WO2017135154A1 - Combustion control system and combustion control method - Google Patents

Combustion control system and combustion control method Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017135154A1
WO2017135154A1 PCT/JP2017/002772 JP2017002772W WO2017135154A1 WO 2017135154 A1 WO2017135154 A1 WO 2017135154A1 JP 2017002772 W JP2017002772 W JP 2017002772W WO 2017135154 A1 WO2017135154 A1 WO 2017135154A1
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Prior art keywords
exhaust gas
amount
boiler
combustion control
unit
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PCT/JP2017/002772
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French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
大也 藤井
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住友重機械工業株式会社
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Priority to MYPI2018702663A priority Critical patent/MY196603A/en
Publication of WO2017135154A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017135154A1/en
Priority to PH12018501633A priority patent/PH12018501633A1/en

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B35/00—Control systems for steam boilers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N5/00—Systems for controlling combustion

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a combustion control system and a combustion control method.
  • a boiler described in Patent Document 1 is known as a boiler for burning fuel.
  • biomass fuel which is an organic resource derived from animals and plants excluding fossil resources, is burned in a combustion furnace.
  • various controls are performed based on the results of various sensors in the system.
  • the present inventors have found that the amount of exhaust gas increases as the amount of water contained in the fuel increases (see, for example, FIG. 4).
  • the reason why the amount of exhaust gas increases when the amount of water in the fuel is large is that the water in the fuel that is not useful as energy evaporates, resulting in excess exhaust gas.
  • the lower heating value tends to decrease as the amount of water contained in the fuel increases. Therefore, when a desired amount of heat is to be obtained, if the amount of water contained in the fuel is large, it is necessary to increase the amount of fuel input.
  • the present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a combustion control system capable of suppressing an excessive amount of exhaust gas generated in a boiler.
  • a combustion control system is a combustion control system that controls combustion of a boiler, an exhaust gas amount detection unit that detects the amount of exhaust gas discharged from the boiler, and an exhaust gas amount An energy amount adjusting unit that adjusts the amount of energy obtained by the boiler using information on the amount of exhaust gas detected by the detecting unit.
  • the combustion control system includes an exhaust gas amount detection unit that detects the amount of exhaust gas discharged from the boiler. Thereby, the combustion control system can grasp
  • the combustion control system includes an energy amount adjustment unit that adjusts the amount of energy obtained by the boiler using information on the amount of exhaust gas detected by the exhaust gas amount detection unit. Therefore, the energy amount adjustment unit can adjust the amount of energy obtained by the boiler according to the generation state of the exhaust gas amount. Thereby, when the amount of exhaust gas becomes excessive, the energy amount can be adjusted by the energy amount adjustment unit so that the generation of the amount of exhaust gas can be suppressed. As described above, it is possible to suppress an excessive amount of exhaust gas generated in the boiler.
  • the exhaust gas amount detection unit may be configured by a measuring device that measures the flow rate of the exhaust gas. With such a configuration, the exhaust gas amount detection unit can directly detect the exhaust gas amount generated in the boiler, and can obtain an accurate exhaust gas amount.
  • the exhaust gas amount detection unit may detect the exhaust gas amount based on the operation information of the exhaust unit provided on the exhaust gas flow path through which the exhaust gas of the boiler circulates. With such a configuration, the amount of exhaust gas generated in the boiler can be indirectly detected. Therefore, the exhaust gas amount detection unit that detects indirectly when the one that is directly detected fails can function as a backup. In addition, the exhaust gas amount detection unit may detect the exhaust gas amount indirectly at normal times, and when the exhaust gas amount detection unit breaks down, it may be switched to a method of directly detecting the exhaust gas amount.
  • the energy amount adjustment unit may reduce the amount of energy obtained by the boiler. With such a configuration, when the amount of exhaust gas is large, the energy amount adjustment unit reduces the amount of energy, so that the exhaust gas generated in the boiler can be reduced.
  • the energy amount adjustment unit reduces the amount of energy obtained by the boiler by a predetermined amount based on a determination unit that determines whether or not the exhaust gas amount has exceeded a predetermined threshold, and a determination result of the determination unit And an adjustment unit.
  • the determination unit performs determination based on a predetermined threshold, it can be easily determined that the amount of exhaust gas has increased.
  • the adjustment unit decreases the energy amount by a predetermined amount, the calculation load can be reduced as compared with a case where control is performed to obtain the decrease amount by a single calculation.
  • a combustion control method is a combustion control method for controlling combustion of a boiler, and an exhaust gas amount detection step for detecting an exhaust gas amount discharged from a boiler, and an exhaust gas detected in the exhaust gas amount detection step An energy amount adjusting step of adjusting the amount of energy obtained by the boiler using the amount information.
  • FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a boiler system including a combustion control system according to the present embodiment.
  • FIG. 2 is a flowchart illustrating a control process executed by the combustion control system according to the present embodiment.
  • FIG. 3 is a graph showing the relationship between the lower heating value and the total moisture.
  • FIG. 4 is a graph showing the relationship between the total moisture and the exhaust gas amount ratio.
  • FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a boiler system equipped with a combustion control system according to the present embodiment.
  • the boiler system 1 includes a boiler facility 100, a boiler operation control unit 200, and a combustion control system 300.
  • the boiler facility 100 is a facility for treating exhaust gas discharged from the boiler 2 that burns fuel.
  • the boiler facility 100 includes a boiler 2, a water supply channel 3, a steam channel 4, an exhaust gas channel 6, an exhaust unit 7, and an exhaust cylinder 8.
  • the boiler 2 is a device for burning supplied fuel.
  • the kind of boiler 2 is not specifically limited, You may employ
  • a water supply channel 3 for supplying water to the boiler 2 and a steam channel 4 for discharging steam generated by heating the water supplied by the boiler 2.
  • a steam channel 4 for discharging steam generated by heating the water supplied by the boiler 2.
  • an exhaust gas flow path 6 through which exhaust gas generated from the boiler 2 circulates is connected to the boiler 2.
  • an exhaust unit 7 is provided for circulating the exhaust gas flowing through the exhaust gas channel 6 to the downstream side.
  • the exhaust part 7 is comprised by the induction ventilator which ventilates exhaust gas.
  • the exhaust section 7 is set to have a driving strength based on a current value of an induction fan control device to be described later.
  • An end portion on the downstream side of the exhaust gas passage 6 is connected to the exhaust cylinder 8.
  • the exhaust cylinder 8 is a chimney-like device for exhausting the exhaust gas discharged from the boiler 2 to the outside of the boiler equipment 100.
  • the boiler operation control unit 200 includes a fuel supply unit 21, a fuel supply channel 22, an air supply unit 23, an air supply channel 24, a heat input information transmission path 26, an LHV information transmission path 27, and a fuel amount.
  • An information transmission path 28 and a theoretical air amount information transmission path 29 are provided.
  • the fuel supply unit 21 is a device that supplies fuel to the boiler 2 via the fuel supply channel 22.
  • the fuel supply unit 21 is configured by a pump or the like, for example.
  • the biomass fuel which is an organic resource derived from animals and plants except a fossil resource may be employ
  • biomass fuel with much moisture content may be employ
  • the air supply unit 23 is a device that supplies combustion air to the boiler 2 via the air supply flow path 24.
  • the air supply part 23 may be comprised by a forced ventilator etc., for example.
  • a heat supply information transmission path 26 and an LHV information transmission path 27 are connected to a fuel supply system constituted by the fuel supply unit 21 and the fuel supply flow path 22.
  • the heat input amount information transmission path 26 transmits information related to heat input (amount of energy) set by the combustion control system 300 described later to the fuel supply system.
  • the LHV information transmission path 27 transmits information related to the lower heating value (LHV) to the fuel supply system.
  • LHV information is a value indicating how much heat is required.
  • the load on the boiler is set using information from the heat input amount information transmission path 26 and the LHV information transmission path 27, and the fuel is adjusted accordingly.
  • a fuel amount information transmission path 28 and a theoretical air amount information transmission path 29 for setting the air amount are connected to the air supply system.
  • the fuel amount information transmission path 28 transmits information related to the amount of fuel supplied to the boiler 2 to the air supply system.
