WO2017152862A1 - 一种天线系统和通信设备 - Google Patents

一种天线系统和通信设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017152862A1
WO2017152862A1 PCT/CN2017/076197 CN2017076197W WO2017152862A1 WO 2017152862 A1 WO2017152862 A1 WO 2017152862A1 CN 2017076197 W CN2017076197 W CN 2017076197W WO 2017152862 A1 WO2017152862 A1 WO 2017152862A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
antenna
polarized
antenna unit
unit
columns
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2017/076197
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
王强
沈龙
赵建平
阳建军
Original Assignee
华为技术有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 华为技术有限公司 filed Critical 华为技术有限公司
Publication of WO2017152862A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017152862A1/zh

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/52—Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure
    • H01Q1/521—Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure reducing the coupling between adjacent antennas
    • H01Q1/525—Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure reducing the coupling between adjacent antennas between emitting and receiving antennas
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/52—Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
    • H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
    • H01Q1/24—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of antennas, and more particularly to an antenna system and a communication device.
  • Radio frequency communication equipment usually uses different frequencies to simultaneously transmit and receive electromagnetic signals.
  • This spectrum utilization method causes waste of spectrum resources, thereby generating the same-frequency simultaneous full-duplex communication technology, that is, simultaneously performing data in the same frequency band. Transmission and reception, this spectrum utilization method can greatly improve the efficiency of spectrum utilization.
  • the problem of the same-frequency simultaneous full-duplex communication technology is that since the transmitting and receiving devices use the same frequency band, the transmitting antenna of the device will generate the same-frequency interference to the receiving antenna of the local end, and the same-frequency interference cannot be suppressed by using the filter, so The isolation between the transmitting and receiving antennas of the device is a key condition for achieving simultaneous full-duplex communication at the same frequency.
  • an isolation board is placed between the transmitting antenna and the receiving antenna, and the same-frequency interference of the transmitting antenna to the receiving antenna is reduced by reflection, but The isolation is not good.
  • a technical problem to be solved by embodiments of the present invention is to provide an antenna system and a communication device.
  • the problem of low isolation between the transmitting antenna and the receiving antenna in the prior art can be solved.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides an antenna system, including: a transmitting antenna component, an absorbing antenna component, and a receiving antenna component, the transmitting antenna component includes an array of antenna elements of M rows and N columns, and the receiving antenna component includes a P row.
  • the array of antenna elements of the Q column, the absorption antenna assembly includes an array of antenna elements of R rows and S columns and at least one absorption load, and each of the absorption antennas of the array of antenna elements of the R rows and S columns is grounded by an absorption load, for example: each antenna The vibrator is grounded through different absorption loads, or the antenna elements with the same polarization direction are grounded through the same absorption load, or all antenna elements are grounded through the same absorption load.
  • the absorption load is used to convert the electromagnetic signals received by the absorption antenna assembly into heat energy.
  • the absorption load may be a resistor, for example, a 50 ohm resistor; M, N, P, Q, R, and S are integers greater than or equal to 1, and the antenna element array of the R rows and S columns is located in the antenna unit of the M rows and N columns.
  • the center point of the cell array is on the same straight line. It can be understood that the center point is not an absolute line on the same line, and the offset of each center point can be within the allowable error range.
  • the R row and the S column are The center point of the antenna element array coincides with the center point of the antenna element array of the M rows and N columns and the center point of the antenna element array of the P rows and Q columns, so that the antenna elements of the R rows and S columns can be increased.
  • the contact area between the array and the wavefront of the electromagnetic interference signal leaked by the transmitting antenna component improves the absorption performance of the electromagnetic signal and increases the isolation between the transmitting antenna component and the receiving antenna component.
  • the transmitting antenna assembly is for transmitting electromagnetic signals
  • the receiving antenna assembly is for receiving electromagnetic signals
  • the absorbing antenna assembly is for absorbing electromagnetic interference signals of the transmitting antenna assembly leaking to the receiving antenna assembly, and the electromagnetic The interference signal is converted into thermal energy.
  • the transmitting antenna component and the receiving antenna component operate in the same-frequency simultaneous full-duplex mode, and the transmitting antenna component and the receiving antenna component use the same working frequency band to transmit and receive electromagnetic signals, and the transmitting antenna component transmits the electromagnetic signal to the receiving antenna component.
  • the same-frequency interference signal is generated, and the absorbing antenna component absorbs the co-channel interference signal, converts the co-channel interference signal into heat, reduces the co-channel interference signal leaked to the receiving antenna component, and improves the isolation between the transmitting antenna component and the receiving antenna component.
  • the antenna unit in the antenna row array of M rows and N columns may be a single-polarized antenna unit, a dual-polarized antenna unit, or a circularly-polarized antenna unit, and the type of the antenna unit in the antenna element array may be one or more types, for example, : M-row N-column antenna element array includes only single-polarized antenna elements, or M-row N-column antenna elements include mixed combination of single-polarized antenna elements and dual-polarized antenna elements; R-row-S column antenna element arrays
  • the middle antenna unit may be a single-polarized antenna unit, a dual-polarized antenna unit or a circularly-polarized antenna unit, and the antenna unit in the antenna unit array may be of one or more types, preferably, the R-row and S-column antenna units.
  • the antenna elements in the array are single-polarized antenna units to reduce the volume of the absorption antenna assembly and reduce the cost; the antenna elements in the antenna array of the P rows and Q columns may be single-polarized antenna units, dual-polarized antenna units or
  • the circularly polarized antenna unit may have one or more types of antenna elements in the antenna element array.
  • At least one of M and N has a value greater than 1; or at least one of P and Q has a value greater than 1; or at least 1 of R and S has a value greater than 1.
  • the polarization angles of the single-polarized antenna elements are equal, for example, All of 0 degrees, +/- 45 degrees and 90 degrees, so that the absorption antenna assembly can absorb more electromagnetic interference signals that the transmitting antenna assembly leaks to the receiving antenna assembly.
  • the transmit antenna assembly includes one dual-polarized antenna unit
  • the receive antenna assembly includes one dual-polarized antenna unit
  • the absorbing antenna assembly includes one single-polarized antenna unit
  • the transmit antenna assembly includes
  • the polarization angles of the dual-polarized antenna elements included in the dual-polarized antenna unit and the receiving antenna assembly need to be consistent, for example, both are +/- 45 degrees or 0/90 degrees, and the single-polarized antenna included in the absorbing antenna assembly
  • the polarization angle of the unit is not limited, and may be, for example, 0 degrees or 90 degrees.
  • the single-polarized antenna unit can be packaged with the transmitting antenna component or the receiving antenna component to reduce space occupation of the antenna system.
  • the transmitting antenna component, the receiving antenna component, and the absorbing antenna component each include one dual-polarized antenna unit, and the transmitting antenna component and the receiving antenna component include a dual-polarized antenna unit having a uniform polarization angle
  • the polarization angle of the dual-polarized antenna unit included in the absorbing antenna assembly is not limited.
