WO2017150732A1 - チオール基をアミノ基近傍に有するアミノ酸をn末端に持つ非環状ペプチド-核酸複合体、そのライブラリー、およびそれから誘導される環状ペプチド-核酸複合体ライブラリーの製造方法 - Google Patents
チオール基をアミノ基近傍に有するアミノ酸をn末端に持つ非環状ペプチド-核酸複合体、そのライブラリー、およびそれから誘導される環状ペプチド-核酸複合体ライブラリーの製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WHRNULOCNSKMGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran thf Chemical compound C1CCOC1.C1CCOC1 WHRNULOCNSKMGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000003831 tetrazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- WROMPOXWARCANT-UHFFFAOYSA-N tfa trifluoroacetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(F)(F)F.OC(=O)C(F)(F)F WROMPOXWARCANT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001113 thiadiazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000000335 thiazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000001544 thienyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000003568 thioethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006276 transfer reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000004306 triazinyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000003852 triazoles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000001425 triazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000006000 trichloroethyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000003866 trichloromethyl group Chemical group ClC(Cl)(Cl)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000004205 trifluoroethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])(*)C(F)(F)F 0.000 description 1
- QIVBCDIJIAJPQS-UHFFFAOYSA-M tryptophanate Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(CC(N)C([O-])=O)=CNC2=C1 QIVBCDIJIAJPQS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000005253 yeast cell Anatomy 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07K—PEPTIDES
- C07K19/00—Hybrid peptides, i.e. peptides covalently bound to nucleic acids, or non-covalently bound protein-protein complexes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07H—SUGARS; DERIVATIVES THEREOF; NUCLEOSIDES; NUCLEOTIDES; NUCLEIC ACIDS
- C07H21/00—Compounds containing two or more mononucleotide units having separate phosphate or polyphosphate groups linked by saccharide radicals of nucleoside groups, e.g. nucleic acids
- C07H21/04—Compounds containing two or more mononucleotide units having separate phosphate or polyphosphate groups linked by saccharide radicals of nucleoside groups, e.g. nucleic acids with deoxyribosyl as saccharide radical
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07H—SUGARS; DERIVATIVES THEREOF; NUCLEOSIDES; NUCLEOTIDES; NUCLEIC ACIDS
- C07H21/00—Compounds containing two or more mononucleotide units having separate phosphate or polyphosphate groups linked by saccharide radicals of nucleoside groups, e.g. nucleic acids
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07H—SUGARS; DERIVATIVES THEREOF; NUCLEOSIDES; NUCLEOTIDES; NUCLEIC ACIDS
- C07H21/00—Compounds containing two or more mononucleotide units having separate phosphate or polyphosphate groups linked by saccharide radicals of nucleoside groups, e.g. nucleic acids
- C07H21/02—Compounds containing two or more mononucleotide units having separate phosphate or polyphosphate groups linked by saccharide radicals of nucleoside groups, e.g. nucleic acids with ribosyl as saccharide radical
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07K—PEPTIDES
- C07K1/00—General methods for the preparation of peptides, i.e. processes for the organic chemical preparation of peptides or proteins of any length
- C07K1/06—General methods for the preparation of peptides, i.e. processes for the organic chemical preparation of peptides or proteins of any length using protecting groups or activating agents
- C07K1/061—General methods for the preparation of peptides, i.e. processes for the organic chemical preparation of peptides or proteins of any length using protecting groups or activating agents using protecting groups
- C07K1/063—General methods for the preparation of peptides, i.e. processes for the organic chemical preparation of peptides or proteins of any length using protecting groups or activating agents using protecting groups for alpha-amino functions
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07K—PEPTIDES
- C07K5/00—Peptides containing up to four amino acids in a fully defined sequence; Derivatives thereof
- C07K5/04—Peptides containing up to four amino acids in a fully defined sequence; Derivatives thereof containing only normal peptide links
- C07K5/12—Cyclic peptides with only normal peptide bonds in the ring
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07K—PEPTIDES
- C07K7/00—Peptides having 5 to 20 amino acids in a fully defined sequence; Derivatives thereof
- C07K7/04—Linear peptides containing only normal peptide links
- C07K7/06—Linear peptides containing only normal peptide links having 5 to 11 amino acids
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07K—PEPTIDES
- C07K7/00—Peptides having 5 to 20 amino acids in a fully defined sequence; Derivatives thereof
- C07K7/04—Linear peptides containing only normal peptide links
- C07K7/08—Linear peptides containing only normal peptide links having 12 to 20 amino acids
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07K—PEPTIDES
- C07K7/00—Peptides having 5 to 20 amino acids in a fully defined sequence; Derivatives thereof
- C07K7/64—Cyclic peptides containing only normal peptide links
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
- C12N15/00—Mutation or genetic engineering; DNA or RNA concerning genetic engineering, vectors, e.g. plasmids, or their isolation, preparation or purification; Use of hosts therefor
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
- C12N15/00—Mutation or genetic engineering; DNA or RNA concerning genetic engineering, vectors, e.g. plasmids, or their isolation, preparation or purification; Use of hosts therefor
- C12N15/09—Recombinant DNA-technology
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12P—FERMENTATION OR ENZYME-USING PROCESSES TO SYNTHESISE A DESIRED CHEMICAL COMPOUND OR COMPOSITION OR TO SEPARATE OPTICAL ISOMERS FROM A RACEMIC MIXTURE
- C12P19/00—Preparation of compounds containing saccharide radicals
- C12P19/26—Preparation of nitrogen-containing carbohydrates
- C12P19/28—N-glycosides
- C12P19/30—Nucleotides
- C12P19/34—Polynucleotides, e.g. nucleic acids, oligoribonucleotides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12P—FERMENTATION OR ENZYME-USING PROCESSES TO SYNTHESISE A DESIRED CHEMICAL COMPOUND OR COMPOSITION OR TO SEPARATE OPTICAL ISOMERS FROM A RACEMIC MIXTURE
- C12P21/00—Preparation of peptides or proteins
- C12P21/02—Preparation of peptides or proteins having a known sequence of two or more amino acids, e.g. glutathione
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a peptide comprising a plurality of amino acid analogs in which an amino acid having a thiol group in the vicinity of an amino group is arranged at the N-terminus, and an efficient translation technique for the peptide and nucleic acid complex.
- the present invention also relates to a peptide having a cyclic portion containing a plurality of amino acid analogs, a complex of the peptide and a nucleic acid, and a method for producing a library containing the peptide.
- Non-Patent Document 6 considering that peptides cyclized by thioether bonds, which are produced by conventional methods, are generally susceptible to oxidative metabolism (Non-Patent Document 6), there remains room for improvement in metabolic stability. Yes.
- the peptide library cyclized by the amide bond reported in Patent Document 1 is superior in membrane permeability and metabolic stability compared to the peptide library having the thioether cyclization site described above.
- Patent Document 1 The following three methods have been reported to translate and synthesize peptides having a cysteine or cysteine analog at the N-terminus, which is the cyclized peptide precursor.
- iRT initiation-read-through
- Patent Document 1 discloses that when cysteine and a cysteine analog are unprotected, it is difficult to prepare an aminoacyl-tRNA, and a pentenoyl group or 6-nitroveratryloxycarbonyl as a protecting group for an amino group. It has been reported that an aminoacyl-tRNA having a (NVOC) group was used.
- Non-Patent Documents 5, 8, 9 are methods using aminoacyl-tRNA, an amino acid analog that is directly involved in the translation introduction site.
- Non-patent Document 10 a phenomenon is known in which peptides that are cut before and after the introduction point of an amino acid analog (these are defined as “cleaved peptides”) are generated.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above-described problems, and provides an efficient translation technique for a peptide containing a plurality of amino acid analogs in which an amino acid residue having a thiol group in the vicinity of the amino group is arranged at the N-terminus.
- the purpose is to do.
- Another object of the present invention is to provide a peptide having a cyclic part containing a plurality of amino acid analogs and having a cyclization site by an amide bond, a complex of the peptide and a nucleic acid, and a library containing the peptide. To do.
- the present inventors have proposed that the translation initiation method, which has not been directly involved in the translation elongation reaction, is useful for the translation efficiency of amino acid analogues and the purity of the product downstream of translation and the generation of cleaved peptides as impurities. It was made clear that it would have an impact. This fact cannot be detected by the usual evaluation method (that is, evaluation with peptides composed of natural amino acids other than the N-terminal), and is possible only by evaluation with peptides containing multiple amino acid analogs. It became.
- the present inventors are amino acid residues having a thiol group in the vicinity of an amino group in the presence of various functional groups in a peptide or a complex of a peptide and a nucleic acid, and both the thiol group and the amino group are selective. Moreover, when a peptide having an amino acid residue protected at a specific protecting group capable of quantitative deprotection at the N-terminus is translated by the iSP method, the initiation probability of the translation reaction is improved and a cleavage peptide is generated. It was clarified that translation efficiency and purity were improved.
- the present inventors are able to efficiently cyclize the peptide obtained by using the iSP method and the peptide site of the peptide-nucleic acid complex, and the peptide having the cyclization site and the peptide-nucleic acid complex. A new production method has been found and the present invention has been achieved.
- the present invention includes the following.
- [1] A method for producing a peptide containing two or more amino acid analog residues and having a cyclic part, a complex of the peptide and a nucleic acid, or a library containing the complex,
- R1 is a thiol protecting group capable of translational synthesis
- R2 and R3 are each independently a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, an alkenyl group, an alkynyl group, an aryl group, a heteroaryl group, an aralkyl group, or a cycloalkyl group, and these groups may be substituted.
- R2 and R3 together with the atoms to which they are attached form a ring; or R2 or R3 together with R4 and the atoms to which they are attached form a ring, provided that R2
- R4 is alkylene, arylene, heteroarylene, alkylenearylene, alkyleneheteroarylene, arylenealkylene, or heteroarylenealkylene, and these groups may be substituted
- R11 and R12 are each independently a single bond, alkylene, arylene, heteroarylene, alkylenearylene, alkyleneheteroarylene, arylenealkylene, or heteroarylenealkylene, and these groups may be substituted
- SP-1 together with the N atom to which it is attached and R2 form an azide group
- R1 is S—R23, wherein R23 is alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, heteroaryl, or aralkyl, and these groups may be substituted, sulfonate (—SO 3 ⁇ ), and thio
- R23 is methyl, ethyl, isopropyl, tert-butyl, phenyl, p-trifluoromethylphenyl, p-fluorophenyl, benzyl, or phenethyl, and these groups may be substituted, [2] the method of.
- R4 is the following: (Wherein R13 to R18 are each independently a hydrogen atom, an optionally substituted alkyl, or an optionally substituted alkoxy), selected from the group consisting of [1] to [4] The method according to any one of the above. [6] The method according to [5], wherein R13 to R18 are each independently a hydrogen atom or methyl.
- R11 and R12 are each independently a single bond, or Wherein R13 ′ to R18 ′ are each independently selected from the group consisting of a hydrogen atom, an optionally substituted alkyl, or an optionally substituted alkoxy.
- R13 ′ to R18 ′ are each independently a hydrogen atom or a methyl group.
- the amino acid residue represented by the general formula (I) has the following general formula: (Where R1 to R4 and SP-1 have the same meanings as R1 to R4 and SP-1 described in [1], respectively.
- R13 ′ to R16 ′ each have the same meaning as R13 ′ to R16 ′ described in [7].
- the amino acid residue represented by the general formula (II) has the following general formula: (Where R1, R4 and SP-1 have the same meanings as R1, R4 and SP-1 described in [1], respectively. R13 ′ to R18 ′ each have the same meaning as R13 ′ to R18 ′ described in [7].
- the amino acid residue represented by the general formula (I) has the following general formula: (Where R1 to R3 and SP-1 have the same meanings as R1 to R3 and SP-1 described in [1], respectively; R13 to R16 each represent the same meaning as R13 to 16 described in [5]; R13 ′ to R16 ′ each have the same meaning as R13 ′ to R16 ′ described in [7]; or R2 forms a ring together with R13, R14, R15 or R16 and the atoms to which they are bonded.
- An amino acid residue, or The amino acid residue represented by the general formula (II) has the following general formula: (Where R1 and SP-1 each have the same meaning as R1 and SP-1 described in [1]; R13 to R18 each have the same meaning as R13 to R18 described in [5]; R13 ′ to R18 ′ each have the same meaning as R13 ′ to R18 ′ described in [7].
- SP-1 is 4-azidobenzyloxycarbonyl (p-Acbz), 2-azidobenzyloxycarbonyl (o-Acbz), azidomethoxycarbonyl (Azoc), phenyldisulfanylethyloxycarbonyl (Phdec), 2-pyridyldi Sulfanylethyloxycarbonyl (Pydec), or 2- (t-butyldisulfanyl) ethyloxycarbonyl (Tbeoc), or SP-1 together with the N atom to which it is attached and R2 form an azide group
- SP-1 is 4-azidobenzyloxycarbonyl (p-Acbz), 2-azidobenzyloxycarbonyl (o-Acbz), azidomethoxycarbonyl (Azoc), phenyldisulfanylethyloxycarbonyl (Phdec), 2-pyridyldi Sulfanyleth
- R 2 ′′ and R 3 ′′ are each independently a hydrogen atom, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, heteroaryl, aralkyl, or cycloalkyl, and these groups may be substituted, or R 2 ′′ and R 3 ′ "Is taken together with the atoms to which they are attached to form a ring; or R2" or R3 "is taken together with R26 and to the atoms to which they are attached; R25 is a hydroxyl group or forms an active ester with the CO to which it is attached; R26 is alkylene, arylene, heteroarylene, arylenealkylene, or heteroarylenealkylene, and these groups may be substituted.)
- R26 is the following: Wherein R13 ′′ to R18 ′′ are each independently selected from
- An amino acid residue having a second reactive site in one of the side chains is represented by the following general formula: (Where R2 ′′ represents the same meaning as R2 ′′ described in [12]; R3 "is a hydrogen atom or an optionally substituted C1-C4 alkyl group; R27 represents a hydrogen atom, an optionally substituted alkyl group, an optionally substituted alkenyl group, an optionally substituted alkynyl group, an optionally substituted aryl group, an optionally substituted heteroaryl group, substituted A cycloalkyl group which may be substituted or an aralkyl group which may be substituted)
- An amino acid residue having a second reactive site in one of the side chains is represented by the following general formula: (Where R2 ′′ represents the same meaning as R2 ′′ described in [12]; R3 "is a hydrogen atom
- the amino acid residue represented by the following general formula (I) or the following general formula (II) having the first reaction point has an N-terminal, and has a second reaction point in one of its side chains.
- the amino acid residue represented by the general formula (I) is represented by the following formula: (Wherein R1, R2, and SP-1 are the same as R1, R2, and SP-1 in [1], respectively). Or an amino acid residue represented by the general formula (II) is represented by the following formula: (Where R1 is -S-R23; R23 is C1-C20 alkyl, optionally substituted phenyl, or optionally substituted benzyl; SP-1 is p-Acbz, o-Acbz, or Azoc) The method according to any one of [1] to [18], wherein the amino acid residue is represented by any one of the following: [26] The amino acid residue represented by the general formula (I) is represented by the following formula: (Wherein R1 and SP-1 are the same as R1 and SP-1 in [1], respectively, R2 is a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group, and the alkyl group may be substituted) Or an amino acid residue represented by: The amino acid residue represented by the general formula (II
- a peptide containing a plurality of amino acid analogs, a complex of the peptide and a nucleic acid can be translationally synthesized with high yield and purity while suppressing the formation of a cleaved peptide, and can be efficiently cyclized.
- a peptide having a drug-like cyclic portion containing a plurality of amino acid analogs, a complex of the peptide and a nucleic acid, and a display library of the complex are provided. Since the display library constructed using the present invention can translate and synthesize peptides containing many amino acid analogs with higher efficiency than conventional methods, the probability of obtaining more diverse drug-like hit compounds is further increased.
- amino acid residues having a thiol group in the vicinity of an amino group including not only L-cysteine but also D-cysteine, L or DN methylcysteine, can be introduced into the N-terminus by translation. It becomes possible. Therefore, it is possible to provide a more diverse drag-like display library.
- the hit compound obtained from the mRNA display library according to the present invention already has excellent membrane permeability and metabolic stability, it can be efficiently optimized as a pharmaceutical product.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing confirmation by electrophoresis of a translational synthetic peptide having a p-Acbz-protected cysteine analog at the N-terminus.
- FIG. 2-1 is a diagram showing confirmation of p-Acbz-protected N-methylcysteine translational synthesized peptide by MALDI TOF ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ MS.
- FIG. 2-2 is a diagram showing confirmation by p-Acbz-protected N-methyl-D-cysteine translation synthesis peptide by MALDI TOF MS.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing confirmation by electrophoresis of a translational synthetic peptide having a p-Acbz-protected cysteine analog at the N-terminus.
- FIG. 2-1 is a diagram showing confirmation of p-Acbz-protected N-methylcysteine translational synthesized peptide by MALDI TOF ⁇ ⁇ ⁇
- FIG. 2-3 is a diagram showing confirmation of o-Acbz or p-Acbz protected N-methylcysteine translation synthesized peptide by MALDIMALTOF MS.
- FIG. 3A is a diagram showing confirmation by electrophoresis of a translation-synthesized peptide of Acbz-protected N-methylcysteine.
- FIG. 3-2 is a diagram showing confirmation by electrophoresis of a translational synthetic peptide of N-methylcysteine protected with o-Acbz or p-Acbz.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the results of MALDI-TOF MS analysis when the same peptide was translationally synthesized using the translation initiation methods of the initiation suppression method and the initiation read-through method.
- the MS intensity of the target was observed stronger in the Initiation suppression method.
- the MS intensity of the cleaved peptide was observed to be weaker, and each MS intensity was 1/20 or less as compared with the target product.
- FIG. 5 is a view showing the MS intensity of the target product and by-product cleaved peptide obtained when translation synthesis of a peptide containing a plurality of amino acid analogs by each translation initiation method.
- the graph showing the cleaved peptide MS intensity represents the total value of the MS intensities when a plurality of cleaved peptides are observed. Comparing the Initiationthroughread-through method and the Initiation suppression method, the MS intensity of the target product was observed to be stronger and the MS intensity of the cleaved peptide was observed to be weaker.
- Fig. 6-1 shows the deprotection of the N-methylcysteine protecting group after translation synthesis of a peptide having an N-methylcysteine having a protecting group at the N-terminus and an active ester in the side chain of the C-terminal amino acid.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram showing mass spectra of a compound obtained by a cyclization reaction by native chemical ligation and an amide cyclized peptide obtained by a subsequent desulfurization reaction.
- FIG. 6B is a diagram showing a continuation of FIG. 6A.
- FIG. 6C is a diagram showing a continuation of FIG.
- FIG. 6-4 is a diagram showing a continuation of FIG. 6-3.
- FIG. 6-5 is a continuation of FIG. 6-4.
- FIG. 6-6 is a diagram showing a continuation of FIG. 6-5.
- FIG. 7 is a diagram showing the results of electrophoretic evaluation of RNA stability under Acbz deprotection reaction, cyclization reaction by native chemical ligation, and desulfurization reaction conditions.
- alkyl is a monovalent group derived by removing one arbitrary hydrogen atom from an aliphatic hydrocarbon, and contains a heteroatom or an unsaturated carbon-carbon bond in the skeleton. It has a subset of hydrocarbyl or hydrocarbon group structures containing hydrogen and carbon atoms. The length n of the carbon chain is in the range of 1-20.
- alkyl examples include “C1-C6 alkyl”, specifically, methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl, pentyl, hexyl, isopropyl, t-butyl group, sec-butyl group, 1-methylpropyl group, 1,1-dimethylpropyl group, 2,2-dimethylpropyl, 1,2-dimethylpropyl, 1,1,2-trimethylpropyl, 1,2,2-trimethylpropyl, 1,1,2,2-tetramethyl Propyl, 1-methylbutyl, 2-methylbutyl, 3-methylbutyl, 1,1-dimethylbutyl, 1,2-dimethylbutyl, 1,1-dimethylbutyl, 1,2-dimethylbutyl, 1,3-dimethylbutyl, 2 , 2-dimethylbutyl, 2,3-dimethylbutyl, 3,3-dimethylbutyl, 1-ethylbutyl, 2-ethylbutyl, isopent Le, methyl
- alkenyl is a monovalent group having at least one double bond (two adjacent SP2 carbon atoms). Depending on the arrangement of the double bonds and substituents (if present), the geometry of the double bond can take the Enthogen (E) or Tuzanmen (Z), cis or trans configurations. Examples of alkenyl include straight chain or branched chain, and include straight chain containing internal olefin. C2-C10 alkenyl is preferable, and C2-C6 alkenyl is more preferable.
- alkenyl examples include vinyl, allyl, 1-propenyl, 2-propenyl, 1-butenyl, 2-butenyl (including cis and trans), 3-butenyl, pentenyl, hexenyl and the like. It is done.
- alkynyl is a monovalent group having at least one triple bond (two adjacent SP carbon atoms). Examples include linear or branched alkynyl, including internal alkylene. Preferred is C2-C10 alkynyl, and more preferred is C2-C6 alkynyl.
- alkynyl examples include ethynyl, 1-propynyl, propargyl, 3-butynyl, pentynyl, hexynyl, 3-phenyl-2-propynyl, 3- (2′-fluorophenyl) -2-propynyl, 2- Examples include hydroxy-2-propynyl, 3- (3-fluorophenyl) -2-propynyl, 3-methyl- (5-phenyl) -4-pentynyl and the like.
- cycloalkyl means a saturated or partially saturated cyclic monovalent aliphatic hydrocarbon group, and includes a monocyclic ring, a bicyclo ring, and a spiro ring.
- C3-C10 cycloalkyl is used.
- Specific examples of cycloalkyl include cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl, cyclooctyl, bicyclo [2.2.1] heptyl, and the like.
- aryl means a monovalent aromatic hydrocarbon ring, preferably C6-C10 aryl.
- aryl include phenyl, naphthyl (for example, 1-naphthyl, 2-naphthyl) and the like.
- heteroaryl means a monovalent group of an aromatic ring which preferably contains 1 to 5 heteroatoms in the atoms constituting the ring, and is partially saturated. May be.
- the ring may be monocyclic or two fused rings (eg, bicyclic heteroaryl fused with benzene or monocyclic heteroaryl).
- the number of atoms constituting the ring is preferably 5 to 10 (5-membered to 10-membered heteroaryl).
- heteroaryl examples include furyl, thienyl, pyrrolyl, imidazolyl, pyrazolyl, thiazolyl, isothiazolyl, oxazolyl, isoxazolyl, oxadiazolyl, thiadiazolyl, triazolyl, tetrazolyl, pyridyl, pyrimidyl, pyridazinyl, pyrazinyl, triazinyl, benzofuranyl, benzofuranyl Thienyl, benzothiadiazolyl, benzothiazolyl, benzoxazolyl, benzooxadiazolyl, benzimidazolyl, indolyl, isoindolyl, indazolyl, quinolyl, isoquinolyl, cinnolinyl, quinazolinyl, quinoxalinyl, benzodioxolyl, indolizinyl, imidazopyr
- arylalkyl is a group containing both aryl and alkyl.
- it means a group in which at least one hydrogen atom of the alkyl is substituted with aryl, preferably “C5 -C10 aryl C1-C6 alkyl ".
- aryl preferably “C5 -C10 aryl C1-C6 alkyl ".
- benzyl and the like can be mentioned.
- alkylene means a divalent group derived by removing one arbitrary hydrogen atom from the “alkyl”, and the alkylene is preferably C1-C2 alkylene, C1-C3 alkylene, C1-C4 alkylene, C1-C5 alkylene, C1-C6 alkylene may be mentioned.
- alkylene include methylene, 1,2-ethylene, 1,1-ethylene, 1,3-propylene, tetramethylene, pentamethylene, hexamethylene and the like.
- arylene means a divalent group derived by further removing one arbitrary hydrogen atom from the aryl.
- Arylene may be a single ring or a condensed ring.
- the number of atoms constituting the ring is not particularly limited, but is preferably 6 to 10 (C6-10 arylene).
- Specific examples of the arylene include phenylene and naphthylene.
- heteroarylene means a divalent group derived by removing any one hydrogen atom from the heteroaryl.
- the heteroarylene may be a single ring or a condensed ring.
- the number of atoms constituting the ring is not particularly limited, but is preferably 5 to 10 (5-membered to 10-membered heteroarylene).
- heteroarylene examples include pyrrole diyl, imidazole diyl, pyrazole diyl, pyridine diyl, pyridazine diyl, pyrimidine diyl, pyrazine diyl, triazole diyl, triazine diyl, isoxazole diyl, oxazole diyl, oxadiazole diyl, isothiazole diyl, thiazole Examples include diyl, thiadiazole diyl, flangedyl, and thiophene diyl.
- alkylene arylene means a divalent group in which the alkylene and the arylene are bonded at an arbitrary position, and an alkylene is bonded to the basic skeleton side.
- Specific examples of the alkylene arylene include -C1-C6 alkylene-C6-C10 arylene.
- arylene alkylene means a divalent group in which the arylene and the alkylene are bonded at an arbitrary position, and an arylene is bonded to the basic skeleton side.
- Specific examples of the arylene alkylene include -C6-C10 arylene-C1-C6 alkylene.
- alkylene heteroarylene means a divalent group in which the alkylene and the heteroarylene are bonded at an arbitrary position, and an alkylene is bonded to the basic skeleton side.
- alkylene heteroarylene include —C1-C6 alkylene-5-membered to 10-membered heteroarylene.
- heteroarylene alkylene means a divalent group in which the heteroarylene and the alkylene are bonded at an arbitrary position, and the heteroarylene is bonded to the basic skeleton side.
- Specific examples of the heteroarylene alkylene include -5-membered to 10-membered heteroarylene-C1-C6 alkylene.
- the “active ester” is a group containing a carbonyl that reacts with an amino group to form an amide bond, and a group in which, for example, OBt, OAt, OSu, OPfp, SR1, and the like are bonded to the carbonyl. And is a group capable of promoting the reaction with an amine.
- reaction auxiliary group is a group that is introduced in the vicinity of a functional group to be bonded in order to selectively cause a reaction at a desired position and activates the functional group with respect to the bonding reaction.
- a reaction auxiliary group can be introduced on either or both sides of carbonyl and amine. Such a reaction assisting group can be removed together with the binding reaction or after the binding reaction.
- ⁇ Peptide, Peptide and Nucleic Acid Complex -Peptide having a cyclic part, complex of the peptide and nucleic acid
- the cyclic part of the peptide having a cyclic part, the complex of the peptide and nucleic acid is the peptide after translation synthesis, the complex of the peptide and the nucleic acid It is formed by subjecting the body to an amidation reaction.
- the peptide portion of the complex of peptide and nucleic acid is sometimes referred to as “peptide site”.
- “nucleic acid” includes DNA and mRNA.
- a peptide having a cyclic part formed by amidation after translation synthesis a peptide obtained by further chemically modifying the peptide site of the complex of the peptide and nucleic acid, and a complex of peptide and nucleic acid are also peptides of the present invention. Included in the complex of peptide and nucleic acid.
- the peptide of the present invention may have a linear part.
- the number of amide bonds (number and length of amino acids) at the peptide and peptide sites is not particularly limited, but when it has a linear part, it is preferably within 30 residues including the cyclic part and the linear part.
- the number of straight chain parts is not particularly limited, it may have one or more straight chain parts.
- the total number of amino acids including the cyclic part and the linear part is preferably 13 residues or less. In order to obtain high metabolic stability, the total number of amino acids is preferably 9 or more.
- the number of amino acids constituting the cyclic portion is preferably 5 to 12, more preferably 5 to 11, and more preferably 7 to 11. More preferably, it is particularly preferably 9 to 11.
- the number of amino acids in the straight chain portion is preferably 0 to 8, and more preferably 0 to 3.
- Scheme A is a scheme illustrating peptide sites (before and after cyclization) in the peptide-nucleic acid complex of the present invention.
- White circle ( ⁇ ) unit crossing unit
- black circle ( ⁇ ) unit annular part main chain unit
- square ( ⁇ ) unit straight chain part main chain unit
- triangular ( ⁇ ) unit cyclized N-terminal unit
- Each means an amino acid constituting the peptide site.
- Each unit may be the same amino acid or a different amino acid.
- the unit means any one of the amino acid after translation synthesis before cyclization, the amino acid after cyclization, and the amino acid at the time when the chemical modification after cyclization is completed.
- the amino acid at the time when the chemical modification after cyclization is completed includes an amino acid translated from one tRNA by chemical conversion or skeleton conversion by post-translational chemical modification.
- the annular portion is a portion composed of one triangular unit, eight black circle units, and one white circle unit, and the linear portion is a portion composed of six square units.
- the curve part of Scheme A is a site to be cyclized after translation (post-translational cyclization part), and this part is bonded by an amide bond.
- the peptide or peptide portion of the present invention requires a reactive functional group for the triangular unit or the crossing unit described in Scheme A, a drug-like amino acid is not necessarily selected for the triangular unit or the crossing unit.
- the cyclic portion preferably contains two or more amino acid analog residues.
- the peptide of the present invention a complex of a peptide and a nucleic acid, can be converted into two linear chains by, for example, further performing an intramolecular cyclization reaction after cyclization of a triangular unit and a crossing unit according to Scheme A.
- a cyclic peptide having a part (linear part 1 and linear part 2) can be obtained (see WO2013 / 100132).
- translation synthesis means to synthesize a peptide or peptide moiety by translating the peptide or peptide moiety from a nucleic acid (eg, DNA, RNA) encoding the peptide or peptide moiety.
- Translation is a process of obtaining a linear peptide by repeating an amide bond reaction using mRNA as a template by the action of ribosomes.
