WO2017146507A1 - Patch de culture, procédé de culture, procédé et appareil d'analyse de culture, et procédé et appareil de test d'un médicament - Google Patents

Patch de culture, procédé de culture, procédé et appareil d'analyse de culture, et procédé et appareil de test d'un médicament Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017146507A1
WO2017146507A1 PCT/KR2017/002031 KR2017002031W WO2017146507A1 WO 2017146507 A1 WO2017146507 A1 WO 2017146507A1 KR 2017002031 W KR2017002031 W KR 2017002031W WO 2017146507 A1 WO2017146507 A1 WO 2017146507A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
patch
culture
drug
reaction
image
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/KR2017/002031
Other languages
English (en)
Korean (ko)
Inventor
이동영
임찬양
김경환
Original Assignee
노을 주식회사
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from KR1020160069937A external-priority patent/KR20170099738A/ko
Application filed by 노을 주식회사 filed Critical 노을 주식회사
Priority to CA3015602A priority Critical patent/CA3015602C/fr
Priority to US16/079,299 priority patent/US11041842B2/en
Priority to JP2018562491A priority patent/JP6699879B2/ja
Priority to CN201780025078.0A priority patent/CN109073628B/zh
Priority to EP23206371.9A priority patent/EP4300070A3/fr
Priority to EP17756845.8A priority patent/EP3421992B1/fr
Publication of WO2017146507A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017146507A1/fr
Priority to US17/322,803 priority patent/US20210340607A1/en

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
    • G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
    • G01N1/30—Staining; Impregnating ; Fixation; Dehydration; Multistep processes for preparing samples of tissue, cell or nucleic acid material and the like for analysis
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
    • G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
    • G01N1/30—Staining; Impregnating ; Fixation; Dehydration; Multistep processes for preparing samples of tissue, cell or nucleic acid material and the like for analysis
    • G01N1/31—Apparatus therefor
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
    • G01N15/10—Investigating individual particles
    • G01N15/14—Optical investigation techniques, e.g. flow cytometry
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
    • G01N33/48—Biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Haemocytometers
    • G01N33/483—Physical analysis of biological material
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
    • G01N33/48—Biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Haemocytometers
    • G01N33/483—Physical analysis of biological material
    • G01N33/487—Physical analysis of biological material of liquid biological material
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
    • G01N33/48—Biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Haemocytometers
    • G01N33/483—Physical analysis of biological material
    • G01N33/487—Physical analysis of biological material of liquid biological material
    • G01N33/49—Blood
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
    • G01N33/48—Biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Haemocytometers
    • G01N33/50—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing
    • G01N33/58—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing involving labelled substances
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
    • G01N33/48—Biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Haemocytometers
    • G01N33/50—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing
    • G01N33/58—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing involving labelled substances
    • G01N33/60—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing involving labelled substances involving radioactive labelled substances

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a culture patch, a culture method, a culture test method, a culture test device, a drug test method and a drug test device, and more particularly, a culture patch and a culture patch for storing nutrients necessary for culturing cells or bacteria. It relates to a culture method, a culture test method, a culture test device, a drug test method and a drug test device using.
  • IVD in-vitro diagnosis
  • POCT point-of-care testing
  • Clinical microbiology is one of the specific areas of diagnostic test medicine in which the body fluid of a suspected microbial infection is sampled, whether the body fluid is actually infected with the microorganism, and if so, which microorganism is the microorganism. It is a study that tells about cognition and, moreover, about which antibiotics the identified microorganisms are sensitive to.
  • a bacterial culture that multiplies and isolates the bacteria in the sample is used.
  • Bacterial culture is performed to diagnose infection by determining whether bacteria in clinical specimens are pathogens or normal flora.
  • a sufficient amount of pure cultures derived from a single bacterium may be used to identify the species by colony characteristics, biochemical properties, staining, and serological responses, and to perform antimicrobial susceptibility testing.
  • the conventional bacterial culture is to determine the growth degree according to the size of the colony after applying the bacteria to the petri dish containing mainly PCA medium or agar medium.
  • a conventional culture method has a problem that it takes a few days to a few weeks until the colony can be observed with the naked eye.
  • One object of the present invention is to provide a patch capable of storing a substance.
  • One object of the present invention is to provide a patch that can provide a reaction space of the material.
  • One object of the present invention is to provide a patch capable of delivering a substance.
  • One object of the present invention is to provide a patch that can absorb a substance.
  • One object of the present invention is to provide a patch that can provide an environment.
  • One object of the present invention is to provide a culture patch for storing the nutritional requirements necessary for the growth of cultures such as bacteria and microorganisms and cells.
  • One object of the present invention is to provide a culture method using the culture patch.
  • One object of the present invention is to provide a culture test for examining the growth of the culture using the culture patch and a culture test apparatus for performing the same.
  • One object of the present invention to provide a drug test method for testing the growth inhibition or death of the drug culture using the patch and a drug test device for performing the same.
  • a growth demand component required for growth of a culture A culture patch provided with a net structure for forming microcavities in which the growth demand component is stored, and contacting the reaction zone in which the culture is placed to transfer a portion of the stored growth demand component to the reaction zone; May be provided.
  • a patch including a net structure forming microcavities and a patch capable of storing a liquid material in the microcavities is used to culture the culture and examine the growth of the culture.
  • a culture test method comprising the steps of: placing a culture in a reaction zone; Delivering the growth requirement to the reaction zone using a patch that stores the growth requirement required for growth of the culture; And acquiring an image of the culture by imaging the reaction region.
  • a culture test method may be provided.
  • the drug affects the growth or activity of the drug test subject;
  • the drug patch may be provided in a net structure that forms microcavities in which the drug is stored, and in contact with the reaction area in which the drug test object is placed to deliver a part of the stored drug to the reaction area. Can be.
  • the drug test method for testing the efficacy of the drug using a patch that includes a net structure for forming microcavities can store a liquid material in the microcavities Placing the sample in the reaction zone; Delivering the drug to the reaction zone using a patch that stores the drug; And acquiring an image of the specimen by photographing the reaction region. Obtaining at least one of size information and number information of the specimen based on the image; And determining at least one of a growth degree, an activity degree, a growth inhibition degree, and a death degree of the sample by the drug based on the at least one information.
  • reaction zone of a substance it is possible to provide a reaction zone of a substance or to provide a predetermined environment in a target zone.
  • the culture, the culture test and the drug test of the culture can be performed more simply, and the test result can be obtained quickly.
  • the delivery and absorption of the substance by means of a patch can be properly controlled, so that the amount of the nutritional requirement for diagnosis can be significantly reduced.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates in detail an example of a patch according to the present application.
  • FIG. 2 shows an example of a patch according to the present application in detail.
  • FIG 3 illustrates providing a reaction space as an example of the function of a patch according to the present application.
  • FIG. 4 illustrates providing a reaction space as an example of the function of a patch according to the present application.
  • FIG. 5 illustrates the delivery of a substance as an example of the function of a patch according to the present application.
  • FIG. 6 illustrates the delivery of a substance as an example of the function of a patch according to the present application.
  • FIG. 7 illustrates the delivery of a substance as an example of the function of a patch according to the present application.
  • FIG. 8 illustrates the delivery of a substance as an example of the function of a patch according to the present application.
  • FIG 9 illustrates the delivery of a substance as an example of the function of a patch according to the present application.
  • FIG. 10 illustrates the delivery of a substance as an example of the function of a patch according to the present application.
  • FIG. 11 illustrates the delivery of a substance as an example of the function of a patch according to the present application.
  • FIG. 12 illustrates the delivery of a substance as an example of the function of a patch according to the present application.
  • Figure 13 illustrates the delivery of material as an example of the function of the patch according to the present application.
  • FIG. 14 illustrates absorbing material as an example of the function of a patch according to the present application.
  • FIG. 16 illustrates absorbing material as an example of the function of a patch according to the present application.
  • FIG 17 illustrates absorbing material as an example of the function of a patch according to the present application.
  • 21 illustrates absorbing material as an example of the function of a patch according to the present application.
  • FIG. 22 illustrates absorbing material as an example of the function of a patch according to the present application.
  • 23 illustrates an example of providing an environment as one of the functions of a patch according to the present application.
  • FIG. 24 illustrates providing an environment as an example of the functionality of a patch according to the present application.
  • 25 illustrates providing an environment as an example of the functionality of a patch according to the present application.
  • FIG. 26 illustrates a case in which absorption and delivery of a material are performed as an embodiment of a patch according to the present application.
  • FIG. 27 illustrates a case of performing absorption and delivery of a material as an embodiment of a patch according to the present application.
  • FIG. 28 illustrates a case of performing absorption and delivery of a material as an embodiment of a patch according to the present application.
  • 29 is a view illustrating a case of performing absorption and delivery of a material as an embodiment of a patch according to the present application.
  • FIG. 30 illustrates a case of performing absorption and delivery of a material as an embodiment of a patch according to the present application.
  • FIG. 31 illustrates a case in which absorption, delivery of materials, and provision of an environment are performed as an embodiment of a patch according to the present application.
  • 32 is a view illustrating a case of performing absorption, delivery, and provision of an environment as an embodiment of a patch according to the present application.
  • 33 illustrates an embodiment of a plurality of patches as an embodiment of a patch according to the present application.
  • FIG. 34 illustrates an embodiment of a plate having a plurality of patches and a plurality of target areas as one embodiment of a patch according to the present application.
  • 35 is a flow chart related to one embodiment of a culture method according to the present application.
  • 36 is a view showing the culture application according to the present application.
  • FIG. 37 is a flow chart of the steps of delivering a nutritional requirement using a culture patch in one embodiment of the culture method according to the present application.
  • 39 to 41 are views for taking an image of the culture according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 43 is an operation of one embodiment of a culture test method of the present application.
  • 44 is a flowchart of a modification of one embodiment of a culture test method of the present application.
  • FIG. 48 is a flowchart of a step of taking an image in another embodiment of the culture test method according to the present application.
  • 49 is an operation diagram of another embodiment of the culture test method of the present application.
  • 51 is a flowchart of an embodiment of a drug test method of the present application.
  • FIG. 52 is an operation diagram of an embodiment of a drug test method of the present application.
  • 53 is a flowchart of another embodiment of a drug test method of the present application.
  • 54 is an operation diagram of another embodiment of a drug test method of the present application.
  • 55 is a flow chart of another embodiment of a drug test method of the present application.
  • 56 is an operation diagram of another embodiment of a drug test method of the present application.
  • 57 is an illustration of culture images according to the present application.
  • FIG. 58 shows an embodiment of the inspection apparatus according to the present application.
  • 59 illustrates an example of a patch controller in an embodiment of an inspection apparatus according to the present application.
  • a growth demand component required for growth of a culture A culture patch provided with a net structure for forming microcavities in which the growth demand component is stored, and contacting the reaction zone in which the culture is placed to transfer a portion of the stored growth demand component to the reaction zone; May be provided.
  • the culture may include at least one of bacteria, parasites, cells isolated from tissues, and primary cultured cells.
  • a patch including a net structure forming microcavities and a patch capable of storing a liquid material in the microcavities is used to culture the culture and examine the growth of the culture.
  • a culture test method comprising the steps of: placing a culture in a reaction zone; Delivering the growth requirement to the reaction zone using a patch that stores the growth requirement required for growth of the culture; And acquiring an image of the culture by imaging the reaction region.
  • a culture test method may be provided.
  • the acquiring of the image may include separating the patch from the reaction region and photographing the reaction region in a state where the patch is spaced apart.
  • the photographing of the reaction region in the state where the patches are spaced apart may include: irradiating light from a side opposite to the surface on which the reaction region of the plate is located and at the side of the surface where the reaction region of the plate is located.
  • the method may include obtaining an image of the reaction region by receiving light.
  • the acquiring of the image may include photographing the reaction region while the patch is in contact with the reaction region.
  • the photographing of the reaction region while the patch is in contact with the reaction region may include irradiating light from the side of the surface on which the reaction region of the plate is located and the opposite of the surface on which the reaction region of the plate is located.
