the ambient light of the S polarization direction modulated by the spatial light modulator and the ambient light of the P direction modulated by the spatial light modulator the same.
  • the final effect seen by the viewer after the first spatial light modulator 302 is similar to a virtual image that directly views the external scene (or views the external scene through a flat transparent glass) and the superimposed distance can be changed in real time, and this way It has little effect on the brightness of ambient light and does not produce a sunglasses effect similar to a polarizer.
  • the modulated image output by the first spatial light modulator 302 and the modulated ambient light output by the second spatial light modulator 303 have the same polarization direction.
  • both the second spatial light modulator 303 and the first spatial light modulator 302 modulate only the S-direction polarized light, and the image light generated by the display unit 301 is Si in the S-polarized direction, modulated by the first spatial light modulator 302.
  • the viewer After generating Si', the viewer will see the real-time variable virtual image, and the ambient light Pe in the P direction will be transmitted through the spatial light modulator without being modulated by the spatial light modulator, and the ambient light Se in the S direction will be first
  • the spatial light modulator 2 is modulated into Se" and then modulated by the first spatial light modulator 302, and the ambient light Se" in the S direction is reduced to Se in the same phase as the Pe light.
  • the final effect seen by the viewer after the first spatial light modulator 302 is similar to the external scene seen behind a transparent uniform glass and the virtual image whose distance can be changed in real time.
  • a polarizing plate may be disposed between the display unit 301 and the second spatial light adjuster 303 for converting or filtering ambient light into linearly polarized light.
  • the first or second spatial light modulator 303 can further simulate the diopter of the glasses and correct the astigmatism according to the diopter signal generated by the control circuit to facilitate wearing by the nearsighted viewer.
  • FIG 4 there is shown a schematic view of a fourth embodiment.
  • the S-direction polarized image light Si generated by the display unit 401 is introduced into the waveguide medium 402, propagated through the total reflection within the waveguide medium 402, and is incident on the holographic film 405 at the other end of the waveguide medium 402. (Grating array) is emitted, wherein the holographic film 405 (grating array) combined with the waveguide medium 402 can realize a larger field of view and an eyebox, and convert the image emitted from the waveguide medium 402 and the holographic film 405 into According to the virtual image of the viewer at a certain distance (for example, infinity).
  • a certain distance for example, infinity
  • the spatial light modulator 403 modulates the image light Si emitted by 405 and modulates it in real time into a virtual image at a desired distance from the viewer.
  • the external ambient light first passes through the polarizing plate 404, and only the P-direction polarized light Pe passes through the polarizing plate 404, and the ambient light transmits through the waveguide medium 402 and the holographic film 403 similarly through a uniform transparent medium of equal thickness.
  • the modulation parameters/information (for example, phase distribution) on the spatial light modulator may be externally generated in advance (for example, previously generated by an external computer) and stored in the control unit, and controlled according to the depth information of the image and the corresponding wavelength.
  • the unit selects the display in real time; or it may be generated and displayed in real time by the control unit according to the depth information of the image and the corresponding wavelength.
  • the polarizing plate or the second spatial light modulator may be replaced with an opaque material to prevent ambient light from entering, thereby changing the display system into a pattern imaging distance that is variable in real time.
  • Virtual reality (VR) display device may be replaced with an opaque material to prevent ambient light from entering, thereby changing the display system into a pattern imaging distance that is variable in real time.
  • Virtual reality (VR) display device may be replaced with an opaque material to prevent ambient light from entering, thereby changing the display system into a pattern imaging distance that is variable in real time.
