WO2017128598A1 - Procédé de dessalement d'eau de mer et dispositif de dessalement d'eau de mer - Google Patents

Procédé de dessalement d'eau de mer et dispositif de dessalement d'eau de mer Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017128598A1
WO2017128598A1 PCT/CN2016/085659 CN2016085659W WO2017128598A1 WO 2017128598 A1 WO2017128598 A1 WO 2017128598A1 CN 2016085659 W CN2016085659 W CN 2016085659W WO 2017128598 A1 WO2017128598 A1 WO 2017128598A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
seawater
filter
adsorption
oil
degreasing
Prior art date
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PCT/CN2016/085659
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English (en)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
蔡顺豪
Original Assignee
蔡雄
蔡顺豪
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 蔡雄, 蔡顺豪 filed Critical 蔡雄
Publication of WO2017128598A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017128598A1/fr

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F9/00—Multistage treatment of water, waste water or sewage
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/46—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods
    • C02F1/469—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrochemical separation, e.g. by electro-osmosis, electrodialysis, electrophoresis
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/46—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods
    • C02F1/469—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrochemical separation, e.g. by electro-osmosis, electrodialysis, electrophoresis
    • C02F1/4693—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrochemical separation, e.g. by electro-osmosis, electrodialysis, electrophoresis electrodialysis
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/001—Processes for the treatment of water whereby the filtration technique is of importance
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/28—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/40—Devices for separating or removing fatty or oily substances or similar floating material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
    • C02F2103/08—Seawater, e.g. for desalination
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
    • Y02A20/124—Water desalination