  • the theoretical air amount information transmission path 29 transmits information related to the theoretical air amount, which is the amount of air necessary for combustion, to the air supply system. In the air supply system, air is adjusted according to the supplied fuel using information from the fuel amount information transmission path 28 and the theoretical air amount information transmission path 29.
  • the combustion control system 300 is a system that controls the combustion of the boiler 2.
  • the combustion control system 300 includes an exhaust gas amount detection unit 31 and a controller 32.
  • the exhaust gas amount detector 31 is means for detecting the amount of exhaust gas discharged from the boiler 2.
  • the controller 32 is a unit having a function of adjusting the energy amount of the boiler 2 based on the exhaust gas amount detected by the exhaust gas amount detection unit 31, and is configured by, for example, a CPU, a ROM, a RAM, and the like.
  • the exhaust gas amount detection unit 31 has a function of detecting the amount of exhaust gas discharged from the boiler 2. Specifically, the exhaust gas amount detection unit 31 includes an exhaust gas flow meter 41 that functions as a measuring device that measures the flow rate of exhaust gas. The exhaust gas flow meter 41 is provided in the exhaust cylinder 8 and can measure the flow rate of the exhaust gas discharged from the exhaust cylinder 8. The exhaust gas flow meter 41 transmits the measured exhaust gas flow rate as detection information to the controller 32 via the transmission path 51.
  • the exhaust gas amount detection unit 31 is configured by an IDF current value detection unit 42 that detects the exhaust gas amount.
  • the IDF current value detection unit 42 detects the amount of exhaust gas based on the operation information of the exhaust unit 7 provided on the exhaust gas passage 6 through which the exhaust gas of the boiler 2 flows.
  • the IDF current value detection unit 42 acquires the operation information of the exhaust unit 7 by detecting the current value of the induction fan (IDF) functioning as the exhaust unit 7 and detects the amount of exhaust gas based on the operation information. be able to. For example, when the IDF current value exceeds the upper limit, the IDF is in an operating state of overload. Therefore, the exhaust gas amount detection unit 31 can grasp that the exhaust gas amount is excessive.
  • the IDF current value detection unit 42 transmits the operation information of the exhaust unit 7 as detection information to the controller 32 via the transmission path 52.
  • the controller 32 includes a detection information acquisition unit 33 and an energy amount adjustment unit 34.
  • the detection information acquisition unit 33 has a function of acquiring information regarding the amount of exhaust gas transmitted from the exhaust gas flow meter 41 and information regarding the amount of exhaust gas transmitted from the IDF current value detection unit 42.
  • the energy amount adjustment unit 34 has a function of adjusting the amount of energy obtained by the boiler 2 using information on the amount of exhaust gas detected by the exhaust gas amount detection unit 31 and acquired by the detection information acquisition unit 33.
  • the energy amount adjustment unit 34 includes a determination unit 36 and an adjustment unit 37.
  • the determination unit 36 has a function of determining whether or not the amount of exhaust gas is large based on the information regarding the amount of exhaust gas acquired by the detection information acquisition unit 33. More specifically, the determination unit 36 has a function of determining whether or not the exhaust gas amount exceeds a predetermined threshold based on the information regarding the exhaust gas amount acquired by the detection information acquisition unit 33.
  • the determination unit 36 performs determination based on the IDF current value detected by the IDF current value detection unit 42 and the exhaust gas amount detected by the exhaust gas flow meter 41.
  • the determination unit 36 determines whether or not the IDF current value and the exhaust gas amount have exceeded the upper limit value (threshold value) in the past (for example, an average value for several minutes may be compared with the threshold value). It may be determined whether the amount of exhaust gas is large.
  • the determination using the two parameters of the IDF current value and the exhaust gas amount has an advantage that the system can be operated even at the time of a single failure as compared with the case of determination using one parameter.
  • the determination method by the determination part 36 is not specifically limited.
  • the detected IDF current value and the exhaust gas amount may be used to determine whether or not the exhaust gas amount is large depending on whether or not the upper limit value is exceeded.
  • the adjustment unit 37 has a function of adjusting the amount of energy (heat input) obtained by the boiler 2 based on the determination result of the determination unit 36. For example, the adjustment unit 37 has a function of reducing the amount of energy obtained by the boiler 2 when the determination unit 36 determines that the amount of exhaust gas is large. The adjustment unit 37 has a function of reducing the amount of energy obtained by the boiler 2 by a predetermined amount based on the determination result of the determination unit 36. For example, the adjustment unit 37 may adjust the energy amount by changing the value of the boiler master (BMCR). The adjustment unit 37 may reduce the boiler master by 1% when the amount of exhaust gas is large. However, the reduction amount of the boiler master may not be 1%, and a larger value or a smaller value may be set.
  • the boiler master means that combustion is performed at the design limit of the boiler 2 when the boiler master that controls the load of the boiler is 100%.
  • FIG. 2 is a view showing a flowchart of the control process executed by the combustion control system 300.
  • the adjustment unit 37 of the energy amount adjustment unit 34 of the controller 32 sets the boiler master (BMCR) to a predetermined value (step S100).
  • the predetermined value is indicated as “X%”, but X is an arbitrary number.
  • the IDF current value detection unit 42 detects the IDF current value and transmits it to the detection information acquisition unit 33 of the controller 32
  • the exhaust gas flow meter 41 detects the amount of exhaust gas and sends it to the detection information acquisition unit 33 of the controller 32. Transmit (exhaust gas amount detection step).
  • the determination unit 36 of the controller 32 determines whether or not the past IDF current value and exhaust gas amount (average value for the past 10 minutes) have exceeded the upper limit (step S110). In S110, when the determination unit 36 determines that each value does not exceed the upper limit, the adjustment unit 37 maintains the boiler master as X% (step S120), and repeats the process of S100 again.
  • step S130 energy amount adjustment step.
  • the boiler master becomes “(X ⁇ 1)%”.
  • step S140 the determination unit 36 of the controller 32 determines whether or not the past ID current value and exhaust gas amount (average value for the past 10 minutes) have exceeded the upper limit.
  • step S150 the adjustment unit 37 maintains the boiler master at (X-1)% (step S150), and after S10, S140 Repeat the process again.
  • step S160 energy amount adjustment step
  • the present inventors have found that the amount of exhaust gas increases as the amount of water contained in the fuel increases.
  • the exhaust gas amount ratio vertical axis
  • the moisture content horizontal axis
  • the amount of exhaust gas increases when the amount of water in the fuel is large is that the water in the fuel that is not useful as energy evaporates, resulting in excess exhaust gas.
  • the lower the calorific value horizontal axis
  • the lower heating value is reduced, even if a predetermined amount of fuel is added, if the amount of water is large, the desired amount of heat cannot be obtained. Therefore, when a desired amount of heat is to be obtained, if the amount of water contained in the fuel is large, it is necessary to increase the amount of fuel input. As described above, when the amount of water contained in the fuel is large, the amount of fuel input increases and the exhaust gas amount ratio also increases, resulting in a problem that the amount of exhaust gas generated in the boiler becomes excessive. When the amount of exhaust gas is excessive, wear of the exhaust gas system is likely to occur, and there is a problem that equipment damage due to abnormal wear occurs.
  • the combustion control system 300 includes an exhaust gas amount detection unit 31 that detects the amount of exhaust gas discharged from the boiler 2. Thereby, the combustion control system 300 can grasp
  • the combustion control system 300 includes an energy amount adjustment unit 34 that adjusts the amount of energy obtained by the boiler 2 using information on the amount of exhaust gas detected by the exhaust gas amount detection unit 31. Therefore, the energy amount adjusting unit 34 can adjust the amount of energy obtained by the boiler 2 according to the generation state of the exhaust gas amount. Thereby, when the amount of exhaust gas becomes excessive, the amount of energy can be adjusted by the energy amount adjustment unit 34 so that the generation of the amount of exhaust gas can be suppressed. As described above, it is possible to suppress an excessive amount of exhaust gas generated in the boiler 2.
  • the exhaust gas amount detection unit 31 includes an exhaust gas flow meter (measuring device) 41 that measures the flow rate of the exhaust gas. With such a configuration, the exhaust gas amount detection unit 31 can directly detect the exhaust gas amount generated in the boiler 2 and can obtain an accurate exhaust gas amount.
  • the exhaust gas amount detection unit 31 detects the exhaust gas amount based on the operation information of the exhaust unit 7 provided on the exhaust gas passage 6 through which the exhaust gas of the boiler 2 flows. .
