WO2017132820A1 - 一种光反射复用芯片、激光发射芯片以及光发射机 - Google Patents

一种光反射复用芯片、激光发射芯片以及光发射机 Download PDF

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WO2017132820A1
WO2017132820A1 PCT/CN2016/073152 CN2016073152W WO2017132820A1 WO 2017132820 A1 WO2017132820 A1 WO 2017132820A1 CN 2016073152 W CN2016073152 W CN 2016073152W WO 2017132820 A1 WO2017132820 A1 WO 2017132820A1
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Prior art keywords
waveguide
light
polarized light
polarization
polarized
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PCT/CN2016/073152
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
王涛
刘宁
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华为技术有限公司
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Application filed by 华为技术有限公司 filed Critical 华为技术有限公司
Priority to CN201680079095.8A priority Critical patent/CN108476065B/zh
Priority to PCT/CN2016/073152 priority patent/WO2017132820A1/zh
Priority to EP16888646.3A priority patent/EP3402094B1/en
Publication of WO2017132820A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017132820A1/zh
Priority to US16/051,889 priority patent/US10841012B2/en

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
    • H04B10/50—Transmitters
    • H04B10/501—Structural aspects
    • H04B10/503—Laser transmitters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
    • H04B10/50—Transmitters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
    • H04B10/50—Transmitters
    • H04B10/501—Structural aspects
    • H04B10/506—Multiwavelength transmitters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04J—MULTIPLEX COMMUNICATION
    • H04J14/00—Optical multiplex systems
    • H04J14/02—Wavelength-division multiplex systems
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04J—MULTIPLEX COMMUNICATION
    • H04J14/00—Optical multiplex systems
    • H04J14/02—Wavelength-division multiplex systems
    • H04J14/0201—Add-and-drop multiplexing
    • H04J14/0202—Arrangements therefor
    • H04J14/021—Reconfigurable arrangements, e.g. reconfigurable optical add/drop multiplexers [ROADM] or tunable optical add/drop multiplexers [TOADM]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04J—MULTIPLEX COMMUNICATION
    • H04J14/00—Optical multiplex systems
    • H04J14/06—Polarisation multiplex systems
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
    • H01S5/00—Semiconductor lasers
    • H01S5/10—Construction or shape of the optical resonator, e.g. extended or external cavity, coupled cavities, bent-guide, varying width, thickness or composition of the active region
    • H01S5/1042—Optical microcavities, e.g. cavity dimensions comparable to the wavelength
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
    • H01S5/00—Semiconductor lasers
    • H01S5/10—Construction or shape of the optical resonator, e.g. extended or external cavity, coupled cavities, bent-guide, varying width, thickness or composition of the active region
    • H01S5/14—External cavity lasers
    • H01S5/141—External cavity lasers using a wavelength selective device, e.g. a grating or etalon
    • H01S5/142—External cavity lasers using a wavelength selective device, e.g. a grating or etalon which comprises an additional resonator

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of optical communication technologies, and in particular, to a light reflection multiplexing chip, a laser emitting chip, and an optical transmitter.
  • WDM Dense Wavelength Division Multiplexing
  • BBU Building Base band Unit
  • OTN optical Transport Network
  • CPRI Common Public Radio Interface
  • RRU Radio Remote Unit
  • MIMO Multiple-Input Multiple-Output
  • each optical module in each RRU requires a laser of a different wavelength.
  • This configuration method causes a series of problems: for example, because the optical modules assigned to each RRU are different, The common public interface CPRI has a one-to-one correspondence with the port number of each RRU, and the operator also needs to stock optical modules of different wavelengths.
  • the industry has proposed the concept of a colorless WDM light source.
  • the RRU transceiver module is wavelength-independent, and the laser emission wavelength of the RUU transceiver module can automatically adapt to the wavelength of the connected array waveguide grating (English name: Arrayed Waveguide Grating, English abbreviation: AWG), etc. Plug and play can be used on ports such as AWG.
  • the self-injection locking technology is a recently proposed solution for implementing a colorless WDM optical transmitter.
  • a Fabry-Perot semiconductor laser (English name: Fabry Perot-Laser Diode, English abbreviation: FP-LD) emits light of multiple longitudinal modes (wavelength) and then re-injects the FP-LD to achieve specific wavelength locking.
  • FP-LD Fabry Perot-Laser Diode
  • the invention provides a light reflection multiplexing chip, a laser emitting chip and an optical transmitter, which are used for solving the problem of high cost of the colorless WDM optical transmitter based on the self-injection locking technology.
  • the first aspect of the embodiments of the present invention provides a light reflection multiplexing chip, including a combiner, a second external port, N third external ports, and N micro ring resonators.
  • N polarization splitting rotators, N first branch waveguides, and N second branch waveguides wherein N is a positive integer and greater than or equal to 1, wherein N polarization splitting rotators and N firsts
  • the branching waveguides are in one-to-one correspondence
  • the N polarization beam splitting rotators are in one-to-one correspondence with the N second branching waveguides
  • the N polarization beam splitting rotators are in one-to-one correspondence with the N third external ports
  • the N polarization beam splitting rotators are One of the N microring resonators is connected
  • the combiner is respectively connected to the N first branch waveguides, and is connected to the N second branch waveguides and connected to the second external port
  • the N polarization splitting rotators are Each polarization splitting rotator is
  • the polarization beam splitting rotator is configured to receive polarized light, and the polarized light is transmitted to the corresponding first and second branch waveguides after passing through the polarization beam splitting rotator.
  • a microring resonator that performs wavelength selection on light transmitted to the corresponding first branch waveguide and the corresponding second branch waveguide, and outputs a part of the selected single mode light to the second external port through the combiner, Passing another portion of the light as reflected polarized light back to the polarization beam splitting rotator, which polarizes the reflected polarized light transmitted back by the corresponding microring resonator and passes the coupled light through the corresponding third External port output.
  • each of the N polarization splitting rotators includes a fifth waveguide and a sixth waveguide, wherein each polarization splitting rotator corresponds to a fifth The waveguide is connected to the corresponding first branch waveguide, and the sixth waveguide corresponding to each polarization splitting rotator is connected to the corresponding second branch waveguide;
  • a polarization beam splitting rotator specifically for receiving polarized light from a corresponding third external port through a corresponding fifth waveguide, the polarized light being decomposed into a fourth having a first polarization direction after passing through a corresponding polarization beam splitting rotator Polarized light and fifth polarized light having a second polarization direction, wherein the first polarization direction and the second polarization direction are perpendicular to each other, and the fifth polarized light is transmitted to the corresponding first through the sixth waveguide
  • the sixth polarized light having the first polarization direction is converted, and then the micro-ring resonator performs wavelength selection on the sixth polarized light in the second branch waveguide, and the selected one of the light passes through the multiplexed wave
  • the device is outputted from the second external port, and the other portion of the light is transmitted to the corresponding polarization beam splitting rotator as the first polarization reflected light through the corresponding first branch waveguide and the corresponding fifth wave
  • the micro-ring resonator also performs wavelength selection on the fourth polarized light in the first branch waveguide, and the selected one light is output from the second external port through the combiner output, and the other portion passes the corresponding second.