  • VR Virtual reality

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Abstract

一种显示装置(100)及其控制方法，显示装置(100)包括：控制电路；显示单元(101)，被配置成产生图像；第一空间光调制器(102)，设置于显示单元(101)的前端并与控制电路信号连接，第一空间光调制器(102)被配置成根据控制电路所产生的电子信号改变调制样式或内容，以动态调节图像的空间成像距离。

Description

显示装置及其控制方法 技术领域
本发明涉及一种显示装置及其控制方法，尤其涉及一种可以动态调节图像的成像距离的显示装置及其控制方法。
背景技术
随着显示技术的发展，已开发出了智能眼镜这样的设备。智能眼镜，也称智能镜，是指像智能手机一样，具有独立的操作系统，可以由用户安装软件、游戏等软件服务商提供的程序，可通过语音或动作操控完成添加日程、地图导航、与好友互动、拍摄照片和视频、与朋友展开视频通话等功能，并可以通过移动通讯网络来实现无线网络接入的这样一类眼镜的总称。
针对智能眼镜之类的新产品，需要开发更具创新意义的显示技术。
发明内容
本发明提出了一种新颖的显示装置及其控制方法，其可以动态调节所显示图像的成像距离，以使用户在观看时感觉在不同的空间距离上分别存在图像，产生与众不同的视觉体验。
根据本发明的一个方面，提供了一种显示装置，包括：
控制电路；
显示单元，被配置成产生图像；
第一空间光调制器，设置于该显示单元的前端并与该控制电路信号连接，该第一空间光调制器被配置成根据该控制电路所产生的电子信号改变调制样式或内容，以动态调节该图像的空间成像距离。
较佳地，在上述的显示装置中，进一步包括：设置于该第一空间光调制器的前端的偏振棱镜，
其中，该偏振棱镜的一端接收经该第一空间光调制器调制的调制图像，该偏振棱镜的另一端将环境光转换或过滤为第一线偏振光同时将该第一线偏振光与该调制图像组合后投射至用户，
其中，该第一线偏振光和该调制图像的偏振方向正交。
较佳地，在上述的显示装置中，进一步包括：设置于该显示单元的后端的偏振片，以将环境光转换或过滤为第一线偏振光；
其中，该显示单元和第一空间光调制器为透明显示单元；
其中，该第一线偏振光与该调制图像组合后投射至用户，
其中，该第一线偏振光和该调制图像的偏振方向正交。
较佳地，在上述的显示装置中，进一步包括：设置于该显示单元的后端的第二空间光调制器，
其中，该显示单元和第一空间光调制器为透明显示单元；
其中，该第二空间光调制器对环境光进行补偿，以补偿该环境光经过前端的显示单元和第一空间光调制器时发生的变化，以使该环境光在经过该显示装置后相互正交的两个偏振方向所产生的光场变化相同。
较佳地，在上述的显示装置中，该第一空间光调制器输出的调制图像和该第二空间光调制器输出的调制环境光的偏振方向相同。
较佳地，在上述的显示装置中，该空间光调制器根据该控制电路所产生的屈光度信号进一步模拟眼镜的屈光度，并补偿有散光佩戴者眼睛的散光。
较佳地，在上述的显示装置中，该显示单元是OLED屏、透射式LCoS或LCD屏同导光板的组合或者LCoS、DMD或LCD同光源及合路器的组合或者OLED屏同合路器的组合。
较佳地，在上述的显示装置中，该合路器是BS、PBS或者透明导光板和全息膜组合。
较佳地，在上述的显示装置中，该第一或第二空间光调制器是不改变入射光的偏振方向的液晶屏或LCoS空间光调制器。
较佳地，在上述的显示装置中，该第一或第二空间光调制器采用相位调制。
较佳地，在上述的显示装置中，该显示装置是穿戴式眼镜。
根据本发明的另一方面，提供了一种显示装置的控制方法，该显示装置包括：控制电路、显示单元和空间光调制器，该空间光调制器设置于该显示单元的前端并与该控制电路信号连接，该控制方法包括：