  • the exhaust gas amount detection unit 31 that detects indirectly when something directly detected fails can function as a backup.
  • the exhaust gas amount detection unit 31 detects the exhaust gas amount indirectly at the normal time and the exhaust gas amount detection unit 31 breaks down, it may be switched to a method of directly detecting the exhaust gas amount as a backup.
  • an IDF current value detection unit 42 is employed as the exhaust gas amount detection unit 31.
  • the energy amount adjustment unit 34 reduces the amount of energy obtained in the boiler 2 when it is determined that the amount of exhaust gas is large. With such a configuration, when the amount of exhaust gas is large, the energy amount adjustment unit 34 can reduce the amount of energy, thereby reducing the exhaust gas generated in the boiler 2.
  • the energy amount adjustment unit 34 determines whether or not the exhaust gas amount has exceeded a predetermined threshold and the boiler 2 based on the determination result of the determination unit 36.
  • An adjustment unit 37 that reduces the amount of energy obtained by a predetermined amount.
  • the determination unit 36 makes a determination based on a predetermined threshold value, so that it can be easily determined that the amount of exhaust gas has increased.
  • the adjustment unit 37 reduces the energy amount by a predetermined amount, the calculation load can be reduced as compared with a case where control is performed to obtain the decrease amount by a single calculation.
  • the combustion control method is a combustion control method for controlling the combustion of the boiler 2, and an exhaust gas amount detection step for detecting the amount of exhaust gas discharged from the boiler 2 and an exhaust gas detected in the exhaust gas amount detection step.
  • the present invention is not limited to the embodiment described above.
  • control processing by the controller 32 is not limited to the flowchart shown in FIG. 2, and may be changed as appropriate within the scope of the present invention.
  • control for increasing the boiler master may be added or may be performed separately.
  • the boiler master may be increased by satisfying a predetermined condition in S120, S150, and the like.
  • the boiler master may be prevented from lowering.
  • you may perform control processing which increases a boiler master.
  • the amount of exhaust gas may be suppressed by performing control such as constant air ratio operation.
  • the energy amount adjustment unit adjusts the energy amount by automatic control.
  • the energy amount adjustment unit may be configured by an interface or the like that can accept an operator's input.
  • the operator may confirm the state of the amount of exhaust gas on a monitor or the like and perform an operation so as to adjust the amount of energy of the boiler based on the situation.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Regulation And Control Of Combustion (AREA)
  • Control Of Steam Boilers And Waste-Gas Boilers (AREA)

Abstract

Provided is a combustion control system for controlling combustion of a boiler, the combustion control system comprising: an exhaust gas amount detection unit for detecting an exhaust gas amount exhausted from the boiler; and an energy amount adjustment unit for adjusting an amount of energy obtained by the boiler, using information on the exhaust gas amount detected by the exhaust gas amount detection unit.

Description

燃焼制御システム、及び燃焼制御方法Combustion control system and combustion control method
　本発明は、燃焼制御システム、及び燃焼制御方法に関する。 The present invention relates to a combustion control system and a combustion control method.
　従来、燃料を燃焼させるボイラとして、特許文献１に記載されているものが知られている。このボイラでは、化石資源を除く動植物に由来する有機性資源であるバイオマス燃料を燃焼炉で燃焼させている。このボイラでは、システム中の各種センサの結果に基づいて各種制御を行っている。 Conventionally, a boiler described in Patent Document 1 is known as a boiler for burning fuel. In this boiler, biomass fuel, which is an organic resource derived from animals and plants excluding fossil resources, is burned in a combustion furnace. In this boiler, various controls are performed based on the results of various sensors in the system.
特開２００５－２２６９３０号公報JP 2005-226930 A
　ここで、本発明者らは、鋭意研究の結果、燃料に含まれる水分量が多くなると、排ガス量がその分増えてしまうことを見出すに至った（例えば、図４参照）。燃料の水分量が多いと排ガス量が増えてしまう理由は、エネルギーとして利用価値のない燃料の水分が蒸発し、余分な排ガスとなるためである。また、図３に示すように、燃料に含まれる水分量が多いほど低位発熱量が減少する傾向にある。従って、所望の熱量を得ようとする場合に、燃料に含まれる水分量が多いと、燃料の投入量を増加させる必要がある。このように、燃料に含まれる水分量が多いと、燃料の投入量が増加する上に排ガス量比も大きくなるため、ボイラで発生する排ガス量が過大になってしまうという問題がある。排ガス量が過大になる場合、排ガス系統の摩耗が生じやすくなり、異常摩耗による設備損傷が生じるという問題がある。 Here, as a result of intensive studies, the present inventors have found that the amount of exhaust gas increases as the amount of water contained in the fuel increases (see, for example, FIG. 4). The reason why the amount of exhaust gas increases when the amount of water in the fuel is large is that the water in the fuel that is not useful as energy evaporates, resulting in excess exhaust gas. Further, as shown in FIG. 3, the lower heating value tends to decrease as the amount of water contained in the fuel increases. Therefore, when a desired amount of heat is to be obtained, if the amount of water contained in the fuel is large, it is necessary to increase the amount of fuel input. As described above, when the amount of water contained in the fuel is large, the amount of fuel input increases and the exhaust gas amount ratio also increases, resulting in a problem that the amount of exhaust gas generated in the boiler becomes excessive. When the amount of exhaust gas is excessive, wear of the exhaust gas system is likely to occur, and there is a problem that equipment damage due to abnormal wear occurs.
　本発明は、上述の課題を解決するためになされたものであり、ボイラで発生する排ガス量が過大になることを抑制することのできる燃焼制御システムを提供することを目的とする。 The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a combustion control system capable of suppressing an excessive amount of exhaust gas generated in a boiler.
　上記課題を解決するため、本発明の一側面に係る燃焼制御システムは、ボイラの燃焼を制御する燃焼制御システムであって、ボイラから排出される排ガス量を検知する排ガス量検知部と、排ガス量検知部で検知される排ガス量の情報を用いて、ボイラで得られるエネルギー量を調整するエネルギー量調整部と、を備える。 In order to solve the above-described problem, a combustion control system according to one aspect of the present invention is a combustion control system that controls combustion of a boiler, an exhaust gas amount detection unit that detects the amount of exhaust gas discharged from the boiler, and an exhaust gas amount An energy amount adjusting unit that adjusts the amount of energy obtained by the boiler using information on the amount of exhaust gas detected by the detecting unit.
　燃焼制御システムは、ボイラから排出される排ガス量を検知する排ガス量検知部を備えている。これにより、燃焼制御システムは、ボイラからどの程度の量の排ガスが排出されているかを把握することができる。また、燃焼制御システムは、排ガス量検知部で検知される排ガス量の情報を用いて、ボイラで得られるエネルギー量を調整するエネルギー量調整部を備えている。従って、エネルギー量調整部は、排ガス量の発生状況に応じて、ボイラで得られるエネルギー量を調整することができる。これにより、排ガス量が過大となる場合には、排ガス量の発生を抑制できるように、エネルギー量をエネルギー量調整部にて調整することができる。以上により、ボイラで発生する排ガス量が過大になることを抑制することができる。 The combustion control system includes an exhaust gas amount detection unit that detects the amount of exhaust gas discharged from the boiler. Thereby, the combustion control system can grasp | ascertain how much exhaust gas is discharged | emitted from a boiler. In addition, the combustion control system includes an energy amount adjustment unit that adjusts the amount of energy obtained by the boiler using information on the amount of exhaust gas detected by the exhaust gas amount detection unit. Therefore, the energy amount adjustment unit can adjust the amount of energy obtained by the boiler according to the generation state of the exhaust gas amount. Thereby, when the amount of exhaust gas becomes excessive, the energy amount can be adjusted by the energy amount adjustment unit so that the generation of the amount of exhaust gas can be suppressed. As described above, it is possible to suppress an excessive amount of exhaust gas generated in the boiler.
　燃焼制御システムにおいて、排ガス量検知部は、排ガスの流量を測定する測定装置によって構成されていてよい。このような構成により、排ガス量検知部は、ボイラで発生する排ガス量を直接的に検知することができ、正確な排ガス量を得ることができる。 In the combustion control system, the exhaust gas amount detection unit may be configured by a measuring device that measures the flow rate of the exhaust gas. With such a configuration, the exhaust gas amount detection unit can directly detect the exhaust gas amount generated in the boiler, and can obtain an accurate exhaust gas amount.