- post-translational modification means a chemical reaction that occurs after translation automatically or by addition of a reagent other than the action of ribosome, and includes, for example, a cyclization reaction, a desulfurization reaction, and a deprotection reaction. Can do.
- the triangular unit (N-terminal unit before cyclization) in the peptide or peptide site before cyclization is an amino acid residue having a thiol group in the vicinity of the amino group, and both the thiol group and the amino group are protected. Those protected by groups can be used.
- an amino acid residue specifically, the general formula (I): Or general formula (II): The amino acid residue represented by these is mentioned.
- the cross-unit in the peptide or peptide site before cyclization includes a functional group (first reaction point) possessed by the amino acid of the triangular unit and a functional group (second reaction point) that can be cyclized by an amide bond.
- first reaction point possessed by the amino acid of the triangular unit
- second reaction point a functional group that can be cyclized by an amide bond.
- the side chain In the crossover unit, the amino group and carboxyl group of the main chain are used for covalent bond formation with other amino acid residues in translation synthesis, and the third functional group is necessary for post-translational cyclization, so that a total of 3 It must have at least one functional group.
- the functional group of the side chain part of an intersection unit is used for the cyclization reaction after translation.
- the crossing unit can be incorporated at any position in the peptide site before cyclization as long as it is a cyclizable position, but the cyclization or post-translational modification after cyclization is performed. It is preferably incorporated at a position where the number of amino acids in the part is 5 to 12, and more preferably incorporated at a position where it is 5 to 11. That is, in the present invention, the crossing unit is preferably incorporated at a position on the C-terminal side of at least 4 amino acid residues (for example, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 or 10 amino acid residues) from the triangular unit.
- Such a crossing unit include the following general formula (III) or (III-OH): The amino acid residue represented by these is mentioned.
- the black circle unit and the square unit are selected from amino acids, preferably selected from drug-like amino acids.
- drug-like amino acid refers to an amino acid constituting a drug-like peptide site, and means the same skeleton as the “amino acid”, that is, the same skeleton as ⁇ , ⁇ and ⁇ -amino acids. .
- the drug-like amino acids are selected from L-type amino acids, D-type amino acids, ⁇ , ⁇ -dialkyl amino acids and the like.
- one in which two hydrogen atoms of the main chain amino group (NH 2 group) are substituted with methyl, and one or two of the methyl hydrogen atoms are further alkyl, cycloalkyl, alkenyl.
- Alkynyl, aryl, heteroaryl, aralkyl and the like may be substituted.
- one or two hydrogen atoms of the main chain methylene (—CH 2 —) are substituted with alkyl, cycloalkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, heteroaryl, aralkyl or the like, or “drug-likeness Also included are those in which “contributing substituents” are directly substituted.
- substituents of “drug-like amino acid” may be further substituted with “substituents contributing to drug-likeness”.
- the “substituent that contributes to drug likeness” includes, for example, hydroxyl (—OH), oxy (—OR), amide (—NR—CO—R ′ or —CO—NRR ′), sulfonyl (— SO 2 —R), sulfinyl (—SO—R), halogen, oxyamino (—NR—OR ′), aminooxy (—O—NRR ′), oxycarbonyl (—CO—OR), thiocarbonyl (—CO —SR), thiol (—SH), thio (—SR), primary amino (—NH 2 ), secondary amino (—NHR) or tertiary amino (—NRR ′), sulfonylamino (—NH—SO 2) -R), boryl (-BRR '), Jiokishiboriru
- the “drug-like amino acid” includes a side chain portion of a peptide (for example, when a hit compound is obtained with D-tyrosine, a D-type amino acid chemically modified therefrom, and a hit compound with ⁇ -alanine. Is obtained from the chemically modified ⁇ -amino acids), or all chemically synthesizeable amino acids optimized for the structure of the N-terminal substitution moiety by chemical conversion of N-methyl amino acids. .
- drug-likeness or “drug-like” means that the peptide site targets at least an oral agent, an intracellular region of an intracellular protein, a nucleic acid, a membrane protein, or a transmembrane domain of a membrane protein. In addition, it means having membrane permeability and metabolic stability that can be used as a pharmaceutical product.
- the peptide or peptide part of the present invention may not have a linear part, but by having a linear part, it is possible to enhance the function of the peptide or peptide part having a cyclic part.
- the peptide or peptide moiety when used to inhibit the binding of a certain receptor to a ligand, the peptide or peptide moiety has a linear portion, so that the peptide Alternatively, the binding activity of the peptide site to the receptor or ligand can be increased. And the binding inhibitory effect of a receptor and a ligand can be heightened by the enhancement of the binding activity (see WO2013 / 100132).
- amino acid constituting the peptide or peptide site may be a “natural amino acid” or an “amino acid analog”.
- amino acid”, “natural amino acid”, and “amino acid analog” may be referred to as “amino acid residue”, “natural amino acid residue”, and “amino acid analog residue”, respectively.
- Natural amino acid is ⁇ -aminocarboxylic acid ( ⁇ -amino acid), and refers to 20 types of amino acids contained in proteins. Specifically, Gly, Ala, Ser, Thr, Val, Leu, Ile, Phe, Tyr, Trp, His, Glu, Asp, Gln, Asn, Cys, Met, Lys, Arg, and Pro.
- Amino acid analog includes non-natural amino acids (eg, non-natural ⁇ -amino acids, ⁇ -amino acids, ⁇ -amino acids).
- an ⁇ -amino acid it may be a D-type amino acid or an ⁇ , ⁇ -dialkyl amino acid.
- ⁇ and ⁇ -amino acids any configuration is allowed as in the case of ⁇ -amino acids.
- the side chain (main chain methylene) of the amino acid analog is not particularly limited, but may have, for example, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, heteroaryl, aralkyl, cycloalkyl in addition to a hydrogen atom.
- C1-C6 alkyl optionally having halogen as a substituent means “C1-C6 alkyl” substituted with one or more halogen atoms, specifically, For example, trifluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, fluoromethyl, pentapuroethyl, tetrafluoroethyl, trifluoroethyl, difluoroethyl, fluoroethyl, trichloromethyl, dichloromethyl, chloromethyl, pentachloroethyl, tetrachloroethyl, trichloroethyl , Dichloroethyl, chloroethyl and the like.
- optionally substituted C5-C10 aryl C1-C6 alkyl means that at least one hydrogen atom of aryl and / or alkyl of “C5-C10 aryl C1-C6 alkyl” is substituted. Means a group substituted by a group.
- substituents include, for example, having a functional group containing an S atom and further having a functional group such as amino or halogen. .
- the main chain amino group of the amino acid analog may be unsubstituted (NH 2 group), substituted (ie, NHR group: R is an optionally substituted alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, heteroaryl, aralkyl And a carbon chain bonded to the N atom and a carbon atom at the ⁇ -position may form a ring, such as proline, and the substituent is the same as the substituent on the side chain, For example, halogen, oxy, hydroxy, etc. may be mentioned.
- alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, heteroaryl, aralkyl, cycloalkyl applies the above definition of the functional group correspondingly.
- alkoxy means a group in which a hydrogen atom of a hydroxyl group is substituted with the alkyl, and preferred examples include “C1-C6 alkoxy”.
- the “amino acid analog” also includes hydroxycarboxylic acids in which the amino group of “amino acid” is replaced with a hydroxyl group.
- the hydroxycarboxylic acid may have various substituents like other amino acid analogs.
- the configuration of the hydroxycarboxylic acid may correspond to either the L-type or D-type amino acid.
- the side chain is not particularly limited, but is selected from, for example, optionally substituted alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, heteroaryl, aralkyl, cycloalkyl, and the like.
- halogen-derived substituent examples include fluoro (—F), chloro (—Cl), bromo (—Br), iodo (—I) and the like.
- Examples of the substituent derived from the O atom include hydroxyl (—OH), oxy (—OR), carbonyl (—C ⁇ O—R), carboxyl (—CO 2 H), oxycarbonyl (—C ⁇ O—OR), Carbonyloxy (—O—C ⁇ O—R), thiocarbonyl (—C ⁇ O—SR), carbonylthio group (—S—C ⁇ O—R), aminocarbonyl (—C ⁇ O—NHR), carbonyl Amino (—NH—C ⁇ O—R), oxycarbonylamino (—NH—C ⁇ O—OR), sulfonylamino (—NH—SO 2 —R), aminosulfonyl (—SO 2 —NHR), sulfa Examples include moylamino (—NH—SO 2 —NHR), thiocarboxyl (—C ( ⁇ O) —SH), and carboxylcarbonyl (—C ( ⁇ O) —CO 2 H).
- oxy examples include alkoxy, cycloalkoxy, alkenyloxy, alkynyloxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, aralkyloxy and the like.
- carbonyl examples include formyl (—C ⁇ O—H), alkylcarbonyl, cycloalkylcarbonyl, alkenylcarbonyl, alkynylcarbonyl, arylcarbonyl, heteroarylcarbonyl, aralkylcarbonyl and the like. .
- Examples of oxycarbonyl include alkyloxycarbonyl, cycloalkyloxycarbonyl, alkenyloxycarbonyl, alkynyloxycarbonyl, aryloxycarbonyl, heteroaryloxycarbonyl, aralkyloxycarbonyl and the like.
- (-C O-OR)
- carbonyloxy examples include alkylcarbonyloxy, cycloalkylcarbonyloxy, alkenylcarbonyloxy, alkynylcarbonyloxy, arylcarbonyloxy, heteroarylcarbonyloxy, aralkylcarbonyloxy and the like.
- thiocarbonyl examples include alkylthiocarbonyl, cycloalkylthiocarbonyl, alkenylthiocarbonyl, alkynylthiocarbonyl, arylthiocarbonyl, heteroarylthiocarbonyl, aralkylthiocarbonyl and the like.
- carbonylthio examples include alkylcarbonylthio, cycloalkylcarbonylthio, alkenylcarbonylthio, alkynylcarbonylthio, arylcarbonylthio, heteroarylcarbonylthio, aralkylcarbonylthio and the like. .
- aminocarbonyl examples include alkylaminocarbonyl, cycloalkylaminocarbonyl, alkenylaminocarbonyl, alkynylaminocarbonyl, arylaminocarbonyl, heteroarylaminocarbonyl, aralkylaminocarbonyl and the like.
- compounds in which the H atom bonded to the N atom in —C ⁇ O—NHR is further substituted with alkyl, cycloalkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, heteroaryl, aralkyl are exemplified.
- Examples of carbonylamino include alkylcarbonylamino, cycloalkylcarbonylamino, alkenylcarbonylamino, alkynylcarbonylamino, arylcarbonylamino, heteroarylcarbonylamino, aralkylcarbonylamino and the like. .
- compounds in which the H atom bonded to the N atom in —NH—C ⁇ O—R is further substituted with alkyl, cycloalkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, heteroaryl or aralkyl.
- Examples of oxycarbonylamino include alkoxycarbonylamino, cycloalkoxycarbonylamino, alkenyloxycarbonylamino, alkynyloxycarbonylamino, aryloxycarbonylamino, heteroaryloxycarbonylamino, aralkyloxy And carbonylamino.
- alkoxycarbonylamino cycloalkoxycarbonylamino
- alkenyloxycarbonylamino alkynyloxycarbonylamino
- aryloxycarbonylamino heteroaryloxycarbonylamino
- aralkyloxy And carbonylamino aralkyloxy And carbonylamino.
- sulfonylamino examples include alkylsulfonylamino, cycloalkylsulfonylamino, alkenylsulfonylamino, alkynylsulfonylamino, arylsulfonylamino, heteroarylsulfonylamino, aralkylsulfonylamino and the like.
- alkylsulfonylamino examples include alkylsulfonylamino, cycloalkylsulfonylamino, alkenylsulfonylamino, alkynylsulfonylamino, arylsulfonylamino, heteroarylsulfonylamino, aralkylsulfonylamino and the like.
- H atom bonded to the N atom in —NH—SO 2 —R is further substituted with alkyl, cycloalkyl,
- aminosulfonyl examples include alkylaminosulfonyl, cycloalkylaminosulfonyl, alkenylaminosulfonyl, alkynylaminosulfonyl, arylaminosulfonyl, heteroarylaminosulfonyl, aralkylaminosulfonyl and the like.
- compounds in which the H atom bonded to the N atom in —SO 2 —NHR is further substituted with alkyl, cycloalkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, heteroaryl, aralkyl are exemplified.
- sulfamoylamino examples include alkylsulfamoylamino, cycloalkylsulfamoylamino, alkenylsulfamoylamino, alkynylsulfamoylamino, arylsulfamoylamino, hetero Arylsulfamoylamino, aralkylsulfamoylamino and the like can be mentioned.
- the two H atoms bonded to the N atom in —NH—SO 2 —NHR are substituents independently selected from the group consisting of alkyl, cycloalkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, heteroaryl, and aralkyl. They may be substituted, and these two substituents may form a ring.
- Substituents derived from S atoms include thiol (—SH), thio (—S—R), sulfinyl (—S ⁇ O—R), sulfonyl (—S (O) 2 —R), sulfo (—SO 3 H). ).
- thio examples are selected from alkylthio, cycloalkylthio, alkenylthio, alkynylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, aralkylthio and the like.
- sulfinyl examples include alkylsulfinyl, cycloalkylsulfinyl, alkenylsulfinyl, alkynylsulfinyl, arylsulfinyl, heteroarylsulfinyl, aralkylsulfinyl and the like.
- sulfonyl examples include alkylsulfonyl, cycloalkylsulfonyl, alkenylsulfonyl, alkynylsulfonyl, arylsulfonyl, heteroarylsulfonyl, aralkylsulfonyl and the like.
- azide (—N 3 , also referred to as “azido group”), cyano (—CN), primary amino (—NH 2 ), secondary amino (—NH—R), tertiary amino (—NR (R ′)), amidino (—C ( ⁇ NH) —NH 2 ), substituted amidino (—C ( ⁇ NR) —NR′R ′′), guanidino (—NH—C ( ⁇ NH) —NH 2 ), substituted guanidino (—NR—C ( ⁇ NR ′ ′′) — NR′R ′′), and aminocarbonylamino (—NR—CO—NR′R ′′).
- secondary amino examples include alkylamino, cycloalkylamino, alkenylamino, alkynylamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, aralkylamino and the like.
- tertiary amino are independently selected from alkyl, cycloalkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, heteroaryl, aralkyl and the like, for example, alkyl (aralkyl) amino And an amino group having two arbitrary substituents, and these two arbitrary substituents may form a ring.
- substituted amidino examples include three substituents R, R ′, and R ′′ on the N atom that are alkyl, cycloalkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, hetero Groups independently selected from aryl and aralkyl, for example, alkyl (aralkyl) (aryl) amidino and the like can be mentioned.
- substituted guanidino examples include R, R ′, R ′′, and R ′ ′′ where alkyl, cycloalkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl , A heteroaryl group and an aralkyl group independently selected from each other, or a group in which these form a ring.
- aminocarbonylamino examples are those where R, R ′, and R ′′ are selected from among hydrogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, heteroaryl, aralkyl Examples thereof include a group independently selected from each other, or a group that forms a ring.
- substituent derived from the B atom examples include boryl (—BR (R ′)) and dioxyboryl (—B (OR) (OR ′)). These two substituents R and R ′ are each independently selected from alkyl, cycloalkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, heteroaryl, aralkyl and the like, or they may form a ring .
- At least one atom that constitutes a peptide or peptide moiety is an atom (isotope) that has the same atomic number (number of protons) and a different mass number (sum of protons and neutrons). Also good.
- isotopes contained in the "amino acid" constituting the peptide site include a chlorine atom, respectively, 2 H , 3 H, 13 C, 14 C, 15 N, 17 O, 18 O, 31 P, 32 P, 35 S, 18 F, 36 Cl, and the like.
- non-natural amino acids amino acid analogs
- amino acid analogs amino acid analogs
- Many of these unnatural amino acids can be purchased with protected or unprotected side chains and protected or unprotected amine sites. Those that cannot be purchased can be synthesized by known methods.
- N-Me amino acids can be used as non-natural amino acids.
- N-alkyl amino acids can also be used as non-natural amino acids.
- D-type amino acids can also be used as non-natural amino acids.
- ⁇ , ⁇ -dialkyl amino acids can also be used as non-natural amino acids.
- amino acids can also be used as non-natural amino acids.
- peptide having a circular portion of the present invention a complex of the peptide and a nucleic acid (peptide-nucleic acid complex), or a library of peptide-nucleic acid complexes is produced using, for example, a method including the steps described below. Is possible.
- the acyclic peptide or peptide moiety has the following general formula (I) or general formula (II) having the first reaction site: And 2) a first reaction point, a second reaction point, and an amino acid residue having a second reaction point in one of the side chains on the C-terminal side; And reacting with a reaction site of the method to form an amide bond.
- an initiation suppression (iSP) method is used for translational synthesis of an acyclic peptide or peptide site.
- methionine is generally translated as an N-terminal amino acid as a translation initiation amino acid.
- starting tRNA for initiating translation.
- the starting tRNA binds to methionine (formylmethionine in prokaryotes) and is transported to the ribosome to initiate translation, and the N-terminal amino acid is methionine (in prokaryotes). Formylmethionine).
- Translation synthesis of a peptide having a desired amino acid at the N-terminus is referred to as an initiation suppression method. It is known that amino acid analogs introduced with N-terminal amino acids have higher tolerance of amino acids than when they are extended, and use amino acids and amino acid analogs that are significantly different in structure from natural amino acids (non-patent literature: J Am Chem Soc). 2009 Apr 15; 131 (14): 5040-1.Translation initiation with initiator tRNA charged with exotic peptides.Goto Y, Suga H.).
- a peptide comprising an amino acid residue represented by the above general formula (I) having a first reaction point at the N-terminus and an amino acid residue having a second reaction point at one of the side chains at the C-terminus It can be obtained by the iSP method by translating the nucleic acid encoding it.
- the amino acid constituting the peptide or peptide site is preferably a drug-like amino acid.
- the resulting peptide or peptide site may be chemically modified so that it becomes a drug-like amino acid after translation synthesis so that it becomes drug-like.
- aminoacylation of amino acid residues having a thiol group in the vicinity of the amino group and in which both the thiol group and the amino group are protected is aminoacylated. It is also possible to translate the N-terminus as a desired amino acid by translating using the translation initiation tRNA. That is, the present invention includes the amino acid residue represented by the general formula (I) having the first reaction point at the N-terminus, and the amino acid residue having the second reaction point in one of the side chains as the C-terminal side. A method for producing a non-cyclic peptide included in the above is also provided.
- the iSP method can be used. That is, by adding an aminoacylated tRNA to a translation system from which methionine, formyl donor, or methionyl transferase has been removed, and translating the translation initiation codon (for example, AUG) by encoding the triangular unit, the N-terminus is converted into a triangular unit.
- a peptide site or peptide site library before cyclization can be constructed.
- cyste means L-cysteine, and the thiol group and amino group mean those having no protecting group.
- the “cysteine analog” means an amino acid other than a natural amino acid having a thiol in the side chain and having no protecting group on the thiol group or amino group (R1 in the formula (I)) , R2, and SP-1 are hydrogen atoms).
- the configuration of the cysteine analog is arbitrary, and the side chain structure is not particularly limited as long as it has a thiol group. Specific examples of such a side chain include optionally substituted alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, heteroaryl, aralkyl, cycloalkyl, and the like.
- the number of substituents is not limited to one and may be two or more.
- mRNA or mRNA library using aminoacyl tRNA in which a desired cysteine or cysteine analog is aminoacylated to a plurality of types of translation initiation tRNAs having different anticodons, and using a codon corresponding to the anticodon of the aminoacyl tRNA as a start codon By translating, a peptide site before cyclization or a library of peptide sites in which the N-terminal residue is not limited to one type can be prepared. Specifically, for example, Mayer C, et al.
- Anticodon sequence mutants of Escherichia coli initiator tRNA effects of overproduction of aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases, methionyl-tRNA formyltransferase, and initiation factor 2 on, activity in initiation.42 4787-99 (mutation of an initiation tRNA having an anticodon other than CAU by the start of translation from an amino acid other than f-Met by E. coli and expression of a protein containing the same codon in the middle) Peptide sites or peptide site libraries can be generated.
- reaction point for example, amino group
- the basic functional group that is not desired to react with the amino acid residue constituting the peptide site
- a method of activating the reaction point of the triangular unit is used.
- an amino acid having a reaction auxiliary group for example, a thiol group
- cysteine corresponds to such an amino acid because it has a thiol at the ⁇ -position of the amino group.
- cysteine is used as the N-terminus, as shown in Scheme C, the thiol group and amino group of cysteine are both protected during the translation introduction process, but are deprotected simultaneously with or prior to the cyclization reaction.
- a reaction point of a triangular unit for example, an amino group
- a reaction point of an intersection unit for example, an activated carboxyl group
- the thiol group contained in the triangular unit of the obtained cyclic peptide is TCEP (tris (2-carboxylethyl) phosphine) and VA-044 (2,2′-azobis-2- (2-imidazolin-2-yl) propane.
- TCEP tris (2-carboxylethyl) phosphine
- VA-044 2,2′-azobis-2- (2-imidazolin-2-yl) propane.
- a suitable reagent such as dihydrochloride
- desulfurization can be performed under mild reaction conditions in which RNA does not react.
- the pH is preferably 6.0 or more and 9.2 or less, more preferably 7.0 or more and 8.5 or less.
- the reaction temperature is not particularly limited as long as it can usually carry out a chemical reaction, but it is preferably 4 ° C to 80 ° C, more preferably 10 ° C to 50 ° C.
- TCEP tris (2-carboxyethyl) phosphine
- the amount used is not particularly limited, but is preferably 1 mM or more, and more preferably 10 mM or more and 100 mM or less in order to increase the reactivity.
- the pH is preferably 3.0 or more and 9.2 or less, and preferably 5.0 or more and 8. More preferably, it is 5 or less.
- the reaction temperature is not particularly limited as long as it can usually carry out a chemical reaction, but it is preferably 4 ° C. to 80 ° C., more preferably 30 ° C. to 60 ° C.
- the usage-amount of TCEP is not specifically limited, In order to improve reactivity, 10 mM or more is preferable, It is more preferable that it is 50 mM or more and 2 M or less, It is further more preferable that it is 100 mM or more and 500 mM or less.
- the amount of VA-044 used is not particularly limited, but is preferably 10 mM or more, more preferably 50 mM or more and 2 M or less, and even more preferably 100 mM or more and 500 mM or less in order to increase the reactivity.
- the reaction may be performed alone in a reaction translation solution such as PUREsystem, or an organic solvent such as DMF or NMP may be added thereto. Moreover, after purifying a translation liquid by column purification etc., you may carry out by changing a solvent.
- N-terminal amino acid residue before cyclization that can be used as a triangular unit is represented by the following general formula (I) or general formula (II): Can be expressed as
- R1 is a protecting group of a thiol group capable of translational synthesis, and is deprotected in a translation synthesis solution, and before cyclization. If it becomes a hydrogen atom, it will not specifically limit.
- a protecting group include an S—R23 group, a sulfonate (—SO 3 ⁇ ), and a thiosulfonate (—S 2 O 3 ⁇ ).
- the counter cation is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include Na + and K + .
- R23 is alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, heteroaryl, or aralkyl, and these groups may be substituted. Specific examples of R23 include methyl, ethyl, isopropyl, tert-butyl, phenyl, p-trifluoromethylphenyl, p-fluorophenyl, benzyl, phenethyl and the like. Since a protecting group such as the S—R23 group is slowly deprotected in the translation synthesis solution, it can be deprotected without the need to positively define deprotection conditions. By employing these protecting groups, deprotection and amide cyclization can be carried out in one step. For the deprotection, a deprotecting agent can be added under various reaction conditions described in this specification, if necessary.
- R2 and R3 are defined similarly to the definition of the side chain of a drug-like amino acid.
- R 2 and R 3 are preferably each independently a hydrogen atom, or optionally substituted alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, heteroaryl, aralkyl, or cycloalkyl.
- R2 and R3 may form a ring together with the atoms to which they are attached, or R2 or R3 may form a ring together with R4 and the atoms to which they are attached.
- the three-dimensional arrangement included in the structure allows arbitrary arrangement.
- R2 and R4 and the atoms to which they are bonded to form a ring are examples of constituent atoms.
- R2, N to which R2 is bonded, R4, and C to which R4 is bonded are examples of constituent atoms.
- Examples of the structure include a 5- to 7-membered ring formed as a part.
- R3, R4, and C to which R3 and R4 are bonded are used as a part of the constituent atoms.
- Examples of the structure that forms a member ring include the following.
- R2 and R3 are a hydrogen atom, C1-C4 alkyl, C1-C4 alkoxy and / or C1-C4 alkyl optionally substituted with halogen, or two sites selected from R2, R3 and R4. C5-C6 membered ring formed.
- the three-dimensional arrangement included in the structure allows arbitrary arrangement.
- R4 is a unit connecting an S (sulfur) atom and an amino acid moiety, and is selected from the group consisting of alkylene, arylene, heteroarylene, alkylenearylene, alkyleneheteroarylene, arylenealkylene, and heteroarylenealkylene, and these groups May be substituted.
- N-3 to N-8 which are representative structures of R4, are shown below.
- Substitution of S atom and amino acid site such as optionally substituted methylene (N-3), optionally substituted ethylene (N-4), optionally substituted propylene (N-5), etc. It may be linked with 1 to 5 carbon atoms which may be substituted.
- optionally substituted methylene, ethylene, and propylene include a group in which R13 is methyl and R14 is a hydrogen atom, and a dialkylated group in which R13 and R14 are both methyl.
- R13, R14, R15, R16, R17, and R18 are defined in the same manner as R2 or R3, and are selected from, for example, a hydrogen atom, an alkyl that may be substituted with a halogen atom, or an alkoxy that may be substituted with a halogen atom. It is preferred that A ring structure may be formed between them. More preferably, R13 to R18 are a hydrogen atom, linear or branched C1-C4 alkyl, C1-C5 alkoxy optionally substituted with one or more fluorine atoms, one or more fluorine atoms.
- R13 to R18 are a hydrogen atom or methyl.
- N-6 carbon atom of the aromatic ring
- N-7, N-8 aralkyl structure
- benzene is used as the aromatic ring, but aromatic rings other than benzene (that is, various aromatic rings including aromatic heterocycles) may be used.
- the ring may be substituted with a substituent such as halogen, alkoxy or trifluoromethyl.
- R11 and R12 are also selected from the same partial structure as R4. For example, it can be selected from N-3, N-4, N-5, N-6, N-7, and N-8 type structures, each having a substituent of R13 ′ to R18 ′. R11 and R12 may be a single bond.
- N-9, N-10, and N-11 Preferred structural formulas of formula (I) are shown in N-9, N-10, and N-11.
- R12 in formula (I) is a single bond.
- the R12 site of formula (I) is one carbon atom (corresponding to N-3 type).
- R12 in formula (I) is 2 carbon atoms (corresponding to N-4 type).
- R1 to R4 in the formula are the same as the definitions of R1 to R4, R13 ′ to R16 ′ are the same as the definitions of R13 to R16, and SP-1 in the formula is SP- The definition of 1 is the same.
- N-18, N-19, and N-20 Preferred structural formulas of formula (II) are shown in N-18, N-19, and N-20.
- the R11 site of formula (II) is 1 carbon atom (corresponding to N-3 type).
- R11 in the formula (II) is 2 carbon atoms (corresponding to the N-4 type).
- N-20 R11 in formula (II) is 3 carbon atoms (corresponding to the N-5 type).
- R1 and R4 in the formula are the same as the definitions of R1 and R4, R13 ′ to R18 ′ are the same as the definitions of R13 to R18, and SP-1 in the formula is SP- The definition of 1 is the same.
- N-12, N-13, N-14, N-15, N-16 and N-17 are shown in N-12, N-13, N-14, N-15, N-16 and N-17.
- R4 of N-9 is one carbon atom (N-3).
- N-13 R4 of N-10 is one carbon atom (N-3).
- N-14 R4 of N-11 is one carbon atom (N-3).
- N-15 R4 of N-9 is 2 carbon atoms (N-4).
- N-16 R4 of N-10 is 2 carbon atoms (N-4).
- N-17 R4 of N-11 is 2 carbon atoms (N-4).
- R1 to R3 and R13 to R16 in the formula are the same as the definitions of R1 to R3 and R13 to R16, respectively, and R13 ′ to R16 ′ in the formula are the same as the definitions of R13 to R16, respectively.
- SP-1 in the formula is the same as the definition of SP-1 described later,
- R2 is taken together with R13, R14, R15 or R16 and the atom to which they are attached to form a ring, provided that R2 is taken together with the N atom to which it is attached and SP-1 to form an azide group (—N 3 )
- N 3 azide group
- N-21 to N-26 More preferred structural formulas of the formula (II) are shown in N-21 to N-26.
- R4 of N-18 is 2 carbon atoms (N-4).
- N-22 R4 of N-19 is 2 carbon atoms (N-4).
- N-23 R4 of N-20 is 2 carbon atoms (N-4).
- N-24 R4 of N-18 is 3 carbon atoms (N-5).
- N-25 R4 of N-19 is 3 carbon atoms (N-5).
- N-26 R4 of N-20 is 3 carbon atoms (N-5).
- R1 and R13 to R18 in the formula are the same as the definitions of R1 and R13 to R18, respectively, and R13 ′ to R18 ′ in the formula are the same as the definitions of R13 to R18, respectively.
- SP-1 has the same definition as SP-1 described later.
- a protective group for an amino group in a triangular unit before cyclization (for example, an amino acid residue represented by the general formula (I)) SP-1 ") preferably satisfies all of the following three conditions. (1) improving the stability of aminoacyl-tRNA under translation reaction conditions; (2) Do not reduce translation efficiency, (3) Only the desired functional group is selectively deprotected without reacting with mRNA during the deprotection reaction.