  • the branch waveguide and the corresponding sixth waveguide are transmitted to the corresponding polarization splitting rotator and coupled to the corresponding fifth waveguide to be converted into the second polarized reflected light having the second polarization direction, and finally the first polarized reflected light and the second The polarized reflected light is output from the corresponding third external port through the corresponding fifth waveguide.
  • the fourth polarized light and the sixth polarized light are transverse electric fields (English full name: transverse electric mode, English abbreviation: TE), and the fifth polarized light is a transverse magnetic field ( English full name: transverse magnetic mode, English abbreviation: TM) mode polarized light, second polarized reflected light is TM mode polarized light.
  • a second aspect of the embodiments of the present invention provides a laser emitting chip, comprising: a bidirectional emitting laser, a polarization beam splitting rotator, and a first external port, wherein the bidirectional emitting laser is connected to the polarization beam splitting rotator, and the polarization component is The beam rotator is coupled to the first external port.
  • the bidirectional light emitting laser is configured to emit polarized light
  • the polarization splitting rotator is configured to polarizely couple the polarized light emitted by the two-way emitting laser and output the coupled light through the first external port.
  • Receiving, from the first external port, the reflected polarized light corresponding to the polarized light, and polarizing the reflected polarized light and respectively injecting the reflected polarized light into the two-way emitting laser and it is pointed out that the polarization emitted by the bidirectional emitting laser The light is consistent with the polarization direction of the light injected into the bidirectional light emitting laser.
  • the two-way illuminating laser may specifically include a first waveguide, a second waveguide, a first port, and a second port, and the specific connection relationship is as follows: the first waveguide is connected to the first port. a second waveguide is coupled to the second port; the polarization beam splitting rotator includes a third waveguide and a fourth waveguide, the fourth waveguide is coupled to the first external port, wherein the first waveguide is coupled to the third waveguide, and the second waveguide is coupled to the fourth waveguide Waveguide connection.
  • the bidirectional light emitting laser is specifically configured to output first polarized light having a first polarization direction through a first port, and output second polarized light having a first polarization direction through a second port.
  • the first polarized light is output to the polarization beam splitting rotator through the first waveguide and the third waveguide
  • the second polarized light is output to the polarization beam splitting rotator through the second waveguide and the fourth waveguide.
  • the first polarized light is coupled to the fourth waveguide through the third waveguide, and converted into a third polarized light having a second polarization direction.
  • the first polarization direction and the second polarization direction are perpendicular to each other;
  • the polarized light and the third polarized light are output from the first external port through the fourth waveguide;
  • the polarization beam splitting rotator is further configured to receive, from the first external port, reflected polarized light having a wavelength of a target wavelength, the reflected polarized light being reflected back to the polarizing beam splitting rotator and being decomposed into the first polarized reflected light having the first polarization direction And a second polarized reflected light having a second polarization reflected light, wherein the first polarized reflected light is injected into the bidirectional light emitting laser through the fourth waveguide and the second waveguide, and the second polarized reflected light is coupled to the third through the fourth waveguide The waveguide is then injected into the bidirectional light emitting laser through the third waveguide and the first waveguide.
  • the first polarized light and the second polarized light are TE mode polarized light
  • the third polarized light is TM mode polarized light
  • the first polarized reflected light and the third polarized reflected light are TE mode polarized light
  • the second polarized reflected light is TM mode polarized light.
  • the third aspect of the embodiments of the present invention further provides an optical transmitter, comprising the optical reflective multiplexing chip, the M optical fibers, and the M laser transmitting chips according to the second aspect described above.
  • M is a positive integer and is greater than or equal to 1.
  • the first external port of the laser emitting chip and the third external port corresponding to the light reflection multiplexing chip are connected by corresponding optical fibers.
  • the present invention provides a light reflection multiplexing chip for solving the problem of high cost of a colorless optical transmitter based on the self-injection locking technology.
  • the optical transmitter in the embodiment of the present invention uses the above-mentioned laser emitting chip and the above-mentioned optical reflection multiplexing chip. Compared with the optical transmitter in the prior art, the optical transmitter in the present invention does not use a high-cost discrete device (such as Faraday rotators, AWG devices, etc.) are less expensive in practical applications.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of an optical transmitter in the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a laser emitting chip according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a light reflection multiplexing chip according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of an optical transmitter according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a self-injection locking process of an optical transmitter according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the invention provides a light reflection multiplexing chip, a laser emitting chip and an optical transmitter, which are used for solving the problem of high cost of a colorless optical transmitter based on the self-injection locking technology.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an optical transmitter based on self-injection locking according to the present invention.
  • the transmitter mainly includes two integrated chips, one of which is a laser emitting chip, which is bidirectional.
  • the illuminating laser and the polarization splitting rotator (English name: polarization splitter-rotator, English abbreviation: PSR), the main function is to emit laser light and receive self-injection light, and the other is a light reflection multiplexing chip, which is composed of multiple PSRs.
  • a plurality of micro-ring resonators and a combiner are combined to realize wavelength selection, light reflection, and rotation of the polarization state of the light.
  • the main working principle is as follows: the laser emitting chip emits light and is input to the optical reflection multiplexing through the optical fiber. The chip selects a certain wavelength and reflects it, returning to the laser emitting chip to complete the self-injection locking process.
  • the two-way illuminating laser in the laser emitting chip may adopt a III-V hybrid integrated microring laser or a vertical cavity grating coupled laser, or may use other bidirectional luminescent lasers, as long as the laser emitting chip composed of the bidirectional laser emitter and the PSR can The function of emitting the laser light and accepting the self-injection light may be completed, and is not limited herein.
  • the PSR can be implemented by a waveguide type asymmetric directional coupler, or a two-dimensional planar waveguide grating, or other structural form of PSR, as long as the laser emitting chip composed of the PSR and the bidirectional laser emitter can perform the above functions. Yes, it is not limited here.
  • the microring resonator and the PSR in the light reflection multiplexing chip are not limited as long as the wavelength selection, the light reflection, and the rotation of the light polarization state can be realized.
  • the laser transmitter chip and the optical transmitter implemented by the light reflection multiplexing chip in the embodiment can solve the problem of high cost of the colorless optical transmitter based on the self-injection locking technology.
  • the laser emitting chip, the light reflecting multiplexing chip and the optical transmitter in the embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below:
  • the laser emitting chip in the embodiment of the present invention is described by using a III-V hybrid integrated microring laser in a bidirectional transmitting laser in a laser emitting chip.