　燃焼制御システムにおいて、排ガス量検知部は、ボイラの排ガスが流通する排ガス流路上に設けられる排気部の運転情報に基づいて、排ガス量を検知してよい。このような構成により、ボイラで発生する排ガス量を間接的に検知することができる。従って、直接的に検知するものが故障した場合に、間接的に検知する上記排ガス量検知部がバックアップとして機能することができる。なお、通常時には上記排ガス量検知部が間接的に排ガス量を検知し、当該排ガス量検知部が故障した場合に、直接的に排ガス量を検知する方式に切り替えてよい。 In the combustion control system, the exhaust gas amount detection unit may detect the exhaust gas amount based on the operation information of the exhaust unit provided on the exhaust gas flow path through which the exhaust gas of the boiler circulates. With such a configuration, the amount of exhaust gas generated in the boiler can be indirectly detected. Therefore, the exhaust gas amount detection unit that detects indirectly when the one that is directly detected fails can function as a backup. In addition, the exhaust gas amount detection unit may detect the exhaust gas amount indirectly at normal times, and when the exhaust gas amount detection unit breaks down, it may be switched to a method of directly detecting the exhaust gas amount.
　燃焼制御システムにおいて、エネルギー量調整部は、排ガス量が多いと判定したとき、ボイラで得られるエネルギー量を減少させてよい。このような構成により、排ガス量が多い場合に、エネルギー量調整部がエネルギー量を減少させることで、ボイラで発生する排ガスを減少させることができる。 In the combustion control system, when it is determined that the amount of exhaust gas is large, the energy amount adjustment unit may reduce the amount of energy obtained by the boiler. With such a configuration, when the amount of exhaust gas is large, the energy amount adjustment unit reduces the amount of energy, so that the exhaust gas generated in the boiler can be reduced.
　燃焼制御システムにおいて、エネルギー量調整部は、排ガス量が所定の閾値を超えたか否かを判定する判定部と、判定部の判定結果に基づいて、ボイラで得られるエネルギー量を所定量だけ減少させる調整部と、を備えてよい。このような構成により、判定部が所定の閾値に基づいて判定を行うため、排ガス量が多くなったことを容易に判定することができる。また、調整部が所定量だけエネルギー量を減少させるため、一回の演算で減少量を求めるような制御を行う場合に比して、演算の負荷を低減することができる。 In the combustion control system, the energy amount adjustment unit reduces the amount of energy obtained by the boiler by a predetermined amount based on a determination unit that determines whether or not the exhaust gas amount has exceeded a predetermined threshold, and a determination result of the determination unit And an adjustment unit. With such a configuration, since the determination unit performs determination based on a predetermined threshold, it can be easily determined that the amount of exhaust gas has increased. In addition, since the adjustment unit decreases the energy amount by a predetermined amount, the calculation load can be reduced as compared with a case where control is performed to obtain the decrease amount by a single calculation.
　本発明の一側面に係る燃焼制御方法は、ボイラの燃焼を制御する燃焼制御方法であって、ボイラから排出される排ガス量を検知する排ガス量検知工程と、排ガス量検知工程で検知される排ガス量の情報を用いて、ボイラで得られるエネルギー量を調整するエネルギー量調整工程と、を備える。 A combustion control method according to one aspect of the present invention is a combustion control method for controlling combustion of a boiler, and an exhaust gas amount detection step for detecting an exhaust gas amount discharged from a boiler, and an exhaust gas detected in the exhaust gas amount detection step An energy amount adjusting step of adjusting the amount of energy obtained by the boiler using the amount information.
　燃焼制御方法によれば、上述の燃焼制御システムと同様な作用・効果を得ることができる。 According to the combustion control method, the same operation and effect as the above-described combustion control system can be obtained.
　本発明によれば、ボイラで発生する排ガス量が過大になることを抑制することができる。 According to the present invention, it is possible to suppress an excessive amount of exhaust gas generated in the boiler.
図１は、本実施形態に係る燃焼制御システムを備えたボイラシステムのブロック図である。FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a boiler system including a combustion control system according to the present embodiment. 図２は、本実施形態に係る燃焼制御システムによって実行される制御処理のフローチャートを示す図である。FIG. 2 is a flowchart illustrating a control process executed by the combustion control system according to the present embodiment. 図３は、低位発熱量と全水分との関係を示すグラフである。FIG. 3 is a graph showing the relationship between the lower heating value and the total moisture. 図４は、全水分と排ガス量比との関係を示すグラフである。FIG. 4 is a graph showing the relationship between the total moisture and the exhaust gas amount ratio.
　以下、添付図面を参照しながら本発明の実施形態について説明する。なお、以下の説明において、同一又は相当要素には同一の符号を付し、重複する説明を省略する。 Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the following description, the same or corresponding elements are denoted by the same reference numerals, and redundant description is omitted.
　図１は、本実施形態に係る燃焼制御システムを備えたボイラシステムのブロック図である。図１に示すように、ボイラシステム１は、ボイラ設備１００と、ボイラ運転制御部２００と、燃焼制御システム３００と、を備えている。 FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a boiler system equipped with a combustion control system according to the present embodiment. As shown in FIG. 1, the boiler system 1 includes a boiler facility 100, a boiler operation control unit 200, and a combustion control system 300.
　ボイラ設備１００は、燃料を燃焼させるボイラ２から排出される排ガスを処理する設備である。具体的に、ボイラ設備１００は、ボイラ２と、給水流路３と、蒸気流路４と、排ガス流路６と、排気部７と、排気筒８と、を備えている。ボイラ２は、供給される燃料を燃焼させる装置である。ボイラ２の種類は特に限定されず、あらゆる種類のボイラを採用してよい。例えば、ボイラ２として、循環流動層ボイラ、微粉炭ボイラやストーカ式ボイラ等を採用してよい。 The boiler facility 100 is a facility for treating exhaust gas discharged from the boiler 2 that burns fuel. Specifically, the boiler facility 100 includes a boiler 2, a water supply channel 3, a steam channel 4, an exhaust gas channel 6, an exhaust unit 7, and an exhaust cylinder 8. The boiler 2 is a device for burning supplied fuel. The kind of boiler 2 is not specifically limited, You may employ | adopt all kinds of boilers. For example, a circulating fluidized bed boiler, a pulverized coal boiler, a stoker boiler, or the like may be employed as the boiler 2.
　ボイラ２には、当該ボイラ２に水を供給するための給水流路３と、ボイラ２で供給された水が加熱されることで発生した蒸気を排出するための蒸気流路４と、が接続されている。なお、給水流路３から供給される水の熱量を「Ｇ」とし、蒸気流路４から排出される蒸気の熱量を「Ｈ」とした場合、ボイラの出熱（％）は、「Ｈ－Ｇ」で表される。 Connected to the boiler 2 are a water supply channel 3 for supplying water to the boiler 2 and a steam channel 4 for discharging steam generated by heating the water supplied by the boiler 2. Has been. When the heat quantity of water supplied from the feed water flow path 3 is “G” and the heat quantity of steam discharged from the steam flow path 4 is “H”, the heat output (%) of the boiler is “H−”. G ".
　また、ボイラ２には、当該ボイラ２から発生した排ガスが流通する排ガス流路６が接続されている。また、排ガス流路６上には、当該排ガス流路６を流れる排ガスを下流側へ流通させるための排気部７が設けられている。本実施形態では、排気部７は、排ガスを通風させる誘引通風機によって構成されている。排気部７は、後述の誘引通風機制御装置の電流値に基づいて、運転の強度が設定される。排ガス流路６の下流側の端部は、排気筒８に接続されている。排気筒８は、ボイラ２から排出された排ガスをボイラ設備１００の外部へ排気するための煙突状の装置である。 Further, an exhaust gas flow path 6 through which exhaust gas generated from the boiler 2 circulates is connected to the boiler 2. Further, on the exhaust gas channel 6, an exhaust unit 7 is provided for circulating the exhaust gas flowing through the exhaust gas channel 6 to the downstream side. In this embodiment, the exhaust part 7 is comprised by the induction ventilator which ventilates exhaust gas. The exhaust section 7 is set to have a driving strength based on a current value of an induction fan control device to be described later. An end portion on the downstream side of the exhaust gas passage 6 is connected to the exhaust cylinder 8. The exhaust cylinder 8 is a chimney-like device for exhausting the exhaust gas discharged from the boiler 2 to the outside of the boiler equipment 100.
