WO2017162553A1 - Compresseur centrifuge avec pales de diffuseur sans fuite et procédé d'assemblage de compresseur centrifuge - Google Patents

Compresseur centrifuge avec pales de diffuseur sans fuite et procédé d'assemblage de compresseur centrifuge Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017162553A1
WO2017162553A1 PCT/EP2017/056499 EP2017056499W WO2017162553A1 WO 2017162553 A1 WO2017162553 A1 WO 2017162553A1 EP 2017056499 W EP2017056499 W EP 2017056499W WO 2017162553 A1 WO2017162553 A1 WO 2017162553A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
diaphragm
casing
diffuser
diaphragms
centrifugal compressor
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2017/056499
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Daniele PANARA
Emanuele RIZZO
Original Assignee
Nuovo Pignone Tecnologie Srl
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Nuovo Pignone Tecnologie Srl filed Critical Nuovo Pignone Tecnologie Srl
Priority to CA3016829A priority Critical patent/CA3016829A1/fr
Priority to US16/079,475 priority patent/US20190048891A1/en
Priority to JP2018548811A priority patent/JP2019509426A/ja
Priority to KR1020187030132A priority patent/KR20180122010A/ko
Priority to BR112018068331A priority patent/BR112018068331A2/pt
Priority to CN201780018825.8A priority patent/CN109072926A/zh
Priority to EP17712451.8A priority patent/EP3433495A1/fr
Publication of WO2017162553A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017162553A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/40—Casings; Connections of working fluid
    • F04D29/42—Casings; Connections of working fluid for radial or helico-centrifugal pumps
    • F04D29/44—Fluid-guiding means, e.g. diffusers
    • F04D29/441—Fluid-guiding means, e.g. diffusers especially adapted for elastic fluid pumps
    • F04D29/444—Bladed diffusers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D1/00—Radial-flow pumps, e.g. centrifugal pumps; Helico-centrifugal pumps
    • F04D1/06—Multi-stage pumps
    • F04D1/063—Multi-stage pumps of the vertically split casing type
    • F04D1/066—Multi-stage pumps of the vertically split casing type the casing consisting of a plurality of annuli bolted together
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D17/00—Radial-flow pumps, e.g. centrifugal pumps; Helico-centrifugal pumps
    • F04D17/08—Centrifugal pumps
    • F04D17/10—Centrifugal pumps for compressing or evacuating
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D17/00—Radial-flow pumps, e.g. centrifugal pumps; Helico-centrifugal pumps
    • F04D17/08—Centrifugal pumps
    • F04D17/10—Centrifugal pumps for compressing or evacuating
    • F04D17/12—Multi-stage pumps
    • F04D17/122—Multi-stage pumps the individual rotor discs being, one for each stage, on a common shaft and axially spaced, e.g. conventional centrifugal multi- stage compressors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/40—Casings; Connections of working fluid
    • F04D29/42—Casings; Connections of working fluid for radial or helico-centrifugal pumps
    • F04D29/44—Fluid-guiding means, e.g. diffusers
    • F04D29/46—Fluid-guiding means, e.g. diffusers adjustable
    • F04D29/462—Fluid-guiding means, e.g. diffusers adjustable especially adapted for elastic fluid pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/60—Mounting; Assembling; Disassembling
    • F04D29/62—Mounting; Assembling; Disassembling of radial or helico-centrifugal pumps
    • F04D29/624—Mounting; Assembling; Disassembling of radial or helico-centrifugal pumps especially adapted for elastic fluid pumps

