WO2017148051A1 - 压力感测触摸系统和方法以及显示系统 - Google Patents

压力感测触摸系统和方法以及显示系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017148051A1
WO2017148051A1 PCT/CN2016/086694 CN2016086694W WO2017148051A1 WO 2017148051 A1 WO2017148051 A1 WO 2017148051A1 CN 2016086694 W CN2016086694 W CN 2016086694W WO 2017148051 A1 WO2017148051 A1 WO 2017148051A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
light
interference
plate
change
pressure sensing
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PCT/CN2016/086694
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
徐智强
邹祥祥
王雪飞
Original Assignee
京东方科技集团股份有限公司
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Application filed by 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 filed Critical 京东方科技集团股份有限公司
Priority to US15/533,079 priority Critical patent/US9965078B2/en
Publication of WO2017148051A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017148051A1/zh

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
    • G06F3/01—Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
    • G06F3/03—Arrangements for converting the position or the displacement of a member into a coded form
    • G06F3/041—Digitisers, e.g. for touch screens or touch pads, characterised by the transducing means
    • G06F3/0414—Digitisers, e.g. for touch screens or touch pads, characterised by the transducing means using force sensing means to determine a position
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
    • G06F3/01—Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
    • G06F3/03—Arrangements for converting the position or the displacement of a member into a coded form
    • G06F3/041—Digitisers, e.g. for touch screens or touch pads, characterised by the transducing means
    • G06F3/042—Digitisers, e.g. for touch screens or touch pads, characterised by the transducing means by opto-electronic means
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
    • G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
    • G02B6/0013—Means for improving the coupling-in of light from the light source into the light guide
    • G02B6/0023—Means for improving the coupling-in of light from the light source into the light guide provided by one optical element, or plurality thereof, placed between the light guide and the light source, or around the light source
    • G02B6/0031—Reflecting element, sheet or layer
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/13338—Input devices, e.g. touch panels
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/1336—Illuminating devices
    • G02F1/133602—Direct backlight
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/1336—Illuminating devices
    • G02F1/133615—Edge-illuminating devices, i.e. illuminating from the side
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
    • G06F3/01—Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
    • G06F3/03—Arrangements for converting the position or the displacement of a member into a coded form
    • G06F3/041—Digitisers, e.g. for touch screens or touch pads, characterised by the transducing means
    • G06F3/0412—Digitisers structurally integrated in a display
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
    • G06F3/01—Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
    • G06F3/03—Arrangements for converting the position or the displacement of a member into a coded form
    • G06F3/041—Digitisers, e.g. for touch screens or touch pads, characterised by the transducing means
    • G06F3/042—Digitisers, e.g. for touch screens or touch pads, characterised by the transducing means by opto-electronic means
    • G06F3/0428—Digitisers, e.g. for touch screens or touch pads, characterised by the transducing means by opto-electronic means by sensing at the edges of the touch surface the interruption of optical paths, e.g. an illumination plane, parallel to the touch surface which may be virtual
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
    • G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
    • G02B6/0033—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide
    • G02B6/005—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide provided by one optical element, or plurality thereof, placed on the light output side of the light guide
    • G02B6/0055—Reflecting element, sheet or layer

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of display technologies, and in particular, to a pressure sensing touch system and method, and a display system.
  • Touch input devices are widely used in human-computer interaction applications such as smart phones, e-books, tablets, and laptops. Touch input devices are generally based on capacitive touch sensors that are capable of sensing the position and trajectory of a touch operation, but are unable to detect the pressure applied during a press operation.
  • Pressure sensor based touch input devices have been developed. While they are effective, there is still a need for an alternative to pressure sensor based conventional touch input devices.
  • a pressure sensing touch system for identifying a touch event caused by a pressure applied at a touch location.
  • the system includes a light guide plate having an upper surface, a lower surface, and at least one light incident surface, and a light output plate disposed at the lower surface and having a plurality of first through openings in a thickness direction thereof.
  • the light guide plate and the light output plate are bendable when the pressure is applied at the touch position.
  • the system also includes a light source subsystem disposed at the at least one light incident surface and configured to direct light into the light guide plate to provide output light through the plurality of first through openings, and a plurality of interference plates Each has two second through openings in the thickness direction thereof.
  • Each of the plurality of interference plates is disposed opposite a corresponding one of the plurality of first through openings such that the output light exits from the respective first through opening At least a portion of the two through the two through openings interfere with each other.
  • the plurality of interference plates are arranged such that bending of the light guide plate and the light output plate causes a change in position of the corresponding interference plate when the pressure is applied at the touch position.
  • the system also includes a plurality of detectors each disposed opposite one of the plurality of interference plates for receiving The two second through openings of the respective interference plates exit at least a portion of the output light.
  • Each of the plurality of detectors is configured to detect a change in an intensity distribution of the output light, the change in the intensity distribution being caused by a change in a position of an interference plate corresponding to the detector, the interference plate
  • the change in position includes a decrease in the distance of the interference plate from the detector.
  • the system also includes a controller operatively coupled to the plurality of detectors and configured to identify the touch event based on detection by the plurality of detectors.
