WO2017178687A1 - Device for the detection and interception of unmanned aerial vehicles (drones) - Google Patents

Device for the detection and interception of unmanned aerial vehicles (drones) Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017178687A1
WO2017178687A1 PCT/ES2017/070235 ES2017070235W WO2017178687A1 WO 2017178687 A1 WO2017178687 A1 WO 2017178687A1 ES 2017070235 W ES2017070235 W ES 2017070235W WO 2017178687 A1 WO2017178687 A1 WO 2017178687A1
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Prior art keywords
circuit
drone
battery
interception
drones
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PCT/ES2017/070235
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Spanish (es)
French (fr)
Inventor
Jose Miguel CAÑETE AGUADO
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Cañete Aguado Jose Miguel
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Publication of WO2017178687A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017178687A1/en

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41H—ARMOUR; ARMOURED TURRETS; ARMOURED OR ARMED VEHICLES; MEANS OF ATTACK OR DEFENCE, e.g. CAMOUFLAGE, IN GENERAL
    • F41H11/00—Defence installations; Defence devices
    • F41H11/02—Anti-aircraft or anti-guided missile or anti-torpedo defence installations or systems
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41H—ARMOUR; ARMOURED TURRETS; ARMOURED OR ARMED VEHICLES; MEANS OF ATTACK OR DEFENCE, e.g. CAMOUFLAGE, IN GENERAL
    • F41H13/00—Means of attack or defence not otherwise provided for
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S19/00—Satellite radio beacon positioning systems; Determining position, velocity or attitude using signals transmitted by such systems
    • G01S19/01—Satellite radio beacon positioning systems transmitting time-stamped messages, e.g. GPS [Global Positioning System], GLONASS [Global Orbiting Navigation Satellite System] or GALILEO
    • G01S19/13—Receivers
    • G01S19/14—Receivers specially adapted for specific applications
    • G01S19/15—Aircraft landing systems
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05D—SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
    • G05D1/00—Control of position, course, altitude or attitude of land, water, air or space vehicles, e.g. using automatic pilots
    • G05D1/12—Target-seeking control

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a base station and an autonomous unmanned aircraft that perform the detection and interception of unmanned ships in restricted airspaces.
  • Unmanned drones or aircraft have long been known and have become very popular. Its technical characteristics allow obtaining images of private places, being impossible to avoid.
  • the invention consists of two modules, one oriented to the automatic detection of drones and the other intended to intercept the drone itself.
  • the identification module consists of a base station where there are various detection methods.
  • the first would be a passive radar and the second an optical identification module, although other types of sensors can be used, such as for example the identification of the sound caused by a drone.
  • the advantage of having a passive radar allows, in addition to lowering the cost, is that it is not detected by any radar detection device.
  • the passive radar module consists of at least two antennas connected to an electronics that is capable of determining the distance of a moving flying object. Collecting the radio echoes caused by the collision of the waves emitted by a transmitter, using certain algorithms, analyzing the waves, this calculation can be performed. Being a passive radar, this transmitter can be from a mobile phone station, a television channel, a radio channel, etc.
  • the optical identification allows, using several cameras facing the perimeter to be protected, to identify the presence of unwanted drones by visual recognition software.
  • both elements allows more reliable identification. Although it is not necessary to have both modules, one or the other is enough. It can also be complemented with an audio analysis by the noise emitted by a drone. Using different devices, connected to each other via WiFi, 3G / 4G or any method of data connection, it would be possible to triangulate the exact position of the intruder drone. Knowing therefore distance, height and position.
  • the drone is also loaded and maintained on said platform.
  • the charging module consists of terminals connected to the legs of the drone and other terminals in the base station.
  • the drone would land at the base station by visual recognition of a figure that would allow coupling with the base station. To do this, the drone would have a mini camera or an infrared sensor. Once the device is in contact the drone activating a relay autonomously, disconnecting the flight electronics and that would allow the battery to auto-charge.
  • the station once detected that the battery is charged, would indicate it to the on-board computer of the drone and proceed to reactivate the flight modules or remain awaiting the appearance of an intruder.
  • the on-board computer would have a mini-battery that could be charged wirelessly.
