WO2017147007A1 - Systèmes et procédés de partage et de visualisation de profils de véhicule pour trouver un véhicule à suivre - Google Patents

Systèmes et procédés de partage et de visualisation de profils de véhicule pour trouver un véhicule à suivre Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017147007A1
WO2017147007A1 PCT/US2017/018320 US2017018320W WO2017147007A1 WO 2017147007 A1 WO2017147007 A1 WO 2017147007A1 US 2017018320 W US2017018320 W US 2017018320W WO 2017147007 A1 WO2017147007 A1 WO 2017147007A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
vehicle
route
follower
follow
sensor capability
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US2017/018320
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English (en)
Inventor
Mikko Tarkiainen
Jussi RONKAINEN
Marko Palviainen
Jani Mantyjarvi
Original Assignee
Pcms Holdings, Inc.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Pcms Holdings, Inc. filed Critical Pcms Holdings, Inc.
Publication of WO2017147007A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017147007A1/fr

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08G—TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
    • G08G1/00—Traffic control systems for road vehicles
    • G08G1/22—Platooning, i.e. convoy of communicating vehicles

Definitions

  • Vehicles that are otherwise identical to one another may differ in other respects. For example, one vehicle on a road may be preparing to decelerate to turn off the road, while another vehicle on the road may be following a route that continues straight for a longer distance.
  • Exemplary systems and methods described herein operate to assist a driver by collecting information regarding other vehicles in the vicinity, such as information on the route being followed by those other vehicles and information on the safety equipment operating in those other vehicles.
  • a system provides a recommendation to the driver to follow a particular one of those other vehicles. Such a recommendation may be made, for example, in response to identifying another vehicle that is following a similar route as the driver and that has safety equipment that is better in some respect than the equipment of the driver's vehicle.
  • Described herein are systems and methods for sharing and visualizing vehicle profiles to allow a driver to select a vehicle to follow.
  • drivers In increasingly congested modern roads, drivers often find that they are required to follow closely behind one vehicle or another. The possibility of chain-reaction accidents makes it desirable to follow a vehicle that will be driven safely relative to other vehicles on the road. Similarly, the confusing nature of many routes— and the possibility of unexpected turns— makes it desirable to follow a vehicle that is traveling along generally the same route as one's own.
  • Systems and methods disclosed herein provide drivers with information that they can use to select a particular vehicle to follow behind. Exemplary systems and methods disclosed herein to identify one or more vehicles that would be advantageous for a driver to follow. Exemplary systems and methods further operate to identify to a driver one or more of those identified vehicles to follow.
  • the method comprises receiving, from each vehicle of a plurality of nearby vehicles, information regarding respective vehicle route and vehicle sensor capabilities; based on the received information, determining whether (i) at least one vehicle sensor capability of a first vehicle in the plurality of nearby vehicles exceeds a corresponding sensor capability of a follower vehicle, and whether (ii) the route of the first vehicle comprises at least a portion of a planned route of the follower vehicle; and in response to the determination, causing the follower vehicle to follow the first vehicle for the portion of the route.
  • FIG. 1A depicts an example communications system in which one or more disclosed embodiments may be implemented.
  • FIG. IB depicts an example electronic device that may be used within the communications system of FIG. 1A.
  • FIG. 1C depicts an example network entity 190, that may be used within the communication system 100 of FIG. 1A.
  • FIG. 2A depicts a method, in accordance with an embodiment.
  • FIG. 2B depicts a method, in accordance with an embodiment.
  • FIG. 2C depicts a method, in accordance with an embodiment.
  • FIG. 3 depicts a system architecture, in accordance with an embodiment.
  • FIG. 4 depicts a communication flow diagram, in accordance with an embodiment.
  • FIG. 5A depicts an example calculation of a vehicle profile index, in accordance with an embodiment.
  • FIG. 5B depicts an example calculation of a vehicle following index, in accordance with an embodiment.
  • FIG. 6A depicts an overhead view of a roadway, in accordance with an embodiment.
  • FIG. 6B depicts an example visualization of a vehicle profile index, in accordance with an embodiment.
  • FIG. 6C depicts a user interface, in accordance with an embodiment.
  • FIG. 7 depicts a communication flow diagram, in accordance with an embodiment.
  • FIG. 8 depicts a method, in accordance with an embodiment.
  • FIG. 1A is a diagram of an example communications system 100 in which one or more disclosed embodiments may be implemented.
  • the communications system 100 may be a multiple access system that provides content, such as voice, data, video, messaging, broadcast, and the like, to multiple wireless users and wireless electronic devices.
  • the communications system 100 may enable multiple wired and wireless users to access such content through the sharing of system resources, including wired and wireless bandwidth.
  • the communications systems 100 may employ one or more channel-access methods, such as code division multiple access (CDMA), time division multiple access (TDMA), frequency division multiple access (FDMA), orthogonal FDMA (OFDMA), single-carrier FDMA (SC-FDMA), Vehicle-to-Infrastructure (V2I), Vehicle-to- Vehicle (V2V), Vehicle-to- Vehicle and Vehicle-to- Infrastructure (V2X), Dedicated Short-Range Communications (DSRC), and the like.
  • the communications systems 100 may also employ one or more wired communications standards (e.g. : Ethernet, DSL, radio frequency (RF) over coaxial cable, fiber optics, USB, and the like.
  • wired communications standards e.g. : Ethernet, DSL, radio frequency (RF) over coaxial cable, fiber optics, USB, and the like.
  • the communications system 100 may include electronic devices 102a, 102b, 102c, and/or 102d, Radio Access Networks (RAN) 103/104/105, a core network 106/107/109, a public switched telephone network (PSTN) 108, the Internet 110, and other networks 112, and communication links 115A/116A/117A, 115B/116B/117B, 115C/116C/117C, 119C, 119D, 121, and 123, though it will be appreciated that the disclosed embodiments contemplate any number of electronic devices, communication enabled automobiles, base stations, networks, and/or network elements.
  • RAN Radio Access Networks
  • PSTN public switched telephone network
  • Each of the electronic devices 102a, 102b, 102c, 102d may be any type of device configured to operate and/or communicate in a wired or wireless environment.
  • the electronic device 102a is depicted as a tablet computer or smart phone
  • the electronic device 102b is depicted as a smart phone
  • the electronic devices 102c and 102d are depicted as automobiles equipped with communication technology.
  • the communications systems 100 may also include a base station 114a and a base station 114b.
  • Each of the base stations 114a, 114b may be any type of device configured to wirelessly interface with at least one of the electronic devices 102a, 102b, 102c, 102d to facilitate access to one or more communication networks, such as the core network 106/107/109, the Internet 110, and/or the networks 112.
  • the base stations 114a and 114b may be a base transceiver station (BTS), a Node-B, an eNode B, a Home Node B, a Home eNode B, a site controller, an access point (AP), a wireless router, a V2I base station, and the like. While the base stations 114a and 114b are each depicted as a single element, it will be appreciated that the base stations 114a and 114b may include any number of interconnected base stations and/or network elements.
  • BTS base transceiver station
  • AP access point
  • V2I base station V2I base station
  • the base station 114a may be part of the RAN 103/104/105, which may also include other base stations and/or network elements (not shown), such as a base station controller (BSC), a radio network controller (RNC), relay nodes, and the like.
  • the base station 114a and/or the base station 114b may be configured to transmit and/or receive wireless signals within a particular geographic region, which may be referred to as a cell (not shown).
  • the cell may further be divided into sectors.
  • the cell associated with the base station 114a may be divided into three sectors.