  • the transmitting antenna assembly, the absorbing antenna assembly and the receiving antenna assembly comprise an antenna unit array
  • the absorbing antenna assembly comprises an antenna unit array between the transmitting antenna assembly and the antenna unit array included in the receiving antenna assembly, and the center points of the three antenna unit arrays are located On the same line, the absorbing antenna assembly absorbs the electromagnetic interference signal that the transmitting antenna assembly leaks to the receiving antenna assembly, thereby reducing the electromagnetic interference signal reaching the receiving antenna assembly and improving the isolation of the transmitting antenna assembly and the receiving antenna assembly.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an application scenario of an antenna system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna system according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna system according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna system according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna system according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna system according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna system according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna system according to a seventh embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna system according to an eighth embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna system according to a ninth embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna system according to a tenth embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna system according to an eleventh embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 13 is a graph showing the isolation characteristics of an antenna system without increasing isolation measures
  • Figure 14 is a graph showing the isolation characteristics of an antenna system in which a spacer is added
  • Figure 15 is a graph showing the isolation characteristics of an antenna system in which an absorbing antenna assembly is added.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an application scenario of an antenna system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the relay station 11 is configured to relay a transmission signal between the base station 10 and the user equipment 12, and the relay device uses the FDD mode to transmit signals, that is, the uplink direction works.
  • the frequency band f1 transmits a signal
  • the downlink direction uses the working frequency band f2 to transmit a signal; it should be noted that the relay station 11 can also transmit signals by using the TDD mode, that is, the uplink and the downlink directions use the same working frequency band to transmit signals;
  • the relay station 11 includes an antenna system.
  • the antenna system includes a transmit antenna assembly and a receive antenna assembly, the receive antenna assembly and the absorptive antenna assembly being two separate components in the relay station.
  • the relay station 11 includes, but is not limited to, relay forwarding between the base station and the user equipment, relay forwarding between the user equipment and the user equipment, relay forwarding between the base station and the base station, or other two devices. Between relay forwarding.
  • the base station 10 and the user equipment 12 also directly transmit signals, and the signals are not transmitted through the relay station 11.
  • Both the base station 10 and the base station 12 include the above-mentioned antenna system, the transmitting antenna component in the antenna system, and The receiving antenna components all operate in the same frequency and full-duplex mode.
  • the present application provides an antenna system including a transmit antenna component, a receive antenna component, and an absorbing antenna component.
  • the transmit antenna component includes an array of antenna elements of M rows and N columns
  • the receive antenna component includes an antenna of P rows and Q columns.
  • Cell array, absorbing antenna assembly including antenna rows of R rows and S columns
  • the element array and the at least one absorption load, the antenna elements in the antenna row array of the R rows and S columns are grounded by the absorption load, and the absorption load is used to convert the electromagnetic signal received by the absorption antenna assembly into thermal energy.
  • the absorption load may be a A resistor, such as a 50 ohm resistor, an array of antenna elements of row R and column S is located between an antenna element array of M rows and N columns and an antenna element array of P rows and Q columns, and an antenna element array of M rows and N columns, P row Q
  • the center point of the antenna element array of the column and the antenna element array of the R row and S column are on the same straight line, and the center point of the antenna element array represents the geometric center point when the antenna element array is regarded as a whole; preferably, the R line S
  • the center point of the column antenna element array coincides with the midpoint of the line segment of the antenna element array of the M rows and N columns and the center point of the antenna cell array of the P rows and Q columns. It can be understood that the center point is not on the same straight line. Absolute lines, the offset of each center point can be within the allowable error range.
  • each of the antenna element arrays of the M rows and N columns, the antenna element oscillators of the P rows and Q columns, and the antenna element oscillators of the R rows and S columns may be a single polarization antenna unit, a dual polarization antenna unit, or a circle.
  • the antenna unit array includes one or more types of antenna units, for example, the antenna unit array includes only a single-polarized antenna unit or a dual-polarized antenna unit or a circularly-polarized antenna unit;
  • the radiation type of the antenna unit in the antenna unit may be an omnidirectional radiation type or a directional radiation type;
  • the single-polarized antenna unit includes one antenna element, and the dual-polarized antenna unit includes two antenna elements that are perpendicular to each other and coincide with the center point.
  • the antenna element array of the M rows and N columns and the antenna element array of the P rows and Q columns may be two antenna element arrays that are symmetric, that is, the number of antenna elements and the polarization directions of the two antenna element arrays are completely the same.
  • the number of antenna elements and the polarization angle of each antenna element in the antenna element array of M rows and N columns may be the same, and the number of antenna elements and the polarization angle of each antenna element in the antenna element array of the P row and the Q column may be the same.
  • the number of antenna elements and the polarization angle of each antenna element in the antenna element array of the R rows and S columns may be the same; for the antenna element array of M rows and N columns, the antenna element array of P rows and Q columns, and the R row and S row antenna element arrays
  • the number of antenna elements, the number of antenna elements of the antenna unit, and the polarization angle may be the same or different, and the present invention is not limited thereto.
  • the transmitting antenna assembly is configured to transmit an electromagnetic signal
  • the receiving antenna assembly is configured to receive an electromagnetic signal
  • the absorbing antenna assembly is configured to absorb an electromagnetic interference signal that the transmitting antenna assembly leaks to the receiving antenna component, and convert the electromagnetic interference signal into thermal energy, thereby reducing the transmitting antenna assembly. Leakage of electromagnetic interference signals to the receiving antenna assembly improves isolation between the transmitting antenna assembly and the receiving antenna assembly. For example, when the transmitting antenna component and the receiving antenna component operate in the same-frequency simultaneous full-duplex mode, the transmitting antenna component and the receiving antenna component use the same working frequency band to transmit and receive electromagnetic signals.
  • the receiving frequency range includes the operating frequency band of the transmitting antenna component, so that the same frequency interference signal that the transmitting antenna component leaks to the receiving antenna component can be better absorbed.
  • the antenna system of the present application is applicable to various communication systems, including but not limited to GSM (Global System of Mobile communication) or CDMA (Code Division Multiple Access), or WCDMA (Wideband Code). Division Multiple Access, wideband code division multiple access), LTE (Long Term Evolution), future 5G network standard, or WiFi (Wireless-Fidelity), Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Other communication formats such as Access, WiMAX, Bluetooth, and Infrared.
  • GSM Global System of Mobile communication
  • CDMA Code Division Multiple Access
  • WCDMA Wideband Code Division Multiple Access
  • Wideband code division multiple access wideband code division multiple access
  • LTE Long Term Evolution
  • future 5G network standard Long Term Evolution
  • WiFi Wireless-Fidelity
  • Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Other communication formats such as Access, WiMAX, Bluetooth, and Infrared.
  • a grounding plate may be added to the antenna element array included in the transmitting antenna component, and a grounding plate may be added to the antenna element array included in the receiving antenna component to increase the antenna.
  • the directionality of the components may be added to the antenna element array included in the transmitting antenna component, and a grounding plate may be added to the antenna element array included in the receiving antenna component to increase the antenna.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the transmitting antenna component includes an array of antenna elements of one row and one column, and the antenna element array
  • the antenna unit array, the antenna unit in the antenna unit array is a single-polarized antenna unit, that is, the receiving antenna assembly includes a single-polarized antenna unit 23.
  • the polarization angles of the single-polarized antenna unit 21, the single-polarized antenna unit 22, and the single-polarized antenna unit 23 are both 90 degrees.
  • the center points of the single-polarized antenna unit 21, the single-polarized antenna unit 22, and the single-polarized antenna unit 23 are located on the same straight line.
  • the polarization angles of the single-polarized antenna unit 21, the single-polarized antenna 22, and the single-polarized antenna unit 23 are not limited to 90 degrees, and may be any other angle, and only need to satisfy the single-polarized antenna unit 21,
  • the polarization angles of the single-polarized antenna unit 22 and the single-polarized antenna unit 23 may be the same.