  • the first through opening and the second through opening are through holes.
  • the first through opening and the second through opening are slits.
  • the plurality of interference plates are combined into a unitary structure.
  • the plurality of detectors are combined into a unitary structure.
  • the plurality of detectors are distributed in an array.
  • each of the plurality of detectors comprises a CMOS or CCD array.
  • the light source subsystem includes at least one light source.
  • the at least one light source is selected from the group consisting of an LED, a laser diode, and a VCSEL.
  • the controller is further configured to identify the touch location based on which detector or detectors detected a change in the intensity profile.
  • the controller is further configured to identify a level of the pressure based on a magnitude of the change in the intensity distribution.
  • a display system comprising: a pressure sensing touch system according to the above; and a display panel disposed above the light guide plate.
  • the touch event is caused by pressure applied at a touch location on the display panel.
  • the light output panel is a reflector
  • the display system further includes a diffuser plate disposed between the upper surface of the light guide plate and the display panel.
  • a method of identifying a touch event caused by a pressure applied at a touch location includes providing output light at a plurality of first through openings of a light output panel.
  • the light output panel is bendable when the pressure is applied at the touch location.
  • the method also includes providing a plurality of interference plates.
  • Each of the interference plates has two second through openings in a thickness direction thereof and is disposed opposite to a corresponding one of the plurality of first through openings, such that the first straight from the respective At least a portion of the output light exiting the opening passes through the two second through openings to interfere with each other.
  • the method also includes bending the light output panel by applying the pressure at the touch location, thereby causing a change in position of a corresponding interference plate; detecting two from the corresponding interference plate by a detector a change in the intensity distribution of the output light exiting the second through opening, the change in the intensity distribution being caused by a change in the position of the corresponding interference plate, the change in the position of the corresponding interference plate comprising the interference plate a decrease in distance from the detector; and identifying the touch event based on the detected change in the intensity distribution.
  • FIG. 1A is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a structure of a pressure sensing touch system according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 1B is a block diagram schematically showing the structure of a pressure sensing touch system according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 shows a schematic diagram of a pressure sensing touch system as shown in FIG. 1 when in a touch event
  • Figure 3 schematically shows the principle of double slit interference
  • FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a structure of a display system in which a pressure sensing touch system as shown in FIG. 1 is used with a display panel;
  • FIG. 5 shows a schematic diagram of the display system as shown in FIG. 4 when in a touch event.
  • first, second, third, etc. may be used herein to describe various elements, components, regions, layers and/ Some should not be limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one element, component, region, layer Thus, a first element, component, region, layer, or section, which is discussed below, may be referred to as a second element, component, region, layer or section without departing from the teachings of the invention.
  • FIG. 1A is a cross-sectional view schematically showing the structure of a pressure sensing touch system 100 in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the pressure sensing touch system 100 can be used alone as a touch input device (eg, a touchpad touchpad) or in combination with a display panel as a touch screen (discussed later).
  • the pressure sensing touch system 100 includes a light guide plate 103, a light output plate 104, a light source subsystem 102, a plurality of interference plates 105, a plurality of detectors 106, and a controller (not shown).
  • the light guide plate 103 has an upper surface, a lower surface, and at least one light incident surface.
  • the light guide plate 103 may be a light guiding member that is often used in a backlight module of a liquid crystal display.
  • Examples of the light guide plate 103 include a sheet made of polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) or polycarbonate (PC) material.
  • PMMA polymethyl methacrylate
  • PC polycarbonate
  • the light guide plate 103 is bendable due to the relatively small thickness of the light guide plate 103, for example, in the case where a certain amount of pressure is applied to a touch event at a touch position (for example, the upper surface of the light guide plate 103).
  • the light output plate 104 is disposed at a lower surface of the light guide plate 103 and has a plurality of first through openings 107 in the thickness direction thereof.
  • the light output plate 104 is bendable when the pressure is applied at the touch position.
  • the light source subsystem 102 is disposed at at least one light incident surface of the light guide plate 103 and configured to introduce light into the light guide plate 103 to provide output light through the plurality of first through openings 107.
  • light source subsystem 102 can include at least one light source. Examples of light sources include LEDs, laser diodes, VCSELs, and the like.
  • a plurality of light sources may be disposed at one light incident surface of the light guide plate 103. In other embodiments, a plurality of light sources may be disposed at different light entrance faces of the light guide plate 103, respectively.
  • pressure sensing touch system 100 includes a plurality of interference plates 105.
  • Each of the interference plates 105 has two second through openings 108, 108' in the thickness direction thereof.
  • Each of the plurality of interference plates 108, 108' is disposed opposite a corresponding one of the plurality of first through openings 107 such that the output light exits from the respective first through opening At least a portion interferes with each other through the two second through openings 108, 108'.
  • the interference of the output light may include two-hole interference or double-slit interference.
  • the first through opening 107 and the second through opening 108, 108' are holes.
  • double slit interference the first through opening 107 and the first The two through openings 108, 108' are slits.
  • the plurality of interference plates 105 are arranged such that the bending of the light guide plate 103 and the light output plate 104 when the pressure is applied at the touch position causes a change in the position of the corresponding interference plate 105.
