WO2017166525A1 - 提供多媒体内容的方法、服务器和终端设备 - Google Patents

提供多媒体内容的方法、服务器和终端设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017166525A1
WO2017166525A1 PCT/CN2016/089539 CN2016089539W WO2017166525A1 WO 2017166525 A1 WO2017166525 A1 WO 2017166525A1 CN 2016089539 W CN2016089539 W CN 2016089539W WO 2017166525 A1 WO2017166525 A1 WO 2017166525A1
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Prior art keywords
content
download
download information
multimedia content
slice
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PCT/CN2016/089539
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
徐晓光
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乐视控股（北京）有限公司
乐视云计算有限公司
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Priority to US15/242,527 priority Critical patent/US20170289229A1/en
Publication of WO2017166525A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017166525A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/40—Client devices specifically adapted for the reception of or interaction with content, e.g. set-top-box [STB]; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/43—Processing of content or additional data, e.g. demultiplexing additional data from a digital video stream; Elementary client operations, e.g. monitoring of home network or synchronising decoder's clock; Client middleware
    • H04N21/438—Interfacing the downstream path of the transmission network originating from a server, e.g. retrieving MPEG packets from an IP network
    • H04N21/4385—Multiplex stream processing, e.g. multiplex stream decrypting
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/20—Servers specifically adapted for the distribution of content, e.g. VOD servers; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/23—Processing of content or additional data; Elementary server operations; Server middleware
    • H04N21/238—Interfacing the downstream path of the transmission network, e.g. adapting the transmission rate of a video stream to network bandwidth; Processing of multiplex streams
    • H04N21/2389—Multiplex stream processing, e.g. multiplex stream encrypting
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/60—Network structure or processes for video distribution between server and client or between remote clients; Control signalling between clients, server and network components; Transmission of management data between server and client, e.g. sending from server to client commands for recording incoming content stream; Communication details between server and client 
    • H04N21/63—Control signaling related to video distribution between client, server and network components; Network processes for video distribution between server and clients or between remote clients, e.g. transmitting basic layer and enhancement layers over different transmission paths, setting up a peer-to-peer communication via Internet between remote STB's; Communication protocols; Addressing
    • H04N21/631—Multimode Transmission, e.g. transmitting basic layers and enhancement layers of the content over different transmission paths or transmitting with different error corrections, different keys or with different transmission protocols
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/60—Network structure or processes for video distribution between server and client or between remote clients; Control signalling between clients, server and network components; Transmission of management data between server and client, e.g. sending from server to client commands for recording incoming content stream; Communication details between server and client 
    • H04N21/63—Control signaling related to video distribution between client, server and network components; Network processes for video distribution between server and clients or between remote clients, e.g. transmitting basic layer and enhancement layers over different transmission paths, setting up a peer-to-peer communication via Internet between remote STB's; Communication protocols; Addressing
    • H04N21/643—Communication protocols
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/80—Generation or processing of content or additional data by content creator independently of the distribution process; Content per se
    • H04N21/83—Generation or processing of protective or descriptive data associated with content; Content structuring
    • H04N21/845—Structuring of content, e.g. decomposing content into time segments
    • H04N21/8456—Structuring of content, e.g. decomposing content into time segments by decomposing the content in the time domain, e.g. in time segments

Definitions

  • the present patent application relates to a technology for network multimedia content acceleration, and in particular, to a method, a server and a terminal device for providing multimedia content.
  • HLS HTTP Live Streaming
  • M3U8 list index file
  • the response speed of the player has a great influence on the user experience.
  • the broadcast speed is fast, and the user's experience is better; if it is necessary to wait for a dozen seconds, the first frame can be seen, and the user's experience is not good.
  • the embodiments disclosed in some embodiments of the present invention provide a method, a server, and a terminal device for providing multimedia content, which can improve the playback speed of multimedia files.
  • an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a method for providing multimedia content, the method comprising: receiving a download request of a multimedia content from a client; generating a predetermined first number of download information items according to the download request, each downloading The information items respectively include download addresses of the content slices of the multimedia content, and the content slice of the predetermined first number is the content slice of the first number of the multimedia content; the first number of download information items are sent to the client.
  • the predetermined first number of download information entries are generated based on the download request
  • the processing includes: generating a second number of download information items according to the download request, the content slice indicated by the second number of download information items constitutes the entire content of the multimedia content; and selecting the starting content from the second number of download information items A number of download information entries.
  • the method further comprises: after the predetermined first duration, transmitting the remaining download information entries of the second number of download information entries after the first number of download information entries are sent one or more times. To the client.
  • the method further comprises: after the predetermined second duration, generating a third number of download information entries according to the download request, the sum of the third number and the first number being the total of the content slices of the multimedia content The number, and the download information entry of the third number is sent to the client one or more times.
  • the content slice is a transport stream slice based on an HTTP live stream
  • the download information entry is an entry in the M3U8 index.
  • a method of providing multimedia content comprising: transmitting a download request of a multimedia content to a server; receiving a predetermined first number of download information items, each download information item including a multimedia content a downloading address of the content slice, the content slice of the first predetermined number is a content slice of the first number of the multimedia content; downloading the corresponding content slice according to the download information entry of the first number; performing the slice of the downloaded content Splicing and playing the spliced content slice.