  • a center point of the single-polarized antenna unit 22 coincides with a midpoint of a line segment connecting the center points of the single-polarized antenna unit 21 and the single-polarized antenna unit 23, where
  • the center point of the single-polarized antenna according to the embodiment of the present invention represents a geometric center point to increase the absorption performance of the single-polarized antenna 22 to the electromagnetic interference signal.
  • the single-polarized antenna unit 22 is close to the single-polarized antenna unit 21, that is, the distance between the single-polarized antenna unit 22 and the single-polarized antenna unit 21 is smaller than the single polarization.
  • the distance between the antenna unit 22 and the single-polarized antenna unit 23, the single-polarized antenna unit 21 and the single-polarized antenna unit 22 are packaged together; or the single-polarized antenna unit 22 is close to the single-polarized antenna 23, that is, the single.
  • the distance between the polarized antenna 22 and the single-polarized antenna unit 23 is smaller than the distance between the single-polarized antenna unit 22 and the single-polarized antenna unit 21, and the single-polarized antenna unit 22 and the single-polarized antenna 23 can be packaged together. Avoid placing a separate component in addition to the absorbing antenna assembly and the transmitting antenna assembly to reduce the size of the antenna system.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of another antenna system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the transmitting antenna component includes an array of antenna elements of 1 row and 1 column, and 1 row and 1 column.
  • the antenna elements in the cell array are single-polarized antenna elements, and the receiving antenna components include single-polarized antenna elements 34.
  • the polarization angles of the single-polarized antenna unit 31, the single-polarized antenna unit 32, the single-polarized antenna unit 33, and the single-polarized antenna unit 34 are both 90 degrees and the center points are in a straight line.
  • the single-polarized antenna unit 32 is close to the single-polarized antenna unit 31, the single-polarized antenna unit 31 and the single-polarized antenna unit 32 are packaged together, and the single-polarized antenna unit 33 is close to the single-polarized antenna unit 34.
  • the single-polarized antenna unit 33 is close to the single-polarized antenna unit 34, the single-polarized antenna unit 33 and the single-polarized antenna unit 34 are packaged together; or the single-polarized antenna unit 32 is close to the single-polarized antenna unit 34, The polarized antenna unit 32 and the single-polarized antenna unit 34 are packaged together, the single-polarized antenna unit 33 is close to the single-polarized antenna unit 31, and the single-polarized antenna unit 31 and the single-polarized antenna unit 33 are packaged together; The polarized antenna unit 32 and the single polarized antenna unit 33 are independently packaged together.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the antenna assembly includes an array of antenna elements of one row and one column, and the antenna unit in the array of antenna elements is a single-polarized antenna unit, that is, the receiving antenna assembly includes a single-polarized antenna unit 43.
  • the single-polarized antenna unit 41, the single-polarized antenna unit 42, and the single-polarized antenna unit 42 have the same polarization angle, both of which are 0 degrees, and the center points of the three are on the same straight line.
  • the center point of the single-polarized antenna unit 42 coincides with the midpoint of the line segment connecting the center points of the single-polarized antenna unit 41 and the single-polarized antenna unit 43, so that the single-polarized antenna unit 42 and the single
  • the contact area of the wavefront of the electromagnetic interference signal leaked by the polarized antenna unit 41 increases the absorption performance and increases the isolation between the single-polarized antenna unit 41 and the single-polarized antenna unit 43.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the antenna assembly includes an array of antenna elements of one row and one column, and the antenna unit in the array of antenna elements is a dual-polarized antenna unit, that is, the receiving antenna assembly includes a dual-polarized antenna unit 53.
  • the polarization angles of the dual-polarized antenna unit 51 and the dual-polarized antenna unit 53 may be equal, for example, both +/- 45 degrees or 0/90 degrees, and +/- 45 degrees is illustrated in FIG. 5 as an example, monopole
  • the polarization angle of the antenna unit 52 is 90 degrees, and the center points of the dual-polarized antenna 51, the single-polarized antenna unit 52, and the dual-polarized antenna unit 53 are all on the same straight line.
  • the center point of the single-polarized antenna unit 52 coincides with the midpoint of the line segment to which the center points of the dual-polarized antenna unit 51 and the dual-polarized antenna unit 53 are connected.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the receiving antenna assembly includes an array of antenna elements of one row and one column, and the antenna unit in the array of antenna elements is a dual-polarized antenna unit, that is, the receiving antenna assembly includes a dual-polarized antenna unit 63.
  • the polarization angles of the dual-polarized antenna unit 61 and the dual-polarized antenna unit are the same, for example, both are +/- 45 degrees or 0/90 degrees, and the polarization angle of the single-polarized antenna 62 is 0 degrees, and the dual-polarized antenna unit 61.
  • the center points of the single-polarized antenna unit 62 and the dual-polarized antenna unit 63 are on the same straight line.
  • the center point of the single-polarized antenna unit 62 coincides with the midpoint of the line segment connecting the center points of the dual-polarized antenna unit 61 and the dual-polarized antenna unit 63.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the transmit antenna component includes an array of antenna elements of one row and one column, and an array of antenna elements.
  • the receiving antenna assembly includes an array of antenna elements of one row and one column, and the antenna unit in the array of antenna elements is a dual-polarized antenna unit, that is, the receiving antenna assembly includes a dual-polarized antenna unit 73.
  • the polarization angles of the dual-polarized antenna unit 71 and the dual-polarized antenna unit 73 are the same, for example, both are +/- 45 degrees or 0/90 degrees, and the polarization angle of the dual-polarized antenna unit 72 can be compared with the dual-polarized antenna.
  • the units 71 are equal or not equal, and the invention is not limited.
  • the polarization angle of the dual-polarized antenna unit is +/- 45 degrees or 0/90 degrees.
  • the center points of the dual polarized antenna unit 71, the dual polarized antenna unit 72, and the dual polarized antenna unit 73 are located on the same straight line.
  • the center point of the dual-polarized antenna unit 72 coincides with the midpoint of the line segment to which the center point of the dual-polarized antenna unit 71 and the dual-polarized antenna unit 73 are connected.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the antenna unit in the cell array is a single-polarized antenna unit, that is, the absorbing antenna assembly includes a single-polarized antenna unit 82, a single-polarized antenna unit 83, an absorbing load 85, and an absorbing load 86, and the single-polarized antenna unit 82 absorbs the load 85.
  • the absorbing antenna assembly includes a dual polarized antenna unit 84.
  • the polarization angles of the dual-polarized antenna unit 81 and the dual-polarized antenna unit 84 are also the same, for example, both are +/- 45 degrees or 0/90 degrees, the dual-polarized antenna unit 81, the single-polarized antenna unit 82, and the single The center points of the polarized antenna unit 83 and the dual polarized antenna unit 84 are located on the same straight line.