  • the method may include obtaining an image of the reaction region by receiving the light from the surface side.
  • the photographing of the reaction region while the patch is in contact with the reaction region may include irradiating light from the side of the surface on which the reaction region of the plate is located and the opposite of the surface on which the reaction region of the plate is located.
  • the method may include obtaining an image of the reaction region by receiving the light from the surface side.
  • the step of acquiring an image of the culture by capturing the reaction region is performed periodically, and the growth degree of the culture by comparing and analyzing a plurality of images obtained in the acquiring of the periodically performed image. Determining the; may further include.
  • the drug affects the growth or activity of the drug test subject;
  • the drug patch may be provided in a net structure that forms microcavities in which the drug is stored, and in contact with the reaction area in which the drug test object is placed to deliver a part of the stored drug to the reaction area. Can be.
  • the growth required component required for the growth of the drug test subject may be stored in a network structure forming the micro-cavities.
  • the drug test method for testing the efficacy of the drug using a patch that includes a net structure for forming microcavities can store a liquid material in the microcavities Placing the sample in the reaction zone; Delivering the drug to the reaction zone using a patch that stores the drug; And acquiring an image of the specimen by photographing the reaction region. Obtaining at least one of size information and number information of the specimen based on the image; And determining at least one of a growth degree, an activity degree, a growth inhibition degree, and a death degree of the sample by the drug based on the at least one information.
  • the acquiring of the image may include separating the patch from the reaction region and photographing the reaction region in a state where the patch is spaced apart.
  • the photographing of the reaction region in the state where the patches are spaced apart may include: irradiating light from a side opposite to the surface on which the reaction region of the plate is located and at the side of the surface where the reaction region of the plate is located.
  • the method may include obtaining an image of the reaction region by receiving light.
  • the acquiring of the image may include photographing the reaction region while the patch is in contact with the reaction region.
  • the photographing of the reaction region while the patch is in contact with the reaction region may include irradiating light from the side of the surface on which the reaction region of the plate is located and the opposite of the surface on which the reaction region of the plate is located.
  • the method may include obtaining an image of the reaction region by receiving the light from the surface side.
  • the photographing of the reaction region while the patch is in contact with the reaction region may include irradiating light from the side of the surface on which the reaction region of the plate is located and the opposite of the surface on which the reaction region of the plate is located.
  • the method may include obtaining an image of the reaction region by receiving the light from the surface side.
  • the step of acquiring an image of the specimen by capturing the reaction region is periodically performed, and comparing and analyzing a plurality of images acquired in the acquiring of the periodically performed image to determine the influence of the drug. It may further comprise a.
  • the liquid material may mean a material in a liquid state as a material capable of flowing.
  • the liquid phase material may be a single component material having liquidity.
  • the liquid substance may be a mixture including a plurality of substances.
  • the liquid substance when the liquid substance is a substance of a single component, the liquid substance may be a substance composed of a single element or a compound including a plurality of chemical elements.
  • the liquid substance When the liquid substance is a mixture, some of the plural components of the substance may function as a solvent and others may function as a solute. That is, the mixture may be a solution.
  • the material of the plurality of components constituting the mixture may be uniformly distributed.
  • the mixture including the plurality of components may be a mixture mixed uniformly.
  • the material of the plurality of components may include a solvent and a material which is not dissolved in the solvent and is uniformly distributed.
  • the non-uniformly distributed material may also include a particle component that is non-uniformly distributed in the solvent.
  • the heterogeneously distributed particle component may be a solid phase.
  • a material that can be handled using the patch may be in the form of 1) a single component liquid, 2) a solution, or 3) a colloid, and in some cases 4) solid particles are unevenly distributed in other liquid materials. It may be in a state where it is.
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 are diagrams showing an example of a patch according to the present application.
  • a patch according to the present application will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2.
  • the patch PA may include a net structure NS and a liquid material.
  • the liquid substance may be considered by dividing the base material (BS) and the additive material (AS).
  • the patch PA may be a gel type.
  • the patch PA may be implemented as a structure on a gel in which colloidal molecules are bonded to form a net tissue.
  • the patch PA according to the present application may include a three-dimensional net structure NS as a structure for handling the liquid material SB.
  • the net structure NS may be a solid structure that is continuously distributed.
  • the mesh structure NS may have a mesh structure in which a plurality of fine threads are entangled.
  • the mesh structure NS is not limited to the shape of a network in which a plurality of fine threads are entangled, and may be implemented in any three-dimensional matrix form formed by connecting a plurality of fine structures.
  • the net structure NS may be a framework including a plurality of micro-cavities. In other words, the mesh structure NS may form a plurality of fine cavities MC.
  • the net structure of the patch PA may have a sponge structure SS.
  • the net structure of the sponge structure SS may include a plurality of fine holes (MH).
  • MH fine holes
  • the micropores and the microcavities MC may be used interchangeably with each other, and unless otherwise stated, the microcavities MC are defined as including the concept of the micropores MH.
  • the net structure NS may have a regular or irregular pattern.
  • the net structure NS may include both an area having a regular pattern and an area having an irregular pattern.
  • the density of the mesh structure NS may have a value within a predetermined range.
  • the predetermined range may be determined within a limit in which the shape of the liquid substance SB captured in the patch PA is maintained in a form corresponding to the patch PA.
  • the density may be defined as the density of the net structure NS to the mass ratio, the volume ratio, etc. of the net structure NS in the patch.
  • the patch according to the present application can handle the liquid substance (SB) by having a three-dimensional network structure.
  • the patch PA according to the present application may include a liquid material SB, and the liquid material SB included in the patch PA is in the form of the net structure NS of the patch PA.
  • the fluidity of the liquid material (SB) may be limited.
  • the liquid substance SB may freely flow in the net structure NS.
  • the liquid material SB is located in a plurality of microcavities formed by the mesh structure NS. Exchange of the liquid materials SB may occur between neighboring microcavities.
  • the liquid material (SB) may be present in the form penetrating into the frame structure forming the net structure. In such a case, nano-sized pores may be formed in the frame structure to allow the liquid material SB to penetrate.
  • the molecular weight of the liquid material (SB) trapped in the patch (PA) to the size of the particles it can be determined whether the liquid material (SB) to the frame structure of the mesh structure.
  • a material having a relatively high molecular weight may be trapped in the microcavity, and a material having a relatively low molecular weight may be injected into the microcavity and / or the frame structure of the mesh structure NS to be captured.
  • the term “capture” refers to a state in which the liquid material SB is located in a plurality of microcavities and / or nano-sized holes formed by the mesh structure NS. Can be defined in addition, the state in which the liquid substance SB is trapped in the patch PA, as described above, the liquid substance SB may flow between the microcavity and / or the nano-sized holes. It is defined to include the state that exists.
  • the liquid material SB may be considered as being divided into a base material BS and an additive material AS as follows.
  • the base material BS may be a liquid material SB having fluidity.
  • the additive material AS may be a material mixed with the base material BS and having fluidity.
  • the base material BS may be a solvent.
  • the additive material AS may be a solute dissolved in the solvent or particles insoluble in the solvent.
  • the base material BS may be a material that may flow in the matrix formed by the net structure NS.
  • the base material (BS) may be uniformly distributed in the net structure (NS), may be distributed only in a portion of the net structure (NS).
  • the base material BS may be a liquid having a single component.
  • the additive material AS may be a material mixed with the base material BS or soluble in the base material BS.
  • the additive material AS can function as a solute using the base material BS as a solvent.
  • the additive material AS may be uniformly distributed in the base material BS.
  • the additive material AS may be minute particles that do not dissolve in the base material BS.
  • the additive material (AS) may contain microparticles such as colloidal molecules and microorganisms.
  • the additive material AS may include particles larger than the microcavities formed by the net structure NS. If the size of the microcavities is smaller than the size of the particles included in the additive material AS, the fluidity of the additive material AS may be limited.
  • the additive material AS may include a component that is selectively included in the patch PA.
  • the additive material AS does not necessarily mean a material that is inferior in quantity or functionally inferior in relation to the base material BS described above.
  • the property of the liquid material SB captured in the patch PA may be regarded as the property of the patch PA. That is, the characteristics of the patch PA may depend on the properties of the material trapped in the patch PA.
  • the patch PA according to the present application may include the net structure NS as described above.
  • the patch PA may handle the liquid substance SB by the mesh structure NS.
  • the patch PA may allow the liquid substance SB trapped in the patch PA to maintain at least some of its own characteristics.
  • the diffusion of the material may occur in a region of the patch PA in which the liquid material SB is distributed, and a force such as surface tension may act.
  • the patch PA may provide a liquid environment in which a target material is diffused due to thermal movement, density, or concentration difference of the material.
  • 'diffusion' means that the particles that make up a substance are spread from the higher concentration to the lower concentration due to the difference in concentration.
  • These diffusion phenomena can be understood basically as the resulting phenomena caused by the movement of molecules (translational movements in gases or liquids, vibrational movements in solids, etc.).
  • the term 'diffusion' refers to a phenomenon in which particles are spread from a high concentration to a low concentration due to a difference in concentration or density.
  • the phenomenon of movement of particles by irregular motion is also referred to.
  • the target material to be diffused may be a solute dissolved in the liquid material (SB), and the solute may be provided in a solid, liquid, or gaseous state.
  • non-uniformly distributed material in the liquid material SB captured by the patch PA may be diffused in the space provided by the patch PA.
  • the additive material AS may diffuse in the space defined by the patch PA.
  • the non-uniformly distributed material or the additive material AS of the liquid material SB handled by the patch PA diffuses in the microcavities provided by the mesh structure NS of the patch PA. can do.
  • the region in which the non-uniformly distributed material or the additive material AS may diffuse may be changed by contacting or connecting another material with the patch PA.
  • the material or the additive material AS may constantly move due to irregular movement of molecules in the interior of the patch PA and / or in the external region connected with the patch PA.
  • the patch PA may be implemented to have hydrophilic or hydrophobic properties.
  • the net structure NS of the patch PA may be hydrophilic or hydrophobic.
  • the net structure NS may handle the liquid material SB more effectively.
  • the base material BS may be a hydrophilic material having polarity or a hydrophobic material having no polarity.
  • the nature of the additive material (AS) may be hydrophilic or hydrophobic.
  • the nature of the liquid substance SB may be related to the base substance BS and / or the additive substance AS.
  • the liquid material SB may be hydrophilic
  • both the base material BS and the additive material AS may be hydrophilic
  • the liquid material (SB) may be hydrophobic
  • the polarities of the base material BS and the additive material AS are different from each other, the liquid material SB may be hydrophilic or hydrophobic.
  • both the polarity of the net structure NS and the polarity of the liquid material SB are hydrophilic or hydrophobic, an attractive force may act between the net structure NS and the liquid material SB.
  • the polarities of the net structure NS and the liquid material SB are opposite to each other, for example, when the polarity of the net structure NS is hydrophobic and the liquid material SB is hydrophilic.
  • the repulsive force may act between the net structure NS and the liquid material SB.
  • the patch PA may be used alone, in plurality, or in combination with other media to induce a desired reaction.
  • the functional aspects of the patch PA will be described.
  • the patch PA is a gel phase that may contain a hydrophilic solution.
  • the mesh structure NS of the patch PA is assumed to have hydrophilic properties.
  • Patches according to the present application may have some useful functionality, due to the properties described above.
  • the patch may be involved in the behavior of the liquid material SB by occupying the liquid material SB.
  • the reservoir function and the state of the material in which the state of the material is defined in a predetermined region formed by the patch PA according to the behavior of the material in relation to the patch PA are described.
  • the channeling function in which the state of the material is defined including an external region will be described.
  • the patch PA according to the present application may capture the liquid substance SB as described above.
  • the patch PA may function as a reservoir.
  • the patch PA may capture a liquid material SB in a plurality of microcavities formed in the mesh structure NS through the mesh structure NS.
  • the liquid material SB occupies at least a portion of the microcavities formed by the three-dimensional network structure NS of the patch PA, or a nano-sized hole formed in the network structure NS. Can penetrate
  • the liquid substance SB located in the patch PA does not lose the property of the liquid even if it is distributed in the plurality of microcavities. That is, the liquid substance SB has fluidity even in the patch PA, and the diffusion of the substance may occur in the liquid substance SB distributed in the patch PA, and an appropriate solute may be dissolved in the substance. have.