  • the PSR can be described by using a waveguide type asymmetric directional coupler as an example.
  • 2 is a schematic structural view of a laser emitting chip 2 in the embodiment of the present invention.
  • the laser emitting chip 2 includes a III-V hybrid integrated microring laser 20, an asymmetric directional coupler 21, and an external port 22.
  • the III-V hybrid integrated microring laser includes a waveguide 200, a waveguide 201, a port 202 and a port 203, and a microring resonant cavity 204.
  • the asymmetric directional coupler 21 includes a waveguide 210 and a waveguide 211.
  • the specific connection relationship between the waveguide and the port is as follows: the waveguide 200 is connected to the port 202, the waveguide 201 is connected to the port 203, the waveguide 211 is connected to the external port 22, the waveguide 200 is connected to the waveguide 210, and the waveguide 201 is connected to the waveguide 211.
  • a III-V hybrid integrated micro-ring laser 20 the outer ring of the micro-ring resonant cavity 204 includes a P-doped region and an active region, and the inner ring includes an N-doped region.
  • the driving current is applied, the number of particles in the active region of the outer ring is reversed to generate a laser, and the laser is continuously enhanced in the microring resonator and continuously coupled into the nearby waveguide, that is, the III-V hybrid integrated microring Laser 20 is used to output TE mode polarized light through port 202 and port 203.
  • the TE mode polarized light outputted from the port 202 described above is output to the asymmetric directional coupler 21 through the waveguide 200 and the waveguide 210, and is coupled to the fourth waveguide 211 through the waveguide 210 to be converted into TM mode polarized light, that is, its polarization state rotation. At 90 degrees, the polarized light of the TM mode and the polarization direction of the TE mode polarized light are perpendicular to each other. And output from the external port 22 through the waveguide 211. On the other hand, the TE mode polarized light output from the port 203 described above is transmitted to the asymmetric directional coupler 21 through the waveguide 201 and the waveguide 211, and is output from the external port 22 through the waveguide 211.
  • the TE mode polarized light and the TM mode polarized light are mixed from the external port 22 into the asymmetric directional coupler 21, the TE mode polarized light is injected into the III-V hybrid integrated microring laser 20 through the waveguide 211 and the waveguide 201, TM The modulo polarized light is coupled to the waveguide 210 through the waveguide 211 and transmitted to the waveguide 200 through the waveguide 210.
  • the TM mode polarized light transmitted from the waveguide 210 has evolved into TE mode polarized light, that is, the polarization direction is rotated.
  • the III-V hybrid integrated micro-ring laser 20 is injected through the waveguide 200, that is, the light injected and outputted by the III-V hybrid integrated micro-ring laser 20 is TE-mode polarized light.
  • the embodiment of the present invention merely integrates the two into one chip to achieve a specific function. Therefore, the structure, the constituent materials, and the like which are not related to the embodiment of the present invention will not be described again in the embodiment of the present invention.
  • the light reflection multiplexing chip in the embodiment of the present invention is described by using a waveguide type asymmetric directional coupler as an example.
  • a light in the embodiment of the present invention is used.
  • Schematic diagram of the reflection multiplexing chip 3 the light reflection multiplexing chip 3 includes: a combiner, a second external port, N third external ports, N micro ring resonators, N asymmetric directional couplers, N
  • the first branch waveguide and the N second branch waveguides, N being a positive integer and greater than or equal to one.
  • the optically reflective chip has the same function as that of each micro-ring resonator, each of which is described herein for ease of understanding and description, only the waveguide 31, the waveguide 32, the asymmetric directional coupler 33, and the micro are described.
  • the functions realized by the loop resonator 34 and the external port 35 are connected, as shown in FIG. 3, the connection relationship is as follows:
  • the asymmetric directional coupler 33 includes a waveguide 330 and a waveguide 331.
  • the waveguide 330 is connected to the waveguide 31.
  • the waveguide 331 is connected to the waveguide 32.
  • the multiplexer 30 is connected to the waveguide 31, connected to the waveguide 32, and connected to the external port 36.
  • the asymmetric directional coupler 33 is configured to receive light of any polarization state from the port 35 through the waveguide 330, and is decomposed into TE mode polarized light A in and TM mode polarized light B when the arbitrarily polarized light passes through the asymmetric directional coupler 33.
  • the polarization directions of the TE mode polarized light A in and the TM mode polarized light B in are perpendicular to each other, that is, 90 degrees out of phase.
  • the TE mode polarized light A in is transmitted to the waveguide 31 through the waveguide 330, and then when the light of the wavelength ⁇ of the TE mode polarized light is aligned with the resonance peak of the microring resonator 34, the light of the wavelength ⁇ is coupled into the light.
  • the microring resonator 32 After entering the microring resonator 32, a portion of the light is reflected from the waveguide 32 and the waveguide 331 back to the asymmetric directional coupler 33. After entering the asymmetric directional coupler 33, this portion of the light is coupled from the waveguide 331 to the waveguide.
  • Multi-channel summarization completes the summing of the light entering the combiner 30 by the N channels, and outputs the combined light from the external port 36.
  • the TM mode polarized light B in is coupled from the waveguide 330 into the waveguide 331 , evolves into TE mode polarized light, and is transmitted to the waveguide 32 through the waveguide, and the wavelength ⁇ is selected through the microring resonator 34. Similar processes to those described above, i.e., after the completion of a selected wavelength ⁇ , wherein a portion of the light passes through the waveguide 31 and a waveguide in a TE 330 mode B out 35 reflected polarized light output from the external port, the other part of the light enters the multiplexer 30.
  • the light reflecting laser chip performs three functions of mode selection, reflection of the input light, and rotation of the polarization state by 90 degrees.
  • an optical transmitter in the embodiment of the present invention includes: a laser emitting chip 40, an optical fiber 41, and a light reflection multiplexing chip 42.
  • the laser emitting chip 40 includes a bidirectional emitting laser 400.
  • the light reflection multiplexing chip 42 includes a combiner 420, an external port 421, and N second An external port 422, N microring resonators 423, N polarization beam splitting rotators 424, N waveguides 425 and N waveguides 426, N being a positive integer and greater than or equal to 1, N being greater than or equal to M, combining
  • the 420 is connected to the waveguide 425, connected to the waveguide 426, and connected to the external port 421.
  • the external port 402 is connected to the optical port 41 of the external port 422.
  • the two-way illuminating laser 400 is configured to output polarized light, and the polarized light is output to the polarization beam splitting rotator 401, and then output to the corresponding polarization beam splitting rotator 424 through the external port 402 through the polarization beam splitting rotator 401.
  • the polarized light is transmitted to the waveguide 425 and the waveguide 426, and the corresponding microring resonator 423 locks the target polarized light having the wavelength of the target wavelength in the polarized light, and is outputted through the combiner 420.
