WO2017173880A1 - 降低传输丢包率的方法和装置 - Google Patents

降低传输丢包率的方法和装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017173880A1
WO2017173880A1 PCT/CN2017/072473 CN2017072473W WO2017173880A1 WO 2017173880 A1 WO2017173880 A1 WO 2017173880A1 CN 2017072473 W CN2017072473 W CN 2017072473W WO 2017173880 A1 WO2017173880 A1 WO 2017173880A1
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Prior art keywords
redundancy
transmission
loss rate
packet loss
degree
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PCT/CN2017/072473
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
蓝海青
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华为技术有限公司
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Application filed by 华为技术有限公司 filed Critical 华为技术有限公司
Priority to JP2018552669A priority Critical patent/JP6617838B2/ja
Priority to EP17778545.8A priority patent/EP3429106A4/en
Publication of WO2017173880A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017173880A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/12—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using return channel
    • H04L1/16—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using return channel in which the return channel carries supervisory signals, e.g. repetition request signals
    • H04L1/18—Automatic repetition systems, e.g. Van Duuren systems
    • H04L1/1867—Arrangements specially adapted for the transmitter end
    • H04L1/189—Transmission or retransmission of more than one copy of a message
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/0001—Systems modifying transmission characteristics according to link quality, e.g. power backoff
    • H04L1/0009—Systems modifying transmission characteristics according to link quality, e.g. power backoff by adapting the channel coding
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/004—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using forward error control
    • H04L1/0056—Systems characterized by the type of code used
    • H04L1/007—Unequal error protection
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/0078—Avoidance of errors by organising the transmitted data in a format specifically designed to deal with errors, e.g. location
    • H04L1/0086—Unequal error protection

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of communications technologies, and in particular, to a method and apparatus for reducing transmission packet loss rate.
  • packet transmission is the most important and most widely used transmission method. As a shared transmission method, it has higher transmission resource utilization. It is the main bearer of existing communication services, such as voice services and video services.
  • the packet transmission feature uses independent packet data packets to carry specific information. It is very important to ensure the transmission of data packets correctly.
  • the packet loss rate (English name: Loss Rat io, English abbreviation: LR) is a measure of packet switching. : Packet Switching, English abbreviation: PS)
  • PS Packet Switching, English abbreviation: PS
  • the core indicator of transmission quality The higher the packet loss rate, the worse the PS transmission quality, the more serious the damage to the service, and even the service is unavailable. Under the existing network quality, how to reduce the transmission loss rate and improve the transmission quality is the core research topic in the industry.
  • the embodiment of the present invention provides a method and apparatus for reducing transmission packet loss rate, which are used to reduce transmission loss rate and improve transmission quality.
  • the first aspect of the present application provides a method for reducing transmission packet loss rate, and adopts a redundant transmission mode to reduce packet loss rate, which can be used in a communication system using packet transmission technology, and adopts two parameters to control redundant transmission. , that is, redundancy and redundancy factor, wherein the redundancy factor refers to the proportion of data that needs to be redundantly transmitted to all the data that needs to be transmitted, and the redundancy indicates the number of copies that are repeatedly transmitted when the data packet is transmitted by the redundant transmission mode.
  • the method is performed at the source end of the sending data, and after determining the redundancy factor and the redundancy degree, the source end determines the data packet that needs to be redundantly transmitted according to the redundancy factor, and repeatedly sends the data to the target end according to the number of copies indicated by the redundancy degree. package.
  • the method only performs redundant transmission on part of the data indicated by the redundancy factor, instead of redundantly transmitting all the data, so that on the one hand, only redundant transmission mode can be adopted for important data. Transmission, thereby reducing the packet loss rate of important data and improving the transmission quality of important data.
  • redundant transmission is not used for other data, thereby reducing the number of transmitted data packets and reducing transmission bandwidth consumption.
  • the second aspect of the present application provides a device for reducing transmission packet loss rate, which adopts a redundant transmission mode to reduce a packet loss rate, and can be used in a communication system adopting a packet transmission technology, where the device adopts two parameters to control redundant transmission. , that is, redundancy and redundancy factor, wherein the redundancy factor refers to the proportion of data that needs to be redundantly transmitted to all the data that needs to be transmitted, and the redundancy indicates the number of copies that are repeatedly transmitted when the data packet is transmitted by the redundant transmission mode.
  • the device may be deployed at the source end of the sending data, so that after determining the redundancy factor and the redundancy, the source determines the data packet that needs to be redundantly transmitted according to the redundancy factor, and repeatedly sends the data to the target end according to the number of copies indicated by the redundancy.
  • the data packet Compared with the traditional redundant transmission mode, the device only performs redundant transmission on part of the data indicated by the redundancy factor, instead of redundantly transmitting all the data, so that on the one hand, redundant transmission can be adopted only for important data. Transfer, thereby reducing the packet loss rate of important data and improving important data
  • the transmission quality does not use redundant transmission methods for other data, thereby reducing the number of transmitted data packets and reducing transmission bandwidth consumption.
  • the source end may add a specific identifier to the data packet that needs to be redundantly transmitted.
  • the source end may obtain the packet loss rate of the transmission data from the target end, and determine the redundancy according to the packet loss rate according to the principle that the redundancy is positively correlated with the packet loss rate.
  • the source end may obtain a transmission congestion degree of the transmission bandwidth from the target end, and determine a redundancy factor according to the transmission congestion degree according to the principle that the redundancy factor is negatively correlated with the transmission congestion degree.
  • the source end determines the redundancy according to the packet loss rate and the transmission congestion degree, and determines the redundancy factor according to the packet loss rate and the transmission congestion degree.
  • the redundancy is positively correlated with the packet loss rate and negatively related to the degree of transmission congestion
  • the redundancy factor is positively correlated with the packet loss rate and negatively correlated with the transmission congestion degree.
  • the source end and the target end may be different devices in the communication network, or may be different modules in the same device.