  • the patch PA may capture a target material based on the above-described characteristics.
  • the patch PA may be resistant to a change in the external environment within a predetermined range. Through this, the patch PA may keep the material in the captured state.
  • the liquid substance SB which is the target of the capture, may occupy the three-dimensional network structure NS.
  • the meaning that the patch PA stores the liquid substance means that the liquid substance is stored in the space formed by the mesh structure and / or to the frame structure constituting the mesh structure NS. It is defined as encompassing all that the liquid substance is stored.
  • the patch PA may store a liquid material SB.
  • the patch PA may store the liquid substance SB.
  • the liquid material SB may be stored in combination with the net structure NS with a attraction force of a predetermined intensity or more.
  • the properties of the liquid material SB stored in the patch PA may be classified according to the properties of the patch PA. More specifically, when the patch PA is hydrophilic, the hydrophilic liquid SB is combined with a polar hydrophilic liquid SB to form the three-dimensional fine particles. Can be stored in cavities. Alternatively, when the patch PA is hydrophobic, the hydrophobic liquid material SB may be stored in the microcavity of the three-dimensional network structure NS.
  • the amount of material that can be stored in the patch PA may be proportional to the volume of the patch PA.
  • the amount of material stored in the patch PA may be proportional to the amount of the three-dimensional network structure NS as a support contributing to the shape of the patch PA.
  • the volume relationship between the amount of the material that can be stored and the volume of the patch PA does not have a constant proportional constant, and the amount of the material that can be stored and the volume of the patch PA according to the design or manufacturing method of the mesh structure. Relationships can vary.
  • the amount of material stored in the patch PA may be reduced by evaporation, dropping out, etc. over time.
  • a substance to the patch (PA) it can increase or maintain the content of the substance stored in the patch (PA).
  • a moisture preservative for suppressing evaporation of moisture may be added to the patch PA.
  • the patch PA may be embodied in an easy form for storing the liquid material SB. This means that the patch PA may be implemented to minimize the degeneration of the material when the material is affected by environment such as humidity, light quantity, temperature, and the like. For example, in order to prevent the patch PA from being denatured by an external factor such as bacteria, the patch PA may be treated with a bacterial inhibitor or the like.
  • the patch PA may store a liquid material SB having a plurality of components.
  • the material of the plural components is placed together in the patch PA before the reference time point, or the material injected into the patch PA is first stored in the patch PA first, and then the secondary material is secondary to the patch PA after a predetermined time.
  • the substance it is also possible for the substance to be stored.
  • two components of the liquid substance SB are stored in the patch PA, two components are stored in the patch PA or two components are produced in the patch PA. Only one component may be stored in the patch PA and the other one may be stored later, or two components may be sequentially stored after fabrication of the patch PA.
  • the material stored in the patch PA may exhibit fluidity basically, and may also perform irregular or diffusion motion by molecular motion in the patch PA.
  • 3 and 4 are diagrams for providing a reaction space as an example of the function of the patch according to the present application.
  • the patch PA according to the present application may perform a function of providing a space.
  • the patch PA may provide a space in which the liquid material SB may move through a space formed by the net structure NS and / or a space constituting the net structure NS. have.
  • the patch PA may provide space for activities other than the diffusion of particles and / or irregular movement of the particles (hereinafter referred to as activities other than diffusion). Activities other than diffusion may refer to chemical reactions, but are not limited thereto and may also mean physical state changes. More specifically, activity other than diffusion means a chemical reaction in which the chemical composition of the substance changes before and after the activity, a specific binding reaction between components included in the substance, and a solute or particle contained in the substance and distributed unevenly. Homogenization, aggregation of some components contained in the material, or biological activity of a portion of the material.
  • the plurality of substances when a plurality of substances are involved in the activity, the plurality of substances may be located together in the patch PA before the reference time point.
  • the plurality of materials may be sequentially added.
  • the efficiency of the function of providing a space for activities other than the diffusion of the patch PA can be enhanced.
  • the temperature conditions of the patch PA may be changed or electrical conditions may be added to facilitate the activity or to initiate the activity.
  • the first material SB1 and the second material SB2 positioned in the patch PA react with the inside of the patch PA to be transformed into a third material SB3, or
  • the third material SB3 may be generated.
  • Movement of material may occur between the patch PA and the outer region.
  • the material may be moved from the patch PA to the outer region of the patch PA, or the material may be moved from the outer region to the patch PA.
  • the patch PA may form a path of movement of the material or may be involved in the movement of the material. More specifically, the patch PA is involved in the movement of the liquid substance SB trapped in the patch PA or through the liquid substance SB trapped in the patch PA. May be involved in the movement
  • the base material BS or the additive material AS may exit from the patch PA, or an external material may flow into the patch PA from an external region.
  • the patch PA may provide a function of the movement passage of the material. That is, the patch PA may provide a channel function of material movement by participating in material movement. The patch PA may provide a channel of mass movement due to the inherent property of the liquid substance SB.
  • the patch PA may be in a state in which the liquid substance SB may move between the outer region or the outer region, depending on whether the patch PA is connected to the outer region. ) May be in a state where it is impossible to move.
  • the patch PA may have unique functions.
  • the basic reason why the movement of the liquid material SB occurs is due to the irregular movement and / or diffusion of the material.
  • external environmental factors eg, control of temperature conditions, control of electrical conditions, etc.
  • the liquid substance SB or some components of the liquid substance SB may diffuse into the outer region or move by irregular movement.
  • the foreign substance or some component of the foreign substance located in the outer region may diffuse into the liquid substance SB of the patch PA or move by irregular movement.
  • the state in which the substance is movable may be caused by contact.
  • the contact may mean that the liquid material SB captured in the patch PA is connected to the external region.
  • the contact may mean that the flow region of the liquid material SB overlaps at least part of the outer region.
  • the contact may mean that the external material is connected to at least a portion of the patch PA.
  • the state in which the substance is movable may be understood as the range in which the captured liquid substance SB flows is expanded. In other words, in a state in which the substance is movable, the liquidity can be extended so that the flowable range of the substance includes at least a portion of the outer region of the captured liquid substance SB.
  • the range in which the captured liquid material SB is flowable may be extended to include at least a portion of the contacted outer region. More specifically, when the outer region is an outer plate, the region in which the liquid substance SB is flowable may be expanded to include a region in contact with the liquid substance SB of the outer plate.
  • movement of the material may not occur between the liquid material SB captured in the patch PA and the external region.
  • the movement of the material may occur in each of the liquid material SB captured in the patch PA and the external material located in the external region.
  • the state in which the material is not movable may be a state in which the contact is released.
  • the liquid material SB remaining in the patch PA and the outer region or the outer substance may not move. .
  • the contact released state may mean a state in which the liquid material SB captured in the patch PA is not connected to the external region.
  • the contact released state may mean a state in which the liquid material SB is not connected to an external material located in the external region.
  • a state in which the movement of the material is impossible may be caused by separation of the patch PA and the external region.
  • the term "movable state” has a meaning distinguished from a "non-movable state", but a transition between states may occur due to a change of time, an environment, or the like.
  • the patch PA may be in a movable state and may be in a non-movable state, may be in a non-movable state and may be in a movable state, and the patch PA may be in a movable state and then may not be moved. It is also possible to move back to a ready state.
  • the patch PA may transmit at least a portion of the liquid material SB occupied by the patch PA to the desired outer region due to the above-described characteristics.
  • the delivery of the substance may mean that a part of the liquid substance SB captured in the patch PA is separated from the patch PA as a predetermined condition is satisfied. Partial separation of the liquid substance SB may mean that some substances are extracted, emitted, or released from an area affected by the patch PA. This is a sub-concept of the channel function of the above-described patch (PA), it can be understood to define the delivery (delivery) of the material located in the patch (PA) outside the patch (PA).
  • the desired outer region may be another patch PA, a dried region, or a liquid region.
  • the predetermined condition for the delivery to occur may be determined by environmental conditions such as temperature change, pressure change, electrical property change, physical state change.
  • environmental conditions such as temperature change, pressure change, electrical property change, physical state change.
  • the transfer may include moving the liquid substance SB between the patch PA and the outer region and moving the liquid substance SB between the patch PA and the outer region. It can happen via / through.
  • the liquid substance SB when the liquid substance SB is in the movable state, the liquid substance SB may diffuse between the patch PA and the outer region or may move to the outer region by an irregular movement.
  • the base solution and / or the additive material AS included in the liquid material SB may move from the patch PA to the outer region.
  • movement between the patch PA and the outer region becomes impossible.
  • some of the material that has been moved from the patch PA to the outer region due to the diffusion and / or irregular movement of the liquid material SB is due to the transition from the movable state to the non-movable state. It will not be possible to move back to the patch PA. Therefore, some of the liquid substance SB may be partially transferred to the outer region.
  • the transfer may be performed according to the difference between the attraction force between the liquid substance SB and the net structure NS and the attraction force between the liquid substance SB and the external region or the external substance.
  • the attraction may result from the similarity or specific binding relationship of polarity.
  • the movable state and the non-movable state At least a portion of the liquid material SB captured in the patch PA may be transferred to the outer region through the state.
  • the delivery of the liquid substance SB may optionally be performed. For example, when there is a specific binding relationship between some components included in the liquid substance (SB) and the external substance, the some components pass through the state in which the substance is movable and the state in which the substance cannot be moved. An optional delivery of may occur.
  • the patch PA delivers the material to the outer plate PL in the form of a plate
  • a part of the liquid material SB captured in the patch PA (for example, a solute) A material that specifically binds to) may be applied to the outer plate PL.
  • the patch PA passes through the movable state and the non-movable state, and the part of the solute that specifically binds to the material applied to the outer plate PL is attached to the plate PA. Can optionally be delivered.
  • liquid material SB is transferred from the patch PA to a separate outer plate PL.
  • the case where the material is moved from the patch PA to the plate PL such as slide glass may be considered.
  • the liquid substance SB trapped in the patch PA diffuses into at least a portion of the plate PL or moves by irregular movement. Can be.
  • some material that is, a part of the liquid material SB
  • the partial material may be transferred from the patch PA to the plate PL.
  • the some material to be delivered may be the additive material (AS).
  • the patch PA may be provided with a temperature or electrical condition to control the delivery of the substance.
  • the movement of material from the patch PA to the plate PL may depend on the contact area between the patch PA and the plate PL.
  • the mass transfer efficiency of the patch PA and the plate PL may increase or decrease according to an area where the patch PA contacts the plate PL.
  • the patch PA comprises a plurality of components
  • only some components may be selectively moved to the outer plate PL.
  • a material that specifically binds to some components of the plurality of components may be fixed to the outer plate PL.
  • the material fixed to the outer plate PL may be in a liquid or solid state and may be fixed in the separate area.
  • some materials of the plurality of components move to the plate PL to form a specific bond due to contact between the patch PA and the separate region, and the patch PA is connected to the plate PL.
  • only some components can be selectively released into the plate PL.
  • the patch PA may transfer a part of the material stored in the patch PA to the plate PL by contacting the outer plate PL.
  • the transferring of the material may be enabled to move the material by contacting the plate.
  • the water film WF may be formed near the contact surface between the plate and the patch PA, and the material may be moved through the formed water film WF.
  • the material SL having fluidity may be a liquid material contained in a separate storage space or flowing.
  • the liquid material SB trapped in the patch PA has at least a part of the fluidity.
  • the branch may diffuse and move to the material SL or may move by an irregular motion.
  • some of the liquid material SB, which has been moved from the patch PA to the flowable material cannot move back to the patch PA.
  • some materials in the patch PA may be transferred to the fluid material.
  • Material movement between the patch PA and the flowable material SL may depend on the contact area between the patch PA and the flowable material SL.
  • the patch PA may have fluidity with the patch PA according to an area where the patch PA contacts the fluid material SL (for example, a depth into which the patch PA is injected into a solution or the like).
