JP4886893B1 - Wind instrument - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a wind instrument that can suppress the deterioration of wind sound quality even in long-term use and can obtain a high quality wind sound even if there is a difference in manufacturing accuracy of parts.
A connecting instrument formed in a tubular shape is a wind instrument that is detachably fitted to a musical instrument main body so that an end thereof forms a part of an air flow path of the entire wind instrument, The structure where the groove | channel over the whole longitudinal direction of a connection member is formed in the surrounding surface of the flow path through which air flows.
[Selection] Figure 3

Description

  The present invention relates to a wind instrument.

  For example, as an example of a wind instrument, a trumpet (an example of a brass instrument) as shown in Patent Document 1 has been proposed. The mouthpiece is detachably attached to the trumpet body via an adapter.

  In the trumpet, a stepped portion is generated between the tip end portion of the mouthpiece inserted into the adapter and the inner peripheral surface of the adapter at a position corresponding to the tip end portion. Then, when the performer blows in air (breath) from the mouthpiece, air turbulence occurs at the stepped portion, and the quality of the sound of the wind is reduced by that amount. Therefore, the player needs to devise so that the quality of the sound is not lowered.

  Therefore, it is made thin by making the inner peripheral surface tapered surface of the tip end portion of the mouthpiece to be inserted into the adapter, and the step difference of the step portion generated between the tip end portion and the inner peripheral surface of the adapter at the position corresponding thereto is reduced. By doing so, it is conceivable to suppress air turbulence.

  Patent Document 2 discloses the configuration of a clarinet (an example of a woodwind instrument). In general, a clarinet has a mouthpiece detachably attached to a main body composed of an upper tube, a lower tube and a bell through a barrel.

  In Patent Document 2, the mouthpiece and the barrel are connected so that the inner peripheral surface of the mouthpiece, the inner peripheral surface of the barrel, and the inner peripheral surface of the upper tube are flush with each other. The thickness is formed thin, and the thickness of the entire end portion of the upper tube is reduced at the connecting portion between the barrel and the upper tube.

  This prevents the mouthpiece, the barrel, and the upper pipe from having stepped portions on the inner peripheral surface, suppresses disturbance of air (the player's breath), and improves the quality of the sound produced by the player. It is possible to suppress the decrease.

JP 2006-3582 A Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2002-62868

  However, in Patent Document 1, if the tip end portion of the mouthpiece is thin, the strength (rigidity) of the tip portion of the mouthpiece is reduced, and it becomes easy to deform, and the connecting portion is deformed in long-term use, Unnecessary air intrudes or air leakage occurs, which degrades the quality of the wind sound.

  Forming the mouthpiece inner peripheral surface, the barrel inner peripheral surface, and the upper tube inner peripheral surface to be flush with each other as in Patent Document 2 is useful for producing high-quality performance sounds. . However, as shown in FIG. 9, if there is a difference in the manufacturing accuracy of the parts such as the mouthpiece 100, the barrel 110, the upper tube 120, etc., as shown in FIG. A stepped portion and an annular recess 130 are generated in the portion. If it becomes so, the air A will be greatly disturbed by the level | step-difference part and the recessed part 130, and the quality of wind sound will fall.

  The above-described problems are not limited to trumpet, which is an example of a brass instrument, and clarinet, which is an example of a woodwind instrument, and are common problems in general wind instruments.

  In view of the above problems, an object of the present invention is to provide a wind instrument that can suppress deterioration in the quality of a wind sound even in long-term use and can obtain a high-quality wind sound even if there is a difference in the manufacturing accuracy of components.

The present invention, expansion and instrument body with a flow passage therein, a wind instrument Ru and a connecting member formed in a tubular by providing a flow path therein, the flow path at an end of the connecting member A columnar recess formed to be connected to the instrument body so that an end of the instrument body is fitted in the recess, and a channel of the instrument body and a channel of the connection member Is formed, and an annular chamfer is formed on the inner peripheral surface at the end of the flow path of the instrument body, and a groove is formed on the peripheral surface of the flow path of the connection member over the entire longitudinal direction of the connection member. is the diameter of the flow path of the connecting member, the diameter of the instrument body of the channel is substantially the same, the depth of the groove is characterized that you substantially equal to the depth of the chamfer.

  According to the above configuration, even if a step portion is formed on the inner peripheral surface of the connection portion between the connection member and the instrument body, a part of the air (breath) blown by the performer flows through the groove and forms the groove. Since the area for forming the step portion is reduced, the turbulence of the air in the step portion can be suppressed by the reduction in the area for forming the step portion.