  • the redundant transmission mode is used to transmit data
  • the redundancy factor and the redundancy parameter are used to control the redundant transmission mode. Based on the two parameters, Redundant transmission of only part of the data, rather than redundant transmission of all data, so that redundant transmission can be used for important data, thereby reducing the packet loss rate of important data and improving the transmission quality of important data. Data can be used without redundant transmission, which reduces the number of transmitted packets and reduces transmission bandwidth consumption.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a network architecture applied in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic flowchart of a method for reducing a transmission loss rate according to an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of transmission of data transmitted by a source end to a target end in the embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of performing redundant transmission based on packet loss rate determination redundancy in the embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of determining redundant factors for redundant transmission based on the degree of transmission congestion in the embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of determining redundantness and redundancy factor for redundant transmission based on redundancy and transmission congestion degree in the embodiment of the present application;
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram showing the relationship between several solutions in the embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of an apparatus for reducing a transmission loss rate according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a computer device according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the first method is direct redundant transmission, that is, the source end or the transmitting end sends the data packet directly, and the target end or the receiving end only needs to receive one of the data.
  • the sender can repeatedly send each packet twice, and the receiver only needs to receive one of the packets sent at any one time.
  • the second method is forward error correction (English full name: Forward Error Correction, English abbreviation: FEC) technology.
  • the sender uses forward error correction technology. Even if some data packets are lost during transmission, the received data can be received from the existing ones. The information of the lost packets is recovered in the data packet, that is, each data packet is redundant with information of other data packets.
  • the purpose of the present application is to provide a solution that not only reduces the packet loss rate requirement, but also reduces the transmission bandwidth consumption in a relative manner, and improves the protection of important data.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a method and a corresponding device for reducing a transmission loss rate.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a network architecture applied to an embodiment of the present application, including a source end and a target end, and a transmission system connecting the source end and the target end.
  • the transmission system may also be referred to as a transmission network, and the transmission network may be any type of network, for example, including a wired network, a wireless network, a time-division multiplexing (TDM) network, a packet transmission network, and the like.
  • TDM time-division multiplexing
  • the source end and the target end may be different devices in the communication system.
  • the source end and the target end may be respectively referred to as a source device and a target device; the source end and the target end may also be in the same device.
  • Different modules, at this time, the source and destination can be referred to as the source module and the target module, respectively.
  • the source device and the target device may be devices such as a base station, a terminal, a gateway, and the like.
  • the source device may be a base station, and the target device may be a gateway.
  • the present application can be adapted to be applied to a wired network or a wireless network; any layer of a transmission protocol can be applied, such as an IP (Internet Protocol) layer, a MAC (Media Access Control) layer, and the like.
  • IP Internet Protocol
  • MAC Media Access Control
  • any wired or wireless communication system such as a universal mobile communication system (English full name: Universal Mobile Telecommunications System, English abbreviation: UMTS), a global mobile communication system (English full name) : Global System for Mobile Communication, English abbreviation: GSM), code division multiple access (English full name: Code Division Multiple Access, English abbreviation: CDMA), wireless local area network (English full name: Wireless Local Area Networks, English abbreviation: WLAN), Wireless fidelity (English full name: WirelessFidelity, English abbreviation: Wifi), long-term evolution (English full name: Long Term Evolution (English abbreviation: LTE) and next-generation networks such as 5G (5-Generation, fifth-generation mobile communication technology), etc.
  • a universal mobile communication system English full name: Universal Mobile Telecommunications System, English abbreviation: UMTS
  • GSM Global System for Mobile Communication
  • CDMA Code Division Multiple Access
  • CDMA Code Division Multiple Access
  • WLAN Wireless Local Area Networks
  • Wifi Wireless fidelity
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a method for reducing a transmission packet loss rate, which may include:
  • the source determines a redundancy factor and a redundancy, the redundancy factor indicating a proportion of data that needs to be redundantly transmitted, the redundancy indicating the number of copies repeatedly transmitted during the redundant transmission.
  • the embodiment of the present application adopts a redundant transmission mode to improve the transmission success rate of the data packet, reduce the transmission loss rate, and improve the transmission quality.
  • the redundancy factor and the redundancy are used to control the redundant transmission mode.
  • the redundancy indicates the number of copies repeatedly transmitted during redundant transmission; the value of the parameter indicates that the same data packet transmits several identical data packets at the transmitting end; the redundancy of 1 indicates that only one copy is transmitted, that is, normal.
  • the transmission mode, the redundancy is 2 means that the same data packet is sent twice, and so on, the redundancy is a positive integer.
  • k is used for redundancy and k is a positive integer.
  • the redundancy factor indicates the proportion of data that needs to be redundantly transmitted; the parameter indicates the proportion of data packets that need to be redundantly transmitted; for example, when the redundancy is 2, when the redundancy factor is 60%, it means 60%.
  • Two packets are sent, 40% of the packets are sent only one; when the redundancy is 1, the packet is sent only one copy regardless of the redundancy factor.
  • p is used to indicate the redundancy factor, and the value range of p is [0, 1].
  • the source For the data to be transmitted, the source first determines the redundancy and redundancy factor, and then determines the packets that need to be redundantly transmitted according to the redundancy factor. Among them, the data packets requiring redundant transmission can be determined according to the importance. For example, when the redundancy factor is 60%, all the data packets can be sorted according to importance, and the first 60% of the data packets are determined to require redundant transmission. Packet. When the data is finally transmitted, for the data packet determined to require redundant transmission, multiple copies are sent according to the number of copies indicated by the redundancy, and for other data packets, only one copy is transmitted according to the normal transmission mode.
  • the redundancy factor may be determined based on the congestion range, and the greater the degree of congestion, the smaller the redundancy factor. For example, when there is no congestion, the redundancy factor can be set to 100%.
  • the redundancy factor can also be determined according to the transmission delay of the transmission direction. The larger the delay, the smaller the redundancy factor.
  • the redundancy can be determined according to the packet loss rate. The higher the packet loss rate, the higher the redundancy.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of transmission of data transmitted by a source end to a target end in an embodiment of the present application.
  • the source end determines the proportion of the data packet according to the redundancy and the redundancy factor to perform data packet redundancy transmission, and determines how many identical data packets are simultaneously transmitted by the redundantly transmitted data packet.
  • the ordinary transmission mode is used, and only one transmission is performed; for the data packet 2, the redundant transmission mode is used, and the transmission is respectively performed twice, as shown in the packet 2.0 and 2.1 in the figure.
  • redundant transmission is also used, which is sent twice, as shown in packets 5.0 and 5.1 in the figure.
  • the other backup data can be directly discarded after being received. For example, if the target end correctly receives the data packet 2.0, the data packet 2.1 can be directly discarded; If packet 2.0 is not received correctly, the received packet 2.1 is retained.