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a seawater desalination method and a seawater desalination system, in particular to a seawater desalination method and a seawater desalination system based on electrodialysis seawater desalination.
  • seawater desalination generally adopts reverse osmosis method, distillation method and electrodialysis method, and the reverse osmosis method and the distillation method have large volume, high energy consumption, low desalination efficiency and limited application range, and cannot meet the needs of use.
  • the electrodialysis method is a seawater desalination method which is widely used in the prior art in recent years.
  • the prior art electrodialysis seawater desalination method and equipment also have large equipment, low efficiency and high energy consumption.
  • seawater degreasing is also a technical problem that must be solved in the desalination process. It cannot be applied in the prior art. Disadvantages of oil-stained seawater desalination and degreasing treatment. Oil-stained seawater reduces the desalination efficiency for desalination treatment.
  • the electrodialysis desalination method and equipment have the advantages of large volume, low efficiency, high energy consumption, and unsuitable for oily seawater desalination and degreasing treatment, and the oily seawater is further reduced in desalination treatment.
  • the invention discloses a seawater desalination method and a seawater desalination system.
  • the method for achieving the purpose of seawater desalination of the present invention is that the method is implemented based on an electrodialysis seawater desalination method, characterized in that the method is realized by the following steps:
  • Step (1) Pressurizing the desalinated seawater to perform impurity removal filtering treatment
  • Step (2) performing degreasing and filtering treatment on seawater filtered by impurities
  • Step (3) Pressurizing the degreased filtered seawater to not less than 50 PSI, and performing adsorption and degreasing treatment through the filter layer of the nano material, and the seawater oil concentration after the treatment is ⁇ 2 ppm;
  • Step (4) The seawater after the adsorption and degreasing treatment of the nano material is subjected to the pressure state of the maintaining step (3) to generate a swirling flow, and enters the electrodialysis seawater desiccator to obtain the drinkable desalinated water and the high salt concentration water after performing electrodialysis desalination. .
  • the technical scheme adopted by the seawater desalination system of the invention is: a seawater desalination system, comprising: a seawater filter and an electrodialysis seawater desiccator.
  • the seawater filter comprises: seawater impurity removal filter, seawater degreasing filter, seawater adsorption degreasing filter, vortex generator, electrodialysis seawater desiccator and pressure pump, pressure pump, seawater impurity removal filter
  • seawater degreasing filter, the seawater adsorption degreasing filter, the vortex generator and the electrodialysis desalination device form a pipeline connection in sequence.
  • the seawater impurity removal filter comprises: an impurity filter housing and a hollow impurity filter core, the hollow impurity filter core is disposed in the impurity filter housing, and the impurity filter inlet pipe communicates with the impurity filter housing inner cavity, and the impurity filter
  • the outlet pipe communicates with the inner cavity of the hollow impurity filter core, and constitutes a seawater decontamination filter structure in which the filtered seawater flows from the impurity filter inlet pipe into the impurity filter casing and is filtered by the hollow impurity filter core and then discharged from the impurity filter outlet pipe.
  • the seawater degreasing filter comprises: an oil filter housing and a hollow oil filter core, wherein the hollow oil filter core is disposed in the oil filter housing, the oil filter inlet pipe communicates with the inner cavity of the oil filter housing, and the hollow oil filter The inner cavity of the core communicates with the outlet pipe of the oil filter, and constitutes a degreasing filter structure in which the filtered seawater flows from the oil filter inlet pipe into the oil filter casing through the hollow oil filter core and then flows out from the oil filter outlet pipe.
  • the seawater adsorption degreasing filter comprises: an oil adsorption filter housing and a hollow nano adsorption filter core, the hollow nano adsorption filter core is disposed in the oil adsorption filter housing, the seawater adsorption degreasing filter inlet and the hollow nano adsorption
  • the inner cavity of the filter core is connected, and the water outlet of the seawater adsorption degreasing filter communicates with the inner cavity of the oil adsorption filter casing, and the filtered seawater is adsorbed and degreased by the hollow nanometer adsorption filter core, and then enters the oil adsorption filter casing to be adsorbed and degreased by seawater.
  • the seawater flowing out of the filter inlet adsorbs the degreasing filter structure;
  • the electrodialysis seawater desiccator comprises: a cathode plate, an anode plate and a plurality of spaced anion exchange membranes and a cation exchange membrane, wherein the anion exchange membrane and the cation exchange membrane form a seawater desalination treatment cavity,
  • the anion exchange membrane and the cation exchange membrane are circular, and the seawater desalination treatment cavity formed between the anion exchange membrane and the cation exchange membrane is a circular cavity.