  • the external port 421 is part of the light of the target polarized light, and the other part of the light is reflected back to the vibration beam splitter 424 as reflected light, and is reflected back to the polarization beam splitting rotator 401 through the corresponding external port 422, and the reflected light passes through the polarization beam splitting rotator. After 401 is injected into the bidirectional luminescent laser 400 to complete the self-injection locking of the bidirectional luminescent laser 400.
  • the optical transmitter in the embodiment of the present invention is implemented by using the above-mentioned laser emitting chip and the above-mentioned light reflecting multiplexing chip, and the optical transmitter transmits multi-wavelength polarized light through a laser transmitting chip, and transmits the optical reflection multiplexing chip through the optical fiber after transmission.
  • a wavelength selection of the polarized light is performed and the polarized light is reflected back to the laser emitting chip, and finally the optical transmitter achieves locking at a specific wavelength and locks to operate at the wavelength.
  • the optical transmitters of the present invention do not use costly discrete devices such as, for example, Faraday rotators, AWG devices, etc., and are less expensive in practical applications.
  • Figure a in Figure 5 is the output light spectrum of the laser at port 1 and port 2 when no reflected light is injected into the III-V hybrid integrated microring laser. At this time, each light in the III-V hybrid integrated microring laser The competition between the longitudinal modes is very strong, and the side mode suppression ratio is very poor. Since the III-V hybrid integrated micro-ring laser is a two-way illuminating laser, port 1 and port 2 are symmetrical. For convenience of description and understanding, the port 1 illuminating is first analyzed. In the laser emitting chip, the TE mode polarized light output from port 1 is input to the asymmetric directional coupler 1 via port 3, and evolves to a TM mode polarized light output at port 5.
  • the original TM mode polarized light After transmission through the optical fiber, the original TM mode polarized light has become an arbitrary polarization state and is input to the light reflection multiplexing chip. Therefore, at port 6, the input light is decomposed into two components, TE mode polarized light and TM mode polarized light. After the asymmetric directional coupler 2, the TE mode polarized light is input into the waveguide 1 from port 7, TM mode. The polarized light evolves into TE mode polarized light and is input to the waveguide 2 by the port 8. When the wavelength ⁇ 1 of the light transmitted in the two waveguides is aligned with the resonance peak of the microring resonator, the longitudinal mode is selected into the microring. The resonant cavity is shown in Figure b.
  • the polarization state of the reflected light itself in the optical fiber is continuously rotated, but the polarization state of the laser output light is always accurate at any point on the optical fiber. Keep a difference of 90 degrees. Therefore, when the reflected light reaches the laser emitting chip port 5, the polarization state thereof is perpendicular to the TM mode polarization state of the original output, and becomes a TE mode polarization state. The reflected light of the TE polarization state is output from the port 4 via the PSR and injected into the two-way illuminating laser. It should be pointed out that the above process is only a dynamic process that finally completes the self-injection locking.