- Protecting groups that satisfy these three conditions include protecting groups that are deprotected under reducing conditions. Specifically, for example, tris (2-carboxyethyl) phosphine (TCEP), dithiothreitol (DTT), VA-044 (2,2′-azobis-2- (2-imidazolin-2-yl) propanedihydrochloride A protecting group which can be deprotected in the presence of a salt).
- SP-1 has the following formula: Can be expressed as In this case, P1 is selected from a single bond, arylene, heteroarylene and the like, and these groups may be further substituted with a substituent such as halogen or alkoxy. In addition, the methylene group located at the ⁇ -position of the carbonyl group in the formula may also be substituted.
- preferred examples of SP-1 include 4-azidobenzyloxycarbonyl (p-Acbz), 2-azidobenzyloxycarbonyl (o-Acbz), azidomethoxycarbonyl (Azoc) and the like.
- SP-1 has the following formula: Can be expressed as In this case, P2 is selected from alkyl, aryl, heteroaryl and the like, and these groups may be further substituted. In addition, the methylene group at the ⁇ -position and / or ⁇ -position of the carbonyl group in the formula may also be substituted.
- P2 is selected from alkyl, aryl, heteroaryl and the like, and these groups may be further substituted.
- the methylene group at the ⁇ -position and / or ⁇ -position of the carbonyl group in the formula may also be substituted.
- phenyldisulfanylethyloxycarbonyl Phdec
- 2-pyridyldisulfanylethyloxycarbonyl Pydec
- 2- (t-butyldisulfanyl) ethyloxycarbonyl group Tbeoc
- N-terminal amino acid residue is represented by the general formula (I)
- SP-1 is combined with the nitrogen atom to which it is bonded and R2 together with an azide (—N 3 ).
- Azide can be used as an amine equivalent.
- R1 is -S-R23 and R23 is C1-C20 alkyl, optionally substituted phenyl, or optionally substituted benzyl
- R2 is C1-C6 alkyl optionally substituted with a substituent that contributes to drug likeness
- SP-1 is p-Acbz, o-Acbz, or Azoc.
- R1 is -S-R23 and R23 is C1-C20 alkyl, optionally substituted phenyl, or optionally substituted benzyl
- SP-1 is p-Acbz, o-Acbz, or Azoc.
- R1 is -S-R23;
- R23 is methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, i-propyl, n-butyl, t-butyl, or sec-butyl;
- R2 is methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, or n-butyl;
- SP-1 is p-Acbz or o-Acbz.
- R1 is -S-R23;
- R23 is methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, i-propyl, n-butyl, t-butyl, or sec-butyl;
- SP-1 is p-Acbz, o-Acbz, or Azoc.
- an amino acid residue having a second reactive site in one of the side chains is represented by the general formula (III): Can be expressed as
- substituents that is, R2 ′′, R3 ′′, R26
- the active ester site (—COR25), which is the second reaction point, can be selected from groups that become drug-like amino acids.
- the active ester means an ester or thioester that can react with the amino group site of the triangular unit via a thiol that is a reaction auxiliary group, and is not particularly limited as long as it has such a property. .
- R25 is a hydroxyl group or forms an active ester with CO to which it is attached.
- R25 those generally used in this technical field can be used. Specifically, halogen, N-hydroxysuccinimide (—OSu), 1-hydroxy-7-azabenzotriazole (—OAt) can be used. ), 1-hydroxybenzotriazole (—OBt), pentafluorophenol (—OPfp), and the like.
- R25 is a hydroxyl group
- 4- (4,6-dimethoxy-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl) -4-methylmorpholinium chloride (DMT-MM) or 1-ethyl- Amidation can be carried out using a condensing agent such as 3- (3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide (WSC).
- R25 is a thioester such as methylthioester, arylthioester, aralkylthioester (—C ( ⁇ O) SR: R, preferably methyl, ethyl, isopropyl, t-butyl, benzyl, CH 2 -benzyl, together with CO to which it is bonded.
- Phenyl may be included).
- These active esters can be used for substituents commonly used in the technical field (for example, electron withdrawing groups such as halogen, nitro, trifluoromethyl, nitrile, etc.
- electron-donating groups such as alkoxy such as methoxy, alkyl such as methyl
- bulky substituents represented by t-butyl and isopropyl and hydrophilicity, which are often used for the purpose of lowering the reaction selectivity. Even if a sulfo group, a di-substituted amino group such as dimethylamino, or a highly fat-soluble group such as long-chain alkyl considering lipophilicity is added, the same reactivity is exhibited. Can be used.
- an amino acid residue containing a carboxylic acid is translated by PUREsystem and then converted into an active ester in the reaction system.
- a technique for generating an activated ester by a reaction a technique for translating amino acid residues having an active ester in advance using PUREsystem, and the like can be used.
- amino acid residues having a thioester having a relatively low reactivity among active esters are suitable for translation after isolation as an active ester in advance.
- an amino acid residue having a more reactive 1-hydroxy-7-azabenzotriazole (OAt) ester or the like preferably generates an activated ester after translation.
- the S—R1 group possessed by the amino acid residue of the triangular unit (for example, the residue represented by the general formula (I)) is deprotected during the cyclization reaction, and the resulting SH group is converted into a reaction auxiliary group. Therefore, the active ester of the crossing unit and the amino group of the triangular unit can be selectively and efficiently reacted to form an amide bond and cyclize. That is, since the SH group has high nucleophilicity, the SH group of the triangular unit and the active ester of the crossing unit first react quickly, and then transfer to a thermodynamically more stable amide bond by intramolecular transfer reaction. To do. As a result, it is possible to selectively amidate the triangular unit and the crossing unit (Chemical ligation method).
- R2 ′′ and R3 ′′ in formula (III) are defined in the same manner as R2 and R3 defined in formula (I).
- R2 ′′ and R3 ′′ are each independently a hydrogen atom, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, heteroaryl, aralkyl, or cycloalkyl, and these groups may be substituted.
- R2 ′′ and R3 ′′ may form a ring together with the atoms to which they are attached, or R2 ′′ or R3 ′′ together with R26 and the atoms to which they are attached to form a ring. May be.
- the three-dimensional arrangement included in the structure allows arbitrary arrangement.
- R2 ′′, N to which R2 ′′ is bonded, R3 ′′, and C to which R3 ′′ are bonded are configured.
- Examples include the following structures in which a 4- to 7-membered ring is formed as part of the atom.
- R2 ′′ forms a ring together with R26 and the atoms to which they are bonded
- R2 ′′, N to which R2 ′′ is bonded, R26, and C to which R26 is bonded are configured.
- Examples include the following structures in which a 4- to 7-membered ring is formed as part of the atom.
- R3 ′′ forms a ring together with R26 and the atoms to which they are bonded
- R3 ′′, R26, and C to which R3 ′′ and R26 are bonded are part of the constituent atoms.
- Examples include the following structures in which a 3- to 7-membered ring is formed.
- R2 ′′ and R3 ′′ are more preferably selected from a hydrogen atom, C1-C4 alkyl, C1-C4 alkoxy and / or C1-C4 alkyl optionally substituted with halogen, or the like, or R2 ′′, R3 ′′, R26 A C5-C6 membered ring formed at two sites.
- the three-dimensional arrangement included in the structure allows arbitrary arrangement.
- R26 is defined in the same manner as R4 in formula (I). Specifically, R26 is selected from the group consisting of alkylene, arylene, heteroarylene, alkylenearylene, alkyleneheteroarylene, arylenealkylene, and heteroarylenealkylene, and these groups may be substituted.
- R26 The typical structure of R26 is shown below.
- the second reaction point (for example, active ester) and the amino acid site may be substituted with methylene (N-3 ′), optionally substituted ethylene (N-4 ′), optionally substituted It can be linked by 1 to 6 carbon atoms which may be substituted, such as propylene (N-5 ′).
- R13 ′′, R14 ′′, R15 ′′, R16 ′′, R17 ′′, R18 ′′ are the same as the definition of the side chain of the drug-like amino acid defined above, but are substituted with, for example, a hydrogen atom or a halogen atom. It is selected from alkyl which may be substituted, alkoxy which may be substituted with a halogen atom and the like. A cyclized structure may be formed between them.
- R13 ′′ to R18 ′′ are a hydrogen atom, linear or branched C1-C4 alkyl, C1-C5 alkoxy optionally substituted with one or more fluorine atoms, one or more A fluorine atom, or a C1-C4 alkyl optionally substituted with one or more fluorine atoms, or a C1-C4 alkyl, or two sites selected from R13 "-R18" And a C3-C7 membered ring composed of the atoms to which they are bonded.
- R13 ′′ to R18 ′′ are a hydrogen atom or methyl.
- R26 is more preferably 1 carbon atom methylene (N-3 ′), 4 carbon atoms, 5 carbon atoms, or 6 carbon atoms. More preferably, R26 is 1 carbon atom (N-3 ′).
- the second reaction point for example, active ester site
- the amino acid site from the carbon atom of the aromatic ring (N-6 ′).
- the active ester moiety and the amino acid moiety can be linked with an aralkyl structure (N-7 ′, N-8 ′).
- connection position is limited to ortho, but is not limited to ortho, meta, para, and the like are also possible.
- benzene is used as the aromatic ring, but aromatic rings other than benzene (that is, various aromatic rings including aromatic heterocyclic rings) may be used.
- the aromatic ring may be substituted with a substituent such as halogen or alkoxy.
- R27 represents a hydrogen atom, an optionally substituted alkyl, an optionally substituted alkenyl, an optionally substituted alkynyl, an optionally substituted aryl, an optionally substituted heteroaryl, an optionally substituted cycloalkyl, a substituted Selected from aralkyl optionally substituted with alkyl.
- the substituent that the group listed as R27 may have is not particularly limited as long as the formula (III-2) having the substituent can be translationally synthesized.
- substituents are often used for the purpose of increasing reactivity, such as electron withdrawing groups such as halogen, nitro, trifluoromethyl, and nitrile, and for the purpose of lowering the reaction and increasing the reaction selectivity.
- Electron-donating groups such as alkoxy such as methoxy, alkyl such as methyl, bulky substituents typified by t-butyl and isopropyl, sulfo group considering hydrophilicity, and dimethylamino Examples include di-substituted amino groups and highly lipophilic groups such as long-chain alkyls that are lipophilic.
- Such substituents preferably include optionally substituted alkyl, optionally substituted cycloalkyl, optionally substituted aralkyl, and more preferably, alkyl and / or aryl may be substituted.
- alkyl and / or aryl may be substituted.
- a good aralkyl is mentioned.
- R3 ′′ in the formula (III-2) is defined in the same manner as the side chain of a drug-like amino acid.
- a C1-C4 alkyl which may be substituted with a hydrogen atom, C1-C4 alkyl, halogen, etc.
- a hydrogen atom is particularly preferable.
- the configuration of R3 ′′ is acceptable for both L-type and D-type amino acids when R3 ′′ is assumed to be a hydrogen atom, but corresponding to L-type amino acids. Is preferred.
- R28 and R29 are each defined similarly to the definition of the side chain of a drug-like amino acid, for example, a hydrogen atom, an optionally substituted C1-C6 alkyl, an optionally substituted C2-C6 alkenyl, a substituted C2-C6 alkynyl, optionally substituted aryl, optionally substituted heteroaryl, aralkyl optionally substituted with optionally substituted C1-C6 alkyl, and optionally substituted cycloalkyl Selected.
- a drug-like amino acid for example, a hydrogen atom, an optionally substituted C1-C6 alkyl, an optionally substituted C2-C6 alkenyl, a substituted C2-C6 alkynyl, optionally substituted aryl, optionally substituted heteroaryl, aralkyl optionally substituted with optionally substituted C1-C6 alkyl, and optionally substituted cycloalkyl Selected.
- R3 ′′ is selected from a hydrogen atom, C1-C4 alkyl optionally substituted with halogen, etc., and particularly preferably a hydrogen atom.
- the configuration of the R3 ′′ group is that when R3 ′′ is a hydrogen atom.
- N-12 and N-15 amino acid residues are used as a triangular unit, and a formula (III-3) is used as a crossing unit.
- Amino acid residues are preferably used.
- an N-alkylated amino acid for example, proline or N-methylalanine
- Examples of a method for producing a complex of a drug-like peptide and nucleic acid having a desired activity include a production method including the following steps (Patent Document 1): (i) A non-cyclic peptide site having a total number of amino acids of 9 to 13 is synthesized by translation, and the non-cyclic peptide site and a nucleic acid sequence encoding the non-cyclic peptide site are linked via a linker.
- a circular peptide site-nucleic acid complex (ii) cyclizing the acyclic peptide site of the complex translated and synthesized in step (i) with an amide bond to form a cyclic compound in which the total number of amino acid residues in the cyclic part is 5 to 12 (iii) A step of contacting the peptide site-nucleic acid complex library having a circular portion obtained in step (ii) with an in vivo molecule and selecting a complex having binding activity to the in vivo molecule.
- aminoacyl-tRNA used in the peptide or peptide site-nucleic acid complex synthesis step can be prepared by the following method.
- RNA polymerase suitable for the promoter such as T7 RNA polymerase or T3, SP6 RNA polymerase.
- I can do it. It is also possible to extract and purify tRNA from the cells, and extract the target generated tRNA using a probe having a sequence complementary to the sequence of tRNA. At this time, cells transformed with the expression vector of the target tRNA can also be used as a source. RNA of the target sequence can also be synthesized by chemical synthesis.
- an aminoacyl-tRNA can be obtained by binding the tRNA obtained by removing the CA from the 3′-terminal CCA sequence thus obtained and an aminoacylated pdCpA or pCpA separately prepared with RNA ligase (pdCpA method).
- pdCpA method RNA ligase
- PCpA method RNA ligase
- a tRNA for an amino acid represented by formula (I) can be produced using pdCpA or pCpA linked to an amino acid represented by formula (I).
- the tRNA is useful in the production of the peptide of the present invention, a peptide site / mRNA conjugate, and a peptide site / mRNA conjugate library.
- the present invention relates to pdCpA or pCpA bound to an amino acid represented by formula (I).
- the present invention also relates to a tRNA aminoacylated with an amino acid represented by the formula (I).
- aminoacylation by flexizyme which is a ribozyme prepared by preparing full-length tRNA and carrying active esters of various amino acid analogs on tRNA, is also possible.
- acylated tRNA can be obtained by using the method described later.
- translation synthesis is performed by, for example, protein factors (methionyl tRNA transformylase, EF-G, RF1, RF2, RF3, RRF, IF1, IF2, IF3, EF-Tu, EF- Ts, ARS (Choose what you need from AlaRS, ArgRS, AsnRS, AspRS, CysRS, GlnRS, GluRS, GlyRS, HisRS, IleRS, LeuRS, LysRS, MetRS, PheRS, ProRS, SerRS, ThrRS, TrpRS, TyrRS, ValRS) ), Ribosome, amino acid, creatine kinase, myokinase, inorganic pyrophosphatase, nucleoside diphosphate kinase, E.
- protein factors methionyl tRNA transformylase, EF-G, RF1, RF2, RF3, RRF, IF1, IF2, IF3, EF-Tu, EF- Ts
- coli -derived tRNA creatine phosphate, potassium glutamate, HEPES-KOH pH7.6, magnesium acetate, spermidine, dithiothreitol, It can be performed by adding mRNA to a known cell-free translation system such as PUREsystem in which GTP, ATP, CTP, UTP and the like are mixed.
- PUREsystem a known cell-free translation system
- T7-RNA-polymerase is added, transcription and translation from a template DNA containing a T7 promoter can be performed in a coupled manner.
- a peptide containing an amino acid analog group can be translated and synthesized by adding a desired acylated tRNA group or an amino acid analog group allowed by ARS (eg, F-Tyr) to the system (Kawakami T, et al . Ribosomal synthesis of polypeptoids and peptoid-peptide hybrids. J Am Chem Soc. 2008, 130, 16861-3., Kawakami T, et al. Diverse backbone-cyclized peptides via codon reprogramming. Nat 2009-Chem Biol.
- ARS eg, F-Tyr
- Cell-free translation system is a combination of ribosomes extracted from cells, protein factor groups involved in translation, energy sources such as tRNA, amino acids, ATP, etc., and a regeneration system that can translate mRNA into protein. If it is, it will not be limited.
- the cell-free translation system of the present invention can contain an initiation factor, elongation factor, dissociation factor, aminoacyl tRNA synthetase and the like. These factors can be obtained by purifying from various cell extracts. Examples of the cell for purifying the factor include prokaryotic cells and eukaryotic cells. Prokaryotic cells can include E. coli cells, hyperthermophilic cells, or Bacillus subtilis cells.
- Known eukaryotic cells are those made from yeast cells, wheat germ, rabbit reticulocytes, plant cells, insect cells, or animal cells.
- the PURE system is a reconstituted cell-free translation system in which protein factors, energy regeneration enzymes, and ribosomes necessary for translation of Escherichia coli are extracted and purified and mixed with tRNA, amino acids, ATP, GTP, and the like. Not only is the content of impurities small, but because it is a reconstitution system, it is possible to easily produce a system that does not contain protein factors and amino acids to be excluded. ((I) Nat Biotechnol. 2001; 19: 751-5.
- An mRNA display library can be prepared, for example, as follows. First, a DNA library in which a desired sequence is arranged downstream of a promoter such as T7 promoter is chemically synthesized, and this is used as a template to form double-stranded DNA by primer extension reaction. Using this as a template, it is transcribed into mRNA using RNA polymerase such as T7 RNA polymerase. A linker (spacer) to which the antibiotic puromycin, which is an analog of aminoacyl tRNA, is connected to the 3 ′ end of this RNA is bound.
- RNA polymerase such as T7 RNA polymerase
- a display library comprising a complex of mRNA and its product in which mRNA and its product are associated can be constructed.
- the linker may further comprise a spacer well known to those skilled in the art.
- molecules that bind to the target can be concentrated (panning).
- PCR amplification and analysis of the base sequence can reveal the sequence of the bound peptide.
- the construction of a display library of a complex of a cyclized peptide site and a nucleic acid, and the acquisition of a cyclized peptide site or a cyclized branched peptide that binds to a target from the constructed display library are specifically described.
- it can be carried out by the method shown in the following manner.
- the method for producing a peptide-nucleic acid complex having a circular portion and an amide-cyclized peptide library thereof includes the following one or more steps.
- Step of providing pdCpA or pCpA in which N-9 is aminoacylated B) Providing an initiation tRNA lacking the 3′-terminal CA C) linking the pdCpA or pCpA of step A) and the start tRNA of step B) to provide an N-9 starting aminoacyl tRNA; D) Providing pdCpA or pCpA obtained by aminoacylating Formula (III) -2 or Formula (III) -2-OH
- Step of providing pdCpA or pCpA in which N-12 or N-15 is aminoacylated B) Providing an initiation tRNA lacking the 3′-terminal CA C) linking the pdCpA or pCpA of step A) and the starting tRNA of step B) to provide an N-12 or N-15 starting aminoacyl tRNA; D) Providing pdCpA or pCpA obtained by aminoacylating formula (III) -3 or (III) -3-OH
- a method for producing such a peptide-mRNA conjugate having a cyclic portion of the present invention and an amide cyclized peptide library thereof a method comprising one or more of the following steps is even more preferable.
- this invention relates to the compound represented with the following general formula (IA) and general formula (IIA).
- this invention relates to the compound represented with the following general formula (IB) and general formula (IIB).
- R1 to R4, R12, and SP-1 are the same as R1 to R4, R12, and SP-1 in the general formula (I), and R30 is H or Represents a hydroxyl group.
- R30 is particularly preferably OH.
- R1, R4, R11, and SP-1 are the same as R1, R4, R11, and SP-1 in the general formula (II), and R30 is H or a hydroxyl group is represented.
- R30 is particularly preferably OH.
- the present invention relates to a conjugate of the above general formula (IA) or general formula (IIA) and aminoacyl tRNA.
- the compound represented by the above general formula (IA), (IB), (IIA), and (IIB), the general formula (IA) or the conjugate of the general formula (IIA) and aminoacyl tRNA is cysteine or a cysteine analog. It is useful in efficient translation of peptides containing multiple amino acid analogs located at the N-terminus. Moreover, it is useful in the manufacturing method of the complex of the peptide and nucleic acid which has a cyclic part containing a several amino acid analog, and a library containing the same.
- the present invention has an amino acid residue represented by the following general formula (I) or the following general formula (II) having the first reaction point at the N-terminus, and a second chain in one of its side chains.
- the present invention relates to a complex of an acyclic peptide and a nucleic acid having an amino acid residue having a reactive site at least 4 residues from the N-terminus to the C-terminus.
- the complex has an amino acid residue represented by the above general formula (I) or general formula (II) having a first reaction point at the N-terminus, and a second reaction in one of its side chains.
- R1 to R4, R11, R12, and SP-1 are as defined in this specification.
- a nucleic acid encoding a non-cyclic peptide constituting the complex is used, a complex of a peptide and a nucleic acid containing two or more amino acid analogs and having a cyclic part, or a library thereof can be efficiently produced. it can.
- the LCMS analysis conditions are as follows.
- Example 1 Synthesis of pCpA-amino acid for use in a cell-free translation system 1-1.
- peptides with cysteine or a cysteine analogue synthesis N-terminus of pCpA- amino acids for translating introduce a cysteine or a cysteine analogue at the N-terminus by Initiation suppression method, or cysteine analogues
- the aminoacylated pCpA was synthesized. That is, aminoacylated pCpA (nk-05, 09, 14, 19, 22) was synthesized according to the following scheme.
- Buffer A was prepared as follows. Acetic acid is added to an aqueous solution of N, N, N-trimethylhexadecane-1-aminium chloride (6,40 g, 20 mmol) and imidazole (6.81 g, 100 mmol), pH 8, 20 mM N, N, N-trimethylhexadecane- Buffer solution A (1 L) of 1-aminium and 100 mM imidazole was obtained.
- reaction solution was purified by reverse phase silica gel column chromatography (0.1% aqueous formic acid / 0.1% formic acid acetonitrile), and (R) -3- (tert-butyldisulfanyl) -2- (methylamino) propane.
- the acid compound nk10, H-MeCys (StBu) -OH
- reaction solution was purified by reverse phase silica gel column chromatography (0.1% aqueous formic acid / 0.1% formic acid acetonitrile) to obtain (S) -3- (tert-butyldisulfanyl) -2- (methylamino) propane.
- the acid compound nk15, HD-MeCys (StBu) -OH
- reaction solution was concentrated under reduced pressure, diethyl ether was added to the concentrated residue, the mixture was filtered, the solid on the filter paper was washed with diethyl ether, and the crude product (2S) -2- (methylamino) -3- (1, 3-Thiazol-4-yl) propanoic acid was obtained.
- N-methylglycine (1.5 g, 16.8 mmol) and N-ethyl-isopropylpropan-2-amine (DIPEA) (7.35 ml, 42.1 mmol) were added to dichloromethane (33.7 ml). Thereafter, the mixture was cooled to 0 ° C., 2,4-dioxopyrrolidin-1-yl penta-4-enoate (1.95 ml, 17.7 mmol) was added, and the reaction solution was stirred at 25 ° C. for 3 days.
- N-ethyl-isopropylpropan-2-amine (DIPEA) (2.94 ml, 16.8 mmol) and 2-bromoacetonitrile (2.35 ml, 33.7 mmol) were added to the reaction mixture at 25 degrees. For 4 hours.
- the reaction solution was diluted with dichloromethane, saturated aqueous ammonium chloride solution was added, and the organic layer was washed with saturated brine. Thereafter, the organic layer was dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure.
- dihydrogen phosphate ((2R, 3R, 4R, 5R) -5- (4-amino-2-oxopyrimidin-1 (2H) -yl) -3-(((((( 2R, 3S, 4R, 5R) -5- (6-Amino-9H-purin-9-yl) -3,4-dihydroxytetrahydrofuran-2-yl) methoxy) (hydroxy) phosphoryl) oxy) -4-(( Tetrahydrofuran-2-yl) oxy) tetrahydrofuran-2-yl) methyl (compound pc01) (400 mg, 0.55 mmol) was dissolved and synthesized by the method described in the literature (WO2013 / 100132A).
- Example 2 Synthesis of aminoacyl-tRNA for translation initiation having cysteine or cysteine analog 2-1.
- SEQ ID NO: D-1 (SEQ ID NO: 1): tRNAfMetCAT (-CA) DNA sequence: GGCGTAATACGACTCACTATAGGCGGGGTGGAGCAGCCTGGTAGCTCGTCGGGCTCATAACCCGAAGATCGTCGGTTCAAATCCGGCCCCCGCAAC
- SEQ ID NO: 2 SEQ ID NO: 2: tRNAfMetCAU (-CA) RNA sequence: GGCGGGGUGGAGCAGCCUGGUAGCUCGUCGGGCUCAUAACCCGAAGAUCGUCGGUUCAAAUCCGGCCCCCGCAAC
- cysteine or cysteine analogs were synthesized by adding tRNAfMet aminoacylated to a cell-free translation system.
- PURE system a reconstituted cell-free protein synthesis system derived from E. coli, was used.
- cell-free translation solution 1% (v / v) RNasein Ribonuclease inhibitor (Promega, N2111), 1 mM GTP, 1 mM ATP, 20 mM creatine phosphate, 50 mM HEPES-KOH pH 7.6, 100 mM potassium acetate, 6 mM magnesium acetate, 2 mM spermidine, 1 mM dithiothreitol, 1.5 mg / ml E.
- ⁇ Detection by mass spectrometry> In order to mass-analyze peptides synthesized by cell-free translation system, MALDI-TOF MS was used. Specifically, 1 ⁇ M template mRNA (R-4) and Thr, Arg, Lys, Ala, Tyr, Trp, Ser, Leu, Pro, and Gly (each final concentration of 250 ⁇ M) are added to the above-described cell-free translation system.
- a 20 ⁇ M aminoacyl tRNAfMet (Acbz-Cys (StBu) -tRNAfMetCAU (compound AAtR-1), Acbz-D-Cys (StBu) -tRNAfMetCAU (compound AATR-2)), Acbz-MeCys (StBu) -tRNAfMetCAU (compound AAtR-3).
- WO2013 / 100132A1 it is reported that the Acbz protecting group is removed during the MALDI measurement or the measurement pretreatment operation.
- MS indicating a peptide in which the first character was skipped as a by-product (Table 2, peptide SEQ ID NO: Pep-2) was observed.
- a preparation in which 250 ⁇ M Met was added instead of the aminoacyl tRNA for translation initiation and a preparation in which no aminoacyl tRNA for translation initiation was added were prepared, and left at 37 ° C. for 1 hour.
- the translation reaction was analyzed by MALDI-TOF MS.
- MALDI-TOF MS As a matrix in MALDI-TOF MS, ⁇ -cyano-4-hydroxycinnamic acid (CHCA) was used.
- MS indicating a peptide (Table 2, peptide SEQ ID NO: Pep-1) whose N-terminus was started from formylmethionine (hereinafter formylmethionine is abbreviated as fMet) was observed.
- MS indicating a peptide (Table 2, Peptide SEQ ID NO: Pep-2) whose first character is skipped by initiation read-through (patent document (WO2013 / 100132A1)) was observed.
- RNA sequence GGGUUAACUUUAAGAAGGAGAUAUACAUAUGACUCGUACUAAGGCUUACUGGAGUCUUCCGGGUUAAGCUUCUCG
- the gel after electrophoresis is dried using Clear Dry Quick Dry Starter KIT (TEFCO, 03-278), exposed to an imaging plate (GE Healthcare, 28-9564-75) for 24 hours, and bioanalyzer system ( (Typhoon FLA 7000, GE Healthcare) and detected by ImageQuantTL (GE Healthcare).
- the peptide (peptide sequence number Pep-10, 11, 12, 15) which is the target product even when translated into Acbz-Cys (StBu), Acbz-D-Cys (StBu), and Acbz-MeCys (StBu) at the N-terminus. ) Bands were observed as main products (in FIG.
- RNA sequence GGGUUAACUUUAAGAAGGAGAUAUACAUAUGACUCGUACUAAGGCUUACUGGAGUCUUCCGGGUGACGACGACUAAGCUUCG
- tRNAfMet amino-acylated with N-methylcysteine having a protecting group is added to a cell-free translation system for translation synthesis. went.
- PURE system which is a reconstituted cell-free protein synthesis system derived from E. coli, was used.
- a cell-free translation solution 1% (v / v) RNasein Ribonuclease inhibitor (Promega, N2111), 1 mM GTP, 1 mM ATP, 20 mM creatine phosphate, 50 mM HEPES-KOH pH 7.6, 100 mM potassium acetate, 10 mM magnesium acetate, 2 mM spermidine, 1 mM dithiothreitol, 0.5 mg / ml E.
- a cell-free translation solution 1% (v / v) RNasein Ribonuclease inhibitor (Promega, N2111), 1 mM GTP, 1 mM ATP, 20 mM creatine phosphate, 50 mM HEPES-KOH pH 7.6, 100 mM potassium acetate, 10 mM magnesium acetate, 2 mM spermidine, 1 mM dithiothreitol, 0.5 mg / ml E.
- ⁇ Detection by mass spectrometry> In order to mass-analyze peptides synthesized by cell-free translation system, MALDI-TOF MS was used. Specifically, 1 ⁇ M template mRNA (R-4) and Thr, Arg, Lys, Ala, Tyr, Trp, Ser, Leu, Pro, and Gly (each final concentration of 250 ⁇ M) are added to the above-described cell-free translation system.