  • the mass transfer efficiency of the material SL may be increased or decreased.
  • mass transfer between the patch PA and the flowable material SL may be controlled through physical separation of the patch PA and the flowable material.
  • the distribution concentration of the additive material (AS) in the liquid material (SB) is different from the distribution concentration of the additive material (AS) in the flowable material, and thus from the patch (PA) to the flowable material.
  • the additive material AS may also be delivered.
  • the physical separation between the patch PA and the fluid SL is essential. no.
  • the driving force (causal force) that causes the mass movement from the patch (PA) to the fluid having a flow becomes smaller or less than the reference value, the movement of the substance can be stopped.
  • the 'delivery conditions' between the patch PA and the flowable material SL may not be required. It may be. This means that the materials that have already moved to the fluid material SL are moved by diffusion and / or irregular motion in the fluid material SL, and the moving material and the patch PA are moved by the movement. When the distance between them is more than a certain distance it can be understood that the material is transferred to the fluid material (SL). This is because, in the case of the plate PL, since the movable range extended by the contact is a very limited range, the attraction force between the materials moved to the plate PL and the patch PA can act significantly.
  • the patch PA may transfer a part of the material stored in the patch PA to an external fluid material. Delivering a portion of the stored material is that the patch (PA) is put into or in contact with the fluid material, the liquid material (SB) and the fluid material trapped in the patch (PA) of the material This may be achieved by having a state in which the movement is possible.
  • the liquid material SB provided to the patch PA may move to at least a portion of the other patch PA.
  • the liquid substance SB provided to each of the patches PA may diffuse and move to the other patch PA.
  • the concentration of the liquid material (SB) provided in each of the patches (PA) may be changed.
  • the patch PA and the other patch PA may be separated, and at this time, a part of the liquid material SB of the patch PA is different from the patch PA. Can be delivered.
  • Mass transfer between the patch PA and another patch PA can be performed by changes in environmental conditions, including physical state changes.
  • Material movement between the patch PA and the other patch PA may depend on the contact area of the patch PA and the other patch PA.
  • the mass transfer efficiency between the patch PA and the other patch PA may increase or decrease according to an area where the patch PA contacts the other patch PA.
  • 11 to 13 illustrate the delivery of material from one patch PA1 to another patch PA2 as an example of the delivery of material during the function of the patch PA according to the present application.
  • the patch PA1 may transfer a part of the material stored in the patch PA1 to another patch PA2.
  • Delivering a portion of the material is that the patch (PA1) in contact with the other patch (PA2), the liquid material (SB) trapped in the patch (PA1) and the material captured in the other patch (PA2) It can be achieved by having a state in which interchange with each other.
  • 'absorption' of the function of the patch PA may be treated similarly to the 'delivery' described above in some embodiments.
  • the direction of movement of the moved substance can be controlled by changing the concentration of the liquid substance SB, in particular, the concentration of the additive substance AS. It may have a common aspect in that it is.
  • the control of the movement of the material through the separation of the physical contact of the patch (PA), and the like can also be common, which will be clearly understood by those skilled in the art to which the present application belongs.
  • the patch PA may capture an external material by the above-described characteristics.
  • the patch PA may pull external materials existing outside the region defined by the patch PA to a region where the influence of the patch PA acts.
  • the introduced foreign material may be captured together with the liquid material SB of the patch PA.
  • the introduction of the foreign material may be attributable to the attraction between the foreign substance and the liquid substance SB trapped in the patch PA.
  • the introduction of the external material may result from the attraction between the external material and the region not occupied by the liquid material SB of the net structure NS.
  • the ingress of the foreign material may result from the force of the surface tension.
  • absorption is a sub-concept of the channel function of the patch PA described above, and can be understood to define the movement of foreign material to the patch PA.
  • the absorption may occur via (via / through) the patch PA in a state in which the movement of the material and in a state in which the movement of the material is impossible.
  • the material absorbed by the patch PA may be in a liquid or solid state.
  • the liquid material SB located in the patch PA and the solid material included in the external material may be separated from each other. Absorption of the material can be performed by the attraction force of.
  • the patch PA when the patch PA is in contact with a liquid external material, the patch PA may be performed by combining the liquid material SB located in the patch PA with the liquid external material.
  • the external material absorbed by the patch PA may move into the patch PA or may be distributed on the surface of the patch PA through a microcavity of the net structure NS forming the patch PA. can do.
  • the distribution position of the foreign material may be determined from the molecular weight of the foreign material or the size of the particles.
  • the shape of the patch PA may be modified while the absorption is performed.
  • the volume, color, etc. of the patch PA may change.
  • external conditions such as temperature change and physical state change may be added to the absorption environment of the patch PA to activate or slow down the absorption of the patch PA.
  • absorption will be described as a function of the patch PA, in accordance with some examples of the outer region providing the material absorbed into the patch PA when absorption occurs.
  • the patch PA absorbs an external material from a separate outer plate PL.
  • the separate external substrate may exemplify a plate PL, etc., in which the external material may be located while not absorbing the external material.
  • a material may be applied to the outer plate PL.
  • the plate PL may be coated with a material in powder form.
  • the material applied to the plate PL may be a single component or a mixture of multiple components.
  • the plate PL may have a flat plate shape.
  • the plate PL may be modified in shape to improve storage properties of the material. For example, it is possible to form a well to improve storage properties, to deform the surface of the plate PL in an engraved or embossed form, or to improve contact with the patch PA by using a patterned plate PL. It may be.
  • Absorption of a material from the plate PL by the patch PA according to the present application may be caused by contact between the plate PL and the patch PA.
  • the water film due to the liquid material SB captured in the patch PA and / or the material applied to the plate PL (WF) can be formed.
  • an aquaplane (WF, aquaplane) is formed in the contact area, the material applied to the plate (PL) can be captured in the water film (WF).
  • the material trapped in the water film WF may freely flow in the patch PA.
  • the water film WF moves along with the patch PA so that the material applied to the plate PL is applied to the patch PL.
  • PA can be absorbed.
  • the material applied to the plate PL may be absorbed into the patch PA as the patch PA is spaced apart from the plate PL by a predetermined distance or more.
  • the liquid substance SB provided to the patch PA does not move to the plate PL, or only a slight amount of the patch PA. Can be absorbed).
  • All or part of the material applied to the plate PL may specifically react with all or part of the material trapped in the patch PA.
  • the absorption of the material from the separate plate PL by the patch PA may be selectively performed. In particular, this may be the case when the patch PA has a stronger attraction force than the plate PL with respect to a part of the material trapped in the patch PA.
  • some materials may be fixed to the plate PL.
  • some materials are fixed to the plate PL and some materials are not fixed or may be applied with fluidity.
  • the patch PA and the plate PL are in contact with and separated from each other, only the material except for the fixed part of the material applied to the plate PL may be selectively absorbed into the patch PA.
  • selective absorption may occur due to the polarity of the material located in the plate PL and the material trapped in the patch PA, regardless of fixation.
  • the patch PA when the liquid material SB captured in the patch PA specifically binds to at least a portion of the material applied to the plate PL, the patch PA may be attached to the plate (P). When contacted with and separated from the material applied to PL), only at least a part of the specifically bound material of the material applied to the plate PL may be absorbed into the patch PA.
  • some of the material applied to the plate PL may specifically react with a material previously fixed to the plate PL. In this case, only the remainder of the material applied to the plate PL may be absorbed into the patch PA except for a material that specifically reacts with a material previously fixed to the plate PL.
  • the patch PA absorbs the material from the outer plate PL.
  • the patch PA may absorb a portion of the material located on the outer plate PL from the outer plate PL.
  • Absorption of the material may include forming a water film WF near a contact area between the outer plate PL and the patch PA by contacting the outer plate PL with the patch PA. This can be achieved by allowing the material to move into the patch PA through WF).
  • the material SL having fluidity may be a liquid external material contained in a separate storage space or flowing. More specifically, the fluid material SL and the liquid material SB trapped in the patch PA have an environment in which they can flow with each other, whereby a part or part of the fluid material SL is present. All may be absorbed into the patch PA. In this case, the mutually flowable environment may be formed by at least partially contacting the patch PA with the fluid SL.
  • the patch PA may be in a state where the material SL and the fluid may move.
  • the patch PA is separated from the flowable material SL, at least a part of the flowable material SL may be absorbed into the patch PA.
  • Absorption of the material into the patch PA from the fluid SL may depend on the concentration difference between the material trapped in the patch PA and the fluid SL.
  • the liquid substance SB trapped in the patch PA is more concentrated in the predetermined additive substance AS than the concentration of the fluid SL in relation to the predetermined additive substance AS.
  • the concentration is low, the predetermined additive material AS may be absorbed into the patch PA.
  • the material when the material is absorbed from the fluid SL to the patch PA, in addition to depending on the concentration difference in the contacted state as described above, by adding an electrical factor or by changing the physical conditions The absorption of the patch PA can be controlled. Furthermore, the material captured by the patch PA and the material to be absorbed may not be directly contacted, but may be indirectly contacted through a medium to absorb the material.
  • the patch PA may absorb a portion of the flowable material SL.
  • Absorption of the material may include a liquid material SB captured by the patch PA by being injected into the material SL having the fluidity or contacting the material SL having the fluidity.
  • the fluid SL may be made to move with each other.
  • Absorption of an external material from the patch PA by the patch PA may include absorption of the external material and the material trapped in the patch PA and the external material and the patch PA.
  • the absorbent material is hydrophilic
  • the patch PA is hydrophilic
  • the attraction force between the absorbed material and the patch PA is the attraction force between the other patch PA and the absorbed material.
  • the patch PA3 may absorb a portion of the material located in the other patch PA4.
  • Absorption of the substance may include the liquid substance SB captured by the patch PA3 and the liquid substance SB captured by the other patch PA4 by contacting the patch PA3 with another patch PA4. ) Can be achieved by interacting with each other.
  • the binding force of the patch PA to the absorbed external material may vary according to the ratio of the total volume of the patch PA of the frame structure of the three-dimensional net structure NS constituting the patch PA. Can be. For example, as the volume ratio of the frame structure to the entire patch PA increases, the amount of the material trapped in the structure may decrease. In this case, the bonding force between the patch PA and the target material may decrease due to a decrease in contact area between the material captured in the patch PA and the target material.
  • the polarity of the patch PA may be controlled by adjusting the proportion of the material forming the net structure NS in the manufacturing step of the patch PA.
  • the degree of absorption may be adjusted by controlling the concentration of the agarose.
  • the separate area has a weak bonding force with respect to the material provided from the patch PA compared to the patch PA, and the patch PA and the other patch PA are contacted and separated, the absorption is performed.
  • the foreign material may be separated from the other patch PA together with the patch PA.
  • the patch PA according to the present application may perform a function of adjusting environmental conditions of a desired region by the above-described characteristics.
  • the patch PA may provide an environment resulting from the patch PA in a desired area.
  • Environmental conditions resulting from the patch PA may depend on the liquid substance SB trapped in the patch PA.
  • the patch PA may create a desired environment for the material located in the outer region so as to correspond to the properties of the material contained in the patch PA or to the properties of the material contained in the patch PA.
  • Adjusting the environment can be understood as changing the environmental conditions of the desired area.
  • the changing of the environmental conditions of the target area may be performed in such a way that the area affected by the patch PA extends to include at least a part of the desired area or the environment of the patch PA with the target area. It may be implemented in a shared form.
  • the provision of the environment by the patch PA may be performed in a state in which the patch PA may move the material and the external area to provide the environment.
  • the provision of the environment by the patch PA can be performed due to the contact. For example, when the patch PA contacts a target area (eg, an external material, a plate PL, etc.), the patch PA may provide a specific environment in the target area. .
  • a target area eg, an external material, a plate PL, etc.
  • the patch PA may provide an environment such as pH, osmotic pressure, humidity, concentration, temperature, and the like to adjust the environment of the target area TA.
  • the patch PA may impart liquidity to the target area TA or the target material. This impartation of fluidity can occur due to some movement of the material trapped in the patch PA.
  • the wetting / moist environment may be provided to the target area TA through the liquid material SB to the base material BS captured by the patch PA.