该显示单元产生图像，其中该图像中的每一帧包含一个或多个子帧，每一子 帧包含各自的深度信息；
在显示每一子帧时，该空间光调制器根据该子帧的深度信息将调制参数设置为对应的显示距离。
较佳地，在上述的控制方法中，空间光调制器上的调制数据根据深度信息实时生成。
较佳地，在上述的控制方法中，空间光调制器上的调制数据预先生成并存储在控制电路中，由控制电路根据深度信息实时选取输出至空间光调制器。
较佳地，在上述的控制方法中，将所述每一子帧进一步分成由双色或多色的若干颜色子帧，其中该空间光调制器以彩色显示的时分复用方式显示不同距离的图像，其中每种颜色或波长的调制数据分别对应该调制参数(同一深度不同波长调制数据相应改变)。
较佳地，在上述的控制方法中，该显示单元和该空间光调制器的刷新率相同，该刷新率是该显示单元的输入图像的帧率的N*C倍，其中N是深度子帧数、C是颜色子帧数，其中N和C均是自然数，其中该图像中的每一帧的子帧数量为该N*C。
较佳地，在上述的控制方法中，将该每一子帧进一步分成若干分子帧，其中该分子帧将对应颜色的图像调制到相同的显示距离，每一分子帧的调制数据不同，该若干分子帧与理想调制数据的误差的累加小于单帧调制数据与理想调制数据的误差。
较佳地，在上述的控制方法中，该显示单元和该空间光调制器的刷新率不同，显示单元的刷新率是该显示单元的输入图像的帧率的N*C倍，其中N是深度子帧数、C是颜色子帧数，空间光调制器的刷新率是该显示单元的输入图像的帧率的M*N*C倍，其中M、N和C均是自然数，其中该图像中的每一帧的子帧数量为该N*C，分子帧数量为M*N*C。
应当理解，本发明以上的一般性描述和以下的详细描述都是示例性和说明性的，并且旨在为如权利要求所述的本发明提供进一步的解释。
附图说明
包括附图是为提供对本发明进一步的理解，它们被收录并构成本申请的一部分，附图示出了本发明的实施例，并与本说明书一起起到解释本发明原理的作用。 附图中：
图1a示出了根据本发明的显示装置的第一实施例的示意图。
图1b示出了图1a的显示装置的显示原理。
图1c和图1d示出了本发明的第一实施例的两个变型例。
图2示出了根据本发明的显示装置的第二实施例的示意图。
图3示出了根据本发明的显示装置的第三实施例的示意图。
图4示出了根据本发明的显示装置的第四实施例的示意图。
具体实施方式
现在将详细参考附图描述本发明的实施例。在将详细参考本发明的优选实施例，其示例在附图中示出。在任何可能的情况下，在所有附图中将使用相同的标记来表示相同或相似的部分。此外，尽管本发明中所使用的术语是从公知公用的术语中选择的，但是本发明说明书中所提及的一些术语可能是申请人按他或她的判断来选择的，其详细含义在本文的描述的相关部分中说明。此外，要求不仅仅通过所使用的实际术语，而是还要通过每个术语所蕴含的意义来理解本发明。
首先结合图1a和图1b来说明本发明的基本原理及其一个优选实施例。
如图1a和图1b所示，显示装置100主要包括：控制电路(未图示)、显示单元101和第一空间光调制器102。具体的，该显示装置100可以是穿戴式眼镜。此外，显示装置100可以同时应用于左右双眼，通过形成左右眼视差，可以形成更强的3D体验。此外，本发明的显示装置100还可以利用传感器判别观看者眼镜焦距、或其它手势、体感信号等，反馈控制系统，同步空间光调制器自动调节成像距离。
显示单元101被配置成产生图像。例如，该显示单元101可使用微显示芯片，例如DMD、LCoS、LCD芯片加光源(LED或LD等)、或者OLED屏等器件。此外，该显示单元101还可以是透射式LCoS或LCD屏同导光板的组合，或者LCoS、DMD或LCD同光源及合路器的组合，或者OLED屏同合路器组合，其中的合路器可以是BS、PBS或者透明导光板和全息膜组合。