  • the interference plate 105 can be fixedly coupled to the light output panel 104, such as by a support member (not shown).
  • a support member may be a post that protrudes from the interference plate 105 and extends to the light output plate 104 (or vice versa).
  • An example of the support member may also be a glue applied to a peripheral region of the interference plate 105, which is cured to provide a gap between the interference plate 105 and the light output plate 104.
  • Other examples of the support member include a gasket adhered between the interference plate 105 and the light output plate 104.
  • the plurality of interference plates 105 can be combined into a unitary structure. That is, the plurality of interference plates 105 as a whole are combined into one interference plate on which a plurality of pairs of second through openings 108, 108' which are in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of first through openings 107 are still disposed. This is advantageous for the manufacture and installation of interference plates.
  • Corresponding support members may be disposed adjacent each pair of second through openings 108, 108' such that bending of different portions of the light output plate 104 causes a change in the position of the corresponding one or more pairs of second through openings 108, 108'.
  • pressure sensing touch system 100 includes a plurality of detectors 106.
  • Each detector 106 is disposed opposite one of the plurality of interference plates 105 for receiving at least a portion of the output light exiting the two second through openings 108, 108' of the respective interference plate.
  • the detector 106 can have a light sensing surface onto which the output light that is interfering is projected to form an interference pattern indicative of the intensity distribution of the output light.
  • detector 106 can have photodiodes or various other types of photosensors.
  • the detector 106 can include a CMOS or CCD array, in which case the interference pattern can be imaged and picked up by the detector 106.
  • the bending of the light output panel 104 causes a change in the position of the corresponding interference plate 105.
  • the interference plate 105 moves toward the detector 106 such that the distance between them decreases. This reduced distance causes a change in the interference pattern projected onto the light sensing surface of the detector 106 such that the intensity distribution of the output light detected by the detector 106 changes.
  • Each of the plurality of detectors 106 is configured to detect a change in the intensity distribution of the output light.
  • FIG. 1B is a block diagram that schematically illustrates the structure of a pressure sensing touch system 100 in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the pressure sensing touch system 100 includes a controller 109, operatively coupled to the plurality of detectors 106 and configured to identify the touch event based on detection by the plurality of detectors 106.
  • controller 109 The functionality of identifying touch events described in connection with the above and following embodiments may be embodied directly in controller 109, in a software module executed by controller 109, or in a combination of the two.
  • the software module can reside in a memory such as RAM memory, flash memory, ROM memory, EPROM memory, EEPROM memory, registers, hard disk, removable disk or CD-ROM.
  • An exemplary storage medium is coupled to controller 109 such that controller 109 can read information from or write information to the storage medium.
  • the storage medium may be integral with the controller 109.
  • Controller 109 and the storage medium can reside in the ASIC.
  • the controller 109 can be configured to identify the touch location based on which of the detector(s) 106 detected the change in intensity distribution.
  • the controller 109 can be further configured to identify the level of the pressure based on the magnitude of the change in the intensity distribution. The functions performed by the controller 109 will be described in more detail later.
  • multiple detectors 106 are illustrated as being arranged in an array in FIG. 1B, other embodiments are possible.
  • multiple detectors 106 can be combined into a unitary structure such that their light sensing surfaces are combined into one complete light sensing surface. This is advantageous for the manufacture and installation of the detector.
  • the photosensitive element eg, CMOS or CCD unit
  • the photosensitive element may or may not cover the entire area of the complete light sensing surface.
  • FIG. 2 shows a schematic diagram of the pressure sensing touch system 100 as shown in FIG. 1 when in a touch event.
  • the touch event the user presses the upper surface of the light guide plate 103 at the touch position by touching the object 110 (for example, a finger or a stylus pen).
  • the object 110 for example, a finger or a stylus pen.
  • the regions of the light guide plate 103 and the light output plate 104 corresponding to the touch position are locally bent, which results in a change in the position of the corresponding interference plate 105A.
  • the change causes a change in the interference pattern that is projected onto the detector 106A.
  • the output light is supplied from the shutter 201 having the slit, and is projected onto the shutter 202 (interference plate) having the two slits.
  • the light waves pass through the two slits and become two coherent wave sources, and the light they emit overlaps each other in the space behind the baffle 202, and an interference pattern is formed on the screen 203.
  • the interference pattern is an arrangement of stripes having different colors.
  • the interference pattern is a plurality of stripes between light and dark.
  • ⁇ x is the stripe pitch
  • D is the horizontal distance of the double slit to the screen
  • d is the double slit spacing
  • ⁇ is the wavelength of the monochromatic light
  • the interference fringe spacing of the red light is the widest, so that the outermost is the red stripe.
  • the central stripes are mixed by light strips of different wavelengths and are therefore white.
  • the stripe pitch is correspondingly reduced.
  • the distance between the interference plate 105A and the detector 106A ie, D
  • the controller 109 may determine that the area on the upper surface of the light guide plate 103 corresponding to the detector 106A is the position at which the pressure is applied. In other words, the change in the intensity distribution is associated with the application of the pressure.