  • the invention has the advantages that the device has small volume and low energy consumption, and the energy consumption is reduced by 60-70%, the seawater desalination efficiency is high, and the seawater oil concentration after treatment is ⁇ 2 ppm, which is particularly suitable for use on islands and ships.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic view of a seawater desalination system of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an electrodialytic seawater desiccator in a seawater desalination system of the present invention.
  • Figure 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of Figure 2A-A.
  • Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view of Figure 2B-B.
  • Figure 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a vortex generator in a seawater desalination system of the present invention.
  • 1 seawater impurity filter 1-1 impurity filter housing, 1-2 hollow impurity filter, 1-3 impurities Filter inlet pipe, 1-4 impurity filter outlet pipe, 2 seawater degreasing filter, 2-1 oil filter housing, 2-2 hollow oil filter, 2-3 oil filter inlet pipe, 2-4 Oil filter outlet pipe, 3 seawater adsorption degreasing filter, 3-1 oil adsorption filter housing, 3-2 hollow nano-adsorption filter core, 3-3 seawater adsorption degreasing filter inlet, 3-4 seawater adsorption Degreasing filter outlet, 3-5 drain sump, 4 vortex generator, 4-1 vortex generator impeller, 4-2 vortex generator housing, 4-3 vortex generator inlet, 4-4 vortex generator Outlet, 5 electrodialysis seawater desiccator, 5-1 cathode plate, 5-2 anode plate, 5-3 anion exchange membrane, 5-4 cation exchange membrane, 6 pressure pump.
  • a seawater desalination method is implemented based on an electrodialysis seawater desalination method, which is achieved by the following steps:
  • Step (1) Pressurizing the desalinated seawater to perform impurity removal filtering treatment
  • Step (2) performing degreasing and filtering treatment on seawater filtered by impurities
  • Step (3) Pressurizing the degreased filtered seawater to not less than 50 PSI, and performing adsorption and degreasing treatment through the filter layer of the nano material, and the seawater oil concentration after the treatment is ⁇ 2 ppm;
  • Step (4) The seawater after the adsorption and degreasing treatment of the nano material is subjected to the pressure state of the maintaining step (3) to generate a swirling flow, and enters the electrodialysis seawater desiccator to obtain the drinkable desalinated water and the high salt concentration water after performing electrodialysis desalination. .
  • the filter material having a certain thickness is used for the impurity removal and degreasing treatment.
  • Step (3) is carried out by adsorption and degreasing treatment through the filter layer of the nano material, and the oil content of the seawater after the treatment is ⁇ 2 ppm.
  • the purpose of this step is to solve the quality of the water after desalination, and at the same time to improve the desalination efficiency of the electrodialysis seawater desiccator, since the oil is an insulator, the presence of oil in the seawater greatly reduces the desalination efficiency.
  • Step (4) The seawater is subjected to the pressure state of the maintaining step (3) to cause a swirling flow, and the purpose of entering the electrodialysis seawater desiccator is to generate a swirling flow to increase the kinetic energy of the anion and cation impact anion exchange membrane and the cation exchange membrane, and accelerate the anion.
  • the separation speed with the cation increases the desalination efficiency.
  • the examples and experiments prove that the technical characteristics of step (4) can improve the seawater desalination efficiency by 3-5 times.
  • a seawater desalination system comprising: a seawater filter and an electrodialysis seawater desiccator.
  • the seawater filter comprises: seawater impurity removal filter 1, seawater degreasing filter 2, seawater adsorption degreaser filter 3, vortex generator 4, electrodialysis seawater desiccator 5 and pressure pump 6, pressure pump 6.
  • the seawater impurity removal filter 1, the seawater degreasing filter 2, the seawater adsorption degreasing filter 3, the vortex generator 4 and the electrodialysis seawater desiccator 5 constitute a pipeline connection in sequence.
  • the seawater impurity removing filter 1 includes an impurity filter housing 1-1 and a hollow impurity filter core 1-2, and the hollow impurity filter core 1-2 is disposed in the impurity filter housing 1-1, and the impurity filter Inlet pipe 1-3 and impurity filter housing 1 - 1
  • the inner cavity is connected, and the impurity filter outlet pipe 1-4 is connected with the inner cavity of the hollow impurity filter core 1-2, and the filtered seawater is filtered by the impurity filter inlet pipe 1-3 into the impurity filter case 1-1 through the hollow impurity.
  • the seawater flowing out of the impurity filter outlet pipe 1-4 removes the impurity filter structure.
  • the seawater impurity removal filter 1 is set to remove impurities in the seawater, ensure smooth and normal operation of the subsequent process equipment, and reduce equipment cleaning and component replacement.
  • the seawater degreasing filter 2 comprises: an oil filter housing 2-1 and a hollow oil filter core 2-2, and the hollow oil filter core 2-2 is disposed in the oil filter housing 2-1, the oil filter
  • the inlet pipe 2-3 is connected to the inner cavity of the oil filter casing 2-1, and the inner cavity of the hollow oil filter core 2-2 is connected with the oil filter outlet pipe 2-4 to constitute the filtered seawater by the oil filter inlet pipe 2- 3 Entering the seawater degreasing filter structure which is filtered by the oil filter outlet pipe 2-4 after the oil filter housing 2-1 is filtered by the hollow oil filter core 2-2.