　ボイラ運転制御部２００は、燃料供給部２１と、燃料供給流路２２と、空気供給部２３と、空気供給流路２４と、入熱量情報伝達経路２６と、ＬＨＶ情報伝達経路２７と、燃料量情報伝達経路２８と、理論空気量情報伝達経路２９と、を備えている。 The boiler operation control unit 200 includes a fuel supply unit 21, a fuel supply channel 22, an air supply unit 23, an air supply channel 24, a heat input information transmission path 26, an LHV information transmission path 27, and a fuel amount. An information transmission path 28 and a theoretical air amount information transmission path 29 are provided.
　燃料供給部２１は、燃料供給流路２２を介してボイラ２に燃料を供給する装置である。燃料供給部２１は、例えばポンプ等によって構成されている。なお、燃料供給部２１が供給する燃料として、例えば、化石資源を除く動植物に由来する有機性資源であるバイオマス燃料が採用されてよい。また、本実施形態では、含有される水分量が多いバイオマス燃料が採用されてもよい。空気供給部２３は、空気供給流路２４を介してボイラ２に燃焼用の空気を供給する装置である。空気供給部２３は、例えば強制通風機等によって構成されてよい。 The fuel supply unit 21 is a device that supplies fuel to the boiler 2 via the fuel supply channel 22. The fuel supply unit 21 is configured by a pump or the like, for example. In addition, as a fuel which the fuel supply part 21 supplies, the biomass fuel which is an organic resource derived from animals and plants except a fossil resource may be employ | adopted, for example. Moreover, in this embodiment, biomass fuel with much moisture content may be employ | adopted. The air supply unit 23 is a device that supplies combustion air to the boiler 2 via the air supply flow path 24. The air supply part 23 may be comprised by a forced ventilator etc., for example.
　燃料供給部２１及び燃料供給流路２２によって構成される燃料供給系統には、入熱量情報伝達経路２６、及びＬＨＶ情報伝達経路２７が接続されている。入熱量情報伝達経路２６は、後述の燃焼制御システム３００で設定された入熱（エネルギー量）に関する情報を燃料供給系統へ伝達する。ＬＨＶ情報伝達経路２７は、低位発熱量（ＬＨＶ）に関係する情報を燃料供給系統に伝達する。ＬＨＶ情報は、どれだけの熱量が必要であるかを示した値である。燃料供給系統では、入熱量情報伝達経路２６及びＬＨＶ情報伝達経路２７からの情報を用いて、ボイラの負荷が設定され、それに応じた燃料の調整が行われている。 A heat supply information transmission path 26 and an LHV information transmission path 27 are connected to a fuel supply system constituted by the fuel supply unit 21 and the fuel supply flow path 22. The heat input amount information transmission path 26 transmits information related to heat input (amount of energy) set by the combustion control system 300 described later to the fuel supply system. The LHV information transmission path 27 transmits information related to the lower heating value (LHV) to the fuel supply system. The LHV information is a value indicating how much heat is required. In the fuel supply system, the load on the boiler is set using information from the heat input amount information transmission path 26 and the LHV information transmission path 27, and the fuel is adjusted accordingly.
　空気供給系統には、空気量を設定するための燃料量情報伝達経路２８及び理論空気量情報伝達経路２９が接続されている。燃料量情報伝達経路２８は、ボイラ２へ供給する燃料の量に関する情報を空気供給系統へ伝達する。理論空気量情報伝達経路２９は、燃焼に必要な空気量である理論空気量に関する情報を空気供給系統へ伝達する。空気供給系統では、燃料量情報伝達経路２８及び理論空気量情報伝達経路２９からの情報を用いて、供給される燃料に応じて空気の調整が行われている。 A fuel amount information transmission path 28 and a theoretical air amount information transmission path 29 for setting the air amount are connected to the air supply system. The fuel amount information transmission path 28 transmits information related to the amount of fuel supplied to the boiler 2 to the air supply system. The theoretical air amount information transmission path 29 transmits information related to the theoretical air amount, which is the amount of air necessary for combustion, to the air supply system. In the air supply system, air is adjusted according to the supplied fuel using information from the fuel amount information transmission path 28 and the theoretical air amount information transmission path 29.
　燃焼制御システム３００は、ボイラ２の燃焼を制御するシステムである。燃焼制御システム３００は、排ガス量検知部３１と、コントローラ３２と、を備えている。排ガス量検知部３１は、ボイラ２から排出される排ガス量を検知する手段である。コントローラ３２は、排ガス量検知部３１で検知された排ガス量に基づいて、ボイラ２のエネルギー量を調整する機能を有する手段であり、例えば、ＣＰＵ、ＲＯＭ及びＲＡＭ等によって構成されている。 The combustion control system 300 is a system that controls the combustion of the boiler 2. The combustion control system 300 includes an exhaust gas amount detection unit 31 and a controller 32. The exhaust gas amount detector 31 is means for detecting the amount of exhaust gas discharged from the boiler 2. The controller 32 is a unit having a function of adjusting the energy amount of the boiler 2 based on the exhaust gas amount detected by the exhaust gas amount detection unit 31, and is configured by, for example, a CPU, a ROM, a RAM, and the like.
　排ガス量検知部３１は、ボイラ２から排出される排ガス量を検知する機能を有する。具体的には、排ガス量検知部３１は、排ガスの流量を測定する測定装置として機能する排ガス流量計４１によって構成されている。排ガス流量計４１は、排気筒８に設けられており、当該排気筒８から排出される排気ガスの流量を測定することができる。排ガス流量計４１は、測定した排ガスの流量を検知情報として伝達経路５１を介してコントローラ３２へ伝達する。 The exhaust gas amount detection unit 31 has a function of detecting the amount of exhaust gas discharged from the boiler 2. Specifically, the exhaust gas amount detection unit 31 includes an exhaust gas flow meter 41 that functions as a measuring device that measures the flow rate of exhaust gas. The exhaust gas flow meter 41 is provided in the exhaust cylinder 8 and can measure the flow rate of the exhaust gas discharged from the exhaust cylinder 8. The exhaust gas flow meter 41 transmits the measured exhaust gas flow rate as detection information to the controller 32 via the transmission path 51.
　また、排ガス量検知部３１は、排ガス量を検知するＩＤＦ電流値検知部４２によって構成されている。ＩＤＦ電流値検知部４２は、ボイラ２の排ガスが流通する排ガス流路６上に設けられる排気部７の運転情報に基づいて排ガス量を検知する。ＩＤＦ電流値検知部４２は、排気部７として機能する誘引通風機（ＩＤＦ）の電流値を検知することで、排気部７の運転情報を取得し、当該運転情報に基づいて排ガス量を検知することができる。例えば、ＩＤＦ電流値が上限を超過した場合は、ＩＤＦが過負荷という運転状態である。従って、排ガス量検知部３１は、排ガス量が過大という状況であることを把握することができる。ＩＤＦ電流値検知部４２は、排気部７の運転情報を検知情報として伝達経路５２を介してコントローラ３２へ伝達する。 Further, the exhaust gas amount detection unit 31 is configured by an IDF current value detection unit 42 that detects the exhaust gas amount. The IDF current value detection unit 42 detects the amount of exhaust gas based on the operation information of the exhaust unit 7 provided on the exhaust gas passage 6 through which the exhaust gas of the boiler 2 flows. The IDF current value detection unit 42 acquires the operation information of the exhaust unit 7 by detecting the current value of the induction fan (IDF) functioning as the exhaust unit 7 and detects the amount of exhaust gas based on the operation information. be able to. For example, when the IDF current value exceeds the upper limit, the IDF is in an operating state of overload. Therefore, the exhaust gas amount detection unit 31 can grasp that the exhaust gas amount is excessive. The IDF current value detection unit 42 transmits the operation information of the exhaust unit 7 as detection information to the controller 32 via the transmission path 52.