  • the method further comprises: receiving the remaining download information items, the remaining download information items respectively including download addresses of the content slices of the multimedia content except the content slice starting the first number, according to the remaining downloads The information item downloads the corresponding content slice separately.
  • the content slice is a transport stream slice based on an HTTP live stream
  • the download information entry is an entry in the M3U8 index.
  • a server for providing multimedia content includes: a request receiving module, configured to receive a download request of the multimedia content; and an entry generating module, configured to generate a predetermined first number according to the download request Downloading the information item, each download information item respectively includes a download address of the content slice of the multimedia content, the content slice of the predetermined first number is a content slice of the first number of the multimedia content, and the sending module is configured to generate the first A number of download information items are sent to the client.
  • the entry generation module is configured to generate a second number according to the download request Downloading the information item, the content slice indicated by the second number of download information items constitutes the entire content of the multimedia content, and the item generating module intercepts the first number of download information items of the first number from the second number of download information items; or The item generation module is configured to generate a download information entry of the first number and then generate a third number of download information items, and the sum of the third number and the first number is the total number of content slices of the multimedia content.
  • the download information entry generated by the entry generation module is an entry in the M3U8 index.
  • a terminal device for providing multimedia content includes: a request sending module, configured to send a download request of the multimedia content; and a download item receiving module, configured to receive the first number of download information.
  • the entry, each download information item respectively includes a download address of the content slice of the multimedia content, the content slice of the first number is a content slice of the first number of the multimedia content, and the download processing module is configured to download according to the first number
  • the information items respectively download corresponding content slices, and splicing the downloaded content slices; and the playing module is configured to play the multimedia content spliced by the download processing module.
  • the download item receiving module is further configured to receive the remaining download information items, where the remaining download information items respectively include download addresses of the content slices of the multimedia content except the content slice of the first one;
  • the processing module is further configured to separately download the corresponding content slice according to the remaining download information items.
  • the content slice is a transport stream slice based on an HTTP live stream
  • the download information entry is an entry in the M3U8 index.
  • the method for providing multimedia content provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure, by slicing the multimedia content and using the download information item to store the download address of the content slice, when the client sends the download request, the content corresponding to the first number of the first slice is sliced.
  • the download information item is sent to the client to improve the receiving and processing speed of the client, thereby achieving the purpose of fast start-up.
  • FIG. 1 is a flowchart of a method of providing multimedia content according to a first embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 2 is a flowchart of a method of providing multimedia content according to a second embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 3 is a flowchart of a method of providing multimedia content according to a third embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 4 is a flowchart of a method of providing multimedia content according to a fourth embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 5 is a flowchart of a method for providing multimedia content according to a fifth embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a server and a terminal device for providing multimedia content according to a sixth embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a server providing multimedia content according to a sixth embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a terminal device for providing multimedia content according to a sixth embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • 300 server; 310, request receiving module; 320, item generating module; 330, sending module; 400, client; 410, request sending module; 420, download item receiving module; 430, download processing module; 440, play module.
  • the basic disclosure of the present disclosure is to provide a method for playing multimedia content.
  • the server when receiving the playback request, the server only slices the content of the initial portion of the requested multimedia content.
  • the download information entry (rather than the download information entry for all content slices) is sent to the playback client, so that the playback client starts downloading the multimedia content for playback as soon as possible, reducing the cost of downloading and parsing the download information entry at the time of the broadcast. Time to improve the speed of client reception and processing, so as to achieve fast start-up.
  • FIG. 1 is a flowchart of a method for providing multimedia content according to the present disclosure.
  • the execution body of the method may be a device having a data processing function, and the device may be a standalone device or may be integrated in a server.
  • step S110 a download request of multimedia content is received from a client.
  • the multimedia content can be video, audio or audio and video.
  • the user When the user uses the terminal device, the user will give an instruction to the client through the input device, such as playing a video. After receiving these instructions, the client will process according to the requirements of the instructions, for example, to find resources locally or send download requests for multimedia content to the server. This download request is transmitted to the server over the network and received by the server.
  • step S120 a predetermined first number of download information items are generated according to the download request, each download information item respectively includes a download address of the content slice of the multimedia content, and the predetermined first number of content slices is the first start of the multimedia content. The number of content slices.
  • the server When the server receives the download request, it will respond to the download request, as Download requests to find multimedia content, etc.
  • the server does not directly feed the multimedia content to the client, but sends the download address of the multimedia content to the client.
  • the multimedia content transmission between the server and the client is based on an HTTP live stream, ie, the HLS protocol.
  • the multimedia content is transmitted based on the protocol, the multimedia content is sliced to become a multimedia content composed of a plurality of content slices according to a time sequence.
  • a predetermined first number of download information items are generated according to the download request.
  • Each download information entry includes a download address of a content slice, and the content slice corresponding to the download information entry of the first number is a content slice of the first number of the start of the multimedia content.
  • the first number is 10.
  • the 10 download information items correspond to the first 10 content slices of the multimedia content.
  • step S130 the first number of download information items are sent to the client.
  • the server can send the first number of download information items to the client after they have been generated.
  • the server In the case of the HLS-based protocol, the server generates an index of the M3U8 and sends the index of the M3U8 to the client.
  • the entry in the M3U8 index is the download information entry for the first number.