第一空间光调制器102设置于该显示单元101的前端(即光路的前端)并与 该控制电路信号连接。该第一空间光调制器102被配置成根据该控制电路所产生的电子信号改变调制样式或内容，以动态调节该图像的空间成像距离。这样，第一空间光调制器102就可以根据需求使图像呈现在观看者远处一定距离。
该第一空间光调制器102可使用相位型器件(例如不改变入射光的偏振方向与强度使用ECB、VA等模式的透射式液晶屏或透射式LCoS等器件)，通过改变第一空间光调制器102上的相位分布(例如，该第一空间光调制器102采用相位调制方式对可见光波段380-700nm的光波调制范围大于2π)，可以使其成为类似于一块可通过电信号控制实时改变光学属性(例如焦距)的特殊透镜，从而可以将显示单元101的图像调制成离观看者不同距离的虚像。
控制电路负责将图像信号传输至显示单元101，控制其显示，将调制信号传输至第一空间光调制器102，并同步第一空间光调制器102和显示单元101。
基于上述结构，本发明的显示装置的控制方法可以包括：
图像信息传输至显示单元101，该显示单元101产生图像，图像中的每一帧包含一个或多个子帧，每一子帧包含各自的深度信息。
在显示每一子帧时，该第一空间光调制器102根据该子帧的深度信息将调制参数(例如对应波长的相位分布，其可事先存储在控制单元中，根据深度信息及波长实时选择，或者也可由控制单元实时生成)设置为对应的显示距离。
如以下将举例说明的，该显示单元101和该第一空间光调制器102的刷新率优选是相同的，且它们的刷新率是该显示单元101的输入图像的帧率的N倍，其中N是自然数，其中该图像中的每一帧的子帧数量为该N。此外，还可以将该每一子帧进一步分成由双色或多色的若干颜色子帧，其中该第一空间光调制器以彩色显示的时分复用方式显示不同距离的图像。
较佳地，在图1a和图1b所示的优选实施例中，显示装置100进一步包括设置于该第一空间光调制器102的前端的偏振棱镜103。该偏振棱镜103设置于导光器件108，例如波导内。该偏振棱镜103用于反射图像光、透射外部环境光，并将两部分光合路。
如图所示，该偏振棱镜103的一端接收经该第一空间光调制器102调制的调制图像，该偏振棱镜103的另一端将环境光转换或过滤为第一线偏振光同时将该第一线偏振光与该调制图像组合后投射至用户，其中该第一线偏振光和该调制图像的 偏振方向正交。
此外，在第一空间光调制器102前后还可增加其它光学原件(例如扩散膜，透镜等)用以改变图像参数(例如视场角等)。经空间光调制器调制后的图像光为线偏振光(例如S光)，传播至偏振棱镜103后反射进入观看者眼中。而外部的景物环境光线透过偏振棱镜后与图像光合为一路。观看者透过该显示装置100观看时可以实现虚拟的图像叠合在外部景物上的效果，且虚拟图像和观看者的距离可以通过空间光调制器任意调整。
现在转到图1b，来进一步讨论本发明的原理。
控制电路可以利用人眼的视觉残留效应，通过快速同步显示单元101与第一空间光调制器102使观看者在同一图像中看到不同深度的虚拟图像。例如，图1b中包含虚拟物体A1、A2、B1、B2、B3、C、D1、D2、E、F、G，其中A1、A2、在同一深度，B1、B2、B3在同一深度，D1、D2在同一深度，A、B、C、D、E、F、G之间处于不同深度。
作为一种实施方式，该显示装置100中显示单元101的刷新帧率为360Hz，空间光调制器的刷新率也同样为360Hz，输入视频的帧率为60Hz，输入的每1帧图像中包含6个子帧，每一帧图像的每一子帧都包含独立的深度信息，在子帧1时显示层显示物体A1、A2，同时控制电路同步将第一空间光调制器102上的调制参数设置为显示距离A，从而使观看者在这一时间段上看到深度为A的物体A1、A2，当显示第二个子帧B时，显示单元101显示物体B1、B2、B3，第一空间光调制器102将调制参数设置为显示距离B，显示第三个子帧时显示单元101显示物体C，第一空间光调制器102将调制参数设置为显示距离C，依次类推，则在显示一帧图像的1/60秒内，观看者一共可以看到位于6种不同距离的图像，由于人眼的视觉残留效应，观看者会认为在同一帧图片内看到了多个位于不同距离的图像。