  • the interception drone is characterized by being an autonomous unmanned aircraft but receiving information from the base station module (as long as it is not in the interception process). Its autonomy lies in various sensors that allow its orientation and control. As well as a computer that carries on board, which interprets this information and makes decisions regarding navigation.
  • the advantage of a multirotor (with three, four, six, eight engines ... and with various configurations such as T, X, + 7) is that it does not require much space for takeoff and landing operations, although the module can embark on other aircraft.
  • the sensors on board can be grouped into two: those intended for navigation and those intended for interception.
  • the recognition sensors allow to obtain an image recognition and information about the distance that the object is located (so economical with two cameras, or laser mesh sensor, with higher cost).
  • the actuators are a low power interference emitter to intercept the signals, whether radio, WiFi, Bluetooth or GPS of the intruder drone and a relay module that displays a network or mesh capable of capturing the intruder drone.
  • the drone through the navigation software embedded in the on-board computer, thanks to the information provided by the base stations as well as the interception sensors, through interception path algorithms can reach the intruder drone. And being at close range, the computer can activate a radio interception module or jamming, by the usual bands used by radio control devices (for example 2.4GHz, 5GHz, 3G signal, Wifi, Bluetooth ...) . This would allow the intruder drone to be knocked down if it is radio-controlled.
  • radio control devices for example 2.4GHz, 5GHz, 3G signal, Wifi, Bluetooth
  • the drone can carry a load, in the case where the drone to be intercepted is not governed by radio signals, it is equipped with a net or wires of light material (weighted at its ends, which can be deployed when the on-board computer determine, by changing the polarity of an electromagnet, being the objective that is entangled with the propellers of the drone to be intercepted, in order to be able to tear it down.
  • the drone incorporates a receiver through which, through a commercial transmitter, it is possible take control because in certain cases it may be interesting to correct your trajectory or maneuvers.
  • a first battery is responsible for feeding the entire flight module including engines.
  • a second battery that makes the on-board computer independent. So, the computer calculates the battery available to fly and the one needed to return to the charging point. Thus the drone could return to the charging station, auto-recharge and be available for another mission.
  • the on-board computer was connected to the flight battery and another in which it was not.
  • the battery of the on-board computer would be independent of that of the flight module.
  • the on-board computer battery would be charged wirelessly using a Qi module, already existing in the market. This charging module has the advantage of having no contact, so it facilitates the coupling and governance of the device in the recharging maneuvers.
  • the advantages with this device are clear. It is not necessary to have any person watching whether there are drones flying over or not.
  • the device as designed is a cheap alternative to radio interception from the ground. It also does not cause interference in the surrounding areas, since it is applied at a short distance from the drone to be intercepted. And of course, avoid damage to animals used to intercept, since high speed drone propellers can cause cuts and serious injuries.
  • Figure 1 Shows a diagram of the modules or components of the base station. Where there is the detection module (optical and radar) others may exist.
  • the process module where there is a computer that has GPS, 3G / 4G and Wifi for intercommunication with the rest of the stations and with the interception drones. Integrated or separate, you can have a charging module for intercept drones.
  • Figure 2. Shows a diagram of a drone interceptor module. A quadcopter configuration has been represented in +, but any drone configuration, such as octacopter or quadcopter in X, would be worth it.
  • Figure 3. Shows a summary diagram about the drone modules. Basically, it has a target tracking module through various sensors such as optical media, laser mesh ... An interception module, which can be through interference and / or folding mesh. The navigation control module. The flight stabilization module. And finally, the load power module. PREFERRED EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION
  • modules and parts that already exist in the market may be available. Allowing for it to achieve a low cost, a good margin and an adjusted price.
  • the base station For the construction of the base station, you can count on the following elements. As optical detection elements, high-definition cameras can be used, arranged in such a way that 360 ° and the entire airspace are covered. To build the radar detector, it is enough with two or three antennas, connected to an electronics that allow to make the appropriate filters and give the information to the computer. For the computer, there are many modules that can use necessary processing, and peripherals for GPS, 3G / 4G and WiFi communication. The charging module can be built using battery chargers (physical and wireless) already existing in the market, connected to an electronics that allow the computer to control the charging cycles.
  • Drones can be manufactured with existing parts at any model aircraft supplier.