  • the base station 114a may include three transceivers, i.e., one for each sector of the cell.
  • the base station 114a may employ multiple-input multiple output (MIMO) technology and, therefore, may utilize multiple transceivers for each sector of the cell.
  • MIMO multiple-input multiple output
  • the base stations 114a and 114b may communicate with one or more of the electronic devices 102a, 102b, 102c, and 102d over an air interface 115/116/117(A-C), or communication link 119C or 119D, which may be any suitable wired or wireless communication link (e.g., radio frequency (RF), microwave, infrared (IR), ultraviolet (UV), visible light, and the like).
  • the air interface 115/116/117 may be established using any suitable radio access technology (RAT).
  • RAT radio access technology
  • the communications system 100 may be a multiple access system and may employ one or more channel-access schemes, such as CDMA, TDMA, FDMA, OFDMA, SC-FDMA, and the like.
  • the base station 114a in the RAN 103/104/105 and the electronic devices 102a, 102b, 102c may implement a radio technology such as Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) Terrestrial Radio Access (UTRA), which may establish the air interface 115/116/117 using wideband CDMA (WCDMA).
  • WCDMA may include communication protocols such as High-Speed Packet Access (HSPA) and/or Evolved HSPA (HSPA+).
  • HSPA may include High-Speed Downlink Packet Access (HSDPA) and/or High-Speed Uplink Packet Access (HSUPA).
  • the base station 114a and the electronic devices 102a, 102b, and 102c may implement a radio technology such as Evolved UMTS Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA), which may establish the air interface 115/116/117 using Long Term Evolution (LTE) and/or LTE-Advanced (LTE-A).
  • E-UTRA Evolved UMTS Terrestrial Radio Access
  • LTE Long Term Evolution
  • LTE-A LTE-Advanced
  • the base station 114a and the electronic devices 102a, 102b, and 102c may implement radio technologies such as IEEE 802.16 (i.e., Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access (WiMAX)), CDMA2000, CDMA2000 IX, CDMA2000 EV-DO, Interim Standard 2000 (IS-2000), Interim Standard 95 (IS-95), Interim Standard 856 (IS-856), Global System for Mobile communications (GSM), Enhanced Data rates for GSM Evolution (EDGE), GSM EDGE (GERAN), and the like.
  • IEEE 802.16 i.e., Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access (WiMAX)
  • CDMA2000, CDMA2000 IX, CDMA2000 EV-DO Code Division Multiple Access 2000
  • IS-95 Interim Standard 95
  • IS-856 Interim Standard 856
  • GSM Global System for Mobile communications
  • GSM Global System for Mobile communications
  • EDGE Enhanced Data rates for GSM Evolution
  • GERAN GSM EDGERAN
  • the base station 114b in FIG. 1A may be a wired router, a wireless router, Home
  • Node B, Home eNode B, an access point, or a V2I base station may utilize any suitable wired transmission standard or RAT for facilitating wireless connectivity in a localized area, such as a place of business, a home, a vehicle, a campus, along a roadway, and the like.
  • the base station 114b and the electronic devices 102c and 102d may implement a radio technology such as IEEE 802.11 to establish a wireless local area network (WLAN).
  • the base station 114b and the electronic devices 102c and 102d may implement a radio technology such as IEEE 802.15 to establish a wireless personal area network (WPAN).
  • WLAN wireless local area network
  • WPAN wireless personal area network
  • the base station 114b and the electronic devices 102c and 102d may utilize a cellular-based RAT (e.g., WCDMA, CDMA2000, GSM, LTE, LTE-A, and the like) to establish a picocell or femtocell.
  • the base station 114b communicates with electronic devices 102a, 102b, 102c, and 102d through communication links 119.
  • the base station 114b and the electronic devices 102c and 102d may implement a V2I communication technology. As shown in FIG. 1A, the base station 114b may have a direct connection to the Internet 110. Thus, the base station 114b may not be required to access the Internet 110 via the core network 106/107/109.
  • the RAN 103/104/105 may be in communication with the core network 106/107/109, which may be any type of network configured to provide voice, data, applications, and/or voice over internet protocol (VoIP) services to one or more of the electronic devices 102a, 102b, 102c, 102d.
  • the core network 106/107/109 may provide call control, billing services, mobile location-based services, pre-paid calling, Internet connectivity, video distribution, and the like, and/or perform high-level security functions, such as user authentication.
  • the RAN 103/104/105 and/or the core network 106/107/109 may be in direct or indirect communication with other RANs that employ the same RAT as the RAN 103/104/105 or a different RAT.
  • the core network 106/107/109 may also be in communication with another RAN (not shown) employing a GSM radio technology.
  • the core network 106/107/109 may also serve as a gateway for the electronic devices 102a, 102b, 102c, 102d to access the PSTN 108, the Internet 110, and/or other networks 112.
  • the PSTN 108 may include circuit-switched telephone networks that provide plain old telephone service (POTS).
  • POTS plain old telephone service
  • the Internet 110 may include a global system of interconnected computer networks and devices that use common communication protocols, such as the transmission control protocol (TCP), user datagram protocol (UDP) and IP in the TCP/IP Internet protocol suite.
  • the networks 112 may include wired and/or wireless communications networks owned and/or operated by other service providers.
  • the networks 112 may include another core network connected to one or more RANs, which may employ the same RAT as the RAN 103/104/105 or a different RAT.
  • the electronic devices 102B and 102C may be in communication via a communication link 121.
  • the communication link 121 may be a WiFi connection, a Bluetooth connection, a wired USB connection and the like.
  • the electronic devices 102C and 102D may be in communication via a communication link 123.
  • the communication link 123 may be a V2V communication interface or a DSRC communication interface utilizing, for example, IEEE 802. l ip.
  • the vehicles may be equipped with a vehicle communication bus (e.g., a Controller Area Network (CAN) bus that is communicatively couple with the communication links 121 and 123 to provide dynamic vehicle data.
  • CAN Controller Area Network
  • the electronic devices 102a, 102b, 102c, and 102d in the communications system 100 may include multi-mode capabilities, i.e., the electronic devices 102a, 102b, 102c, and 102d may include multiple transceivers for communicating with different wired or wireless networks over different communication links.
  • the electronic device 102c shown in FIG. 1 A may be configured to communicate with the base station 114a via a cellular-based radio technology over communication link 115-117C, with the base station 114b via a V2I radio technology over communication link 119C, with the electronic device 102B via a Bluetooth technology over communication link 121, and with electronic device 102D via a V2V communication technology over communication link 123.
  • FIG. IB depicts an example electronic device that may be used within the communications system of FIG. 1A.
  • FIG. IB is a system diagram of an example electronic device 102.
  • the electronic device 102 may include a processor 118, a transceiver 120, a transmit/receive element 122, a speaker/microphone 124, a keypad 126, a display/touchpad 128, a non-removable memory 130, a removable memory 132, a power source 134, a global positioning system (GPS) chipset 136, and other peripherals 138.
  • GPS global positioning system
  • the electronic device 102 may represent any of the electronic devices 102a, 102b, 102c, and 102d, and include any sub-combination of the foregoing elements while remaining consistent with an embodiment.
  • the base stations 114a and 114b, and/or the nodes that base stations 114a and 114b may represent, such as but not limited to transceiver station (BTS), a Node-B, a site controller, an access point (AP), a home node-B, an evolved home node-B (eNodeB), a home evolved node-B (HeNB), a home evolved node-B gateway, and proxy nodes, among others, may include some or all of the elements depicted in FIG. IB and described herein.