  The number of connecting members is not limited to one, and a plurality of connecting members may be used, and the connecting members themselves may constitute a part of the instrument body. Further, detachably fitting is a concept including both cases where the end of the connecting member is fitted into the musical instrument main body or is fitted outside. Furthermore, the wind instrument is applicable to both woodwind instruments and brass instruments, and is a concept including both instruments.

  In the wind instrument of the present invention, the groove may be formed on the inner peripheral surface of a connection member connected between the mouthpiece and the wind instrument body. The wind instrument in this case is preferably a woodwind instrument clarinet, and a barrel is applied as the connecting member.

  In the wind instrument of the present invention, the end of the connection member is detachably fitted to the instrument body so that the connection member forms a part of the air flow path of the entire wind instrument. A configuration in which a step portion is formed between the end face of the connecting member and the end face of the connecting member can be employed.

  In the wind instrument having the above-described configuration, a stepped portion is formed between the inner peripheral surface of the instrument body and the end surface of the connecting member, but even if a stepped portion is formed on the inner peripheral surface of the connecting member and the connecting portion of the instrument body, Part of the air (breath) blown by the performer flows through the groove, and the area for forming the stepped portion is reduced by the amount of the groove formed, so that the area for forming the stepped portion is reduced by the amount of the stepped portion. The air turbulence is suppressed.

  In particular, a brass instrument is applied as the wind instrument in this case. In the brass instrument, there is a type in which a plurality of parts constituting the musical instrument main body are provided with parts that are slid while being fitted to the predetermined parts. This is because in such a configuration, it is difficult to eliminate the stepped portion generated on the inner peripheral surface in the connecting portion between the parts constituting the musical instrument main body.

  In the wind instrument of the present invention, it is possible to adopt a configuration in which the groove is formed in a spiral shape on the inner peripheral surface of the connection member. Even if the groove is formed in a spiral shape, the air flow is not disturbed.

  In the wind instrument of the present invention, it is possible to adopt a configuration in which a plurality of grooves are arranged on the inner peripheral surface of the connection member at predetermined intervals in the circumferential direction. In this case, the grooves may be arranged at regular intervals or may be arranged at irregular intervals. In any case, air turbulence at the stepped portion is suppressed. The number of grooves may be one, and if at least one groove is formed on the connecting member, the air turbulence at the stepped portion is suppressed accordingly.

  In the wind instrument of the present invention, the groove can adopt a configuration formed in a rectangular cross section from a side surface facing both sides in the circumferential direction and a bottom surface between the side surfaces. According to this structure, air flows smoothly through the groove having a rectangular cross section. The cross-sectional shape of the groove is not limited to a rectangular cross section, but may be a semicircular cross section or a polygonal cross section other than a rectangle as another shape.

  According to the wind instrument of the present invention, even if a stepped portion is formed on the inner peripheral surface of the connecting portion between the connecting member and the instrument main body, the step generated at the connecting portion between the connecting member and the instrument main body is as much as the groove is formed. Since the area for forming the portion is reduced, the turbulence of the air at the step portion can be suppressed by the amount of the reduced area for forming the step portion. Even if there is a difference in manufacturing accuracy between the connecting member and the instrument main body and a step occurs at the connecting portion between the connecting member and the instrument main body, a high-quality wind sound can be easily obtained.

  By forming the groove in the connection member, air disturbance can be suppressed without forming the entire thickness of the end portion of the connection member in order to eliminate the stepped portion, and the end portion of the connection member can be suppressed. Since it is not necessary to reduce the overall wall thickness, the strength of the connection member can be ensured, and even in the long-term use of wind instruments, gaps are unlikely to occur in the connection part between the connection member and the instrument body, and the quality of the wind sound is reduced. The decrease can be suppressed.

1 is an overall structural diagram of a musical instrument (clarinet) representing a first embodiment of the present invention. It is the same part disassembled perspective view. It is a partially broken view which shows the connection part of the barrel and an upper pipe, a barrel, and a mouthpiece. It is a single-piece top view of the barrel. It is a whole structure exploded view of the musical instrument (trombone) showing 2nd embodiment of this invention. It is sectional drawing showing the shape of a groove | channel while showing the fitting state of the same slide inner tube | pipe and slide outer tube | pipe. It is the XX sectional view taken on the line in FIG. It is sectional drawing showing the barrel of other embodiment of this invention. It is a partial sectional view of a woodwind instrument representing a conventional example.

  Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. First, based on FIG. 1 thru | or FIG. 4, 1st embodiment of this invention is described. The wind instrument according to the first embodiment of the present invention is a clarinet 1 as an example of a woodwind instrument.

  As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, the clarinet 1 generally includes a mouthpiece 7 connected to a musical instrument main body (hereinafter simply referred to as “main body”) 2 including an upper tube 3, a lower tube 4 and a bell 5 via a barrel 6. It is attached detachably. Any of these members are formed in a tubular shape, and a continuous air flow path 8 is formed inside the clarinet 1 by connecting each other. In FIG. 1, keys and levers constituting the clarinet 1 are omitted because they do not require any particular explanation.

  The clarinet 1 has a general clarinet 1 configuration except for the barrel 6 configuration, and therefore the description thereof is omitted. In the first embodiment, the barrel 6 corresponds to a connecting member. One end 9 of the barrel 6 is connected to the end 10 of the upper tube 3, and the end 12 of the mouthpiece 7 is connected to the other end 11 of the barrel 6.

  An end portion 10 of the upper tube 3 connected to the barrel 6 is formed in a cylindrical shape, and the end portion 10 is formed thinner than other portions. An end portion 12 of the mouthpiece 7 connected to the barrel 6 is formed in a cylindrical shape, and the end portion 12 is formed thinner than other portions. Both the end 10 of the upper tube 3 and the end 12 of the mouthpiece 7 are configured to be connected to the barrel 6 by being fitted inside the barrel 6.

  As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the barrel 6 is formed with recesses 16 and 17 on both end sides of the body portion 15. The trunk portion 15 is formed in a barrel shape, and the recesses 16 and 17 are formed concentrically with each other so as to pierce the end surface of the trunk portion 15 in a cylindrical shape, and are formed to have substantially the same diameter. A barrel passage 18 having a smaller diameter than the recesses 16 and 17 is formed between the recesses 16 and 17. Each of the recesses 16 and 17 and the barrel channel 18 are spaces that constitute a part of the air channel 8.

  A groove 20 is formed in the inner peripheral surface (corresponding to the peripheral surface through which the air A flows) 19 of the barrel flow path 18 over the entire longitudinal direction. The grooves 20 are arranged on the inner peripheral surface 19 of the barrel flow path 18 at equal intervals (in this case, 90 ° intervals) in the circumferential direction. The groove 20 is formed linearly along the axial direction of the body portion 15.

  The groove 20 is formed in a rectangular cross section from a bottom surface 20a and a side surface 20b raised from both end portions of the bottom surface 20a toward the inner peripheral surface 19. The depth d1 of the groove 20 is set so as to coincide with the depth d2 of the chamfer 22 formed on the inner peripheral surface 21 of the end portion 10 of the upper tube 3. The inner peripheral surface 23 of the mouthpiece 7 is set to be flush with the inner peripheral surface 19 of the barrel channel 18.

  In the above configuration, when a performer (not shown) blows air (breath) A from the mouthpiece 7 connected to the other end 11 of the barrel 6, the air A follows the inner peripheral surface 23 of the mouthpiece 7. To the barrel flow path 18 of the barrel 6. Then, a plurality of grooves 20 are formed on the inner peripheral surface 19 (barrel flow path 18) of the barrel 6. The depth d1 of the groove 20 (the position of the bottom surface 20a) is set to coincide with the depth d2 of the chamfer 22. For this reason, the cross section which deform | transforms rapidly does not arise in the connection part of the barrel 6 and the upper pipe 3. FIG.

  Among the air A, a part of the air A1 traveling through the groove 20 hits the chamfer 22 and is guided by the inclination of the chamfer 22 and moves in an oblique direction toward the center 3a side of the upper tube 3. For this reason, the air A1 does not cause a large disturbance as shown in FIG. And since the groove | channel 20 is formed in multiple numbers, when arriving from each groove | channel 20 to the upper pipe 3, the big disturbance of the air A1 does not occur. Accordingly, the air A smoothly travels in the air flow path 8 by the amount that the groove 20 is formed. Therefore, the player does not need to devise to play so that the quality of the sound played from the bell 5 does not deteriorate by the amount that the flow of the air A (A1) due to the formation of the groove 20 is smooth. Or a good wind sound is played.