  • Control electronics are incorporated that are capable of simulating the signals of a radio control command (replacing a receiver of a control station). That electronics would be connected to the on-board computer, which is the one that makes the decisions regarding the maneuvers to be performed.
  • This computer has software algorithms implemented, which thanks to the recognition of images and other sensors, are able to locate a target and follow it. In addition, it is able to communicate with the base stations by means of a secure protocol, by means of standard communication modules.
  • the interference generation module is nothing more than an electronics that generates waves at various frequencies to which the drone control modules on the market emit.
  • a network made of lightweight but resistant materials can be deployed. The network would be deployed by the effect of an electromagnet, which when activated a relay, would cause its deployment.
  • the modules can be purchased from electronics, communications and aeromodelling providers. Once developed Control softwares and parts can be manufactured in series. Therefore, the work of this company would be to assemble, install and maintain the aforementioned device. For these services, the company could charge financial compensation.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Control Of Position, Course, Altitude, Or Attitude Of Moving Bodies (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a device for the detection and interdiction of drones, all in a single system. The invention comprises a passive surveillance and detection radar, a communication and synchronisation system, a system for charging the interdiction drones, one or more autonomous-flight unmanned aerial vehicles used to intercept the target using tracking sensors, navigation and communication systems, an on-board system for activating radio interference in the systems used to navigate or control the intruder vehicle, and, if this method fails, the intruder vehicle is intercepted using physical means with the launching of a net.

Description

D E S C R I P C I Ó N  D E S C R I P C I Ó N
DISPOSITIVO DE DETECCIÓN E INTERCEPCIÓN DE AERONAVES NOAIRCRAFT DETECTION AND INTERCEPTION DEVICE NO
TRIPULADAS (DRONES) CREWED (DRONES)
SECTOR DE LA TÉCNICA SECTOR OF THE TECHNIQUE
La invención se refiere a una estación base y a una aeronave no tripulada autónoma que realizan la detección y la intercepción de naves no tripuladas en espacios aéreos restringidos. The invention relates to a base station and an autonomous unmanned aircraft that perform the detection and interception of unmanned ships in restricted airspaces.
ANTECEDENTES DE LA INVENCIÓN Los drones o aeronaves no tripuladas son conocidos desde hace tiempo y se han hecho muy populares. Sus características técnicas permiten la obtención de imágenes de lugares privados, siendo imposible poder evitarlo. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Unmanned drones or aircraft have long been known and have become very popular. Its technical characteristics allow obtaining images of private places, being impossible to avoid.
En el mercado existen soluciones comerciales que permiten fijar una ruta al drone y que éste esquive Ciertos Objetos ( http://www.dji.com/es/product/phantom-4 ). In the market there are commercial solutions that allow you to set a route to the drone and that it dodges Certain Objects (http://www.dji.com/es/product/phantom-4).
Hay dispositivos de intercepción en el mercado que, mediante un interceptor de radio desde tierra, interceptan las señales de radio que controlan al drone. Pero requieren de una gran potencia, son caros y no son siempre efectivos, puesto que el drone puede tener una ruta programada y no estar siendo controlado por radio. There are interception devices on the market that, by means of a radio interceptor from the ground, intercept the radio signals that control the drone. But they require great power, they are expensive and not always effective, since the drone can have a programmed route and not be controlled by radio.
También encontramos aves de presa entrenadas para la intercepción, con el correspondiente peligro para el animal ( https://www.youtube.com/watch ?v=Vd00zh4NGcc ), puesto que un drone tiene unas hélices capaces de provocar graves lesiones, dado que rotan a bastante velocidad. We also find birds of prey trained for interception, with the corresponding danger to the animal (https://www.youtube.com/watch? V = Vd00zh4NGcc), since a drone has propellers capable of causing serious injuries, since they rotate at quite a speed
Además, todos estos dispositivos requieren de una identificación (o vigilancia) por parte de personas. Es decir, requieran de la intervención de un técnico o de una persona tanto para la identificación del intruso como para el proceso de intercepción. EXPLICACIÓN DE LA INVENCIÓN In addition, all these devices require identification (or surveillance) by people. That is, they require the intervention of a technician or a person both for the identification of the intruder and for the interception process. EXPLANATION OF THE INVENTION
La invención se compone de dos módulos uno orientado a la detección automática de los drones y otra destinada a la intercepción del propio drone. The invention consists of two modules, one oriented to the automatic detection of drones and the other intended to intercept the drone itself.