  • controller 109 can be configured to identify the level of the pressure based on the magnitude of the change in the intensity distribution. This can be referred to as "multi-level pressure touch" where different levels of pressure can trigger different operations.
  • the level of pressure can be indicated by the magnitude of the change in the fringe spacing ⁇ x.
  • the correspondence between the magnitude of the change in the stripe pitch ⁇ x and the level of the pressure may be pre-stored, and the magnitude of the pressure is determined by the magnitude of the detected change in ⁇ x.
  • the controller 109 when the detected ⁇ x is within the first range, the controller 109 can perform the first operation, and when the detected ⁇ x is within the second range, the controller 109 can perform the second operation, and the like .
  • the change in the intensity distribution is associated with the application of the pressure.
  • FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing the structure of a display system 400 in which the pressure sensing touch system 100 shown in FIG. 1 is used with the display panel 300.
  • the display system 400 can be considered a touch screen in which the display panel 300 is stacked on top of the pressure sensing touch system 100.
  • display panel 300 can be a liquid crystal display panel.
  • display panel 300 can be an OLED based display panel.
  • An example of the display panel 300 may also include a flexible display panel.
  • the pressure sensing touch system 100 can be considered as a backlight module of a liquid crystal display.
  • the light output plate 104 is a reflection plate.
  • a diffusion plate (not shown) may be disposed between the upper surface of the light guide plate 103 and the display panel 300.
  • FIG. 5 shows a schematic diagram of display system 400 as shown in FIG. 4 when in a touch event.
  • the display panel 300 has a relatively small thickness (for example, a few millimeters or even less) such that it is bent when pressure is applied at a touch position on the display panel 300. The bending of the display panel 300 will cause bending of the light guide plate 103, and eventually will cause a change in the position of the interference plate 105.
  • the user presses the surface of the display panel 300 at the touched position by touching the object 110 (eg, a finger or a stylus).
  • the object 110 eg, a finger or a stylus.
  • the position of the corresponding interference plate 105B will change, and the interference pattern projected to the detector 106B will change accordingly.