作为另一实施方式，由于大多空间光调制器和波长相关，可将上述每一距离子帧再细分成由双色或多色的颜色子帧组成。由于各颜色波长不同，空间光调制器将根据不同颜色分别用对应不同波段的参数在一个特定时间段内调制不同颜色子帧。以实现彩色显示的时分复用方式显示不同距离的图像。例如，图1b中，显示单元101的刷新率为1080Hz，第一空间光调制器102的刷新率为1080Hz，输入视频信号帧率为60Hz，则每一帧图像可由6帧距离信息各不相同的距离子帧组成， 且每一距离子帧中再可细分成由红绿蓝三原色的颜色子帧组成。显示物体B1为红色、B2为绿色、B3为蓝色时，相应距离子帧设置为距离B、在对应的颜色子帧显示时，控制电路分别控制第一空间光调制器102同步显示对应于红绿蓝三色波长(例如450nm、520nm、650nm)的距离B的调制信息(例如相位分布)。而显示颜色由灰阶(红14，绿91，蓝255)组成的物体C时、显示单元101在对应红颜色子帧时将图像C的颜色灰阶显示为红14、绿颜色子帧时将图像C的颜色灰阶显示为红91，蓝颜色子帧时将图像C的颜色灰阶显示为红255，控制电路分别控制第一空间光调制器102同步显示对应于红绿蓝三色波长的距离C的调制信息。
类似的，也可以先将图像帧中的每一帧先分为颜色子帧，同一颜色子帧中再细分为距离子帧的方式来实现不同距离彩色图像的显示。
此外，现实中空间光调制器由于硬件原因往往存在误差(无法达到理想透镜般的调制效果)，可以通过将每帧子帧进一步分为若干分子帧，每帧子帧的分子帧将对应的子帧或颜色子帧图像调制到同一深度，但每个分子帧的调制数据不同，每帧分子帧与理想调制数据间的误差也不同，由于视觉残留效应，人眼看到的最终图像将是这些快速迭代的分子帧关于时间的积分(累加)，通过设置每一分子帧的数据，可以使每一分子帧的产生的相对于理想调制的误差相互补偿，从而使其与理想调制的总误差小于使用单个子帧时与理想调制之间的误差，从而提高成像质量。例如在上述实例中，显示单元101的刷新率为1080Hz，第一空间光调制器102的刷新率为3240Hz，原述每一子帧进一步分为3帧分子帧，每一分子帧将相同波长的图像调制到相同的成像距离，但调制数据不同，其误差相互补偿，3个分子帧产生的误差关于时间累加后将小于使用单个子帧时的误差，从而提高成像质量。
图1c和图1d的示出了上述第一实施例的两个变型例。其中，图1c所示的变型例可以利用反射镜104使得显示单元101设置成与观察者同一侧。图1d所示的变型例可以用同一器件105(例如LCD屏或LCoS或DMD)来构成上述的显示单元101。在该实施例中，在偏振棱镜103与此器件105之间增加一照明装置106(当器件105为DMD时照明装置106发出的光线的偏振方向与经偏振棱镜103后的外部光线的偏振方向正交，而在器件105与照明装置106之间的棱镜107可以为TIR(Total Internal Reflection)，其将106发出的光线反射至DMD(Digital Micro-mirror Device)，由DMD生成图像并再次反射后透过棱镜107进入导光器件108从而被 偏振棱镜103被反射，与外部环境光合路；当器件105为LCoS时，照明装置106发出的光线与经偏振棱镜103后的外部光线的偏振方向相同，而在器件105与照明装置106之间的棱镜107为偏振棱镜PBS，其将该光线反射至LCoS 105,LCoS将生成图像反射图像光线并将图像光线的偏振方向旋转90°，从而能够透过棱镜107后进入导光器件108从而被偏振棱镜103被反射，与外部环境光合路)，