El módulo de identificación se compone de una estación base donde existen diversos métodos de detección. El primero sería un radar pasivo y el segundo un módulo de identificación óptica, aunque se pueden utilizar otro tipo de sensores, como por ejemplo por identificación del sonido que provoca un drone. The identification module consists of a base station where there are various detection methods. The first would be a passive radar and the second an optical identification module, although other types of sensors can be used, such as for example the identification of the sound caused by a drone.
La ventaja de disponer de un radar pasivo permite, además de abaratar el coste, es que no sea detectado por ningún dispositivo de detección de radares. El módulo de radar pasivo se compone, como mínimo, de dos antenas conectadas a una electrónica que es capaz de determinar la distancia de un objeto volador en movimiento. Recogiendo los ecos de radio provocados al chocar las ondas emitidas por un emisor, mediante ciertos algoritmos, analizando las ondas, se puede realizar este cálculo. Al tratarse de un radar pasivo, este emisor puede ser desde una estación de telefonía móvil, un canal de televisión, un canal de radio, etc. The advantage of having a passive radar allows, in addition to lowering the cost, is that it is not detected by any radar detection device. The passive radar module consists of at least two antennas connected to an electronics that is capable of determining the distance of a moving flying object. Collecting the radio echoes caused by the collision of the waves emitted by a transmitter, using certain algorithms, analyzing the waves, this calculation can be performed. Being a passive radar, this transmitter can be from a mobile phone station, a television channel, a radio channel, etc.
La identificación óptica permite, utilizando varias cámaras orientadas hacia el perímetro a proteger, identificar mediante software de reconocimiento visual la presencia drones no deseados. The optical identification allows, using several cameras facing the perimeter to be protected, to identify the presence of unwanted drones by visual recognition software.
La combinación de ambos elementos, permiten identificación más fiable. Aunque no es necesario disponer de ambos módulos, con uno u otro es suficiente. Además se puede complementar con un análisis de audio por el ruido que emite un drone. Utilizando distintos dispositivos, conectados entre sí mediante WiFi, 3G/4G o cualquier método de conexión de datos, se permitiría triangular la posición exacta del drone intruso. Sabiendo por tanto distancia, altura y posición. The combination of both elements allows more reliable identification. Although it is not necessary to have both modules, one or the other is enough. It can also be complemented with an audio analysis by the noise emitted by a drone. Using different devices, connected to each other via WiFi, 3G / 4G or any method of data connection, it would be possible to triangulate the exact position of the intruder drone. Knowing therefore distance, height and position.
Ligado a la estación base, ya sea bien como parte de ellas o como un módulo externo, existen unas plataformas donde habría un drone, que vamos a denominar de intercepción. Linked to the base station, either as part of them or as an external module, there are platforms where there would be a drone, which we will call interception
En dicha plataforma se realiza también la carga y mantenimiento del drone. El módulo de carga se compone de unos terminales conectados a las patas del drone y de otros terminales en la estación base. El drone aterrizaría en la estación base mediante el reconocimiento visual de una figura que permitiría el acople con la estación base. Para ello, el drone dispondría de una minicamara o un sensor de infrarrojos. Una vez que el dispositivo está en contacto el drone activando un relé de forma autónoma, desconectando la electrónica de vuelo y que permitiría la auto-carga de la batería. La estación, una vez detectada que la batería está cargada, se lo indicaría al ordenador de a bordo del drone y procedería a reactivar los módulos de vuelo o permanecería a la espera de la aparición de un intruso. El ordenador de a bordo dispondría de una mini-batería que se podría cargar de forma inalámbrica. El drone de intercepción se caracteriza por ser una aeronave no tripulada autónoma pero que recibe información del módulo de estación base (siempre que no esté en proceso de intercepción). Su autonomía radica en diversos sensores que permiten su orientación y control. Así como un ordenador que lleva a bordo, que interpreta esta información y toma las decisiones en cuanto a la navegación. La ventaja de un multirotor (con tres, cuatro, seis, ocho motores... y con diversas configuraciones como en T, X, +...) es que no precisa de mucho espacio para las operaciones de despegue y aterrizaje, aunque el módulo puede embarcarse en otras aeronaves. The drone is also loaded and maintained on said platform. The charging module consists of terminals connected to the legs of the drone and other terminals in the base station. The drone would land at the base station by visual recognition of a figure that would allow coupling with the base station. To do this, the drone would have a mini camera or an infrared sensor. Once the device is in contact the drone activating a relay autonomously, disconnecting the flight electronics and that would allow the battery to auto-charge. The station, once detected that the battery is charged, would indicate it to the on-board computer of the drone and proceed to reactivate the flight modules or remain awaiting the appearance of an intruder. The on-board computer would have a mini-battery that could be charged wirelessly. The interception drone is characterized by being an autonomous unmanned aircraft but receiving information from the base station module (as long as it is not in the interception process). Its autonomy lies in various sensors that allow its orientation and control. As well as a computer that carries on board, which interprets this information and makes decisions regarding navigation. The advantage of a multirotor (with three, four, six, eight engines ... and with various configurations such as T, X, + ...) is that it does not require much space for takeoff and landing operations, although the module can embark on other aircraft.