  • the process of identifying the touch event is similar to the example described above in connection with FIG. 2, and thus will not be described in detail herein.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Nonlinear Science (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Human Computer Interaction (AREA)
  • Mathematical Physics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Position Input By Displaying (AREA)
  • Force Measurement Appropriate To Specific Purposes (AREA)

Abstract

公开了一种用于识别由施加在触摸位置处的压力引起的触摸事件的压力感测触摸系统。所述系统包括导光板、光输出板、光源子系统、多个干涉板、多个检测器以及控制器。当所述压力被施加在所述触摸位置处时，从所述干涉板的两个第二直通开口离开的输出光的强度分布发生改变。所述多个检测器被配置成检测所述改变。所述控制器被配置成基于由所述多个检测器进行的检测来识别所述触摸事件。还公开了一种压力感测触摸方法和一种显示系统。

Description

压力感测触摸系统和方法以及显示系统 技术领域
本发明涉及显示技术领域，具体来说涉及一种压力感测触摸系统和方法以及显示系统。
背景技术
触摸输入设备被广泛地用于人机交互应用中，诸如智能电话、电子书、平板电脑和膝上型计算机。触摸输入设备一般基于电容性触摸传感器，其能够感测触摸操作的位置和轨迹，但是不能检测在按压操作中所施加的压力。
已经开发了基于压力传感器的触摸输入设备。虽然它们是有效的，但是仍然存在对于基于压力传感器的传统触摸输入设备的替代方案的需要。
发明内容
有利的是实现一种基于光学的方案来感测施加在触摸位置处的压力，由此识别触摸事件。
根据本发明的第一方面，提供了一种用于识别由施加在触摸位置处的压力引起的触摸事件的压力感测触摸系统。该系统包括具有上表面、下表面和至少一个入光面的导光板，和布置在所述下表面处且具有其厚度方向上的多个第一直通开口的光输出板。所述导光板和所述光输出板在所述压力被施加在所述触摸位置处时是可弯曲的。该系统还包括布置在所述至少一个入光面处并被配置成将光导入所述导光板中以通过所述多个第一直通开口提供输出光的光源子系统，和多个干涉板，每个具有其厚度方向上的两个第二直通开口。所述多个干涉板中的每个与所述多个第一直通开口中一个相应的第一直通开口相对地布置以使得从所述相应的第一直通开口离开的所述输出光的至少一部分穿过所述两个第二直通开口而彼此干涉。所述多个干涉板被布置以使得当所述压力被施加在所述触摸位置处时所述导光板和所述光输出板的弯曲引起对应的干涉板的位置的改变。该系统还包括多个检测器，每个与所述多个干涉板中一个相应的干涉板相对地布置以用于接收从 所述相应的干涉板的两个第二直通开口离开的所述输出光的至少一部分。所述多个检测器中的每个被配置成检测所述输出光的强度分布的改变，所述强度分布的改变由与该检测器对应的干涉板的位置的改变引起，所述干涉板的位置的改变包括该干涉板距该检测器的距离的减小。该系统还包括控制器，可操作地连接至所述多个检测器并被配置成基于由所述多个检测器进行的检测来识别所述触摸事件。
在一些实施例中，所述第一直通开口和所述第二直通开口为通孔。
在一些实施例中，所述第一直通开口和所述第二直通开口为缝。
在一些实施例中，所述多个干涉板被组合成整体结构。
在一些实施例中，所述多个检测器被组合成整体结构。
在一些实施例中，所述多个检测器呈阵列分布。
在一些实施例中，所述多个检测器中的每个包括CMOS或CCD阵列。
在一些实施例中，所述光源子系统包括至少一个光源。
在一些实施例中，所述至少一个光源选自包括LED、激光二极管和VCSEL的组。
在一些实施例中，所述控制器被进一步配置成基于从哪个检测器或哪些检测器检测到所述强度分布的改变来识别所述触摸位置。
在一些实施例中，所述控制器被进一步配置成基于所述强度分布的改变的量值来识别所述压力的等级。
根据本发明的另一方面，提供了一种显示系统，包括：根据如上所述的压力感测触摸系统；以及显示面板，布置在所述导光板之上。所述触摸事件由施加在所述显示面板上的触摸位置处的压力引起。
在一些实施例中，所述光输出板是反射板。
在一些实施例中，所述显示系统进一步包括布置在所述导光板的所述上表面与所述显示面板之间的扩散板。
根据本发明的又另一方面，提供了一种识别由施加在触摸位置处的压力引起的触摸事件的方法。所述方法包括：在光输出板的多个第一直通开口处提供输出光。所述光输出板在所述压力被施加在所述触摸位置处时是可弯曲的。该方法还包括提供多个干涉板。每个干涉板具有其厚度方向上的两个第二直通开口并且与所述多个第一直通开口中一个相应的第一直通开口相对地布置，以使得从所述相应的第一直 通开口离开的所述输出光的至少一部分穿过所述两个第二直通开口而彼此干涉。该方法还包括：通过在所述触摸位置处施加所述压力来使所述光输出板弯曲，由此引起对应的干涉板的位置的改变；由检测器检测从所述对应的干涉板的两个第二直通开口离开的所述输出光的强度分布的改变，所述强度分布的改变由所述对应的干涉板的位置的改变引起，所述对应的干涉板的位置的改变包括该干涉板距该检测器的距离的减小；以及基于所检测的所述强度分布的改变识别所述触摸事件。
根据在下文中所描述的附图和实施例，本发明的这些和其它方面将是清楚明白的，并且将参考在下文中所描述的实施例而被阐明。
附图说明
图1A是示意性地示出根据本发明的实施例的压力感测触摸系统的结构的截面图；
图1B是示意性地示出根据本发明的实施例的压力感测触摸系统的结构的框图；