  Further, it is conceivable that a stepped portion is generated in the connection portion between the barrel 6 and the upper tube 3 due to the difference in molding accuracy between the barrel 6 and the upper tube 3. However, by forming the groove 20 as in the first embodiment of the present invention, the air A that collides with the stepped portion can be reduced. For this reason, even if a step portion is generated due to a difference in molding accuracy between the barrel 6 and the upper tube 3, the disturbance of the air A can be suppressed by the amount of the groove 20.

  In the first embodiment, the clarinet 1 is taken as an example, and an example in which the groove 20 is formed in the barrel 6 is shown. However, the groove 20 is not limited to being formed only in the barrel 6. For example, it can be formed on the inner peripheral surface of the upper tube 3 or the lower tube 4 (the upper tube 3 and the lower tube 4 correspond to connecting members). Furthermore, the woodwind instrument is not limited to the clarinet 1, but includes a flute, a piccolo, an oboe, a bassoon, a saxophone, a recorder, and the like. In these woodwind instruments, the same effect as the first embodiment can be obtained by forming a groove in a connecting member connected to another member by fitting.

  Next, based on FIG. 5 thru | or FIG. 7, 2nd embodiment of this invention is described. The wind instrument according to the second embodiment of the present invention is a trombone 25 as an example of a brass instrument. In general, the trombone 25 has a U-shaped body 26 whose end portions 32a and 32b are fitted to stockings 30 and 31 which are ends of the pair of slide inner tubes 27 and 28 and the respective slide inner tubes 27 and 28. The outer slide tube 32, the auxiliary tube 33 in which the end portion 33a is fitted to the end portion 27a of the one middle slide tube 27, the bell 34 formed integrally with the auxiliary tube 33, and the like. In addition, a mouthpiece (also referred to as a singer) 35 is connected to the end portion 28 a of the other slide middle tube 28.

  Similar to the first embodiment, as shown in FIG. 6, the groove 40 is also formed in the second embodiment. In this case, the groove 40 is formed in the inner peripheral surface 41 (flow path 42) of each stocking part 30,31. As shown in FIG. 7, the grooves 40 are arranged on the inner peripheral surface 41 at equal intervals in the circumferential direction (in this case, 45 ° intervals). The groove 40 is formed in a rectangular cross section from a bottom surface 40a and side surfaces 40b raised from both end portions of the bottom surface 40a toward the inner peripheral surface 41. The depth d3 of each groove 40 is a depth that retains the thickness of the slide inner tubes 27 and 28 (stockings 30 and 31) as much as possible, that is, a depth that can ensure a predetermined strength of the slide inner tubes 27 and 28. It is set as deep as possible (so that the thickness of the portion corresponding to the groove 40 is reduced).

  In the groove 40, one end 40 c is in the middle of the stockings 30 and 31 in the longitudinal direction, and the other end 40 d extends to the end surfaces 30 a and 30 b of the stockings 30 and 31. One end 40c of the groove 40 is formed on an inclined surface that is inclined toward the other side (inclined with respect to the radial inner and outer directions) so that the thickness of the stocking portions 30 and 31 is sequentially reduced. In the groove 40, the shape of the portion other than the shape of the one end portion 40c is formed in a rectangular cross section from the bottom surface 40a and the side surface 40b raised from both side end portions of the bottom surface 40a toward the inner peripheral surface 41. ing.

  When the performer blows air A from the mouthpiece 35, the air A passes from the mouthpiece 35 through the slide inner tube 28, through the slide outer tube 32, and reaches the slide inner tube 27. After passing through the middle slide tube 27, the auxiliary tube 33 is reached and a wind sound is played from the bell 34.

  By the way, in the trombone 25, the slide outer tube 32 is slid (reciprocating) in a state in which the stockings 30 and 31 of the slide inner tubes 27 and 28 are fitted (internally fitted) to the end portions 32a and 32b of the slide outer tube 32. By doing so, the performance is performed. Therefore, in the brass instrument including the trombone 25, the stepped portion cannot be substantially eliminated at the fitting portion (connecting portion) between the outer tube and the middle tube.

  However, in the second embodiment of the present invention, the groove 40 is formed on the inner peripheral surface 41 of both the slide middle tubes 27 and 28. That is, the area forming the step portion between each of the slide inner tubes 27 and 28 and the slide outer tube 32 is reduced by the amount of forming the groove 40. Accordingly, the flow of the air A is smoothed in the flow path 42 by that amount.