上述变形例中，空间光调制器也可与显示单元合并为同一器件，，通过干涉衍射的方式形成图像并同时加入调制信息(例如在图像上加入相位调制)，从而形成图像的同时也调制观看者所看到的图像的距离。
图2示出了根据本发明的显示装置的第二实施例的示意图。在该实施例中，显示装置200主要包括：控制电路(未图示)、显示单元201、第一空间光调制器202和偏振片203。该实施例中的显示单元201和第一空间光调制器202同以上讨论的第一实施例中的显示单元101和第一空间光调制器102的原理基本相同，因此不再赘述。
与第一实施例相比，该第二实施例的主要区别在于：设置于该显示单元201的后端(即光路的后端)的偏振片203，用以将环境光转换或过滤为第一线偏振光(例如Pe光)。此外，在该第二实施例中，该显示单元201和第一空间光调制器202为透明显示单元。例如，显示单元201可以使用透明OLED；且第一空间光调制器202可以使用LCD透镜或透射式ECB模式LCoS(液晶分子不扭曲，不改变入射光的偏振方向)。
设置偏振片203可以过滤特定方向的偏振光。例如，环境光包含偏振方向相互垂直的P方向和S方向的分量Pe和Se，经过偏振片203后Se部分的光被过滤，只剩下Pe的光能够透过，透明显示单元201产生的图像光为S方向偏振光Si，透过显示单元201传播至第一空间光调制器202的光线包括环境光Pe及显示单元201产生的图像光Si，即上述的第一线偏振光和调制图像的偏振方向正交，且这两者组合后投射至用户。在该实施例中，选用的第一空间光调制器202只能对S方向的光产生调制，将图像光调制成Si'，而对于P方向的环境光不产生相位调制，即P光透过第一空间光调制器202只是等效于透过一片等厚的均匀透明介质(不会产生类似透镜的影响)，最后观看者在第一空间光调制器202后看到的最终效果是类似在一块透明均匀玻璃后看到的外部景物以及叠加的距离可实时变化的虚拟图像。
图3示出了根据本发明的显示装置的第三实施例的示意图。在该实施例中，显示装置300主要包括：控制电路(未图示)、显示单元301、第一空间光调制器302和第二空间光调制器303。该实施例中的显示单元301和/或第一空间光调制器302同以上讨论的第一实施例中的显示单元101和第一空间光调制器102的原理基本相同，因此不再赘述。
与第一实施例相比，该第三实施例的主要区别在于：设置于该显示单元的后端(即光路的后端)的第二空间光调制303器。此外，在该第二实施例中，该显示单元301和第一空间光调制器302为透明显示单元。例如，显示单元301可以使用透明OLED；且第一空间光调制器302可以使用LCD透镜或透射式ECB模式LCoS(液晶分子不扭曲，不改变入射光的偏振方向)。
特别是，该第二空间光调制器303对环境光进行补偿，以补偿该环境光经过前端的显示单元301和第一空间光调制器302时发生的变化(例如光场变化)，以使该环境光在经过该显示装置300后相互正交的两个偏振方向所产生的光场变化相同(即，环境光在显示装置300中经过第二空间光调制器303、显示单元301、第一空间光调制器302后与其在自由空间中传播产生的光场相同)；或经空间光调制器调制的S偏振方向的环境光与未被空间光调制器调制的P方向的环境光所发生的变化相同。最后观看者在第一空间光调制器302后看到的最终效果是类似直接观看外部景物(或者透过一平面透明玻璃观看外部景物)以及叠加的距离可实时变化的虚拟图像，且这一方式对环境光的亮度影响很小，不会产生类似偏振片的墨镜效果。