　コントローラ３２は、検知情報取得部３３と、エネルギー量調整部３４と、を備えている。検知情報取得部３３は、排ガス流量計４１から伝達された排ガス量に関する情報、及びＩＤＦ電流値検知部４２から伝達された排ガス量に関する情報を取得する機能を有する。エネルギー量調整部３４は、排ガス量検知部３１で検知されて検知情報取得部３３で取得された排ガス量の情報を用いて、ボイラ２で得られるエネルギー量を調整する機能を有する。 The controller 32 includes a detection information acquisition unit 33 and an energy amount adjustment unit 34. The detection information acquisition unit 33 has a function of acquiring information regarding the amount of exhaust gas transmitted from the exhaust gas flow meter 41 and information regarding the amount of exhaust gas transmitted from the IDF current value detection unit 42. The energy amount adjustment unit 34 has a function of adjusting the amount of energy obtained by the boiler 2 using information on the amount of exhaust gas detected by the exhaust gas amount detection unit 31 and acquired by the detection information acquisition unit 33.
　エネルギー量調整部３４は、判定部３６と、調整部３７と、を備えている。判定部３６は、検知情報取得部３３によって取得された排ガス量に関する情報に基づき、排ガス量が多いか否かを判定する機能を有する。より具体的には、判定部３６は、検知情報取得部３３によって取得された排ガス量に関する情報に基づき、排ガス量が所定の閾値を超えたか否かを判定する機能を有する。判定部３６は、ＩＤＦ電流値検知部４２で検知されたＩＤＦ電流値、及び排ガス流量計４１で検知された排ガス量に基づいて判定を行う。例えば、判定部３６は、ＩＤＦ電流値及び排ガス量が過去において上限値（閾値）を超過したか否かを判定（例えば数分間の間における平均値を閾値と比較してよい）することによって、排ガス量が多いか否かを判定してもよい。このように、ＩＤＦ電流値及び排ガス量という二つのパラメータを用いて判定することは、一つのパラメータで判定する場合に比して、単一故障時でもシステム運用可能というメリットがある。なお、判定部３６による判定方法は特に限定されない。例えば、検知したＩＤＦ電流値及び排ガス量を用いて、上限値を超過しているかどうかによって、排ガス量が多いか否かを判定してもよい。 The energy amount adjustment unit 34 includes a determination unit 36 and an adjustment unit 37. The determination unit 36 has a function of determining whether or not the amount of exhaust gas is large based on the information regarding the amount of exhaust gas acquired by the detection information acquisition unit 33. More specifically, the determination unit 36 has a function of determining whether or not the exhaust gas amount exceeds a predetermined threshold based on the information regarding the exhaust gas amount acquired by the detection information acquisition unit 33. The determination unit 36 performs determination based on the IDF current value detected by the IDF current value detection unit 42 and the exhaust gas amount detected by the exhaust gas flow meter 41. For example, the determination unit 36 determines whether or not the IDF current value and the exhaust gas amount have exceeded the upper limit value (threshold value) in the past (for example, an average value for several minutes may be compared with the threshold value). It may be determined whether the amount of exhaust gas is large. As described above, the determination using the two parameters of the IDF current value and the exhaust gas amount has an advantage that the system can be operated even at the time of a single failure as compared with the case of determination using one parameter. In addition, the determination method by the determination part 36 is not specifically limited. For example, the detected IDF current value and the exhaust gas amount may be used to determine whether or not the exhaust gas amount is large depending on whether or not the upper limit value is exceeded.
　調整部３７は、判定部３６での判定結果に基づき、ボイラ２で得られるエネルギー量（入熱）を調整する機能を有する。例えば、調整部３７は、判定部３６によって排ガス量が多いと判定された場合、ボイラ２で得られるエネルギー量を減少させる機能を有する。また、調整部３７は、判定部３６の判定結果に基づいて、ボイラ２で得られるエネルギー量を所定量だけ減少させる機能を有する。例えば、調整部３７は、ボイラマスタ（ＢＭＣＲ）の値を変更することによって、エネルギー量の調整を行ってよい。調整部３７は、排ガス量が多い場合、ボイラマスタを１％減少させてよい。ただし、ボイラマスタの減少量は１％でなくともよく、更に大きな値、または小さな値を設定してもよい。なお、ボイラマスタとは、ボイラの負荷を制御するボイラマスタが１００％の場合、ボイラ２の設計限界での燃焼を行っていることを意味する。 The adjustment unit 37 has a function of adjusting the amount of energy (heat input) obtained by the boiler 2 based on the determination result of the determination unit 36. For example, the adjustment unit 37 has a function of reducing the amount of energy obtained by the boiler 2 when the determination unit 36 determines that the amount of exhaust gas is large. The adjustment unit 37 has a function of reducing the amount of energy obtained by the boiler 2 by a predetermined amount based on the determination result of the determination unit 36. For example, the adjustment unit 37 may adjust the energy amount by changing the value of the boiler master (BMCR). The adjustment unit 37 may reduce the boiler master by 1% when the amount of exhaust gas is large. However, the reduction amount of the boiler master may not be 1%, and a larger value or a smaller value may be set. The boiler master means that combustion is performed at the design limit of the boiler 2 when the boiler master that controls the load of the boiler is 100%.
　次に、図２を参照して、本実施形態に係る燃焼制御方法について説明する。 Next, a combustion control method according to this embodiment will be described with reference to FIG.
　図２は、燃焼制御システム３００によって実行される制御処理のフローチャートを示す図である。図２に示すように、燃焼制御処理が開始されたら、コントローラ３２のエネルギー量調整部３４の調整部３７は、ボイラマスタ（ＢＭＣＲ）を所定の値に設定する（ステップＳ１００）。なお、図２では所定の値は「Ｘ％」と示されているが、Ｘには任意の数字が入る。次に、ＩＤＦ電流値検知部４２はＩＤＦ電流値を検知してコントローラ３２の検知情報取得部３３に送信すると共に、排ガス流量計４１は排ガス量を検知してコントローラ３２の検知情報取得部３３に送信する（排ガス量検知工程）。これにより、コントローラ３２の判定部３６は、過去におけるＩＤＦ電流値及び排ガス量（過去１０分間の平均値）が上限を超過したか否かを判定する（ステップＳ１１０）。Ｓ１１０において、判定部３６が、各値は上限を超過していないと判定した場合、調整部３７は、ボイラマスタをＸ％のままで維持し（ステップＳ１２０）、Ｓ１００の処理を再び繰り返す。 FIG. 2 is a view showing a flowchart of the control process executed by the combustion control system 300. As shown in FIG. 2, when the combustion control process is started, the adjustment unit 37 of the energy amount adjustment unit 34 of the controller 32 sets the boiler master (BMCR) to a predetermined value (step S100). In FIG. 2, the predetermined value is indicated as “X%”, but X is an arbitrary number. Next, the IDF current value detection unit 42 detects the IDF current value and transmits it to the detection information acquisition unit 33 of the controller 32, and the exhaust gas flow meter 41 detects the amount of exhaust gas and sends it to the detection information acquisition unit 33 of the controller 32. Transmit (exhaust gas amount detection step). Accordingly, the determination unit 36 of the controller 32 determines whether or not the past IDF current value and exhaust gas amount (average value for the past 10 minutes) have exceeded the upper limit (step S110). In S110, when the determination unit 36 determines that each value does not exceed the upper limit, the adjustment unit 37 maintains the boiler master as X% (step S120), and repeats the process of S100 again.
　一方、Ｓ１１０において、判定部３６が、各値は上限を超過していると判定した場合、調整部３７は、自動的にボイラマスタを１％下げる（ステップＳ１３０：エネルギー量調整工程）。これにより、ボイラマスタは「（Ｘ－１）％」となる。所定時間（ここでは１０分）経過後、コントローラ３２の判定部３６は、過去におけるＩＤ電流値及び排ガス量（過去１０分間の平均値）が上限を超過したか否かを判定する（ステップＳ１４０）。Ｓ１４０において、判定部３６が、各値は上限を超過していないと判定した場合、調整部３７は、ボイラマスタを（Ｘ－１）％のままで維持し（ステップＳ１５０）、１０分経過後にＳ１４０の処理を再び繰り返す。 On the other hand, if the determination unit 36 determines in S110 that each value exceeds the upper limit, the adjustment unit 37 automatically lowers the boiler master by 1% (step S130: energy amount adjustment step). As a result, the boiler master becomes “(X−1)%”. After a predetermined time (here, 10 minutes) has elapsed, the determination unit 36 of the controller 32 determines whether or not the past ID current value and exhaust gas amount (average value for the past 10 minutes) have exceeded the upper limit (step S140). . In S140, when the determination unit 36 determines that each value does not exceed the upper limit, the adjustment unit 37 maintains the boiler master at (X-1)% (step S150), and after S10, S140 Repeat the process again.
