WO2017159209A1

WO2017159209A1 - Wind instrument

Info

Publication number: WO2017159209A1
Application number: PCT/JP2017/005880
Authority: WO
Inventors: 末永　雄一朗; 斉村上
Original assignee: ヤマハ株式会社
Priority date: 2016-03-14
Filing date: 2017-02-17
Publication date: 2017-09-21
Also published as: CN108701442A; JP6766387B2; CN108701442B; JP2017167210A

Abstract

This wind instrument is provided with a pipe body and a protrusion extending from the inner peripheral surface of the pipe body toward the axis of the pipe.

Description

Wind instrument

The present invention relates to a wind instrument.
This application claims priority based on Japanese Patent Application No. 2016-49882 filed in Japan on March 14, 2016, the contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.

Generally, wind instruments such as recorders, saxophones, and trumpets are provided with a mouthpiece that blows into the tubular body at the first axial end of the tubular tubular body, and the second end of the tubular body is exposed to the outside. It is configured with an opening.
Patent Document 1 discloses a configuration in which a filter is provided between a mouthpiece and a musical instrument main body in a keyboard-type wind instrument including a musical instrument main body having a keyboard and a mouthpiece connected to the musical instrument main body. Yes. The filter has ventilation, but prevents passage of saliva and impurities.

US Pat. No. 3,715,448

By the way, in many wind instruments, since the second end of the tube body is open to the outside, a foreign substance (for example, a spherical body such as a marble) slightly smaller than the inner diameter dimension of the tube body from the second end of the tube body. It may get into the tube. In particular, if the tube has a bent portion such as a trumpet, it may be difficult to take out foreign matter that has entered the tube. Moreover, when young people, such as school children, handle such a wind instrument, there is a possibility that a foreign object is intentionally put into the tube. For this reason, the structure of the tube body in which a foreign material enters is not preferable.

In order to prevent intrusion of foreign matter from the second end of the tubular body into the tubular body, for example, it is conceivable to provide a filter of Patent Document 1 on the second end side portion of the tubular body. However, when the filter of Patent Document 1 is provided on the second end side portion of the tubular body, the following problems occur. First, the filter affects the resonance frequency generated in the tube, and the acoustic characteristics of the wind instrument change. Second, since a cloth (swab) for cleaning the inside of the tube cannot be inserted into the tube from the second end of the tube, the inside of the tube becomes troublesome.

The present invention has been made in view of the above-described circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a wind instrument that can suppress the intrusion of foreign matter into the tubular body while minimizing the influence on the acoustic characteristics and the maintenance of the tubular body.

The present invention provides a wind instrument comprising a tubular body and a convex portion extending inward from the inner peripheral surface of the tubular body.

According to the present invention, it is possible to suppress the intrusion of foreign matter into the tube while suppressing the influence on the acoustic characteristics of the wind instrument and the effect on the maintenance of the tube.

1 is a plan view showing a wind instrument according to a first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line II-II in FIG. It is the front view which looked at the pipe body of FIG. 2 from the opening end side of the main pipe. It is a front view which shows the 1st modification of arrangement | positioning of the convex part of FIG. It is a front view which shows the 2nd modification of arrangement | positioning of the convex part of FIG. It is a front view which shows the 1st modification of the shape of the convex part of FIG. It is a front view which shows the 2nd modification of the shape of the convex part of FIG. It is sectional drawing which shows the principal part of the wind instrument which concerns on 2nd embodiment of this invention. It is a perspective view which shows the principal part of the wind instrument which concerns on 3rd embodiment of this invention.

[First embodiment]
Hereinafter, a first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the wind instrument 1 of the present embodiment includes a tubular body 2. The pipe body 2 may be formed of, for example, any one of a wood material, a metal material, and a resin material, or may be formed of, for example, a material appropriately combining these materials.
For example, the pipe body 2 may include only the main pipe 3 having a plurality of sound holes 5, but in the present embodiment, the pipe body 2 includes the main pipe 3 and the sub pipe 4 extending from the main pipe 3.