  • the size of the slice index received by the client at the time of starting the broadcast can be reduced, thereby improving the receiving speed of the client and the processing speed of the index, and the server
  • the response time interval for download requests is also smaller, further reducing the time taken from the user to issue an instruction to the client to respond to the instruction. As a result, the user can wait less time and the user experience is better.
  • Embodiment 2 is a flow chart of a method of providing multimedia content of the present disclosure.
  • Embodiment 2 shows an exemplary process of generating a download information entry of the first number in step S120.
  • step S121 a second number of download information items are generated according to the download request, and the content slice indicated by the second number of download information items constitutes the entire content of the multimedia content. That is to say, a download information entry for downloading all the content slices constituting the requested multimedia content is generated here at one time.
  • the server allocates resources of the download node server to the client, and then according to the length of the multimedia content (or file size, etc.)
  • the content is sliced and a download information entry is generated for the download address of all content slices, where the number of all download information entries is the second number.
  • step S122 the download information entry generated for the multimedia content start portion of the first number is selected from the second number of download information items.
  • the first number of download information items of the first number may be selected from the second number of download information items and an M3U8 index is generated. Then step S130 is performed to enable the client to receive and parse the download information items as soon as possible, and start downloading the original content slice.
  • the method further includes step S140: after the predetermined first duration, the download information entries remaining after the first number of download information entries are removed from the second number of download information entries are divided into one or more times. Sent to the client.
  • the subsequent content slice can be downloaded and cached by the playing time, so that the user does not feel the waiting time. Make the user feel that the playback of multimedia content is continuous.
  • the remaining download information items except the first number of download information items may be sent to the client once according to their specific size and the load capacity of the server (ie, generate an M3U8 index) or multiple times (ie, generate multiple M3U8 indexes). end. Thereby, all download information items for downloading the multimedia content can be sent to the client, so that the client can download and play the complete multimedia content.
  • step S150 is also performed.
  • step S150 after a predetermined second duration, a third number of download information items are generated according to the download request, and the sum of the third number and the first number is the total number of content slices of the multimedia content, And the third number of download information items are sent to the client one or more times.
  • the download information item can be generated by the download address corresponding to the remaining content slice of the multimedia content, so as to ensure that the client can perform complete multimedia content play.
  • the download information entry of the third number may be sent to the client according to its specific size and the load capacity of the server once (ie, generating an M3U8 index) or multiple times (ie, generating multiple M3U8 indexes). Enables the client to play full multimedia content.
  • FIG. 4 is a flow chart of a method of providing multimedia content of the present disclosure. In this embodiment, the client is described in detail.
  • step S210 a download request of the multimedia content is transmitted to the server.
  • the client playing the application sends a download request for the multimedia content (audio, video, audio, video, etc.) to the server according to the instruction.
  • the download request can be a play request or the like.
  • step S220 a predetermined first number of download information items are received, each of the download information items respectively including a download address of the content slice of the multimedia content, and the predetermined first number of content slices is the first number of the multimedia content.
  • the server returns the first number of download information entries based on the download request.
  • the client receives the download information entry of the first number, and obtains the download address of the content slice of the first number from the download information entry of the first number.
  • the content slice of the first number should be the content slice of the first number of the beginning of the multimedia content (ie, the first to the first number). If the first number is 10, then the first content slice should be sliced to the 10th content slice.
  • step S230 the corresponding content slice is respectively downloaded according to the download information entry of the first number.
  • the client After receiving the first number of download information items, the client processes the first number of download information items, such as parsing, decrypting, and the like.
  • the final implementation downloads the content slice based on the download information entry.
  • step S240 the downloaded content slice is stitched, and the stitched content slice is played.
  • the content slice After downloading to the content slice, the content slice is spliced to make it a file that can be played, and the spliced content slice is played.
  • step S250 and step S260 are performed.
  • step S250 the remaining download information items are received, and the remaining download information items respectively include download addresses of the content slices of the multimedia content except the content slice starting the first number.
  • the server will cut the remaining content.
  • the download information entry corresponding to the slice is sent to the client one or more times.
  • the client receives the remaining download information entries.
  • step S260 the corresponding content slice is separately downloaded according to the remaining download information items.
  • the client After receiving the remaining download information items, the client processes it and finally obtains the corresponding content slice.
  • the content slices can then be stitched, stored, read, and played as needed.
  • the content slice is a transport stream slice based on an HTTP live stream (HLS protocol), and the download information entry is an entry in the M3U8 index.
  • HLS protocol HTTP live stream
  • the client receives, it receives the index of M3U8.
  • the M3U8 index includes a download information entry of the first number or a download information entry of the remaining number.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a server and a terminal device for providing multimedia content according to the present disclosure.
  • the client 400 is a playback application set on the terminal device.
  • the server 300 is a cloud server.
  • the playback application of the client 400 includes a playback module for playing multimedia content and a proxy control module (CDE module Cloud Data Entry) for data transmission and processing with the cloud.
  • the server 300 includes a plurality of server nodes (CDNs) and a dispatch server.
  • CDNs server nodes
  • the client 400 transmits the request to one of the server nodes of the server 300, and the server node transmits the request to the dispatching server, and the dispatching server sends the download information item to the client 400 according to the method for providing the multimedia content according to the request, by the client. 400 for receiving and processing.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a server for providing multimedia content according to the present disclosure.
  • a server providing multimedia content includes a request receiving module 310, an entry generating module 320, and a transmitting module 330.