　一方、Ｓ１４０において、判定部３６が、各値は上限を超過していると判定した場合、調整部３７は、自動的にボイラマスタを１％下げる（ステップＳ１６０：エネルギー量調整工程）。これにより、ボイラマスタは「（（Ｘ－１）－１）％」となる。Ｓ１６０の処理が終了すると、Ｓ１００から再び処理が実行される。このとき、Ｓ１６０の時点における「（（Ｘ－１）－１）％」の値が、次の処理のＳ１００の「Ｘ％」の値となる。 On the other hand, if the determination unit 36 determines in S140 that each value exceeds the upper limit, the adjustment unit 37 automatically lowers the boiler master by 1% (step S160: energy amount adjustment step). As a result, the boiler master becomes “((X−1) −1)%”. When the process of S160 ends, the process is executed again from S100. At this time, the value of “((X−1) −1)%” at the time of S160 becomes the value of “X%” of S100 of the next process.
　次に、本実施形態に係る燃焼制御システム３００及び燃焼制御方法の作用・効果について説明する。 Next, operations and effects of the combustion control system 300 and the combustion control method according to this embodiment will be described.
　ここで、本発明者らは、鋭意研究の結果、燃料に含まれる水分量が多くなると、排ガス量がその分増えてしまうことを見出すに至った。例えば、図４に示すように、燃料の水分量（横軸）が多くなるに従って、排ガス量比（縦軸）が多くなる。燃料の水分量が多いと排ガス量が増えてしまう理由は、エネルギーとして利用価値のない燃料の水分が蒸発し、余分な排ガスとなるためである。また、図３に示すように、燃料に含まれる水分量（縦軸）が多いほど低位発熱量（横軸）が減少する傾向にある。このように、低位発熱量が低下してしまうと、所定量の燃料を投入しても、水分量が多い場合は、所望の熱量が得られない。従って、所望の熱量を得ようとする場合に、燃料に含まれる水分量が多いと、燃料の投入量を増加させる必要がある。このように、燃料に含まれる水分量が多いと、燃料の投入量が増加する上に排ガス量比も大きくなるため、ボイラで発生する排ガス量が過大になってしまうという問題がある。排ガス量が過大になる場合、排ガス系統の摩耗が生じやすくなり、異常摩耗による設備損傷が生じるという問題がある。 Here, as a result of intensive studies, the present inventors have found that the amount of exhaust gas increases as the amount of water contained in the fuel increases. For example, as shown in FIG. 4, the exhaust gas amount ratio (vertical axis) increases as the moisture content (horizontal axis) of the fuel increases. The reason why the amount of exhaust gas increases when the amount of water in the fuel is large is that the water in the fuel that is not useful as energy evaporates, resulting in excess exhaust gas. Further, as shown in FIG. 3, the lower the calorific value (horizontal axis) tends to decrease as the amount of water contained in the fuel (vertical axis) increases. Thus, if the lower heating value is reduced, even if a predetermined amount of fuel is added, if the amount of water is large, the desired amount of heat cannot be obtained. Therefore, when a desired amount of heat is to be obtained, if the amount of water contained in the fuel is large, it is necessary to increase the amount of fuel input. As described above, when the amount of water contained in the fuel is large, the amount of fuel input increases and the exhaust gas amount ratio also increases, resulting in a problem that the amount of exhaust gas generated in the boiler becomes excessive. When the amount of exhaust gas is excessive, wear of the exhaust gas system is likely to occur, and there is a problem that equipment damage due to abnormal wear occurs.
　そこで、本実施形態に係る燃焼制御システム３００は、ボイラ２から排出される排ガス量を検知する排ガス量検知部３１を備えている。これにより、燃焼制御システム３００は、ボイラ２からどの程度の量の排ガスが排出されているかを把握することができる。また、燃焼制御システム３００は、排ガス量検知部３１で検知される排ガス量の情報を用いて、ボイラ２で得られるエネルギー量を調整するエネルギー量調整部３４を備えている。従って、エネルギー量調整部３４は、排ガス量の発生状況に応じて、ボイラ２で得られるエネルギー量を調整することができる。これにより、排ガス量が過大となる場合には、排ガス量の発生を抑制できるように、エネルギー量をエネルギー量調整部３４にて調整することができる。以上により、ボイラ２で発生する排ガス量が過大になることを抑制することができる。 Therefore, the combustion control system 300 according to the present embodiment includes an exhaust gas amount detection unit 31 that detects the amount of exhaust gas discharged from the boiler 2. Thereby, the combustion control system 300 can grasp | ascertain how much exhaust gas is discharged | emitted from the boiler 2. FIG. In addition, the combustion control system 300 includes an energy amount adjustment unit 34 that adjusts the amount of energy obtained by the boiler 2 using information on the amount of exhaust gas detected by the exhaust gas amount detection unit 31. Therefore, the energy amount adjusting unit 34 can adjust the amount of energy obtained by the boiler 2 according to the generation state of the exhaust gas amount. Thereby, when the amount of exhaust gas becomes excessive, the amount of energy can be adjusted by the energy amount adjustment unit 34 so that the generation of the amount of exhaust gas can be suppressed. As described above, it is possible to suppress an excessive amount of exhaust gas generated in the boiler 2.
　本実施形態に係る燃焼制御システム３００において、排ガス量検知部３１は、排ガスの流量を測定する排ガス流量計（測定装置）４１によって構成されている。このような構成により、排ガス量検知部３１は、ボイラ２で発生する排ガス量を直接的に検知することができ、正確な排ガス量を得ることができる。 In the combustion control system 300 according to the present embodiment, the exhaust gas amount detection unit 31 includes an exhaust gas flow meter (measuring device) 41 that measures the flow rate of the exhaust gas. With such a configuration, the exhaust gas amount detection unit 31 can directly detect the exhaust gas amount generated in the boiler 2 and can obtain an accurate exhaust gas amount.
　本実施形態に係る燃焼制御システム３００において、排ガス量検知部３１は、ボイラ２の排ガスが流通する排ガス流路６上に設けられる排気部７の運転情報に基づいて、排ガス量を検知している。このような構成により、ボイラで発生する排ガス量を間接的に検知することができる。従って、直接的に検知するものが故障した場合に、間接的に検知する排ガス量検知部３１が、バックアップとして機能することができる。なお、通常時には排ガス量検知部３１が間接的に排ガス量を検知し、当該排ガス量検知部３１が故障した場合に、バックアップとして直接的に排ガス量を検知する方式に切り替えてよい。特に、本実施形態では、排ガス量検知部３１としてＩＤＦ電流値検知部４２が採用されている。このようにＩＤＦ電流値に基づいて排ガス量を検知することで、単一故障時でもシステム運用可能というメリットがある。 In the combustion control system 300 according to the present embodiment, the exhaust gas amount detection unit 31 detects the exhaust gas amount based on the operation information of the exhaust unit 7 provided on the exhaust gas passage 6 through which the exhaust gas of the boiler 2 flows. . With such a configuration, the amount of exhaust gas generated in the boiler can be indirectly detected. Therefore, the exhaust gas amount detection unit 31 that detects indirectly when something directly detected fails can function as a backup. In addition, when the exhaust gas amount detection unit 31 detects the exhaust gas amount indirectly at the normal time and the exhaust gas amount detection unit 31 breaks down, it may be switched to a method of directly detecting the exhaust gas amount as a backup. In particular, in this embodiment, an IDF current value detection unit 42 is employed as the exhaust gas amount detection unit 31. By detecting the amount of exhaust gas based on the IDF current value in this way, there is a merit that the system can be operated even when a single failure occurs.