  • the source end may add a specific identifier to the data packet that needs to be redundantly transmitted. For example, in a field or a domain of the packet header, a specific identifier is added, which can occupy several bits. For the location of a specific identifier in the data packet, only the source device and the destination device agree on the agreement, and no special designation is required. In other words, the field or domain that carries the specific identity is complete You can define or use existing fields or fields yourself. This is not particularly limited herein.
  • the method for reducing the transmission loss rate uses a redundant transmission mode to transmit data, and uses a redundancy factor and a redundancy parameter to perform a redundant transmission mode. Control, based on these two parameters, only redundant transmission of some data, rather than redundant transmission of all data, so that redundant transmission can be used for important data, thereby reducing the packet loss rate of important data, and improving the The transmission quality of important data can be used for other data without redundant transmission, thereby reducing the number of transmitted data packets and reducing transmission bandwidth consumption.
  • redundancy may be generated or determined according to a packet loss rate from a source end to a target end.
  • the source end may obtain a packet loss rate from the target end, and determine a redundancy according to the packet loss rate, where the redundancy is positively correlated with the packet loss rate.
  • the positive correlation means that the greater the packet loss rate, the greater the redundancy, in other words, the redundancy is a non-strict incremental function of the packet loss rate.
  • the redundancy must be greater than or equal to 1, that is, each packet must be sent at least one; the redundancy cannot exceed a certain threshold M, and the threshold M is a positive integer, which can be configured according to the actual situation.
  • the redundancy is a positive integer. For example, when the threshold M is equal to 3, the redundancy k is equal to 1 or 2 or 3.
  • the redundancy formula can be used to calculate the redundancy:
  • K and B are constant parameters and K is a positive parameter, and int is rounding. It should be noted that K and B can be empirical values.
  • a redundancy factor may be generated or determined according to the degree of transmission congestion from the source end to the target end.
  • the source end may obtain a transmission congestion degree from the target end, and determine a redundancy factor according to the transmission congestion degree, where the redundancy factor is negatively correlated with the transmission congestion degree.
  • the negative correlation means that the greater the degree of transmission congestion, the smaller the redundancy, in other words, the redundancy is a non-strict decrement function of the degree of transmission congestion.
  • the value y of "0" or more may be used to indicate the degree of transmission congestion.
  • the degree of transmission congestion y is less than 1 to indicate no congestion, and the smaller the value of y is, the more idle the transmission bandwidth is; the degree of transmission congestion y is equal to 1 indicating that the transmission service rate is just equal. Transmission bandwidth; transmission congestion degree y greater than 1 indicates congestion, and a larger value of y indicates that transmission congestion is more serious.
  • the redundancy factor can be made 0, indicating that multiple transmissions are not performed.
  • the redundancy factor p 1 - y can be made.
  • a redundancy factor may be generated or determined according to a packet loss rate and a transmission congestion degree from a source end to a target end, and according to the packet loss rate and the transmission congestion degree. Generate or say redundancy.
  • the source end may obtain a packet loss rate and a transmission congestion degree from the target end; determine redundancy according to the packet loss rate and the degree of transmission congestion, where the redundancy is positively correlated with the packet loss rate and The degree of transmission congestion is negatively correlated; a redundancy factor is determined according to the packet loss rate and the degree of transmission congestion, the redundancy factor being positively correlated with the packet loss rate and negatively correlated with the degree of transmission congestion.
  • the vector (redundancy, redundancy factor) is a function of the vector (loss rate, degree of transmission congestion).
  • the redundancy increases with the packet loss rate rather than strictly increasing, and the degree of transmission congestion increases rather than strictly decreases.
  • Redundancy The factor increases with the packet loss rate rather than strictly increasing, as the degree of transmission congestion increases rather than strictly decreases.
  • the redundancy factor can be calculated using the following formula:
  • Redundancy factor K1 * packet loss rate + K2 * transmission congestion level + C;
  • K1 and K2 and C are constant parameters, which may be empirical values, and K1 is a positive number and K2 is a negative number.
  • Redundancy can be calculated using a similar formula.
  • the redundancy is controlled by using a packet loss rate.
  • the redundancy factor is controlled by the degree of transmission congestion, and the embodiment of FIG. 6 is utilized.
  • the packet loss rate and the degree of transmission congestion simultaneously control the redundancy and the redundancy factor, and it is easy to understand that the embodiment shown in Figs. 4 and 5 is a special case of the embodiment shown in Fig. 6.
  • the foregoing solution in the embodiment of the present application may determine redundancy and redundancy factors based on transmission congestion degree and packet loss rate, and perform redundancy transmission control by using two parameters of redundancy and redundancy factors to reduce transmission loss rate. the goal of.
  • the foregoing solution in the embodiment of the present application can automatically adapt to the current situation of the transmission network bandwidth, reduce the transmission loss rate, and improve the QoE (Quality of Experience) of the service, such as the rate of the video service; It can provide high quality services without improving the quality of the transmission network.
  • QoE Quality of Experience
  • an embodiment of the present application provides an apparatus 800 for reducing a transmission loss rate, which may include:
  • a determining module 801 configured to determine a redundancy factor and a redundancy, the redundancy factor indicating a proportion of data requiring redundant transmission, the redundancy indicating a number of copies repeatedly transmitted during redundant transmission; Determining a data packet requiring redundant transmission according to the redundancy factor;
  • the sending module 802 is configured to repeatedly send the data packet to the target end according to the number of copies indicated by the redundancy.
  • the apparatus 800 further includes:
  • the identifier processing module 803 is configured to add a specific identifier to the data packet that needs to be redundantly transmitted.
  • the determining module 801 includes:
  • the obtaining unit 8011 is configured to obtain a packet loss rate
  • the determining unit 8012 is configured to determine a redundancy according to the packet loss rate, where the redundancy is positively correlated with the packet loss rate.
  • the obtaining unit 8011 is configured to acquire a transmission congestion degree
  • the determining unit 8012 is configured to determine a redundancy factor according to the transmission congestion degree, where the redundancy factor is negatively correlated with the transmission congestion degree.
  • the obtaining unit 8011 is configured to acquire a packet loss rate and a transmission congestion degree.
  • the determining unit 8012 is configured to use Determining redundancy according to the packet loss rate and the degree of transmission congestion, the redundancy being positively correlated with the packet loss rate and negatively correlated with the degree of transmission congestion; the determining unit 8012 is further configured to perform The packet loss rate and the degree of transmission congestion determine a redundancy factor that is positively correlated with the packet loss rate and negatively correlated with the degree of transmission congestion.