  • the wavelength of the final III-V hybrid integrated microring laser is locked to the ⁇ 1 wavelength filtered by the microring resonator, as shown in Figure d.
  • the III-V hybrid integrated micro-ring laser emits light similarly from the port 2, except that the output light of the port 5 is TE mode polarized light, and the corresponding reflected light is TM mode polarized light. .
  • port 1 and port 2 simultaneously emit light and receive reflection injection to complete self-injection locking. As shown in Figure e, after the injection lock enters the steady state, the output light is output to the combiner, and after completing the integration with other channels, it is finally output through the port 10.
  • the storage medium may be a magnetic disk, an optical disk, a read-only memory (English full name: Read-Only Memory, English abbreviation: ROM) or a random storage memory (English full name: Random Access, Memory, English abbreviation: RAM) and so on.

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Abstract

一种光反射复用芯片（42）、激光发射芯片（40）以及光发射机（4），用于解决目前基于自注入锁定技术的无色光发射机（4）成本高的问题。光发射机（4）包括：激光发射芯片（40）、光纤（41）以及光反射复用芯片（42）。其中，激光发射芯片（40）包含：双向发光激光器(400)、偏振分束旋转器(401)以及第一外接端口(402)；光反射复用芯片（42）包含合波器（420）、第二外接端口（421）、N个第三外接端口(422)、N个微环谐振腔（423）、N个偏振分束旋转器（424），N条第一分支波导（425）以及N条第二分支波导（426），N为正整数，且大于或等于1。合波器（420）与第一分支波导（425）连接，与第二分支波导（426）连接，与第二外接端口（421）连接，第一外接端口（402）与第三外接端口（422）通过光纤（41）相连。

Description

一种光反射复用芯片、激光发射芯片以及光发射机 技术领域
本发明涉及光通信技术领域，尤其涉及一种光反射复用芯片、激光发射芯片以及光发射机。
背景技术
随着密集波分复用(英文全称：Dense Wavelength Division Multiplexing，英文简称：WDM)设备的灵活部署以及基带处理单元(英文全称：Building Base band Unit，英文简称：BBU)集中化的趋势，基于WDM技术的光传送网络(英文全称：Optical Transport Network，英文简称：OTN)作为通用公共接口(英文全称：Common Public Radio Interface，英文简称：CPRI)和射频拉远单元(英文全称：Radio Remote Unit，英文简称：RRU)或者多入多出技术(英文全称：Multiple-Input Multiple-Output，英文简称：MIMO)阵列天线间的数据传输已成为一种重要的互连方案。随着无线业务量的逐步提高，RRU的数量以及每个RRU中所需光模块的数量将会大大的提高。若依赖传统的WDM系统实现无线前传，各个RRU中每个光模块都需要不同波长的激光器，这种配置方式会导致一系列的问题：例如，由于分配给每个RRU的光模块不同，需要将通用公共接口CPRI与每个RRU的端口号一一对应，运营商还需备货不同波长的光模块。为了解决上述问题，业界提出了无色WDM光源的概念。即指RRU收发模块是与波长无关的，其RUU收发模块的激光器发射波长可以自动适应所连接的阵列波导光栅(英文全称：Arrayed Waveguide Grating，英文简称：AWG)等端口的波长，实现在任何一个AWG等端口上都可以即插即用的作用。
其中，自注入锁定技术是近期提出的一种实现无色WDM光发射机的解决方案。例如通过将法布里-珀罗半导体激光器(英文全称：Fabry Perot-Laser Diode，英文简称：FP-LD)发射多纵模(波长)的光反射后重新注入FP-LD实现特定波长的锁定。但目前基于自注入锁定技术的无色光发射机都由成本高 的分立器件(如法拉第旋转器、AWG器件等)组成，实际应用中成本过高。
发明内容
本发明提供了一种光反射复用芯片、激光发射芯片以及光发射机，用于解决目前基于自注入锁定技术的无色WDM光发射机成本高的问题。
有鉴于此，本发明实施例第一方面提供了一种光反射复用芯片，该光发射复用芯片包括合波器、第二外接端口、N个第三外接端口、N个微环谐振腔、N个偏振分束旋转器，N条第一分支波导以及N条第二分支波导，其中，N为正整数，且大于或等于1，其中，N个偏振分束旋转器与N条第一分支波导一一对应,N个偏振分束旋转器与N条第二分支波导一一对应,N个偏振分束旋转器与N个第三外接端口一一对应,N个偏振分束旋转器与N个微环谐振腔一一对应，合波器分别与上述N条第一分支波导连接，与上述N条第二分支波导连接并与第二外接端口连接，N个偏振分束旋转器中的各个偏振分束旋转器与对应的第一分支波导连接，与对应的第二分支波导连接，并且与对应的第三外接端口连接；
其中，偏振分束旋转器，用于接收偏振光，该偏振光经过偏振分束旋转器后被传输至对应的第一、第二分支波导中。微环谐振腔，对传输至对应的第一分支波导以及对应的第二分支波导中的光进行波长选择，并将选择后的单模光的一部分光通过合波器从第二外接端口输出，将另一部分光作为反射偏振光传输回偏振分束旋转器，该偏振分束旋转器再将对应的微环谐振腔传输回的反射偏振光进行偏振耦合并将耦合后的光通过对应的第三外接端口输出。
在一种可能的设计中，结合上述实施例，上述N个偏振分束旋转器中的各个偏振分束旋转器包含第五波导以及第六波导，其中，各个偏振分束旋转器对应的第五波导与对应的第一分支波导连接，各个偏振分束旋转器对应的第六波导与对应的第二分支波导连接；
偏振分束旋转器，具体用于通过对应的第五波导从对应的第三外接端口中接收偏振光，该偏振光经过对应的偏振分束旋转器后被分解为具有第一偏振方向的第四偏振光以及具有第二偏振方向的第五偏振光，其中，第一偏振方向与第二偏振方向相互垂直，上述第五偏振光通过第六波导被传输至所述对应的第 二分支波导后，转变为具有第一偏振方向的第六偏振光，其后，微环谐振腔,对第二分支波导中的第六偏振光进行波长选择，选择后的一部光通过合波器从第二外接端口输出，另一部分光通过对应的第一分支波导以及对应的第五波导被传输至对应的偏振分束旋转器作为第一偏振反射光；