  • the request receiving module 310 is configured to receive a download request of the multimedia content, which may be set on any server node or may be set on the scheduling server.
  • the item generating module 320 is configured to generate a predetermined first number of download information items according to the download request, each download information item respectively includes a download address of the content slice of the multimedia content, and the predetermined first number of content slices is the multimedia content start A slice of the content of a number.
  • the item generating module 320 is disposed on the scheduling server in the embodiment, and performs resource allocation according to the load and resource status of each server node of the entire cloud server, and according to the server.
  • the transport protocol with the client generates a corresponding download information entry including the download address of the content slice. Since the present embodiment is based on the HLS protocol, the entry generation module 320 generates an M3U8 index including a download information entry.
  • the entry generation module 320 can be located on any of the server nodes.
  • the form of the download information item is also not limited to the M3U8 index.
  • the sending module 330 is configured to send the generated first number of download information items to the client.
  • the manner in which the entry generation module 320 generates the first number of download information items may be various, for example, it may generate a second number of download information items according to the download request, and the second number of download information items indicate the content slice composition.
  • the first number of download information items can also be the first number of download information items to generate a third number of download information items, and the sum of the third number and the first number is the total number of content slices of the multimedia content. .
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a terminal device for providing multimedia content according to the present disclosure.
  • a terminal device for providing multimedia content includes a request sending module 410, a download item receiving module 420, a download processing module 430, and a playing module 440.
  • the request sending module 410 is configured to send a download request of the multimedia content.
  • the request sending module 410 is set in the CDE module of the client. It sends different requests according to user instructions.
  • the download item receiving module 420 is configured to receive a first number of download information items, each of the download information items respectively including a download address of the content slice of the multimedia content, and the predetermined first number of content slices is the first number of the multimedia content start Sliced content. It is also set in the client's CDE module.