  • Environmental factors provided by the patch PA may be kept constant according to the purpose.
  • the patch PA may provide homeostasis to the desired area.
  • environmental conditions of the desired area may be adapted to the material captured in the patch PA.
  • Providing an environment by the patch PA may be a result of the diffusion of the liquid material SB included in the patch PA. That is, when the patch PA and the target region contact, the movement of the material may be possible through the contact region formed by the contact.
  • an environmental change due to osmotic pressure, an environmental change due to ion concentration, a wet environment, a change in pH, and the like may be implemented according to the diffusion direction of the material.
  • the patch PA may provide a predetermined environment to the outer plate PL on which the fourth material SB4 and the fifth material SB5 are located.
  • the patch PA may provide a predetermined environment for forming the sixth material SB6 by reacting the fourth material SB4 and the fifth material SB5 to the plate PL. .
  • the water film (WF) is formed in the vicinity of the contact area by the patch (PA) in contact with the plate (PL) and the fourth material (SB4) and the fifth material in the formed water film (WF) (SB5) can be made by being captured.
  • the patch PA according to the present application may be implemented to perform various functions by appropriately applying the functions of the above-described patch PA.
  • the patch PA may provide a reaction zone of a material.
  • the reaction of the material may occur in at least a part of the spatial region affected by the patch PA.
  • the reaction of the substance, the reaction between the liquid substance (SB) trapped in the patch (PA), and / or the substance provided from the outside of the patch (PA) and the liquid substance (SB) trapped. Can be.
  • Providing a reaction zone of the substance may be to activate or promote the reaction of the substance.
  • the liquid substance (SB) trapped in the patch (PA) is a substance introduced at the time of fabrication of the patch (PA), is added to the patch (PA) after fabrication and stored in the patch (PA) At least one of the material being and the material temporarily trapped in the patch (PA).
  • the material is captured in the patch PA at the time when the reaction in the patch PA is activated, it is irrespective of whether it is captured in the patch PA in any form. Can react.
  • a material to be introduced after fabrication of the patch PA to act as a reaction initiator.
  • the provision of the reaction zone of the reaction involving the liquid substance SB trapped in the patch PA may be an exemplary sub-concept of the table of contents described above in 2.1.3 (ie, the provision of the reaction space). Or, it may be a multi-concept that performs the combined functions of the above-listed 2.1.3 and 2.2.4.2 (ie, absorption) tables of contents.
  • the present invention is not limited thereto, and two or more functions may be implemented in a merged form.
  • the absorption function of the patch PA and the provision function of the reaction space are performed by one patch PA.
  • the absorption function and the providing function may be a function that is performed at the same time, may be a function that is performed at different time points, or may be sequentially performed to perform another function.
  • the patch PA further includes not only the absorbing and providing functions but also additional functions.
  • the patch PA may perform a function of capturing a material, and the material may be fluid even when the material is captured. If the distribution of some components of the liquid substance (SB) is non-uniform, the non-uniform components may diffuse. Even when the components of the liquid substance SB are uniformly distributed, the liquid substance SB may be in a state of mobility at a predetermined level due to irregular movement of particles. At this time, a reaction between materials, for example, specific binding between materials, may occur in the patch PA.
  • the fluid having a newly captured fluidity in the patch PA and the material trapped in the patch PA perform specific binding to each other. Form reactions may also be possible.
  • the reaction between the flowable material and the trapped material may be performed separately from any space in which the flowable material has been provided.
  • the patch PA absorbs the flowable material from any space
  • the patch PA is separated from the random space, so that the absorbed material and the patch PA Reaction of the trapped material may occur in the patch PA.
  • the patch PA may perform an absorption function of the fluid material, so that the reaction of the trapped material may occur.
  • a reaction between the absorbed material and the material trapped in the patch PA may occur by triggering the absorption of the fluid material of the patch PA.
  • the reaction may be performed in a space defined by the patch PA.
  • the composition of the liquid material SB captured in the patch PA may be changed.
  • the chemical composition may be changed before and after the reaction.
  • the composition distribution according to the position of the material in the patch PA may be changed. This can be exemplified by diffusion or by particles having specific attractive forces to other materials.
  • the composition of the liquid material SB is changed due to the reaction inside the patch PA, the material outside the patch PA and the patch PA (if there is a contact material, the contacted material). Due to the difference in concentration, some materials may be absorbed into the patch PA, or the materials may be released from the patch PA to the external material.
  • the patch PA may store a material and provide a reaction space of the stored material.
  • the reaction space provided by the patch PA may be a surface area of the microcavity or the patch PA formed by the mesh structure NS of the patch PA.
  • the reaction space may be a surface area of the patch PA.
  • the reaction space provided by the patch PA may serve to provide a specific environmental condition.
  • the patch PA may adjust the environmental conditions of the reaction while the reaction in the liquid substance SB located in the patch PA is in progress.
  • the patch PA can perform the function of a buffer solution.
  • the patch PA stores material through the net structure, and thus does not require a separate storage container.
  • the reaction space of the patch PA is the surface of the patch PA, it can be easily observed through the surface of the patch PA.
  • the patch (PA) may be designed to be modified in a form that is easy to observe.
  • the liquid substance SB stored in the patch PA may be modified or react with other kinds of substances.
  • the liquid substance SB stored in the patch PA may have a composition changed over time.
  • the reaction may be a chemical reaction in which the chemical formula is changed, or may mean a physical state change or a biological reaction.
  • the liquid material SB stored in the patch PA may be a material of a single component or a mixture including a plurality of components.
  • the patch PA may capture, absorb, release, and / or store fluid material as described above.
  • the patch PA may implement various embodiments of the patch PA that perform a function of providing a path of movement of a material. However, some embodiments will be described for more specific understanding.
  • the patch PA may be implemented to perform 2.2.4.1 (ie, table of contents for delivery) and 2.2.4.2 (ie, table of contents for absorption) among the functions of the patch PA described above.
  • the absorption function and the delivery function may be provided together, may be provided sequentially.
  • the patch PA may perform the absorption and delivery functions together to provide a path of movement of the material.
  • Providing a path of movement of the foreign material by the patch PA may be performed by absorbing the foreign material and releasing the foreign material.
  • the patch PA may contact the external material to absorb the external material and contact the external area to transfer the external material to the external area.
  • the patch PA captures the foreign material and delivers the external material to the absorption and delivery process similar to the above-described absorption and delivery.
  • the foreign substance absorbed and delivered to the patch PA may be a liquid phase or a solid phase.
  • the patch PA may allow some materials to be transferred from the external material to the other external material.
  • the patch PA and the foreign material and other foreign material may be in contact at the same time.
  • the patch PA and the foreign material and other foreign materials may contact the patch PA at different times.
  • the patch PA, the external material, and another external material may be contacted at different time points.
  • the patch PA and the external material are contacted first, and after the external material and the patch PA are separated, the patch PA and the other external material are contacted.
  • the material may be contacted.
  • the patch PA may temporarily store a material captured from the external material.
  • the patch PA may additionally provide a delay in time while providing a path of movement of the material.
  • the patch PA may perform a function of appropriately adjusting the amount and rate of delivery of the substance to other foreign substances.
  • such a series of processes may be performed in one direction based on the patch (PA).
  • absorption of the material may be made through one surface of the patch PA, and an environment may be provided in the internal space of the patch PA, and the material may be released through the other surface facing the one side. Can be.
  • the patch PA may absorb and release the material among the functions of the patch PA and provide a reaction space of the material. At this time, the absorption, release and provision of the reaction space of the material may be performed simultaneously or sequentially.
  • the patch PA may provide a reaction space to the absorbed foreign material for at least some time in performing the process of absorbing and releasing the foreign material.
  • the patch PA may provide a specific environment for the liquid material SB captured in the patch PA including the absorbed external material for at least some time.
  • the liquid substance SB trapped in the patch PA and the external substance trapped in the patch PA may react inside the patch PA.
  • the foreign material absorbed by the patch PA may be affected by the environment provided by the patch PA.
  • the material released from the patch PA may include at least a part of the material produced through the reaction.
  • the external material may be released by changing the composition, properties, etc. from the patch (PA).
  • the absorbed material may be released from the patch PA. It can be understood that the foreign material is absorbed in the patch PA and released from the patch PA passes through the patch PA.
  • the external material passing through the patch PA may lose its identity due to the reaction inside the patch PA or the influence of the environment provided by the patch PA.
  • Absorption of the external material, reaction of the material, and delivery of the material may be performed in one direction.
  • absorption of the material may be performed at one location of the patch PA, provision of the environment at another location, and release of the material at another location.
  • the patch PA may provide a path of movement of the material between the plate PL1 coated with the seventh material SB7 and the plate PL2 coated with the eighth material SB8. have.
  • the patch PA may be attached to the plates PL1 and PL2.
  • the seventh material SB7 may be moved through the patch PA to be combined with the eighth material SB8 by contacting them.
  • the seventh material SB7 and the eighth material SB8 are connected to the patch PA in the water film WF formed by contacting the patches PA with the plates PL1 and PL2. You can.
  • 29 and 30 illustrate an embodiment of a patch PA according to the present application, which provides a path of movement of material between two patches.
  • the patch PA6 providing the movement path may be in contact with the patch PA5 storing the movement target material and the patch PA7 receiving the movement target material.
  • the patch PA6 providing the movement path contacts the patch PA5 for storing the substance to be moved and the patch PA7 for receiving the substance to be moved. ) Can be moved.
  • the movement of material between each patch can be achieved through the water film WF formed near the contact area between the patches.
  • 31 and 32 illustrate an embodiment of a patch according to the present application, which provides a path of movement of material between two patches.
  • the patch PA9 providing the movement path may be in contact with the patch PA8 storing the ninth material SB9 and the patch PA10 receiving the material.
  • the patch PA9 providing the movement path may absorb the ninth material SB9 by contacting the patch PA8 storing the ninth material SB9.
  • the absorbed ninth material SB9 may react with the tenth material SB10 stored in the patch PA9 providing the movement path to form the eleventh material.
  • the eleventh material SB11 may be transferred from the patch PA9 providing the movement path to the patch PA10 receiving the material.
  • the movement of the material between the patches PA may be performed through the water film WF formed near the contact area between the patches PA.
  • the patch PA may be used alone, or a plurality of patches PA may be used together.
  • that the plurality of patches PA may be used together includes not only the case where they are used simultaneously but also the case where they are used sequentially.
  • each patch PA may perform a different function.
  • Each patch PA of the plurality of patches PA may store the same material, but may store different materials.
  • each patch PA is not in contact with each other so that the movement of the material between the patches PA may not occur, or the mutual exchange of materials stored in each patch PA may occur. It is also possible to perform the desired function in the possible state.
  • the plurality of patches PA used together may be manufactured in a similar shape or the same standard, but may be used together in the case of a plurality of patches PA having different shapes.
  • each patch PA constituting the plurality of patches PA may have different densities of the net structure NS, or different components forming the net structure NS.
  • the plurality of patches PA may contact one target area TA.
  • the plurality of patches PA may contact one target area TA to perform a desired function.
  • the plurality of patches PA may contact different target areas TA when the plurality of target areas TA is plural. When the plurality of target areas TA is present, the plurality of patches PA may contact the target areas TA corresponding to the plurality of patches PA to perform a desired function.
  • the plurality of patches PA may be in contact with a material applied to the target area TA.
  • the material applied to the target area TA may be fixed or have fluidity.
  • the desired function may be a delivery or absorption function of a substance.
  • each patch PA does not necessarily deliver the same material or absorb the same material, and each patch PA delivers a different material to the target area TA, or is located in the target area TA. It can absorb different components from the material.
  • the desired function may be different for each patch PA constituting the plurality of patches PA.
  • one patch PA may perform a function of transferring a material to the target area TA
  • the other patch PA may perform a function of absorbing a material from the target area TA.
  • the plurality of patches PA may include different materials, and the different materials may be delivered to one target area TA to induce a desired reaction.
  • the plurality of components may be stored in the patch PA and delivered to the target area TA.