  • BTS transceiver station
  • AP access point
  • eNodeB evolved home node-B
  • HeNB home evolved node-B gateway
  • proxy nodes among others, may include some or all of the elements depicted in FIG. IB and described herein
  • the processor 118 may be a general purpose processor, a special purpose processor, a conventional processor, a digital signal processor (DSP), a plurality of microprocessors, one or more microprocessors in association with a DSP core, a controller, a microcontroller,
  • DSP digital signal processor
  • the processor 118 may perform signal coding, data processing, power control, input/output processing, and/or any other functionality that enables the electronic device 102 to operate in a wired or wireless environment.
  • the processor 118 may be coupled to the transceiver 120, which may be coupled to the transmit/receive element 122. While FIG. IB depicts the processor 118 and the transceiver 120 as separate components, it will be appreciated that the processor 118 and the transceiver 120 may be integrated together in an electronic package or chip.
  • the transmit/receive element 122 may be configured to transmit signals to, or receive signals from, a base station (e.g., the base station 114a) over the air interface 115/116/117, communication links 119, 121, and 123.
  • the transmit/receive element 122 may be an antenna configured to transmit and/or receive RF signals.
  • the transmit/receive element 122 may be an emitter/detector configured to transmit and/or receive IR, UV, or visible light signals, as examples.
  • the transmit/receive element 122 may be configured to transmit and receive both RF and light signals.
  • the transmit/receive element may be a wired communication port, such as an Ethernet port. It will be appreciated that the transmit/receive element 122 may be configured to transmit and/or receive any combination of wired or wireless signals.
  • the transmit/receive element 122 is depicted in FIG. IB as a single element, the electronic device 102 may include any number of transmit/receive elements 122. More specifically, the electronic device 102 may employ MIMO technology. Thus, in one embodiment, the electronic device 102 may include two or more transmit/receive elements 122 (e.g., multiple antennas) for transmitting and receiving wireless signals over the air interface 115/116/117.
  • the transceiver 120 may be configured to modulate the signals that are to be transmitted by the transmit/receive element 122 and to demodulate the signals that are received by the transmit/receive element 122.
  • the electronic device 102 may have multi- mode capabilities.
  • the transceiver 120 may include multiple transceivers for enabling the electronic device 102 to communicate via multiple RATs, such as UTRA and IEEE 802.11, as examples.
  • the processor 118 of the electronic device 102 may be coupled to, and may receive user input data from, the speaker/microphone 124, the keypad 126, and/or the display/touchpad
  • the processor 118 may also output user data to the speaker/microphone 124, the keypad 126, and/or the display/touchpad 128.
  • the processor 118 may access information from, and store data in, any type of suitable memory, such as the non-removable memory 130 and/or the removable memory 132.
  • the non-removable memory 130 may include random-access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), a hard disk, or any other type of memory storage device.
  • the removable memory 132 may include a subscriber identity module (SIM) card, a memory stick, a secure digital (SD) memory card, and the like.
  • SIM subscriber identity module
  • SD secure digital
  • the processor 118 may access information from, and store data in, memory that is not physically located on the electronic device 102, such as on a server or a home computer (not shown).
  • the processor 118 may receive power from the power source 134, and may be configured to distribute and/or control the power to the other components in the electronic device 102.
  • the power source 134 may be any suitable device for powering the electronic device 102.
  • the power source 134 may include one or more dry cell batteries (e.g., nickel- cadmium (NiCd), nickel-zinc (NiZn), nickel metal hydride (NiMH), lithium-ion (Li-ion), and the like), solar cells, fuel cells, a wall outlet and the like.
  • the processor 118 may also be coupled to the GPS chipset 136, which may be configured to provide location information (e.g., longitude and latitude) regarding the current location of the electronic device 102.
  • location information e.g., longitude and latitude
  • the electronic device 102 may receive location information over the air interface 115/116/117 from a base station (e.g., base stations 114a, 114b) and/or determine its location based on the timing of the signals being received from two or more nearby base stations. It will be appreciated that the electronic device 102 may acquire location information by way of any suitable location-determination method while remaining consistent with an embodiment. In accordance with an embodiment, the electronic device 102 does not comprise a GPS chipset and does not acquire location information.
  • the processor 118 may further be coupled to other peripherals 138, which may include one or more software and/or hardware modules that provide additional features, functionality and/or wired or wireless connectivity.
  • the peripherals 138 may include an accelerometer, an e-compass, a satellite transceiver, a digital camera (for photographs or video), a universal serial bus (USB) port, a vibration device, a television transceiver, a hands free headset, a Bluetooth® module, a frequency modulated (FM) radio unit, a digital music player, a media player, a video game player module, an Internet browser, a thermometer, a barometer, an altimeter, an air sampler, a light detector, an accelerometer, a compass, a humidity detector, and the like.
  • FM frequency modulated
  • FIG. 1C depicts an example network entity 190 that may be used within the communication system 100 of FIG. 1A.
  • network entity 190 includes a communication interface 192, a processor 194, and non-transitory data storage 196, all of which are communicatively linked by a bus, network, or other communication path 198.
  • Communication interface 192 may include one or more wired communication interfaces and/or one or more wireless-communication interfaces. With respect to wired communication, communication interface 192 may include one or more interfaces such as Ethernet interfaces, as an example. With respect to wireless communication, communication interface 192 may include components such as one or more antennae, one or more transceivers/chipsets designed and configured for one or more types of wireless (e.g., LTE) communication, and/or any other components deemed suitable by those of skill in the relevant art. And further with respect to wireless communication, communication interface 192 may be equipped at a scale and with a configuration appropriate for acting on the network side— as opposed to the client side— of wireless communications (e.g., LTE communications, Wi-Fi communications, and the like). Thus, communication interface 192 may include the appropriate equipment and circuitry (perhaps including multiple transceivers) for serving multiple mobile stations, UEs, or other access terminals in a coverage area.
  • wireless communication interface 192 may include the appropriate equipment and circuitry (perhaps including multiple transceivers)
  • Processor 194 may include one or more processors of any type deemed suitable by those of skill in the relevant art, some examples including a general-purpose microprocessor and a dedicated DSP.
  • Data storage 196 may take the form of any non-transitory computer-readable medium or combination of such media, some examples including flash memory, read-only memory (ROM), and random-access memory (RAM) to name but a few, as any one or more types of non- transitory data storage deemed suitable by those of skill in the relevant art could be used.
  • data storage 196 contains program instructions 197 executable by processor 194 for carrying out various combinations of the various network-entity functions described herein.
  • the network-entity functions described herein are carried out by a network entity having a structure similar to that of network entity 190 of FIG. 1C. In some embodiments, one or more of such functions are carried out by a set of multiple network entities in combination, where each network entity has a structure similar to that of network entity 190 of
  • network entity 190 is— or at least includes— one or more of the encoders, one or more of (one or more entities in) RAN 103, (one or more entities in) RAN 104, (one or more entities in) RAN 105, (one or more entities in) core network 106, (one or more entities in) core network 107, (one or more entities in) core network 109, base station 114a, base station 114b, Node-B 140a, Node-B 140b, Node-B 140c, RNC 142a, RNC 142b, MGW 144, MSC 146, SGSN 148, GGSN 150, eNode-B 160a, eNode-B 160b, eNode-B 160c, MME 162, serving gateway 164, PDN gateway 166, base station 180a, base station 180b, base station 180c, ASN gateway 182, MIP-HA 184, AAA 186, and gateway 188.
  • other network entity 190 is— or at least includes—
  • FIG. 2A depicts a method for identifying a vehicle to follow, in accordance with an embodiment.
  • FIG. 2A depicts the method 200.