  • the download processing module 430 is configured to download the corresponding content slice according to the first number of download information items after the download item receiving module 420 receives the download information item, and splicing the downloaded content slice. For example, after the download item receiving module 420 receives the M3U8 index, it is processed by the download processing module 430, and the content slice is downloaded according to the download address in the M3U8 index, and each content slice is processed by using the timeline description in the M3U8 index. .
  • the playing module 440 is configured to play the multimedia content spliced by the download processing module 430.
  • the download processing module 430 transmits the processed multimedia content to the playing module 440, and the playing module 440 performs processing such as decoding to implement playback.
  • the download item receiving module 420 is further configured to receive the download information items except the first number.
  • the remaining download information items, the remaining download information items respectively include the download addresses of the content slices of the multimedia content except the content slice of the first one.
  • the download processing module 430 is further configured to separately download the corresponding content slice according to the remaining download information items. If the remaining content slices downloaded by the download processing module 430 are not used for playback, the content slices are first stored.
  • the first few entries in the generated M3U8 index are simply sent to the client first on the server side, instead of sending all the entries to the client at one time, Improve the client's speed of launching multimedia content and improve the user experience. It should be noted that this method is especially suitable for the on-demand process.

Abstract

本发明实施例公开提供一种提供多媒体内容的方法、服务器和终端设备。该提供多媒体内容的方法包括：从客户端接收多媒体内容的下载请求；根据下载请求生成预定的第一个数的下载信息条目，各下载信息条目分别包括多媒体内容的内容切片的下载地址，预定的第一个数的内容切片是多媒体内容起始第一个数的内容切片；将第一个数的下载信息条目发送给客户端。采用此种方法可以提高多媒体内容的起播速度。

Description

提供多媒体内容的方法、服务器和终端设备
本申请要求于2016年03月31日提交中国专利局、申请号为201610201857.9的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本专利申请公开涉及网络多媒体内容加速的技术，尤其涉及一种提供多媒体内容的方法、服务器和终端设备。
背景技术
HLS(HTTP Live Streaming)是一种动态码率自适应技术。其主要应用在流媒体播放领域。在基于HLS的音视频服务中，服务器端提供索引文件(M3U8列表)，对媒体内容进行切片和加密。客户端进行流媒体的播放时，其从服务器获得索引文件，并通过对该索引文件的解析获得文件切片，最终进行播放。
在音视频内容播放的过程中，播放器的响应速度对用户体验有较大影响。尤其是，在启动播放时，起播速度快，用户的体验较好；如果需要等候十几秒钟，才能够看到第一帧，用户的体验不佳。
发明内容
本发明部分实施例公开的实施例提供一种提供多媒体内容的方法、服务器和终端设备，可提高多媒体文件播放速度。
为达到上述目的，本公开的实施例提供了一种提供多媒体内容的方法，方法包括：从客户端接收多媒体内容的下载请求；根据下载请求生成预定的第一个数的下载信息条目，各下载信息条目分别包括多媒体内容的内容切片的下载地址，预定的第一个数的内容切片是多媒体内容起始第一个数的内容切片；将第一个数的下载信息条目发送给客户端。
在一个实施例中，根据下载请求生成预定的第一个数下载信息条目 的处理包括：根据下载请求生成第二个数的下载信息条目，第二个数的下载信息条目指示的内容切片构成多媒体内容的全部内容；从第二个数的下载信息条目选取起始的第一个数的下载信息条目。
在一个实施例中，方法还包括：在预定的第一时长后，将第二个数的下载信息条目当中除去第一个数的下载信息条目后剩余的下载信息条目分一次或多次地发送给客户端。