The main pipe 3 of the present embodiment is formed in a cylindrical shape having a constant inner diameter. The plurality of sound holes 5 formed in the main pipe 3 are arranged at intervals in the axial direction of the main pipe 3. For example, all of the plurality of sound holes 5 may be directly opened / closed by fingers of the performer, or may be opened / closed using, for example, a key mechanism 6 (key system). In the present embodiment, some of the sound holes 5 are directly opened and closed with the fingers of the performer, and the remaining sound holes 5 are opened and closed using the key mechanism 6. That is, the wind instrument 1 of the present embodiment also includes a key mechanism 6.

A mouthpiece 6 is provided at the first axial end of the main pipe 3. The mouthpiece 7 may be formed integrally with the tube body 2, for example, but in this embodiment, the mouthpiece 7 is detachably attached to the tube body 2. The mouthpiece 7 may be, for example, an air lead, a lip lead, a single lead, or a double lead. The second end in the axial direction of the main pipe 3 is open to the outside. For example, a bell may be provided at the second end of the main pipe 3. In the present embodiment, the second end of the main pipe 3 is provided with a flange portion 8 that extends to the outside of the main pipe 3 in the radial direction of the main pipe 3.

For example, the main pipe 3 may be configured only by the straight pipe section 11 in which the pipe axis of the main pipe 3 extends linearly, or by only the curved pipe section 12 bent so that the pipe axis of the main pipe 3 changes direction, for example. May be. The main pipe 3 of this embodiment has both the straight pipe part 11 and the curved pipe part 12. The straight tube portion 11 and the curved tube portion 12 are connected in the axial direction of the main tube 3. The open end 9 (second end) of the main pipe 3 may be constituted by, for example, the curved pipe part 12, but is constituted by the straight pipe part 11 in the present embodiment. The bending tube portion 12 of the present embodiment meanders by being bent a plurality of times, but may be bent only once, for example.
In the illustrated example, the sound hole 5 of the main tube 3 is formed in the curved tube portion 12 and is not formed in the straight tube portion 11 forming the opening end 9 of the main tube 3, but is also formed in the straight tube portion 11, for example. Good.

The sub-tube 4 of the present embodiment is formed in a cylindrical shape having a constant inner diameter dimension. The sub pipe 4 is connected to the end of the main pipe 3 on the mouthpiece 7 side. The direction in which the sub pipe 4 extends from the main pipe 3 may be arbitrary. In the present embodiment, the secondary pipe 4 extends along the longitudinal direction (X-axis direction) of the main pipe 3. Since the tube body 2 includes the main tube 3 and the sub tube 4, the wind instrument 1 of the present embodiment has the same acoustic characteristics as when the tube body 2 is conical.
In the present embodiment, the longitudinal direction of the tube body 2 and the main tube 3 corresponds to a straight direction from the mouthpiece 7 toward the opening end 9 of the main tube 3 when viewed from the player who plays the wind instrument 1. In the following description, the left-right direction viewed from the performer is referred to as the width direction (Y-axis direction) of the tube 2, the main tube 3, etc., and the up-down direction viewed from the performer is the height of the tube 2, etc., the main tube 3, etc. May be referred to as a direction (Z-axis direction).

In the tubular body of the present embodiment described above, the curved tube portion 12 is bent only in the height direction of the main tube 3. A plurality of sound holes 5 are formed in the center in the width direction of the main pipe 3 and are arranged in a line in the longitudinal direction of the main pipe 3.
For this reason, in the present embodiment, the shape of the main pipe 3 can be made symmetrical with respect to the center in the width direction of the main pipe 3. Thereby, the main pipe | tube 3 can be manufactured by bonding together, after shape | molding a pair of division | segmentation structure body formed in the left-right symmetric shape, respectively.