同理，微环谐振腔,还对第一分支波导中的第四偏振光进行波长选择，选择后的一部光通过合波器输出从第二外接端口输出，另一部分光通过对应的第二分支波导以及对应的第六波导被传输至对应的偏振分束旋转器，并耦合至对应的第五波导转变为具有第二偏振方向的第二偏振反射光，最后第一偏振反射光以及第二偏振反射光通过对应的第五波导从对应的第三外接端口中输出。
在一种可能的设计中，结合上述实施例，第四偏振光以及第六偏振光为横电场(英文全称：transverse electric mode，英文简称：TE)模偏振光，第五偏振光为横磁场(英文全称：transverse magnetic mode，英文简称：TM)模偏振光，第二偏振反射光为TM模偏振光。
本发明实施例第二方面提供了一种激光发射芯片，该激光发射芯片包括：双向发光激光器、偏振分束旋转器以及第一外接端口，其中双向发光激光器与偏振分束旋转器连接，偏振分束旋转器与第一外接端口连接。
具体地，双向发光激光器用于发射偏振光，偏振分束旋转器，用于对双向发光激光器发射的偏振光进行偏振耦合并将耦合后的光通过所述第一外接端口输出，另一种情况，从所述第一外接端口接收与所述偏振光对应的反射偏振光，并对该反射偏振光进行偏振分光并分别注入至所述双向发光激光器，需要指出的是，双向发光激光器发射的偏振光与注入至所述双向发光激光器的光的偏振方向保持一致。
在一种可能的设计中，结合上述实施例，上述双向发光激光器具体可以包含第一波导、第二波导、第一端口以及第二端口，具体的连接关系如下：第一波导与第一端口连接，第二波导与第二端口连接；偏振分束旋转器包含第三波导以及第四波导，第四波导与第一外接端口连接，其中第一波导与第三波导连接，第二波导与第四波导连接。
其中，所述双向发光激光器，具体用于通过第一端口输出具有第一偏振方向的第一偏振光，还可以通过第二端口输出具有第一偏振方向的第二偏振光， 第一偏振光通过第一波导以及第三波导被输出至偏振分束旋转器，第二偏振光通过第二波导以及第四波导被输出至偏振分束旋转器。上述第一偏振光经过第三波导时被耦合至第四波导，转变为具有第二偏振方向的第三偏振光，需要指出的是，第一偏振方向与第二偏振方向相互垂直；上述第二偏振光以及第三偏振光通过第四波导从第一外接端口输出；
偏振分束旋转器，还用于从第一外接端口接收波长为目标波长的反射偏振光，该反射偏振光反射回偏振分束旋转器后被分解为具有第一偏振方向的第一偏振反射光和具有第二偏振方向的第二偏振反射光，其中，第一偏振反射光通过第四波导以及第二波导反射注入双向发光激光器，而第二偏振反射光经过第四波导时被耦合至第三波导，接着通过第三波导以及第一波导注入双向发光激光器。
在一种可能的设计中，上述第一偏振光以及第二偏振光为TE模偏振光，第三偏振光为TM模偏振光，第一偏振反射光以及第三偏振反射光为TE模偏振光，第二偏振反射光为TM模偏振光。
本发明实施例第三方面还提供了一种光发射机，该光发射机包括上述第一方面描述的光反射复用芯片、M条光纤以及M个如上述第二方面所述的激光发射芯片、其中M为正整数，且大于或等于1，在该光发射机中，激光发射芯片的第一外接端口与光反射复用芯片对应的第三外接端口通过对应的光纤相连接。
本发明实施例中，本发明提供了一种光反射复用芯片，用于解决目前基于自注入锁定技术的无色光发射机成本高的问题。本发明实施例中的光发射机采用上述激光发射芯片以及上述光反射复用芯片，相较于现有技术中的光发射机，本发明中的光发射机没有使用成本高的分立器件(如法拉第旋转器，AWG器件等)，在实际应用中成本较低。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例的技术方案，下面将对实施例描述所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还 可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为本发明中的光发射机结构示意图；
图2为本发明实施例一种激光发射芯片一个实施例示意图；
图3为本发明实施例一种光反射复用芯片一个实施例示意图；
图4为本发明实施例一种光发射机一个实施例示意图；
图5为本发明实施例中光发射机的自注入锁定过程示意图。
具体实施方式
本发明提供了一种光反射复用芯片、激光发射芯片以及光发射机，用于解决目前基于自注入锁定技术的无色光发射机成本高的问题。
为了使本技术领域的人员更好地理解本发明方案，下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分的实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都应当属于本发明保护的范围。
本发明的说明书和权利要求书及上述附图中的术语“第一”、“第二”、“第三”、“第四”等(如果存在)是用于区别类似的对象，而不必用于描述特定的顺序或先后次序。应该理解这样使用的数据在适当情况下可以互换，以便这里描述的实施例能够以除了在这里图示或描述的内容以外的顺序实施。此外，术语“包括”和“具有”以及他们的任何变形，意图在于覆盖不排他的包含，例如，包含了一系列步骤或单元的过程、方法、系统、产品或设备不必限于清楚地列出的那些步骤或单元，而是可包括没有清楚地列出的或对于这些过程、方法、产品或设备固有的其它步骤或单元。
为了解决RRU的有色问题，业界内提出了无色WDM光源的概念，但目前基于自注入锁定技术的无色光发射机都由成本比较高的分立元件，如法拉第旋转器、AWG等，在实际应用中成本过高，因此，本发明实施例提供了一种激光发射芯片、光反射复用芯片以及光发射机，用于解决上述成本高的问题。具体如图1所示，图1为本发明中提出的一种基于自注入锁定的光发射机结构示意图，该发射机主要包含2个集成芯片，其中之一为激光发射芯片，由双向 发光激光器以及偏振分束旋转器(英文全称：polarization splitter-rotator，英文简称：PSR)组成，主要的功能是发射激光并接受自注入光，另外一个是光反射复用芯片，由多个PSR，多个微环谐振腔以及合波器组成，主要的功能是实现波长选定、光反射以及光偏振态的旋转，主要的工作原理如下：激光发射芯片发光，并经光纤输入到光反射复用芯片选出某一波长并反射，返回到激光器发射芯片完成自注入锁定的过程。其中，激光发射芯片中的双向发光激光器可以采用III-V族混合集成微环激光器或采用垂直腔光栅耦合激光器，也可以采用其他双向发光激光器，只要双向激光发射器与PSR组成的激光发射芯片能完成上述发射激光并接受自注入光的功能即可，具体此处不做任何限定。同理，该PSR可以采用一种波导型非对称定向耦合器实现，或采用二维平面波导光栅，或其他结构形式的PSR，只要PSR与双向激光发射器组成的激光发射芯片能完成上述功能即可，具体此处不做限定。另外还需要说明的是，也不对光反射复用芯片中的微环谐振腔以及PSR做任何限定，只要能实现上述波长选定、光反射以及光偏振态的旋转的功能即可，通过本发明实施例中的激光发射芯片以及光反射复用芯片实现的光发射机，可以解决目前基于自注入锁定技术的无色光发射机成本高的问题。为了便于理解与叙述，下面对本发明实施例中的激光发射芯片，光反射复用芯片以及光发射机进行详细的描述：
其中，以激光发射芯片中的双向发射激光器采用III-V族混合集成微环激光器，PSR可以采用一种波导型非对称定向耦合器为例对本发明实施例中的激光发射芯片进行描述，请参阅图2，本发明实施例中的一种激光发射芯片2结构示意图，该激光发射芯片2包括：III-V族混合集成微环激光器20、非对称定向耦合器21以及外接端口22。
III-V族混合集成微环激光器包含波导200、波导201、端口202以及端口203以及微环谐振谐振腔204，非对称定向耦合器21包含波导210以及波导211。其中，波导与端口间具体的连接关系如下：波导200与端口202连接，波导201与端口203连接，波导211与外接端口22连接，波导200与波导210连接，波导201与波导211连接。