Definitions

  • Embodiments of the subject matter disclosed herein correspond to centrifugal compressors with leakage-free diffuser blades and methods of assembling centrifugal compressors.
  • Centrifugal compressors usually have one or more diffusers; a diffuser is a (stationary) channel or multi-channel that receives a flow of a working fluid when it exits a (rotary) impeller of a compressor; a diffuser may comprise diffuser blades; a diffuser blade is fixed to a diaphragm of the compressor by shrink fitting or by friction fitting or by screwing or by welding or because it is integral with the diaphragm.
  • the lowering of the half-diaphragms should be precise in order to avoid damages to the diffuser blades and/or the diaphragms due to contact between the diffuser blades and the diaphragms.
  • centrifugal compressors such as those used in the field of "Oil & Gas", i.e. machines used in plants for exploration, production, storage, refinement and distribution of oil and/or gas.
  • First embodiments of the subject matter disclosed herein relate to centrifugal compressors.
  • the centrifugal compressor comprises a rotor with a plurality of impellers and a stator with at least a first diaphragm, a second diaphragm downstream said first diaphragm, a diffuser defined between a shroud side of a downstream portion of said first diaphragm and a hub side of a upstream portion of said second diaphragm, and a plurality of diffuser blades inside said diffuser; each diffuser blade has a tip portion, a base portion and an airfoil portion between the base portion and the tip portion; said diffuser blades are located between said downstream portion of said first diaphragm and said upstream portion of said second diaphragm; the base portion of said diffuser blades is integrated in or mounted directly or indirectly to said upstream portion of said second diaphragm so to avoid fluid flow between said base portion and said hub side of said upstream portion, and the tip portion of said diffuser blades abuts against said downstream portion of said first
  • Second embodiments of the subject matter disclosed herein relate to methods of assembling centrifugal compressors.
  • the method of assembling a centrifugal compressor provides that: A) a plurality of half-diaphragms are bundled together, B) a half-casing or half-counter-casing is lowered on said bundle, C) said plurality of half- diaphragms are loosened inside said half-casing or half-counter-casing, and D) said plurality of half-diaphragms are fixed to said half-casing or half-counter-casing.
  • Fig. 1 shows schematically and partially a cross-section of an embodiment of a centrifugal compressor
  • Fig. 2A shows schematically an embodiment of a diffuser blade as it is used in the centrifugal compressor of Fig. 1,
  • Fig. 2B shows schematically an embodiment of a diffuser blade used differently from Fig. 2A,
  • Fig. 3 shows in detail another embodiment of a diffuser blade of the centrifugal compressor of Fig. 1, and Fig. 4 comprising Figs 4A to 4K shows some steps of an embodiment of a method of assembling a centrifugal compressor.
  • FIG. 1 shows schematically and partially a cross-section of an embodiment of a centrifugal compressor 100 for compressing a fluid.
  • Compressor 100 comprises a stator and a rotor.
  • the rotor comprises a shaft 103 and some impellers;
  • Fig. 1 shows only a first centrifugal impeller 104 of a first compression stage and a second centrifugal impeller 105 of a second compression stage; both impellers 104 and 105 are fixed to the shaft 103; the second compression stage immediately follows the first compression stage and both are used for compressing the same fluid;
  • Fig. 1 highlights the hub side 104H and the shroud side 104S of impeller 104.
  • the stator comprises a casing 101, a counter casing 102 placed inside the casing 101, and some diaphragms;
  • Fig. 1 shows only a first diaphragm and a second diaphragm; such diaphragms consist of a upstream portion and a downstream portion wherein the words "upstream” and "downstream” take the fluid flow direction inside the compressor into account;
  • Fig. 1 shows only the downstream portion 106 of the first diaphragm, the upstream portion 107 of the second diaphragm and the downstream portion 108 of the second diaphragm.
  • the fluid flows into the impeller 104, then out of the impeller 104, then between the downstream portion 106 and the upstream portion 107, then between the counter casing 102 and the upstream portion 107, then between the upstream portion 107 and the downstream portion 108, then into the impeller 105, then out of the impeller 105.
  • Two sets of statory blades are present in the compressor 100: return-channel blades 109 and diffuser blades 110; the blades 109 are located between the upstream portion 107 of the second diaphragm and the downstream portion 108 of the second diaphragm; the blades 110 are located inside the diffuser between the downstream portion 106 (in particular its shroud side 106S) of the first diaphragm and upstream portion 107 (in particular its hub side 107H) of the second diaphragm.