图2示出了当处于触摸事件时的如图1中所示的压力感测触摸系统的示意图；
图3示意性地示出了双缝干涉的原理；
图4是示意性地示出其中如图1所示的压力感测触摸系统与显示面板一起使用的显示系统的结构的截面图；并且
图5示出了当处于触摸事件时的如图4中所示的显示系统的示意图。
具体实施方式
以下结合附图对本发明的各实施例进行详细描述。将理解的是，尽管术语第一、第二、第三等等在本文中可以用来描述各种元件、部件、区、层和/或部分，但是这些元件、部件、区、层和/或部分不应当由这些术语限制。这些术语仅用来将一个元件、部件、区、层或部分与另一个区、层或部分相区分。因此，下面讨论的第一元件、部件、区、层或部分可以被称为第二元件、部件、区、层或部分而不偏离本发明的教导。
诸如“在...下面”、“在...之下”、“较下”、“在...下方”、“在...上方”、“较上”等等之类的空间相对术语在本文中可以为了便于描述而用来描述如图中所图示的一个元件或特征与另一个(些)元件或特征的关系。将理解的是，这些空间相对术语意图涵盖除了图中描绘的取向之外在使用或操作中的器件的不同取向。例如，如果翻转图中的器件，那么被描述为“在其他元件或特征之下”或“在其他元件或特征下面”或“在其他元件或特征下方”的元件将取向为“在其他元件或特征上方”。因此，示例性术语“在...之下”和“在...下方”可以涵盖在...上方和在...之下的取向两者。器件可以取向为其他方式(旋转90度或以其他取向)并且相应地解释本文中使用的空间相对描述符。
本文中使用的术语仅出于描述特定实施例的目的并且不意图限制本发明。如本文中使用的，单数形式“一个”、“一”和“该”意图也包括复数形式，除非上下文清楚地另有指示。将进一步理解的是，术语“包括”和/或“包含”当在本说明书中使用时指定所述及特征、整体、步骤、操作、元件和/或部件的存在，但不排除一个或多个其他特征、整体、步骤、操作、元件、部件和/或其群组的存在或添加一个或多个其他特征、整体、步骤、操作、元件、部件和/或其群组。如本文中使用的，术语“和/或”包括相关联的列出项目中的一个或多个的任意和全部组合。
将理解的是，当元件或层被称为“在另一个元件或层上”、“连接到另一个元件或层”、“耦合到另一个元件或层”或“邻近另一个元件或层”时，其可以直接在另一个元件或层上、直接连接到另一个元件或层、直接耦合到另一个元件或层或者直接邻近另一个元件或层，或者可以存在中间元件或层。相反，当元件被称为“直接在另一个元件或层上”、“直接连接到另一个元件或层”、“直接耦合到另一个元件或层”、“直接邻近另一个元件或层”时，没有中间元件或层存在。
除非另有定义，本文中使用的所有术语(包括技术术语和科学术语)具有与本发明所属领域的普通技术人员所通常理解的相同含义。将进一步理解的是，诸如那些在通常使用的字典中定义的之类的术语应当被解释为具有与其在相关领域和/或本说明书上下文中的含义相一 致的含义，并且将不在理想化或过于正式的意义上进行解释，除非本文中明确地如此定义。
图1A是示意性地示出根据本发明的实施例的压力感测触摸系统100的结构的截面图。压力感测触摸系统100可以单独地被用作触摸输入设备(例如，触摸板touchpad)或者与显示面板相组合地使用作为触摸屏(稍后讨论)。
如图所示，压力感测触摸系统100包括导光板103、光输出板104、光源子系统102、多个干涉板105、多个检测器106和控制器(未示出)。
导光板103具有上表面、下表面和至少一个入光面。导光板103可以是液晶显示器的背光模组中经常使用的导光部件。导光板103的示例包括由聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(PMMA)或聚碳酸酯(PC)材料制成的薄片。由于导光板103相对小的厚度，导光板103是可弯曲的，例如在其中一定量的压力被施加在触摸位置(例如，导光板103的上表面)处的触摸事件的情况下。
光输出板104布置在导光板103的下表面处并且具有其厚度方向上的多个第一直通开口107。光输出板104在所述压力被施加在所述触摸位置处时是可弯曲的。
光源子系统102布置在导光板103的至少一个入光面处并被配置成将光导入导光板103中以通过多个第一直通开口107提供输出光。在该示例中，光源子系统102可以包括至少一个光源。光源的示例包括LED、激光二极管、VCSEL等等。在一些实施例中，可以在导光板103的一个入光面处布置多个光源。在其他实施例中，可以在导光板103的不同入光面处分别布置多个光源。
在该示例中，压力感测触摸系统100包括多个干涉板105。每个干涉板105具有其厚度方向上的两个第二直通开口108，108’。多个干涉板108，108’中的每个与多个第一直通开口107中一个相应的第一直通开口相对地布置以使得从所述相应的第一直通开口离开的输出光的至少一部分穿过所述两个第二直通开口108，108’而彼此干涉。对于图1A所示的配置，输出光的干涉可以包括双孔干涉或者双缝干涉。在其中使用双孔干涉的实施例中，第一直通开口107和第二直通开口108，108’为孔。在其中使用双缝干涉的实施例中，第一直通开口107和第 二直通开口108，108’为缝(slit)。
另外，多个干涉板105被布置以使得当所述压力被施加在所述触摸位置处时导光板103和光输出板104的弯曲引起对应的干涉板105的位置的改变。在一些实施例中，干涉板105例如通过支撑部件(未示出)可以固定连接到光输出板104。这样，光输出板104的局部弯曲引起对应的一个或多个干涉板105的位移。支撑部件的示例可以是从干涉板105凸起并延伸到光输出板104(或者相反)的支柱。支撑部件的示例还可以是涂敷在干涉板105外围区域的胶水，该胶水被固化后提供干涉板105与光输出板104之间的空隙。支撑部件的其他示例包括粘附在干涉板105与光输出板104之间的垫片。
在一些实施例中，多个干涉板105可以被组合成整体结构。也即，多个干涉板105作为整体被合并成一个干涉板，其上仍然设置与多个第一直通开口107一一对应的多对第二直通开口108，108’。这对于干涉板的制造和安装是有利的。可以邻近每对第二直通开口108，108’设置相应的支撑部件，以使得光输出板104的不同部分的弯曲引起对应的一对或多对第二直通开口108，108’的位置的改变。