在一个实施例中，方法还包括：在预定的第二时长后，根据下载请求生成第三个数的下载信息条目，第三个数和第一个数的和为多媒体内容的内容切片的总个数，并且将第三个数的下载信息条目分一次或多次地发送给客户端。
在一个实施例中，内容切片是基于HTTP实时流的传输流切片，下载信息条目是M3U8索引中的条目。
根据本公开的另一方面，提供一种提供多媒体内容的方法，方法包括：向服务器发送多媒体内容的下载请求；接收预定的第一个数的下载信息条目，各下载信息条目分别包括多媒体内容的内容切片的下载地址，预定的第一个数的内容切片是多媒体内容起始第一个数的内容切片；根据第一个数的下载信息条目分别下载相应的内容切片；对下载的内容切片进行拼接，并播放拼接的内容切片。
在一个实施例中，方法还包括：接收剩余的下载信息条目，剩余的下载信息条目分别包括多媒体内容的除起始第一个数的内容切片之外的内容切片的下载地址，根据剩余的下载信息条目分别下载相应的内容切片。
在一个实施例中，内容切片是基于HTTP实时流的传输流切片，下载信息条目是M3U8索引中的条目。
根据本公开的另一方面，提供一种提供多媒体内容的服务器，服务器包括：请求接收模块，用于接收多媒体内容的下载请求；条目生成模块，用于根据下载请求生成预定的第一个数的下载信息条目，各下载信息条目分别包括多媒体内容的内容切片的下载地址，预定的第一个数的内容切片是多媒体内容起始第一个数的内容切片；发送模块，用于将生成的第一个数的下载信息条目发送给客户端。
在一个实施例中，条目生成模块用于根据下载请求生成第二个数的 下载信息条目，第二个数的下载信息条目指示的内容切片构成多媒体内容的全部内容，条目生成模块从第二个数的下载信息条目中截取起始的第一个数的下载信息条目；或条目生成模块用于生成第一个数的下载信息条目后再生成第三个数的下载信息条目，第三个数和第一个数的和为多媒体内容的内容切片的总个数。
在一个实施例中，条目生成模块生成的下载信息条目为M3U8索引中的条目。
根据本公开的另一方面，提供一种提供多媒体内容的终端设备，终端设备包括：请求发送模块，用于发送多媒体内容的下载请求；下载条目接收模块，用于接收第一个数的下载信息条目，各下载信息条目分别包括多媒体内容的内容切片的下载地址，第一个数的内容切片是多媒体内容起始第一个数的内容切片；下载处理模块，用于根据第一个数的下载信息条目分别下载相应的内容切片，并且对下载的内容切片进行拼接；播放模块，用于播放经过下载处理模块拼接的多媒体内容。
在一个实施例中，下载条目接收模块还用于接收剩余的下载信息条目，剩余的下载信息条目分别包括多媒体内容的除起始第一个数的内容切片之外的内容切片的下载地址；下载处理模块还用于根据剩余的下载信息条目分别下载相应的内容切片。
在一个实施例中，内容切片是基于HTTP实时流的传输流切片，下载信息条目是M3U8索引中的条目。
本公开实施例提供的提供多媒体内容的方法，通过将多媒体内容进行切片，并利用下载信息条目存储内容切片的下载地址，当客户端发出下载请求时，将对应起始第一个数的内容切片的下载信息条目发送给客户端，以提高客户端接收和处理速度，进而实现快速起播的目的。
附图说明
图1为本公开的第一实施例的提供多媒体内容的方法的流程图；
图2为本公开的第二实施例的提供多媒体内容的方法的流程图；
图3为本公开的第三实施例的提供多媒体内容的方法的流程图；
图4为本公开的第四实施例的提供多媒体内容的方法的流程图；
图5为本公开的第五实施例的提供多媒体内容的方法的流程图；
图6为本公开的第六实施例的提供多媒体内容的服务器和终端设备的示意图；
图7为本公开的第六实施例的提供多媒体内容的服务器的示意图；
图8为本公开的第六实施例的提供多媒体内容的终端设备的示意图。
附图标记说明：
300、服务器；310、请求接收模块；320、条目生成模块；330、发送模块；400、客户端；410、请求发送模块；420、下载条目接收模块；430、下载处理模块；440、播放模块。
具体实施例
本公开的基本公开构思是，提供一种多媒体内容的播放方式，在用户发起多媒体内容的播放请求时，服务器端在收到该播放请求时，仅将请求的多媒体内容的起始部分的内容切片的下载信息条目(而不是全部内容切片的下载信息条目)发送给播放客户端，以使播放客户端尽快开始下载多媒体内容进行播放，降低在起播时用于下载和解析下载信息条目所耗费的时间，以提高客户端接收和处理速度，进而实现快速起播的目的。
实施例一
图1为本公开的提供多媒体内容的方法的流程图，该方法的执行主体可以为具有数据处理功能的装置，该装置可以为独立装置，也可以集成在服务器中。
参照图1，在步骤S110，从客户端接收多媒体内容的下载请求。
该多媒体内容可以是视频、音频或音视频等。用户在使用终端设备时，会通过输入设备向客户端下达指令，如播放视频等。客户端接收这些指令后会根据指令的要求进行处理，例如，在本地寻找资源或向服务器发送多媒体内容的下载请求。这一下载请求通过网络传输至服务器被服务器接收。
在步骤S120，根据下载请求生成预定的第一个数的下载信息条目，各下载信息条目分别包括多媒体内容的内容切片的下载地址，预定的第一个数的内容切片是多媒体内容起始第一个数的内容切片。
当服务器接收到下载请求后，会对这一下载请求进行响应，如根据 下载请求寻找多媒体内容等。通常为了保证多媒体内容传输的可靠性，同时提高服务器的负载能力，服务器并不直接将多媒体内容反馈给客户端，而是将多媒体内容的下载地址发送给客户端。
在本实施例中，服务器与客户端之间的多媒体内容传输是基于HTTP实时流也即HLS协议。在基于此协议进行多媒体内容的传输时，将多媒体内容进行切片处理，使之成为由多个内容切片依据时间顺序组成的多媒体内容。服务器接收到的下载请求后，根据该下载请求生成预定的第一个数的下载信息条目。其中，每个下载信息条目均包括一个内容切片的下载地址，且该第一个数的下载信息条目对应的内容切片是该多媒体内容的起始第一个数的内容切片。例如，第一个数为10个。则这10个下载信息条目对应多媒体内容的前10个内容切片。
在步骤S130，将第一个数的下载信息条目发送给客户端。
例如，服务器可在生成第一个数的下载信息条目后，将其发送给客户端。
在基于HLS协议的情况下，服务器生成一个M3U8的索引，并将该M3U8的索引发送给客户端。该M3U8索引中的条目即为该第一个数的下载信息条目。
通过将多媒体内容的起始内容切片所对应的下载地址先行发送给客户端可以减少客户端在起播时接收的切片索引的大小，进而提高客户端的接收速度和对索引的处理速度，而且服务端在对下载请求的响应时间间隔也更小，进一步减少了从用户下达指令到客户端响应指令所用的时间。由此，可使得用户等待的时间更少，用户体验更好。
实施例二
图2本公开的提供多媒体内容的方法的流程图。实施例二示出在步骤S120中生成第一个数的下载信息条目的示例性处理。
在步骤S121，根据下载请求生成第二个数的下载信息条目，第二个数的下载信息条目指示的内容切片构成多媒体内容的全部内容。也就是说，在此一次性地生成用于下载构成请求的多媒体内容的全部内容切片的下载信息条目。