  • a diaphragm may consist of a single piece or two distinct pieces fixed to each other or three distinct pieces (i.e. upstream portion, downstream portion and return-channel blades) fixed to each other.
  • Each diffuser blade 110 has a tip portion HOT, a base portion HOB and an airfoil portion 110A between the base portion HOB and the tip portion HOT.
  • the base portion 110B is integrated in or mounted directly or indirectly to the upstream portion 107 so to avoid fluid flow between the base portion HOB and the hub side 107H, and the tip portion HOT abuts against the downstream portion 106 so to avoid fluid flow between the tip portion HOT and the shroud side 106S.
  • Fig. 2 A shows a gap between the tip portion HOT and the shroud side 106S (and a double-headed arrow), but this represents only the fact that the tip portion HOT is not integral with the first diaphragm 106 (and may move).
  • the whole cross-section of the tip portion at the end of the blade is in contact with the surface (shroud side) of the downstream portion of the first diaphragm.
  • the whole cross-section of the base portion at the end of the blade is in line with the surface (hub side side) of the upstream portion of the second diaphragm.
  • the area of the surface (shroud side) of the downstream portion of the first diaphragm is substantially flat, i.e. it is not recessed with respect to other areas of the downstream portion.
  • the area of the surface (hub side side) of the upstream portion of the second diaphragm is substantially flat, i.e. it is not recessed with respect to other areas of the upstream portion.
  • the base portion 130B of the diffuser blades 130 is integrated in or mounted directly or indirectly to the downstream portion (106 in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2B) of the first diaphragm so to avoid fluid flow between the base portion 130B and the shroud sidel06S of the downstream portion 106, and the tip portion 130T of the diffuser blades 130 abuts against the upstream portion (107 in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2B) of the second diaphragm so to avoid fluid flow between the tip portion 130T and the hub side 107H of the upstream portion 107.
  • Abutment without substantial friction may be obtained by letting the tip portion of the blades move.
  • a resilient component for example a spring.
  • each diffuser blade 110 may be movable, preferably resiliently movable, with respect to the first diaphragm (106 in Fig. 1) or the second diaphragm (107 in Fig. 1) whereto it is mounted (see e.g. Fig. 2A and the double-headed arrow).
  • the possibility of movement may be provided by a spring located for example below the surface of the first diaphragm (106 in Fig. 1) or the second diaphragm (107 in Fig. 1) whereto the blade is mounted. According to a second approach, movement is obtained through a resilient portion of the blade.
  • each diffuser blade 110 may be made of elastic material; one or more other portions of the diffuser blade may be made of elastic material.
  • the base portion HOB and the airfoil portion 1 10A and the tip portion HOT of each diffuser blade 110 is made of elastic material, preferably the same elastic material.
  • the first approach and the second approach may also be combined.
  • the above-mentioned movement may be in the range of e.g. 0.2-0.4 mm.
  • a spring may be used having a spring constant in the range of e.g. 0.3-3.0 10 6 N/m.
  • an elastic material may be used having a Young's Modulus in the range of e.g. 0.1-10.0 GPa.
  • Suitable materials may be for example polymers (such as PolyEther Ether Ketone i.e. "PEEK”), including i.a. polyethylenes, and elastomers.
  • PEEK PolyEther Ether Ketone
  • the airfoil portion of the diffuser blades may be made of e.g. aluminum and the tip portion of the diffuser blades may be made of e.g. PEEK.
  • the diffuser blades are exposed to quite hot (for example at 100- 300°C) and quite corrosive substances (for example a mixture of hydrocarbons); therefore, their materials should be chosen accordingly.
  • each diffuser blade 110 may comprise a snap mount for mounting it to the first diaphragm (106 in Fig. 1) or the second diaphragm (107 in Fig. 1).
  • Fig. 3 shows a specific embodiment of a diffuser blade 110.
  • the base portion HOB, the airfoil portion 11 OA and the tip portion 110T are very thin.
  • the blade 110 comprises a first platform 111 adjacent to the base portion HOB, a second platform 112 and a spring 113 that is located between the first platform 111 and the second platform 112 and acts on them.
  • the blade 110 comprises a snap mount 114 for mounting it to the first diaphragm (106 in Fig. 1) or the second diaphragm (107 in Fig. 1); the snap mount 114 may comprise two elastic tongues.