在该示例中，压力感测触摸系统100包括多个检测器106。每个检测器106与多个干涉板105中一个相应的干涉板相对地布置以用于接收从该相应的干涉板的两个第二直通开口108，108’离开的输出光的至少一部分。检测器106可以具有光感测表面，发生干涉的输出光被投射于其上以形成指示输出光的强度分布的干涉图案。具体地，检测器106可以具有光电二极管或各种其他类型的光电传感器。在一些实施例中，检测器106可以包括CMOS或CCD阵列，在该情况下所述干涉图案可以由检测器106成像并拾取。
如前所述，光输出板104(以及潜在地导光板103)的弯曲引起对应的干涉板105的位置的改变。例如，该干涉板105朝向检测器106移动以使得它们两者之间的距离减小。该减小的距离引起投射到检测器106的光感测表面上的干涉图案的变化，以使得由该检测器106所检测到的输出光的强度分布发生改变。多个检测器106中的每个被配置成检测所述输出光的强度分布的改变。
图1B是示意性地示出根据本发明的实施例的压力感测触摸系统100的结构的框图。如图1B所示，压力感测触摸系统100包括控制器 109，其可操作地连接至多个检测器106并被配置成基于由多个检测器106进行的检测来识别所述触摸事件。
联系以上和以下实施例而描述的识别触摸事件的功能性可以直接体现在控制器109中、由控制器109执行的软件模块中，或在这两者的组合中。软件模块可以驻留在诸如RAM存储器、闪速存储器、ROM存储器、EPROM存储器、EEPROM存储器、寄存器、硬盘、可移动盘或CD-ROM之类的存储器中。示例性存储介质耦合到控制器109，使得控制器109可以从该存储介质读取信息或者向该存储介质写入信息。在替换方案中，存储介质可以与控制器109成为一体。控制器109和存储介质可以驻留在ASIC中。
具体地，控制器109可以被配置成基于从哪个(些)检测器106检测到所述强度分布的改变来识别触摸位置。控制器109可以被进一步配置成基于所述强度分布的改变的量值来识别所述压力的等级。稍后将更详细地描述控制器109所执行的功能。
虽然多个检测器106在图1B中被图示为呈阵列布置，但是其他实施例是可能的。例如，多个检测器106可以被组合成整体结构，以使得它们的光感测表面被合并成一个完整的光感测表面。这对于检测器的制造和安装是有利的。在这种情况下，感光元件(例如CMOS或CCD单元)可以或可以不覆盖该完整光感测表面的全部区域。
图2示出了当处于触摸事件时的如图1中所示的压力感测触摸系统100的示意图。在该触摸事件中，用户通过触摸物体110(例如，手指或触笔)在触摸位置处按压导光板103的上表面。结果，导光板103和光输出板104的与该触摸位置对应的区域发生局部弯曲，这导致对应的干涉板105A的位置的改变。如前所述，所述改变引起投射到检测器106A的干涉图案的变化。
下面结合图3说明干涉图案如何随干涉板的位置的变化而变化。如图3所示，输出光由具有狭缝的挡板201提供，并且投射到具有两条狭缝的挡板202(干涉板)上。光波穿过两个狭缝后变成两个相干波源，它们发出的光在档板202后面的空间相互叠加，并且在屏幕203上形成干涉图案。在白光的情况下，干涉图案为具有不同颜色的条纹的排列。在单色光的情况下，干涉图案为明暗相间的多个条纹。
对于单色光，明条纹之间的间距计算如下：
Figure PCTCN2016086694-appb-000001
其中Δx为条纹间距，D为双缝到屏幕的水平距离，d为双缝间隔，并且λ为该单色光的波长。
对于白光而言，其可以被认为是不同波长的光的混合，在其中红光波长最长。因此，红光的干涉条纹间距最宽，使得最外面是红色条纹。中央条纹由不同波长光条纹混合，并且因此为白色。
不管哪种情况，当双缝到屏幕的距离减小时，条纹间距也相应地减小。在如图2所示的触摸事件中，干涉板105A与检测器106A之间的距离(即，D)减小，使得条纹间距Δx减小。也即，强度分布发生改变。可以基于所检测的所述强度分布的改变来识别所述触摸事件。在该示例中，响应于从检测器106A检测到所述强度分布的改变，控制器109可以确定导光板103的上表面上与检测器106A对应的区域为压力被施加的位置。换言之，所述强度分布的改变被与所述压力的施加相关联。
附加地，控制器109可以被配置成基于所述强度分布的改变的量值来识别所述压力的等级。这可以被称为“多级压力触控”，其中不同等级的压力可以触发不同的操作。压力的等级可以由条纹间距Δx的变化的量值来指示。
在一些实施例中，可以预先保存条纹间距Δx的变化的量值与压力的等级之间的对应关系，并且通过检测到的Δx的变化的量值来确定压力的等级。在一个实现方式中，当检测到的Δx处于第一范围内时，控制器109可以执行第一操作，并且当检测到的Δx处于第二范围内时，控制器109可以执行第二操作，诸如此类。换言之，所述强度分布的改变被与所述压力的施加相关联。
上文描述了压力感测触摸系统100单独地被用作触摸输入设备的实施例。下面结合图4描述其中压力感测触摸系统100与显示面板相组合地使用的实施例。
图4是示意性地示出其中如图1所示的压力感测触摸系统100与显示面板300一起使用的显示系统400的结构的截面图。该显示系统400可以被认为是一个触摸屏，其中显示面板300堆叠在压力感测触摸系统100之上。
通过示例的方式而非限制，显示面板300可以是液晶显示面板。在一些实施例中，显示面板300可以是基于OLED的显示面板。显示面板300的示例还可以包括柔性显示面板。在液晶显示面板的情况下，压力感测触摸系统100可以被认为是液晶显示器的背光模组。在该背光模组中，光输出板104是反射板。如已知的，扩散板(未示出)可以被布置在导光板103的上表面与显示面板300之间。
图5示出了当处于触摸事件时的如图4中所示的显示系统400的示意图。显示面板300具有相对小的厚度(例如，几毫米或甚至更小)，以使得其当压力被施加在显示面板300上的触摸位置处时发生弯曲。显示面板300的弯曲将引起导光板103的弯曲，并且最终将引起干涉板105的位置的改变。