  • the device 800 for reducing the transmission loss rate in the embodiment of the present application may be, for example, a network device such as a base station, a gateway, a terminal, or a module in the network device.
  • the redundant transmission mode is used to transmit data
  • the redundancy factor and the redundancy parameter are used to control the redundant transmission mode. Based on the two parameters, Redundant transmission of only part of the data, rather than redundant transmission of all data, so that redundant transmission can be used for important data, thereby reducing the packet loss rate of important data and improving the transmission quality of important data. Data can be used without redundant transmission, which reduces the number of transmitted packets and reduces transmission bandwidth consumption.
  • the embodiment of the present application further provides a computer device 900, which may include:
  • the memory 902 is configured to store a program 905, the processor 901 is coupled to the memory 902 via the bus 904, and when the computer device 900 is running, the processor 901 executes the memory stored by the memory 902
  • the program 905 is configured to cause the computer device 900 to perform the method of reducing the transmission loss rate as described in the above method embodiments.
  • the bus 1608 may be an Industry Standard Architecture (ISA) bus or a Peripheral Component (PCI) bus or an Extended Industry Standard Architecture (EISA). Bus, etc.
  • ISA Industry Standard Architecture
  • PCI Peripheral Component
  • EISA Extended Industry Standard Architecture
  • the bus can be divided into one or more of an address bus, a data bus, and a control bus. For ease of representation, only one thick line is shown in the figure, but it does not mean that there is only one bus or one type of bus.
  • the memory 902 may include a high speed RAM (Ramdom Access Memory) memory.
  • the memory 902 may further include a non-volatile memory.
  • the memory 902 can include a disk storage.
  • the processor 901 may be a central processing unit (CPU), or the processor 901 may be an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), or the processor 901 may Is one or more integrated circuits configured to implement embodiments of the present application.
  • CPU central processing unit
  • ASIC application specific integrated circuit
  • the processor 901 is configured to perform the steps of: determining a redundancy factor and a redundancy, the redundancy factor indicating a proportion of data that needs to be redundantly transmitted, the redundancy indicating repeated transmission during redundant transmission The number of copies, based on the redundancy factor, determining a data packet that requires redundant transmission;
  • the communication interface 902 is configured to: repeatedly send the data packet to the target end according to the number of copies indicated by the redundancy.
  • the computer device of the embodiment of the present application may perform the method described in the foregoing method embodiment, and obtain the method implementation.
  • the technical effects can be obtained by the example.
  • Embodiments of the present application also provide a computer readable storage medium storing one or more programs, the one or more programs including instructions that, when executed by a computer device including one or more processors, cause the The computer device performs the method of reducing the transmission loss rate as described in the foregoing method embodiments.