　本実施形態に係る燃焼制御システム３００において、エネルギー量調整部３４は、排ガス量が多いと判定したとき、ボイラ２で得られるエネルギー量を減少させている。このような構成により、排ガス量が多い場合に、エネルギー量調整部３４がエネルギー量を減少させることで、ボイラ２で発生する排ガスを減少させることができる。 In the combustion control system 300 according to the present embodiment, the energy amount adjustment unit 34 reduces the amount of energy obtained in the boiler 2 when it is determined that the amount of exhaust gas is large. With such a configuration, when the amount of exhaust gas is large, the energy amount adjustment unit 34 can reduce the amount of energy, thereby reducing the exhaust gas generated in the boiler 2.
　本実施形態に係る燃焼制御システム３００において、エネルギー量調整部３４は、排ガス量が所定の閾値を超えたか否かを判定する判定部３６と、判定部３６の判定結果に基づいて、ボイラ２で得られるエネルギー量を所定量だけ減少させる調整部３７と、を備えている。このような構成により、判定部３６が所定の閾値に基づいて判定を行うため、排ガス量が多くなったことを容易に判定することができる。また、調整部３７が所定量だけエネルギー量を減少させるため、一回の演算で減少量を求めるような制御を行う場合に比して、演算の負荷を低減することができる。 In the combustion control system 300 according to the present embodiment, the energy amount adjustment unit 34 determines whether or not the exhaust gas amount has exceeded a predetermined threshold and the boiler 2 based on the determination result of the determination unit 36. An adjustment unit 37 that reduces the amount of energy obtained by a predetermined amount. With such a configuration, the determination unit 36 makes a determination based on a predetermined threshold value, so that it can be easily determined that the amount of exhaust gas has increased. In addition, since the adjustment unit 37 reduces the energy amount by a predetermined amount, the calculation load can be reduced as compared with a case where control is performed to obtain the decrease amount by a single calculation.
　本実施形態に係る燃焼制御方法は、ボイラ２の燃焼を制御する燃焼制御方法であって、ボイラ２から排出される排ガス量を検知する排ガス量検知工程と、排ガス量検知工程で検知される排ガス量の情報を用いて、ボイラ２で得られるエネルギー量を調整するエネルギー量調整工程と、を備える。 The combustion control method according to the present embodiment is a combustion control method for controlling the combustion of the boiler 2, and an exhaust gas amount detection step for detecting the amount of exhaust gas discharged from the boiler 2 and an exhaust gas detected in the exhaust gas amount detection step. An energy amount adjusting step of adjusting the amount of energy obtained by the boiler 2 using the amount information.
　本実施形態に係る燃焼制御方法によれば、上述の燃焼制御システム３００と同様な作用・効果を得ることができる。 According to the combustion control method according to the present embodiment, the same operations and effects as those of the combustion control system 300 described above can be obtained.
　本発明は、上述の実施形態に限定されるものではない。 The present invention is not limited to the embodiment described above.
　例えば、コントローラ３２による制御処理は、図２に示すフローチャートに限定されず、本願発明の趣旨の範囲で適宜変更してもよい。例えば、図２の処理では、ボイラマスタが減少する点についてのみ言及していたが、ボイラマスタが上昇する制御が追加されてもよく、又は別途行われてもよい。例えば、Ｓ１２０、Ｓ１５０などで所定の条件を満たすことでボイラマスタを増加させてもよい。また、ボイラマスタが下限付近まで達したときに、ボイラマスタの低下を防止してもよい。また、ボイラマスタを増加させるような制御処理を行ってもよい。そのほか、定空気比運転のような制御を行うことで排ガス量を抑制してもよい。 For example, the control processing by the controller 32 is not limited to the flowchart shown in FIG. 2, and may be changed as appropriate within the scope of the present invention. For example, in the process of FIG. 2, only the point that the boiler master decreases is mentioned, but control for increasing the boiler master may be added or may be performed separately. For example, the boiler master may be increased by satisfying a predetermined condition in S120, S150, and the like. Moreover, when the boiler master reaches near the lower limit, the boiler master may be prevented from lowering. Moreover, you may perform control processing which increases a boiler master. In addition, the amount of exhaust gas may be suppressed by performing control such as constant air ratio operation.
　上述の実施形態では、エネルギー量調整部は自動的な制御によってエネルギー量調整を行うものであった。しかし、エネルギー量調整部が、操作者の入力を受け入れ可能なインタフェースなどによって構成されてもよい。例えば、操作者は、モニタなどで排ガス量の状況を確認し、それに基づいてボイラのエネルギー量を調整するように操作を行ってよい。 In the above-described embodiment, the energy amount adjustment unit adjusts the energy amount by automatic control. However, the energy amount adjustment unit may be configured by an interface or the like that can accept an operator's input. For example, the operator may confirm the state of the amount of exhaust gas on a monitor or the like and perform an operation so as to adjust the amount of energy of the boiler based on the situation.
　２…ボイラ、６…排ガス流路、７…排気部、３１…排ガス量検知部、３４…エネルギー量調整部、３６…判定部、３７…調整部、４１…排ガス流量計（測定装置）、３００…燃焼制御システム。 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 2 ... Boiler, 6 ... Exhaust gas flow path, 7 ... Exhaust part, 31 ... Exhaust gas amount detection part, 34 ... Energy amount adjustment part, 36 ... Determination part, 37 ... Adjustment part, 41 ... Exhaust gas flowmeter (measuring device), 300 ... combustion control system.

Claims (6)

  1. 　ボイラの燃焼を制御する燃焼制御システムであって、
    　前記ボイラから排出される排ガス量を検知する排ガス量検知部と、
    　前記排ガス量検知部で検知される前記排ガス量の情報を用いて、前記ボイラで得られるエネルギー量を調整するエネルギー量調整部と、を備える、燃焼制御システム。     A combustion control system for controlling the combustion of a boiler,
    An exhaust gas amount detector for detecting the amount of exhaust gas discharged from the boiler;
    A combustion control system comprising: an energy amount adjusting unit that adjusts an energy amount obtained by the boiler using information on the exhaust gas amount detected by the exhaust gas amount detecting unit.
  2. 　前記排ガス量検知部は、前記排ガスの流量を測定する測定装置によって構成されている、請求項１に記載の燃焼制御システム。 The combustion control system according to claim 1, wherein the exhaust gas amount detection unit is configured by a measuring device that measures a flow rate of the exhaust gas.
  3. 　前記排ガス量検知部は、前記ボイラの排ガスが流通する排ガス流路上に設けられる排気部の運転情報に基づいて、前記排ガス量を検知する、請求項１又は２に記載の燃焼制御システム。 The combustion control system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the exhaust gas amount detection unit detects the exhaust gas amount based on operation information of an exhaust unit provided on an exhaust gas flow channel through which the exhaust gas of the boiler flows.
  4. 　前記エネルギー量調整部は、前記排ガス量が多いと判定したとき、前記ボイラで得られる前記エネルギー量を減少させる、請求項１～３の何れか一項に記載の燃焼制御システム。 The combustion control system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the energy amount adjustment unit decreases the energy amount obtained by the boiler when it is determined that the exhaust gas amount is large.
  5. 　前記エネルギー量調整部は、
    　　前記排ガス量が所定の閾値を超えたか否かを判定する判定部と、
    　　前記判定部の判定結果に基づいて、前記ボイラで得られるエネルギー量を所定量だけ減少させる調整部と、を備える、請求項１～４の何れか一項に記載の燃焼制御システム。     The energy amount adjustment unit includes:
    A determination unit for determining whether or not the exhaust gas amount exceeds a predetermined threshold;
    The combustion control system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, further comprising: an adjustment unit that reduces the amount of energy obtained by the boiler by a predetermined amount based on a determination result of the determination unit.
  6. 　ボイラの燃焼を制御する燃焼制御方法であって、
    　前記ボイラから排出される排ガス量を検知する排ガス量検知工程と、
    　前記排ガス量検知工程で検知される前記排ガス量の情報を用いて、前記ボイラで得られるエネルギー量を調整するエネルギー量調整工程と、を備える、燃焼制御方法。     A combustion control method for controlling combustion of a boiler,
    An exhaust gas amount detection step for detecting the amount of exhaust gas discharged from the boiler;
    A combustion control method comprising: an energy amount adjustment step of adjusting an energy amount obtained by the boiler using information on the exhaust gas amount detected in the exhaust gas amount detection step.
PCT/JP2017/002772 2016-02-01 2017-01-26 Combustion control system and combustion control method WO2017135154A1 (en)

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