此外，在该实施例中，该第一空间光调制器302输出的调制图像和该第二空间光调制器303输出的调制环境光的偏振方向相同。例如，第二空间光调制器303和第一空间光调制器302都只对S方向偏振光产生调制，显示单元301产生的图像光为S偏振方向的Si，被第一空间光调制器302调制后产生Si'，观看者将会看到距离实时可变的虚像，而P方向的环境光Pe会透射过空间光调制器而不被空间光调制器调制，S方向的环境光Se会先被空间光调制器2调制成Se"，然后再经第一空间光调制器302调制，S方向的环境光Se"会被还原成与Pe光相同相位的Se。最后，观看者在第一空间光调制器302后看到的最终效果是类似在一块透明均匀玻璃后看到的外部景物以及距离可实时变化的虚拟图像。
此外，较佳地，还可以在该显示单元301和该第二空间光调节器303之间设置偏振片，用以将环境光转换或过滤为线偏振光。
或者，作为另一优选实施例，该第一或第二空间光调制器303还可以根据该控制电路所产生的屈光度信号进一步模拟眼镜的屈光度和校正散光等，以方便近视观看者佩戴。
转到图4，该图示出了第四实施例的示意图。在该第四实施例中，显示单元401产生的S方向偏振图像光Si被导入波导介质402，在波导介质402内经过数次全反射传播，并在波导介质402的另一端入射到全息膜405(光栅阵列)上出射，其中全息膜405(光栅阵列)结合波导介质402的方案可以实现较大的视场及出瞳(eyebox)，并将从波导介质402及全息膜405出射的图像转换为据观看者一定距离处(例如无穷远)的虚像。空间光调制器403调制由405出射的图像光Si，将其实时调制成距离观看者所需距离的虚像。外部的环境光首先经过偏振片404，只有P方向偏振光线Pe透过偏振片404，环境光透过波导介质402及全息膜403类似透过一块等厚的均匀透明介质。
本发明中，空间光调制器上的调制参数/信息(例如相位分布)可以是预先在外部生成(例如用外部计算机事先生成)并存储在控制单元中，根据图像的深度信息、对应波长由控制单元实时选取显示；或者也可以是由控制单元根据图像的深度信息、对应波长实时生成并显示。
此外，在上述实施例中，还可以将偏振片或第二空间光调制器替换为不透光的材料，阻止环境光进入，从而将所述显示系统变为一种图案成像距离实时可变的虚拟现实(VR)显示设备。
本领域技术人员可显见，可对本发明的上述示例性实施例进行各种修改和变型而不偏离本发明的精神和范围。因此，旨在使本发明覆盖落在所附权利要求书及其等效技术方案范围内的对本发明的修改和变型。

Claims (19)

  1. 一种显示装置，其特征在于，包括：
    控制电路；
    显示单元，被配置成产生图像；
    第一空间光调制器，设置于所述显示单元的前端并与所述控制电路信号连接，所述第一空间光调制器被配置成根据所述控制电路所产生的电子信号改变调制样式或内容，以动态调节所述图像的空间成像距离。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的显示装置，其特征在于，进一步包括：设置于所述第一空间光调制器的前端的偏振棱镜，
    其中，所述偏振棱镜的一端接收经所述第一空间光调制器调制的调制图像，所述偏振棱镜的另一端将环境光转换或过滤为第一线偏振光同时将所述第一线偏振光与所述调制图像组合后投射至用户，
    其中，所述第一线偏振光和所述调制图像的偏振方向正交。
  3. 如权利要求1所述的显示装置，其特征在于，进一步包括：设置于所述显示单元的后端的偏振片，以将环境光转换或过滤为第一线偏振光；
    其中，所述第一空间光调制器为透明显示单元；
    其中，所述第一线偏振光与所述调制图像组合后投射至用户，
    其中，所述第一线偏振光和所述调制图像的偏振方向正交。
  4. 如权利要求1所述的显示装置，其特征在于，进一步包括：设置于所述显示单元的后端的第二空间光调制器，