  • the disclosed system, apparatus, and method may be implemented in other manners.
  • the device embodiments described above are merely illustrative.
  • the division of cells is only a logical function division.
  • multiple units or components may be combined or integrated. Go to another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed.
  • the mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed may be an indirect coupling or communication connection through some interface, device or unit, and may be in an electrical, mechanical or other form.
  • the units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate, and the components displayed as units may or may not be physical units, that is, may be located in one place, or may be distributed to multiple network units. Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of the embodiment.
  • each functional unit in each embodiment of the present application may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist physically separately, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit.
  • the above integrated unit can be implemented in the form of hardware or in the form of a software functional unit.
  • An integrated unit if implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as a standalone product, can be stored in a computer readable storage medium.
  • the technical solution of the present application in essence or the contribution to the prior art, or all or part of the technical solution may be embodied in the form of a software product stored in a storage medium.
  • a number of instructions are included to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to perform all or part of the steps of the various embodiments of the present application.
  • the foregoing storage medium includes: a U disk, a mobile hard disk, a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), a magnetic disk, or an optical disk, and the like. .

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Abstract

本申请实施例公开了一种降低传输丢包率的方法和装置，用于降低传输丢包率，提升传输质量。在本申请一些可行的实施方式中，方法包括：源端确定冗余因子和冗余度，所述冗余因子指示需要冗余传输的数据所占的比例，所述冗余度指示冗余传输时重复传输的份数；根据所述冗余因子确定需要冗余传输的数据包；按照所述冗余度指示的份数向目标端重复发送所述数据包。

Description

降低传输丢包率的方法和装置
本申请要求于2016年4月6日提交中国专利局、申请号为201610210746.4、发明名称为“降低传输丢包率的方法和转置”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及通信技术领域，具体涉及一种降低传输丢包率的方法和装置。
背景技术
现代通信系统中，分组传输是当前最重要最广泛的传输方式，作为一种共享的传输方式，它具有更高的传输资源利用率。它是现有通信业务的主要承载方式，如语音业务、视频业务等。分组传输特征是用独立的分组数据包承载特定的信息，正确的保障数据包的传输是非常重要的，丢包率(英文全称：Loss Rat io，英文简称：LR)是衡量分组交换(英文全称：Packet Switching，英文简称：PS)传输质量的核心指标，丢包率越高，PS传输质量越差，对业务的损伤越严重，甚至业务不可用。在既有的网络质量下，如何降低传输丢包率，提升传输质量是业界最核心的研究课题。
发明内容
本申请实施例提供一种降低传输丢包率的方法和装置，用于降低传输丢包率，提升传输质量。
本申请第一方面提供一种降低传输丢包率的方法，采用冗余传输方式来降低丢包率，可用在采用分组传输技术的通信系统中，该方法采用采用两个参数来控制冗余传输，即冗余度和冗余因子，其中，冗余因子指需要冗余传输的数据占需要传输的全部数据的比例，冗余度指示冗余传输方式传输数据包时重复传输的份数，该方法在发送数据的源端执行，源端确定冗余因子和冗余度后，根据冗余因子确定需要冗余传输的数据包，按照冗余度指示的份数向目标端重复发送所述数据包。该方法相对于传统的冗余传输方式，仅仅对冗余因子指示的部分数据进行冗余传输，而不是对全部数据进行冗余传输，这样，一方面，可以仅对重要数据采用冗余传输方式传输，从而降低重要数据的丢包率，提升对重要数据的传输质量，另一方面，对于其它数据不采用冗余传输方式，从而减少传输的数据包的个数，降低传输带宽消耗。
本申请第二方面提供一种降低传输丢包率的装置，采用冗余传输方式来降低丢包率，可用在采用分组传输技术的通信系统中，该装置采用采用两个参数来控制冗余传输，即冗余度和冗余因子，其中，冗余因子指需要冗余传输的数据占需要传输的全部数据的比例，冗余度指示冗余传输方式传输数据包时重复传输的份数，该装置可部署在发送数据的源端，使得源端确定冗余因子和冗余度后，根据冗余因子确定需要冗余传输的数据包，按照冗余度指示的份数向目标端重复发送所述数据包。相对于传统的冗余传输方式，该装置仅仅对冗余因子指示的部分数据进行冗余传输，而不是对全部数据进行冗余传输，这样，一方面，可以仅对重要数据采用冗余传输方式传输，从而降低重要数据的丢包率，提升对重要数据 的传输质量，另一方面，对于其它数据不采用冗余传输方式，从而减少传输的数据包的个数，降低传输带宽消耗。