  • the single-polarized antenna unit 82 is close to the dual-polarized antenna unit 81, and the two are packaged together; the single-polarized antenna unit 83 is close to the dual-polarized antenna unit 84, and the two are packaged together; or single-polarized Antenna unit 83 is close to dual-polarized antenna unit 81, the two are packaged together; the single-polarized antenna unit 82 is close to the single-polarized antenna unit 84, and the two are packaged together; or the single-polarized antenna unit 82 and the single-polarized antenna unit 83 are packaged together, independent of the double The polarized antenna unit 81 and the dual polarized antenna unit 84.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the absorbing antenna assembly comprises two rows and one column of antenna element arrays and four absorbing loads, and the antenna elements in the antenna element array are dual-polarized antenna elements, each of the dual-polarized antenna elements having the same polarization direction, each antenna
  • the antenna elements in the antenna element array are dual-polarized antenna elements, and each of the dual-polarized antenna elements has the same polarization angle, that is, the receiving antenna assembly includes the dual-polarized antenna unit 95 and the dual-polarized antenna unit 96.
  • the antenna element array included in each of the transmitting antenna assembly, the absorbing antenna assembly, and the receiving antenna assembly as a whole has a center point of the three antenna element arrays in a straight line.
  • the center point of the antenna element array included in the absorbing antenna assembly coincides with the midpoint of the line segment of the antenna element array included in the transmitting antenna component and the center point of the antenna element array included in the receiving antenna component, and more electromagnetic absorption Interference signals provide isolation.
  • the dual polarized antenna elements 93 and 94 are packaged with the receive antenna assembly or packaged with the transmit antenna assembly to reduce the size of the antenna system.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the difference between the embodiment of the present invention and the embodiment of FIG. 9 is only: the polarization angle of the antenna element array of the 2 rows and 1 column included in the transmitting antenna assembly.
  • the same antenna elements share the same transmitting port; the antenna elements of the two rows and one column of the antenna element array included in the receiving antenna assembly share the same receiving port, and the transmitting antenna component and the antenna unit included in the absorbing antenna component respectively comprise
  • the array antenna can generate a highly directional electromagnetic signal by controlling the orientation of each antenna unit in the array antenna.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • each antenna element uses a different antenna port, a transmitting antenna component, and
  • the antenna unit included in the absorbing antenna assembly constitutes a MIMO antenna, which can improve the throughput of the communication system.
  • the absorbing antenna assembly includes two rows and one column of the antenna element array, and the antenna elements having the same polarization direction are grounded through the same absorbing load, thereby reducing the absorption load. The number of uses, reducing costs.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the antenna elements in the column are dual-polarized antenna elements, ie the receive antenna assembly comprises a dual-polarized antenna unit 126 and a dual-polarized antenna unit 127.
  • the antenna element arrays respectively included in the transmitting antenna assembly, the absorbing antenna assembly, and the receiving antenna assembly are integrated as a whole, and the center points of the three antenna element arrays are located on the same straight line.