    其中，所述显示单元和第一空间光调制器为透明显示单元；
    其中，所述第二空间光调制器对环境光进行补偿，以补偿所述环境光经过前端的显示单元和第一空间光调制器时发生的变化，以使所述环境光在经过所述显示装置后相互正交的两个偏振方向所产生的光场变化相同。
  5. 如权利要求4所述的显示装置，其特征在于，所述第一空间光调制器输出的调制图像和所述第二空间光调制器输出的调制环境光的偏振方向相同。
  6. 如权利要求5所述的显示装置，其特征在于，进一步包括：设置于所述显示单元和所述第二空间光调节器之间的偏振片，用以将环境光转换或过滤为线偏振光。
  7. 如权利要求1或4所述的显示装置，其特征在于，所述第一和/或第二空间光调制器根据所述控制电路所产生的屈光度信号进一步模拟眼镜的屈光度以及校正散光。
  8. 如权利要求1所述的显示装置，其特征在于，所述显示单元是OLED屏、透射式LCoS或LCD屏同导光板的组合或者LCoS、DMD或LCD同光源及合路器的组合或者OLED屏同合路器的组合。
  9. 如权利要求8所述的显示装置，其特征在于，所述合路器是BS、PBS或者透明导光板和全息膜组合。
  10. 如权利要求1或4所述的显示装置，其特征在于，所述第一和/或第二空间光调制器是不改变入射光的偏振方向的液晶屏或LCoS空间光调制器。
  11. 如权利要求1或4所述的显示装置，其特征在于，所述第一和/或第二空间光调制器采用相位调制。
  12. 如权利要求1所述的显示装置，其特征在于，所述显示装置是穿戴式眼镜。
  13. 一种显示装置的控制方法，其特征在于，所述显示装置包括：控制电路、显示单元和空间光调制器，所述空间光调制器设置于所述显示单元的前端并与所述控制电路信号连接，所述控制方法包括：
    所述显示单元产生图像，其中所述图像中的每一帧包含一个或多个子帧，每一子帧包含各自的深度信息；
    在显示每一子帧时，所述空间光调制器根据该子帧的深度信息将调制参数设置为对应的显示距离。
  14. 如权利要求13所述的显示装置的控制方法，其特征在于，空间光调制器上的调制数据根据深度信息实时生成。
  15. 如权利要求13所述的显示装置的控制方法，其特征在于，空间光调制器上的调制数据预先生成并存储在控制电路中，由控制电路根据深度信息实时选取输出至空间光调制器。
  16. 如权利要求13所述的显示装置的控制方法，其特征在于，将所述每一子帧进一步分成双色或多色的若干颜色子帧，其中所述空间光调制器以彩色显示的时分复用方式显示不同距离的图像，其中每种颜色或波长的调制数据对应所述调制参数。
  17. 如权利要求13所述的显示装置的控制方法，其特征在于，所述显示单元和所述空间光调制器的刷新率相同，所述刷新率是所述显示单元的输入图像的帧率的N*C倍，其中C是颜色子帧数，其中N和C均是自然数，其中所述图像中的每一帧的子帧数量为所述N*C。
  18. 如权利要求13所述的显示装置的控制方法，其特征在于，将所述每一子帧进一步分成若干分子帧，其中所述分子帧将对应颜色的图像调制到相同的显示距离，每一分子帧的调制数据不同，所述若干分子帧与理想调制数据的误差的累加小于单帧调制数据与理想调制数据的误差。
  19. 如权利要求13所述的显示装置的控制方法，其特征在于，所述显示单元和所述空间光调制器的刷新率不同，显示单元的刷新率是所述显示单元的输入图像 的帧率的N*C倍，其中C是颜色子帧数，空间光调制器的刷新率是所述显示单元的输入图像的帧率的M*N*C倍，其中M、N和C均是自然数，其中所述图像中的每一帧的子帧数量为所述N*C，分子帧数量为M*N*C。
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