Los sensores embarcados los podemos agrupar en dos: los destinados a la navegación y los destinados a la intercepción. The sensors on board can be grouped into two: those intended for navigation and those intended for interception.
Los destinados a la navegación son: sensores de ultrasonido, GPS, altímetro/barómetro y brújula digital. Lo cual permite con la electrónica existente hoy en día mantener la posición de un multirotor y tener información para poder gobernarlo ante obstáculos. Those intended for navigation are: ultrasound sensors, GPS, altimeter / barometer and digital compass. Which allows with the existing electronics nowadays to maintain the position of a multirotor and have information to be able to govern it before obstacles.
Los destinados a la intercepción, además de la información que le envían al drone la estación base, son fundamentalmente dos: sensores de reconocimiento y actuadores de intercepción. Los sensores de reconocimiento permiten obtener un reconocimiento de imagen e información sobre la distancia la que se encuentra el objeto (de forma económica con dos cámaras, o sensor malla láser, con coste superior). Los actuadores son un emisor de interferencias de baja potencia para interceptar las señales, ya sean de radio, WiFi, Bluetooth o GPS del drone intruso y un módulo con relé que despliegue una red o malla capaz de capturar el drone intruso. Those intended for interception, in addition to the information sent to the drone by the base station, are fundamentally two: recognition sensors and interception actuators. The recognition sensors allow to obtain an image recognition and information about the distance that the object is located (so economical with two cameras, or laser mesh sensor, with higher cost). The actuators are a low power interference emitter to intercept the signals, whether radio, WiFi, Bluetooth or GPS of the intruder drone and a relay module that displays a network or mesh capable of capturing the intruder drone.
El drone mediante el software de navegación embebido en el ordenador de a bordo, gracias a la información que le proporcionan las estaciones base así como los sensores de intercepción, mediante algoritmos de trayectoria de intercepción puede alcanzar al drone intruso. Y al estar a corta distancia, el ordenador puede activar un módulo de intercepción de radio o jamming, por las bandas habituales que utilizan los dispositivos de radio control (por ejemplo 2,4GHz,5GHz, señal 3G, Wifi, Bluetooth...). Lo cual permitiría derribar al drone intruso en caso de ser radio-controlado. The drone through the navigation software embedded in the on-board computer, thanks to the information provided by the base stations as well as the interception sensors, through interception path algorithms can reach the intruder drone. And being at close range, the computer can activate a radio interception module or jamming, by the usual bands used by radio control devices (for example 2.4GHz, 5GHz, 3G signal, Wifi, Bluetooth ...) . This would allow the intruder drone to be knocked down if it is radio-controlled.