  • the transmitting antenna assembly includes a dual-polarized antenna unit having a transmitting channel 1 and a transmitting channel 2, and polarization.
  • the angle is +/- 45 degrees;
  • the receiving antenna assembly includes a dual-polarized antenna unit having a receiving channel 3 and a receiving channel 4 with a polarization angle of +/- 45 degrees, and the transmitting antenna assembly and the receiving antenna assembly operate at the same frequency At the same time full duplex mode.
  • Fig. 13 is a graph showing the isolation characteristic when the antenna system is not subjected to any isolation measure.
  • the upper curve in Fig. 13 shows the isolation characteristic curve between the transmission channel 1 and the reception channel 3, and the lower curve in Fig. 13 indicates the transmission channel. Isolation characteristic curve between 1 and receiving channel 4.
  • Fig. 14 is a graph showing the isolation characteristic when the spacer is added between the transmitting antenna assembly and the receiving antenna assembly, and the upper graph in Fig. 14 shows the isolation characteristic between the transmitting channel 1 and the receiving channel 3, in Fig. 14.
  • the lower curve shows the isolation characteristic curve between the transmitting channel 1 and the receiving channel 4. Compared with FIG. 13 and FIG. 14, the curve is downwardly shifted, indicating that the isolation of the antenna system is improved to some extent after the isolation plate is added. But the effect is not obvious.
  • Figure 15 is a graph showing the isolation characteristic of adding an absorbing antenna assembly between a transmitting antenna assembly and a receiving antenna assembly, the absorbing antenna assembly including a single-polarized antenna unit and an absorbing load, polarization of the single-polarized antenna unit
  • the angle is 90 degrees
  • the upper curve in Fig. 15 represents the isolation characteristic curve between the transmitting channel 1 and the receiving channel 3
  • the lower curve in Fig. 15 represents the isolation characteristic curve between the transmitting channel 1 and the receiving channel 4. Comparing Figure 14 with Figure 15, it is found that the two curves are obviously shifted downward (about 1.5dB), indicating that the isolation between the transmitting antenna assembly and the absorbing antenna assembly is significantly improved.
  • the scheme using the system antenna assembly is based on isolation.
  • the board solution can greatly improve the isolation of the antenna system.
  • the embodiment of the invention further discloses a communication device, which may be a relay station, a base station, a home gateway, a smart phone, a tablet computer or a personal digital assistant, etc., and the communication device has an antenna system provided with an embodiment of the invention.
  • a communication device which may be a relay station, a base station, a home gateway, a smart phone, a tablet computer or a personal digital assistant, etc., and the communication device has an antenna system provided with an embodiment of the invention.

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Abstract

本申请实施例公开了一种天线系统，包括发射天线组件、接收天线组件和吸收天线组件；发射天线组件包括M行N列的天线单元阵列，接收天线组件包括P行Q列的天线单元阵列，吸收天线组件包括R行S列的天线单元阵列和至少1个吸收负载；R行S列的天线单元阵列位于M行N列的天线单元阵列和P行Q列的天线单元阵列之间，M行N列的天线单元阵列、P行Q列的天线单元阵列和R行S列的天线单元阵列的中心点位于同一条直线上。本发明实施例还公开了一种通信设备。采用本发明，能提高发射天线组件和接收天线组件之间的隔离度，降低干扰。

Description

一种天线系统和通信设备 技术领域
本发明涉及天线领域，尤其涉及一种天线系统和通信设备。
背景技术
射频通信设备通常采用不同的频率同时发射和接收电磁信号，这种频谱利用方式造成了频谱资源的浪费，由此产生了同频同时全双工通信技术，即在同一段频段上同时进行数据的发射和接收，这种频谱利用方式能极大的提升频谱的利用效率。
同频同时全双工通信技术存在的问题是，由于设备发射和接收使用相同的频段，设备的发射天线会对本端的接收天线产生同频干扰，而且同频干扰无法使用滤波器进行抑制，因此提升设备的发射天线和接收天线之间的隔离度是实现同频同时全双工通信的关键条件。
在现有技术中，为解决发射天线和接收天线之间的同频干扰问题，在发送天线和接收天线之间放置隔离板，通过反射的方式减小发射天线对接收天线的同频干扰，但是隔离效果不佳。
发明内容
本发明实施例所要解决的技术问题在于，提供一种天线系统和通信设备。可解决现有技术中发射天线和接收天线之间的隔离度不高的问题。