  • the use of such a plurality of patches (PA) may be particularly useful when the materials required for the reaction are mixed, such as stored in a single patch (PA), if the properties of the materials required for the desired reaction are lost or altered. have.
  • the material of the different components when the plurality of patches (PA) comprises a material of different components and the material of the different components have different specific binding relationship, the material of the different components to the target region ( TA).
  • the plurality of patches PA may be used to detect a plurality of specific bindings from a material applied to the target area TA by transferring materials of the different components.
  • the plurality of patches PA may include materials of the same component, and each patch PA may have a different concentration with respect to the materials of the same component.
  • the plurality of patches PA including the materials of the same component may contact the target area TA and may be used to determine the influence of the concentration of the materials included in the plurality of patches PA.
  • the configuration of the plurality of patches PA to be used can be used differently each time. That is, the plurality of patches PA can be manufactured and used in the form of a cartridge. At this time, the shape of each patch PA used can also be suitably standardized and manufactured.
  • the plurality of patches PA in the form of cartridge may be suitable when a patch PA for storing a plurality of types of substances is prepared, and if desired, the selected patch PA is used.
  • a combination of specific reactions to be detected may be configured and performed each time the detection is performed. There will be.
  • FIG. 33 illustrates an embodiment of a patch PA according to the present application, in which a plurality of patches PA are used together.
  • the plurality of patches PA according to the exemplary embodiment of the present application may be simultaneously in contact with the target area TA positioned on the plate PL.
  • Each patch PA constituting the plurality of patches PA may have a standardized form.
  • the plurality of patches PA may include a first patch and a second patch, and a material stored in the first patch may be different from a material stored in the second patch.
  • the plate PL includes a plurality of target areas TA.
  • the plurality of patches PA according to the exemplary embodiment of the present application may be simultaneously in contact with the plurality of target areas TA positioned on the plate PL.
  • the plurality of patches PA includes a first patch PA and a second patch PA, and the plurality of target areas TA includes a first target area and a second target area.
  • the patch may contact the first target area and the second patch may contact the second target area.
  • the plurality of patches PA may perform a plurality of functions. As described above, each patch PA may perform a plurality of functions at the same time, and each patch PA may perform a different function at the same time. However, the present invention is not limited thereto, and each function may be performed in combination in a plurality of patches PA.
  • each patch PA may perform both storage and release of the material.
  • each patch PA may store a different material and release each stored material in the target area TA. In this case, each stored material can be released simultaneously or sequentially.
  • each patch PA may be performed by dividing the storage and release of the material. In this case, only some of the patches PA may be in contact with the target area TA, and may release the material into the target area TA.
  • each patch PA can simultaneously perform storage, release and absorption of the material.
  • each of the patches PA may be performed by dividing the storage, release and absorption of the material.
  • the present invention is not limited thereto, and each function may be performed in combination in a plurality of patches PA.
  • At least some of the plurality of patches PA may store a material and release the stored material to the target area TA. In this case, at least some other of the plurality of patches PA may absorb the material from the target area TA. Some of the plurality of patches PA may emit a material specifically binding to a material positioned in the target area TA. In this case, detection of specific binding may be performed by absorbing a material that does not form the specific binding among the materials located in the target region TA using another patch PA.
  • each patch PA may simultaneously perform storage, release and provision of the environment at the same time.
  • each of the patches PA may perform a separate storage, release and provision of the environment.
  • the present invention is not limited thereto, and each function may be performed in combination in a plurality of patches PA.
  • one patch PA among the plurality of patches PA may release the stored material to the target area TA.
  • another patch PA may provide an environment to the target area TA.
  • the providing of the environment may be implemented in a form of transferring the environmental conditions of the material stored in the other patch PA to the target area TA.
  • the reactant may be provided to the target area TA by one patch PA, and the other patch PA may contact the target area TA to provide a buffer environment.
  • the plurality of patches PA may be in contact with each other.
  • the at least one patch PA may store the material and release the stored material as another patch PA providing the environment.
  • the patch PA providing the environment is in contact with at least one patch PA that releases the material and is not in contact with each other, and can absorb the material from each patch PA.
  • Patch (PA) of the present application can be used for the culture of the culture.
  • the culture may include microorganisms such as bacteria or bacteria, or cells isolated from humans or animals.
  • the cells may be cells, tissues, organs, etc., which have undergone experimental cells or primary cultures.
  • the culture is not limited to the above examples, and may be any biological material that can be supplied with nutritional requirements by the culture patch of the present application to be described below.
  • bacterial culture is generally performed to process a diagnostic test such as staining or drug test on bacteria present in a sample (SA) taken from a patient. Since bacteria in the sample may be small in order to perform diagnostic tests, the bacteria are quantitatively increased through the culture.
  • SA sample
  • the culture patch (PA) can store the nutritional requirements necessary for the cultivation of bacteria.
  • Nutritional requirements may be appropriately modified depending on the type of culture. For example, if a particular bacterium is desired to be cultivated, the nutritional requirement component may be composed of components necessary for the cultivation of the specific bacterium. In another example, various nutritional requirements can be stored in the patch (PA) if one wishes to cultivate unspecified bacteria.
  • the culture patch (PA) can store a buffer solution in addition to the nutritional requirements.
  • the buffer solution may be a solution that meets the environmental conditions necessary for the culture to grow.
  • the buffer solution may adjust acidity, osmotic pressure, and the like.
  • the culture patch (PA) can be interpreted as storing culture media.
  • the culture method uses a culture patch (PA) and a plate (PL).
  • the plate PL may be a petri dish, slide glass, or the like, which is traditionally used for biological culture.
  • 35 is a flow chart related to one embodiment of a culture method according to the present application.
  • the step of placing the culture in the reaction forever (S200) and the step of delivering the nutritional requirement to the reaction zone using the culture patch (PA) ( S300) may be included.
  • Preparation of the culture ie bacteria BAC, can be placed on the plate PL.
  • the plate PL may mean a solid plate such as a plate made of a general slide glass, polystyrene, polypropyrene, or the like.
  • the plate PL may have a different shape or transparency depending on a detection method.
  • the plate PL may include a reaction region in contact with the patch PA or in which a desired reaction may occur.
  • 36 is a view showing the culture application according to the present application.
  • Bacteria may be applied to the reaction region of the plate (PL) (S200).
  • Application can be in a variety of ways.
  • the application of bacteria (BAC) may be performed using an application member such as a cotton swab.
  • the inspector may collect bacteria (BAC) from the subject using the coating member, and place the coating member on the plate PL by rubbing the coating member into the reaction region of the plate PL.
  • BAC bacteria
  • the collection and application of a culture such as bacteria is not necessarily limited to the above-described examples, and the culture is usually formed on the reaction region of the plate PL through various methods used for collecting and applying conventional bacteria or cells. It can be applied to.
  • tissue culture it is also possible to culture tissues instead of culturing cells or bacteria free from living tissues.
  • tissue culture a thin film of tissue sections may be taken from the tissue, and then the culture may be prepared by placing the tissue sections in a reaction region on the plate PL.
  • the culture patch (PA) may be used to deliver the nutritional requirement to the reaction zone (S300).
  • the culture patch PA delivers the nutritional requirement to the reaction zone, whereby the culture may be supplied with the nutritional requirement to grow.
  • FIG. 37 is a flow chart of the steps of delivering a nutritional requirement using a culture patch in one embodiment of the culture method according to the present application.
  • step S300 a nutrition patch is delivered to the reaction region using the culture patch PA, the step of contacting the culture patch PA to the reaction region (S310) and the culture patch being contacted with the reaction region. Separating from (S320) may include.
  • the culture patch PA may be contacted with the reaction region (S310).
  • the water film WF may be formed between the culture patch PA and the plate PL.
  • Nutritional requirements stored in the culture patch (PA) can be transferred from the culture patch (PA) to the reaction zone through the water film (WF).
  • the culture may be fed with nutritional requirements delivered to the reaction zone to effect growth.
  • the culture patch PA may be separated from the reaction region (S320).
  • the culture patch PA is separated from the reaction zone, delivery of the nutrient requirement from the culture patch PA to the reaction zone through the water membrane WF is stopped. Interruption of the delivery of nutrient-required ingredients can stop growth of the culture. Therefore, it is possible to control the growth of the culture by separating the culture patch (PA) from the reaction zone.
  • the water film WF may be absorbed into the patch PA. Can be absorbed).
  • the culture may also be absorbed into the culture patch PA or moved to the contact surface side between the culture patch PA and the reaction region.
  • the culture patch PA
  • the fixing may be made using various fixing agents.
  • the fixative may be selected from materials which fix the culture to the plate PL without disturbing the growth of the culture or killing the culture.
  • the fixative may be sprayed in solution into the reaction region of the plate PL.
  • the culture patch is plated by contacting and separating the fixation patch PA storing the fixative to the reaction zone so that the fixative is transferred to the reaction zone. It can also be fixed at.
  • the patch PA storing the fixed solution may be prepared to have hydrophobicity.
  • the material of the hydrophobic patch (PA) includes PDMS gel, PMMA gel, silicone gel and the like.
  • fixative is solidified instead of the fixed patch (PA) to fix the culture.
  • PA fixed patch
  • An example is solidified-methanol.
  • the nutrient required components delivered to the reaction zone are reabsorbed into the patch PA during the separation of the patch PA, but some of the required components delivered to the reaction zone are not resorbed to the culture patch PA. And may remain in the reaction zone.
  • reaction zone may be washed after separation of the culture patch (PA) (S320).
  • Washing may be performed by spraying the washing solution into the reaction zone.
  • the washing may be performed using a patch PA storing the wash solution, ie a washing patch PA.
  • a washing patch PA storing the wash solution
  • the washing patch PA may be contacted and separated from the reaction zone.
  • the washing patch PA may absorb and remove impurities, residual nutritional requirements, and the like of the plate PL.
  • the washing solution used may be TBS or PBS to which tween-20 is added.
  • the culture can be cultured using the patch PA in a state of being coated on the plate PL.
  • the culture since the culture does not move freely on the plate PL and grows with a two-dimensional arrangement, there is an advantage of easily grasping the growth of the culture.
  • the method may deliver the nutritional requirement component upon contact of the patch PA and stop delivery of the nutritional requirement component upon separation of the patch PA.
  • the nutritional requirement already delivered to the reaction zone is reabsorbed into the patch PA during the separation of the patch PA, it is possible to precisely control the interruption of the delivery of the nutritional requirement. Accordingly, there is an advantage that can accurately control the growth of the culture compared to the conventional method. This advantage can be further accentuated by the cleaning procedure with the washing patch (PA).
  • the culture method is performed using one patch (PA) for one plate (PL).
  • PA patch
  • PL plate
  • at least one of the plate PL and the patch PA may be plural.
  • the culture may be applied to each of the plurality of plates PL, and the culture patch PA may be contacted with the reaction region of each plate PL.
  • each of the culture patches PA may have a different kind, concentration, or the like of the nutritional requirement components stored therein. That is, the cultures may be simultaneously performed by supplying different kinds or concentrations of nutritionally required components to the same culture in each plate PL. According to this, it is possible to know the type or concentration of optimal nutritional requirements for a particular culture.
  • the culture after applying different kinds of culture to each plate (PL), the culture can be cultured using the culture patch (PA) for storing the nutritional requirements of the same concentration and components.
  • the culture patch PA used may also store nutritional requirements of different types or concentrations.
  • the cultivation can be performed even when only a small amount of the sample is applied to the slide glass, and thus, the overall experiment time can be shortened by performing various kinds of cultivation at the same time.
  • Culture test method means to test the growth of the culture.
  • a culture test can be utilized to determine how much the culture grows for various nutritional requirements, if the type of culture is known.
  • the culture test may be used to determine the type of culture in reverse by supplying a specific nutritional requirement and then examining the extent to which the culture has grown, if the type of culture is unknown.
  • the culture test may be utilized to examine whether the culture is sufficiently grown to stain or observe the culture after the culture.
  • the culture test method according to the present application can be used to test the growth of the culture cultured by the culture method using the above-described culture patch (PA), as well as by various culture methods not mentioned in the present application It can also be used to examine cultures or cultures taken directly from patients or animals without going through culture.