- tRNAfMet (Acbz-MeCys (StBu) -tRNAfMetCAU (compound AAtR-3), Acbz-D-MeCys (StBu) -tRNAfMetCAU (compound) was further prepared by aminoacylation of 2 or 25 ⁇ MN-methylcysteine analog. AAtR-4) and o-Acbz-MeCys (StBu) -tRNAfMetCAU (compound AAtR-5)) were added to the translation solution mixture and allowed to stand at 37 ° C. for 1 hour.
- Tris (2-carboxyethyl) phosphine (TCEP) (final concentration 20 mM) was added to the obtained translation reaction product, and then allowed to stand at 37 ° C. for 1 hour.
- the translation products were analyzed by MALDI-TOF MS using ⁇ -cyano-4-hydroxycinnamic acid (CHCA) as the matrix.
- the gel after electrophoresis is dried using Clear Dry Quick Dry Starter KIT (TEFCO, 03-278), exposed to an imaging plate (GE Healthcare, 28-9564-75) for 24 hours, and bioanalyzer system ( (Typhoon FLA 7000, GE Healthcare) and detected by ImageQuantTL (GE Healthcare).
- TEZ Clear Dry Quick Dry Starter KIT
- GE Healthcare 28-9564-75
- bioanalyzer system (Typhoon FLA 7000, GE Healthcare) and detected by ImageQuantTL (GE Healthcare).
- the translation efficiency of the target peptide is the highest when the aminoacyl-tRNA concentration is 25 ⁇ M, and by-products Was found to have the lowest translation efficiency (Fig. 3-1).
- the production ratio of the target peptide (peptide SEQ ID NO: Pep-12) and by-product (peptide SEQ ID NO: Pep-9) is 96:33 (control experiment) It shows the relative translation efficiency when the translation efficiency of the peptide initiated with formylmethionine (peptide SEQ ID NO: Pep-8) is taken as 100).
- the production ratio of the target peptide (peptide SEQ ID NO: Pep-13) and by-product (peptide SEQ ID NO: Pep-9) was 56:22.
- SEQ ID NO: D-2 (SEQ ID NO: 6) tRNAGluCTG (-CA) DNA sequence: GGCGTAATACGACTCACTATAGTCCCCTTCGTCTAGAGGCCCAGGACACCGCCCTCTGACGGCGGTAACAGGGGTTCGAATCCCCTAGGGGACGC
- SEQ ID NO: D-3 (SEQ ID NO: 7) tRNAGluAAG (-CA) DNA sequence: GGCGTAATACGACTCACTATAGTCCCCTTCGTCTAGAGGCCCAGGACACCGCCCTAAGACGGCGGTAACAGGGGTTCGAATCCCCTAGGGGACGC
- SEQ ID NO: R-2 (SEQ ID NO: 8) tRNAGluCUG (-CA) RNA sequence: GUCCCCUUCGUCUAGAGGCCCAGGACACCGCCCUCUGACGGCGGUAACAGGGGUUCGAAUCCCCUAGGGGACGC
- SEQ ID NO: R-3 (SEQ ID NO: 9) tRNAGluAAG (-CA) RNA sequence: GUCCCCUUCGUCUAGAGGCCCAGGACACCGCCCUAAGACGGCGGUAACAGGGGUUCGAAUCCCCUAGGGGACGC
- a translation solution containing the product was subjected to MS analysis, and the MS intensity of the target product, which is the same peptide compound, was compared to compare translation efficiency. In order to confirm the purity of the product, the MS intensity of the cleaved peptide contained in the product was compared.
- cell-free translation solution 1% (v / v) RNasein Ribonuclease inhibitor (Promega, N2111), 1 mM GTP, 1 mM ATP, 20 mM creatine phosphate, 50 mM HEPES-KOH pH 7.6, 100 mM potassium acetate, 6 mM magnesium acetate, 2 mM spermidine, 1 mM dithiothreitol, 1.5 mg / ml E.
- RNA sequence GGGUUAACUUUAAGAAGGAGAUAUACAUAUGUGCAGUUUUCCGAGUCAGAUUGUUUACACUGGUCGUCCGUAAGCUUCG
- cell-free translation solution 1% (v / v) RNasein Ribonuclease inhibitor (Promega, N2111), 1 mM GTP, 1 mM ATP, 20 mM creatine phosphate, 50 mM HEPES-KOH pH 7.6, 100 mM potassium acetate, 6 mM magnesium acetate, 2 mM spermidine, 1 mM dithiothreitol, 1.5 mg / ml E.
- RNA sequence GGGUUAACUUUAAGAAGGAGAUAUACAUAUGAGUUUUCCGAGUCAGAUUGUUUACACUGGUCGUCCGUAAGCUUCG
- the translation synthesis and translation system for peptides having a cysteine at the N-terminal using the initiation read-through method was PURE system, a reconstructed cell-free protein synthesis system derived from E. coli.
- cell-free translation solution 1% (v / v) RNasein Ribonuclease inhibitor (Promega, N2111), 1 mM GTP, 1 mM ATP, 20 mM creatine phosphate, 50 mM HEPES-KOH pH 7.6, 100 mM potassium acetate, 6 mM magnesium acetate, 2 mM spermidine, 1 mM dithiothreitol, 1.5 mg / ml E.
- strength of the target object and the cleaved peptide which were translationally synthesized is shown in FIG.
- the total value of the MS intensities of the respective cleaved peptides is represented.
- cell-free translation solution 1% (v / v) RNasein Ribonuclease inhibitor (Promega, N2111), 1 mM GTP, 1 mM ATP, 20 mM creatine phosphate, 50 mM HEPES-KOH pH 7.6, 100 mM potassium acetate, 6 mM magnesium acetate, 2 mM spermidine, 1 mM dithiothreitol, 1.5 mg / ml E.
- Tables 14 to 18 show the template mRNA sequence numbers used for the translation synthesis, the MS theoretical values of the translation synthesized products and cleaved peptides, and the measured values of MALDI-TOF MS. Moreover, the MS intensity
- the initiation suppression method shows a stronger MS intensity of the target product, and the cleavage.
- the MS intensity of the peptide was observed weaker. That is, it was proved that the initiation suppression method is a method for efficiently translating and synthesizing a peptide containing a plurality of amino acid analogs having a cysteine at the N-terminus.
- the cleaved peptide was cleaved before and after the introduction of translation of the amino acid analog, and it was shown that the initiation suppression method can translate and synthesize a peptide containing a plurality of amino acid analogs with high purity.
- Example 5 Synthesis of an amide-cyclized peptide by native chemical ligation after translational synthesis of a peptide having NMe cysteine having a protecting group at the N-terminus, deprotecting the protecting group 5-1.
- Translation synthesis of peptides with NMe cysteine with a protecting group at the N-terminus and an active ester in the side chain of the amino acid at the C-terminal side, and native chemical ligation and desulfurization after deprotecting the protecting group of the translated peptide Synthesis of Amide Cyclized Peptide Using the Initiation Suppression Method As shown in the following reaction formula, a peptide having Acbz-MeCys (StBu) at the N-terminus was translated and synthesized, and then tris (2-carboxyethyl) phosphine (TCEP) was synthesized.
- StBu Acbz-MeCys
- the amide cyclized peptide was synthesized by deprotection of Acbz, native chemical ligation, and desulfurization reaction. Specifically, in native chemical ligation using MeCys as a substrate, an equilibrium exists between the thiolactone form produced from thioester exchange and the NCL amide form produced from the subsequent SN exchange, and two mixtures are obtained. . The mixture was subjected to a desulfurization reaction, and the NCL amide compound was desulfurized to bias the equilibrium and proceed the reaction to obtain the desired cyclic peptide. Therefore, the reaction conditions were set so that the peptide obtained from translational synthesis was continuously converted to synthesize the desired amide cyclized peptide. The obtained reaction mixture was subjected to mass spectrometry by MALDI, and it was confirmed that each reaction proceeded and the target amide cyclized peptide was obtained.
- the template mRNA sequence used for translational synthesis is shown in Table 19 below.
- PURE system a reconstituted cell-free protein synthesis system derived from E. coli. Specifically, cell-free translation solution (1% (v / v) RNasein Ribonuclease inhibitor (Promega, N2111), 1 mM GTP, 1 mM ATP, 20 mM creatine phosphate, 50 mM HEPES-KOH pH 7.6, 100 mM potassium acetate, 6 mM magnesium acetate, 2 mM spermidine, 1 mM dithiothreitol, 1.5 mg / ml E.
- RNasein Ribonuclease inhibitor Promega, N21111
- 1 mM GTP 1 mM ATP
- 20 mM creatine phosphate 20 mM creatine phosphate
- 50 mM HEPES-KOH pH 7.6 100 mM potassium acetate, 6 mM magnesium acetate, 2 mM spermidine, 1 mM dithiothreitol
- 150 mM TCEP cyclization reaction reagent solution is pH 7.0 TCEP solution (500 mM, 12 ⁇ L), pH 8.3 Tris solution (2 M, 3 ⁇ L), pH 8.0 EDTA solution (500 mM, product number 14362-24, 5 ⁇ L, nacalai) ) And an aqueous potassium hydroxide solution (200 mM, 20 ⁇ L). Further, pH 7.0 TCEP solution (500 mM, 7 ⁇ L) and glutathione (GSH) solution (250 mM, 1 ⁇ L) were added to the cyclization reaction solution (7 ⁇ L), and the mixture was allowed to stand at 42 ° C.
- pH 7.0 TCEP solution 500 mM, 7 ⁇ L
- GSH glutathione
- RNA stability evaluation under post-translational modification conditions RNA is stable under each reaction condition in which the peptide obtained from translational synthesis can be continuously converted to synthesize the desired amide cyclized peptide. An experiment was conducted to confirm this. 6-1. Preparation of mRNA-puromycin linker ligation product for evaluation of stability under post-translational modification conditions A DNA library (SEQ ID NO: D-16) prepared by the method described in the literature (Patent Document WO2013 / 100132) was used as a template.
- T7 RiboMAX TM Express Large Scale RNA Production System (Promega Corporation, P1320) mRNA (SEQ ID NO: R-16) were prepared by in vitro transcription using was purified using RNeasy MinElute kit (Qiagen Inc.). 6 ⁇ M mRNA (SEQ ID NO: R-16) was added to 9 ⁇ M puromycin linker (Sigma) (SEQ ID NO: C-1), 1X T4 RNA ligase reaction buffer (New england bio lab.), 1 mM ATP, 10% DMSO. The ligation reaction was carried out at 37 ° C.
- NNN GTAATACGACTCACTATAGGGTTAACTTTAAGAAGGAGATATACATATGTGC
- RNA SEQ ID NO: R-16 (SEQ ID NO: 29) GGGUUAACUUUAAGAAGGAGAUAUACAUAUGUGC (PPP) 9 UAGCCGACCGGCACCGGCACCGGCGAUAGGGCGGCGGGGACAAA
- PPP GGGUUAACUUUAAGAAGGAGAUAUACAUAUGUGC
- UUU, UUG, CUA, AUU, GUU, CCG, ACU, GCU, UAC, CAU, CAG, GAA, UGG, CGG, AGU, AGG, GGU appear randomly Means that.
- (PP) 9 is schematically that are meant (AUU) 9 not mean only 17 9 diversity by selecting, for example, from 17 different results that it is bound any PPP is 9 times It is shown as an example.
- mRNA-puromycin linker ligation product (SEQ ID NO: R-17) (SEQ ID NO: 31) GGGUUAACUUUAAGAAGGAGAUAUACAUAUGUGC (PPP) 9 UAGCCGACCGGCACCGGCACCGGCGAUAGGGCGGCGGGGACAAACCCGTCCCCGCCGCCCT [Spacer18] [Spacer18] [Spacer18] [Spacer18] [Spacer18] CC [Puromycin]
- a buffer solution (1 mM GTP, 1 mM ATP, 20 mM creatine phosphate, 50 mM HEPES-KOH pH 7.6, 100 mM potassium acetate, 9 mM acetic acid containing 1 ⁇ M mRNA-puromycin linker ligation product (SEQ ID NO: R-17).
- Magnesium, 2 mM spermidine, 1 mM dithiothreitol, 0.1 mM 10-HCO-H4folate (60 ⁇ L) was mixed with 150 mM TCEP cyclization reagent solution (15 ⁇ L) and allowed to stand at 37 ° C. for 1 hour.
- the 150 mM TCEP cyclization reagent solution has pH 7.0 TCEP solution (500 mM, 12 ⁇ L), pH 8.3 Tris solution (2 M, 3 ⁇ L), pH 8.0 EDTA solution (500 mM, product number 14362-24, 5 ⁇ L, nacalai), An aqueous solution of potassium hydroxide (200 mM, 20 ⁇ L) was mixed to prepare an Acbz deprotected cyclization solution.
- pH 7.0 TCEP solution 500 mM, 75 ⁇ L
- glutathione (GSH) solution 250 mM, 10.7 ⁇ L
- VA-044 2,2 ′ -Azobis [2- (2-imidazolin-2-yl) propane] dihydrochloride (VA-044) solution (1M, 42.9 ⁇ L) and aqueous potassium hydroxide solution (1M, 10.7 ⁇ L) were mixed at 42 ° C. It was left for 3 hours. Thereafter, purification was performed using RNeasy MinElute kit (Qiagen) to obtain a solution of mRNA-puromycin linker ligation product, and then analysis by electrophoresis was performed. (FIG. 7, lane 1).
- mRNA-puromycin linker ligation product was purified using the RNeasy MinElute kit (Qiagen) in the same manner as described above, prepared as a solution not subjected to desulfurization reaction conditions, and used for migration comparison (FIG. 7, lane 2). ). Further, as a standard solution, a 0.5 ⁇ M mRNA-puromycin linker ligation product (SEQ ID NO: R-17) solution not subjected to the reaction conditions was used for migration comparison (FIG. 7, lane 3). As a marker, TrackIt 10 bp ladder (Life Technologies, product number 10488-019) was used (FIG. 7, lane 4).
- RNA does not decompose and exists stably in a series of reaction conditions of deprotection reaction of Acbz group, amide cyclization reaction by native chemical ligation, and subsequent desulfurization reaction.
- tert-butyl 2-bromoacetate (0.006 ml, 0.040 mmol) was added and stirred at room temperature for 16.5 hours, and then the reaction solution was concentrated under reduced pressure to obtain a concentrated residue.
- the obtained concentrated residue was dissolved in DCM (1 ml), the mixture was cooled in an ice bath, and TFA (1 ml) was added. The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 60 minutes, and then the reaction solution was concentrated under reduced pressure. Under a nitrogen atmosphere, DMF (0.40 mL) was added to a mixture of the obtained concentrated residue and (4-nitrophenyl) 4-azidobenzyl carbonate (62.9 mg, 0.20 mmol) at room temperature.
- N-((((4-azidobenzyl) oxy) carbonyl) -N- (2- (tert-butyldisulfanyl) ethyl) glycine compound nk32
- DIPEA N-diisopropylethylamine
- the obtained concentrated residue was dissolved in DCM (1 ml), the mixture was cooled in an ice bath, and TFA (1 ml) was added. The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 15 minutes, and then the reaction solution was concentrated under reduced pressure. Under a nitrogen atmosphere, DMF (0.4 mL) was added to a mixture of the obtained concentrated residue and carbonic acid (4-nitrophenyl) 4-azidobenzyl (62.9 mg, 0.20 mmol) at room temperature. After the mixture was cooled in an ice bath, triethylamine (139 ⁇ L, 1.00 mmol) was added. The reaction mixture was stirred at 35 ° C.
- reaction solution was concentrated under reduced pressure and purified by reverse phase silica gel column chromatography (0.1% formic acid aqueous solution / 0.1% formic acid acetonitrile solution) to obtain (2S, 4R) -1-((((9H-fluorene-9 -Yl) methoxy) carbonyl) -4- (methyldisulfanyl) pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid (compound nk43) (77.8 mg, 95%) was obtained.
- LCMS (ESI) m / z 416 (M + H) + Retention time: 0.87 minutes (analysis condition SQDFA05)
- the obtained concentrated residue was dissolved in acetonitrile (1.6 mL), and N, N-diisopropylethylamine (0.14 mL, 0.80 mmol) was added. After cooling the mixture to ⁇ 20 degrees, chloromethyl chloroformate (51.6 mg, 0.400 mmol) was added. The reaction mixture was stirred at 0 ° C. for 30 minutes, water (7.2 ⁇ L, 0.40 mmol) was added, and the reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 10 minutes, and then the reaction solution was concentrated under reduced pressure. The resulting concentrated residue was dissolved in acetonitrile (1.6 mL) and tetrabutylammonium azide (569 mg, 2.00 mmol) was added.
- Example 8 Synthesis of aminoacyl-tRNA for translation initiation having a protecting group at the amino group 8-1.
- Aminoacyl-tRNA synthesis for introducing an amino acid analog at the N-terminus 50 ⁇ M Transcription tRNAfMetCAU (-CA) (SEQ ID NO: R-1) (20 ⁇ l) and 10 ⁇ ligation buffer (500 mM HEPES-KOH pH 7.5, 200 mM MgCl2) ( 4 ⁇ l), 10 mM ATP (4 ⁇ l), and Nuclease free water (5.6 ⁇ l) were added, heated at 95 ° C. for 2 minutes, and then allowed to stand at room temperature for 5 minutes to refold tRNA.
- -CA Transcription tRNAfMetCAU
- Example 9 9-1 Translation synthesis of peptides having amino acids with amino groups and thiol groups at the N-terminus using the initiation suppression method In the same way as in 3-2 above, the amino suppression and thiol groups are protected using the initiation suppression method, respectively.
- Translation synthesis was performed by adding tRNAfMet in which the amino acid having a group was aminoacylated to a cell-free translation system.
- PURE system a reconstituted cell-free protein synthesis system derived from E. coli, was used.
- cell-free translation solution 1% (v / v) RNasein Ribonuclease inhibitor (Promega, N2111), 1 mM GTP, 1 mM ATP, 20 mM creatine phosphate, 50 mM HEPES-KOH pH 7.6, 100 mM potassium acetate, 10 mM magnesium acetate, 2 mM spermidine, 1 mM dithiothreitol, 0.5 mg / ml E.
- ⁇ Detection by mass spectrometry> In order to mass-analyze peptides synthesized by cell-free translation system, MALDI-TOF MS was used. Specifically, 1 ⁇ M template mRNA (R-4) and Thr, Arg, Lys, Ala, Tyr, Trp, Ser, Leu, Pro, and Gly (each final concentration of 250 ⁇ M) are added to the above-described cell-free translation system.
- tRNAfMet (Acbz- (tBuSSEt) Gly-tRNAfMetCAU (compound AAtR-10), Acbz- (tBuSSEt) ⁇ Ala-tRNAfMetCAU) in which amino acids each having a protecting group at the amino group and thiol group are aminoacylated.
- the translation products were analyzed by MALDI-TOF MS using ⁇ -cyano-4-hydroxycinnamic acid (CHCA) as the matrix.
- CHCA ⁇ -cyano-4-hydroxycinnamic acid
- -tRNAfMetCAU (compound AAtR-10), Acbz- (tBuSSEt) ⁇ Ala-tRNAfMetCAU (compound AAtR-11), Acbz- ⁇ hCys (StBu) -tRNAfMetCAU (compound AATR-12), Acbz-Pro (SSMe) -tRNAfMtCAU (tAAfMtCAU) -13), Azoc- (tBuSSEt) GABA-tRNAfMetCAU (compound AATR-14) (final concentration 25 ⁇ M) was added to the translation solution mixture and allowed to stand for 1 hour at 37 ° C. Also, as a control experiment, for starting translation.
- the gel after electrophoresis is dried using Clear Dry Quick Dry Starter KIT (TEFCO, 03-278), exposed to an imaging plate (GE Healthcare, 28-9564-75) for 24 hours, and bioanalyzer system ( (Typhoon FLA 7000, GE Healthcare) and detected by ImageQuantTL (GE Healthcare).
- TEZ- (tBuSSEt) Gly the production ratio of the target peptide (peptide SEQ ID NO: Pep-66) and by-product (peptide SEQ ID NO: Pep-9) was 96:10 (formylmethionine as a control experiment).
- the initiation suppression method is used to have an Acbz-Cys (StBu) at the N-terminus and a Cys-Pro-HOGly sequence and a side chain amino group as shown in the following reaction formula
- a peptide having a lysine with a translation was synthesized.
- a cyclic peptide was synthesized by a cyclization reaction by native chemical ligation, and then a branched peptide was synthesized by a subsequent second reaction.
- PURE system a reconstituted cell-free protein synthesis system derived from E. coli. Specifically, cell-free translation solution (1% (v / v) RNasein Ribonuclease inhibitor (Promega, N2111), 1 mM GTP, 1 mM ATP, 20 mM creatine phosphate, 50 mM HEPES-KOH pH 7.6, 100 mM potassium acetate, 10 mM magnesium acetate, 2 mM spermidine, 1 mM dithiothreitol, 1.5 mg / ml E.
- RNasein Ribonuclease inhibitor Promega, N21111
- 1 mM GTP 1 mM ATP
- 20 mM creatine phosphate 20 mM creatine phosphate
- 50 mM HEPES-KOH pH 7.6 100 mM potassium acetate, 10 mM magnesium acetate, 2 mM spermidine, 1 mM dithiothreitol
- coli MRE600 RNase negative -derived tRNA (Roche), 4 ⁇ g / ml creatine kinase, 3 ⁇ g / ml myokinase, 2 unit / ml inorganic pyrophosphatase, 1.1 ⁇ g / ml nucleoside diphosphate kinase, 0.6 ⁇ M methionyl tRNA transformylase, 0.26 ⁇ M EF-G, 0.24 ⁇ M RF2, 0.17 ⁇ M RF3, 0.5 ⁇ M RRF, 2.7 ⁇ M IF1,0 4 ⁇ M IF2, 1.5 ⁇ M IF3, 40 ⁇ M EF-Tu, 44 ⁇ M EF-Ts, 1.2 ⁇ M ribosome, 0.73 ⁇ M AlaRS, 0.03 ⁇ M ArgRS, 0.38 ⁇ M AsnRS, 0.13 ⁇ M AspRS, 0.02 ⁇ M CysRS, 0.
- the TCEP solution (1M) was prepared by mixing TCEP hydrochloride (73.2 mg, 0.256 mmol) and an aqueous potassium hydroxide solution (8M, 128 ⁇ L) using Nuclease free water.
- the generation of branched peptides was confirmed by MALDI-TOF MS (FIG. 10-2, lower figure).
- the MS intensity ratio of the target branched peptide (Pep-73), by-product (Pep-74) and cyclic peptide (Pep-71) was 85: 9: 6.
- Example 11 Construction of Display Library Cyclized by Amide Cyclization Using Initiation Suppression Method and Panning of Target-Binding Peptide Using the initiation suppression method, a cyclic peptide display library was prepared and panned to perform GTPase. Experiments were conducted to obtain binding peptides for KRas (KRAS).
- reaction solution was purified by reverse phase silica gel column chromatography (0.05% trifluoroacetic acid aqueous solution / 0.05% trifluoroacetic acid acetonitrile) to give the title compound (compound nk58, Pen-MePhe (4-Cl) -pCpA). (119 mg, 46%, 2 steps) was obtained.
- LCMS (ESI) m / z 928 (M ⁇ H) ⁇ Retention time: 0.52 minutes (analysis condition SQDFA05)
- a DNA library was constructed by the method described in a randomized double-stranded DNA library patent document (WO2013 / 100132A1) encoding a peptide library .
- a TTT, TTG, CTA, ATT, GTT, CCG, ACT, GCT, TAC, CAT, CAG, TGG, CGG, AGT, AGG, and GGT codons that appear repeatedly 9 times were prepared.
- Translation solution used for panning has the following composition. 1 mM GTP, 1 mM ATP, 20 mM creatine phosphate, 50 mM HEPES-KOH pH 7.6, 100 mM potassium acetate, 10 mM magnesium acetate, 2 mM spermidine, 1 mM dithiothreitol, 0.5 mg / ml E.
- E. coli tRNA Ala1B 3 ⁇ M purified E. coli tRNA His QUG (Nucleic Acids Res. 2010 Apr; 38 (6): e89. Purification)
- 250 ⁇ M glycine 250 ⁇ M isoleucine, 250 ⁇ M proline, 250 ⁇ M threonine, 250 ⁇ M tryptophan, 250 ⁇ M lysine, 5 mM N-methylvaline, 5 mM N-methylserine, 5 mM N-methylalanine, 5 mM N-methylphenylalanine, 250 ⁇ M 3-fluorotyrosine, 5 mM N-methylhistidine
- Elongator aminoacylated tRNA mixture shown in Table 23. Furthermore, it prepared by adding any one of Initiator aminoacylated tRNA (Table 24).
- the present invention is useful in providing a peptide having a drug-like cyclic portion containing a plurality of amino acid analogs, a complex of the peptide and a nucleic acid, and a display library of the complex.
- a display library constructed using the present invention it is possible to synthesize peptides with higher efficiency than a display library obtained by a conventional technique.
- a display library constructed using the present invention is expected to contain more diverse compounds than a display library obtained by a conventional method. Therefore, by using the method of the present invention, the probability of acquiring more various drug-like hit compounds is further increased.