Como el drone puede llevar carga, para el caso en el que el drone a interceptar no esté gobernado por señales de radio, se equipa con una red o hilos de material ligero (lastrado en sus extremos, que puede desplegar cuando el ordenador de abordo lo determine, mediante el cambio de polaridad de un electroimán. Siendo el objetivo que se enrede con las hélices del drone a interceptar, para poder derribarlo. Como medida de seguridad, el drone incorpora un receptor por el cual, mediante una emisora comercial, se puede tomar su control dado que en ciertos casos puede ser interesante corregir su trayectoria o sus maniobras. As the drone can carry a load, in the case where the drone to be intercepted is not governed by radio signals, it is equipped with a net or wires of light material (weighted at its ends, which can be deployed when the on-board computer determine, by changing the polarity of an electromagnet, being the objective that is entangled with the propellers of the drone to be intercepted, in order to be able to tear it down.As a safety measure, the drone incorporates a receiver through which, through a commercial transmitter, it is possible take control because in certain cases it may be interesting to correct your trajectory or maneuvers.
Igualmente dispone de dos sensores de carga de batería para las dos baterías que alimentan al drone. Una primera batería está encargada de alimentar a todo el módulo de vuelo incluidos motores. Una segunda batería que independiza el ordenador de a bordo. De tal forma que, el ordenador calcula la batería disponible para volar y la necesaria para volver al punto de carga. Así el drone podría volver a la estación de carga, auto-recargarse y estar disponible para otra misión. It also has two battery charge sensors for the two batteries that power the drone. A first battery is responsible for feeding the entire flight module including engines. A second battery that makes the on-board computer independent. So, the computer calculates the battery available to fly and the one needed to return to the charging point. Thus the drone could return to the charging station, auto-recharge and be available for another mission.
Podrían existir dos variantes: una en que el ordenador de a bordo estuviera conectado a la batería de vuelo y otra en la que no. La batería del ordenador de a bordo, se encontraría independizada de la del módulo de vuelo. En la estación base, la batería del ordenador de a bordo, se cargaría de forma inalámbrica mediante un módulo Qi, ya existente en el mercado. Este módulo de carga tiene la ventaja de no tener contacto, por lo que facilita el acople y gobierno del aparato en las maniobras de recarga. There could be two variants: one in which the on-board computer was connected to the flight battery and another in which it was not. The battery of the on-board computer would be independent of that of the flight module. At the base station, the on-board computer battery would be charged wirelessly using a Qi module, already existing in the market. This charging module has the advantage of having no contact, so it facilitates the coupling and governance of the device in the recharging maneuvers.
Las ventajas con este dispositivo son claras. No es necesario tener a ninguna persona vigilando si existen drones sobrevolando o no. El dispositivo conforme está diseñado, es una alternativa barata a la de intercepción por radio desde tierra. Igualmente no provoca interferencias en las zonas circundantes, puesto que se aplica a una distancia corta del drone a interceptar. Y por supuesto, evita el daño animales usados para interceptar, ya que las hélices de los drones alta velocidad pueden provocar cortes y graves lesiones. The advantages with this device are clear. It is not necessary to have any person watching whether there are drones flying over or not. The device as designed is a cheap alternative to radio interception from the ground. It also does not cause interference in the surrounding areas, since it is applied at a short distance from the drone to be intercepted. And of course, avoid damage to animals used to intercept, since high speed drone propellers can cause cuts and serious injuries.
BREVE DESCRIPCIÓN DE LOS DIBUJOS BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
Para complementar la descripción que se está realizando y con objeto de ayudar a una mejor comprensión de las características de la invención, se acompaña como parte integrante de dicha descripción, un juego de dibujos en donde con carácter ilustrativo y no limitativo, se ha representado lo siguiente: To complement the description that is being made and in order to help a better understanding of the characteristics of the invention, a set of drawings is attached as an integral part of said description, where illustrative and non-limiting nature has been represented. next:
Figura 1.- Muestra un esquema de los módulos o componentes de la estación base. Donde figura el módulo de detección (óptico y por radar) pudiendo existir otros. El módulo de proceso, donde existe un ordenador que dispone de GPS,3G/4G y Wifi para la intercomunicación con el resto de estaciones y con los drones de intercepción. De forma integrada o separada, puede disponer de un módulo de carga para los drones de intercepción. Figura 2.- Muestra un diagrama de un módulo drone interceptor. Se ha representado una configuración de cuadricóptero en +, pero valdría cualquier configuración de drone, como por ejemplo, octacópteros o cuadricóptero en X. Figure 1.- Shows a diagram of the modules or components of the base station. Where there is the detection module (optical and radar) others may exist. The process module, where there is a computer that has GPS, 3G / 4G and Wifi for intercommunication with the rest of the stations and with the interception drones. Integrated or separate, you can have a charging module for intercept drones. Figure 2.- Shows a diagram of a drone interceptor module. A quadcopter configuration has been represented in +, but any drone configuration, such as octacopter or quadcopter in X, would be worth it.