  That is, when the air A reaches the slide outer tube 32 from the stocking portion 31 or when the air A reaches the stocking portion 30 from the slide outer tube 32, the air A is greatly disturbed by the amount of the groove 40 formed in the stocking portion 30. I don't get up. Moreover, in the trombone 25, one end 40c of the groove 40 is formed on an inclined surface that inclines toward the other side so that the thickness of the stocking portions 30 and 31 is sequentially reduced. By forming in this way, the one end 40c of the groove 40 and the inner peripheral surface 41 do not have a rapidly changing cross section. Therefore, large disturbance of the air A hardly occurs at one end 40c of the groove 40.

  Further, in the trombone 25, the entire thickness of the end portions of the stocking portions 30 and 31 is not reduced, but only the portion where the plurality of grooves 40 are formed is reduced. For this reason, the strength of the frequently sliding portion of the trombone 25 at the time of performance, especially the strength (rigidity) of the inner fitting tube (in this case, the slide inner tubes 27 and 28) is suppressed from being lowered. Can withstand long-term use.

  In the second embodiment, the case of the trombone 25 has been described as an example of a brass instrument. However, other brass instruments include trumpet, horn, tuba, euphonium, saxorne and the like. In these brass instruments, the same effect as the second embodiment can be obtained by forming a groove in a connecting member connected to another member by fitting.

  FIG. 8 shows still another embodiment. In the barrel 6 of FIG. 8, the groove 20 is formed linearly along the axial direction of the body portion 15. However, the groove 20 can also be formed in a spiral shape (twist shape) along the axial direction. However, the barrel 6 is formed in a spiral shape over the entire axial direction of the inner peripheral surface 19. Similarly, the groove 40 in the second embodiment can be formed in a spiral shape. Also with these configurations, the same operational effects as those of the first embodiment and the second embodiment can be obtained. When these grooves are formed in a spiral shape, it is preferable to form one groove without rotating it in the circumferential direction. For example, a range from 0 ° to 300 ° is an example.

  Further, the number of grooves is not particularly limited in both woodwind instruments and brass instruments, and may be one or many. However, in a brass instrument, it is necessary to consider the number of grooves and the depth thereof after securing the strength of the member at the connection portion between the members. Even if there is only one groove, the area for forming the stepped portion is reduced by the amount of the formed groove, and therefore, the occurrence of air turbulence can be suppressed by that amount. Further, the grooves are not limited to being arranged at equal intervals, and can be arranged at irregular intervals (indefinite intervals). Moreover, the cross-sectional shape of the groove is not limited to a rectangle, and may be a semicircular shape or a triangular shape.

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Clarinet, 2 ... Main body, 3 ... Upper pipe, 4 ... Lower pipe, 6 ... Barrel, 7 ... Mouthpiece, 8 ... Air flow path, 15 ... Trunk part, 16, 17 ... Recessed part, 18 ... Barrel flow path, DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 19 ... Inner peripheral surface, 20 ... Groove, 21 ... Inner peripheral surface, 23 ... Inner peripheral surface, 25 ... Trombone, 26 ... Main body, 27, 28 ... Slide inner tube, 30, 31 ... Stocking part, 32 ... Outside slide Tube, 35 ... mouthpiece, 40 ... groove, 41 ... inner peripheral surface, 42 ... flow path, A ... air, A1 ... air

Claims (6)

And the instrument comprises a flow path therein, a wind instrument Ru and a connecting member formed in a tubular by providing a flow path therein,
A cylindrical recess formed to expand the flow path at the end of the connection member is provided,
The recess is connected to the instrument main body so that the end of the instrument main body is fitted therein, so that the flow path of the instrument main body and the flow path of the connecting member are communicated with each other.
An annular chamfer is formed on the inner peripheral surface at the end of the flow path of the instrument body,
On the peripheral surface of the flow path of the connection member, a groove is formed across the entire length of the connection member,
And the diameter of the flow path of the connecting member, the diameter of the instrument body of the channel is substantially the same, the depth of the groove, wind instruments characterized that you substantially equal to the depth of the chamfer.   2. The wind instrument according to claim 1, wherein the groove is formed on an inner peripheral surface of a connection member connected between the mouthpiece and the wind instrument body.   The wind instrument according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the groove is formed in a spiral shape on the inner peripheral surface of the connection member.   The wind instrument according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a plurality of grooves are arranged on the inner peripheral surface of the connection member at predetermined intervals in the circumferential direction.   The wind instrument according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the groove is formed in a rectangular cross section from a side surface facing both sides in the circumferential direction and a bottom surface between the side surfaces. 6. The wind instrument according to claim 1, wherein the connecting member is a barrel used for the clarinet, and the instrument body is an upper tube of the clarinet.

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