As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the wind instrument 1 includes a convex portion 20 that extends inward from the inner peripheral surface 13 of the main tube 3.
In the present embodiment, the convex portion 20 is disposed on the inner peripheral surface 13 of the main pipe 3. The convex portion 20 is disposed closer to the opening end 9 side of the main tube 3 than the curved tube portion 12 in the axial direction of the main tube 3. That is, the convex portion 20 is disposed on the inner peripheral surface 13 of the straight tube portion 11 that forms the open end 9 of the main tube 3. In the present embodiment, the convex portion 20 is arranged closer to the opening end 9 of the main pipe 3 than the sound hole 5 located closest to the opening end 9 of the main pipe 3.

In the present embodiment, the convex portion 20 extends from the inner peripheral surface 13 of the main pipe 3 to the inside of the main pipe 3 in the radial direction of the main pipe 3. The convex portion 20 of the present embodiment is formed in a protruding shape whose distal end in the extending direction does not reach another position on the inner peripheral surface 13. Although the specific shape of the protrusion-shaped convex part 20 may be arbitrary, in this embodiment, it is hemispherical.

In the present embodiment, a plurality of the protrusions 20 are arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction of the main pipe 3. More specifically, a pair of convex portions 20 of the present embodiment are arranged at positions that are symmetrical with each other about the tube axis of the main tube 3. The pair of

convex portions

20, 20 are arranged at the same position in the axial direction of the main pipe 3. The pair of

convex portions

20, 20 may be arranged at arbitrary positions in the circumferential direction of the main pipe 3, but in the present embodiment, in the inner circumferential surface 13 of the main pipe 3 in regions located at both ends in the width direction of the main pipe 3. It is arranged.

For example, the convex portion 20 described above may be formed separately from the main pipe 3 and then fixed to the main pipe 3, but is integrally formed with the main pipe 3 in the present embodiment.
The convex part 20 of this embodiment passes the foreign substance O more than predetermined size through the position (henceforth a convex part position) where the convex part 20 was distribute | arranged in the axial direction of the main pipe 3 among the main pipes 3. FIG. To prevent that.
For example, compared with the case where the wind instrument 1 does not have the convex part 20, the spherical foreign material O which has a smaller diameter dimension is prevented from passing through the convex part position.

In the wind instrument 1 of this embodiment, the dimension (height dimension) in the extending direction of the convex part 20 extending inward from the inner peripheral surface 13 of the main pipe 3 is considered in consideration of the ease of passage of the foreign object O in the curved pipe part 12. Is set.
More specifically, the larger the size of the foreign material O (the diameter of the spherical foreign material O) within the range that can be inserted into the main pipe 3, the larger the curvature of the curved tube portion 12 (the smaller the radius of curvature). ), It becomes difficult for the foreign matter O to pass through the bending tube portion 12. That is, the foreign matter O tends to stay on the bending tube portion 12. On the other hand, the height of the convex portion 20 is set so that only the foreign matter O having a size that can easily pass through the bending tube portion 12 can pass through the convex portion position.

According to the wind instrument 1 of the present embodiment configured as described above, the protrusions 20 extending inward from the inner peripheral surface 13 of the main pipe 3 are provided, so that the foreign matter O enters the main pipe 3. Can be suppressed. In particular, in the present embodiment, it is possible to prevent the foreign matter O having a predetermined size or larger from passing through the convex portion position in the main pipe 3.

Moreover, according to the wind instrument 1 of the present embodiment, the cross-sectional area in the main pipe 3 (the cross-sectional area perpendicular to the axial direction of the main pipe 3) due to the installation of the convex portion 20 as compared with the case where a conventional filter is provided. Change can be kept small. For this reason, the influence on the acoustic characteristic of the wind instrument 1 based on installation of the convex part 20 can be suppressed small. The above-described cross-sectional area in the main pipe 3 means, for example, a substantial cross-sectional area (flow path cross-sectional area) in which gas can flow in the axial direction of the main pipe 3 in the main pipe 3.
Moreover, according to the wind instrument 1 of this embodiment, even if the convex part 20 is provided, the cloth (swab) for cleaning the inside of the main pipe 3 can easily pass through the convex part position. That is, the main pipe 3 can be easily maintained.