结合以上两个方面所述的方法和装置：
可选的，为了便于目标端识别接收到的数据包是否采用了冗余传输方式，源端可以在需要冗余传输的数据包中添加特定的标识。
可选的，源端可以从目标端获取传输数据的丢包率，按照所述冗余度与所述丢包率正相关的原则，根据所述丢包率确定冗余度。
可选的，源端可以从目标端获取传输带宽的传输拥塞程度，按照所述冗余因子与所述传输拥塞程度负相关的原则，根据所述传输拥塞程度确定冗余因子。
可选的，源端可以从目标端获取丢包率和传输拥塞程度后，根据所述丢包率和传输拥塞程度确定冗余度，根据所述丢包率和传输拥塞程度确定冗余因子，其中，所述冗余度与所述丢包率正相关且与所述传输拥塞程度负相关，所述冗余因子与所述丢包率正相关且与所述传输拥塞程度负相关。
可选的，所述源端和目标端可以是通信网络中不同的设备，也可以是同一设备中的不同模块。
由上可见，在本申请的一些可行的实施方式中，采用冗余传输方式来传输数据，并且采用冗余因子和冗余度两个参数对冗余传输方式进行控制，基于这两个参数，仅仅对部分数据进行冗余传输，而不是对全部数据进行冗余传输，这样，对于重要数据可以采用冗余传输方式，从而降低重要数据的丢包率，提升对重要数据的传输质量，对于其它数据可以不采用冗余传输方式，从而减少传输的数据包的个数，降低传输带宽消耗。
附图说明
图1是本申请实施例应用的网络架构的示意图；
图2是本申请实施例提供的一种降低传输丢包率的方法的流程示意图；
图3是本申请实施例中源端向目标端发送数据的传输示意图；
图4是本申请实施例中基于丢包率确定冗余度进行冗余传输的示意图；
图5是本申请实施例中基于传输拥塞程度确定冗余因子进行冗余传输的示意图；
图6是本申请实施例中基于冗余度和传输拥塞程度，确定冗余度和冗余因子进行冗余传输的示意图；
图7是本申请实施例中几种方案的关系示意图；
图8是本申请实施例提供的一种降低传输丢包率的装置的结构示意图；
图9是本申请实施例提供的一种计算机设备的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
为了使本技术领域的人员更好地理解本申请方案，下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图，对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本申请一部分的实施例，而不是全部的实施例。
本申请的说明书和权利要求书及上述附图中的术语“第一”、“第二”、“第三”等是用于区别不同的对象，而不是用于描述特定顺序。此外，术语“包括”和“具有”以及它们 任何变形，意图在于覆盖不排他的包含。例如包含了一系列步骤或单元的过程、方法、系统、产品或设备没有限定于已列出的步骤或单元，而是可选地还包括没有列出的步骤或单元，或可选地还包括对于这些过程、方法、产品或设备固有的其它步骤或单元。
如背景技术部分所述，在既有的网络质量下，如何降低传输丢包率，提升传输质量是业界最核心的研究课题。目前常用以下两种方式降低传输丢包率。
方式一是直接冗余传输，即：源端或者说发送端将数据包直接发送多份，目标端或者说接收端只要收到其中一份数据即可。例如，发送端可以经每一个数据包都重复发送两次，接收端只要收到其中任一次发送的一个数据包即可。
方式二是采用前向纠错(英文全称：Forward Error Correction，英文简称：FEC)技术，发送端采用前向纠错技术，即使传输过程中丢失某些数据包，接收到也能从已有的数据包中恢复丢失数据包的信息，即每个数据包都冗余其它数据包的信息。
实践发现，方式一的网络带宽消耗大，每多传一份数据包，就需多消耗一倍的网络带宽。方式二的算法复杂，处理器资源需求量大，并且前向纠错也有能力限制，过于频繁的丢包也无法正确纠错。
针对上述问题，本申请的目的是提供一种方案，既达到降低丢包率的要求，又可以相对方式一降低传输带宽消耗，并且，提升对重要数据的保障。
为此，本申请实施例提供一种降低传输丢包率的方法和相应的装置。
下面通过具体实施例，分别进行详细的说明。
请参考图1，是本申请实施例应用的网络架构的示意图，包括源端和目标端，以及连接源端和目标端的传输系统。
其中，所述传输系统，也可以称为传输网络，该传输网络可以是任何一种网络，例如包括有线网络、无线网络、TDM(time-division multiplexing，时分复用)网络、分组传输网络等。
其中，所述源端和目标端可以是通信系统中不同的设备，此时，源端和目标端可以分别称为源设备和目标设备；所述源端和目标端也可以是同一设备中的不同模块，此时，源端和目标端可以分别称为源模块和目标模块。举例来说，源设备和目标设备可以是基站，终端，网关等设备。例如，对于无线网络上行传输方向，源设备可以基站，目标设备可以是网关。
本申请可以适应可以应用于有线网络、无线网络；可以应用传输协议的任何一个层次，如IP(Internet Protocol，网际协议)层、MAC(Media Access Control，介质访问控制)层等等。
需要说明的是，本申请实施例技术方案可以适用于任一种有线或无线通信系统，例如通用移动通信系统(英文全称：Universal Mobile Telecommunications System，英文简称：UMTS)，全球移动通信系统(英文全称：Global System for Mobile Communication，英文简称：GSM),码分多址(英文全称：Code Division Multiple Access，英文简称：CDMA)，无线局域网络(英文全称：Wireless Local Area Networks，英文简称：WLAN)，无线保真(英文全称：WirelessFidelity，英文简称：Wifi)，长期演进(英文全称：Long  Term Evolution，英文简称：LTE)和下一代网络例如5G(5-Generation，第五代移动通信技术)，等。
请参考图2，本申请实施例提供一种降低传输丢包率的方法，可包括：
201、源端确定冗余因子和冗余度，所述冗余因子指示需要冗余传输的数据所占的比例，所述冗余度指示冗余传输时重复传输的份数。
202、根据所述冗余因子确定需要冗余传输的数据包。
203、按照所述冗余度指示的份数向目标端重复发送所述数据包。
本申请实施例采用冗余传输方式，来提升数据包的传输成功率，降低传输丢包率，提升传输质量。其中，利用冗余因子和冗余度两个参数来控制冗余传输方式。
所述冗余度指示冗余传输时重复传输的份数；该参数的数值表示同一个数据包在发送端发送几份相同的数据包；冗余度为1表示只传输一份，即是正常的传输方式，冗余度为2表示同一个数据包发送两份，依次类推，冗余度是一个正整数，本文中用k表示冗余度，k为正整数。
所述冗余因子指示需要冗余传输的数据所占的比例；该参数表示需要冗余传输的数据包比例；例当冗余度为2时，冗余因子是60％时，表示60％的数据包发送两份，40％的数据包只发送一份；当冗余度为1时，不论冗余因子为何，数据包只发送一份。本文中用p表示冗余因子，p的取值范围是[0，1]。
对于待传输的数据，源端首先确定冗余度和冗余因子，然后根据冗余因子确定需要冗余传输的数据包。其中，可以根据重要性来确定需要冗余传输的数据包，例如，冗余因子是60％时，可以将所有数据包按照重要性排序，将位于前60％的数据包确定为需要冗余传输的数据包。最后发送数据时，对于确定为需要冗余传输的数据包，按照冗余度指示的份数发送多份，对于其它数据包，按照普通传输方式，只发送一份。
一些实施例中，冗余因子可以根据拥塞程来确定，拥塞程度越大，冗余因子越小。例如不拥塞时，冗余因子可定为100％。另冗余因子也可以根据该传输方向的传输时延来确定，时延越大，冗余因子越小。冗余度则可以根据丢包率来确定，丢包率越高，冗余度越高。