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Abstract
Description
〔1〕
2以上のアミノ酸類縁体残基を含みかつ環状部を有するペプチド、当該ペプチドと核酸との複合体又は当該複合体を含むライブラリーの製造方法であって、
第一の反応点を有する下記一般式(I)または下記一般式(II):
(式中、
R1は、翻訳合成が可能なチオール基の保護基であり;
R2、およびR3は、それぞれ独立して、水素原子、アルキル基、アルケニル基、アルキニル基、アリール基、ヘテロアリール基、アラルキル基、またはシクロアルキル基であり、これらの基は置換されていてもよく、あるいはR2とR3は、それらが結合する原子と一緒になって環を形成し;あるいはR2またはR3は、R4およびそれらが結合する原子と一緒になって環を形成し、但しR2が、これが結合するN原子およびSP-1と一緒になってアジド基(-N3)を形成する場合、上記の定義はR2に対して適用されず;
R4は、アルキレン、アリーレン、ヘテロアリーレン、アルキレンアリーレン、アルキレンヘテロアリーレン、アリーレンアルキレン、またはヘテロアリーレンアルキレンであり、これらの基は置換されていてもよく;
R11、およびR12は、それぞれ独立して、単結合、アルキレン、アリーレン、ヘテロアリーレン、アルキレンアリーレン、アルキレンヘテロアリーレン、アリーレンアルキレン、またはヘテロアリーレンアルキレンであり、これらの基は置換されていてもよく;
SP-1は、これが結合するN原子およびR2と一緒になってアジド基を形成するか、
以下の式:
(式中のP1は、単結合、アリーレン、またはヘテロアリーレンである)で表されるか、または以下の式:
(式中のP2は、アルキル、アリール、またはヘテロアリールである)で表される、アミノ基の保護基である)
で表されるアミノ酸残基をN末端に有し、かつその側鎖の1つに第二の反応点を有するアミノ酸残基をN末端から少なくとも4残基C末端側に有する非環状ペプチドをコードする核酸から翻訳して合成されるペプチド、または当該ペプチドと当該核酸との複合体において、第一の反応点と第二の反応点とを反応させて、アミド結合を形成させる工程を含む、方法。
〔2〕
R1が、S-R23(ここで、R23はアルキル、アルケニル、アルキニル、アリール、ヘテロアリール、またはアラルキルであり、これらの基は置換されていてもよい)、スルホネート(-SO3 -)、およびチオスルホネート(-S2O3 -)からなる群より選択される、〔1〕記載の方法。
〔3〕
R23が、メチル、エチル、イソプロピル、tert―ブチル、フェニル、p-トリフルオロメチルフェニル、p-フルオロフェニル、ベンジル、またはフェネチルであり、これらの基は置換されていてもよい、〔2〕に記載の方法。
〔4〕
R2、R3は、それぞれ独立して、水素原子、ハロゲンで置換されてもよいC1-C4アルキル、またはC1-C4アルコキシである、〔1〕~〔3〕のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
〔5〕
R4が、以下:
(式中、R13~R18は、それぞれ独立して、水素原子、置換されてもよいアルキル、または置換されてもよいアルコキシである)からなる群より選択される、〔1〕~〔4〕のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
〔6〕
R13~R18が、それぞれ独立して、水素原子またはメチルである、〔5〕に記載の方法。
〔7〕
R11およびR12がそれぞれ独立して、単結合であるか、または以下:
(ここでR13'~R18'は、それぞれ独立して、水素原子、置換されてもよいアルキル、または置換されてもよいアルコキシである)からなる群より選択される、〔1〕~〔6〕のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
〔8〕
R13'~R18'が、それぞれ独立して、水素原子またはメチル基である、〔7〕に記載の方法。
〔9〕
一般式(I)で表されるアミノ酸残基が、以下の一般式:
(式中、
R1~R4およびSP-1は、それぞれ〔1〕に記載のR1~R4およびSP-1と同意義を表し、
R13'~R16'は、それぞれ〔7〕に記載のR13'~R16'と同意義を表す。)
のいずれかで表されるアミノ酸残基であるか、または、
一般式(II)で表されるアミノ酸残基が、以下の一般式:
(式中、
R1、R4およびSP-1は、それぞれ〔1〕に記載のR1、R4およびSP-1と同意義を表し、
R13'~R18'は、それぞれ〔7〕に記載のR13'~R18'と同意義を表す。)
のいずれかで表されるアミノ酸残基である、〔1〕~〔8〕のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
〔10〕
一般式(I)で表されるアミノ酸残基が、以下の一般式:
(式中、
R1~R3およびSP-1は、それぞれ〔1〕に記載のR1~R3およびSP-1と同意義を表し;
R13~R16は、それぞれ〔5〕に記載のR13~16と同意義を表し;
R13'~R16'は、それぞれ〔7〕に記載のR13'~R16'と同意義を表し;あるいはR2は、R13、R14、R15またはR16およびそれらが結合する原子と一緒になって環を形成し、但しR2が、これが結合するN原子およびSP-1と一緒になってアジド基(-N3)を形成する場合、上記の定義はR2に対して適用されない)のいずれかで表されるアミノ酸残基であるか、または、
一般式(II)で表されるアミノ酸残基が、以下の一般式:
(式中、
R1およびSP-1は、それぞれ〔1〕に記載のR1およびSP-1と同意義を表し;
R13~R18は、それぞれ〔5〕に記載のR13~R18と同意義を表し;
R13'~R18'は、それぞれ〔7〕に記載のR13'~R18'と同意義を表す。)
のいずれかで表されるアミノ酸残基である、〔1〕~〔9〕のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
〔11〕
SP-1が、4-アジドベンジルオキシカルボニル(p-Acbz)、2-アジドベンジルオキシカルボニル(o-Acbz)、アジドメトキシカルボニル(Azoc)、フェニルジスルファニルエチルオキシカルボニル(Phdec)、2-ピリジルジスルファニルエチルオキシカルボニル(Pydec)、もしくは2-(t-ブチルジスルファニル)エチルオキシカルボニル(Tbeoc)であるか、またはSP-1は、これが結合するN原子およびR2と一緒になってアジド基を形成する、〔1〕~〔10〕のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
〔12〕
側鎖の1つに第二の反応点を有するアミノ酸残基が、以下の一般式:
(式中、
R2"、R3"は、それぞれ独立して、水素原子、アルキル、アルケニル、アルキニル、アリール、ヘテロアリール、アラルキル、またはシクロアルキルであり、これらの基は置換されていてもよく、あるいはR2"とR3"は、それらが結合する原子と一緒になって環を形成し;あるいはR2"またはR3"は、R26およびそれらが結合する原子と一緒になって環を形成し;
R25は水酸基であるか、またはそれが結合するCOと共に活性エステルを形成し;
R26は、アルキレン、アリーレン、ヘテロアリーレン、アリーレンアルキレン、またはヘテロアリーレンアルキレンであり、これらの基は置換されていてもよい)
で表される、〔1〕~〔11〕のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
〔13〕
R26が、以下:
(式中、R13"~R18"は、それぞれ独立して、水素原子、置換されてもよいアルキル、または置換されてもよいアルコキシである)からなる群より選択される、〔1〕~〔12〕のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
〔14〕
側鎖の1つに第二の反応点を有するアミノ酸残基が、以下の一般式:
(式中、
R2"は、〔12〕に記載のR2"と同意義を表し;
R3"は、水素原子、または置換されてもよいC1-C4アルキル基であり;
R27は、水素原子、置換されてもよいアルキル基、置換されてもよいアルケニル基、置換されてもよいアルキニル基、置換されてもよいアリール基、置換されてもよいヘテロアリール基、置換されてもよいシクロアルキル基、置換されてもよいアラルキル基の中から選択される)
で表される、〔1〕~〔13〕のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
〔15〕
側鎖の1つに第二の反応点を有するアミノ酸残基が、以下の一般式:
(式中、
R2"は、〔12〕に記載のR2"と同意義を表し;
R3"は、水素原子、または置換されてもよいC1-C4アルキル基であり;
R28およびR29は、それぞれ独立して、水素原子、置換されてもよいC1-C6アルキル基、置換されてもよいC2-C6アルケニル基、置換されてもよいC2-C6アルキニル基、置換されてもよいアリール基、置換されてもよいヘテロアリール基、置換されてもよいアラルキル基、または置換されてもよいシクロアルキル基であり;
R27は、水素原子、置換されてもよいアルキル基、置換されてもよいアルケニル基、置換されてもよいアルキニル基、置換されてもよいアリール基、置換されてもよいヘテロアリール基、置換されてもよいシクロアルキル基、置換されてもよいアラルキル基の中から選択される)
で表される、〔1〕~〔14〕のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
〔16〕
環状部に存在する-SH基を脱硫する工程をさらに含む、〔1〕~〔15〕のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
〔17〕
環状部を有するペプチドと核酸との複合体が、ペプチドと核酸との間にリンカーを有する、〔1〕~〔16〕のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
〔18〕
ペプチドが、メチオニン、メチオニルtRNA合成酵素(MetRS)、メチオニン用翻訳開始tRNA、フォルミルドナー、メチオニルtRNAトランスフェラーゼの少なくとも1つを含まない無細胞翻訳系において翻訳して合成される、〔1〕~〔17〕のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
〔19〕
下記一般式(IA)または下記一般式(IIA)で表される化合物:
(式中、R1~R4、R11、R12、およびSP-1は、それぞれ〔1〕のR1~R4、R11、R12、およびSP-1と同意義を表す)。
〔20〕
下記一般式(IB)または下記一般式(IIB)で表される化合物:
(式中、R1~R4、R11、R12、およびSP-1は、それぞれ〔1〕のR1~R4、R11、R12、およびSP-1と同意義を表し、R30はHまたは水酸基を表す)。
〔21〕
〔19〕記載の化合物とtRNAが結合してなるアミノアシルtRNA。
〔22〕
第一の反応点を有する下記一般式(I)または下記一般式(II)で表される、アミノ酸残基をN末端に有し、かつその側鎖の1つに第二の反応点を有するアミノ酸残基をN末端から少なくとも4残基C末端側に有する非環状ペプチド、または当該ペプチドと核酸との複合体:
(式中、R1~R4、R11、R12、およびSP-1は、それぞれ〔1〕のR1~R4、R11、R12、およびSP-1と同意義を表す)。
〔23〕
非環状ペプチドが、第一の反応点を有する下記一般式(I)または下記一般式(II):
(式中、R1~R4、R11、R12、およびSP-1は、それぞれ〔1〕のR1~R4、R11、R12、およびSP-1と同意義を表す)で表されるアミノ酸残基をN末端に有し、かつその側鎖の1つに第二の反応点を有するアミノ酸残基をN末端から少なくとも4残基C末端側に有する非環状ペプチドをコードする核酸から翻訳して合成する工程を含む方法によって得られる、〔22〕記載のペプチド又は複合体。
〔24〕
〔22〕もしくは〔23〕記載のペプチド又は複合体を用いて、2以上のアミノ酸類縁体残基を含みかつ環状部を有するペプチド、当該ペプチドと核酸との複合体又はそのライブラリーを製造する方法。
〔25〕
一般式(I)で表されるアミノ酸残基が、以下の式:
(式中、R1、R2、およびSP-1は、それぞれ〔1〕のR1、R2、およびSP-1と同意義を表す)。
のいずれかで表されるアミノ酸残基であるか、または
一般式(II)で表されるアミノ酸残基が、以下の式:
(式中、
R1は、-S-R23であり、
R23は、C1-C20アルキル、置換されていてもよいフェニル、または置換されていてもよいベンジルであり、
SP-1は、p-Acbz、o-Acbz、またはAzocである)
のいずれかで表されるアミノ酸残基である、〔1〕~〔18〕のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
〔26〕
一般式(I)で表されるアミノ酸残基が、以下の式:
(式中、R1、およびSP-1は、それぞれ〔1〕のR1、およびSP-1と同意義を表し、R2は水素原子、またはアルキル基であり、アルキル基は置換されていてもよい)
のいずれかで表されるアミノ酸残基であるか、または、
一般式(II)で表されるアミノ酸残基が、以下の式:
(式中、
R1は、-S-R23であり、
R23は、メチル、エチル、n-プロピル、i-プロピル、n-ブチル、t-ブチル、またはsec-ブチルであり、
SP-1は、p-Acbz、o-Acbz、またはAzocである)
のいずれかで表されるアミノ酸残基である、〔1〕~〔18〕および〔25〕のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
〔27〕
2以上のアミノ酸類縁体残基を含みかつ環状部を有するペプチド、当該ペプチドと核酸との複合体又は当該複合体を含むライブラリーの製造方法であって、以下の(a)および(b)に記載の工程を含む方法:
(a)第一の反応点を有する下記一般式(I)または下記一般式(II):
(式中、
R1は、翻訳合成が可能なチオール基の保護基であり;
R2、およびR3は、それぞれ独立して、水素原子、アルキル、アルケニル、アルキニル、アリール、ヘテロアリール、アラルキル、またはシクロアルキルであり、これらの基は置換されていてもよく、あるいはR2とR3は、それらが結合する原子と一緒になって環を形成し;あるいはR2またはR3は、R4およびそれらが結合する原子と一緒になって環を形成し、但しR2が、これが結合するN原子およびSP-1と一緒になってアジド基(-N3)を形成する場合、上記の定義はR2に対して適用されず;
R4は、アルキレン、アリーレン、ヘテロアリーレン、アルキレンアリーレン、アルキレンヘテロアリーレン、アリーレンアルキレン、またはヘテロアリーレンアルキレンであり、これらの基は置換されていてもよく;
R11、およびR12は、それぞれ独立して、単結合、アルキレン、アリーレン、ヘテロアリーレン、アルキレンアリーレン、アルキレンヘテロアリーレン、アリーレンアルキレン、またはヘテロアリーレンアルキレンであり、これらの基は置換されていてもよく;
SP-1は、これが結合するN原子およびR2と一緒になってアジド基を形成するか、
以下の式:
(式中のP1は、単結合、アリーレン、またはヘテロアリーレンである)で表されるか、または以下の式:
(式中のP2は、アルキル、アリール、またはヘテロアリールである)で表される、アミノ基の保護基である)
で表されるアミノ酸残基をN末端に有し、かつその側鎖の1つに第二の反応点を有するアミノ酸残基をN末端から少なくとも4残基C末端側に有する非環状ペプチド、または当該ペプチドと核酸との複合体を、当該ペプチドをコードする核酸から翻訳して合成する工程、および
(b)工程(a)で得られる非環状ペプチド、または当該ペプチドと核酸との複合体から一般式(I)中のR1およびSP-1を除去し、第一の反応点と第二の反応点とを反応させてアミド結合を形成させる工程を含む、方法。
その結果、アミノ酸類縁体を複数含むドラックライクな環状部を有するペプチド、当該ペプチドと核酸の複合体、および当該複合体のディスプレイライブラリーが提供される。本発明を用いて構築したディスプレイライブラリーは、従来の手法よりもアミノ酸類縁体を多数含むペプチドを高い効率で翻訳合成できるので、より多彩なドラックライクなヒット化合物を取得する確率がさらに高まる。
本明細書において、「アルキル」とは脂肪族炭化水素から任意の水素原子を1個除いて誘導される1価の基であり、骨格中にヘテロ原子または不飽和の炭素-炭素結合を含有せず、水素および炭素原子を含有するヒドロカルビルまたは炭化水素基構造の部分集合を有する。炭素鎖の長さnは1~20個の範囲である。アルキルとしては、たとえば、「C1-C6アルキル」が挙げられ具体的には、メチル、エチル、プロピル、ブチル、ペンチル、ヘキシル、イソプロピル、t-ブチル基、sec-ブチル基、1-メチルプロピル基、1,1-ジメチルプロピル基、2,2-ジメチルプロピル、1,2-ジメチルプロピル、1,1,2-トリメチルプロピル、1,2,2-トリメチルプロピル、1,1,2,2-テトラメチルプロピル、1-メチルブチル、2-メチルブチル、3-メチルブチル、1,1-ジメチルブチル、1,2-ジメチルブチル、1,1-ジメチルブチル、1,2-ジメチルブチル、1,3-ジメチルブチル、2,2-ジメチルブチル、2,3-ジメチルブチル、3,3-ジメチルブチル、1-エチルブチル、2-エチルブチル、イソペンチル、ネオペンチル等が挙げられる。
このようなアルケニルとして、具体的には、たとえば、ビニル、アリル、1-プロペニル、2-プロペニル、1-ブテニル、2-ブテニル(シス、トランスを含む)、3-ブテニル、ペンテニル、ヘキセニルなどが挙げられる。
アルキニルとしては具体的には、たとえば、エチニル、1-プロピニル、プロパルギル、3-ブチニル、ペンチニル、ヘキシニル、3-フェニル-2-プロピニル、3-(2'-フルオロフェニル)-2-プロピニル、2-ヒドロキシ-2-プロピニル、3-(3-フルオロフェニル)-2-プロピニル、3-メチル-(5-フェニル)-4-ペンチニルなどが挙げられる。
ヘテロアリールとしては具体的には、たとえば、フリル、チエニル、ピロリル、イミダゾリル、ピラゾリル、チアゾリル、イソチアゾリル、オキサゾリル、イソオキサゾリル、オキサジアゾリル、チアジアゾリル、トリアゾリル、テトラゾリル、ピリジル、ピリミジル、ピリダジニル、ピラジニル、トリアジニル、ベンゾフラニル、ベンゾチエニル、ベンゾチアジアゾリル、ベンゾチアゾリル、ベンゾオキサゾリル、ベンゾオキサジアゾリル、ベンゾイミダゾリル、インドリル、イソインドリル、インダゾリル、キノリル、イソキノリル、シンノリニル、キナゾリニル、キノキサリニル、ベンゾジオキソリル、インドリジニル、イミダゾピリジルなどが挙げられる。
・環状部を有するペプチド、当該ペプチドと核酸の複合体
本発明において、環状部を有するペプチド、当該ペプチドと核酸の複合体の環状部は、翻訳合成された後のペプチド、当該ペプチドと核酸の複合体をアミド化反応に供することにより形成される。本発明において、ペプチドと核酸の複合体のペプチドの部分を、「ペプチド部位」と記載する場合がある。また、本発明において、「核酸」にはDNAとmRNAが含まれる。
または一般式(II):
で表されるアミノ酸残基が挙げられる。
(-C=O-OR)
N-メチルアラニン、N-メチルグリシン、N-メチルフェニルアラニン、N-メチルチロシン、N-メチル-3-クロロフェニルアラニン、N-メチル-4―クロロフェニルアラニン、N-メチル-4-メトキシフェニルアラニン、N-メチル-4-チアゾールアラニン、N-メチルヒスチジン、N-メチルセリン、N-メチルアスパラギン酸、
本発明の環状部を有するペプチド、当該ペプチドと核酸との複合体(ペプチド-核酸複合体)、またはペプチド-核酸複合体のライブラリーは、例えば以下に記載の工程を含む方法を利用して製造することが可能である。
1)アミノ酸残基により構成される非環状のペプチドまたはペプチド部位を、該ペプチドまたはペプチド部位をコードする核酸から翻訳して合成する工程であって、
該非環状のペプチドまたはペプチド部位は、第一の反応点を有する下記一般式(I)または下記一般式(II):
で表されるアミノ酸残基をN末端に含み、側鎖の1つに第二の反応点を有するアミノ酸残基をC末端側に含む、工程;および
2)第一の反応点と、第二の反応点とを反応させ、アミド結合を形成させる工程
を含む、前記方法。
本発明では、チオール基をアミノ基近傍に有し、チオール基とアミノ基がどちらとも保護されているアミノ酸残基(三角ユニット、例えば、保護基によって保護されたシステインやシステイン類縁体)をアミノアシル化した翻訳開始tRNAを用いて翻訳させることによってN末端を所望のアミノ酸として翻訳させることもできる。すなわち本発明は、第一の反応点を有する一般式(I)で表されるアミノ酸残基をN末端に含み、側鎖の1つに第二の反応点を有するアミノ酸残基をC末端側に含む非環状ペプチドの製造方法をも提供する。
式中のR1~R4は、それぞれ前記R1~R4の定義と同一であり、R13'~R16'はそれぞれ前記R13~R16の定義と同様であり、式中のSP-1は、後述のSP-1の定義と同一である。
式中のR1、R4は、それぞれ前記R1、R4の定義と同一であり、R13'~R18'はそれぞれ前記R13~R18の定義と同様であり、式中のSP-1は、後述のSP-1の定義と同一である。
式中のR1~R3、およびR13~R16は、それぞれ前記R1~R3、およびR13~R16の定義と同一であり、式中のR13'~R16'は、それぞれ前記R13~R16の定義と同様であり、式中のSP-1は、後述のSP-1の定義と同一であり、
あるいはR2は、R13、R14、R15またはR16およびそれらが結合する原子と一緒になって環を形成し、但しR2が、これが結合するN原子およびSP-1と一緒になってアジド基(-N3)を形成する場合、上記の定義はR2に対して適用されない
式中のR1、およびR13~R18は、それぞれ前記R1、およびR13~R18の定義と同一であり、式中のR13'~R18'は、それぞれ前記R13~R18の定義と同様であり、式中のSP-1は、後述のSP-1の定義と同一である。
(1)翻訳反応条件下でのアミノアシルtRNAの安定性を向上させること、
(2)翻訳効率を低下させないこと、
(3)脱保護反応時にmRNAには反応せずに望みの官能基のみが選択的に脱保護されること。
で表すことができる。
この場合、P1は、単結合、アリーレン、またはヘテロアリーレンなどから選択され、これらの基は、ハロゲンやアルコキシなどの置換基によりさらに置換されていてもよい。また、式中のカルボニル基のβ位に位置するメチレン基もまた置換されていてもよい。この態様における、SP-1の好ましい例として、4-アジドベンジルオキシカルボニル(p-Acbz)、2-アジドベンジルオキシカルボニル(o-Acbz)、アジドメトキシカルボニル(Azoc)などが挙げられる。
で表すことができる。この場合、P2は、アルキル、アリール、またはヘテロアリールなどから選択され、これらの基はさらに置換されていてもよい。また、式中のカルボニル基のβ位および/またはγ位のメチレン基もまた置換されていてもよい。この態様における、SP-1の好ましい例として、フェニルジスルファニルエチルオキシカルボニル(Phdec)、2-ピリジルジスルファニルエチルオキシカルボニル(Pydec)、2-(t-ブチルジスルファニル)エチルオキシカルボニル基(Tbeoc)などが挙げられる。
式中、
R1は、-S-R23であり
R23は、C1-C20アルキル、置換されていてもよいフェニル、または置換されていてもよいベンジルであり、
R2は、ドラッグライクネスに寄与する置換基で置換されていてもよいC1-C6アルキルであり、
SP-1は、p-Acbz、o-Acbz、またはAzocである。
式中、
R1は、-S-R23であり
R23は、C1-C20アルキル、置換されていてもよいフェニル、または置換されていてもよいベンジルであり、
SP-1は、p-Acbz、o-Acbz、またはAzocである。
式中、
R1は、-S-R23であり、
R23は、メチル、エチル、n-プロピル、i-プロピル、n-ブチル、t-ブチル、またはsec-ブチルであり、
R2は、メチル、エチル、n-プロピル、またはn-ブチルであり、
SP-1は、p-Acbz、またはo-Acbzである。
式中、
R1は、-S-R23であり、
R23は、メチル、エチル、n-プロピル、i-プロピル、n-ブチル、t-ブチル、またはsec-ブチルであり、
SP-1は、p-Acbz、o-Acbz、またはAzocである。
で表すことができる。式中、第二の反応点である活性エステル部位(-COR25)以外の置換基(即ち、R2"、R3"、R26)は、ドラッグライクなアミノ酸となるような基から選択することができる。本発明では活性エステルとは、三角ユニットのアミノ基部位と反応補助基であるチオールを介して反応することが可能なエステルまたはチオエステルを意味し、そのような性質を有するものであれば特に制限されない。
R27は水素原子、置換されてもよいアルキル、置換されてもよいアルケニル、置換されてもよいアルキニル、置換されてもよいアリール、置換されてもよいヘテロアリール、置換されてもよいシクロアルキル、置換されてもよいアルキルで置換されていてもよいアラルキルの中から選択される。
R28およびR29はそれぞれ、ドラッグライクなアミノ酸の側鎖の定義と同様に定義されるが、例えば水素原子、置換されてもよいC1-C6アルキル、置換されてもよいC2-C6アルケニル、置換されてもよいC2-C6アルキニル、置換されてもよいアリール、置換されてもよいヘテロアリール、置換されてもよいC1-C6アルキルで置換されていてもよいアラルキル、置換されてもよいシクロアルキルの中から選択される。
(式III-OH中の、R3"、R25、R26、式III-2-OH中のR3"、R26、R27、式III-3-OH中のR3"、R27、R28、R29は、それぞれ式III中の、R3"、R25、R26、式III-2中のR3"、R26、R27、式III-3中のR3"、R27、R28、R29と同意義である。)
(i)アミノ酸の総数が9~13残基である非環状ペプチド部位を翻訳合成して、当該非環状ペプチド部位とそれをコードする核酸配列がリンカーを介して結合している複合体からなる非環状ペプチド部位-核酸複合体を形成する工程
(ii)工程(i)で翻訳合成された複合体の非環状ペプチド部位をアミド結合によって環化し、環状部のアミノ酸残基数の合計が5~12となる環状化合物を形成する工程
(iii)工程(ii)で得られた環状部を有するペプチド部位-核酸複合体ライブラリーと生体内分子とを接触させ、当該生体内分子に対して結合活性を有する複合体を選択する工程。
あるいは、全長tRNAを用意し、種々のアミノ酸類縁体の活性エステルをtRNAに担持させるリボザイムであるフレキシザイムによるアミノアシル化も可能である。この他にも後述の方法を用いることによってアシル化tRNAを得ることが出来る。
一方、PURE systemは大腸菌の翻訳に必要な蛋白因子類、エネルギー再生系酵素、リボソームのそれぞれを抽出、精製し、tRNA、アミノ酸、ATP、GTPなどと混合した再構成無細胞翻訳系である。不純物の含有量が少ないだけでなく、再構成系であるため排除したい蛋白因子、アミノ酸を含まない系を容易に作製することができる。((i)Nat Biotechnol. 2001;19:751-5. Cell-free translation reconstituted with purified components. Shimizu Y, Inoue A, Tomari Y, Suzuki T, Yokogawa T, Nishikawa K, Ueda T.(ii)Methods Mol Biol. 2010;607:11-21.PURE technology.Shimizu Y, Ueda T.)。
A) 式(I)をアミノアシル化したpdCpA又はpCpAを提供する工程
B) 3'末端のCAを欠損する開始tRNAを提供する工程
C) 工程A)のpdCpA又はpCpAと工程B)の開始tRNAを連結させ、式(I)の開始アミノアシルtRNAを提供する工程、
D) 式(III)をアミノアシル化したpdCpA又はpCpAを提供する工程
E) 3'末端のCAを欠損するtRNAを提供する工程
F) 工程 D)のpdCpA又はpCpAと工程E)のtRNAを連結させ、式(III)のアミノアシルtRNAを提供する工程、
G) 工程C)の開始アミノアシルtRNAと工程F)のアミノアシルtRNAを含み、メチオニン、メチオニルtRNA合成酵素(MetRS)、メチオニン用翻訳開始tRNA、フォルミルドナー、メチオニルtRNAトランスフェラーゼのいずれかを含まない無細胞翻訳系を提供する工程、
H) プロモーターの下流に、工程C)の開始アミノアシルtRNAのアンチコドンに対応するコドンを1番目のコドンとして有し、さらにその下流に工程F)のアミノアシルtRNAのアンチコドンに対応するコドンを含むペプチド配列をコードする鋳型DNAライブラリーを提供する工程
I) 工程H)の鋳型DNAライブラリーからmRNAライブラリーを提供する工程
J) 工程I)のmRNAライブラリーの3'末端にリンカーを結合させる工程
K) 工程G)の無細胞翻訳系に工程J)のリンカーを結合したmRNAライブラリーを加え、翻訳することで、環化前(非環状)ペプチド部位-mRNA複合体ディスプレイライブラリーを提供する工程
L) 環状部を形成し、その後脱硫させる工程
本発明においては、工程J)の後、mRNAライブラリーの3'領域にアニールするプライマーにてcDNAを合成する工程を含むことができる。さらに本発明の方法は、以下の工程を含むことができる。
M) パニングにて、標的物質に結合したmRNAライブラリーを濃縮する工程
N) 逆転写酵素にてcDNAを合成する工程
O) 塩基配列を解析する工程
A) N-9をアミノアシル化したpdCpA又はpCpAを提供する工程
B) 3'末端のCAを欠損する開始tRNAを提供する工程
C) 工程A)のpdCpA又はpCpAと工程B)の開始tRNAを連結させ、N-9の開始アミノアシルtRNAを提供する工程、
D) 式(III)-2または式(III)-2―OHをアミノアシル化したpdCpA又はpCpAを提供する工程
E) 3'末端のCAを欠損するtRNAを提供する工程
F) 工程 D)のpdCpA又はpCpAと工程E)のtRNAを連結させ、式(III)-2または式(III)-2―OHのアミノアシルtRNAを提供する工程、
G) 工程C)の開始アミノアシルtRNAと工程F)のアミノアシルtRNAを含み、メチオニン、メチオニルtRNA合成酵素(MetRS)、メチオニン用翻訳開始tRNA、フォルミルドナー、メチオニルtRNAトランスフェラーゼのいずれかを含まない無細胞翻訳系を提供する工程、
H)プロモーターの下流に、工程C)の開始アミノアシルtRNAのアンチコドンに対応するコドンを1番目のコドンとしてATGを有し、さらにその下流に工程F)のアミノアシルtRNAのアンチコドンに対応するコドン、その3'側にプロリンもしくは他のARSの基質となるN-メチルアミノ酸のコドンを含むペプチド配列をコードする鋳型DNAライブラリーを提供する工程
I) 工程H)の鋳型DNAライブラリーからmRNAライブラリーを提供する工程
J) 工程I)のmRNAライブラリーの3'末端にリンカーを結合させる工程
K) 工程G)の無細胞翻訳系に工程J)のリンカーを結合したmRNAライブラリーを加え、翻訳することで、環化前(非環状)ペプチド部位-mRNA複合体ディスプレイライブラリーを提供する工程
L) 環状部を形成し、その後脱硫させる工程
A) N-12またはN-15をアミノアシル化したpdCpA又はpCpAを提供する工程
B) 3'末端のCAを欠損する開始tRNAを提供する工程
C) 工程A)のpdCpA又はpCpAと工程B)の開始tRNAを連結させ、N-12またはN-15の開始アミノアシルtRNAを提供する工程、
D) 式(III)-3または(III)-3-OHをアミノアシル化したpdCpA又はpCpAを提供する工程
E) 3'末端のCAを欠損するtRNAを提供する工程