Further, according to the wind instrument 1 of the present embodiment, a plurality of convex portions 20 are arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction of the main tube 3. In the case where there are a plurality of protrusions 20, as compared with the case where there is only one protrusion 20, the protrusions 20 necessary to prevent foreign objects O having a predetermined size or more from passing through the position of the protrusions. The height dimension can be kept small. That is, the change in the cross-sectional area in the main pipe 3 due to the installation of the convex portion 20 can be further suppressed. Therefore, the influence on the acoustic characteristics of the wind instrument 1 can be further reduced.

Further, according to the wind instrument 1 of the present embodiment, the convex portion 20 is arranged on the opening end 9 side of the main tube 3 with respect to the curved tube portion 12. For this reason, it can suppress effectively that the foreign material O enters into the bending pipe part 12. FIG.
Further, according to the wind instrument 1 of the present embodiment, the foreign object O having a size that can pass through the convex portion position easily passes through the curved tube portion 12. For this reason, even if the foreign material O enters the bending tube portion 12, the foreign material O can be easily extracted from the main tube 3. Therefore, the foreign object O can be prevented from staying in the main tube 3, and the performance of the wind instrument 1 can be prevented from being obstructed by the foreign object O.

Further, according to the wind instrument 1 of the present embodiment, the convex portion 20 is arranged on the opening end 9 side of the main pipe 3 with respect to the sound hole 5 located closest to the opening end 9 of the main pipe 3. For this reason, the influence on the acoustic characteristic of the wind instrument 1 by the convex part 20 can be suppressed to the minimum. More specifically, when generating a scale other than the lowest scale in the wind instrument 1, a portion of the main pipe 3 closer to the opening end 9 than the sound hole 5 closed by the fingers or the key mechanism 6 does not function as a resonance tube. . For this reason, it can prevent that the convex part 20 affects the pronunciation of the scale except the lowest scale in the wind instrument 1.

Further, according to the wind instrument 1 of the present embodiment, the convex portion 20 is arranged at the end of the inner peripheral surface 13 of the main tube 3 in the width direction of the main tube 3. In particular, in the present embodiment, the pair of

convex portions

20, 20 are arranged in regions on both ends in the width direction of the main pipe 3 on the inner peripheral surface 13 of the main pipe 3. For this reason, the convex part 20 can be easily shape | molded with the division structure of the main pipe 3 mentioned above. In particular, it is possible to easily perform die cutting when the divided structure is formed. Therefore, the wind instrument 1 including the convex portion 20 can be easily manufactured.

In the first embodiment described above, the three protrusions 20 may be arranged at regular intervals in the circumferential direction of the main pipe 3 as shown in FIG. 4A, for example. In this case, as compared with the case where the number of the convex portions 20 is two, the height dimension of the convex portion 20 necessary for preventing the foreign matter O having a predetermined size or more from passing through the convex portion position is further reduced. Can be suppressed. Moreover, compared with the case where the four or more convex parts 20 are arranged, the change of the cross-sectional area in the main pipe 3 by installation of the convex part 20 can be suppressed small. Therefore, the influence on the acoustic characteristics of the wind instrument 1 can be minimized.

Further, for example, as shown in FIG. 4B, one protruding protrusion 20 may be arranged only at one place in the circumferential direction of the main pipe 3. In this case, the convex portion 20 may be positioned at the center in the width direction of the main pipe 3 as in the illustrated example, but may be positioned at the end in the width direction of the main pipe 3 as in the first embodiment, for example. Good.