请参考图3，是本申请一个实施例中源端向目标端发送数据的传输示意图。其中，源端根据冗余度和冗余因子决定多少比例的数据包进行数据包冗余传输，同时决定冗余传输的数据包同时发送多少份相同的数据包。如图3中所示，对于数据包1，3和4采用普通传输方式，只发送一次；对于数据包2，则采用冗余传输方式，分别发送2次，如图中的数据包2.0和2.1所示；对于数据包5，也采用冗余传输方式，分别发送2次，如图中的数据包5.0和5.1所示。在目标端，直到正确收到第一份数据包，其它备份的数据收到后直接丢弃即可，例如，如果目标端正确收到的数据包2.0，则可以将数据包2.1直接丢弃；反之，如果没有正确收到数据包2.0，则保留收到的数据包2.1。
可选的，为了便于目标端识别接收到的数据包是否采用了冗余传输方式，源端可以在需要冗余传输的数据包中添加特定的标识。例如在包头的某个字段或某个域中，添加特定的标识，该标识可以占用若干个比特位。对于特定的标识在数据包中的位置，只需源设备和目的设备双方约定一致即可，不需特别指定。换句话说，携带特定的标识的字段或域完 全可以自行定义或使用现有的字段或域。本文中对此不作特别限定。
以上，对本申请实施例提供的降低传输丢包率的方法，进行了简单说明，该方法采用冗余传输方式来传输数据，并且采用冗余因子和冗余度两个参数对冗余传输方式进行控制，基于这两个参数，仅仅对部分数据进行冗余传输，而不是对全部数据进行冗余传输，这样，对于重要数据可以采用冗余传输方式，从而降低重要数据的丢包率，提升对重要数据的传输质量，对于其它数据可以不采用冗余传输方式，从而减少传输的数据包的个数，降低传输带宽消耗。
下面，对本申请实施例方法做进一步详细的说明，包括如何确定冗余度和冗余因子这两个控制冗余传输的参数。
请参考图4，在本申请一些实施例中，可以根据从源端到目标端的丢包率来生成或者说确定冗余度。本实施例中，源端可以从目标端获取丢包率，根据所述丢包率确定冗余度，所述冗余度与所述丢包率正相关。
所述正相关是指，当丢包率越大时，冗余度越大，换句话说，冗余度是丢包率的非严格递增函数。冗余度必须大于等于1，即每个数据包至少要发送一份；冗余度不能超过某个门限M，门限M是一个正整数，可以根据实际情况进行配置。另外，冗余度是一个正整数。例如，当门限M等于3时，冗余度k等于1或2或3。
举例来说，可以采用如下直线公式计算冗余度：
k＝int(K*d+B)；
其中，k为冗余度，d为丢包率，K和B为常数参数且K为正的参数，int表示取整。需要说明的是，K和B可以是经验值。
请参考图5，在本申请一些实施例中，可以根据从源端到目标端的传输拥塞程度来生成或者说确定冗余因子。本实施例中，源端可以从目标端获取传输拥塞程度，根据所述传输拥塞程度确定冗余因子，所述冗余因子与所述传输拥塞程度负相关。
所述负相关是指，当传输拥塞程度越大，冗余度越小，换句话说，冗余度是传输拥塞程度的非严格递减函数。其中，可以利用大于等于“0”的数值y表示传输拥塞程度，传输拥塞程度y小于1表示不拥塞，y取值越小表示传输带宽越空闲；传输拥塞程度y等于1表示传输业务速率正好等传输带宽；传输拥塞程度y大于1表示拥塞，y取值越大表示传输拥塞越严重。举例来说，当传输拥塞，即y取值大于等于1时，可以使冗余因子为0，表示不进行多份发送。例如，当传输拥塞程度y小于1时，可以令冗余因子p＝1-y。
请参考图6，在本申请一些实施例中，可以根据从源端到目标端的丢包率和传输拥塞程度来生成或者说确定冗余因子，以及，根据所述丢包率和传输拥塞程度来生成或者说确定冗余度。本实施例中，源端可以从目标端获取丢包率和传输拥塞程度；根据所述丢包率和传输拥塞程度确定冗余度，所述冗余度与所述丢包率正相关且与所述传输拥塞程度负相关；根据所述丢包率和传输拥塞程度确定冗余因子，所述冗余因子与所述丢包率正相关且与所述传输拥塞程度负相关。
本实施例中，向量(冗余度，冗余因子)是向量(丢包率，传输拥塞程度)的函数。其中，冗余度随丢包率的递增而非严格递增，随传输拥塞程度的递增而非严格递减。冗余 因子随丢包率的递增而非严格递增，随传输拥塞程度的递增而非严格递减。
举例来说，可以采用以下公式计算冗余因子：
冗余因子＝K1*丢包率+K2*传输拥塞程度+C；
其中，K1和K2及C为常数参数，可以是经验值，且K1为正数，K2为负数。
冗余度可以采用类似的公式计算。
需要说明的是，上文中所列举的公式仅为示例，并不用于限制本申请，具体应用中也可以采用其它公式。
请参考图7，示出了上述三个实施例的关系，图4实施例中利用丢包率控制冗余度，图5实施例中利用传输拥塞程度控制冗余因子，图6实施例中利用丢包率和传输拥塞程度同时控制冗余度和冗余因子，容易理解，图4和图5所示的实施例是图6所示实施例的特例。
可以理解，本申请实施例上述方案例如可以在各种传输网络中的各种网络设备上具体实施。
本申请实施例上述方案可以基于传输拥塞程度和丢包率，来确定冗余度和冗余因子，利用冗余度和冗余因子这两个参数进行冗余传输控制，实现降低传输丢包率的目的。
本申请实施例上述方案，仅仅对部分数据进行冗余传输，而不是对全部数据进行冗余传输，这样，对于重要数据可以采用冗余传输方式，从而降低重要数据的丢包率，提升对重要数据的传输质量，对于其它数据可以不采用冗余传输方式，从而减少传输的数据包的个数，降低传输带宽消耗。
本申请实施例上述方案，可以自动适应传输网络带宽的现状，降低传输丢包率；可以提升业务的QoE(Quality of Experience，体验质量)，如视频业务的速率；可以降低传输网络改造升级的成本，不需要提升传输网络的质量，即可提供高质量的业务。
(实施例二、)为了更好的实施本申请实施例的上述方案，下面还提供用于配合实施上述方案的相关装置。
请参考图8，本申请实施例提供一种降低传输丢包率的装置800，可包括：
确定模块801，用于确定冗余因子和冗余度，所述冗余因子指示需要冗余传输的数据所占的比例，所述冗余度指示冗余传输时重复传输的份数；以及，根据所述冗余因子确定需要冗余传输的数据包；
发送模块802，用于按照所述冗余度指示的份数向目标端重复发送所述数据包。
在本申请一些实施例中，装置800还包括：
标识处理模块803，用于在需要冗余传输的数据包中添加特定的标识。
在本申请一些实施例中，所述确定模块801包括：
获取单元8011，以及，确定单元8012；
一些实施例中，获取单元8011，用于获取丢包率；确定单元8012，用于根据所述丢包率确定冗余度，所述冗余度与所述丢包率正相关。
一些实施例中，获取单元8011，用于获取传输拥塞程度；确定单元8012，用于根据所述传输拥塞程度确定冗余因子，所述冗余因子与所述传输拥塞程度负相关。
一些实施例中，获取单元8011，用于获取丢包率和传输拥塞程度；确定单元8012，用 于根据所述丢包率和传输拥塞程度确定冗余度，所述冗余度与所述丢包率正相关且与所述传输拥塞程度负相关；所述确定单元8012，还用于根据所述丢包率和传输拥塞程度确定冗余因子，所述冗余因子与所述丢包率正相关且与所述传输拥塞程度负相关。
本申请实施例的降低传输丢包率的装置800例如可以是基站，网关，终端等网络设备，也可以是网络设备中的模块。
可以理解，本申请实施例的降低传输丢包率的装置800的各个功能模块的功能可根据上述方法实施例中的方法具体实现，其具体实现过程可参照上述方法实施例中的相关描述，此处不再赘述。
由上可见，在本申请的一些可行的实施方式中，采用冗余传输方式来传输数据，并且采用冗余因子和冗余度两个参数对冗余传输方式进行控制，基于这两个参数，仅仅对部分数据进行冗余传输，而不是对全部数据进行冗余传输，这样，对于重要数据可以采用冗余传输方式，从而降低重要数据的丢包率，提升对重要数据的传输质量，对于其它数据可以不采用冗余传输方式，从而减少传输的数据包的个数，降低传输带宽消耗。
请参考图9，本申请实施例还提供一种计算机设备900，可包括：
处理器901，存储器902，通信接口903，总线904；
所述存储器902用于存储程序905，所述处理器901与所述存储器902通过所述总线904连接，当所述计算机设备900运行时，所述处理器901执行所述存储器902存储的所述程序905，以使所述计算机设备900执行如上文方法实施例所述的降低传输丢包率的方法。