Figura 3.- Muestra un diagrama resumen sobre los módulos del drone. Básicamente dispone de un módulo de seguimiento del objetivo mediante diversos sensores como medios ópticos, malla láser... Un módulo de intercepción, que puede ser mediante interferencias y/o malla desplegable. El módulo de control de navegación. El módulo de estabilización de vuelo. Y por último, el módulo de alimentación de carga. REALIZACIÓN PREFERENTE DE LA INVENCIÓN Figure 3.- Shows a summary diagram about the drone modules. Basically, it has a target tracking module through various sensors such as optical media, laser mesh ... An interception module, which can be through interference and / or folding mesh. The navigation control module. The flight stabilization module. And finally, the load power module. PREFERRED EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION
Para la realización de la invención se pueden contar con módulos y piezas que ya existen en el mercado. Permitiendo por ello conseguir un bajo coste, un buen margen y un precio ajustado. For the realization of the invention, modules and parts that already exist in the market may be available. Allowing for it to achieve a low cost, a good margin and an adjusted price.
Para la construcción de la estación base, se puede contar con los siguientes elementos. Como elementos ópticos de detección se pueden utilizar cámaras de alta definición, dispuestos de tal forma que se cubran 360° y todo el espacio aéreo. Para construir el detector de radar basta con dos o tres antenas, conectados a una electrónica que permita realizar los filtros adecuados y dar la información al ordenador. Para el ordenador, existen multitud módulos que pueden utilizar procesamiento necesario, y periféricos para la comunicación GPS, 3G/4G y WiFi. El módulo de carga, se puede construir mediante cargadores de batería(físicos e inalámbricos) ya existentes en el mercado, conectados a una electrónica que permita al ordenador controlar los ciclos de carga. For the construction of the base station, you can count on the following elements. As optical detection elements, high-definition cameras can be used, arranged in such a way that 360 ° and the entire airspace are covered. To build the radar detector, it is enough with two or three antennas, connected to an electronics that allow to make the appropriate filters and give the information to the computer. For the computer, there are many modules that can use necessary processing, and peripherals for GPS, 3G / 4G and WiFi communication. The charging module can be built using battery chargers (physical and wireless) already existing in the market, connected to an electronics that allow the computer to control the charging cycles.
Los drones se pueden fabricar con piezas existentes en cualquier proveedor de aeromodelismo. Se incorpora electrónica de control que es capaz de simular las señales de un mando de radio control (substituyendo a un receptor de una emisora de control). Esa electrónica se conectaría al ordenador de a bordo, que es el que toma las decisiones en cuanto a las maniobras a realizar. Este ordenador, tiene implementados algoritmos software, que gracias al reconocimiento de imágenes y a otros sensores, son capaces de localizar un objetivo y seguirlo. Además, es capaz de comunicarse con las estaciones base mediante protocolo seguro, mediante módulos de comunicaciones estándar. Para realizar la intercepción, el módulo de generación de interferencias no es más que una electrónica que genera ondas a diversas frecuencias a las que emiten los módulos de control de drones del mercado. Para realizar la intercepción física, se puede desplegar una red realizada en materiales ligeros pero resistentes. La red se desplegaría por efecto de un electroimán, que al activarse un relé, provocaría su despliegue. Drones can be manufactured with existing parts at any model aircraft supplier. Control electronics are incorporated that are capable of simulating the signals of a radio control command (replacing a receiver of a control station). That electronics would be connected to the on-board computer, which is the one that makes the decisions regarding the maneuvers to be performed. This computer has software algorithms implemented, which thanks to the recognition of images and other sensors, are able to locate a target and follow it. In addition, it is able to communicate with the base stations by means of a secure protocol, by means of standard communication modules. To perform the interception, the interference generation module is nothing more than an electronics that generates waves at various frequencies to which the drone control modules on the market emit. To perform the physical interception, a network made of lightweight but resistant materials can be deployed. The network would be deployed by the effect of an electromagnet, which when activated a relay, would cause its deployment.