  • PA culture patch
  • the culture test can be performed by taking an image of the culture on the reaction area of the plate PL and analyzing the taken image.
  • Photographing of the image may be performed on cultures that have not been treated separately for imaging.
  • a dye patch which stores a stained sample
  • a patch which stores antigens, antibodies, or other specific binding substances that biochemically react with the culture
  • a patch which stores antigens, antibodies, or other specific binding substances that biochemically react with the culture
  • color development, fluorescent color development, etc. can be induced, and an image thereof can be taken.
  • imaging of the image may be performed using an optical device.
  • the optical device may be any device capable of acquiring an image at a magnification suitable for detecting a culture of cells or bacteria located in the reaction region.
  • the optical device may include an optical sensor composed of a CCD or a CMOS, a barrel for providing an optical path, a lens for adjusting magnification or a focal length, a memory for storing an image captured by the CCD or CMOS, and the like.
  • 39 to 41 are views for taking an image of the culture according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the optical device OD may directly photograph a culture in a state of being coated on the plate PL.
  • the optical device OD may receive light transmitted from the light source LS and transmitted through the plate PL on which the culture is applied to obtain an image of the culture.
  • the optical apparatus OD may capture an area where the culture is applied in a state in which the culture patch PA is separated from the plate PL.
  • the plate PL may be preferably made of a material through which light emitted from the light source is transmitted as well as possible.
  • the light source may emit white light or may emit a wavelength of a specific band.
  • the optical instrument OD is disposed on the surface to which the culture of the slide glass is applied (hereinafter referred to as 'front') and the light source LS is located on the opposite side of the front surface of the slide glass, that is, on the rear surface. Can be deployed. According to this arrangement, the optical device OD may receive an image of the culture by receiving light passing through the slide glass from the light source LS at the rear side of the slide glass.
  • the optical device OD may be disposed on the rear surface of the slide glass and the light source LS may be disposed in front of the slide glass. According to such an arrangement, the optical device OD may receive an image of the culture by receiving light passing through the slide glass from the light source LS at the front side of the slide glass.
  • the optical device OD may capture an area where the culture is applied while the culture patch PA is in contact with the plate PL.
  • the optical device OD may be disposed on the rear surface of the slide glass and the light source LS may be disposed in front of the slide glass. According to this arrangement, the optical device OD may be irradiated from the light source LS at the front side of the slide glass to receive light passing through the patch PA and the slide glass to obtain an image of the culture.
  • the optical device OD When imaging an image in the state in which the patch PA contacted the plate PL, the optical device OD may be arrange
  • the optical device OD when the optical device OD is disposed on the front side, the optical device OD needs to capture an image through the patch PA, so it may be difficult to obtain a clear image because of difficulty in focusing.
  • the optical device OD is disposed on the rear surface of the plate PL.
  • the light source LS is disposed on the front surface of the plate PL to transmit light through the patch PA to the plate PL.
  • the light source LS has an advantage in uniformity of luminance due to light scattering or diffusion occurring in the patch PA. There may be.
  • the optical device OD when the optical device OD is disposed on the front of the plate PL and the image is to receive light passing through the patch PA, it may be important to finely and uniformly control the thickness of the patch PA. have.
  • the patch PA may serve as a kind of optical filter.
  • Measurement of the growth of the culture according to the culture test can be performed by acquiring numerical information or morphological information of various cultures from the captured image.
  • the image may be provided to the examiner through a monitor of a computer or medical equipment.
  • the examiner can determine the growth of the culture by identifying the number, size, and shape of cells, tissues, blood cells, and bacteria from the image.
  • an electronic device equipped with an image analysis program may acquire an image from an optical device, and determine the growth rate of the culture by grasping the number, size, and shape of cells, tissues, blood cells, and bacteria from the image.
  • the image analysis program may analyze the captured image.
  • the image analysis program may acquire the numerical information and the morphological information of the culture from the captured image.
  • the numerical information may include the number or size of the culture
  • the morphological information may include the size of the culture or the shape of the culture.
  • the image analysis program may determine the type of culture or the degree of growth of the culture based on the numerical information or morphological information.
  • the above-described image analysis program may perform the above-described determination process according to a predetermined algorithm or according to an algorithm formed through machine learning such as deep learning.
  • the culture test method according to an embodiment of the present application, the step of placing the culture to be tested in the reaction area (S200) and the step of contacting the culture patch (PA) to the culture ( S310), the step of separating the culture patch (PA) from the reaction zone (S320) and the state in which the patch (PA) is separated from the reaction zone, taking an image of the culture on the plate (S400 ') and the image
  • the analysis may include determining growth information of the culture (S500).
  • Figure 43 is an operation of one embodiment of a culture test method of the present application.
  • the culture test according to the culture method described above by placing the culture in the reaction region of the plate (PL) (S200), by contacting the patch (PA) (S310) to supply the nutrients required components to the culture After growing the culture, separating the patch (S320) and then photographing the reaction region of the plate (PL) in the absence of the patch (PA) to obtain an image of the culture, by analyzing the obtained image Can be performed.
  • the degree of growth of the culture may be determined based on the number or size of the culture according to the analysis of the image (S500).
  • 44 is a flowchart of a modification of one embodiment of a culture test method of the present application.
  • one modification of the embodiment of the culture test method of the present application may further include obtaining an initial image of the culture located on the plate PL (S220).
  • the initial image may mean an image after the culture is applied to the plate PL, and then the growth required component is supplied to the culture before the culture grows.
  • the initial image may be performed after the culture is applied to the plate PL, but before the culture patch PA contacts the reaction region. Therefore, the initial image contains information on the number and size of the culture before growth in determining the growth of the culture (S500).
  • the growth degree of the culture may be determined by comparing the information about the culture obtained by analyzing the initial image and the information about the culture obtained by analyzing the image obtained in step S400 '.
  • the degree of growth may be determined through image comparison (eg, difference calculation) between the initial image and the image photographed at step S400 '.
  • the growth degree may be determined by further considering the incubation time, the type of the nutritional requirement component, and the amount of the nutritional requirement component.
  • growth may be determined by considering various external conditions including culture temperature and humidity.
  • another modification of the embodiment of the culture test method of the present application may acquire an image of a culture located on the plate PL a plurality of times.
  • the plurality of images may be images acquired at different time points after initiation of each culture. Accordingly, when determining the degree of culture, the growth of the culture can be determined by comparing and analyzing a plurality of images taken at different time points.
  • step S310 the step of placing the culture to be tested in the reaction region (S200) and the step of contacting the culture patch (PA) to the culture (S310) , Separating the culture patch (PA) from the reaction zone (S320) and taking the image of the culture on the plate (S400 ') with the patch (PA) separated from the reaction zone and a plurality of images Comparing and analyzing the growth information of the culture to determine the step (S500 ''), after step S400 'is finished, go back to step S310, step S310 to step S400' can be repeated a plurality of times.
  • step S310 and step S320 may be repeated using one culture patch (PA).
  • a plurality of culture patches PA may be prepared, and step S310 and step S320 may be performed while replacing the patch PA.
  • the patch PA may be replaced after repeating a predetermined number of times.
  • the step S400 ′ of capturing an image may be performed at different time points.
  • the step (S400 ′) of capturing an image may be performed at a predetermined time interval.
  • images may be acquired at 20 minute intervals.
  • the degree of growth of the culture may be determined by comparing and analyzing a plurality of images obtained in the taking of the image (S400 ′).
  • the growth rate of the culture made between the first time point and the second time point may be determined by comparing and analyzing the first image picked up at the first time point and the second image picked up at the second time point.
  • the step (S500 ') of comparing the images to determine growth information may include obtaining a plurality of images, acquiring the numerical or morphological information of the culture from the images, and differences in the numerical or morphological information of the culture between the images. Calculating the photographing time point information related to the plurality of images, calculating the time difference between the photographing time points between the images, and determining the growth degree of the culture over time in consideration of the time difference and the information difference. It can be configured as.
  • the step of determining growth information by comparing images may include obtaining a plurality of images, calculating a difference between the images according to a difference operation, obtaining photographing point information related to the plurality of images, and images. Comprising the time difference between the point of time between the shooting and the difference between the image and the difference in information can be configured to determine the growth of the culture over time.
  • step S500 is performed after steps S310 to S400 'are repeatedly performed.
  • the growth information of the culture can be determined by comparing and analyzing the obtained images.
  • steps S310 to S500 ′ may be repeated.
  • the growth information of the culture may be determined by comparing and analyzing the most recently acquired image and the previously acquired image at S500.
  • growth information may be periodically obtained according to a repetition time interval. For example, repeating step S310 to step S500 'every 20 minutes, the growth degree can be known at 20 minutes.
  • n may be one or more natural numbers.
  • the culture test method according to another embodiment of the present application, the step of placing the culture to be tested in the reaction area (S200) and the step of contacting the culture patch (PA) to the culture ( S310), in the state in which the patch PA is in contact with the reaction region, taking an image of the culture on the plate (S400 '') and analyzing the image to determine the growth information of the culture (S500). can do.
  • the culture patch (PA) was separated from the reaction area and then described as imaging.
  • the image may be captured while the culture patch PA is in contact with the reaction area.
  • FIG. 48 is a flowchart of an image photographing step in another embodiment of the culture test method according to the present application
  • FIG. 49 is an operation diagram of another embodiment of the culture test method of the present application.
  • the imaging step (S400 ′′) may include a surface (ie, a front surface) on which the light source LS is placed on the culture patch PA of the plate PL.
  • the step of irradiating light from the side (S410 ′′) and the optical device (OD) receiving the light from the side opposite to the surface on which the culture patch PA of the plate PL is placed (ie, the rear side) (S420 ′). May include ').
  • the culture patch PA continuously contacts the reaction region even during imaging. Therefore, according to this embodiment, there is no hassle to separate the culture patch (PA).
  • the growth of the culture is not stopped because the nutrient-required component is supplied from the culture patch PA to the culture even during imaging of the image.
  • the culture patch (PA) is not separated and the reaction zone is not exposed to air, there is an advantage that the reaction zone is not exposed to foreign substances including external bacteria.
  • the optical device OD may photograph the culture of the reaction region on the back side of the plate PL for ease of imaging.
  • a modification of another embodiment of the culture test method of the present application may acquire an image of a culture located on a plate PL a plurality of times.
  • the plurality of images may be images acquired at different time points after initiation of each culture. Accordingly, when determining the degree of culture, the growth of the culture can be determined by comparing and analyzing a plurality of images taken at different time points.
  • the step (S400 ′′) of photographing the repeated image may be performed at different time points.
  • the step (S400 ′′) of capturing an image may be performed at a predetermined time interval.
  • images may be acquired at 20 minute intervals.
  • the step (S400 ′′) of capturing an image may be capturing a moving image over time.
  • the degree of growth of the culture over time may be determined by comparing and analyzing the plurality of images obtained in the taking of the image (S400 ′′).
  • the growth rate of the culture made between the first time point and the second time point may be determined by comparing and analyzing the first image picked up at the first time point and the second image picked up at the second time point.
  • step S500 is performed after step S400 '' is repeatedly performed.
  • step S400 ′′ to step S500 ′ may be repeated.
  • the image can be captured while the patch PA is in contact with the reaction area without removing the patch PA, so that the image can be taken at a predetermined time period, as well as a video image.
  • the image can be taken at very short time intervals, it is also possible to analyze the growth rate in real time.
  • Drug test method means to test the performance of the drug.
  • Drug testing can be utilized to determine the effect of cultures on drugs.
  • drug testing can be performed to determine the effectiveness or sensitivity of antibiotics to bacteria.
  • drug testing can be utilized to determine the effects of drugs on various cells.
  • the drug test method according to the present application can be used to examine the effect of the drug on the culture cultured by the culture method using the patch (PA) described above, as well as various culture methods not mentioned in the present application It can also be used to examine the culture cultured by or a culture taken directly from a patient or animal without going through the culture.
  • PA patch
  • Drug testing can be performed by taking an image of the culture on the reaction area of the plate PL and analyzing the taken image.