具体地，服务器在接收到下载请求后，为客户端分配下载节点服务器的资源，再根据多媒体内容的时间长度(或文件大小等)对多媒体内 容进行切片，并为所有内容切片的下载地址生成下载信息条目，在此，全部下载信息条目的数量为第二个数。
在步骤S122，从第二个数的下载信息条目选取第一个数的为多媒体内容起始部分生成的下载信息条目。
例如，在生成第二个数的下载信息条目后，可从该第二个数的下载信息条目中选取起始的第一个数的下载信息条目并生成一个M3U8索引。之后进行步骤S130，以使客户端尽快接收和解析这些下载信息条目，并开始下载起始的内容切片。
在此基础上，该方法还包括步骤S140：在预定的第一时长后，将第二个数的下载信息条目当中除去第一个数的下载信息条目后剩余的下载信息条目分一次或多次地发送给客户端。
在多媒体文件起播后，可以利用播放的时间对后续的内容切片进行下载和缓存，这样用户不会感受到等待的时间。使用户感觉多媒体内容的播放是连续的。除第一个数的下载信息条目之外的剩余的下载信息条目可以根据其具体大小和服务器的负载能力分一次(即生成一个M3U8索引)或多次(即生成多个M3U8索引)发送给客户端。由此，可将用于下载多媒体内容的全部下载信息条目发送给客户端，使客户端可以下载和播放完整的多媒体内容。
实施例三
图3为本公开的提供多媒体内容的方法的流程图。在本实施例中，在实施例一的基础上，在步骤S120和步骤S130之后，还执行步骤S150的处理。
具体地，在步骤S150，在预定的第二时长后，根据下载请求生成第三个数的下载信息条目，第三个数和第一个数的和为多媒体内容的内容切片的总个数，并且将第三个数的下载信息条目分一次或多次地发送给客户端。
以此可以将多媒体内容的剩余的内容切片对应的下载地址生成下载信息条目，以保证客户端可以进行完整的多媒体内容播放。
第三个数的下载信息条目可以根据其具体大小和服务器的负载能力分一次(即生成一个M3U8索引)或多次(即生成多个M3U8索引)发送给客户端。使客户端可以播放完整的多媒体内容。
实施例四
图4为本公开的提供多媒体内容的方法的流程图。在本实施例中，对客户端进行详细说明。
在步骤S210，向服务器发送多媒体内容的下载请求。
用户对播放应用下达指令后，播放应用的客户端根据此指令向服务器发送多媒体内容(音频、视频、音视频等)的下载请求。该下载请求可以是播放请求等。
在步骤S220，接收预定的第一个数的下载信息条目，各下载信息条目分别包括多媒体内容的内容切片的下载地址，预定的第一个数的内容切片是多媒体内容起始第一个数的内容切片。
服务器根据该下载请求返回第一个数的下载信息条目。客户端接收该第一个数的下载信息条目，并从该第一个数的下载信息条目中获取第一个数的内容切片的下载地址。该第一个数的内容切片应为多媒体内容的起始第一个数的内容切片(即为第一个至第一个数个)。若，第一个数为10，则应为第1个内容切片至第10个内容切片。
在步骤S230，根据第一个数的下载信息条目分别下载相应的内容切片。
客户端接收到第一个数的下载信息条目后，对第一个数的下载信息条目进行处理，如对其进行解析、解密等。最终实现根据下载信息条目下载内容切片。
在步骤S240，对下载的内容切片进行拼接，并播放拼接的内容切片。
下载到内容切片后，对内容切片进行拼接，使之成为可以被播放的文件，并对拼接后的内容切片进行播放。
实施例五
图5为本公开的提供多媒体内容的方法的流程图。在本实施例中，客户端下载第一个数的内容切片，并对第一个数的内容切片进行播放后，执行步骤S250和步骤S260的处理。
具体地，在步骤S250，接收剩余的下载信息条目，剩余的下载信息条目分别包括多媒体内容的除起始第一个数的内容切片之外的内容切片的下载地址。
为保证多媒体内容可以连续完整的播放，服务器会将剩余的内容切 片所对应的下载信息条目分一次或多次发送给客户端。客户端接收剩余的下载信息条目。
在步骤S260，根据剩余的下载信息条目分别下载相应的内容切片。
客户端接收剩余的下载信息条目后，对其进行处理，最终获取相应的内容切片。之后可以根据需要对内容切片进行拼接、存储、读取和播放等处理。
在本实施例中，内容切片是基于HTTP实时流(HLS协议)的传输流切片，下载信息条目是M3U8索引中的条目。客户端在接收时，接收的是M3U8的索引。该M3U8索引中包含有第一个数的下载信息条目、或剩余个数的下载信息条目。
实施例六
图6为本公开的提供多媒体内容的服务器和终端设备的示意图。在本实施例中，客户端400为设置在终端设备上的播放应用。服务器300为云端服务器。通常情况下，客户端400的播放应用包括用于进行多媒体内容播放的播放模块和用于与云端进行数据传输和处理的代理控件模块(CDE模块Cloud Data Entry)。服务器300包括多个服务器节点(CDN)和调度服务器。
客户端400将请求传输至服务器300的其中一个服务器节点上，由该服务器节点传输至调度服务器，调度服务器根据请求通过上述的提供多媒体内容的方法将下载信息条目发送给客户端400，由客户端400进行接收和处理。
具体地，图7为本公开的提供多媒体内容的服务器的示意图。如图7所示，一种提供多媒体内容的服务器包括请求接收模块310、条目生成模块320和发送模块330。
其中，请求接收模块310用于接收多媒体内容的下载请求，其可以设置在任一服务器节点上，也可以设置在调度服务器上。
条目生成模块320用于根据下载请求生成预定第一个数的下载信息条目，各下载信息条目分别包括多媒体内容的内容切片的下载地址，预定的第一个数的内容切片是多媒体内容起始第一个数的内容切片。该条目生成模块320在本实施例中设置在调度服务器上，其根据整个云端服务器的各个服务器节点的负载和资源情况进行资源分配，并根据服务器 与客户端之间的传输协议生成对应的包括有内容切片的下载地址的下载信息条目。由于本实施例中是基于HLS协议，因此条目生成模块320生成的是包括下载信息条目的M3U8索引。
当然，在其他实施例中，条目生成模块320可以设置在任一服务器节点上。下载信息条目的形式也不限于M3U8索引。
发送模块330用于将生成的第一个数的下载信息条目发送给客户端。
条目生成模块320生成第一个数的下载信息条目的方式可以有多种，例如：其可以根据下载请求生成第二个数的下载信息条目，第二个数的下载信息条目指示的内容切片构成多媒体内容的全部内容，之后条目生成模块从第二个数的下载信息条目中截取起始的第一个数的下载信息条目。
当然，其也可以先生成第一个数的下载信息条目后再生成第三个数的下载信息条目，并使第三个数和第一个数的和为多媒体内容的内容切片的总个数。
图8为本公开的提供多媒体内容的终端设备的示意图。如图8所示，一种提供多媒体内容的终端设备，装置包括请求发送模块410、下载条目接收模块420、下载处理模块430和播放模块440。
其中，请求发送模块410用于发送多媒体内容的下载请求。请求发送模块410设置在客户端的CDE模块中。其根据用户指令发送不同的请求。