F) 工程 D)のpdCpA又はpCpAと工程E)のtRNAを連結させ、式(III)-3または(III)-3-OHのアミノアシルtRNAを提供する工程、
G) 工程C)の開始アミノアシルtRNAと工程F)のアミノアシルtRNAを含み、メチオニン、メチオニルtRNA合成酵素(MetRS)、メチオニン用翻訳開始tRNA、フォルミルドナー、メチオニルtRNAトランスフェラーゼのいずれかを含まない無細胞翻訳系を提供する工程、
H)プロモーターの下流に、工程C)の開始アミノアシルtRNAのアンチコドンに対応するコドンを1番目のコドンとしてATGを有し、さらにその下流に工程F)のアミノアシルtRNAのアンチコドンに対応するコドン、その3'側にプロリンもしくは他のARSの基質となるN-メチルアミノ酸のコドンを含むペプチド配列をコードする鋳型DNAライブラリーを提供する工程
I) 工程H)の鋳型DNAライブラリーからmRNAライブラリーを提供する工程
J) 工程I)のmRNAライブラリーの3'末端にリンカーを結合させる工程
K) 工程G)の無細胞翻訳系に工程J)のリンカーを結合したmRNAライブラリーを加え、翻訳することで、環化前(非環状)ペプチド部位-mRNA複合体ディスプレイライブラリーを提供する工程
L) 環状部を形成し、その後脱硫させる工程
A) N-12-1、N-12-2、N-13-1またはN-14-1をアミノアシル化したpdCpA又はpCpAを提供する工程
B) 3'末端のCAを欠損する開始tRNAを提供する工程
C) 工程A)のpdCpA又はpCpAと工程B)の開始tRNAを連結させ、N-12-1、N-12-2、N-13-1またはN-14-1の開始アミノアシルtRNAを提供する工程、
D) 式(III)-3をアミノアシル化したpdCpA又はpCpAを提供する工程
E) 3'末端のCAを欠損するtRNAを提供する工程
F) 工程 D)のpdCpA又はpCpAと工程E)のtRNAを連結させ、式(III)-3のアミノアシルtRNAを提供する工程、
G) 工程C)の開始アミノアシルtRNAと工程F)のアミノアシルtRNAを含み、メチオニン、メチオニルtRNA合成酵素(MetRS)、メチオニン用翻訳開始tRNA、フォルミルドナー、メチオニルtRNAトランスフェラーゼのいずれかを含まない無細胞翻訳系を提供する工程、
H)プロモーターの下流に、工程C)の開始アミノアシルtRNAのアンチコドンに対応するコドンを1番目のコドンとしてATGを有し、さらにその下流に工程F)のアミノアシルtRNAのアンチコドンに対応するコドン、その3'側にプロリンもしくは他のARSの基質となるN-メチルアミノ酸のコドンを含むペプチド配列をコードする鋳型DNAライブラリーを提供する工程
I) 工程H)の鋳型DNAライブラリーからmRNAライブラリーを提供する工程
J) 工程I)のmRNAライブラリーの3'末端にリンカーを結合させる工程
K) 工程G)の無細胞翻訳系に工程J)のリンカーを結合したmRNAライブラリーを加え、翻訳することで、環化前(非環状)ペプチド部位-mRNA複合体ディスプレイライブラリーを提供する工程
L) 環状部を形成し、その後脱硫させる工程
アスパラギン酸型のチオエステルを翻訳にて導入する場合、C末端側アミノ酸残基直後のアミド結合とチオエステルが反応してアスパルチミドを形成する。そこで、アスパラギン酸型のチオエステルを翻訳にて導入する際に直後のアミノ酸残基をN-アルキル基を有するアミノ酸(例えばプロリン)にすることによって望みのチオエステルを含む全長ペプチドを翻訳合成することができる。
上記一般式(IA)および(IB)中、R1~R4、R12、およびSP-1は、一般式(I)のR1~R4、R12、およびSP-1と同意義であり、R30はHまたは水酸基を表す。R30として特に好ましくはOHである。
また、上記一般式(IIA)および(IIB)中、R1、R4、R11、およびSP-1は、一般式(II)のR1、R4、R11、およびSP-1と同意義であり、R30はHまたは水酸基を表す。R30として特に好ましくはOHである。
当該複合体は、第一の反応点を有する上記一般式(I)または一般式(II)で表されるアミノ酸残基をN末端に有し、かつその側鎖の1つに第二の反応点を有するアミノ酸残基をN末端から少なくとも4残基C末端側に有する非環状ペプチドをコードする核酸から翻訳して合成する工程を含む方法によって取得することができる。なお、上記式(I)中、R1~R4、R11、R12、およびSP-1は、本明細書に記載の定義に従う。
なお、実施例中では以下の略号を使用した。
DCM ジクロロメタン
DIPEA N,N-ジイソプロピルエチルアミン
DMF ジメチルホルムアミド
DMSO ジメチルスルホキシド
DTT ジチオスレイロール
FA ギ酸
TFA トリフルオロ酢酸
THF テトラヒドロフラン
TCEP トリス(2-カルボキシエチル)ホスフィン
NMP N-メチル‐2‐ピロリドン
DBU 1,8-ジアザビシクロ[5.4.0]-7-ウンデセン
Acbz 4-アジドベンジルオキシカルボニル基
o-Acbz 2-アジドベンジルオキシカルボニル基
Pen 4-ペンテノイル基
CH2CN シアノメチル基
1-1.Initiation suppression法によりN末端にシステインまたはシステイン類縁体を翻訳導入するためのpCpA-アミノ酸の合成
N末端にシステインまたはシステイン類縁体を有するペプチドをInitiation suppression法により翻訳合成するために、システインまたはシステイン類縁体のアミノアシル化pCpAを合成した。すなわち、以下のスキームに従い、アミノアシル化pCpA(nk-05、09、14、19、22)を合成した。
LCMS(ESI) m/z = 383 (M-H)-
保持時間:0.84分(分析条件SQDFA05)
LCMS(ESI) m/z = 422 (M-H)-
保持時間:0.90分(分析条件SQDFA05)
LCMS(ESI) m/z = 1087 (M-H)-
保持時間:0.62分(分析条件SQDFA05)
N,N,N-トリメチルヘキサデカン-1-アミニウム 塩化物(6,40g、20mmol)とイミダゾール(6.81g、100mmol)の水溶液に酢酸を添加し、pH8、20mM N,N,N-トリメチルヘキサデカン-1-アミニウム、100mMイミダゾールの緩衝液A(1L)を得た。
LCMS(ESI) m/z = 1019 (M+H)+
保持時間:0.54分(分析条件SQDFA05)
LCMS(ESI) m/z = 383 (M-H)-
保持時間:0.81分(分析条件SQDFA05)
LCMS(ESI) m/z = 422 (M-H)-
保持時間:0.90分(分析条件SQDFA05)
LCMS(ESI) m/z = 1087 (M-H)-
保持時間:0.59分(分析条件SQDFA05)
LCMS(ESI) m/z = 1019 (M+H)+
保持時間:0.55分(分析条件SQDFA05)
LCMS(ESI) m/z = 224 (M+H)+
保持時間:0.34分(分析条件SQDFA05)
LCMS(ESI) m/z = 397 (M-H)-
保持時間:0.87分(分析条件SQDFA05)
LCMS(ESI) m/z = 436 (M-H)-
保持時間:0.96分(分析条件SQDFA05)
LCMS(ESI) m/z = 1101 (M-H)-
保持時間:0.69分(分析条件SQDFA05)
LCMS(ESI) m/z = 1033 (M+H)+
保持時間:0.65分(分析条件SQDFA05)
LCMS(ESI) m/z = 224 (M+H)+
保持時間:0.38分(分析条件SQDFA05)
LCMS(ESI) m/z = 397 (M-H)-
保持時間:0.90分(分析条件SQDFA05)
LCMS(ESI) m/z = 436 (M-H)-
保持時間:0.96分(分析条件SQDFA05)
LCMS(ESI) m/z = 1101 (M-H)-
保持時間:0.69分(分析条件SQDFA05)
LCMS(ESI) m/z = 1033 (M+H)+
保持時間:0.62分(分析条件SQDFA05)
LCMS(ESI) m/z = 397 (M-H)-
保持時間:0.91分(分析条件SQDFA05)
LCMS(ESI) m/z = 438 (M+H)+
保持時間:1.00分(分析条件SQDFA05)
LCMS(ESI) m/z = 1033 (M+H)+
保持時間:0.60分(分析条件SQDFA05)
(2S)-2-(N-メチルペンタ-4-エンアミド)- 3-(1,3-チアゾール-4-イル)プロパン酸(化合物nk23、Pen-MeAla(4-Thz)-OH)の合成
得られた(2S)-2-(メチルアミノ)-3-(1,3-チアゾール-4-イル)プロパン酸を1,4-ジオキサン (40 ml)/水(40ml)に溶解させた後に、ペンタ-4-エン酸 2,5-ジオキソピロリジン-1-イル(3.200 g, 16.23 mmol)と、炭酸水素ナトリウム(1.80g、21.43mmol)を加え、反応液を30度で12時間撹拌した。反応が完結した後、反応液に水を加えて酢酸エチルで洗浄し、水層の液性がpH2になるまで1M硫酸水素ナトリウム水溶液を加えた。得られた混合物を酢酸エチルで抽出操作を行い有機層を飽和食塩水で洗浄した。有機層を無水硫酸ナトリウムで乾燥させ、ろ過後、減圧濃縮し、得られた残渣を順相シリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィー(ジクロロメタン/メタノール)にて精製し、(2S)-2-(N-メチルペンタ-4-エンアミド)- 3-(1,3-チアゾール-4-イル)プロパン酸(化合物nk23、Pen-MeAla(4-Thz)-OH)(0.60g、22%)を得た。
LCMS(ESI) m/z = 269 (M+H)+
保持時間:1.32分(分析条件SMD method1)
LCMS(ESI) m/z = 308 (M+H)+
保持時間:1.61分(分析条件SMD method1)
LCMS(ESI) m/z = 971 (M-H)-
保持時間:0.59分(分析条件SQDAA05)
LCMS(ESI) m/z = 903 (M+H)+
保持時間:0.37分(分析条件SQDFA05)
LCMS(ESI) m/z = 211 (M+H)+
保持時間:0.72分(分析条件SMDmethod3)
反応液を逆相シリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィー(0.05%トリフルオロ酢酸水溶液/0.05%トリフルオロ酢酸アセトニトリル)にて精製し、表題化合物(化合物nk28、Pen-MeGly-pCpA)(37.6mg、13%)を得た。
LCMS(ESI) m/z = 806 (M+H)+
保持時間:0.60分(分析条件SMD method2)
4-(メチルチオ)-4-オキソ-2-(ペンタ-4-エンアミド)ブタン酸 (2S)-(2R,3S,4R,5R)-2-((((((2R,3S,4R,5R)-5-(4-アミノ-2-オキソピリミジン-1(2H)-イル)-4-ヒドロキシ-2-((ホスホノオキシ)メチル)テトラヒドロフラン-3-イル)オキシ)(ヒドロキシ)ホスホリル)オキシ)メチル)-5-(6-アミノ-9H-プリン-9-イル)-4-ヒドロキシテトラヒドロフラン-3-イル(化合物nk30、Pen-AspSMe-pCpA)の合成
LCMS(ESI) m/z = 880.4 (M+H)+
保持時間:0.38分(分析条件SQDFA05)
2-1.転写によるtRNA(CA欠損)の合成
鋳型DNA(配列番号D-1)から、RiboMAX Large Scale RNA production System T7(Promega社,P1300)を用いたin vitro の転写により3'端のCAを欠くtRNAfMetCAU(-CA)(配列番号R-1)を合成し、RNeasy Mini kit(Qiagen社)により精製した。
tRNAfMetCAT(-CA) DNA配列:
GGCGTAATACGACTCACTATAGGCGGGGTGGAGCAGCCTGGTAGCTCGTCGGGCTCATAACCCGAAGATCGTCGGTTCAAATCCGGCCCCCGCAAC
tRNAfMetCAU(-CA) RNA配列:
GGCGGGGUGGAGCAGCCUGGUAGCUCGUCGGGCUCAUAACCCGAAGAUCGUCGGUUCAAAUCCGGCCCCCGCAAC
50μM 転写tRNAfMetCAU(-CA) (配列番号R-1)(20μl)に、10X ligation buffer (500 mM HEPES-KOH pH 7.5, 200 mM MgCl2)(4μl)、10mM ATP (4μl)、Nuclease free water (5.6μl)を加え、95℃で2分間加熱した後、室温で5分間放置し、tRNAのリフォールディングを行った。10unit/μl T4 RNAリガーゼ(New england bio lab.社)(2.4μL)および、5mMのアミノアシル化pCpA(nk-05、09、14、19、22)のDMSO溶液 (4μL)を加え、16℃で45分間ライゲーション反応を行った。アミノアシル化tRNA(化合物AAtR-1、2、3、4、5)は、フェノール・クロロホルム抽出した後、エタノール沈殿により回収した。アミノアシル化tRNA(化合物AAtR-1、2、3、4、5)は、翻訳混合物に添加する直前に1mM酢酸ナトリウムに溶解した。
以下の実験で示すとおり、アミノ基にAcbz基、チオール基にStBuをそれぞれ保護されたシステインまたはシステイン類縁体をN末端に翻訳導入することが可能であることが示された。すなわち、L-システインのみならず、D-システインや、LまたはD-Nメチルシステインを含むシステイン類縁体を、N末端に翻訳導入することが可能であることが示された。WO2013/100132A1において、アミノ基の保護基であるAcbz基はRNAが安定に存在できる反応条件下にて選択的に脱保護できることが示されており、アミド環化を有するペプチドライブラリーを効率的に合成するために必要な条件が満たされた。
Initiation suppression法を用いてN末端にシステインまたはシステイン類縁体が翻訳導入されているかを確かめるために、システインまたはシステイン類縁体がアミノアシル化されたtRNAfMetを無細胞翻訳系に加えて翻訳合成を行った。翻訳系は、大腸菌由来の再構成無細胞タンパク質合成系であるPURE systemを用いた。具体的には、無細胞翻訳液(1%(v/v)RNasein Ribonuclease inhibitor(Promega社,N2111),1mM GTP,1mM ATP,20mMクレアチンリン酸,50mM HEPES-KOH pH7.6,100mM 酢酸カリウム,6mM 酢酸マグネシウム,2mMスペルミジン,1mM ジチオスレイトール,1.5mg/ml E.coli MRE600(RNaseネガティブ)由来tRNA(Roche社),0.1mM 10-HCO-H4folate、4μg/ml クレアチンキナーゼ,3μg/ml ミオキナーゼ,2unit/ml 無機ピロフォスファターゼ,1.1μg/ml ヌクレオシド二リン酸キナーゼ,0.6μM メチオニルtRNAトランスフォルミラーゼ,0.26μM EF-G、0.24μM RF2、0.17μM RF3、0.5μM RRF,2.7μM IF1,0.4μM IF2,1.5μM IF3,40μM EF-Tu,44μM EF-Ts,1.2μM リボソーム,0.73μM AlaRS,0.03μM ArgRS,0.38μM AsnRS,0.13μM AspRS,0.02μM CysRS,0.06μM GlnRS,0.23μM GluRS,0.09μM GlyRS,0.02μM HisRS,0.4μM IleRS,0.04μM LeuRS,0.11μM LysRS,0.03μM MetRS,0.68μM PheRS,0.16μM ProRS,0.04μM SerRS,0.09μM ThrRS,0.03μM TrpRS,0.02μM TyrRS,0.02μM ValRS(自家調製タンパクは基本的にHisタグ付加タンパクとして調製した))に、1μM 鋳型mRNAと、Thr,Arg,Lys,Ala,Tyr,Trp,Ser,Leu,Pro,Glyの各アミノ酸をそれぞれ250μMずつ加え、さらに20μM 翻訳開始用のアミノアシルtRNAfMet(Acbz-Cys(StBu)-tRNAfMetCAU(化合物AAtR-1)、Acbz-D-Cys(StBu)-tRNAfMetCAU(化合物AAtR-2)、Acbz-MeCys(StBu)-tRNAfMetCAU(化合物AAtR-3)を翻訳液混合物に加えて、37℃で1時間静置した。
無細胞翻訳系にて翻訳合成されたペプチドを質量分析するために、MALDI-TOF MSを用いて実施した。具体的には、上述の無細胞翻訳系に1μM 鋳型mRNA(R-4)と各アミノ酸としてThr,Arg,Lys,Ala,Tyr,Trp,Ser,Leu,Pro,Gly(各々最終濃度250μM)を加えた溶液を調製し、20μM 翻訳開始用のアミノアシルtRNAfMet(Acbz-Cys(StBu)-tRNAfMetCAU(化合物AAtR-1)、Acbz-D-Cys(StBu)-tRNAfMetCAU(化合物AAtR-2)、Acbz-MeCys(StBu)-tRNAfMetCAU(化合物AAtR-3)。
WO2013/100132A1において、Acbz保護基はMALDI測定中または測定前処理の操作中において外れてしまうことが報告されている。そのため、Acbz-Cys(StBu)-tRNAfMetCAU(化合物AAtR-1)、Acbz-D-Cys(StBu)-tRNAfMetCAU(化合物AAtR-2)、Acbz-MeCys(StBu)-tRNAfMetCAU(化合物AAtR-3)、をそれぞれ用いた翻訳実験では、トリス(2-カルボキシエチル)ホスフィン(TCEP)による還元的条件によって脱保護を行った後に、MALDI-TOF MSによる質量分析を実施した。具体的には、得られた翻訳反応物に、pH 7.0トリス(2-カルボキシエチル)ホスフィン(TCEP)溶液(最終濃度20mM)を加えた後、37℃で1時間静置した。マトリックスとしてα-シアノ-4-ヒドロキシケイ皮酸(CHCA)を用いて、MALDI-TOF MSで翻訳産物を分析した。
その結果N末端にシステインまたはシステイン類縁体が導入されたペプチド(表2、ペプチド配列番号Pep-3,4,5)を示すMSがそれぞれ観測された。また副生成物として1文字目が読み飛ばされたペプチド(表2、ペプチド配列番号Pep-2)を示すMSが観測された。
また対照実験として翻訳開始用アミノアシルtRNAの代わりに250μM Metを加えたものと、翻訳開始用アミノアシルtRNAを加えないものをそれぞれ調製し、37℃で1時間静置した。翻訳反応物を、MALDI-TOF MSで分析した。MALDI-TOF MSにおけるマトリックスはα-シアノ-4-ヒドロキシケイ皮酸(CHCA)を用いた。翻訳開始用アミノアシルtRNAの代わりに250μM Metを用いた場合は、N末端がホルミルメチオニン(以下ホルミルメチオニンをfMetと略称する)から開始されたペプチド(表2、ペプチド配列番号Pep-1)を示すMSが観測された。また翻訳開始用アミノアシルtRNAを加えないものでは,initiation read-through(特許文献(WO2013/100132A1))により、1文字目が読み飛ばされたペプチド(表2、ペプチド配列番号Pep-2)を示すMSが観測された。
RNA配列:
GGGUUAACUUUAAGAAGGAGAUAUACAUAUGACUCGUACUAAGGCUUACUGGAGUCUUCCGGGUUAAGCUUCG
[Xaa]ThrArgThrLysAlaTyrTrpSerLeuProGly
N末端にシステインまたはシステイン類縁体が翻訳導入されたペプチドを検出するために、ラジオアイソトープでラベルしたアスパラギン酸を用いてペプチドの翻訳実験を行った。具体的には、上述の無細胞翻訳系に1μM 鋳型mRNA(R-4D)と各アミノ酸としてThr,Arg,Lys,Ala,Tyr,Trp,Ser,Leu,Pro,Gly(各々最終濃度250μM)、14C-アスパラギン酸(最終濃度37μM、Moravek Biochemicals社、MC139)を加えた溶液を調製し、20μM システインまたはシステイン類縁体がアミノアシル化されたtRNAfMet(Acbz-Cys(StBu)-tRNAfMetCAU(化合物AAtR-1)、Acbz-D-Cys(StBu)-tRNAfMetCAU(化合物AAtR-2)、Acbz-MeCys(StBu)-tRNAfMetCAU(化合物AAtR-3)を翻訳液混合物に加えて、37℃で1時間静置した。
また対照実験として翻訳開始用アミノアシルtRNAの代わりに250μM Metを加えたものと、翻訳開始用アミノアシルtRNAを加えないものをそれぞれ調製し、37℃で1時間静置した。
得られた翻訳反応溶液に対して等量の2Xサンプルバッファー(TEFCO社、catNo.06-323)を加え、95℃で3分間加熱後、電気泳動(16% Peptide-PAGE mini、TEFCO社、TB-162)を実施した。泳動後のゲルは、Clear Dry Quick Dry Starter KIT(TEFCO社、03-278)を用いて乾燥させ、イメージングプレート(GEヘルスケア社、28-9564-75)に24時間露光させ、バイオアナライザーシステム(Typhoon FLA 7000、GEヘルスケア社)で検出し、ImageQuantTL(GEヘルスケア社)で解析した。
N末端にAcbz-Cys(StBu)、Acbz-D-Cys(StBu)、Acbz-MeCys(StBu)それぞれ翻訳導入した場合においても目的物であるペプチド(ペプチド配列番号Pep-10、11、12、15)のバンドが主生成物としてそれぞれ観測された(図1において、対照実験であるホルミルメチオニンで開始されたペプチド(ペプチド配列番号Pep-8)の翻訳効率を100としたときの相対的な翻訳効率を示す)。また不純物として1文字目が読み飛ばされたペプチド(ペプチド配列番号Pep-9)を示すバンドが観測された。
RNA配列:
GGGUUAACUUUAAGAAGGAGAUAUACAUAUGACUCGUACUAAGGCUUACUGGAGUCUUCCGGGUGACGACGACUAAGCUUCG
[Xaa]ThrArgThrLysAlaTyrTrpSerLeuProGlyAspAspAsp
上記の通り、Initiation suppression法によるN末端にシステインまたはシステイン類縁体を翻訳合成する際に、2番目コドンにコードされるアミノ酸から開始して全長にわたって翻訳されたペプチドが副生成物として確認された。次に副生成物の生成を低減させて目的とするペプチドの翻訳効率を向上させるために、翻訳条件の最適化を行った。具体的には翻訳開始用アミノアシルtRNAの濃度条件(1,2,5,10,25μM)の検討を行い、目的とするペプチドと副生成物の生成比が最も良い翻訳条件を設定するに至った。
無細胞翻訳系にて翻訳合成されたペプチドを質量分析するために、MALDI-TOF MSを用いて実施した。具体的には、上述の無細胞翻訳系に1μM 鋳型mRNA(R-4)と各アミノ酸としてThr,Arg,Lys,Ala,Tyr,Trp,Ser,Leu,Pro,Gly(各々最終濃度250μM)を加えた溶液を調製し、さらに2または25μMN-メチルシステイン類縁体がアミノアシル化されたtRNAfMet(Acbz-MeCys(StBu)-tRNAfMetCAU(化合物AAtR-3)、Acbz-D-MeCys(StBu)-tRNAfMetCAU(化合物AAtR-4)、o-Acbz-MeCys(StBu)-tRNAfMetCAU(化合物AAtR-5))を翻訳液混合物に加えて、37℃で1時間静置した。
得られた翻訳反応物に、トリス(2-カルボキシエチル)ホスフィン(TCEP)(最終濃度20mM)を加えた後、37℃で1時間静置した。マトリックスとしてα-シアノ-4-ヒドロキシケイ皮酸(CHCA)を用いて、MALDI-TOF MSにより翻訳産物を分析した。
その結果Acbz-MeCys(StBu)-tRNAfMetCAU(化合物AAtR-3)、Acbz-D-MeCys(StBu)-tRNAfMetCAU(化合物AAtR-4)をそれぞれ25μM使用した場合、主生成物としてN末端にNMeシステインまたはNMe-D-システインが導入されたペプチド(表4 ペプチド配列番号Pep-5、6)を示すMSがそれぞれ観測された(図2-1,2-2)。またAcbz-MeCys(StBu)-tRNAfMetCAU(化合物AAtR-3)、Acbz-D-MeCys(StBu)-tRNAfMetCAU(化合物AAtR-4)をそれぞれ2μM使用した場合、主生成物として1文字目が読み飛ばされたペプチド(表2、ペプチド配列番号Pep-2)を示すMSが観測された(図2-1,2-2)。N末端にNMeシステインまたはNMe-D-システインが導入されたペプチド(表4 ペプチド配列番号Pep-5、6)を示すMSは観測されたものの、そのMS強度比は1文字目が読み飛ばされたペプチド(表1、ペプチド配列番号Pep-2)の1/10以下であった。
またo-Acbz-MeCys(StBu)-tRNAfMetCAU(化合物AAtR-5))を25μM用いた場合、主生成物としてN末端にNMeシステインが導入されたペプチド(表4 ペプチド配列番号Pep-5)を示すMSが観測された(図2-3)
N末端にシステインまたはシステイン類縁体が翻訳導入されたペプチドを検出するために、ラジオアイソトープでラベルしたアスパラギン酸を用いてペプチドの翻訳実験を行った。具体的には、上述の無細胞翻訳系に1μM 鋳型mRNA(R-4D)と各アミノ酸、Thr,Arg,Lys,Ala,Tyr,Trp,Ser,Leu,Pro,Gly(各々最終濃度250μM)、14C-アスパラギン酸(最終濃度37μM、Moravek Biochemicals社、MC139)を加えた溶液を調製し、さらにシステインまたはシステイン類縁体がアミノアシル化されたtRNAfMet(1,2,5,10,25μMの5条件を実施)を翻訳液混合物に加えて、37℃で1時間静置した。また対照実験として翻訳開始用アミノアシルtRNAの代わりに250μM Metを加えたものと、翻訳開始用アミノアシルtRNAを加えないものを調製し、37℃で1時間静置した。
得られた翻訳反応溶液に対して等量の2Xサンプルバッファー(TEFCO社、catNo.06-323)を加え、95℃で3分間加熱後、電気泳動(16% Peptide-PAGE mini、TEFCO社、TB-162)を実施した。泳動後のゲルは、Clear Dry Quick Dry Starter KIT(TEFCO社、03-278)を用いて乾燥させ、イメージングプレート(GEヘルスケア社、28-9564-75)に24時間露光させ、バイオアナライザーシステム(Typhoon FLA 7000、GEヘルスケア社)で検出し、ImageQuantTL(GEヘルスケア社)で解析した。
Acbz-MeCys(StBu)、Acbz-D-MeCys(StBu)それぞれの翻訳合成において、どちらの場合においてもアミノアシルtRNAの濃度が25μMのときに目的とするペプチドの翻訳効率が最も高く、さらに副生成物の翻訳効率が最も低いことが示された(図3-1)。具体的にはAcbz-MeCys(StBu)の場合、目的物であるペプチド(ペプチド配列番号Pep-12)と副生成物(ペプチド配列番号Pep-9)の生成比は96:33(対照実験であるホルミルメチオニンで開始されたペプチド(ペプチド配列番号Pep-8)の翻訳効率を100としたときの相対的な翻訳効率を示す)であった。またAcbz-D-MeCys(StBu)の場合、目的物であるペプチド(ペプチド配列番号Pep-13)と副生成物(ペプチド配列番号Pep-9)の生成比は56:22であった。さらに、o-Acbz-MeCys(StBu)の場合、目的物であるペプチド(ペプチド配列番号Pep-14)と副生成物(ペプチド配列番号Pep-9)の生成比は109:16であった(図3-2)。
以下の方法に従って、アミノ酸類縁体のアミノアシルtRNAの合成を行った。
4-1-1.転写によるtRNA(CA欠損)の合成
鋳型DNA(配列番号D-2)から、RiboMAX Large Scale RNA production System T7(Promega社,P1300)を用いたin vitro の転写により3'端のCAを欠くtRNAGluCUG(-CA)(配列番号R-2)を合成し、RNeasy Mini kit(Qiagen社)により精製した。
tRNAGluCTG(-CA) DNA配列:
GGCGTAATACGACTCACTATAGTCCCCTTCGTCTAGAGGCCCAGGACACCGCCCTCTGACGGCGGTAACAGGGGTTCGAATCCCCTAGGGGACGC
tRNAGluAAG(-CA) DNA配列:
GGCGTAATACGACTCACTATAGTCCCCTTCGTCTAGAGGCCCAGGACACCGCCCTAAGACGGCGGTAACAGGGGTTCGAATCCCCTAGGGGACGC
tRNAGluCUG(-CA) RNA配列:
GUCCCCUUCGUCUAGAGGCCCAGGACACCGCCCUCUGACGGCGGUAACAGGGGUUCGAAUCCCCUAGGGGACGC
tRNAGluAAG(-CA) RNA配列:
GUCCCCUUCGUCUAGAGGCCCAGGACACCGCCCUAAGACGGCGGUAACAGGGGUUCGAAUCCCCUAGGGGACGC
50μM 転写tRNAGluCUG(-CA) (配列番号R-2)またはtRNAGluAAG(-CA) (配列番号R-3)(20μl)に、10X ligation buffer (500 mM HEPES-KOH pH 7.5, 200 mM MgCl2)(4μl)、10mM ATP (4μl)、Nuclease free water (5.6μl)を加え、95℃で2分間加熱した後、室温で5分間放置し、tRNAのリフォールディングを行った。10unit/μl T4 RNAリガーゼ(New england bio lab.社)(2.4μL)および、5mMのアミノアシル化pCpA(nk-026、28、30)のDMSO溶液 (4μL)を加え、16℃で45分間ライゲーション反応を行った。ライゲーション反応液40μLに、3M酢酸ナトリウム溶液(4μL)62.5mM ヨウ素(水:THF=1:1溶液)44μLを加え、室温で1時間、脱保護を行った。アミノアシル化tRNA(化合物AAtR-7、8、9)は、フェノール・クロロホルム抽出した後、エタノール沈殿により回収した。アミノアシル化tRNA(化合物AAtR-7、8、9)は、翻訳混合物に添加する直前に1mM酢酸ナトリウムに溶解した。
MeAla(4-Thz)-tRNAGluCUG
化合物AAtR-8
MeGly-tRNAGluCUG(配列番号:10)
化合物AAtR-9(配列番号:11)
AspSMe-tRNAGluAAG
次に翻訳の開始方法によって、翻訳の伸長反応におけるアミノ酸類縁体の翻訳効率と生成物の純度がどのように影響されるかを確認するための実験を実施した。具体的には、Initiation suppression法とInitiation read-through法の翻訳の開始方法をそれぞれ用いて、アミノ酸類縁体を複数含む同じペプチド化合物(ペプチド配列番号Pep-17)を翻訳合成を実施した。生成物を含む翻訳液のMS分析を行い、同じペプチド化合物である目的物のMS強度を比較し翻訳効率の比較を行った。また生成物の純度を確認するために生成物に含まれる切断ペプチドのMS強度を比較した。
Initiation read-through法を用いてN末端にCysを翻訳導入したペプチドを翻訳合成した後に、MALDI-TOF MSを用いて翻訳合成から得られたペプチドの純度を確認した。