  • the seawater degreasing filter 2 is set to remove the large oil droplets to reduce the working pressure of the seawater adsorption and degreasing filter 3, and increase the use and replacement time of the hollow nano-adsorption filter 3-2.
  • the hollow oil filter cartridge 2-2 employs a filter material having a certain adsorption effect on oil.
  • the seawater adsorption and degreasing filter 3 includes an oil adsorption filter housing 3-1 and a hollow nano adsorption filter core 3-2, and the hollow nano adsorption filter core 3-2 is disposed in the oil adsorption filter housing 3-1.
  • the seawater adsorption degreasing filter inlet 3-3 communicates with the hollow nano-adsorption filter core 3-2, and the seawater adsorption degreasing filter outlet 3-4 is connected to the inner cavity of the oil adsorption filter housing 3-1.
  • the seawater adsorbing and degreasing filter structure which is formed by filtering and dewatering the filtered seawater by the hollow nano-adsorption filter core 3-2 and entering the oil adsorption filter casing 3-1 and flowing out through the seawater adsorption degreasing filter inlet 3-3.
  • the seawater adsorption and degreasing filter 3 is arranged to adsorb small oil droplets or oil molecules through the hollow nano-adsorption filter core 3-2 for forming a stable emulsion of water and smaller oil droplets or oil molecules.
  • the implementation example shows that the structure can make the oil concentration of the treated seawater ⁇ 2ppm, and greatly improve the water quality after desalination.
  • the seawater after degreasing treatment reduces the presence of insulator oil and improves the desalination efficiency of the electrodialysis seawater desiccator.
  • the electrodialysis seawater desiccator 5 comprises: a cathode plate 5-1, an anode plate 5-2, and a group of anion exchange membranes 5-3 and a cation exchange membrane 5-4 disposed at intervals, the anion exchange membrane 5- 3 and a cation exchange membrane 5-4 constitute a seawater desalination treatment cavity, the anion exchange membrane 5-3 and the cation exchange membrane 5-4 are circular, the anion exchange membrane 5-3 and the cation exchange membrane 5-4 The seawater desalination treatment cavity formed between them is a circular cavity.
  • the anion exchange membrane 5-3 and the cation exchange membrane 5-4 are circular, and the seawater desalination treatment cavity formed between the anion exchange membrane 5-3 and the cation exchange membrane 5-4 is a circular cavity, which is greatly Improve the pressure bearing capacity of the electrodialysis seawater desiccator 5, reduce the volume of the equipment under the same system pressure conditions, and the circular cavity structure can simultaneously facilitate the kinetic energy loss of seawater flowing in the circular cavity, in order to improve the anion and cation impact anion Exchange membranes and cation exchange membranes create conditions.
  • the vortex generator 4 includes: a vortex generating impeller 4-1 and a vortex generator housing 4-2, and a vortex generating impeller 4-1 is rotatably supported in the vortex generator housing 4-2, and eddy current occurs.
  • the water inlet 4-3 is disposed perpendicular to the axis of the vortex generating impeller 4-1, and the vortex generator water outlet 4-4 is disposed coaxially with the vortex generating impeller 4-1.
  • the vortex generator 4 further enhances the kinetic energy of the seawater and improves the direction of the anion and cations in the seawater impinging on the anion exchange membrane and the cation exchange membrane, thereby greatly improving the desalination efficiency of the electrodialysis seawater desiccator 5.
  • the seawater adsorption and degreasing filter 3 is provided with the inner cavity of the hollow nano-adsorption filter core 3-2.
  • the oil drain 3-4 is provided.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
  • Water Treatment By Electricity Or Magnetism (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un procédé de dessalement d'eau de mer et un système de dessalement d'eau de mer. Le procédé de dessalement d'eau de mer comprend quatre étapes, à savoir, une filtration pour l'élimination des impuretés, une filtration pour l'élimination de pétrole, une mise sous pression et une adsorption pour l'élimination de pétrole, et un dessalement par électrodialyse. Le système de dessalement d'eau de mer comprend une pompe de surpression (6), un filtre d'élimination des impuretés d'eau de mer (1), un filtre d'élimination de pétrole d'eau de mer (2), un filtre d'élimination de pétrole par absorption d'eau de mer (3), un générateur de tourbillon (4) et un dispositif de dessalement d'eau de mer par électrodialyse (5). Le procédé et le système de dessalement d'eau de mer réduisent la consommation d'énergie de 60 à 70 % par rapport à l'art antérieur, et la concentration pétrolifère d'eau de mer traitée est ≤ 2 ppm. Le procédé et le système de dessalement d'eau de mer sont applicables à des îles et des navires.
PCT/CN2016/085659 2016-01-29 2016-06-14 Procédé de dessalement d'eau de mer et dispositif de dessalement d'eau de mer WO2017128598A1 (fr)

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CN201610066885.4A CN106045137A (zh) 2016-01-29 2016-01-29 一种海水淡化方法及海水淡化系统
CN201610066885.4 2016-01-29

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CN114212907A (zh) * 2022-02-21 2022-03-22 深圳市九力信水处理科技有限公司 一种浓缩新能源铝电池生产用废水浓缩装置及其浓缩方法

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CN108996792A (zh) * 2018-08-14 2018-12-14 吴爱兵 一种海水淡化方法

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US6274020B1 (en) * 2000-04-28 2001-08-14 Ernst Schmidt Electrodialysis membrane and gasket stack system
CN101516786A (zh) * 2006-09-20 2009-08-26 西门子水处理技术公司 用于脱盐的方法及设备
CN105050963A (zh) * 2013-03-29 2015-11-11 三菱重工机电系统株式会社 水再生系统及脱盐处理装置、以及水再生方法
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