Para la realización industrial, se crearía una persona jurídica para realizar la construcción y comercialización del invento. Los módulos se pueden adquirir en proveedores de electrónica, comunicaciones y aeromodelismo. Una vez desarrollados los softwares de control y las piezas, se pueden fabricar en serie. Por tanto, la labor de esta empresa sería la de ensamblar, instalar y mantener el citado dispositivo. Por estos servicios, la empresa podría cobrar una compensación económica. For the industrial realization, a legal entity would be created to carry out the construction and commercialization of the invention. The modules can be purchased from electronics, communications and aeromodelling providers. Once developed Control softwares and parts can be manufactured in series. Therefore, the work of this company would be to assemble, install and maintain the aforementioned device. For these services, the company could charge financial compensation.

Claims

REIVINDICACIONES
1 . Dispositivo de detección e intercepción de aeronaves no tripuladas (drones), caracterizado por estar compuesto de: one . Device for detection and interception of unmanned aircraft (drones), characterized by being composed of:
Uno o varios circuitos receptores de radio. One or more radio receiver circuits.
Una o varias cámaras. - Un ordenador con un software de control. One or more cameras. - A computer with a control software.
Un circuito de carga de baterías. A battery charging circuit.
Un circuito de comunicaciones y sincronización digital (mediante WiFi, Xbee, 3G,4G,5G...). A communications and digital synchronization circuit (via WiFi, Xbee, 3G, 4G, 5G ...).
Una batería o sistema de alimentación de corriente eléctrica. A battery or power supply system.
Dispositivo según la reivindicación 1 caracterizado porque comprende: Device according to claim 1 characterized in that it comprises:
- Un drone, con sus motores y circuitos de control y estabilización de vuelo. - A drone, with its engines and flight control and stabilization circuits.
Dispositivo según la reivindicación 2 caracterizado porque el comprende: Device according to claim 2 characterized in that it comprises:
- Un circuito sensor de proximidad. - A proximity sensor circuit.
- Un circuito de brújula. - A compass circuit.
- Un circuito de altímetro/barómetro. - An altimeter / barometer circuit.
- Un ordenador de control. - A control computer.
- Un circuito GPS. - A GPS circuit.
Un circuito de comunicaciones móviles (WiFi, XBee, 3G,4G, 5G... A mobile communications circuit (WiFi, XBee, 3G, 4G, 5G ...
HOJA DE REEMPLAZO (REGLA 26) Un circuito de comunicaciones por WiFi. REPLACEMENT SHEET (RULE 26) A circuit of communications by WiFi.
- Una batería de alimentación. - A power battery.
- Un circuito sensor de carga de la batería. - A battery charge sensor circuit.
- Unos bornes de carga. - Some load terminals.
- Una minicamara o sensor de infrarrojos. - A mini camera or infrared sensor.
- Un circuito receptor de radio. - A radio receiver circuit.
- Un sensor de carga de la batería - A battery charge sensor
Dispositivo según la reivindicación 3 caracterizado porque el drone comprende: Device according to claim 3 characterized in that the drone comprises:
Un batería adicional, recargable de forma inalámbrica. An additional battery, rechargeable wirelessly.
Un sensor de carga de la batería. A battery charge sensor.
Un circuito de carga inalámbrico. A wireless charging circuit.
Dispositivo según las reivindicaciones 2, 3 y 4 caracterizado porque el drone comprende: Device according to claims 2, 3 and 4 characterized in that the drone comprises:
Un circuito emisor de radio de banda variable conectado al ordenador. A variable band radio transmitter circuit connected to the computer.
Un relé. A relay
- Conjunto de fibras con un sistema mecánico de despliegue. - Fiber set with a mechanical deployment system.
6. Dispositivo según la reivindicación 5 caracterizado porque el drone comprende: 6. Device according to claim 5 characterized in that the drone comprises:
- Sensor de malla láser. - Laser mesh sensor.
HOJA DE REEMPLAZO (REGLA 26) REPLACEMENT SHEET (RULE 26)
PCT/ES2017/070235 2016-04-12 2017-04-12 Device for the detection and interception of unmanned aerial vehicles (drones) WO2017178687A1 (en)

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