在该触摸事件中，用户通过触摸物体110(例如，手指或触笔)在触摸位置处按压显示面板300的表面。结果，对应的干涉板105B的位置将改变，并且投射到检测器106B的干涉图案将相应地变化。识别该触摸事件的过程与上文联系图2描述的示例类似，并且因此在此不再详细描述。
鉴于前面的描述并结合阅读附图，对前述本发明的示例性实施例的各种修改和改动对于相关领域的技术人员可以变得显而易见。任何和所有修改仍将落入本发明的非限制性和示例性实施例的范围内。此外，属于本发明的这些实施例所属领域的技术人员，在得益于前面的描述和相关附图所给出的教导后，将会想到在此描述的本发明的其他实施例。
因此，应当理解，本发明的实施例并不限于所公开的特定实施例，并且修改和其他的实施例也意图被包含在所附权利要求书的范围内。尽管此处使用了特定术语，但是它们仅在通用和描述性意义上使用，而非为了限制的目的。

Claims (15)

  1. 一种用于识别由施加在触摸位置处的压力引起的触摸事件的压力感测触摸系统，包括：
    导光板，具有上表面、下表面和至少一个入光面；
    光输出板，布置在所述下表面处且具有其厚度方向上的多个第一直通开口，其中所述导光板和所述光输出板在所述压力被施加在所述触摸位置处时是可弯曲的；
    光源子系统，布置在所述至少一个入光面处并被配置成将光导入所述导光板中以通过所述多个第一直通开口提供输出光；
    多个干涉板，每个具有其厚度方向上的两个第二直通开口，其中所述多个干涉板中的每个与所述多个第一直通开口中一个相应的第一直通开口相对地布置以使得从所述相应的第一直通开口离开的所述输出光的至少一部分穿过所述两个第二直通开口而彼此干涉，并且其中所述多个干涉板被布置以使得当所述压力被施加在所述触摸位置处时所述导光板和所述光输出板的弯曲引起对应的干涉板的位置的改变；
    多个检测器，每个与所述多个干涉板中一个相应的干涉板相对地布置以用于接收从所述相应的干涉板的两个第二直通开口离开的所述输出光的至少一部分，其中所述多个检测器中的每个被配置成检测所述输出光的强度分布的改变，所述强度分布的改变由与该检测器对应的干涉板的位置的改变引起，所述干涉板的位置的改变包括该干涉板距该检测器的距离的减小；以及
    控制器，可操作地连接至所述多个检测器并被配置成基于由所述多个检测器进行的检测来识别所述触摸事件。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的压力感测触摸系统，其中所述第一直通开口和所述第二直通开口为通孔。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的压力感测触摸系统，其中所述第一直通开口和所述第二直通开口为缝。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的压力感测触摸系统，其中所述多个干涉板被组合成整体结构。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的压力感测触摸系统，其中所述多个检测器被组合成整体结构。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的压力感测触摸系统，其中所述多个检测器呈阵列分布。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的压力感测触摸系统，其中所述多个检测器中的每个包括CMOS或CCD阵列。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的压力感测触摸系统，其中所述光源子系统包括至少一个光源。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的压力感测触摸系统，所述至少一个光源选自包括LED、激光二极管和VCSEL的组。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的压力感测触摸系统，其中所述控制器被进一步配置成基于从哪个检测器或哪些检测器检测到所述强度分布的改变来识别所述触摸位置。
  11. 根据权利要求1所述的压力感测触摸系统，其中所述控制器被进一步配置成基于所述强度分布的改变的量值来识别所述压力的等级。
  12. 一种显示系统，包括：
    根据权利要求1-11中任一项所述的压力感测触摸系统；以及
    显示面板，布置在所述导光板之上，
    其中所述触摸事件由施加在所述显示面板上的触摸位置处的压力引起。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的显示系统，其中所述光输出板是反射板。
  14. 根据权利要求12所述的显示系统，进一步包括布置在所述导光板的所述上表面与所述显示面板之间的扩散板。
  15. 一种识别由施加在触摸位置处的压力引起的触摸事件的方法，包括：
    在光输出板的多个第一直通开口处提供输出光，其中所述光输出板在所述压力被施加在所述触摸位置处时是可弯曲的；
    提供多个干涉板，其中每个干涉板具有其厚度方向上的两个第二直通开口并且与所述多个第一直通开口中一个相应的第一直通开口相对地布置，以使得从所述相应的第一直通开口离开的所述输出光的至少一部分穿过所述两个第二直通开口而彼此干涉；
    通过在所述触摸位置处施加所述压力来使所述光输出板弯曲，由 此引起对应的干涉板的位置的改变；
    由检测器检测从所述对应的干涉板的两个第二直通开口离开的所述输出光的强度分布的改变，所述强度分布的改变由所述对应的干涉板的位置的改变引起，所述对应的干涉板的位置的改变包括该干涉板距该检测器的距离的减小；以及
    基于所检测的所述强度分布的改变识别所述触摸事件。
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