为了解决上述技术问题，本发明实施例提供了一种天线系统，包括：发射天线组件、吸收天线组件和接收天线组件，发射天线组件包括M行N列的天线单元阵列，接收天线组件包括P行Q列的天线单元阵列，吸收天线组件包括R行S列的天线单元阵列和至少1个吸收负载，R行S列的天线单元阵列中的每个吸收振子通过吸收负载接地，例如：每个天线振子通过不同的吸收负载接地，或极化方向相同的天线振子通过相同的吸收负载接地，或所有的天线振子通过相同的吸收负载接地，吸收负载用于将吸收天线组件接收的电磁信号转换为热能，吸收负载可以为一个电阻，例如50欧姆的电阻；M、N、P、Q、R和S均为大于或等于1的整数，R行S列的天线单元阵列位于M行N列的天线单元阵列和P行Q列的天线单元阵列之间，M行N列的天线单元阵列、P行Q列的天线单元阵列和R行S列的天线单元阵列的中心点位于同一条直线上，可以理解的是，中心点位于同一条直线上并非绝对的直线，各个中心点的偏移量可以在允许的误差范围内，优选的，R行S列的天线单元阵列的中心点重合于M行N列的天线单元阵列的中心点和P行Q列的天线单元阵列的中心点所连成线段的中点，这样能增加R行S列的天线单元阵列与发射天线组件泄露的电磁干扰信号的波面的接触面积，提高电磁信号的吸收性能，增加发射天线组件和接收天线组件之间的隔离度。发射天线组件用于发射电磁信号，接收天线组件用于接收电磁信号，吸收天线组件用于吸收发射天线组件泄露给接收天线组件的电磁干扰信号，将电磁 干扰信号转换为热能。例如，发射天线组件和接收天线组件工作在同频同时全双工模式，发射天线组件和接收天线组件采用相同的工作频段收发电磁信号，发射天线组件在发射电磁信号的过程中会对接收天线组件产生同频干扰信号，吸收天线组件吸收该同频干扰信号，将同频干扰信号转换为热量，降低泄露给接收天线组件的同频干扰信号，提高发射天线组件和接收天线组件之间的隔离度。M行N列的天线单元阵列中的天线单元可以是单极化天线单元、双极化天线单元或圆极化天线单元，天线单元阵列中的天线单元的类型可以是一种或多种，例如：M行N列的天线单元阵列中只包括单极化天线单元，或M行N列的天线单元包括单极化天线单元和双极化天线单元的混合组合；R行S列的天线单元阵列中天线单元可以是单极化天线单元、双极化天线单元或圆极化天线单元，天线单元阵列中的天线单元的类型可以是一种或多种，优选的，R行S列的天线单元阵列中的天线单元均为单极化天线单元，以减少吸收天线组件的体积和降低成本；P行Q列的天线单元阵列中的天线单元可以是单极化天线单元、双极化天线单元或圆极化天线单元，天线单元阵列中的天线单元的类型可以是一种或多种。
在一种可能的实施方式中，M和N中至少1个的取值大于1；或P和Q中至少1个的取值大于1；或R和S中至少1个的取值大于1。
在一种可能的实施方式中，在发送天线组件、吸收天线组件和接收天线组件都只包括1个单极化天线单元的情况下，这些单极化天线单元的极化角度都相等，例如，均为0度、+/-45度和90度中的任意一个，这样吸收天线组件才能更多的吸收发射天线组件泄露给接收天线组件的电磁干扰信号。
在一种可能的实施方式中，发射天线组件包括1个双极化天线单元，接收天线组件包括1个双极化天线单元，吸收天线组件包括1个单极化天线单元，发射天线组件包括的双极化天线单元和接收天线组件包括的双极化天线单元的极化角度需要保持一致，例如，二者均为+/-45度或0/90度，吸收天线组件包括的单极化天线单元的极化角度不作限制，例如，可以为0度或90度。其中，该单极化天线单元可以与发射天线组件或接收天线组件封装在一起，减少天线系统的对空间的占用。
在一种可能的实施方式中，发射天线组件、接收天线组件和吸收天线组件各自包括1个双极化天线单元，发射天线组件和接收天线组件包括的双极化天线单元的极化角度保持一致，吸收天线组件包括的双极化天线单元的极化角度不作限制。
实施本发明实施例，具有如下有益效果：
发射天线组件、吸收天线组件和接收天线组件包括天线单元阵列，吸收天线组件包括的天线单元阵列位于发射天线组件和接收天线组件包括的天线单元阵列之间，且三个天线单元阵列的中心点位于同一直线上，吸收天线组件吸收发射天线组件泄露给接收天线组件的电磁干扰信号，从而降低到达接收天线组件的电磁干扰信号，提高发射天线组件和接收天线组件的隔离度。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1是本发明实施例提供的一种天线系统的应用场景示意图；
图2是本发明第一实施例提供的一种天线系统的结构示意图；
图3是本发明第二实施例提供的一种天线系统的结构示意图；
图4是本发明第三实施例提供的一种天线系统的结构示意图；
图5是本发明第四实施例提供的一种天线系统的结构示意图；
图6是本发明第五实施例提供的一种天线系统的结构示意图；
图7是本发明第六实施例提供的一种天线系统的结构示意图；
图8是本发明第七实施例提供的一种天线系统的结构示意图；
图9是本发明第八实施例提供的一种天线系统的结构示意图；
图10是本发明第九实施例提供的一种天线系统的结构示意图；
图11是本发明第十实施例提供的一种天线系统的结构示意图；
图12是本发明第十一实施例提供的一种天线系统的结构示意图；
图13是未增加隔离措施的天线系统的隔离度特性曲线图；
图14是增加隔离板的天线系统的隔离度特性曲线图；
图15是增加吸收天线组件的天线系统的隔离度特性曲线图。
具体实施方式
图1为本发明实施例提供了一种天线系统的应用场景示意图，中继站11用于中继基站10和用户设备12之间的传输信号，中继设备采用FDD模式传输信号，即上行方向采用工作频段f1传输信号，下行方向采用工作频段f2传输信号；需要说明的是，中继站11也可以采用TDD模式传输信号，即上行方向和下行方向均采用相同的工作频段传输信号；中继站11包括天线系统，天线系统包括发射天线组件和接收天线组件，接收天线组件和吸收天线组件为在中继站中为单独分开的两个组件。
需要说明的是，中继站11包括但不限于：基站和用户设备之间的中继转发、用户设备与用户设备之间的中继转发，基站与基站之间的中继转发，或其他两个设备之间的中继转发。
在另一种可能的应用场景中，基站10和用户设备12之间也直接传输信号，不通过中继站11传输信号，基站10和基站12均包括上述的天线系统，天线系统中的发射天线组件和接收天线组件均工作同频同时全双工模式。
基于上述应用场景，本申请提出了一种天线系统，包括发射天线组件、接收天线组件和吸收天线组件，发射天线组件包括M行N列的天线单元阵列，接收天线组件包括P行Q列的天线单元阵列，吸收天线组件包括R行S列的天线单 元阵列和至少1个吸收负载，R行S列的天线单元阵列中的天线振子通过吸收负载接地，吸收负载用于将吸收天线组件接收的电磁信号转换为热能，特殊的，吸收负载可以是一个电阻，例如50欧姆的电阻，R行S列的天线单元阵列位于M行N列的天线单元阵列和P行Q列的天线单元阵列之间，且M行N列的天线单元阵列、P行Q列的天线单元阵列和R行S列的天线单元阵列的中心点位于同一条直线上，天线单元阵列的中心点表示将天线单元阵列看作一个整体时的几何中心点；优选的，R行S列天线单元阵列的中心点重合于M行N列的天线单元阵列和P行Q列的天线单元阵列的中心点连成的线段的中点，可以理解的是，中心点位于同一条直线上并非绝对的直线，各个中心点的偏移量可以在允许的误差范围内。
可选的，M行N列的天线单元阵列、P行Q列的天线单元振子和R行S列的天线单元振子中每个天线单元可以是单极化天线单元、双极化天线单元或圆形极化天线单元，天线单元阵列中包括一种或多种类型的天线单元，例如，天线单元阵列中只包括单极化天线单元或双极化天线单元或圆极化天线单元；天线单元阵列中的天线单元的辐射类型可以是全向辐射类型或定向辐射类型；单极化天线单元包含1个天线振子，双极化天线单元包含2个相互垂直且中心点重合的天线振子。其中，M行N列的天线单元阵列和P行Q列的天线单元阵列可以为对称的两个天线单元阵列，即两个天线单元阵列中天线单元的数量和极化方向完全相同。
可选的，M行N列的天线单元阵列中各个天线单元的天线振子数量和极化角度可以相同，P行Q列的天线单元阵列中各个天线单元的天线振子数量和极化角度可以相同，R行S列的天线单元阵列中各个天线单元的天线振子数量和极化角度可以相同；对于M行N列的天线单元阵列、P行Q列的天线单元阵列和R行S行天线单元阵列而言，三者的天线单元数量、天线单元的天线振子数量和极化角度可以相同，也可以不相同，本发明不作限制。
发射天线组件用于发射电磁信号，接收天线组件用于接收电磁信号，吸收天线组件用于吸收发射天线组件泄露给接收天线组件的电磁干扰信号，将电磁干扰信号转换为热能，从而降低发射天线组件泄露给接收天线组件的电磁干扰信号，提高发射天线组件和接收天线组件之间的隔离度。例如，发射天线组件和接收天线组件工作在同频同时全双工模式时，发射天线组件和接收天线组件采用相同的工作频段收发电磁信号，由于发射天线组件的功率远大于接收天线组件的功率，因此发射天线组件会对接收天线组件造成很强的同频干扰，R行S列的天线单元阵列位于M行N列的天线单元阵列和P行Q列的天线单元阵列之间，吸收天线组件的接收频率范围包括发射天线组件的工作频段，这样能更好的吸收发射天线组件泄露给接收天线组件的同频干扰信号。
本申请的天线系统适用于多种通信制式，包括但不限于GSM(Global System ofMobile communication，全球移动通讯)或CDMA(Code Division Multiple Access，码分多址)中的，也可以是WCDMA(Wideband Code Division Multiple  Access，宽带码分多址)，还可以是LTE(Long Term Evolution，长期演进)，未来5G网络制式，或者是WiFi(Wireless-Fidelity，无线保真)、全球微波互联接入(Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access，WiMAX)、蓝牙和红外线等其他通信制式。