  • the platforms 11 and 112, the spring 1 13 and the mount 114 are designed to be completely inserted into a blind hole of a diaphragm; the outer surface of the platform 111 will be approximately (depending on the compression of the spring 113) in line with the surface of the diaphragm.
  • diffuser blades are located between adjacent half- diaphragms of the compressor; these diffuser blades are compressible.
  • a plurality of half-diaphragms 401 are bundled together (see Fig. 4B - the single black stripe at the bottom represents a link or bond between them); the bundling action results in a light compression of the diffuser blades;
  • the plurality of half-diaphragms 401 are loosened inside the half-casing 403 or half-counter-casing (see Fig. 4D - the single black stripe at the bottom is no longer present as the link or bond between is released); the diffuser blades rearrange slightly inside the half-casing; and
  • the plurality of half-diaphragms 401 are fixed to the half-casing 403 or half- counter-casing (see Fig. 4D - several short black stripes at the bottom represent fixing devices).
  • each half-diaphragm Due to the light compression of the diffuser blades, each half-diaphragm reduces its width (or axial size) somewhat, for example from a minimum of 0.2 mm to a maximum of 0.4 mm. Depending on the construction of the diffuser blade, such reduction in size derives from a compression of a resilient component of the diffuser blade and/or of a resilient portion of the diffuser blade.
  • step D After step D:
  • a rotor 404 of the centrifugal compressor is lowered on the turned half-casing 403 or half-counter-casing with half-diaphragms 401 inside (see Fig. 4F); bearings or half-bearings keep the rotor in position.
  • step F G) a plurality of half-diaphragms 405 (see Fig. 4G) are bundled together (see Fig. 4H - the single black stripe at the bottom represents a link or bond between them); the bundling action results in a light compression of the diffuser blades;
  • the plurality of half-diaphragms 405 are loosened inside the half-casing 407 or half-counter-casing (see Fig. 4J - the single black stripe at the bottom is no longer present as the link or bond between is released); the diffuser blades rearrange slightly inside the half-casing;
  • the plurality of half-diaphragms (405) are fixed to said half-casing (407) or half- counter-casing (see Fig. 4J - several short black stripes at the bottom represent fixing devices);
  • one or more diffuser blades is or are compressed during bundling.
  • one or more diffuser blades is or are mounted to half-diaphragms.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un compresseur centrifuge (100) comprenant un rotor (103, 104, 105) avec une pluralité de turbines (104, 105) et un stator (101, 102, 106, 107, 108, 109, 110) avec au moins un premier diaphragme (106), un second diaphragme (107, 108), un diffuseur défini entre un côté carénage d'une partie aval (106) du premier diaphragme et un côté moyeu d'une partie amont (107) du second diaphragme, ainsi qu'une pluralité de pales de diffuseur (110) à l'intérieur du diffuseur; chaque pale de diffuseur (110) présente une partie pointe, une partie base et une partie profil; les pales de diffuseur (110) sont situées entre la partie aval (106) du premier diaphragme et la partie amont (107) du second diaphragme; la partie base (HOB) des pales de diffuseur (110) est intégrée dans ou est montée directement ou indirectement sur la partie amont (107) du second diaphragme et la partie pointe (HOT) des pales de diffuseur (110) vient en butée contre la partie aval (106) du premier diaphragme; de manière alternative, la partie base (130B) des pales de diffuseur (130) est intégrée dans ou montée directement ou indirectement sur la partie aval (106) du premier diaphragme et la partie pointe (130T) des pales de diffuseur (130) vient en butée contre la partie amont (107) du second diaphragme.
PCT/EP2017/056499 2016-03-21 2017-03-20 Compresseur centrifuge avec pales de diffuseur sans fuite et procédé d'assemblage de compresseur centrifuge WO2017162553A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (7)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CA3016829A CA3016829A1 (fr) 2016-03-21 2017-03-20 Compresseur centrifuge avec pales de diffuseur sans fuite et procede d'assemblage de compresseur centrifuge
US16/079,475 US20190048891A1 (en) 2016-03-21 2017-03-20 Centrifugal compressor with leakage-free diffuser blades and method of assembling a centrifugal compressor
JP2018548811A JP2019509426A (ja) 2016-03-21 2017-03-20 液漏れしないディフューザブレードを有する遠心圧縮機及び遠心圧縮機を組み立てる方法
KR1020187030132A KR20180122010A (ko) 2016-03-21 2017-03-20 무누설 디퓨저 블레이드를 갖는 원심 압축기 및 원심 압축기를 조립하는 방법
BR112018068331A BR112018068331A2 (pt) 2016-03-21 2017-03-20 compressor centrífugo e método de montagem de um compressor centrífugo
CN201780018825.8A CN109072926A (zh) 2016-03-21 2017-03-20 具有无泄漏扩散器叶片的离心压缩机及组装离心压缩机的方法
EP17712451.8A EP3433495A1 (fr) 2016-03-21 2017-03-20 Compresseur centrifuge avec pales de diffuseur sans fuite et procédé d'assemblage de compresseur centrifuge