  • the imaging of the image can be performed in a manner similar to the image imaging of the culture test described above.
  • the measurement of the efficacy of the drug according to the drug test may be performed by acquiring numerical information or morphological information of various cultures from the captured image.
  • the measurement of the efficacy of the drug may be performed in a manner similar to the measurement of the extent of growth of the culture test method.
  • 51 is a flowchart of an embodiment of a culture test method of the present application.
  • the culture patch PA absorbs the drug in a state where the culture patch PA contacts the reaction region (S310) (S600).
  • step S700 the culture patch PA delivers the drug to the reaction zone, the culture batch PA is separated from the reaction zone, S320, and the culture patch PA is separated from the reaction zone.
  • PL taking an image of the culture on the step (S400 ') and analyzing the image to examine the effect of the drug on the culture (S800).
  • FIG. 52 is an operation diagram of an embodiment of a drug test method of the present application.
  • one embodiment of the drug test method of the present application may perform a drug test on a culture cultured according to the culture method of the present invention described above. Therefore, in this embodiment, the culture patch PA may be started in contact with the reaction region of the plate PL on which the culture is located.
  • the culture patch PA may absorb the drug (S600).
  • a drug sheet DS containing the drug DR may be provided on one surface of the culture patch PA.
  • the culture patch PA may absorb the drug DR from the drug sheet DS into the culture patch PA.
  • the culture patch PA may deliver the drug to the reaction zone through the water film WF between the plate PL and the patch PA in contact with the plate PL. have.
  • Cultures in the reaction zone receive the drug delivered to the reaction zone and are affected by the drug. For example, if the culture is a bacterium and the drug is an antibiotic, the culture may be inhibited or killed by antibiotics.
  • the patch PA may be separated from the reaction region (S320), and the reaction region of the plate PL may be imaged (S400 ′).
  • the numerical information, morphological information of the culture can be obtained from the image, and based on this, the effect of the drug on the culture can be confirmed (S800).
  • the degree of bacterial growth inhibition and bacterial killing may be determined based on the change in size and number of bacteria caused by antibiotics.
  • the efficacy of the promoter can be determined by considering the growth rate of the cell and the amount of the substance secreted from the cell.
  • Determination of the effect of the drug may be performed similarly to determining the growth of the culture in the culture test, a detailed description thereof will be omitted.
  • the photographing of the image may be performed a plurality of times by repeating steps S310 to S400 ′.
  • the determination of the efficacy of the drug in the present embodiment may be performed periodically by repeating step S310 to step S800.
  • 53 is a flowchart of another embodiment of a culture test method of the present application.
  • the culture patch PA absorbs the drug while the culture patch PA contacts the reaction region (S310) (S600).
  • the culture patch PA delivers the drug to the reaction region, and the image of the culture on the plate PL is photographed while the culture patch PA contacts the reaction region. And analyzing the image to examine the effect of the drug on the culture (S800).
  • 54 is an operation diagram of another embodiment of a drug test method of the present application.
  • another embodiment of the drug test method of the present application may perform a drug test on a culture cultured according to the culture method of the present invention described above. Therefore, in this embodiment, the culture patch PA may be started in contact with the reaction region of the plate PL on which the culture is located.
  • the culture patch PA absorbs the drug (S600), and the culture patch PA delivers the drug to the reaction region (S700). It can be carried out similarly to the content described in one embodiment of the drug test method of the invention.
  • reaction area of the plate PL can be captured while the patch PA is in contact with the reaction area, that is, not separated from the reaction area (S400 ′′).
  • the determination of the effect of the drug may be performed based on the acquired image.
  • the effect of the drug may be growth inhibition information, for example. Since the drug effect is described in detail in one embodiment of the drug test, it will also be omitted.
  • 55 is a flow chart of another embodiment of a drug test method of the present application.
  • the step of placing a culture in the reaction area (S200) and the step of delivering a drug to the reaction area by the culture patch (S700) Taking an image of the culture on the plate PL (S400) and analyzing the image to examine the effect of the drug on the culture (S800).
  • the culture may be cultured by a culture method other than the culture method of the present application.
  • the drug test subject is expressed as a culture, but the drug test subject may be directly collected instead of the culture.
  • placing the culture in the reaction zone (S200) should be interpreted as meaning comprehensively to apply the culture according to the present application or other drug test object on the plate (PL).
  • 56 is an operation diagram of another embodiment of a drug test method of the present application.
  • the drug may be supplied to the drug test subject by contacting the patch PA with the reaction area on the plate PL (S700).
  • the patch PA stores the drug to be tested.
  • a drug patch (PA) may be a drug further stored in the culture patch (PA) used in the culture method of the present application.
  • the drug patch (PA) may be a drug stored in a patch (PA) different from the culture patch (PA) used in the culture method of the present application.
  • the drug patch (PA) may also additionally store additional growth requirements for the drug, necessary for basic growth of the drug test subject.
  • the culture when the drug is delivered to the culture, the culture may be affected by the drug to inhibit growth, kill or actively perform a specific reaction, or promote growth.
  • step S400 taking an image of the culture on the plate (PL) (S400), by analyzing the image can be examined the efficacy of the drug for the culture (S800).
  • S400 may be performed the same as or similar to step S400 'of one embodiment of the drug test method of the present application or step S400' 'of another embodiment.
  • step S800 of the present embodiment may be performed in the same or similar to the above-described step S800.
  • 57 is an illustration of culture images according to the present application.
  • the drug test method described above has been described as detecting the efficacy of the drug after delivering the drug to the culture on a single plate (PL) using a single patch (PA).
  • the reaction region on the plate PL is divided, the first patch PA is contacted with respect to one region, and the second patch PA is contacted with the other region, and then the region is different from the one region.
  • the response in each region may be analyzed to compare and examine the effects of the drug stored in the first patch PA and the drug stored in the second patch PA.
  • the drug test may be performed on the plurality of plates PL at the same time by using a plurality of different patches PA.
  • a first culture is placed on the first plate PL
  • a second culture is placed on the second plate
  • patches PA are respectively placed on the first plate PL and the second plate PL. It is also possible to observe the result after supplying the drug using.
  • each patch (PA) is the same component, it is possible to compare the results of different cultures react to the same drug.
  • FIG. 58 shows an embodiment of the inspection apparatus according to the present application.
  • the inspection apparatus may include a plate support part 200, a patch control part 300, and an imaging part 400.
  • the inspection apparatus according to the present embodiment includes a net structure NS that forms microcavities, and uses a patch capable of storing a liquid material SB in the microcavities, thereby applying a patch to the plate PL. Can be contacted or separated and images can be taken.
  • the plate support part 200 may support the plate PL on which the sample SA, which is a diagnosis target, is located in the reaction area.
  • the patch controller 300 uses the at least one patch PA used in the culturing method or the test method according to the embodiment of the present invention to react the patch PA so that the growth request component is delivered to the reaction region. You can control the relative position to the area.
  • the imaging unit 400 may capture an image of the reaction region to acquire an image of the reaction region.
  • the imaging unit 400 may include an image acquisition module.
  • the image acquisition module may include a camera module.
  • the imaging unit 400 may acquire an image for each part of the reaction area.
  • the imaging unit 400 may collect the obtained image for each part.
  • the inspection apparatus may further include a controller 100.
  • the control unit 100 may extract the number and morphological information of the culture by using an image analysis program, and determine the growth degree according to the culture, the growth inhibition according to the drug input, the degree of death, and the like.
  • 59 illustrates an example of a patch controller in an embodiment of an inspection apparatus according to the present application.
  • the patch controller 300 may include a patch selection module 310 and a contact control module 330.
  • the patch selection module 310 may select a control target patch PA. Selecting the patch to be controlled by the patch selector PA may be to select which of the plurality of patches PA to be in contact with the reaction region.
  • the contact control module 330 may control the contact state between the selected patch PA and the reaction region. Controlling the contact state may be controlling a relative position of the patch PA with respect to the reaction region.

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Abstract

La présente invention concerne un patch de culture, un procédé de culture, un procédé et appareil pour analyser une culture, et un procédé et appareil pour tester un médicament. Selon un mode de réalisation de la présente invention, un patch de culture comprend : les substances nécessaires à la croissance d'un matériel de culture ; et une structure de réseau, sous la forme d'une structure de réseau comportant des microcavités qui renferment les substances nécessaires à la croissance, pour transférer une partie des substances nécessaires à la croissance vers une zone de réaction par entrée en contact avec la zone de réaction dans laquelle le matériel de culture a été placé.
PCT/KR2017/002031 2016-02-23 2017-02-23 Patch de culture, procédé de culture, procédé et appareil d'analyse de culture, et procédé et appareil de test d'un médicament WO2017146507A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (7)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CA3015602A CA3015602C (fr) 2016-02-23 2017-02-23 Patch de culture, procede de culture, procede et appareil d'analyse de culture, et procede et appareil de test d'un medicament
US16/079,299 US11041842B2 (en) 2016-02-23 2017-02-23 Culturing patch, culturing method, culture test method, culture test device, drug test method, and drug test device
JP2018562491A JP6699879B2 (ja) 2016-02-23 2017-02-23 培養パッチ、培養方法、培養試験方法、培養試験デバイス、薬物試験方法及び薬物試験デバイス
CN201780025078.0A CN109073628B (zh) 2016-02-23 2017-02-23 培养贴片、培养方法、用于测试培养的方法和装置以及用于测试药物的方法和装置
EP23206371.9A EP4300070A3 (fr) 2016-02-23 2017-02-23 Patch de culture, procédé de culture, procédé et appareil d'analyse de culture, et procédé et appareil de test d'un médicament
EP17756845.8A EP3421992B1 (fr) 2016-02-23 2017-02-23 Patch de culture, procédé de culture, procédé et appareil d'analyse de culture, et procédé et appareil de test d'un médicament
US17/322,803 US20210340607A1 (en) 2016-02-23 2021-05-17 Culturing patch, culturing method, culture test method, culture test device, drug test method, and drug test device

Applications Claiming Priority (16)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US201662298959P 2016-02-23 2016-02-23
US62/298,959 2016-02-23
KR1020160069937A KR20170099738A (ko) 2016-02-23 2016-06-04 접촉식 염색 패치 및 그 제조 방법
KR1020160069938A KR20170099739A (ko) 2016-02-23 2016-06-04 접촉식 염색 보조 패치, 그 제조 방법 및 이를 이용하는 염색 방법
KR10-2016-0069936 2016-06-04
KR10-2016-0069938 2016-06-04
KR1020160069936A KR20170099737A (ko) 2016-02-23 2016-06-04 접촉식 염색 패치 및 이를 이용하는 염색 방법
KR10-2016-0069937 2016-06-04
KR10-2016-0095739 2016-07-27
KR1020160095739A KR20170099741A (ko) 2016-02-23 2016-07-27 테스트 키트
KR1020160118462A KR20170099742A (ko) 2016-02-23 2016-09-13 테스트 키트 및 이를 이용하는 염색 방법
KR10-2016-0118462 2016-09-13
KR1020160144551A KR20170099745A (ko) 2016-02-23 2016-11-01 진단 방법 및 이를 수행하는 기기
KR10-2016-0144551 2016-11-01
KR10-2017-0024392 2017-02-23
KR1020170024392A KR102175128B1 (ko) 2016-02-23 2017-02-23 배양 패치, 배양 방법, 배양 검사 방법, 배양 검사 장치, 약물 검사 방법 및 약물 검사 장치

Related Child Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US16/079,299 A-371-Of-International US11041842B2 (en) 2016-02-23 2017-02-23 Culturing patch, culturing method, culture test method, culture test device, drug test method, and drug test device
US17/322,803 Division US20210340607A1 (en) 2016-02-23 2021-05-17 Culturing patch, culturing method, culture test method, culture test device, drug test method, and drug test device

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JP2019184275A (ja) * 2018-04-03 2019-10-24 浜松ホトニクス株式会社 試料保持容器及びライトシート顕微鏡
JP7113645B2 (ja) 2018-04-03 2022-08-05 浜松ホトニクス株式会社 試料保持容器及びライトシート顕微鏡

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