  • the method 200 is a method to calculate a vehicle profile index and includes determining a vehicle authority data score at 202, determining static and dynamic vehicle features scores at 204, determining vehicle feature status WEIGHTS at 206, determining user preference factors at 208, determining road conditions factors at 210, and calculating a vehicle index at 212.
  • the method 200 is performed on a set of vehicles (e.g. cars).
  • the set of cars may be bound by cars in direct communication via a V2V communication connection, all cars that subscribe to a vehicle profile sharing application, cars that are within a visual range, cars traveling a similar route as the user requesting the vehicle profile method to be performed, or other similar sets of cars.
  • the methods disclosed herein are calculated for each car in the set.
  • the vehicle authority data portion of the score is determined.
  • the vehicle authority data comprises information regarding records of the car, such as insurance data, inspections, registration status, official safety ratings, and the like.
  • the vehicle authority data may also include information from a police system Application Program Interface (API).
  • API Application Program Interface
  • the vehicle authority data portion of the score is a score between 0 and 100, with 100 indicating that all records are in order, or satisfactory, and a 0 indicating none of the records are in order, or unsatisfactory.
  • step 204 static and dynamic vehicle features scores are determined. A number of points for each vehicle feature on an example scale of zero (0) to ten (10) are given. The vehicle features are based on an estimation of the impact of the feature for safety of the vehicle.
  • Example static and dynamic vehicle capabilities include intelligent sensors and systems related to safety, eco-driving and emissions, intelligent transportation system (ITS) and telematics services, automated driving (e.g. automation level and current driving mode), wear and tear aspects such as tire or windscreen conditions.
  • ITS intelligent transportation system
  • telematics services e.g. automation level and current driving mode
  • wear and tear aspects such as tire or windscreen conditions.
  • the statuses of the vehicle features are determined and weighted.
  • a feature that is in proper working condition and activated receives a full weighted value of 1.0, whereas a feature that is degraded receives 0.5, and a feature that is out of service receives 0.0.
  • the user's preferences for the various factors are determined. Similar to the status weights determined at step 206, the features that are desired by a user requesting a vehicle profile score are ranked on a scale of 0.0 to 1.0, with 1.0 being the weight assigned for the most desired features and 0.0 being the least desired weighting value, in one embodiment.
  • a user may not need to evaluate each feature individually, but may select features by category.
  • a user may desire features that promote safety while traveling on a highway, and vehicle features associated with safe highway driving, such as anti-lock brakes, adaptive cruise control, lane departure warning, and the like would receive a 1.0 rating, whereas an automated parallel parking feature would receive a 0.0 rating as it is not related to promoting safe travel along a highway. Additional categories could include preferences for vehicles with low emissions, high top speeds, automated driving levels, mobility and efficient traveling, and the like.
  • road condition factors are determined.
  • Each vehicle feature is evaluated against current road weather and driving environment data and ranking weight (e.g. between 0.0 and 1.0) is provided for each feature utilized in the index calculation. For example, if the vehicle is traveling on a highway, the weight of urban safety features, such as a pedestrian sensor, are lower. Similarly, features like road friction monitoring receive a low weight and headlights receive a high weight for vehicles traveling during summer on dry roads at night.
  • a dynamic road condition factor is a determination that it is night time, and a vehicle safety feature of a night vision system includes a higher weight.
  • accident records or history along a route are compared with vehicle safety features.
  • Each vehicle feature is evaluated against accident data for the route and a ranking weight, between 0.0 and 1.0, is provided for each feature which is utilized in the index calculation.
  • a vehicle profile index is calculated.
  • the calculation of the vehicle profile index accounts for the scores and weights determined in the steps 202-210.
  • a scaled score for each of the vehicles in the set is determined.
  • the vehicle profile index may be used to determine at least one vehicle sensor capability of another vehicle in a plurality of nearby vehicles exceeds a corresponding sensor capability of the follower vehicle that is searching for vehicles other suitable vehicles to follow.
  • FIG. 2B depicts a method, in accordance with an embodiment.
  • FIG. 2B depicts the method 220.
  • the method 220 includes performing the vehicle profile index method 200, described with FIG. 2A, and visualizing the vehicle profiling index scores at step 222.
  • the vehicle profile index scores are displayed to a user.
  • the visualization and display may be in the form of augmented reality, or a vehicle's human-machine interface (UMI).
  • UMI vehicle's human-machine interface
  • other vehicles with a vehicle profile index above a threshold are highlighted in a first color
  • other vehicles with a vehicle profile index below a threshold are highlighted in a second color.
  • a graduated scale of colors is used to visualize the vehicle profile indexes.
  • the vehicle profile index may also be communicated audibly to the user, by example, playing a tone or speech that is correlated to the vehicle profile index when in close proximity to the associated vehicle.
  • FIG. 2C depicts a method, in accordance with an embodiment.
  • FIG. 2C depicts the method 240 for selecting a vehicle to follow.
  • the method 240 includes performing the vehicle profile index method 200, described with FIG. 2A, calculating a vehicle route score at step 242, determining user preference factors at step 244, and initiating a vehicle following procedure at step 246.
  • the vehicle route score is calculated. Calculating the vehicle route score matches the routes of the vehicles traveling nearby to a planned route of the follower vehicle.
  • the vehicle route may be used to determine whether the route of the other vehicles match the planned route of the follower vehicle.
  • Other vehicles that are traveling exactly along the same route as the user's vehicle planned route receive a full score, for example, a 100 on a scale of 0 to 100, whereas a car traveling in the opposite direction as the user's vehicle would receive a 0.
  • the vehicle route score may be reduced if the other vehicle is only traveling along the user's route for a short period, displays indications of an impending stop that is not on the user's itinerary, and the like.
  • the user's preferences are considered.
  • the user's preferences may be entered manually or automatically.
  • One example of a user preference is a user interacting with the vehicle's user interface (UI) to select following low emission vehicles.
  • UI vehicle's user interface
  • the user's own vehicle is monitored for a fault, and a preference is set for following a vehicle that does not have the same fault or similar fault for a sensor of the same modality.
  • a user's diagnostic services on an automobile detects that the vehicle's road friction monitoring feature is malfunctioning and automatically adds a preference to follow a car that has an operational safety sensor of the same modality, an operational road friction safety feature.
  • Each feature that the user prefers receives a score, e.g. on a scale of 0 to 10.
  • vehicle following is initiated.
  • a vehicle-following index is calculated by first retrieving the vehicle profile index calculated at step 200, and modifying the vehicle profile index with the route score (step 242) and the user preferences (step 244).
  • the other vehicles in the set that have the highest vehicle following indexes are suitable to follow.
  • a separate negotiations and communication procedure may occur between the user and the other vehicle with the high vehicle following index.
  • the vehicle-following index is compared to a threshold value to determine whether or not to follow the other vehicle.
  • portions of the visualization method 220 may be used in the vehicle following method 240.
  • the vehicle following method 240 For example, only the single vehicle in the set of other vehicles with the highest vehicle following index, and a successfully completed negotiation, is highlighted in the augmented reality Heads-Up-Display (HUD) of the user's vehicle.
  • the user's vehicle has the capability of autonomously driving and following the single vehicle.
  • causing the following vehicle to follow the single vehicle comprises providing audible alerts to the driver of the following vehicle.
  • initiating vehicle following causes the follower vehicle to follow the selected vehicle.
  • Causing the follower vehicle to follow the selected vehicle may comprise the follower vehicle autonomously driving and following the selected vehicle, providing a visual indication, for example via a heads-up display or via a light indication, of the selected vehicle to the driver of the following vehicle, providing audible alerts, such as playing a tone following the selected vehicle or voice prompts.