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT102016000029251 2016-03-21
ITUA2016A001854A ITUA20161854A1 (it) 2016-03-21 2016-03-21 Compressore centrifugo con pale del diffusore senza perdite di flusso e metodo di assemblaggio di un compressore centrifugo

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2017162553A1 true WO2017162553A1 (fr) 2017-09-28

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/EP2017/056499 WO2017162553A1 (fr) 2016-03-21 2017-03-20 Compresseur centrifuge avec pales de diffuseur sans fuite et procédé d'assemblage de compresseur centrifuge

Country Status (9)

Country Link
US (1) US20190048891A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP3433495A1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2019509426A (fr)
KR (1) KR20180122010A (fr)
CN (1) CN109072926A (fr)
BR (1) BR112018068331A2 (fr)
CA (1) CA3016829A1 (fr)
IT (1) ITUA20161854A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2017162553A1 (fr)

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US3489339A (en) * 1968-04-16 1970-01-13 Garrett Corp Vane seal
US3927763A (en) * 1970-12-15 1975-12-23 Bbc Sulzer Turbomaschinen Installation unit for a multistage radial compressor
GB2001140A (en) * 1977-07-12 1979-01-24 Stal Laval Turbin Ab Turbo-machine
JPS56162298A (en) * 1980-05-19 1981-12-14 Hitachi Ltd Diaphragm for centrifugal compressor
JPS5954800A (ja) * 1982-09-22 1984-03-29 Hitachi Ltd 水平分割形ケ−シング
EP0703368A2 (fr) * 1994-09-20 1996-03-27 Hitachi, Ltd. Machine à fluide
EP0733807A1 (fr) * 1995-03-20 1996-09-25 Hitachi, Ltd. Compresseur centrifugal à plusieurs étages, turbine pour compresseur centrifugal à plusieurs étages et son procédé de fabrication
US20030021677A1 (en) * 2000-02-03 2003-01-30 Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. Centrifugal compressor
DE102014207461A1 (de) * 2014-04-17 2015-10-22 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Anordnung von Bauteilen einer Fluidenergiemaschine, Fügeverfahren
EP2990662A1 (fr) * 2014-08-28 2016-03-02 Nuovo Pignone S.r.l. Compresseurs centrifuges avec refroidissement intermédiaire intégré

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Patent Citations (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2419669A (en) * 1942-05-08 1947-04-29 Fed Reserve Bank Diffuser for centrifugal compressors
US3489339A (en) * 1968-04-16 1970-01-13 Garrett Corp Vane seal
US3927763A (en) * 1970-12-15 1975-12-23 Bbc Sulzer Turbomaschinen Installation unit for a multistage radial compressor
GB2001140A (en) * 1977-07-12 1979-01-24 Stal Laval Turbin Ab Turbo-machine
JPS56162298A (en) * 1980-05-19 1981-12-14 Hitachi Ltd Diaphragm for centrifugal compressor
JPS5954800A (ja) * 1982-09-22 1984-03-29 Hitachi Ltd 水平分割形ケ−シング
EP0703368A2 (fr) * 1994-09-20 1996-03-27 Hitachi, Ltd. Machine à fluide
EP0733807A1 (fr) * 1995-03-20 1996-09-25 Hitachi, Ltd. Compresseur centrifugal à plusieurs étages, turbine pour compresseur centrifugal à plusieurs étages et son procédé de fabrication
US20030021677A1 (en) * 2000-02-03 2003-01-30 Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. Centrifugal compressor
DE102014207461A1 (de) * 2014-04-17 2015-10-22 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Anordnung von Bauteilen einer Fluidenergiemaschine, Fügeverfahren
EP2990662A1 (fr) * 2014-08-28 2016-03-02 Nuovo Pignone S.r.l. Compresseurs centrifuges avec refroidissement intermédiaire intégré

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US20190048891A1 (en) 2019-02-14
JP2019509426A (ja) 2019-04-04
CN109072926A (zh) 2018-12-21
EP3433495A1 (fr) 2019-01-30
BR112018068331A2 (pt) 2019-01-15
KR20180122010A (ko) 2018-11-09
CA3016829A1 (fr) 2017-09-28
ITUA20161854A1 (it) 2017-09-21

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