需要说明的是，为了提升发射天线组件和接收天线组件的定向辐射性能，可以为发射天线组件包括的天线单元阵列增加接地板，同时为接收天线组件包括的天线单元阵列增加接地板，以增加天线组件的方向性。
参见图2，为本发明实施例提供的一种天线系统的结构示意图，在本发明实施例中，M＝N＝1，发射天线组件包括1行1列的天线单元阵列，天线单元阵列中的天线单元为单极化天线单元，即发射天线组件包括单极化天线单元21；R＝S＝1，吸收天线组件包括1行1列的天线单元阵列和1个吸收负载，1行1列的天线单元阵列中的天线单元为单极化天线单元，吸收负载为一个电阻，即吸收天线组件包括单极化天线单元22和吸收负载24；P＝Q＝1，接收天线组件包括1行1列的天线单元阵列，天线单元阵列中的天线单元为单极化天线单元，即接收天线组件包括单极化天线单元23。单极化天线单元21、单极化天线单元22和单极化天线单元23的极化角度均为90度。单极化天线单元21、单极化天线单元22和单极化天线单元23的中心点位于同一直线上。
需要说明的是，单极化天线单元21、单极化天线22和单极化天线单元23的极化角度并不限于90度，可以是其他任意角度，只需要满足单极化天线单元21、单极化天线单元22和单极化天线单元23的极化角度均相同即可。
可选的，在一种可能的实施方式中，单极化天线单元22的中心点重合于单极化天线单元21和单极化天线单元23的中心点连成的线段的中点，其中，本发明实施例所述的单极化天线的中心点表示几何中心点，以增加单极化天线22对电磁干扰信号的吸收性能。
可选的，在一种可能的实施方式中，单极化天线单元22接近于单极化天线单元21，即单极化天线单元22与单极化天线单元21之间的距离小于单极化天线单元22与单极化天线单元23之间的距离，单极化天线单元21和单极化天线单元22封装在一起；或者，单极化天线单元22接近于单极化天线23，即单极化天线22与单极化天线单元23之间的距离小于单极化天线单元22与单极化天线单元21之间的距离，单极化天线单元22和单极化天线23可封装在一起，避免在吸收天线组件和发射天线组件之外单独设置一个部件，以减少天线系统的体积。
参见图3，为本发明实施例提供的另一种天线系统的结构示意图，在本发明实施例中，M＝N＝1，发射天线组件包括1行1列的天线单元阵列，1行1列天线单元阵列中天线单元为单极化天线单元，即发射天线组件包括单极化天线单元31；R＝1，S＝2，吸收天线组件包括1行2列的天线单元阵列，天线单元阵列中的天线单元为单极化天线单元，吸收天线组件包括单极化天线单元32和单极化天线单元33；P＝1，Q＝1，接收天线组件包括1行1列的天线单元阵列，天线 单元阵列中的天线单元为单极化天线单元，接收天线组件包括单极化天线单元34。单极化天线单元31、单极化天线单元32、单极化天线单元33和单极化天线单元34的极化角度均为90度且中心点在一条直线上。可选的，单极化天线单元32接近于单极化天线单元31，单极化天线单元31和单极化天线单元32封装在一起，单极化天线单元33接近于单极化天线单元34，单极化天线单元33接近于单极化天线单元34，单极化天线单元33和单极化天线单元34封装在一起；或单极化天线单元32接近于单极化天线单元34，单极化天线单元32和单极化天线单元34封装在一起，单极化天线单元33接近于单极化天线单元31，单极化天线单元31和单极化天线单元33封装在一起；或单极化天线单元32和单极化天线单元33是独立的封装在一起。
参见图4，为本发明实施例提供的一种天线系统的结构示意图，在本发明实施例中，M＝1，N＝1，发射天线组件包括1行1列的天线单元阵列，天线单元阵列中的天线单元为单极化天线单元，即发送天线组件包括单极化天线单元41；R＝1，S＝1，吸收天线组件包括1行1列的天线单元阵列和1个吸收负载，天线单元阵列中的天线单元为单极化天线单元，即吸收天线组件包括单极化天线单元42和吸收负载44，单极化天线单元42通过吸收负载44接地；P＝1，Q＝1，接收天线组件包括1行1列的天线单元阵列，天线单元阵列中的天线单元为单极化天线单元，即接收天线组件包括单极化天线单元43。单极化天线单元41、单极化天线单元42和单极化天线单元42的极化角度相同，均为0度，且三者的中心点在同一条直线上。优选的，单极化天线单元42的中心点重合于单极化天线单元41和单极化天线单元43的中心点连成的线段的中点，这样可增大单极化天线单元42与单极化天线单元41泄露的电磁干扰信号的波面的接触面积，增加吸收性能，增加单极化天线单元41和单极化天线单元43之间隔离度。
参见图5，为本发明实施例提供的一种天线系统的结构示意图，在本发明实施例中，M＝1，N＝1，发射天线组件包括1行1列的天线单元阵列，天线单元阵列中的天线单元为双极化天线单元，即发射天线组件包括双极化天线单元51；R＝1，S＝1，吸收天线组件包括1行1列的天线单元阵列和1个吸收负载，天线单元阵列中的天线单元为单极化天线单元，即吸收天线组件包括单极化天线单元52和吸收负载54，单极化天线单元52通过吸收负载55接地；P＝1，Q＝1，接收天线组件包括1行1列的天线单元阵列，天线单元阵列中的天线单元为双极化天线单元，即接收天线组件包括双极化天线单元53。双极化天线单元51和双极化天线单元53的极化角度可以相等，例如均为+/-45度或0/90度，图5中以+/-45度为例进行说明，单极化天线单元52的极化角度为90度，双极化天线51、单极化天线单元52和双极化天线单元53的中心点均在同一条直线上。优选的，单极化天线单元52的中心点重合于双极化天线单元51和双极化天线单元53的中心点连成的线段的中点。
参见图6，为本发明实施例提供的一种天线系统的结构示意图，在本发明实施例中，M＝1，N＝1，发射天线组件包括1行1列的天线单元阵列，天线单元阵 列中的天线单元为双极化天线单元，即发射天线组件包括双极化天线单元61；R＝1，S＝1，吸收天线组件包括1行1列的天线单元阵列和1个吸收负载，天线单元阵列中的天线单元为单极化天线单元，即吸收天线组件包括单极化天线单元62和吸收负载64，单极化天线单元62通过吸收负载64接地；P＝1，Q＝1，接收天线组件包括1行1列的天线单元阵列，天线单元阵列中的天线单元为双极化天线单元，即接收天线组件包括双极化天线单元63。双极化天线单元61和双极化天线单元的极化角度相同，例如均为+/-45度或0/90度，单极化天线62的极化角度为0度，双极化天线单元61、单极化天线单元62和双极化天线单元63的中心点在同一条直线上。优选的，单极化天线单元62的中心点重合于双极化天线单元61和双极化天线单元63的中心点连成的线段的中点。
参见图7，为本发明实施例提供的一种天线系统的结构示意图，在本发明实施例中，M＝1，N＝1，发射天线组件包括1行1列的天线单元阵列，天线单元阵列中的天线单元为双极化天线单元，即发射天线组件包括双极化天线单元71；R＝1，S＝1，吸收天线组件包括1行1列的天线单元阵列和2个吸收负载(吸收负载74和吸收负载75)，天线单元阵列中的天线单元为双极化天线单元，即吸收天线组件包括双极化天线单元72、吸收负载74和吸收负载75；P＝1，Q＝1，接收天线组件包括1行1列的天线单元阵列，天线单元阵列中的天线单元为双极化天线单元，即接收天线组件包括双极化天线单元73。双极化天线单元71和双极化天线单元73的极化角度相同，例如：均为+/-45度或0/90度，双极化天线单元72的极化角度可以与双极化天线单元71相等，也可以不相等，本发明不作限制，例如：双极化天线单元的极化角度为+/-45度或0/90度。双极化天线单元71、双极化天线单元72和双极化天线单元73的中心点位于同一条直线上。优选的，双极化天线单元72的中心点重合于双极化天线单元71和双极化天线单元73的中心点连成的线段的中点。
参见图8，为本发明实施例提供的一种天线系统的结构示意图，在本发明实施例中，M＝1，N＝1，发射天线组件包括1行1列的天线单元阵列，天线单元阵列中的天线单元为双极化天线单元，即发射天线组件包括双极化天线单元81；R＝1，S＝2，吸收天线组件包括1行2列的天线阵列单元和2个吸收负载，天线单元阵列中的天线单元为单极化天线单元，即吸收天线组件包括单极化天线单元82、单极化天线单元83、吸收负载85和吸收负载86，单极化天线单元82通过吸收负载85接地，单极化天线单元83通过吸收负载86接地；P＝1，Q＝1，接收天线组件包括1行1列的天线单元阵列，天线单元阵列中的天线单元为双极化天线单元，即吸收天线组件包括双极化天线单元84。
双极化天线单元81和双极化天线单元84的极化角度也相同，例如：均为+/-45度或0/90度，双极化天线单元81、单极化天线单元82、单极化天线单元83和双极化天线单元84的中心点位于同一条直线上。可选的，单极化天线单元82接近于双极化天线单元81，二者封装在一起；单极化天线单元83接近于双极化天线单元84，二者封装在一起；或单极化天线单元83接近于双极化天线单元 81，二者封装在一起；单极化天线单元82接近于单极化天线单元84，二者封装在一起；或单极化天线单元82和单极化天线单元83封装在一起，独立于双极化天线单元81和双极化天线单元84。