  • FIG. 3 depicts a system architecture, in accordance with an embodiment.
  • the system architecture 300 includes a first vehicle 302, a second vehicle 318, a backend service 312, communication networks 310, APIs 314, and local communication networks 316.
  • service level components are depicted above the dashed line and device-level components of the system architecture are depicted below the dashed line.
  • Each of the first and second vehicles (302 and 318) includes a primary terminal that includes a vehicle profiling application, (304 and 320, respectively).
  • the vehicle profiling applications are computers configured to perform various functions.
  • the vehicle profiling application may be a computer terminal integrated into the vehicle or a mobile application on a smart phone, or a combination of a computer terminal and smart phone, in some embodiments.
  • One function of the vehicle profiling application includes detecting changes in the dynamic vehicle conditions.
  • dynamic vehicle conditions include an in-vehicle system or safety feature of the vehicle malfunctioning, or the vehicle detecting a change in weather conditions.
  • the vehicle profiling application may also be configured request profile and dynamic data from nearby vehicles. The data may be used to search for other vehicles to follow.
  • the vehicle profiling application may also be configured to calculate vehicle profile indexes (such as method 200), visualize vehicle profile indexes (such as method 220), and perform vehicle following methods (such as method 240).
  • the primary terminal may also include a user interface to enable vehicle profiling based on user preferences and inputs.
  • the primary terminal is also configured to communicate via any number of communication methods, to include short- range (V2X or DSRC) and long range (cellular network) communication.
  • the backend service 312 is used to provide data to the vehicle's primary terminals for use in the vehicle profiling methods via a communication link through communication networks.
  • One portion of the backend service 312 is to provide data obtained from various APIs 314.
  • Example APIs 314 include a vehicle insurance and inspection API, a police System API, a
  • the Police System API is able to provide insurance and inspection information about the requested vehicle.
  • the information may be detailed information regarding specific insurance coverage levels and grades from each portion of a government vehicle inspection or simply a pass or fail score without the detailed information.
  • the police System API may provide information record data from a police
  • the Weather Forecast API provides weather forecast data regarding the general weather conditions in the area of the route.
  • the vehicles 302 and 318 each also include a mobile terminal (308 and 324, respectively) that includes a digital map and route information, a database of user preferences, vehicle profile data, and a UMI.
  • the functions of the mobile terminal (308 and 324) are instead included in an in-vehicle terminal.
  • the digital map and routes can retrieve data from a variety of sources, including an in-car navigation system with a user-entered route and location information parsed from a digital calendar associated with the user.
  • the database of user preferences includes saved preferences for types of vehicles to follow.
  • the vehicle profile data includes static information about the vehicle registered to the application. Access to dynamic vehicle data, such as driving mode (automatic or manual drive), weather sensor data and the like is stored in the vehicle profile data.
  • the HMI is used to present and provide control ranking of nearby vehicles or to present and provide control to follow a suitable vehicle.
  • Both of the vehicles (302 and 318) are able to communicate directly via a local communication network 316, such as V2X or DSRC, or via other communication networks 310.
  • a local communication network 316 such as V2X or DSRC, or via other communication networks 310.
  • the system architecture 300 may be used to accomplish the methods disclosed herein.
  • the system 300 may be used to find suitable cars and vehicles to follow, for example finding vehicles that are safe and economically driving with no emissions.
  • the suitable vehicles can be selected for urban areas or a long distance drive on a highway.
  • the methods may also facilitate multiple vehicles joining a vehicle convoy resulting in more relaxing, safer, and economic driving.
  • the system may be used to provide a visual ranking of vehicle profile indexes of nearby cars. The system can highlight cars that are more likely to drive in a predictable way, such as those that are on automated driving mode and that have all safety sensors functioning.
  • the system additionally may highlight cars that are likely to drive unpredictably or unsafely, such as vehicles with malfunctioning sensors or safety features, or cars being transitioned from automatic to manual control.
  • the system may also be configured to highlight cars that are potentially unsafe and warrant a greater safety distance, such as cars with novice drivers, cars that have no valid insurance or registration, cars that may be stolen, or cars associated with drivers that have numerous moving violations.
  • the system is able to detect dynamic changes and update the vehicle profile indexes based on the changes in the dynamic features.
  • the system is configured to pair cars with different vehicle features, such as pairing a first car with a malfunctioning reindeer detection system with another car that has an operational reindeer detection system that is traveling along the same route at the same time.
  • FIG. 4 depicts a communication flow diagram, in accordance with an embodiment.
  • FIG. 4 depicts a communication flow diagram 400 that is utilized to initiate a vehicle following sequence based on vehicle profile indexes.
  • the communication flow diagram includes communication signals between vehicle 1 (302) and its associated Vehicle Profiling Application 304, vehicle 2 (318) and its associated Vehicle Profiling Application 320, and a Backend Service 312.
  • the communication flow diagram is facilitated with the communication system 100 described in FIG. 1A and the system architecture 300 described in
  • the vehicle profiling applications 304 and 320 are installed and registered with the backend service 312.
  • the registration links information related to a user's vehicle (302 and 318) to the backend service 312.
  • the information related to the vehicle may be derived from the Vehicle Identification Number (VIN) and a database lookup, or entered manually by a user.
  • the vehicle profile information related to the registered vehicle is stored in the vehicle profile database in the mobile or vehicle terminal.
  • the backend service 312 has connections to various APIs to get updated and impartial and verified authority data on the vehicle such as insurance data or official safety ratings.
  • User preferences are also saved, which may include a default set of preferences or a customized list selected by the user.
  • the user preferences are stored in the mobile or vehicle terminal.
  • the user has also agreed to share vehicle data to other application users. The privacy level of the information shared may be adjusted.
  • Vehicle 1 (302) is searching for a suitable car to follow, and communicates with Vehicle 2 (318) via the various communications protocols.
  • the vehicle profiling application is activated at 402. The activation may occur automatically, for example when a user's smart phone detects the user's vehicle via a Bluetooth connection, or the activation may be manually initiated by the user.
  • the vehicle profiling application determines a desire to follow a suitable car. This determination may be in response to a user initiated interaction 406 with the vehicle profiling application 304, of via a detected change (404) automatically in response to a vehicle's safety system malfunctioning, or via a change in weather conditions and driving environment. The various change detection may be checked for continually.
  • the Vehicle 1 (302) Vehicle Profiling Application 304 transmits a dynamic vehicle data broadcast query 408 which is received by the Vehicle 2 (318) Vehicle Profiling Application 320.
  • the Vehicle 2 (318) Vehicle Profiling Application 320 retrieves dynamic data 410 associated with Vehicle 2 (318) and transmits a response 412 including Vehicle 2's Vehicle Identification, a dataset of vehicle parameters, and route information.
  • the route information may include only a point when Vehicle 2 (318) is intending to exiting the current road or highway for increased privacy.
  • Vehicle 2's (318) Vehicle Profiling Application 320 retrieves the requested vehicle profile data 416 and transmits 418 the data back to Vehicle l 's (302) Vehicle Profiling Application 304.
  • Vehicle l 's (302) Vehicle Profiling Application 304 is then able to query a backend service 312 to retrieve additional data regarding the Vehicle 2 (318) Vehicle Identification and Route Information. Vehicle l 's (302) Vehicle Profiling Application 304 then ranks 432 the Vehicle Following Indexes for each of the indexes calculated from nearby cars to find a suitable car to follow. The suitable cars to follow are presented (436) to the user of Vehicle 1 (302) via an HMI, and a user is able to select (438) one of the cars to follow. Alternatively, the Vehicle Profiling Application 304 may only identify to the user that a suitable car has been found and only reveal the identity of the suitable car to follow only after permission has been granted by the user of the suitable car.