翻訳系は、大腸菌由来の再構成無細胞タンパク質合成系であるPURE systemを用いた。具体的には、無細胞翻訳液(1%(v/v)RNasein Ribonuclease inhibitor(Promega社,N2111),1mM GTP,1mM ATP,20mMクレアチンリン酸,50mM HEPES-KOH pH7.6,100mM 酢酸カリウム,6mM 酢酸マグネシウム,2mMスペルミジン,1mM ジチオスレイトール,1.5mg/ml E.coli MRE600(RNaseネガティブ)由来tRNA(Roche社),0.1mM 10-HCO-H4folate、4μg/ml クレアチンキナーゼ,3μg/ml ミオキナーゼ,2unit/ml 無機ピロフォスファターゼ,1.1μg/ml ヌクレオシド二リン酸キナーゼ,0.6μM メチオニルtRNAトランスフォルミラーゼ,0.26μM EF-G、0.24μM RF2、0.17μM RF3、0.5μM RRF,2.7μM IF1,0.4μM IF2,1.5μM IF3,40μM EF-Tu,44μM EF-Ts,1.2μM リボソーム,0.73μM AlaRS,0.03μM ArgRS,0.38μM AsnRS,0.13μM AspRS,0.02μM CysRS,0.06μM GlnRS,0.23μM GluRS,0.09μM GlyRS,0.02μM HisRS,0.4μM IleRS,0.04μM LeuRS,0.11μM LysRS,0.03μM MetRS,0.68μM PheRS,0.16μM ProRS,0.04μM SerRS,0.09μM ThrRS,0.03μM TrpRS,0.02μM TyrRS,0.02μM ValRS(自家調製タンパクは基本的にHisタグ付加タンパクとして調製した))に、1μM 鋳型mRNA(R-5-2 (配列番号17))と、各アミノ酸Ala,Arg,Cys,Gly,His,Ile,Lys,Pro,Ser,Thr,Trp,Val,3-フルオローL-チロシン(Tyr(3-F))をそれぞれ250μMずつ加え、N-メチルフェニルアラニン(MePhe)を5mM加え、さらに20μM MeAla(4-Thz)-tRNAGluCUG(化合物AAtR-7)を翻訳液混合物に加えて、37℃で1時間静置した。
得られた翻訳反応物を、マトリックスとしてα-シアノ-4-ヒドロキシケイ皮酸(CHCA)を用いて、MALDI-TOF MSで翻訳産物を分析した。その結果、N末端にCysが導入された目的物(ペプチド配列番号Pep-17)のMSが観測されたものの、2種類の切断ペプチド(ペプチド配列番号Pep-19、21)のMSも観測された(図4)。またそれぞれのペプチドのMS強度比は、目的物(ペプチド配列番号 Pep-17):切断ペプチド(ペプチド配列番号 Pep-19):切断ペプチド(ペプチド配列番号 Pep-21)=1:1:1であった。
RNA配列:
GGGUUAACUUUAAGAAGGAGAUAUACAUAUGUGCAGUUUUCCGAGUCAGAUUGUUUACACUGGUCGUCCGUAAGCUUCG
翻訳系は、大腸菌由来の再構成無細胞タンパク質合成系であるPURE systemを用いた。具体的には、無細胞翻訳液(1%(v/v)RNasein Ribonuclease inhibitor(Promega社,N2111),1mM GTP,1mM ATP,20mMクレアチンリン酸,50mM HEPES-KOH pH7.6,100mM 酢酸カリウム,6mM 酢酸マグネシウム,2mMスペルミジン,1mM ジチオスレイトール,1.5mg/ml E.coli MRE600(RNaseネガティブ)由来tRNA(Roche社),0.1mM 10-HCO-H4folate、4μg/ml クレアチンキナーゼ,3μg/ml ミオキナーゼ,2unit/ml 無機ピロフォスファターゼ,1.1μg/ml ヌクレオシド二リン酸キナーゼ,0.6μM メチオニルtRNAトランスフォルミラーゼ,0.26μM EF-G、0.24μM RF2、0.17μM RF3、0.5μM RRF,2.7μM IF1,0.4μM IF2,1.5μM IF3,40μM EF-Tu,44μM EF-Ts,1.2μM リボソーム,0.73μM AlaRS,0.03μM ArgRS,0.38μM AsnRS,0.13μM AspRS,0.02μM CysRS,0.06μM GlnRS,0.23μM GluRS,0.09μM GlyRS,0.02μM HisRS,0.4μM IleRS,0.04μM LeuRS,0.11μM LysRS,0.03μM MetRS,0.68μM PheRS,0.16μM ProRS,0.04μM SerRS,0.09μM ThrRS,0.03μM TrpRS,0.02μM TyrRS,0.02μM ValRS(自家調製タンパクは基本的にHisタグ付加タンパクとして調製した))に、1μM 鋳型mRNA(R-5-1 (配列番号12))と、各アミノ酸Ala,Arg,Cys,Gly,His,Ile,Lys,Pro,Ser,Thr,Trp,Val,3-フルオローL-チロシン(Tyr(3-F))をそれぞれ250μMずつ加え、N-メチルフェニルアラニン(MePhe)を5mM加え、さらに20μM Acbz-Cys(StBu)-tRNAfMetCAU(化合物AAtR-1)と20μM MeAla(4-Thz)-tRNAGluCUG(化合物AAtR-7)を翻訳液混合物に加えて、37℃で1時間静置した。
得られた翻訳反応物に、トリス(2-カルボキシエチル)ホスフィン(TCEP)(最終濃度20mM)を加えた後、37℃で1時間静置した。マトリックスとしてα-シアノ-4-ヒドロキシケイ皮酸(CHCA)を用いて、MALDI-TOF MSで翻訳産物を分析した。
その結果、N末端にCysが導入された目的物(ペプチド配列番号Pep-17)のMSがメインピークとして観測され、initiation read-through法と比べて28倍のMS強度であった(図4)
また4種類の切断ペプチド(ペプチド配列番号Pep-18、19、20、21)のMSは観測されたものの、目的物(ペプチド配列番号Pep-17)のMS強度と比べてそれぞれ1/20以下のMS強度であった。
RNA配列:
GGGUUAACUUUAAGAAGGAGAUAUACAUAUGAGUUUUCCGAGUCAGAUUGUUUACACUGGUCGUCCGUAAGCUUCG
以上の観測された現象が他のペプチドを翻訳合成する際にも観測されるかを確認するために実施した実験を次に記す。対照実験としてAcbz-Cys(StBu)-tRNAfMetCAU(化合物AAtR-1)の代わりに250μM Metを加えて、N末端がfMetで開始されたペプチドの翻訳合成を実施した。翻訳合成に使用した鋳型mRNA配列を以下の表8に記した。
翻訳系は、大腸菌由来の再構成無細胞タンパク質合成系であるPURE systemを用いた。具体的には、無細胞翻訳液(1%(v/v)RNasein Ribonuclease inhibitor(Promega社,N2111),1mM GTP,1mM ATP,20mMクレアチンリン酸,50mM HEPES-KOH pH7.6,100mM 酢酸カリウム,6mM 酢酸マグネシウム,2mMスペルミジン,1mM ジチオスレイトール,1.5mg/ml E.coli MRE600(RNaseネガティブ)由来tRNA(Roche社),0.1mM 10-HCO-H4folate、4μg/ml クレアチンキナーゼ,3μg/ml ミオキナーゼ,2unit/ml 無機ピロフォスファターゼ,1.1μg/ml ヌクレオシド二リン酸キナーゼ,0.6μM メチオニルtRNAトランスフォルミラーゼ,0.26μM EF-G、0.24μM RF2、0.17μM RF3、0.5μM RRF,2.7μM IF1,0.4μM IF2,1.5μM IF3,40μM EF-Tu,44μM EF-Ts,1.2μM リボソーム,0.73μM AlaRS,0.03μM ArgRS,0.38μM AsnRS,0.13μM AspRS,0.02μM CysRS,0.06μM GlnRS,0.23μM GluRS,0.09μM GlyRS,0.02μM HisRS,0.4μM IleRS,0.04μM LeuRS,0.11μM LysRS,0.03μM MetRS,0.68μM PheRS,0.16μM ProRS,0.04μM SerRS,0.09μM ThrRS,0.03μM TrpRS,0.02μM TyrRS,0.02μM ValRS(自家調製タンパクは基本的にHisタグ付加タンパクとして調製した))に、1μM 鋳型mRNA(R-6-2 (配列番号18)、R-7-2 (配列番号19)、R-8-2 (配列番号20)、R-9-2 (配列番号21)、R-5-2 (配列番号17))と、各アミノ酸Arg,Cys,Gly,His,Ile,Lys,Pro,Ser,Thr,Trp,Val,3-フルオローL-チロシン(Tyr(3-F))をそれぞれ250μMずつ加え、N-メチルフェニルアラニン(MePhe)、N-メチルアラニン(MeAla)をそれぞれ5mM加え、さらに20μM MeGly-tRNAGluCUG(化合物AAtR-8)(配列番号:10)を翻訳液混合物に加えて、37℃で1時間静置した。
得られた翻訳反応物を、マトリックスとしてα-シアノ-4-ヒドロキシケイ皮酸(CHCA)を用いて、MALDI-TOF MSで翻訳産物を分析した。翻訳合成に使用した鋳型mRNA配列番号と翻訳合成された目的物と切断ペプチドのMS理論値、MALDI-TOF MSの実測値を示す表9~13に記した。また、翻訳合成された目的物と切断ペプチドのMS強度を図5に記した。図5における切断ペプチドのMS強度を示すグラフにおいて、複数の切断ペプチドが観測された場合はそれぞれの切断ペプチドのMS強度の合計値を表している。
Initiation suppression法を用いてN末端にAcbz-Cys(StBu)を翻訳導入したペプチドを翻訳合成し、その後にトリス(2-カルボキシエチル)ホスフィン(TCEP)によってAcbzを脱保護を行った。得られた反応混合物をMALDIによる質量分析を実施し、翻訳合成によって得られるペプチドの純度を確認した。
翻訳系は、大腸菌由来の再構成無細胞タンパク質合成系であるPURE systemを用いた。具体的には、無細胞翻訳液(1%(v/v)RNasein Ribonuclease inhibitor(Promega社,N2111),1mM GTP,1mM ATP,20mMクレアチンリン酸,50mM HEPES-KOH pH7.6,100mM 酢酸カリウム,6mM 酢酸マグネシウム,2mMスペルミジン,1mM ジチオスレイトール,1.5mg/ml E.coli MRE600(RNaseネガティブ)由来tRNA(Roche社),0.1mM 10-HCO-H4folate、4μg/ml クレアチンキナーゼ,3μg/ml ミオキナーゼ,2unit/ml 無機ピロフォスファターゼ,1.1μg/ml ヌクレオシド二リン酸キナーゼ,0.6μM メチオニルtRNAトランスフォルミラーゼ,0.26μM EF-G、0.24μM RF2、0.17μM RF3、0.5μM RRF,2.7μM IF1,0.4μM IF2,1.5μM IF3,40μM EF-Tu,44μM EF-Ts,1.2μM リボソーム,0.73μM AlaRS,0.03μM ArgRS,0.38μM AsnRS,0.13μM AspRS,0.02μM CysRS,0.06μM GlnRS,0.23μM GluRS,0.09μM GlyRS,0.02μM HisRS,0.4μM IleRS,0.04μM LeuRS,0.11μM LysRS,0.03μM MetRS,0.68μM PheRS,0.16μM ProRS,0.04μM SerRS,0.09μM ThrRS,0.03μM TrpRS,0.02μM TyrRS,0.02μM ValRS(自家調製タンパクは基本的にHisタグ付加タンパクとして調製した))に、1μM 鋳型mRNA(R-6-1 (配列番号18)、R-7-1 (配列番号19)、R-8-1 (配列番号20)、R-9-1 (配列番号21)、R-5-1 (配列番号17))と、各アミノ酸Arg,Cys,Gly,His,Ile,Lys,Pro,Ser,Thr,Trp,Val,3-フルオローL-チロシン(Tyr(3-F))をそれぞれ250μMずつ加え、N-メチルフェニルアラニン(MePhe)、N-メチルアラニン(MeAla)をそれぞれ5mM加え、さらに20μM MeGly-tRNAGluCUG(化合物AAtR-8)(配列番号:10)、20μM Acbz-Cys(StBu)-tRNAfMetCAU(化合物AAtR-1)を翻訳液混合物に加えて、37℃で1時間静置した。
得られた翻訳反応物を、マトリックスとしてα-シアノ-4-ヒドロキシケイ皮酸(CHCA)を用いて、MALDI-TOF MSで翻訳産物を分析した。翻訳合成に使用した鋳型mRNA配列番号と翻訳合成された目的物と切断ペプチドのMS理論値、MALDI-TOF MSの実測値を示す表14~18に記した。また、翻訳合成された目的物と切断ペプチドのMS強度を図5に記した。図5における切断ペプチドのMS強度を示すグラフにおいて、複数の切断ペプチドが観測された場合はそれぞれの切断ペプチドのMS強度の合計値を表している。
5―1. N末端に保護基を持つNMeシステインを有し、C末端側のアミノ酸の側鎖に活性エステルを持つペプチドの翻訳合成と、翻訳合成したペプチドの保護基を脱保護した後にネイティブケミカルライゲーションと脱硫反応によるアミド環化ペプチドの合成
以下の反応式に示すようにInitiation suppression法を用いてN末端にAcbz-MeCys(StBu)を持つペプチドを翻訳合成し、その後にトリス(2-カルボキシエチル)ホスフィン(TCEP)によってAcbzを脱保護とネイティブケミカルライゲーションと脱硫反応によるアミド環化ペプチドの合成を実施した。具体的には、MeCysを基質とするネイティブケミカルライゲーションはチオエステル交換から生成するチオラクトン体と、その後のS-N交換から生成するNCLアミド体との間で平衡が存在し、2つの混合物が得られる。その混合物を脱硫反応に付し、NCLアミド体を脱硫させることによって平衡を偏らせて反応を進行させ目的の環状ペプチドが得られた。よって翻訳合成から得られたペプチドから連続的に変換し、目的とするアミド環化ペプチドを合成することのできる反応条件の設定に至った。
得られた反応混合物をMALDIによる質量分析を実施し、それぞれの反応が進行し目的のアミド環化ペプチドが得られたことを確認した。翻訳合成に使用した鋳型mRNA配列を以下の表19に記した。
次に翻訳反応液(8μL)に、150mM TCEP環化反応試薬溶液(2μL)を混合し、37℃で1時間静置した。Acbzの脱保護反応とネイティブケミカルライゲーションによる環化反応が進行していることを、MALDI-TOF MSにより確認した(図6)。MALDI-TOF MSの分析には反応液を1μLサンプリングしSPE C-TIP(日京テクノス社)で精製し、マトリックスとしてα-シアノ-4-ヒドロキシケイ皮酸(CHCA)を用いて実施した。また、150mM TCEP環化反応試薬溶液は、pH 7.0TCEP溶液(500mM,12μL)、pH8.3 Tris溶液(2M,3μL)、pH8.0 EDTA溶液(500mM、nacalai社 製品番号14362-24、5μL)、水酸化カリウム水溶液(200mM、20μL)を混合し調製した。
さらに、環化反応液(7μL)に、pH 7.0TCEP溶液(500mM,7μL)、グルタチオン(GSH)溶液(250mM,1μL)を加え、42℃で1分間静置し、続いて2,2'-アゾビス[2-(2-イミダゾリン-2-イル)プロパン]二塩酸塩(VA-044)溶液(1M、4μL)、水酸化カリウム水溶液(1M、1μL)を混合し42℃で2時間静置した。
脱硫反応が進行していることを、MALDI-TOF MSにより確認した(図6)。MALDI-TOF MSの分析には、反応液を1μLサンプリングしSPE C-TIP(日京テクノス社)で精製し、マトリックスとしてα-シアノ-4-ヒドロキシケイ皮酸(CHCA)を用いて実施した。
[MeCys*]Ser[MePhe][MePhe]ValGlnSer[Tyr(3-F)]SerAsp*ProArg(2つの*部位にて環化)(Pep-43とPep-44の混合物)
Pep-43
Pep-44
m/z=1477.5 (M+H)+ Calc.1476.7
[MeAla*]Ser[MePhe][MePhe]ValGlnSer[Tyr(3-F)]SerAsp*ProArg(2つの*部位にて環化)(Pep-45)
Pep-45
m/z=1445.5 (M+H)+ Calc.1444.7
[MeCys*]Ser[MePhe]ValGlnIle[MePhe]SerValAsp*ProArg(2つの*部位にて環化)(Pep-46とPep-47)
Pep-46
Pep-47
m/z=1421.5 (M+H)+ Calc.1420.7
[MeAla*]Ser[MePhe]ValGlnIle[MePhe]SerValAsp*ProArg(2つの*部位にて環化)(Pep-48)
Pep-48
m/z=1389.6 (M+H)+ Calc.1388.7
[MeCys*]ThrThrPro[MePhe]GlyGlnSer[Tyr(3-F)]IleValAsp*ProArg(2つの*部位にて環化)(Pep-49とPep-50)
Pep-49
Pep-50
m/z=1611.4 (M+H)+ Calc.1610.8
[MeAla*]ThrThrPro[MePhe]GlyGlnSer[Tyr(3-F)]IleValAsp*ProArg(2つの*部位にて環化)(Pep-51)
Pep-51
m/z=1579.5 (M+H)+ Calc.1578.8
[MeCys*][MePhe]ValThrGlnAlaThr[Tyr(3-F)]GlyIleAsp*ProArg(2つの*部位にて環化)(Pep-52とPep-53)
Pep-52
Pep-53
m/z=1498.4 (M+H)+ Calc.1497.7
[MeAla*][MePhe]ValThrGlnAlaThr[Tyr(3-F)]GlyIleAsp*ProArg(2つの*部位にて環化)(Pep-54)
Pep-54
m/z=1466.5 (M+H)+ Calc.1465.7
[MeCys*]Ser[MePhe]ProSerGlnIleVal[Tyr(3-F)]ThrAsp*ProArg(2つの*部位にて環化)(Pep-55とPep-56)
Pep-55
Pep-56
m/z=1540.4 (M+H)+ Calc.1539.7
[MeAla*]Ser[MePhe]ProSerGlnIleVal[Tyr(3-F)]ThrAsp*ProArg(2つの*部位にて環化)(Pep-57)
m/z=1508.4 (M+H)+ Calc.1507.7
[MeCys*][MePhe][Tyr(3-F)]Trp[MePhe]ProGln[MePhe]LysTrpAsp*ProArg[Tyr(3-F)](2つの*部位にて環化)(Pep-58とPep-59)
Pep-58
Pep-59
m/z=2056.4 (M+H)+ Calc.2055.9
[MeAla*][MePhe][Tyr(3-F)]Trp[MePhe]ProGln[MePhe]LysTrpAsp*ProArg[Tyr(3-F)](2つの*部位にて環化)(Pep-60)
Pep-60
m/z=2024.7 (M+H)+ Calc.2024.0
翻訳合成から得られたペプチドから連続的に変換し目的とするアミド環化ペプチドを合成することのできるそれぞれの反応条件下において、RNAが安定であることを確認する実験を行った。
6-1. 翻訳後修飾条件下における安定性を評価するためのmRNA-ピューロマイシンリンカーライゲーション産物の調製
文献記載(特許文献 WO2013/100132)の方法により調製したDNAライブラリー(配列番号 D-16)を鋳型に、T7 RiboMAXTM Express Large Scale RNA Production System(Promega社、P1320)を用いたin vitro転写によりmRNA(配列番号R-16)を調製し、RNeasy MinElute kit (Qiagen社)を用いて精製した。
6μM mRNA(配列番号R-16)を、9μMのピューロマイシンリンカー (Sigma社)(配列番号C-1)、 1X T4 RNAライゲースリアクションバッファー(New england bio lab.社)、1mM ATP、10% DMSO、0.625unit/μl T4 RNAライゲース(New england bio lab.社)の条件で、37℃で30分間ライゲーション反応させた後、RNeasy MinElute kit (Qiagen社)により精製しmRNA-ピューロマイシンリンカーライゲーション産物(配列番号R-17)を得た。
GTAATACGACTCACTATAGGGTTAACTTTAAGAAGGAGATATACATATGTGC(NNN)9TAGCCGACCGGCACCGGCACCGGCGATAGGGCGGCGGGGACAAA
配列中に(NNN)と示した箇所は、TTT, TTG, CTA, ATT, GTT, CCG, ACT, GCT, TAC, CAT, CAG, GAA, TGG, CGG, AGT, AGG, GGTがランダムに出現することを意味する。また、(NNN)9は任意のNNN が9回結合していることを意味しており(ATT)9のみを意味するのでなく、例えば17種類から選択すると179の多様性が生じることを模式的に示したものである。
GGGUUAACUUUAAGAAGGAGAUAUACAUAUGUGC(PPP)9UAGCCGACCGGCACCGGCACCGGCGAUAGGGCGGCGGGGACAAA
配列中に(PPP)と示した箇所は、UUU, UUG, CUA, AUU, GUU, CCG, ACU, GCU, UAC, CAU, CAG, GAA, UGG, CGG, AGU, AGG, GGUがランダムに出現することを意味する。また、(PPP)9は任意のPPP が9回結合していることを意味しており(AUU)9のみを意味するのでなく、例えば17種類から選択すると179の多様性が生じることを模式的に示したものである。
[P]CCCGTCCCCGCCGCCCT[Spacer18][Spacer18][Spacer18][Spacer18][Spacer18]CC[Puromycin] ([P]:5'リン酸化)
詳細な部分構造は以下の通りである。
mRNA-ピューロマイシンリンカーライゲーション産物(配列番号R-17)(配列番号:31)
GGGUUAACUUUAAGAAGGAGAUAUACAUAUGUGC(PPP)9UAGCCGACCGGCACCGGCACCGGCGAUAGGGCGGCGGGGACAAACCCGTCCCCGCCGCCCT[Spacer18][Spacer18][Spacer18][Spacer18][Spacer18]CC[Puromycin]
前述したAcbz基の脱保護反応とネイティブケミカルライゲーションによるアミド環化反応、その後の脱硫反応という一連の反応条件においてRNAが安定に存在するかを確認した。すなわち、mRNA-ピューロマイシンリンカーライゲーション産物(配列番号R-17)を一連の反応条件に付した後、ゲル電気泳動による解析を行った。
その後RNeasy MinElute kit (Qiagen社)を用いて精製し、mRNA-ピューロマイシンリンカーライゲーション産物の溶液を得た後、電気泳動による解析を行った。(図7、レーン1)。
さらに標準溶液として、反応条件に付していない0.5μM mRNA-ピューロマイシンリンカーライゲーション産物(配列番号R-17)溶液を泳動比較に用いることにした(図7,レーン3)。またマーカーとしてTrackIt 10 bp ladder (Life Technologies社, 製品番号10488-019)を用いた(図7,レーン4)。
2-(tert-ブチルジスルファニル)エタン-1-アミン 塩酸塩(化合物nk31)の合成
LCMS(ESI) m/z = 166 (M+H)+
保持時間:0.36分(分析条件SQDFA05)
窒素雰囲気下、得られた濃縮残渣と炭酸(4-ニトロフェニル)4-アジドベンジル(62.9mg、0.20mmol)の混合物に室温にてDMF(0.40mL)を添加した。混合物を氷浴で冷却後、トリエチルアミン(84μL、0.60mmol)を添加した。反応混合物を25℃で3日撹拌後、逆相シリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィー(0.1%ギ酸水溶液/0.1%ギ酸アセトニトリル溶液)にて精製し、N-(((4-アジドベンジル)オキシ)カルボニル)-N-(2-(tert-ブチルジスルファニル)エチル)グリシン(化合物nk32)(53.9mg、68%)を得た。
LCMS(ESI) m/z = 397 (M-H)-
保持時間:0.90分(分析条件SQDFA05)
LCMS(ESI) m/z = 438 (M+H)+
保持時間:0.99分(分析条件SQDFA05)
LCMS(ESI) m/z = 1033 (M+H)+
保持時間:0.61分(分析条件SQDFA05)
窒素雰囲気下、得られた濃縮残渣と炭酸(4-ニトロフェニル)4-アジドベンジル(62.9mg、0.20mmol)の混合物に室温にてDMF(0.4mL)を添加した。混合物を氷浴で冷却後、トリエチルアミン(139μL、1.00mmol)を添加した。反応混合物を35℃で1日撹拌後、逆相シリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィー(0.1%ギ酸水溶液/0.1%ギ酸アセトニトリル溶液)にて精製し、3-((((4-アジドベンジル)オキシ)カルボニル)(2-(tert-ブチルジスルファニル)エチル)アミノ)プロパン酸(化合物nk35)(47.5mg、58%)を得た。
LCMS(ESI) m/z = 411 (M-H)-
保持時間:0.91分(分析条件SQDFA05)
LCMS(ESI) m/z = 452 (M+H)+
保持時間:1.00分(分析条件SQDFA05)
LCMS(ESI) m/z = 1047.5 (M+H)+
保持時間:0.63分(分析条件SQDFA05)
LCMS(ESI) m/z = 334 (M+H)+
保持時間:0.87分(分析条件SQDFA05)
LCMS(ESI) m/z = 322 (M-H)-
保持時間:0.79分(分析条件SQDFA05)
窒素雰囲気下、得られた濃縮残渣と炭酸(4-ニトロフェニル)4-アジドベンジル(29.2mg、0.093mmol)の混合物に室温にてDMF(0.93mL)を添加した。混合物を氷浴で冷却後、トリエチルアミン(32μL、0.233mmol)を添加した。反応混合物を30℃で3日撹拌後、逆相シリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィー(0.1%ギ酸水溶液/0.1%ギ酸アセトニトリル溶液)にて精製し、(R)-3-((((4-アジドベンジル)オキシ)カルボニル)アミノ)-4-(tert-ブチルジスルファニル)ブタン酸(化合物nk40)(18.8mg、51%)を得た。
LCMS(ESI) m/z = 397 (M-H)-
保持時間:0.84分(分析条件SQDFA05)
LCMS(ESI) m/z = 436 (M-H)-
保持時間:0.93分(分析条件SQDFA05)
LCMS(ESI) m/z = 1033.6 (M+H)+
保持時間:0.58分(分析条件SQDFA05)
反応液を減圧濃縮し、逆相シリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィー(0.1%ギ酸水溶液/0.1%ギ酸アセトニトリル溶液)にて精製し、(2S,4R)-1-(((9H-フルオレン-9-イル)メトキシ)カルボニル)-4-(メチルジスルファニル)ピロリジン-2-カルボン酸 (化合物nk43)(77.8mg、95%)を得た。
LCMS(ESI) m/z = 416 (M+H)+
保持時間:0.87分(分析条件SQDFA05)
LCMS(ESI) m/z = 194 (M+H)+
保持時間:0.25分(分析条件SQDFA05)
LCMS(ESI) m/z = 367 (M-H)-
保持時間:0.77分(分析条件SQDFA05)
LCMS(ESI) m/z = 408 (M+H)+
保持時間:0.88分(分析条件SQDFA05)
LCMS(ESI) m/z = 1001 (M-H)-
保持時間:0.53分(分析条件SQDFA05)
得られた濃縮残渣をアセトニトリル(1.6mL)に溶かし、N,N-ジイソプロピルエチルアミン(0.14mL、0.80mmol)を添加した。混合物を-20度に冷却後にクロロぎ酸クロロメチル(51.6mg、0.400mmol)を加えた。反応混合物を0度で30分撹拌した後、水(7.2μL、0.40mmol)を加えて反応混合物を室温で10分撹拌した後に反応液を減圧濃縮した。得られた濃縮残渣をアセトニトリル(1.6mL)に溶かし、テトラブチルアンモニウムアジド(569mg、2.00mmol)を添加した。反応混合物を室温で3日撹拌後、逆相シリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィー(0.05%トリフルオロ酢酸水溶液/0.05%トリフルオロ酢酸アセトニトリル溶液)にて精製し、4-(((アジドメトキシ)カルボニル)(2-(tert-ブチルジスルファニル)エチル)アミノ)ブタン酸メチル(化合物nk50)(89.7mg、62%)を得た。
LCMS(ESI) m/z = 365 (M+H)+
保持時間:0.92分(分析条件SQDFA05)
LCMS(ESI) m/z = 349 (M-H)-
保持時間:0.78分(分析条件SQDFA05)
LCMS(ESI) m/z = 390 (M+H)+
保持時間:0.89分(分析条件SQDFA05)
(2R,3S,4R,5R)-2-((((((2R,3S,4R,5R)-5-(4-アミノ-2-オキソピリミジン-1(2H)-イル)-4-ヒドロキシ-2-((ホスホノオキシ)メチル)テトラヒドロフラン-3-イル)オキシ)(ヒドロキシ)ホスホリル)オキシ)メチル)-5-(6-アミノ-9H-プリン-9-イル)-4-ヒドロキシテトラヒドロフラン-3-イル(化合物nk53)の合成
LCMS(ESI) m/z = 985.5 (M+H)+
保持時間:0.54分(分析条件SQDFA05)
8-1. アミノ酸類縁体をN末端に導入するためのアミノアシルtRNA合成
50μM 転写tRNAfMetCAU(-CA) (配列番号R-1)(20μl)に、10X ligation buffer (500 mM HEPES-KOH pH 7.5, 200 mM MgCl2)(4μl)、10mM ATP (4μl)、Nuclease free water (5.6μl)を加え、95℃で2分間加熱した後、室温で5分間放置し、tRNAのリフォールディングを行った。10unit/μl T4 RNAリガーゼ(New england bio lab.社)(2.4μL)および、5mMのアミノアシル化pCpA(nk-34、37、42、47、53)のDMSO溶液 (4μL)を加え、16℃で45分間ライゲーション反応を行った。アミノアシル化tRNA(化合物AAtR-10、11、12、13、14)は、フェノール・クロロホルム抽出した後、エタノール沈殿により回収した。アミノアシル化tRNA(化合物AAtR-10、11、12、13)は、翻訳混合物に添加する直前に1mM酢酸ナトリウムに溶解した。
9-1. Initiation suppression法を用いてN末端にアミノ基とチオール基にそれぞれ保護基を持つアミノ酸を有するペプチドの翻訳合成