参见图9，为本发明实施例提供的一种天线系统的结构示意图，在本发明实施例中，M＝2，N＝1，发射天线组件包括2行1列的天线单元阵列,天线单元阵列中天线单元均为双极化天线单元，每个双极化天线单元的极化方向均相同，即发射天线组件包括双极化天线单元91和双极化天线单元92；R＝2，S＝1，吸收天线组件包括2行1列的天线单元阵列和4个吸收负载，天线单元阵列中的天线单元为双极化天线单元，每个双极化天线单元的极化方向相同，每个天线振子通过不同的吸收负载接地，即吸收天线组件包括双极化天线单元93、双极化天线单元94和4个吸收负载；P＝2，Q＝1，接收天线组件包括2行1列的天线单元阵列，天线单元阵列中的天线单元为双极化天线单元，每个双极化天线单元的极化角度相同，即接收天线组件包括双极化天线单元95和双极化天线单元96。发射天线组件、吸收天线组件和接收天线组件各自包括的天线单元阵列作为一个整体，三个天线单元阵列的中心点位于一条直线上。可选的，吸收天线组件包括的天线单元阵列的中心点重合于发射天线组件包括的天线单元阵列和接收天线组件包括的天线单元阵列的中心点连成的线段的中点，更多的吸收电磁干扰信号，提供隔离度。可选的，双极化天线单元93和94与接收天线组件封装在一起，或与发射天线组件封装在一起，以减少天线系统的体积。
参见图10，为本发明实施例提供的一种天线系统的结构示意图，本发明实施例和图9实施例的区别仅在于：发射天线组件包括的2行1列的天线单元阵列中极化角度相同的天线振子共用同一个发射端口；接收天线组件包括的2行1列的天线单元阵列中极化角度相同的天线振子共用同一个接收端口，发射天线组件和吸收天线组件包括的天线单元分别组成阵列天线，通过控制阵列天线中各个天线单元的朝向可使阵列天线产生方向性很强的电磁信号。
参见图11，为本发明实施例提供的一种天线系统的结构示意图，在本发明实施例和图9实施例实施例的区别仅在于：每个天线振子使用不同的天线端口，发射天线组件和吸收天线组件包括的天线单元组成MIMO天线，可提高通信系统的吞吐量，吸收天线组件包括2行1列的天线单元阵列中极化方向相同的天线振子通过相同的吸收负载接地，可减少吸收负载的使用数量，降低成本。
参见图12，为本发明实施例提供的一种天线系统的结构示意图，在本发明实施例中，M＝2，N＝2，发射天线组件包括2行2列的天线单元阵列，天线单元阵列中的天线单元为双极化天线单元，即发射天线组件包括双极化天线单元121、双极化天线单元122、双极化天线单元123和双极化天线单元124；R＝1，S＝1，吸收天线组件包括1行1列的天线单元阵列和2个吸收负载，天线单元阵列中的天线单元为双极化天线单元，即吸收天线组件包括双极化天线单元125、吸收负载128和吸收负载129，双极化天线单元125的两个天线振子通过不同的吸收负载接地；P＝1，Q＝2，接收天线组件包括1行2列的天线单元阵列，天线单元阵 列中的天线单元为双极化天线单元，即接收天线组件包括双极化天线单元126和双极化天线单元127。发射天线组件、吸收天线组件和接收天线组件各自包括的天线单元阵列作为一个整体，三个天线单元阵列的中心点位于同一条直线上。
参见图13-图15，针对具体的实施例对本发明实施例的天线系统的隔离度的情况进行说明，发射天线组件包括1个双极化天线单元，具有发射通道1和发送通道2，极化角度为+/-45度；接收天线组件包括1个双极化天线单元，具有接收通道3和接收通道4，极化角度为+/-45度，发射天线组件和接收天线组件工作在同频同时全双工模式。
图13表示天线系统未采用任何隔离措施时的隔离度特性曲线图，图13中上方的曲线表示发射通道1和接收通道3之间的隔离度特性曲线图，图13中下方的曲线表示发射通道1和接收通道4之间的隔离度特性曲线图。
图14表示在发射天线组件和接收天线组件之间增加隔离板时的隔离度特性曲线图，图14中上方的曲线表示发射通道1和接收通道3之间的隔离度特性曲线图，图14中下方的曲线表示发射通道1和接收通道4之间的隔离度特性曲线图，对比图13和图14可以发现曲线向下偏移，表明增加隔离板后天线系统的隔离度得到一定程度的提高，但是效果不明显。
图15表示在发射天线组件和接收天线组件之间增加一个吸收天线组件的隔离度特性曲线图，吸收天线组件包括1个单极化天线单元和1个吸收负载，单极化天线单元的极化角度为90度，图15中上方的曲线表示发射通道1和接收通道3之间的隔离度特性曲线图，图15中下方的曲线表示发射通道1和接收通道4之间的隔离度特性曲线图，对比图14和图15，发现两个曲线明显向下偏移(约1.5dB)，表明发射天线组件和吸收天线组件之间的隔离度得到明显提升，采用系统天线组件的方案由于采用隔离度板的方案，能大幅提高天线系统的隔离度。
本发明实施例还公开了一种通信设备，通信设备可以是中继站、基站、家庭网关、智能手机、平板电脑或个人数字助理等，通信设备具有设置有本发明实施例的天线系统。
以上所揭露的仅为本发明一种较佳实施例而已，当然不能以此来限定本发明之权利范围，本领域普通技术人员可以理解实现上述实施例的全部或部分流程，并依本发明权利要求所作的等同变化，仍属于发明所涵盖的范围。

Claims (15)

  1. 一种天线系统，其特征在于，包括发射天线组件、接收天线组件和吸收天线组件；
    所述发射天线组件包括M行N列的天线单元阵列，所述接收天线组件包括P行Q列的天线单元阵列，所述吸收天线组件包括R行S列的天线单元阵列和至少1个吸收负载，所述R行S列的天线单元阵列中的每个天线振子均通过吸收负载接地；所述R行S列的天线单元阵列位于所述M行N列的天线单元阵列和所述P行Q列的天线单元阵列之间，所述M行N列的天线单元阵列、所述P行Q列的天线单元阵列和所述R行S列的天线单元阵列的中心点位于同一条直线上；其中，M、N、P、Q、R和S均为大于或等于1的整数。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的天线系统，其特征在于，M＝N＝1，所述发射天线组件包括1个单极化天线单元；P＝Q＝1，所述接收天线组件包括1个单极化天线单元；R＝S＝1，所述吸收天线组件包括1个单极化天线单元和1个吸收负载；所述发射天线组件、所述接收天线组件和所述吸收天线组件包括的单极化天线单元的极化角度均相等。
  3. 如权利要求2所述的天线系统，其特征在于，单极化天线单元的极化角度为0度、45度和90度中的任意一个。
  4. 如权利要求1所述的天线系统，其特征在于，M＝N＝1，所述发射天线组件包括1个双极化天线单元；P＝Q＝1，所述接收天线组件包括1个双极化天线单元；R＝S＝1，所述吸收天线组件包括1个单极化天线单元和1个吸收负载。
  5. 如权利要求1或4所述的天线系统，其特征在于，所述吸收天线组件包括的天线单元的中心点重合于所述发射天线组件包括的天线单元和所述接收天线组件包括的天线单元的中心点所连成线段的中点。
  6. 如权利要求1所述的天线系统，其特征在于，M＝N＝1，所述发射天线组件包括1个双极化天线单元；P＝Q＝1，所述接收天线组件包括1个双极化天线单元；R＝1，S＝2，所述吸收天线组件包括1行2列的天线单元阵列，所述1行2列的天线单元阵列中每个天线单元为单极化天线单元，其中，一个单极化天线单元接近于所述发射天线组件包括的双极化天线单元，另一个单极化天线单元接近于所述接收天线组件包括的双极化天线单元。
  7. 如权利要求1所述的天线系统，其特征在于，M＝N＝1，所述发射天线组件包括1个双极化天线单元；P＝Q＝1，所述接收天线组件包括1个双极化天线单 元；R＝S＝1，所述吸收天线组件包括1个双极化天线单元、第一吸收负载和第二吸收负载；所述吸收天线组件包括的双极化天线单元中两个天线振子分别通过所述第一吸收负载和所述第二吸收负载接地。
  8. 如权利要求7所述的天线系统，其特征在于，所述发射天线组件包括的1个双极化天线单元和所述接收天线组件包括的1个双极化天线单元的极化角度相同。
  9. 如权利要求7或8所述的天线系统，其特征在于，所述吸收天线组件包括的1个双极化天线单元的极化角度为+/-45度或0/90度。
  10. 如权利要求1所述的天线系统，其特征在于，R＝S＝1，所述吸收天线组件包括1个单极化天线单元。
  11. 如权利要求1所述的天线系统，其特征在于，
    M和N中至少一个大于1；或
    P和Q中至少一个大于1。
  12. 如权利要求11所述的天线系统，其特征在于，R和S中至少一个大于1，所述R行S列的天线单元阵列中每个天线振子通过不同的吸收负载接地；或所述R行S列的天线单元阵列中极化角度相同的天线振子通过同一吸收负载接地。
  13. 如权利要求11或12所述的天线系统，其特征在于，所述M行N列的天线单元阵列中极化方向相同的天线振子共用同一发射天线端口，所述P行Q列的天线单元阵列中极化方向相同的天线振子共用同一接收天线端口。
  14. 如权利要求1-13任意一项所述的天线系统，其特征在于，所述发射天线组件和所述接收天线组件工作在同频同时全双工模式。
  15. 一种通信设备，其特征在于，包括如权利要求1-14任意一项所述的天线系统。
PCT/CN2017/076197 2016-03-11 2017-03-09 一种天线系统和通信设备 WO2017152862A1 (zh)

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