  • a follow request message 440 is transmitted to the suitable car, here Vehicle 2 (318).
  • the follow request message 440 may include the Vehicle ID of Vehicle 1 (302), the route portions that they request to follow along, any reasons for the follow request, or other information.
  • the Vehicle 2 (318) Vehicle Profiling Application 320 indicates 446 to the user of Vehicle 2 that following has been initiated, and transmits a message 448 to the Vehicle 1 (302) Vehicle Profiling Application 304, which responsively updates the Vehicle 1 (302) HMI to indicate 450 that following has been initiated with Vehicle 2 (318).
  • the following Vehicle 1 (302) receives information from the sensor of Vehicle 2 (318).
  • Vehicle 1 (302) may be following Vehicle 2 (318) because of its operating automatic windshield wipers.
  • the automatic windshield wipers of Vehicle 2 (318) detect a condition to operate, such as water on the windshield, and responsively activate.
  • the activation signal is relayed to Vehicle 1 (302) and the Vehicle l 's windshield wipers may activate.
  • Vehicle 2 may detect a collision threat and prepare its braking system and relay the collision threat to Vehicle 1.
  • the dynamic vehicle data query message 408 contains no parameters.
  • the vehicle dynamic data response message 412 includes a Vehicle ID (Vehicle Identification of the vehicle, which has sent the request), Vehicle Dataset (Dynamic Data of the Vehicle), and Route (Current route of the vehicle, e.g. as a list of waypoints or start and destination points). To protect user privacy, the information on a driver's route may identify only certain waypoints, such as highway entrance and exit points, instead of detailed route information.
  • the exemplary vehicle profile data query message 414 includes a Vehicle ID.
  • the vehicle profile data response message 418, the reply from other vehicles includes a Vehicle ID, and Vehicle Profile Dataset.
  • the authority vehicle data query message 420 includes a Vehicle ID.
  • the authority data 424 includes vehicle information and specifications, annual test of vehicle safety, roadworthiness aspects and exhaust emissions information, motor insurance data, accident or damage history, and police information.
  • the weather accident information query message 426 may include Vehicle Location (coordinates of the vehicle) and Route Information.
  • the weather report message 430 for example a reply from a Weather Forecast API, includes information regarding Weather (current road weather for location of the vehicle), Forecast (estimated or forecasted road weather for the route), and Accident data (history data about accidents on the given route). This may be a list of accident types e.g. accidents due to slippery road conditions, poor visibility, collisions with large animals, and the like.
  • An exemplary send vehicle following message 440 includes Vehicle ID, route, and optionally, a reason for following.
  • the static vehicle profile data is a list of static vehicle capabilities that may include, but is not limited to the following:
  • HUD Autonomous Emergency Braking, Forward Collision Warning (FCW), Collision Mitigation Braking System (CMBS), Lane Departure Warning (LDW), Lane Keeping Assist System (LKAS), Blind spot monitoring/alert, Emergency Vehicle Warning, eCall, Attention Assist, Night Vision System (NVS), Adaptive Headlights, Road Sign Recognition (RSR), Multi Collision Brake, Tire pressure monitoring, and Connected Vehicle Applications
  • HUD Autonomous Emergency Braking, Forward Collision Warning (FCW), Collision Mitigation Braking System (CMBS), Lane Departure Warning (LDW), Lane Keeping Assist System (LKAS), Blind spot monitoring/alert, Emergency Vehicle Warning, eCall, Attention Assist, Night Vision System (NVS), Adaptive Headlights, Road Sign Recognition (RSR), Multi Collision Brake, Tire pressure monitoring, and Connected Vehicle Applications
  • GLOSA Green Light Optimized Speed Advisory
  • the dynamic vehicle data is a list of vehicle states or measurements. It includes, butmited to the following:
  • FIG. 5A depicts an example calculation of a vehicle profile index
  • FIG. 5B depicts an example calculation of a vehicle following index, in accordance with an embodiment.
  • FIG. 5A depicts the calculation table 500.
  • the calculation table 500 depicts an example of vehicle profile index for a vehicle.
  • the calculation table includes a category 502 column, a profile data 504 column, a dynamic elements column 506, a points column 508, a user preference weight column 510, a conditions or state weight 512, a weather and environment column 514, an accident weight column 516, and a ranking points column 518.
  • the category column 502 includes different categories like levels of automation, communication available, and safety features.
  • the profile data column 504 includes different static attributes for the vehicle. For example, the automation category includes five different levels of automation, the communication category includes different communication channels available. Initially, points are given for the various static and dynamic features (See column 508).
  • the static features include levels of automation, communication capabilities, and safety rating.
  • the vehicle receives three "10" scores for Level 1-3 of automation because the vehicle supports these levels of automation and two "0" scores for Level 4-5 of automation because the vehicle does not support these levels of automation (See first five rows of points column 508), and three "10” scores for three different communication protocols (V2X, Cellular 3G, Cellular 4G), a"0" score for the cellular 5G communication feature, and an "8" score for the vehicle's safety rating.
  • the dynamic feature points include a "5" score for a normal driver (on a scale of 0-10, with a “2" awarded to novice drivers, a "5" awarded to an average driver, a "7” awarded to an experienced driver, and a “10” awarded to a professional driver), a "9” score for the washer fluid level, and a "7” score for the number of alerts associated with the car.
  • Authority data is checked, and awarded a "50" score indicating all records are satisfactory.
  • the authority data points may be reduced for different defects in the authority data records.
  • the scores in the points column 508 are each combined with the weighting factors of columns 510-516.
  • Column 510 is a weighting factor for the user preferences, with a 1.0 indicating a user-preferred factor, a 0.5 indicating the user has no preference, and a 0.0 indicating the user prefers not to follow a car with that feature.
  • Column 512 is a weighting factor for the operational status of the feature, with a maximum of 1.0 for fully operational features and a minimum of 0.0 for non-operational features.
  • Column 514 is a weighting factor for whether the driving context and weather conditions make the feature usable.
  • Column 516 is a weighting factor related to if the feature is related to collision or accident avoidance, with a 1.0 indicating the feature supports avoidance, and a 0.5 indicating there is no relation to accident avoidance associated with that feature.
  • the ranking points column 518 is the product of the feature's score and its weighting factors.
  • a vehicle profile index in this example is calculated by summing all of the ranking points and dividing by the maximum points available. In the example depicted in the calculation 500, the vehicle scored 77.25 points of a maximum 180 points, for a scaled score (vehicle profile index of 42.92.
  • a following classification may be calculated to determine which order the vehicle should be sorted when compared to other vehicles that are candidates to follow, as depicted in the calculation table 550 of FIG. 5B. Similar to the table 500, the calculation table
  • 550 includes a category column 552, a user preference attribute column 554, a points column
  • the route of the vehicle is scored, on a scale of 0 to 100, with a "100" indicating that the vehicle's route matches the user's intended route.
  • the route score may be adjusted if it is likely that the vehicle may stop or deviate from the route soon. This may be determined by a fuel level of the vehicle, a time since the last rest stop, or the like.
  • the vehicle being scored in the calculation table 550 received "75" points for the route matching, but due to a probability of stopping, "30" points are to be deducted, leaving the final ranking points value for the route at "45.”