下载条目接收模块420用于接收第一个数的下载信息条目，各下载信息条目分别包括多媒体内容的内容切片的下载地址，预定的第一个数的内容切片是多媒体内容起始第一个数的内容切片。其也设置在客户端的CDE模块中。
下载处理模块430用于在下载条目接收模块420接收到下载信息条目后，根据第一个数的下载信息条目分别下载相应的内容切片，并且对下载的内容切片进行拼接。例如，下载条目接收模块420接收到M3U8索引之后，由下载处理模块430对其进行处理，并根据M3U8索引中的下载地址下载内容切片，且利用M3U8索引中的时间线说明对各内容切片进行处理。
播放模块440用于播放经过下载处理模块430拼接的多媒体内容。 下载处理模块430将处理后的多媒体内容传输给播放模块440，播放模块440对其进行解码等处理，实现播放。
由于条目生成模块320将一个多媒体内容进行了切片处理，且将全部内容切片的下载信息条目分为至少两次发送，因此，下载条目接收模块420还用于接收除第一个数的下载信息条目之外剩余的下载信息条目，剩余的下载信息条目分别包括多媒体内容的除起始第一个数的内容切片之外的内容切片的下载地址。
下载处理模块430还用于根据剩余的下载信息条目分别下载相应的内容切片。若下载处理模块430下载的剩余的内容切片未被播放使用，则先将这些内容切片进行存储。
由此，在基于HLS协议进行的多媒体传输过程中，通过在服务器端简单地将生成的M3U8索引中的最初若干条目先发送给客户端，而不是一次将全部条目发送给客户端，可显著地提高客户端对多媒体内容的起播速度，提高用户体验。需要说明的是，此方法尤其适用于点播过程。
以上所述，仅为本公开的具体实施例，但本公开的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本公开揭露的技术范围内，可轻易想到变化或替换，都应涵盖在本公开的保护范围之内。因此，本公开的保护范围应以所述权利要求的保护范围为准。

Claims (14)

  1. 一种提供多媒体内容的方法，包括：
    从客户端接收多媒体内容的下载请求；
    根据所述下载请求生成预定的第一个数的下载信息条目，各所述下载信息条目分别包括所述多媒体内容的内容切片的下载地址，所述预定的第一个数的内容切片是所述多媒体内容起始第一个数的内容切片；
    将所述第一个数的下载信息条目发送给所述客户端。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中，所述根据所述下载请求生成预定的第一个数下载信息条目的处理包括：
    根据所述下载请求生成第二个数的下载信息条目，所述第二个数的下载信息条目指示的内容切片构成所述多媒体内容的全部内容；
    从所述第二个数的下载信息条目选取起始的所述第一个数的下载信息条目。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的方法，其中，所述方法还包括：
    在预定的第一时长后，将所述第二个数的下载信息条目当中除去所述第一个数的下载信息条目后剩余的下载信息条目分一次或多次地发送给所述客户端。
  4. 根据权利要求1至3中任意一项所述的方法，其中，所述方法还包括：
    在预定的第二时长后，根据所述下载请求生成第三个数的下载信息条目，所述第三个数和第一个数的和为所述多媒体内容的内容切片的总个数，并且将所述第三个数的下载信息条目分一次或多次地发送给所述客户端。
  5. 根据权利要求1～4中任一项所述的方法，其中，所述内容切片是基于HTTP实时流的传输流切片，所述下载信息条目是M3U8索引中的条目。
  6. 一种提供多媒体内容的方法，包括：
    向服务器发送多媒体内容的下载请求；
    接收预定的第一个数的下载信息条目，各所述下载信息条目分别包括所述多媒体内容的内容切片的下载地址，所述预定的第一个数的内容切片是所述多媒体内容起始第一个数的内容切片；
    根据所述第一个数的下载信息条目分别下载相应的内容切片；
    对下载的内容切片进行拼接，并播放拼接的内容切片。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的方法，其中，所述方法还包括：
    接收剩余的下载信息条目，所述剩余的下载信息条目分别包括所述多媒体内容的除所述起始第一个数的内容切片之外的内容切片的下载地址，
    根据所述剩余的下载信息条目分别下载相应的内容切片。
  8. 根据权利要求6或7所述的方法，其中，所述内容切片是基于HTTP实时流的传输流切片，所述下载信息条目是M3U8索引中的条目。
  9. 一种提供多媒体内容的服务器，包括：
    请求接收模块，用于接收多媒体内容的下载请求；
    条目生成模块，用于根据所述下载请求生成预定的第一个数的下载信息条目，各下载信息条目分别包括所述多媒体内容的内容切片的下载地址，所述预定的第一个数的内容切片是所述多媒体内容起始第一个数的内容切片；
    发送模块，用于将生成的所述第一个数的下载信息条目发送给客户端。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的服务器，其中，所述条目生成模块用于根据所述下载请求生成第二个数的下载信息条目，所述第二个数的下载信息条目指示的内容切片构成所述多媒体内容的全部内容，所述条目生成模块从所述第二个数的下载信息条目中截取起始的第一个数的下载信息条目；或
    所述条目生成模块用于生成所述第一个数的下载信息条目后再生成第三个数的下载信息条目，所述第三个数和第一个数的和为所述多媒体内容的内容切片的总个数。
  11. 根据权利要求9或10所述的服务器，其中，所述条目生成模块生成的下载信息条目为M3U8索引中的条目。
  12. 一种提供多媒体内容的终端设备，包括：
    请求发送模块，用于发送多媒体内容的下载请求；
    下载条目接收模块，用于接收第一个数的下载信息条目，各所述下载信息条目分别包括所述多媒体内容的内容切片的下载地址，所述第一个数的内容切片是所述多媒体内容起始第一个数的内容切片；
    下载处理模块，用于根据所述第一个数的下载信息条目分别下载相应的内容切片，并且对下载的内容切片进行拼接；
    播放模块，用于播放经过所述下载处理模块拼接的多媒体内容。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的终端设备，其中，所述下载条目接收模块还用于接收剩余的下载信息条目，所述剩余的下载信息条目分别包括所述多媒体内容的除起始第一个数的内容切片之外的内容切片的下载地址；
    所述下载处理模块还用于根据所述剩余的下载信息条目分别下载相应的内容切片。
  14. 根据权利要求12或13所述的终端设备，其中，所述内容切片是基于HTTP实时流的传输流切片，所述下载信息条目是M3U8索引中的条目。
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