这里对激光的产生做简要的叙述：III-V族混合集成微环激光器20，其微环谐振谐振腔204的外环包含P掺杂区和有源区，内环包含N掺杂区，当外 加驱动电流时，位于外环的有源区发生粒子数反转，进而产生激光，激光在微环谐振腔内不断增强，并不断耦合入附近的波导，即该III-V族混合集成微环激光器20用于通过端口202以及端口203输出TE模偏振光。上述从端口202输出的TE模偏振光通过波导200以及波导210被输出至非对称定向耦合器21，经过波导210时被耦合至第四波导211，转变为TM模偏振光，即其偏振态旋转了90度，即该TM模偏振光与上述TE模偏振光的偏振方向相互垂直。并通过波导211从外接端口22输出。另一方面，上述从端口203输出的TE模偏振光通过波导201以及波导211被传输至非对称定向耦合器21，并通过波导211从外接端口22输出。
同理，当TE模偏振光和TM模偏振光从外接端口22混合输入非对称定向耦合器21时，TE模偏振光通过波导211以及波导201注入III-V族混合集成微环激光器20，TM模偏振光经过波导211后被耦合至波导210，并通过波导210被传输至波导200，需要指出的是，从波导210传输来的TM模偏振光已经演变为TE模偏振光，即偏振方向旋转了90度，并通过波导200注入III-V族混合集成微环激光器20，即III-V族混合集成微环激光器20注入和输出的光都为TE模偏振光。
另外需要指出的是，由于III-V族混合集成微环激光器20以及非对称定向耦合器21均属于现有技术的内容，本发明实施例只是将两者集成为一个芯片以实现特定的功能，因此，对于无涉及到本发明实施例的结构、组成材料等，在本发明实施例中不再进行赘述。
同样以光反射复用芯片中的PSR采用一种波导型非对称定向耦合器为例对本发明实施例中的光反射复用芯片进行描述，请参阅图3，本发明实施例中的一种光反射复用芯片3结构示意图，该光反射复用芯片3包括：合波器、第二外接端口、N个第三外接端口、N个微环谐振腔、N个非对称定向耦合器，N条第一分支波导以及N条第二分支波导，N为正整数，且大于或等于1。由于光反射芯片中，其中各非对称定向耦合器与各微环谐振腔所实现的功能一样，在这里为了便于理解与叙述，只描述其中波导31、波导32、非对称定向耦合器33、微环谐振腔34以及外接端口35连接组成的通道所实现的功能，具体如图3所示，其连接关系如下：
非对称定向耦合器33包含波导330以及波导331，波导330与波导31连接，波导331与波导32连接，合波器30与波导31连接，与波导32连接，与外接端口36连接；
非对称定向耦合器33，用于通过波导330从端口35接收任意偏振态的光，当任意偏振的光经过非对称定向耦合器33后被分解为TE模偏振光Ain以及TM模偏振光Bin2个分量，需要指出的是，TE模偏振光Ain与TM模偏振光Bin的偏振方向相互垂直，即相差90度。其中，TE模偏振光Ain通过波导330被传输至波导31中，随后当该TE模偏振光中波长为λ的光与微环谐振腔34的谐振峰对准时，波长为λ的光耦合进入微环谐振腔34，进入微环谐振腔32后，其中一部分光从波导32以及波导331反射回非对称定向耦合器33，进入非对称定向耦合器33后，这一部分光从波导331耦合至波导330，并演变为TM模偏振光Aout，从外接端口35输出；另一部分光通过合波器30的一个输入端口进入该合波器30，需要说明的是，该合波器的功能是完成多通道汇总，完成N个通道进入合波器30的光的汇总，并从外接端口36输出汇总后的光。
同理，TM模偏振光Bin从波导330耦合至波导331中，演变为TE模偏振光，并通过波导被传输至波导32中，通过微环谐振腔34完成波长λ的选定，具体过程与上述描述过程类似，即，完成波长λ的选定后，其中一部分光通过波导31以及波导330以TE模偏振光Bout从外接端口35反射输出，另一部分光进入合波器30。
通过上述描述的过程，该光反射激光芯片完成了对输入光的选模、反射以及偏振态旋转90度这三个功能。
上面对其中一种激光发射芯片以及光反射复用芯片的结构功能进行描述，下面对激光发射芯片、光反射复用芯片以及光纤组成的光发射机以及该光发射机完成的功能进行描述，请参阅图4，本发明实施例中的一种光发射机，这里需要说明的是，该光发射机中的激光发射芯片是一个或多个，这里为了便于描述，这里以一个光发射芯片的情况进行描述，请参阅图4，本发明实施例中一种光发射机示意图，包括：激光发射芯片40、光纤41以及光反射复用芯片42，其中，激光发射芯片40包含双向发光激光器400、偏振分束旋转器401以及外接端口402；光反射复用芯片42包含合波器420、外接端口421、N个第二 外接端口422、N个微环谐振腔423、N个偏振分束旋转器424，N条波导425以及N条波导426，N为正整数，且大于或等于1，N大于或等于M，合波器420与波导425连接，与波导426连接、与外接端口421连接，外接端口402与外接端口422光纤41相连。
其中，双向发光激光器400，用于输出偏振光，偏振光被输出至偏振分束旋转器401，经过偏振分束旋转器401后通过外接端口402输出至对应的偏振分束旋转器424，经过对应的偏振分束旋转器424后，该偏振光被传输至波导425以及波导426中，对应的微环谐振腔423锁定偏振光中波长为目标波长的目标偏振光，并通过合波器420输出从外接端口421目标偏振光的一部分光，另一部分光被作为反射光被反射回振分束旋转器424，通过对应的外接端口422反射回偏振分束旋转器401，反射光经过偏振分束旋转器401后被注入双向发光激光器400完成双向发光激光器400的自注入锁定。
本发明实施例中的光发射机采用上述激光发射芯片以及上述光反射复用芯片用于实现，该光发射机通过激光发射芯片发射多波长的偏振光，经过光纤传输后通过光反射复用芯片实现对上述偏振光的波长选定以及将上述偏振光反射回上述激光发射芯片，最终该光发射机实现特定波长的锁定，并锁定在该波长上工作。相较于现有技术中的光发射机，本发明中的光发射机没有使用成本高的分立器件例如如法拉第旋转器、AWG器件等，在实际应用中成本较低。
为了便于理解，下面以基于为图2所示的激光发射芯片，以及图3所示光反射复用芯片组成的光发射机的对自注入过程进行描述，如图5所示：
图5中的图a是没有反射光注入到III-V族混合集成微环激光器时激光器在端口1和端口2的输出光光谱图，此时，III-V族混合集成微环激光器中各个光的纵模之间的竞争势钧力敌，边模抑制比非常差。由于III-V族混合集成微环激光器是双向发光激光器，端口1和端口2是对称的，为叙述和理解方便，首先以端口1发光进行分析。在激光发射芯片中，端口1输出的TE模偏振光经端口3输入非对称定向耦合器1，在端口5演变为TM模偏振光输出。经过光纤传输后，原先TM模偏振光已变为任意偏振态，并输入到光反射复用芯片中。因此，在端口6处，输入光被分解为TE模偏振光和TM模偏振光两个分量，经非对称定向耦合器2后，TE模偏振光由端口7输入波导1中，TM模 偏振光演变为TE模偏振光后由端口8输入波导2，在该两路波导中传输的光的某一个波长λ1与微环谐振腔的谐振峰对准时，该纵模被选定进入微环谐振腔，如图b所示。具体过程如下：从波导1耦合进入微环谐振腔的光将由波导2耦合输出，从波导2耦合进入微环谐振腔的光将由波导1耦合输出。这样，从端口7进入微环谐振腔的光将从端口8返回，从端口8进入微环谐振腔的光将从端口7返回。经过PSR后，在端口6的反射光的偏振态与原输入光偏振态相比旋转了90度，并且利用微环谐振腔完成了波长选定，输出光谱如图c所示。反射光经过单模光纤返回激光发射芯片，本领域技术人员可以知道，在光纤中反射光本身的偏振态是不断旋转变化的，但是在光纤上的任意一点与激光器输出光的偏振态始终准确地保持相差90度。因此，反射光到达激光发射芯片端口5时，其偏振态与原先输出时的TM模偏振态是相互垂直的，变为TE模偏振态。TE偏振态的反射光经PSR后由端口4输出，并注入双向发光激光器。需要指出的是，上述过程只是最终完成自注入锁定的一个动态过程，实际上需要多次来回往复，使得波长为λ1的纵模得以不断增强，而其它模则不断被抑制，形成很高的边模抑制比。最终III-V族混合集成微环激光器的波长被锁定在由微环谐振腔滤出的λ1波长上，如图d所示。可以理解的是，III-V族混合集成微环激光器从端口2发光的情况与之类似，不同点在于端口5的输出光为TE模偏振光，而对应的反射回来的光为TM模偏振光。实际工作时，端口1和端口2同时发光和接收反射注入，共同完成自注入锁定。如图e所示，自注入锁定进入稳态后，输出光输出至合波器，完成与其他通道合路后，最终通过端口10输出。