  • the user's preferences are accounted for, and in the example calculation 550, the user desires to follow a car with headlights, moose/reindeer/animal detection, a satisfactory amount of washer liquid, and a vehicle of a certain safety rating type.
  • Each of the features have a maximum score of 10.
  • the example calculation 550 determined a total of 77.25 ranking points out of a maximum 140 ("100" possible from the route match and "10" possible for each of the four features) to reach a final scaled score of "37.55" for a following classification.
  • the following classifications of all nearby cars are ranked, and suitable cars to follow are presented to the user of the following vehicle to initiate a following sequence.
  • ranking of the vehicles is based on profile, dynamic and authority data of nearby vehicles, current weather conditions and user preferences.
  • user preferences may be set for types of vehicles the user values the most.
  • the vehicle features may be categorized into the following example topics: Automated functions or autonomous driving, Safety and ADAS, Eco-driving and emission minimization, mobility and efficiency traveling, and the like.
  • a user may give weights for each of these categories which are used in the ranking of the vehicles. For example, a user may prefer highly automated vehicles, safety and eco-driving elements more than the other categories. Therefore, vehicle ranking of vehicles which have many advanced features in these categories would receive a higher ranking.
  • the Vehicle Profile Application utilizes current weather conditions and driving environment (urban, highway, rural, and the like).
  • the location of the vehicle is used together with the digital map to estimate the current driving environment. For example, if the vehicle is driving on a highway, the weight of the urban safety features receives a lower weight.
  • the road conditions are good, e.g. during summer, and the vehicle is driving in day light, road friction monitoring and headlights gives less rating points.
  • the Vehicle Profile Application collects profile, dynamic and authority vehicle data from the described sources.
  • the vehicle ranking is calculated for each vehicle from which data is available. Ranking scores each feature of the vehicle which are usable in current driving context, and takes into account user preferences.
  • the result of the ranking can be scaled (for example, between 0 and 100) for each vehicle.
  • the index can be utilized for various purposes, for example, presenting the ranking of the nearby vehicles to the driver in the vehicle HMI.
  • FIG. 6A depicts an overhead view of a roadway, in accordance with an embodiment.
  • FIG. 6A depicts the overhead view 600.
  • the overhead view 600 includes a roadway 602 that includes 3 lanes traveling in the same direction, from left to right, a user's vehicle 601, and other vehicles 602, 604, and 606.
  • FIG. 6B depicts an example visualization of vehicle profile indexes, in accordance with an embodiment.
  • FIG. 6B depicts the visualization 610.
  • the visualization 610 includes the roadway 602 and other vehicles 604-608 from FIG. 6A, and also depicts the highlights 614-618.
  • the visualization 610 is from the perspective of the user of the car 601 of FIG. 6A.
  • FIGs. 6A and 6B may be used to describe the method 220 of FIG. 2B.
  • the Vehicle Profiling Application associated with the user's vehicle 601 is in communication with the other vehicle's Vehicle Profiling Applications, here the applications for the vehicles 604-608.
  • the Vehicle Profiling Application associated with the user's vehicle 601 performs the vehicle profiling calculations for each of the other cars and calculates a vehicle profile index (step 200 of method 220).
  • FIG. 6B is used to depict an example visualization described in step 222 of method 220.
  • the user's vehicle application calculates a vehicle profile index for each of the other vehicles 604-608. Based on the results of the calculation, each of the cars are highlighted via an HMI associated with the user's vehicle 601.
  • One example of highlighting via an HMI is by providing different color highlights via an augmented reality system.
  • the highlight 614 is associated with the vehicle 604, the highlight 616 with the vehicle 606, and the highlight 618 with the vehicle 608.
  • Each of the different highlights may be a color on a spectrum, with vehicles of similar indexes being shaded similarly with colors from the same point of the spectrum.
  • the highlighting may also be accomplished with smart glass technology.
  • the example visualization may also be configured to highlight cars that excel in various different categories.
  • Vehicle Profiling Application may calculate multiple different Vehicle Profile Indexes, with each index calculation having different weighting factors for various features. For example, features relating to a category of automated driving can have a higher weight value in a first index calculation and features relating to safe highway driving in a second index calculation. If the vehicle has a higher index score when calculated with the autonomous driving factors than when the index is calculated with safe highway driving, then the car may be visualized with a color associated with automated driving.
  • FIG. 6C depicts a user interface, in accordance with an embodiment.
  • FIG. 6C depicts the user interface 620.
  • the user interface 620 includes a selection of features and categories.
  • the user has entered a preference for follow cars that have a reindeer detection system.
  • a user is searching for a vehicle to follow.
  • the Vehicle Profiling Application selects the most suitable vehicle to follow from the nearby vehicles from which data, including route information, is available. Selection is based on ranking of the vehicles, matching the routes, weather forecast and accident data for the route, detected needs of the vehicle, and user preferences.
  • a user may have included special user preferences in the application related to vehicle following search.
  • User preferences to select a vehicle to follow may include the following aspects, in addition to the vehicle profile index:
  • a user may prefer to follow a passenger car and a van, but not bigger vehicles that block the view and may spray water or dirt.
  • Matching of the routes takes into account other elements like the likelihood of possible stops (e.g. for a coffee break or refueling) by possible vehicles to follow by utilizing information about drowsiness alerts or length of time on the road.
  • the selection of the vehicle to follow will take the detected needs of the vehicle (e.g. malfunction of a system) and nearby vehicle profile index as a starting point and calculate the following classification of all nearby vehicles.
  • FIG. 7 depicts a communication flow diagram, in accordance with an embodiment.
  • FIG. 7 depicts the communication flow diagram 700.
  • the communication flow diagram 700 is utilized for communicating changes in dynamic vehicle data of the leading vehicle.
  • the communication flow diagram 700 includes Vehicle 1 (7020 and its Vehicle
  • the leading car is Vehicle 2 (706), and it detects a change at
  • Change detection is done in intervals. After detecting a change in dynamic features, the
  • Vehicle Profiling Application 708 sends a data change message 712 to the Vehicle Profiling
  • Vehicle 1 Vehicle 1
  • the HMI for Vehicle 1 (702) is updated at 714 to reflect the change. If the Vehicle Profiling Application 704 associated with
  • Vehicle 1 (704) determines not to follow the Vehicle 2 (706), possibly through user confirmation
  • "OK" acknowledgement 722 may be transmitted to Vehicle 1 (702). This termination may trigger the Vehicle Profiling Application 704 of Vehicle 1 (702) to search for other suitable vehicles to follow. Vehicles that have performed the vehicle following method are in continual two-way communication to ensure that updated status reports are communicated between the cars. In the event that the two-way communication fails, either due to a malfunction in a communication system, an increase of distance outside of communications range, or the like, a cancellation procedure may be performed that updates HMIs in the leading and following vehicles indicating that the following method is canceled.
  • a payment system between is provided to provide incentive for the leading vehicle to accept followers.
  • a micro-payment may be made from the user of the follower vehicle to the user of the lead vehicle. The payment may be modified based on a distance of following, compensation for any time delays incurred by the leading vehicle to accommodate the following vehicle, and the like.
  • FIG. 8 depicts a method, in accordance with an embodiment.
  • FIG. 8 depicts the method 800 that includes receiving route and sensor capability information at 802, determining vehicle sensor capabilities at 804, determining vehicle routes at 806, and causing the follower vehicle to follow a first vehicle at 808.
  • a follower vehicle receives from each vehicle in a plurality of nearby vehicles information regarding respective vehicle route and vehicle sensor capabilities.