所述总线1608可以是工业标准体系结构(Industry Standard Architecture，简称为ISA)总线或外部设备互连(Peripheral Component，简称为PCI)总线或扩展工业标准体系结构(Extended Industry Standard Architecture，简称为EISA)总线等。所述总线可以分为地址总线、数据总线、控制总线中的一种或多种。为便于表示，图中仅用一条粗线表示，但并不表示仅有一根总线或一种类型的总线。
所述存储器902可以包含高速RAM(Ramdom Access Memory)存储器。可选地，所述存储器902还可以还包括非易失性存储器(non-volatile memory)。例如所述存储器902可以包括磁盘存储器。
所述处理器901可以是一个中央处理器(Central Processing Unit，简称为CPU)，或者所述处理器901可以是特定集成电路(Application Specific Integrated Circuit，简称为ASIC)，或者所述处理器901可以是被配置成实施本申请实施例的一个或多个集成电路。
所述处理器901，用于执行以下步骤：确定冗余因子和冗余度，所述冗余因子指示需要冗余传输的数据所占的比例，所述冗余度指示冗余传输时重复传输的份数，根据所述冗余因子确定需要冗余传输的数据包；
所述通信接口902，用于执行以下步骤：按照所述冗余度指示的份数向目标端重复发送所述数据包。
可以理解，本申请实施例的计算机设备的功能可根据上述方法实施例中的方法具体实现，其具体实现过程可参照上述方法实施例中的相关描述，此处不再赘述。
本申请实施例计算机设备可以执行上述方法实施例所述的方法，并取得所述方法实施 例所能取得技术效果。
本申请实施例还提供存储一个或多个程序的计算机可读存储介质，所述一个或多个程序包括指令，所述指令当被包括一个或多个处理器的计算机设备执行时，使所述计算机设备执行如上述方法实施例所述的降低传输丢包率的方法。
在上述实施例中，对各个实施例的描述都各有侧重，某个实施例中没有详细描述的部分，可以参见其它实施例的相关描述。
需要说明的是，对于前述的各方法实施例，为了简单描述，故将其都表述为一系列的动作组合，但是本领域技术人员应该知悉，本申请并不受所描述动作顺序的限制，因为依据本申请，某些步骤可以采用其它顺序或者同时进行。其次，本领域技术人员也应该知悉，说明书中所描述的实施例均属于可选实施例，所涉及的动作和模块并不一定是本申请所必须的。
所属领域的技术人员可以清楚地了解到，为描述的方便和简洁，上述描述的系统，装置和单元的具体工作过程，可以参考前述方法实施例中的对应过程，在此不再赘述。
在本申请所提供的几个实施例中，应该理解到，所揭露的系统，装置和方法，可以通过其它的方式实现。例如，以上所描述的装置实施例仅仅是示意性的，例如，单元的划分，仅仅为一种逻辑功能划分，实际实现时可以有另外的划分方式，例如多个单元或组件可以结合或者可以集成到另一个系统，或一些特征可以忽略，或不执行。另一点，所显示或讨论的相互之间的耦合或直接耦合或通信连接可以是通过一些接口，装置或单元的间接耦合或通信连接，可以是电性，机械或其它的形式。
作为分离部件说明的单元可以是或者也可以不是物理上分开的，作为单元显示的部件可以是或者也可以不是物理单元，即可以位于一个地方，或者也可以分布到多个网络单元上。可以根据实际的需要选择其中的部分或者全部单元来实现本实施例方案的目的。
另外，在本申请各个实施例中的各功能单元可以集成在一个处理单元中，也可以是各个单元单独物理存在，也可以两个或两个以上单元集成在一个单元中。上述集成的单元既可以采用硬件的形式实现，也可以采用软件功能单元的形式实现。
集成的单元如果以软件功能单元的形式实现并作为独立的产品销售或使用时，可以存储在一个计算机可读取存储介质中。基于这样的理解，本申请的技术方案本质上或者说对现有技术做出贡献的部分或者该技术方案的全部或部分可以以软件产品的形式体现出来，该计算机软件产品存储在一个存储介质中，包括若干指令用以使得一台计算机设备(可以是个人计算机，服务器，或者网络设备等)执行本申请各个实施例方法的全部或部分步骤。而前述的存储介质包括：U盘、移动硬盘、只读存储器(ROM，Read-Only Memory)、随机存取存储器(RAM，Random Access Memory)、磁碟或者光盘等各种可以存储程序代码的介质。
以上对本申请实施例所提供的降低传输丢包率的方法和装置进行了详细介绍，本文中应用了具体个例对本申请的原理及实施方式进行了阐述，以上实施例的说明只是用于帮助理解本申请的方法及其核心思想；同时，对于本领域的一般技术人员，依据本申请的思想，在具体实施方式及应用范围上均会有改变之处，综上所述，本说明书内容不应理解为对本申请的限制。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种降低传输丢包率的方法，其特征在于，包括：
    源端确定冗余因子和冗余度，所述冗余因子指示需要冗余传输的数据所占的比例，所述冗余度指示冗余传输时重复传输的份数；
    根据所述冗余因子确定需要冗余传输的数据包；
    按照所述冗余度指示的份数向目标端重复发送所述数据包。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述按照所述冗余度指示的份数向目标端重复发送所述数据包之前，还包括：
    在需要冗余传输的数据包中添加特定的标识。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的方法，其特征在于，所述源端确定冗余因子和冗余度包括：
    源端获取丢包率，根据所述丢包率确定冗余度，所述冗余度与所述丢包率正相关。
  4. 根据权利要求1或2所述的方法，其特征在于，所述源端确定冗余因子和冗余度包括：
    源端获取传输拥塞程度，根据所述传输拥塞程度确定冗余因子，所述冗余因子与所述传输拥塞程度负相关。
  5. 根据权利要求1或2所述的方法，其特征在于，所述源端确定冗余因子和冗余度包括：
    源端获取丢包率和传输拥塞程度；
    根据所述丢包率和传输拥塞程度确定冗余度，所述冗余度与所述丢包率正相关且与所述传输拥塞程度负相关；
    根据所述丢包率和传输拥塞程度确定冗余因子，所述冗余因子与所述丢包率正相关且与所述传输拥塞程度负相关。
  6. 一种降低传输丢包率的装置，其特征在于，包括：
    确定模块，用于确定冗余因子和冗余度，所述冗余因子指示需要冗余传输的数据所占的比例，所述冗余度指示冗余传输时重复传输的份数；以及，根据所述冗余因子确定需要冗余传输的数据包；
    发送模块，用于按照所述冗余度指示的份数向目标端重复发送所述数据包。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的装置，其特征在于，还包括：
    标识处理模块，用于在需要冗余传输的数据包中添加特定的标识。
  8. 根据权利要求6或7所述的装置，其特征在于，所述确定模块包括：
    获取单元，用于获取丢包率；
    确定单元，用于根据所述丢包率确定冗余度，所述冗余度与所述丢包率正相关。
  9. 根据权利要求6或7所述的装置，其特征在于，所述确定模块包括：
    获取单元，用于获取传输拥塞程度；
    确定单元，用于根据所述传输拥塞程度确定冗余因子，所述冗余因子与所述传输拥塞程度负相关。
  10. 根据权利要求6或7所述的装置，其特征在于，所述确定模块包括：
    获取单元，用于获取丢包率和传输拥塞程度；
    确定单元，用于根据所述丢包率和传输拥塞程度确定冗余度，所述冗余度与所述丢包率正相关且与所述传输拥塞程度负相关；
    所述确定单元，还用于根据所述丢包率和传输拥塞程度确定冗余因子，所述冗余因子与所述丢包率正相关且与所述传输拥塞程度负相关。
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