Further, the protruding convex portion 20 may be formed continuously in the axial direction of the main pipe 3, for example. In this case, since the cross-sectional area in the main pipe 3 does not change in the axial direction of the main pipe 3, the acoustic characteristics of the wind instrument 1 can be easily set when the wind instrument 1 is manufactured. Moreover, the main pipe 3 can be manufactured easily.

Moreover, the rod-shaped convex part 20A extended inside from the inner peripheral surface 13 of the main pipe 3 may be distribute | arranged to the inner peripheral surface 13 of the main pipe 3, for example, as shown to FIG. 5A and FIG. 5B.
A rod-shaped convex portion 20 A illustrated in FIG. 5A extends from a predetermined position in the circumferential direction of the inner peripheral surface 13 of the main pipe 3 to the inside of the main pipe 3 and reaches another position on the inner peripheral surface 13. In the illustrated example, the rod-shaped convex portion 20A intersects the tube axis of the main tube 3, but the present invention is not limited to this. Although only one rod-like convex portion 20A illustrated in FIG. 5A is provided, a plurality of rod-like convex portions 20A may be provided, for example. In this case, the plurality of rod-shaped convex portions 20A may intersect, for example, or may not intersect.

In the configuration illustrated in FIG. 5B, a plurality (three in the illustrated example) of rod-like convex portions 20A extend to the tube axis of the main tube 3 and are connected to each other.
In the case of the rod-like convex portion 20A, it is possible to set the size of the foreign matter passing through the convex portion position smaller than in the case of the protruding convex portion 20A.
The number of rod-shaped convex portions 20A may be arbitrary, but considering the ease of cleaning of the main pipe 3 (easiness of swab passage in the main pipe 3), a smaller number is more preferable.

The

convex portions

20 and 20A exemplified in FIGS. 2 to 5 may have elasticity, for example. Further, the protruding convex portion 20 may be formed in a needle shape that can be elastically bent and deformed, for example.

[Second Embodiment]
Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. The wind instrument of the present embodiment is different from the wind instrument 1 of the first embodiment only in the configuration of the main tube and the arrangement of the protrusions, and the other configurations are the same. In the present embodiment, the same components as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof is omitted.

As shown in FIG. 6, in the wind instrument 1B of the present embodiment, the main tube 3B of the tube body 2B includes a tapered tube portion 14B having an inner diameter that increases toward the opening end 9 of the main tube 3B. That is, the tapered tube portion 14B constitutes the open end 9 of the main tube 3B of the present embodiment.
In the illustrated example, the curved tube portion 12 is connected to the tapered tube portion 14B. However, for example, a straight tube portion may be connected. Although not shown, the sound hole of the main pipe 3B may be formed only in the curved tube portion 12, for example, or may be formed in both the curved tube portion 12 and the tapered tube portion 14B.

The convex part 20 with which the wind instrument 1B of this embodiment is equipped is distribute | arranged to the internal peripheral surface 13 of the main pipe 3B similarly to 1st embodiment. However, in this embodiment, the convex part 20 is distribute | arranged to the position where an internal diameter dimension becomes the minimum among the taper pipe parts 14B. That is, the convex portion 20 is disposed at a connection portion between the tapered tube portion 14 B and the curved tube portion 12. In the illustrated example, the tapered tube portion 14B is provided with the protruding convex portion 20 illustrated in FIGS. 2 to 4. However, for example, the rod-shaped convex portion 20A illustrated in FIGS. 5A and 5B may be provided. Good.

According to the wind instrument 1B of the present embodiment, the same effects as those of the first embodiment can be obtained.
Moreover, in the wind instrument 1B of this embodiment, the convex part 20 is distribute | arranged to the position where an internal diameter dimension becomes the minimum among the taper pipe parts 14B. For this reason, it can suppress effectively that the foreign material which entered into the main pipe 3B from the opening end 9 enters into another pipe part (bending pipe part 12) of the main pipe 3B connected to the taper pipe part 14B.