  • a determination of whether at least one vehicle sensor capability of a first vehicle in the plurality of nearby vehicles exceeds a sensor capability of the following vehicle is made. This determination may be performed by providing a weighted score to each of the vehicle sensors of the first vehicle based on the received information.
  • the vehicle profile index discussed at step 212 of FIG. 2A is used to determine that the other vehicle's sensor capabilities exceed the corresponding sensor capability of the following vehicle.
  • the route of the following vehicle is compared to the routes of the other vehicles in the plurality of nearby areas to determine if at least a portion of the follower vehicle's planned route matches the routes of the other vehicles. In some embodiments, this comparison is performed by determining a vehicle route score, as discussed at 242 of FIG. 2C.
  • the follower vehicle follows the first vehicle, in response to the determination that at least one vehicle sensor capability of the first vehicle in the plurality of nearby vehicles exceeds a corresponding sensor capability of the follower vehicle and that the route of the first vehicle comprises at least a portion of the planned route of the follower vehicle.
  • Causing the follower vehicle to follow a first vehicle of the nearby vehicles may comprise the follower vehicle autonomously driving and following the first vehicle, or providing audio or visual alerts to the driver of the follower vehicle.
  • the V2X communication may be implemented in the vehicle or in the mobile/vehicle terminal.
  • some dynamic vehicle data may be updated by the user, the driver or owner of the vehicle.
  • User updateable data may include vehicle features that are not monitored by the car's on-board systems. Examples include worn tires, cracked windshields, worn or bad tires, weak exterior lights, frozen windshield washer fluid, and the like.
  • the user associated with a leading vehicle may decline the leading role or start negotiations between possible following or leading roles and changes for these roles.
  • the negotiations may include any payments from the following role to the leading role.
  • Vulnerable Road Users such as pedestrians, cyclists, motor-scooter drivers, may also utilize the vehicle profile information.
  • the Vulnerable Road Users could see, from their mobile device HMI or an augmented reality device, the safety ranking of nearby vehicles, the driving mode of nearby vehicles, or receive warnings and notifications such as a vehicle without insurance or brakes is approaching.
  • the follower vehicle receives information from the at least one vehicle sensor from the first vehicle.
  • HMI shows e.g. that approaching vehicle has city safe pedestrian detection and eco driving Green Light Optimizations systems, driving on manual mode). The user waits for this car a bit and then turns after it as they are going to same direction.
  • HMI High-Reliable Driver Assistance Systems
  • the most suitable car (HMI shows large animal detection, friction detection systems and new automatic driving ability in snow conditions, driving on automated mode) to follow, which is just passing her car, is indicated to the user in the HMI and she starts to follow this car.
  • the user activates the Adaptive Cruise Control and enjoys the smooth and safe ride.
  • the application beeps and shows on HMI the car in front has changed to transition mode and soon to manual driving mode and the car takes the next exit from the motorway.
  • the user continues driving and notices that a few cars are following her. She pushes a button to start again searching for suitable vehicles nearby which match to her preferences and her destination for the rest of the trip. After a while she notices that the car behind her lets another car pass and from her HMI she notice that this car has the better equipment (HMI shows road weather information systems, adaptive LED head lights and new winter tires). She also lets this vehicle pass and can start to follow this vehicle.
  • modules include hardware (e.g., one or more processors, one or more microprocessors, one or more microcontrollers, one or more microchips, one or more application-specific integrated circuits
  • Each described module may also include instructions executable for carrying out the one or more functions described as being carried out by the respective module, and it is noted that those instructions could take the form of or include hardware (i.e., hardwired) instructions, firmware instructions, software instructions, and/or the like, and may be stored in any suitable non-transitory computer- readable medium or media, such as commonly referred to as RAM, ROM, etc.
  • Examples of computer-readable storage media include, but are not limited to, a read only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), a register, cache memory, semiconductor memory devices, magnetic media such as internal hard disks and removable disks, magneto-optical media, and optical media such as CD-ROM disks, and digital versatile disks (DVDs).
  • ROM read only memory
  • RAM random access memory
  • register cache memory
  • semiconductor memory devices magnetic media such as internal hard disks and removable disks, magneto-optical media, and optical media such as CD-ROM disks, and digital versatile disks (DVDs).
  • a processor in association with software may be used to implement a radio frequency transceiver for use in a WTRU, UE, terminal, base station, RNC, or any host computer.

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Abstract

L'invention concerne des systèmes et des procédés de partage et de visualisation de profils de véhicule pour permettre à un conducteur de sélectionner un véhicule à suivre. Selon un mode de réalisation, le procédé comprend la réception, de la part de chaque véhicule d'une pluralité de véhicules voisins, d'informations concernant l'itinéraire du véhicule correspondant et les capacités de capteur de véhicule ; en se basant sur les informations reçues, la détermination du fait que (i) au moins une capacité de capteur de véhicule d'un premier véhicule dans la pluralité de véhicules voisins dépasse ou non une capacité de capteur correspondante d'un véhicule suiveur, et du fait que (ii) l'itinéraire du premier véhicule comprend ou non au moins une portion d'un l'itinéraire planifié du véhicule suiveur ; et, en réponse à la détermination, amener le véhicule suiveur à suivre le premier véhicule pendant la portion de l'itinéraire.
PCT/US2017/018320 2016-02-26 2017-02-17 Systèmes et procédés de partage et de visualisation de profils de véhicule pour trouver un véhicule à suivre WO2017147007A1 (fr)

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Cited By (10)

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CN109598923A (zh) * 2017-10-03 2019-04-09 福特全球技术公司 车灯车队
US11450212B2 (en) * 2017-12-22 2022-09-20 Compagnie Generale Des Etablissements Michelin Method for managing a platoon of trucks on the basis of information relating to the tires with which the trucks of said platoon are equipped
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US11718303B2 (en) * 2018-01-03 2023-08-08 Toyota Research Institute, Inc. Vehicles and methods for building vehicle profiles based on reactions created by surrounding vehicles
WO2019185217A1 (fr) * 2018-03-28 2019-10-03 Auto Records Ltd Procédé et système pour la détermination de caractéristiques de systèmes d'aide à la conduite avancés (adas)
CN108734810A (zh) * 2018-04-17 2018-11-02 江苏大学 一种基于车联网的纯电动汽车行驶工况预测方法
US10894547B2 (en) 2018-11-16 2021-01-19 Here Global B.V. Method, apparatus, and system for assessing safety and comfort systems of a vehicle
US11011063B2 (en) * 2018-11-16 2021-05-18 Toyota Motor North America, Inc. Distributed data collection and processing among vehicle convoy members
CN113366544A (zh) * 2019-01-02 2021-09-07 高通股份有限公司 用于与具有不同自主水平的车辆建立协作式驾驶参与的方法和系统
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WO2020142359A1 (fr) * 2019-01-02 2020-07-09 Qualcomm Incorporated Procédés et systèmes destinés à établir des missions de conduite coopérative avec des véhicules ayant des niveaux d'autonomie variables
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WO2022227593A1 (fr) * 2021-04-30 2022-11-03 腾讯科技（深圳）有限公司 Procédé et appareil de traitement d'aide à la conduite, support lisible par ordinateur et dispositif électronique
US20230031829A1 (en) * 2021-08-02 2023-02-02 Cyngn, Inc. System and methods of adaptive relevancy prediction for autonomous driving
US11673577B2 (en) * 2021-08-02 2023-06-13 Cyngn, Inc. System and methods of adaptive relevancy prediction for autonomous driving
US11745762B2 (en) 2021-08-02 2023-09-05 Cyngn, Inc. System and methods of adaptive trajectory prediction for autonomous driving

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