本领域普通技术人员可以理解实现上述实施例方法中的全部或部分流程，是可以通过计算机程序来指令相关的硬件来完成，所述的程序可存储于一计算机可读取存储介质中，该程序在执行时，可包括如上述各方法的实施例的流程。其中，所述的存储介质可为磁碟、光盘、只读存储记忆体(英文全称：Read-Only Memory，英文简称：ROM)或随机存储记忆体(英文全称：Random Access，Memory，英文简称：RAM)等。
最后应说明的是：以上各实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案，而非对其限制；尽管参照前述各实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明，本领域的普通技术 人员应当理解：其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分或者全部技术特征进行等同替换；而这些修改或者替换，并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本发明各实施例技术方案的范围。

Claims (8)

  1. 一种光反射复用芯片，其特征在于，包括：
    合波器、第二外接端口、N个第三外接端口、N个微环谐振腔、N个偏振分束旋转器，N条第一分支波导以及N条第二分支波导，所述N为正整数，且大于或等于1,所述N个偏振分束旋转器与所述N条第一分支波导一一对应,所述N个偏振分束旋转器与所述N条第二分支波导一一对应,所述N个偏振分束旋转器与所述N个第三外接端口一一对应,所述N个偏振分束旋转器与所述N个微环谐振腔一一对应；
    所述合波器与所述N条第一分支波导连接，与所述N条第二分支波导连接，与所述第二外接端口连接；
    所述N个偏振分束旋转器中的各个偏振分束旋转器与对应的第一分支波导连接，与对应的第二分支波导连接，与对应的第三外接端口连接；
    所述N个偏振分束旋转器中的各个偏振分束旋转器，用于从对应的第三外接端口中接收偏振光，对所述偏振光进行偏振分光并输出至对应的第一分支波导以及对应的第二分支波导中；
    所述N个微环谐振腔中的各个微环谐振腔,用于对传输至对应的第一分支波导以及对应的第二分支波导中的光进行波长选择，并将通过所述各个微环谐振腔波长选择后的光的一部分光通过所述合波器从所述第二外接端口输出，另一部分光作为反射偏振光传输回对应的偏振分束旋转器；
    所述N个偏振分束旋转器中的各个偏振分束旋转器,用于将对应的微环谐振腔传输回的反射偏振光进行偏振耦合并将耦合后的光通过对应的第三外接端口输出。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的光反射复用芯片，其特征在于，
    所述N个偏振分束旋转器中的各个偏振分束旋转器包含第五波导以及第六波导，所述各个偏振分束旋转器对应的第五波导与对应的第一分支波导连接，所述各个偏振分束旋转器对应的第六波导与对应的第二分支波导连接；
    所述N个偏振分束旋转器中的各个偏振分束旋转器，用于通过对应的第五波导从对应的第三外接端口中接收所述偏振光；
    所述偏振光经过所述N个偏振分束旋转器中的各个偏振分束旋转器后被 分解为具有第一偏振方向的第四偏振光以及具有第二偏振方向的第五偏振光，所述第一偏振方向与所述第二偏振方向相互垂直；
    所述第四偏振光通过对应的第五波导被传输至对应的第一分支波导中；
    所述第五偏振光通过对应的第六波导被传输至对应的第二分支波导中，并转变为具有所述第一偏振方向的第六偏振光；
    所述N个微环谐振腔中的各个微环谐振腔,用于对所述第六偏振光进行波长选择，经过所述各个微环谐振腔波长选择后的所述第六偏振光的一部光通过所述合波器从所述第二外接端口输出，另一部分光通过对应的第一分支波导以及对应的第五波导被传输至所述对应的偏振分束旋转器作为第一偏振反射光；
    所述N个微环谐振腔中的各个微环谐振腔,用于对所述第四偏振光进行波长选择，通过所述各个微环谐振腔波长选择后的所述第四偏振光的一部光通过所述合波器输出从所述第二外接端口输出，另一部分光通过对应的第二分支波导以及对应的第六波导被传输至对应的偏振分束旋转器，并耦合至对应的第五波导转变为具有所述第二偏振方向的第二偏振反射光；
    所述第一偏振反射光以及所述第二偏振反射光通过对应的第五波导从对应的第三外接端口输出。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的光反射复用芯片，其特征在于，
    所述第四偏振光以及所述第六偏振光为横电场TE模偏振光，所述第五偏振光为横磁场TM模偏振光；
    所述第二偏振反射光为TM模偏振光。
  4. 一种激光发射芯片，其特征在于，包括：
    双向发光激光器、偏振分束旋转器以及第一外接端口；
    所述双向发光激光器与所述偏振分束旋转器连接，所述偏振分束旋转器与所述第一外接端口连接；
    所述双向发光激光器，用于发射偏振光；
    所述偏振分束旋转器，用于对所述双向发光激光器发射的所述偏振光进行偏振耦合并将耦合后的光通过所述第一外接端口输出，从所述第一外接端口接收与所述偏振光对应的反射偏振光，对所述反射偏振光进行偏振分光并分别注入至所述双向发光激光器，所述双向发光激光器发射的所述偏振光与注入至所 述双向发光激光器的光的偏振方向一致。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的激光发射芯片，其特征在于，
    所述双向发光激光器包含第一波导、第二波导、第一端口以及第二端口，所述第一波导与所述第一端口连接，所述第二波导与所述第二端口连接；
    所述偏振分束旋转器包含第三波导以及第四波导，所述第四波导与所述第一外接端口连接；
    所述第一波导与所述第三波导连接，所述第二波导与所述第四波导连接；
    所述双向发光激光器，用于通过所述第一端口发射具有第一偏振方向的第一偏振光，通过所述第二端口发射具有所述第一偏振方向的第二偏振光；
    所述第一偏振光通过所述第一波导以及所述第三波导被输出至所述偏振分束旋转器；
    所述第二偏振光通过所述第二波导以及第四波导被输出至所述偏振分束旋转器；
    所述第一偏振光经过所述第三波导时被耦合至所述第四波导，并转变为具有第二偏振方向的第三偏振光，所述第一偏振方向与所述第二偏振方向相互垂直；
    所述第二偏振光以及所述第三偏振光通过所述第四波导从所述第一外接端口输出；
    所述偏振分束旋转器，用于从所述第一外接端口接收反射偏振光；
    所述反射偏振光经过所述偏振分束旋转器后分解为具有所述第一偏振方向的第一偏振反射光和具有所述第二偏振方向的第二偏振反射光；
    所述第一偏振反射光通过所述第四波导以及所述第二波导注入所述双向发光激光器；
    所述第二偏振反射光经过所述第四波导后被耦合至所述第三波导，所述第二偏振反射光通过所述第三波导被传输至第一波导时转变为具有所述第一偏振方向的第三偏振反射光，并通过所述第一波导注入所述双向发光激光器。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的激光发射芯片，其特征在于，
    所述第一偏振光以及所述第二偏振光为TE模偏振光，所述第三偏振光为TM模偏振光；
    所述第一偏振反射光以及所述第三偏振反射光为TE模偏振光，所述第二偏振反射光为TM模偏振光。
  7. 根据权利要求4至6所述的激光发射芯片，其特征在于，所述双向发光激光器为III-V族混合集成微环激光器或者垂直腔光栅耦合激光器。
  8. 一种光发射机，其特征在于，包括：
    如权利要求1所述的光反射复用芯片、M条光纤以及M个如权利要求4所述的激光发射芯片、所述M为正整数，且大于或等于1；
    所述激光发射芯片的第一外接端口与所述光反射复用芯片对应的第三外接端口通过对应的光纤相连。
PCT/CN2016/073152 2016-02-02 2016-02-02 一种光反射复用芯片、激光发射芯片以及光发射机 WO2017132820A1 (zh)

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