[Third embodiment]
Next, a third embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. The wind instrument of this embodiment differs from the wind instrument 1 of the first embodiment only in the arrangement of the convex portions, and the other configurations are the same. In the present embodiment, the same components as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof is omitted.

As shown in FIG. 7, the wind instrument 1 C of the present embodiment includes a convex portion 20 C that extends inward from the inner peripheral surface 13 of the main tube 3, as in the first and second embodiments. However, the convex portion 20 C of the present embodiment is disposed outside the opening end 9 of the main pipe 3.
The convex portion 20 C of the present embodiment is formed in a rod shape extending from the opening end 9 (flange portion 8) of the main pipe 3 to the inside of the inner peripheral surface 13 of the main pipe 3. The rod-shaped convex portion 20 C extends away from the opening end 9 of the main pipe 3 as it goes inward of the main pipe 3. That is, the convex portion 20 C extends in a direction toward (approaching) the tube axis L 1 from the flange 8 of the main tube 3 and in a direction away from the opening end 9. As shown in FIG. 7, the tube axis L1 also includes a portion extending outward from the opening end 9 of the main tube 3, and the fact that the convex portion 20C extends in the direction toward the tube axis L1 is only inside the main tube 3. It also includes extending to the outside.

In the configuration illustrated in FIG. 7, similarly to the configuration illustrated in FIG. 5B, a plurality (three in the illustrated example) of rod-like convex portions 20 C extend to the tube axis L 1 toward the tube axis L 1 of the main tube 3. Connected to each other above. In this embodiment, the rod-shaped convex portions 20C extend toward the tube axis L1 toward the tube axis L1 and are connected to each other, but may not be connected to each other. Further, the bar-shaped convex portion 20C may reach from a predetermined position in the circumferential direction of the main pipe 3 to another position, for example, similarly to the configuration shown in FIG. 5A.

According to the wind instrument 1C of the present embodiment, the same effects as those of the first embodiment can be obtained.
Further, according to the wind instrument 1C of the present embodiment, the influence on the acoustic characteristics of the wind instrument 1C can be suppressed to be smaller than when the convex portion 20C is provided in the main pipe 3.
The convex portion 20C of the present embodiment can be applied to, for example, the

wind instruments

1 and 1B of the first and second embodiments. For example, in the

wind instruments

1 and 1B of the first and second embodiments, the convex portion 20C of the present embodiment may be provided separately from the

convex portions

20 and 20A of the first and second embodiments.

As mentioned above, although this invention was demonstrated in detail, this invention is not limited to the said embodiment, A various change can be added in the range which does not deviate from the meaning of this invention.

In the wind instrument of the present invention, the convex portion may be provided, for example, in the secondary pipe.

The wind instrument of the present invention is not limited to being applied to a wind instrument having a sound hole such as a wood wind instrument, but can also be applied to a wind instrument having no sound hole such as a brass instrument.

1, 1B,

1C Wind instrument

2,

2B Tube

3, 3B Main tube 4 Sub tube 5 Sound hole 9 Open end 12 Curved tube portion 13 Inner peripheral surface 14B

Taper tube portion

20, 20A, 20C Convex portion

Claims

A wind instrument comprising a tubular body and a convex portion extending in a direction from the inner peripheral surface of the tubular body toward the tubular axis of the tubular body.
The wind instrument according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of the convex portions are arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction of the tubular body.
The tube has a sound hole;
The wind instrument according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the convex portion is arranged on an opening end side of the tubular body with respect to the sound hole.
The tubular body has a curved tubular portion that is bent so as to change the direction of the tubular axis of the tubular body,
The wind instrument according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the convex portion is disposed closer to an opening end side of the tubular body than the curved tubular portion of the tubular body.
The tubular body has a tapered tubular portion whose inner diameter dimension increases toward the opening end of the tubular body,
The wind instrument according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the convex portion is arranged at a position where the inner diameter dimension is minimum in the tapered tube portion.
The wind instrument according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the convex portion is disposed outside an opening end of the tubular body.