上記3-2と同様に、Initiation suppression法を用いて、アミノ基とチオール基にそれぞれ保護基を持つアミノ酸がアミノアシル化されたtRNAfMetを無細胞翻訳系に加えて翻訳合成を行った。翻訳系は、大腸菌由来の再構成無細胞タンパク質合成系であるPURE systemを用いた。具体的には、無細胞翻訳液(1%(v/v)RNasein Ribonuclease inhibitor(Promega社,N2111),1mM GTP,1mM ATP,20mMクレアチンリン酸,50mM HEPES-KOH pH7.6,100mM 酢酸カリウム,10mM 酢酸マグネシウム,2mMスペルミジン,1mM ジチオスレイトール,0.5mg/ml E.coli MRE600(RNaseネガティブ)由来tRNA(Roche社),0.1mM 10-HCO-H4folate、4μg/ml クレアチンキナーゼ,3μg/ml ミオキナーゼ,2unit/ml 無機ピロフォスファターゼ,1.1μg/ml ヌクレオシド二リン酸キナーゼ,0.6μM メチオニルtRNAトランスフォルミラーゼ,0.26μM EF-G、0.24μM RF2、0.17μM RF3、0.5μM RRF,2.7μM IF1,0.4μM IF2,1.5μM IF3,40μM EF-Tu,44μM EF-Ts,1.2μM リボソーム,0.73μM AlaRS,0.03μM ArgRS,0.38μM AsnRS,0.13μM AspRS,0.02μM CysRS,0.06μM GlnRS,0.23μM GluRS,0.09μM GlyRS,0.02μM HisRS,0.4μM IleRS,0.04μM LeuRS,0.11μM LysRS,0.03μM MetRS,0.68μM PheRS,0.16μM ProRS,0.04μM SerRS,0.09μM ThrRS,0.03μM TrpRS,0.02μM TyrRS,0.02μM ValRS(自家調製タンパクは基本的にHisタグ付加タンパクとして調製した))に、1μM 鋳型mRNAと、Thr,Arg,Lys,Ala,Tyr,Trp,Ser,Leu,Pro,Glyをそれぞれ250μMずつ加え、さらにアミノ基とチオール基にそれぞれ保護基を持つアミノ酸がアミノアシル化されたtRNAfMetを翻訳液混合物に加えて、37℃で1時間静置した。
無細胞翻訳系にて翻訳合成されたペプチドを質量分析するために、MALDI-TOF MSを用いて実施した。具体的には、上述の無細胞翻訳系に1μM 鋳型mRNA(R-4)と各アミノ酸としてThr,Arg,Lys,Ala,Tyr,Trp,Ser,Leu,Pro,Gly(各々最終濃度250μM)を加えた溶液を調製し、さらにアミノ基とチオール基にそれぞれ保護基を持つアミノ酸がアミノアシル化されたtRNAfMet(Acbz-(tBuSSEt)Gly-tRNAfMetCAU(化合物AAtR-10)、Acbz-(tBuSSEt)βAla-tRNAfMetCAU(化合物AAtR-11)、Acbz-βhCys(StBu)-tRNAfMetCAU(化合物AAtR-12)、Acbz-Pro(SSMe)-tRNAfMetCAU(化合物AAtR-13)、Azoc-(tBuSSEt)GABA -tRNAfMetCAU(化合物AAtR-14))(最終濃度25μM)を翻訳液混合物に加えて、37℃で1時間静置した。
得られた翻訳反応物に、トリス(2-カルボキシエチル)ホスフィン(TCEP)(最終濃度20mM)を加えた後、37℃で1時間静置した。マトリックスとしてα-シアノ-4-ヒドロキシケイ皮酸(CHCA)を用いて、MALDI-TOF MSにより翻訳産物を分析した。
その結果N末端にチオール基を有するアミノ酸が導入されたペプチド(表21 ペプチド配列番号Pep-61、Pep-62、Pep-63,Pep-64,Pep-65)を示すMSが観測された。
N末端にアミノ基とチオール基にそれぞれ保護基を持つアミノ酸が翻訳導入されたペプチドを検出するために、ラジオアイソトープでラベルしたアスパラギン酸を用いてペプチドの翻訳実験を行った。具体的には、上述の無細胞翻訳系に1μM 鋳型mRNA(R-4D)と各アミノ酸、Thr,Arg,Lys,Ala,Tyr,Trp,Ser,Leu,Pro,Gly(各々最終濃度250μM)、14C-アスパラギン酸(最終濃度37μM、Moravek Biochemicals社、MC139)を加えた溶液を調製し、さらにアミノ基とチオール基にそれぞれ保護基を持つアミノ酸がアミノアシル化されたtRNAfMet(Acbz-(tBuSSEt)Gly-tRNAfMetCAU(化合物AAtR-10)、Acbz-(tBuSSEt)βAla-tRNAfMetCAU(化合物AAtR-11)、Acbz-βhCys(StBu)-tRNAfMetCAU (化合物AAtR-12)、Acbz-Pro(SSMe)-tRNAfMetCAU(化合物AAtR-13)、Azoc-(tBuSSEt)GABA-tRNAfMetCAU(化合物AAtR-14)(最終濃度25μM)を翻訳液混合物に加えて、37℃で1時間静置した。また対照実験として翻訳開始用アミノアシルtRNAの代わりに250μM Metを加えたものと、翻訳開始用アミノアシルtRNAを加えないものを調製し、37℃で1時間静置した。
得られた翻訳反応溶液に対して等量の2Xサンプルバッファー(TEFCO社、catNo.06-323)を加え、95℃で3分間加熱後、電気泳動(16% Peptide-PAGE mini、TEFCO社、TB-162)を実施した。泳動後のゲルは、Clear Dry Quick Dry Starter KIT(TEFCO社、03-278)を用いて乾燥させ、イメージングプレート(GEヘルスケア社、28-9564-75)に24時間露光させ、バイオアナライザーシステム(Typhoon FLA 7000、GEヘルスケア社)で検出し、ImageQuantTL(GEヘルスケア社)で解析した。
その結果Acbz-(tBuSSEt)Glyの場合、目的物であるペプチド(ペプチド配列番号Pep-66)と副生成物(ペプチド配列番号Pep-9)の生成比は96:10(対照実験であるホルミルメチオニンで開始されたペプチド(ペプチド配列番号Pep-8)の翻訳効率を100としたときの相対的な翻訳効率を示す)であった(図8)。また、Acbz-(tBuSSEt)βAlaの場合、目的物であるペプチド(ペプチド配列番号Pep-67)と副生成物(ペプチド配列番号Pep-9)の生成比は92:12であり、Acbz-βhCys(StBu)の場合、目的物であるペプチド(ペプチド配列番号Pep-68)と副生成物(ペプチド配列番号Pep-9)の生成比は104:11であった。
また、Acbz-Pro(SSMe)の場合、目的物であるペプチド(ペプチド配列番号Pep-69)と副生成物(ペプチド配列番号Pep-9)の生成比は93:9、Azoc-(tBuSSEt)GABAの場合、目的物であるペプチド(ペプチド配列番号Pep-70)と副生成物(ペプチド配列番号Pep-9)の生成比は108:10であった(図9)。
10-1. 翻訳産物から分枝ペプチドの生成を可能とするアシルpCpAの合成
2-(ビス(4-メトキシフェニル)(フェニル)メトキシ)酢酸 (2R,3S,4R,5R)-2-((((((2R,3R,4R,5R)-5-(4-アミノ-2-オキソピリミジン-1(2H)-イル)-2-((ホスホノオキシ)メチル)-4-((テトラヒドロフラン-2-イル)オキシ)テトラヒドロフラン-3-イル)オキシ)(ヒドロキシ)ホスホリル)オキシ)メチル)-5-(6-アミノ-9H-プリン-9-イル)-4-ヒドロキシテトラヒドロフラン-3-イル(化合物nk48、DMT-HOGly-pCpA)の合成
LCMS(ESI) m/z = 1081.6 (M-H)-
保持時間:0.84分(分析条件SQDFA05)
LCMS(ESI) m/z = 709 (M-H)-
保持時間:0.13分(分析条件SQDFA05)
50μM 転写tRNAGluCUG(-CA) (配列番号R-2)(20μl)に、10X ligation buffer (500 mM HEPES-KOH pH 7.5, 200 mM MgCl2)(4μl)、10mM ATP (4μl)、Nuclease free water (5.6μl)を加え、95℃で2分間加熱した後、室温で5分間放置し、tRNAのリフォールディングを行った。10unit/μl T4 RNAリガーゼ(New england bio lab.社)(2.4μL)および、5mMのHOGly-pCpA(nk-49)のDMSO溶液 (4μL)を加え、16℃で45分間ライゲーション反応を行った。アシル化tRNA(化合物AAtR-15)は、フェノール・クロロホルム抽出した後、エタノール沈殿により回収した。アシル化tRNA(化合物AAtR-15)は、翻訳混合物に添加する直前に1mM酢酸ナトリウムに溶解した。
鋳型mRNA 配列番号R-18 (配列番号:37)
GGGUUAACUUUAAGAAGGAGAUAUACAUAUGAGUUUUUGCCCGCAGAUUAAAUACGUUGGUCUUCCGCGUUAAGCUUCG
次に翻訳反応液(7.8μL)に、pH 7.0TCEP溶液(500mM,1.2μL)、N-メチルー2-ピロリドン(NMP)(10μL) 、pH8.0 EDTA溶液(500mM、nacalai社 製品番号14362-24、0.5μL)、Nuclease free water(0.5μL)を
をそれぞれ混合し、37℃で30分間静置した。Acbzの脱保護反応とネイティブケミカルライゲーションによる環化反応が進行していることを、MALDI-TOF MSにより確認した(図10-1)。MALDI-TOF MSの分析には反応液を1μLサンプリングしSPE C-TIP(日京テクノス社)で精製し、マトリックスとしてα-シアノ-4-ヒドロキシケイ皮酸(CHCA)を用いて実施した。
[Cys*]Ser[MePhe]CysProHOGlyIleLys[Tyr(3-F)]ValGly[Asp*]ProArg(2つの*部位にて環化)(Pep-71)
Pep-71
m/z=1556.4 (M+H)+ Calc.1555.7
HOGlyIleLys[Tyr(3-F)]ValGly[Asp(SMe)]ProArg(Pep-72)
Pep-72
m/z=1053.3 (M+H)+ Calc.1052.5
前述のPep-71を含む環化反応液(10μL)に、N-メチルー2-ピロリドン(NMP)(20μL)、pH 7.0TCEP溶液(500mM,5μL)、pH9.2 ビシン溶液(2M、9μL)、水酸化カリウム水溶液(5M、6μL)、4-(トリフルオロメチル)ベンゼンチオール(6.8μL、50μL)をそれぞれ混合し、30℃で24時間静置した。
分枝ペプチドが生成していることを、MALDI-TOF MSにより確認した(図10-2、上図)。その結果目的物である分枝ペプチド(Pep-73)と副生成物(Pep-74)と環状ペプチド(Pep-71)のMS強度比は20:6:74であった。
MALDI-TOF MSの分析には、反応液を2μLサンプリングしSPE C-TIP(日京テクノス社)で精製し、マトリックスとしてα-シアノ-4-ヒドロキシケイ皮酸(CHCA)を用いて実施した。
m/z=1356.3 (M+H)+ Calc.1355.6
m/z=1005.3 (M+H)+ Calc.1004.5
前述のPep-71を含む環化反応液(10μL)に、N-メチル-2-ピロリドン(NMP)(20μL)、TCEP溶液(1M,5μL)、pH9.2 ビシン溶液(2M、8μL)、水酸化カリウム水溶液(5M、7μL)、4-(トリフルオロメチル)ベンゼンチオール(6.8μL、50μL)をそれぞれ混合し、45℃で14時間静置した。
TCEP溶液(1M)は、TCEP塩酸塩(73.2mg、0.256mmol)、水酸化カリウム水溶液(8M、128μL)を混合しNuclease free waterを用いて調製した。
分枝ペプチドが生成していることを、MALDI-TOF MSにより確認した(図10-2、下図)。その結果目的物である分枝ペプチド(Pep-73)と副生成物(Pep-74)と環状ペプチド(Pep-71)のMS強度比は85:9:6であった。MALDI-TOF MSの分析には、反応液を2μLサンプリングしSPE C-TIP(日京テクノス社)で精製し、マトリックスとしてα-シアノ-4-ヒドロキシケイ皮酸(CHCA)を用いて実施した。
以上の結果から、分枝化反応の条件を改良することによって翻訳産物から一連の反応を経て目的とする分枝ペプチドを良好な収率で進行することが示された。
一方、文献(WO2013/100132A)からこれらの一連の反応条件はRNAが十分安定な範囲であるため、ペプチド-RNA複合体においてもRNAを分解させることなく良好な収率で分枝反応を進行させることが可能である。
initiation suppression法を利用して環状ペプチドのディスプレイライブラリを作製しパニングを実施してGTPase KRas(KRAS)に対する結合ペプチドを取得するための実験を行った。
3-(4-クロロフェニル)-2-(N-メチルペンタ-4-エンアミド)プロパン酸 (S)-シアノメチル(化合物nk56、Pen-MePhe(4-Cl)-OCH 2 CN)の合成
下記のスキームにしたがって合成を行った。
窒素雰囲気下、前工程にて得られた(S)-2-((tert-ブトキシカルボニル)(メチル)アミノ)-3-(4-クロロフェニル)プロパン酸(化合物nk54、Boc-MePhe(4-Cl)-OH)(1.50g、4.78mmol)のジクロロメタン(80mL)溶液にN-エチル-イソプロピルプロパン-2-アミン(DIPEA)(1.24g、9.59mmol)および2-ブロモアセトニトリル(2.28g、19.0mmol)を加えて25℃で16時間攪拌した。反応液を濃縮し、得られた残渣を順相シリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィー(石油エーテル/酢酸エチル)にて精製し、(S)-2-((tert-ブトキシカルボニル)(メチル)アミノ)-3-(4-クロロフェニル)プロパン酸シアノメチル(化合物nk55、Boc-MePhe(4-Cl)-OCH2CN)(1.45g、86%)を得た。
前工程にて得られた(S)-2-((tert-ブトキシカルボニル)(メチル)アミノ)-3-(4-クロロフェニル)プロパン酸シアノメチル(化合物nk55、Boc-MePhe(4-Cl)-OCH2CN)(1.30g、3.68mmol)をジクロロメタン(50mL)に溶解し、塩酸ガスを吹き付け20℃にて1時間撹拌した。反応液を濃縮し、混合物として(S)-3-(4-クロロフェニル)-2-(メチルアミノ)プロパン酸シアノメチルを(1.06g)得た。
前工程にて得られた(S)-3-(4-クロロフェニル)-2-(メチルアミノ)プロパン酸シアノメチルの混合物(0.96g)をジクロロメタン(50mL)に溶解し、0℃にてトリエチルアミン(840mg、8.30mmol)を加えた後、塩化ペンタ-4-エノイル(472mg、3.98mmol)のジクロロメタン溶液(10mL)を滴下しながら加えた。反応液を20℃で2時間撹拌した後、濃縮し、得られた残渣を順相シリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィー(石油エーテル/酢酸エチル)にて精製し、3-(4-クロロフェニル)-2-(N-メチルペンタ-4-エンアミド)プロパン酸 (S)-シアノメチル(化合物nk56、Pen-MePhe(4-Cl)-OCH2CN)(0.918g、83%、2工程)を得た。
LCMS(ESI) m/z = 335 (M+H)+
保持時間:2.21分(分析条件SMD method5)
LCMS(ESI) m/z = 1000 (M+H)+
保持時間:0.58分(分析条件SQDFA05)
LCMS(ESI) m/z = 928 (M-H)-
保持時間:0.52分(分析条件SQDFA05)
水(40mL)と1,4-ジオキサン(40mL)の混合溶媒に、得られた粗生成物である(S)-2-アミノ-4-(メチルスルホニル)ブタン酸(H―Met(O2)-OH)(2.88g)とペンタ-4-エン酸 2,5-ジオキソピロリジン-1-イル (3.76g、19.1mmol)、炭酸水素ナトリウム(2.68g、31.9mmol)を加えた後、反応液を25℃で4時間撹拌した。反応液を酢酸エチルで2回洗浄した後、水層を1Mの塩酸水溶液でpH2になるまで調整し、ジクロロメタンで4回抽出した。得られた有機層をまとめて、飽和食塩水で洗浄し、無水硫酸ナトリウムで乾燥させ、ろ過、減圧濃縮を行った。得られた残渣を順相シリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィー(ジクロロメタン/メタノール)にて精製し、(S)-4-(メチルスルホニル)-2-(ペンタ-4-エンアミド)ブタン酸(化合物nk59、Pen-Met(O2)-OH)(2.4g、74%、2工程)を得た。
LCMS(ESI) m/z = 264 (M+H)+
保持時間:1.00分(分析条件SMD method4)
LCMS(ESI) m/z = 303 (M+H)+
保持時間:0.50分(分析条件SQDAA05)
LCMS(ESI) m/z = 968.5 (M+H)+
保持時間:0.44分(分析条件SQDAA05)
LCMS(ESI) m/z = 898 (M+H)+
保持時間:0.29分(分析条件SQDFA05)
水(28mL)と1,4-ジオキサン(28mL)の混合溶媒に、得られた粗生成物である(S)-2-アミノ-3-(3-クロロフェニル)プロパン酸(H―Phe(3-Cl)-OH)(2.22g)とペンタ-4-エン酸 2,5-ジオキソピロリジン-1-イル (2.62g、13.3mmol)、炭酸水素ナトリウム(1.86g、22.1mmol)を加えた後、反応液を25℃で16時間撹拌した。反応液を酢酸エチルで2回洗浄した後、水層を1Mの塩酸水溶液でpH2になるまで調整し、ジクロロメタンで3回抽出した。得られた有機層をまとめて、飽和食塩水で洗浄し、無水硫酸ナトリウムで乾燥させ、ろ過、減圧濃縮を行った。得られた残渣を順相シリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィー(ジクロロメタン/メタノール)にて精製し、(S)-3-(3-クロロフェニル)-2-(ペンタ-4-エンアミド)プロパン酸(Pen-Phe(3-Cl)-OH)(1.5g、45%、2工程)を得た。
窒素雰囲気下、(S)-3-(3-クロロフェニル)-2-(ペンタ-4-エンアミド)プロパン酸(Pen-Phe(3-Cl)-OH)(1.50g、5.32mmol)およびN-エチル-イソプロピルプロパン-2-アミン(DIPEA)(1.37g、10.6mmol)をジクロロメタン(24ml)に溶解し、2-ブロモアセトニトリル(2.55g、21.3mmol)を加えて25℃で16時間攪拌した。反応液を濃縮し、得られた残渣を順相シリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィー(石油エーテル/酢酸エチル)にて精製し、(S)-3-(3-クロロフェニル)-2-(ペンタ-4-エンアミド)プロパン酸シアノメチル(化合物nk63、Pen-Phe(3-Cl)-OCH2CN)(0.767g、45%)を得た。
LCMS(ESI) m/z = 321 (M+H)+
保持時間:0.87分(分析条件SQDAA05)
LCMS(ESI) m/z = 986 (M+H)+
保持時間:0.77分(分析条件SQDAA05)
LCMS(ESI) m/z = 914 (M―H)―
保持時間:0.47分(分析条件SQDFA05)
特許文献(WO2013/100132A1)に記載の手法でパニングに使用するアシル化tRNAを調製した。使用したtRNA(CA欠損)の塩基配列を表23に示した。表24に示すElongatorアミノアシル化tRNA混合物を調製した。以降、翻訳で使用する際には、表24示す最終濃度となるよう翻訳液を調製した。Initiatorアミノアシル化tRNAの調製は、ライゲーション反応後、脱保護を実施せずにフェノール抽出以降の作業を行った。表25に示す三種類を個別に調整し、翻訳で使用する際にもいずれか一つを表に示す最終濃度で翻訳液に添加した。
特許文献(WO2013/100132A1)に記載の手法で、DNAライブラリを構築した。 TTT, TTG, CTA, ATT, GTT, CCG, ACT, GCT, TAC, CAT, CAG, TGG, CGG, AGT, AGG, GGTのいずれかのコドンが9回繰り返しで出現するもの用意した。
パニングに使用する標的タンパク質として、大腸菌で発現・精製したGTPase KRas(KRAS)を用いた。非特許文献BMC biotechnology, 2008,8,41、および非特許文献Protein Science,1999,8,921-929の方法を用いてビオチン化タンパクを調製した。
パニングに使用した翻訳液は以下の組成で構成される。1mM GTP,1mM ATP,20mMクレアチンリン酸,50mM HEPES-KOH pH7.6,100mM 酢酸カリウム,10mM 酢酸マグネシウム,2mMスペルミジン,1mM ジチオスレイトール,0.5mg/ml E.coli MRE600(RNaseネガティブ)由来tRNA(Roche社),4μg/ml クレアチンキナーゼ,3μg/ml ミオキナーゼ,2unit/ml 無機ピロフォスファターゼ,1.1μg/ml ヌクレオシド二リン酸キナーゼ,0.26μM EF-G,2.7μM IF1,0.4μM IF2,1.5μM IF3,40μM EF-Tu,44μM EF-Ts,1.2μM リボソーム,2.73μM AlaRS,0.09μM GlyRS,0.4μM IleRS,0.5μM 変異体PheRS05(特許文献WO2016/148044),0.16μM ProRS,1μM 変異体SerRS37(特許文献WO2016/148044),0.09μM ThrRS,0.01μM TrpRS,0.02μM TyrRS,1μM 変異体ValRS13(特許文献WO2016/148044),0.11μM LysRS,0.33μM HisRS,3μM in vitro転写大腸菌tRNA Ala1B,3μM 精製大腸菌tRNA His QUG(非特許文献Nucleic Acids Res. 2010 Apr;38(6):e89.の手法に習い精製。),250μMグリシン、250μMイソロイシン、250μMプロリン、250μMスレオニン、250μMトリプトファン、250μMリジン、5mM N-メチルバリン、5mM N-メチルセリン、5mM N-メチルアラニン、5mM N-メチルフェニルアラニン、250μM 3-フルオロチロシン、5mM N-メチルヒスチジン、表23に示すElongatorアミノアシル化tRNA混合物。さらにInitiatorアミノアシル化tRNA(表24)のなかのいずれか一つを加えて調製した。
前述の二本鎖DNAライブラリと翻訳液を使用し、特許文献(WO2013/100132A1)に倣ってパニングを実施した。
パニング後のDNAプールの塩基配列解析を行い、出現頻度の高かった配列について、特許文献(WO2013/100132A1)に倣ってペプチドの固相合成を実施した。標的タンパク質に対する結合能をBiacoreで確認した。その結果複数の配列で標的に結合することが示された。
これらの標的に結合する配列は複数のアミノ酸類縁体を含む環状部を有するペプチドであった。以上の結果よりinitiation suppression法を用いて、GTPase KRas(KRAS)に対して結合するアミノ酸類縁体を複数含む環状ペプチドを取得できたことが示された。
Claims (24)
- 2以上のアミノ酸類縁体残基を含みかつ環状部を有するペプチド、当該ペプチドと核酸との複合体又は当該複合体を含むライブラリーの製造方法であって、
第一の反応点を有する下記一般式(I)または下記一般式(II):
(式中、
R1は、翻訳合成が可能なチオール基の保護基であり;
R2、およびR3は、それぞれ独立して、水素原子、アルキル基、アルケニル基、アルキニル基、アリール基、ヘテロアリール基、アラルキル基、またはシクロアルキル基であり、これらの基は置換されていてもよく、あるいはR2とR3は、それらが結合する原子と一緒になって環を形成し;あるいはR2またはR3は、R4およびそれらが結合する原子と一緒になって環を形成し、但しR2が、これが結合するN原子およびSP-1と一緒になってアジド基(-N3)を形成する場合、上記の定義はR2に対して適用されず;
R4は、アルキレン、アリーレン、ヘテロアリーレン、アルキレンアリーレン、アルキレンヘテロアリーレン、アリーレンアルキレン、またはヘテロアリーレンアルキレンであり、これらの基は置換されていてもよく;
R11、およびR12は、それぞれ独立して、単結合、アルキレン、アリーレン、ヘテロアリーレン、アルキレンアリーレン、アルキレンヘテロアリーレン、アリーレンアルキレン、またはヘテロアリーレンアルキレンであり、これらの基は置換されていてもよく;
SP-1は、これが結合するN原子およびR2と一緒になってアジド基を形成するか、
以下の式:
(式中のP1は、単結合、アリーレン、またはヘテロアリーレンである)で表されるか、または以下の式:
(式中のP2は、アルキル、アリール、またはヘテロアリールである)で表される、アミノ基の保護基である)
で表されるアミノ酸残基をN末端に有し、かつその側鎖の1つに第二の反応点を有するアミノ酸残基をN末端から少なくとも4残基C末端側に有する非環状ペプチドをコードする核酸から翻訳して合成されるペプチド、または当該ペプチドと当該核酸との複合体において、第一の反応点と第二の反応点とを反応させて、アミド結合を形成させる工程を含む、方法。 - R1が、S-R23(ここで、R23はアルキル、アルケニル、アルキニル、アリール、ヘテロアリール、またはアラルキルであり、これらの基は置換されていてもよい)、スルホネート(-SO3 -)、およびチオスルホネート(-S2O3 -)からなる群より選択される、請求項1記載の方法。
- R23が、メチル、エチル、イソプロピル、tert―ブチル、フェニル、p-トリフルオロメチルフェニル、p-フルオロフェニル、ベンジル、またはフェネチルであり、これらの基は置換されていてもよい、請求項2に記載の方法。
- R2、R3は、それぞれ独立して、水素原子、ハロゲンで置換されてもよいC1-C4アルキル、またはC1-C4アルコキシである、請求項1~3のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- R13~R18が、それぞれ独立して、水素原子またはメチルである、請求項5に記載の方法。
- R13'~R18'が、それぞれ独立して、水素原子またはメチル基である、請求項7に記載の方法。
- 一般式(I)で表されるアミノ酸残基が、以下の一般式:
(式中、
R1~R4およびSP-1は、それぞれ請求項1に記載のR1~R4およびSP-1と同意義を表し、
R13'~R16'は、それぞれ請求項7に記載のR13'~R16'と同意義を表す。)
のいずれかで表されるアミノ酸残基であるか、または、
一般式(II)で表されるアミノ酸残基が、以下の一般式:
(式中、
R1、R4およびSP-1は、それぞれ請求項1に記載のR1、R4およびSP-1と同意義を表し、
R13'~R18'は、それぞれ請求項7に記載のR13'~R18'と同意義を表す。)
のいずれかで表されるアミノ酸残基である、請求項1~8のいずれか一項に記載の方法。 - 一般式(I)で表されるアミノ酸残基が、以下の一般式:
(式中、
R1~R3およびSP-1は、それぞれ請求項1に記載のR1~R3およびSP-1と同意義を表し;
R13~R16は、それぞれ請求項5に記載のR13~16と同意義を表し;
R13'~R16'は、それぞれ請求項7に記載のR13'~R16'と同意義を表し;あるいはR2は、R13、R14、R15またはR16およびそれらが結合する原子と一緒になって環を形成し、但しR2が、これが結合するN原子およびSP-1と一緒になってアジド基(-N3)を形成する場合、上記の定義はR2に対して適用されない)
のいずれかで表されるアミノ酸残基であるか、または、
一般式(II)で表されるアミノ酸残基が、以下の一般式:
(式中、
R1およびSP-1は、それぞれ請求項1に記載のR1およびSP-1と同意義を表し;
R13~R18は、それぞれ請求項5に記載のR13~R18と同意義を表し;
R13'~R18'は、それぞれ請求項7に記載のR13'~R18'と同意義を表す。)
のいずれかで表されるアミノ酸残基である、請求項1~9のいずれか一項に記載の方法。 - SP-1が、4-アジドベンジルオキシカルボニル(p-Acbz)、2-アジドベンジルオキシカルボニル(o-Acbz)、アジドメトキシカルボニル(Azoc)、フェニルジスルファニルエチルオキシカルボニル(Phdec)、2-ピリジルジスルファニルエチルオキシカルボニル(Pydec)、もしくは2-(t-ブチルジスルファニル)エチルオキシカルボニル(Tbeoc)であるか、またはSP-1は、これが結合するN原子およびR2と一緒になってアジド基を形成する、請求項1~10のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 側鎖の1つに第二の反応点を有するアミノ酸残基が、以下の一般式:
(式中、
R2"、R3"は、それぞれ独立して、水素原子、アルキル、アルケニル、アルキニル、アリール、ヘテロアリール、アラルキル、またはシクロアルキルであり、これらの基は置換されていてもよく、あるいはR2"とR3"は、それらが結合する原子と一緒になって環を形成し;あるいはR2"またはR3"は、R26およびそれらが結合する原子と一緒になって環を形成し;
R25は水酸基であるか、またはそれが結合するCOと共に活性エステルを形成し;
R26は、アルキレン、アリーレン、ヘテロアリーレン、アリーレンアルキレン、またはヘテロアリーレンアルキレンであり、これらの基は置換されていてもよい)
で表される、請求項1~11のいずれか一項に記載の方法。 - 側鎖の1つに第二の反応点を有するアミノ酸残基が、以下の一般式:
(式中、
R2"は、請求項12に記載のR2"と同意義を表し;
R3"は、水素原子、または置換されてもよいC1-C4アルキル基であり;
R28およびR29は、それぞれ独立して、水素原子、置換されてもよいC1-C6アルキル基、置換されてもよいC2-C6アルケニル基、置換されてもよいC2-C6アルキニル基、置換されてもよいアリール基、置換されてもよいヘテロアリール基、置換されてもよいアラルキル基、または置換されてもよいシクロアルキル基であり;
R27は、水素原子、置換されてもよいアルキル基、置換されてもよいアルケニル基、置換されてもよいアルキニル基、置換されてもよいアリール基、置換されてもよいヘテロアリール基、置換されてもよいシクロアルキル基、置換されてもよいアラルキル基の中から選択される)
で表される、請求項1~14のいずれか一項に記載の方法。 - 環状部に存在する-SH基を脱硫する工程をさらに含む、請求項1~15のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 環状部を有するペプチドと核酸との複合体が、ペプチドと核酸との間にリンカーを有する、請求項1~16のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- ペプチドが、メチオニン、メチオニルtRNA合成酵素(MetRS)、メチオニン用翻訳開始tRNA、フォルミルドナー、メチオニルtRNAトランスフェラーゼの少なくとも1つを含まない無細胞翻訳系において翻訳して合成される、請求項1~17のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 請求項19記載の化合物とtRNAが結合してなるアミノアシルtRNA。
- 請求項22もしくは23記載のペプチド又は複合体を用いて、2以上のアミノ酸類縁体残基を含みかつ環状部を有するペプチド、当該ペプチドと核酸との複合体又はそのライブラリーを製造する方法。
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US10815489B2 (en) | 2015-03-13 | 2020-10-27 | Chugai Seiyaku Kabushiki Kaisha | Modified aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase and use thereof |
WO2021117848A1 (ja) | 2019-12-12 | 2021-06-17 | 中外製薬株式会社 | 非天然アミノ酸を含むペプチドの製造方法 |
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US11492369B2 (en) | 2017-12-15 | 2022-11-08 | Chugai Seiyaku Kabushiki Kaisha | Method for producing peptide, and method for processing bases |
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