WO2017125006A1 - 一种电声乐器节奏可控的方法及其对卡拉ok的改进 - Google Patents

一种电声乐器节奏可控的方法及其对卡拉ok的改进 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017125006A1
WO2017125006A1 PCT/CN2017/071460 CN2017071460W WO2017125006A1 WO 2017125006 A1 WO2017125006 A1 WO 2017125006A1 CN 2017071460 W CN2017071460 W CN 2017071460W WO 2017125006 A1 WO2017125006 A1 WO 2017125006A1
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Prior art keywords
music
pronunciation
touch
playing
musical
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PCT/CN2017/071460
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English (en)
French (fr)
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李元辉
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李元辉
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Publication of WO2017125006A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017125006A1/zh

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10H—ELECTROPHONIC MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; INSTRUMENTS IN WHICH THE TONES ARE GENERATED BY ELECTROMECHANICAL MEANS OR ELECTRONIC GENERATORS, OR IN WHICH THE TONES ARE SYNTHESISED FROM A DATA STORE
    • G10H3/00—Instruments in which the tones are generated by electromechanical means
    • G10H3/12—Instruments in which the tones are generated by electromechanical means using mechanical resonant generators, e.g. strings or percussive instruments, the tones of which are picked up by electromechanical transducers, the electrical signals being further manipulated or amplified and subsequently converted to sound by a loudspeaker or equivalent instrument
    • G10H3/14—Instruments in which the tones are generated by electromechanical means using mechanical resonant generators, e.g. strings or percussive instruments, the tones of which are picked up by electromechanical transducers, the electrical signals being further manipulated or amplified and subsequently converted to sound by a loudspeaker or equivalent instrument using mechanically actuated vibrators with pick-up means
    • G10H3/18—Instruments in which the tones are generated by electromechanical means using mechanical resonant generators, e.g. strings or percussive instruments, the tones of which are picked up by electromechanical transducers, the electrical signals being further manipulated or amplified and subsequently converted to sound by a loudspeaker or equivalent instrument using mechanically actuated vibrators with pick-up means using a string, e.g. electric guitar
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
    • G06F3/01—Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
    • G06F3/048—Interaction techniques based on graphical user interfaces [GUI]
    • G06F3/0487—Interaction techniques based on graphical user interfaces [GUI] using specific features provided by the input device, e.g. functions controlled by the rotation of a mouse with dual sensing arrangements, or of the nature of the input device, e.g. tap gestures based on pressure sensed by a digitiser
    • G06F3/0488—Interaction techniques based on graphical user interfaces [GUI] using specific features provided by the input device, e.g. functions controlled by the rotation of a mouse with dual sensing arrangements, or of the nature of the input device, e.g. tap gestures based on pressure sensed by a digitiser using a touch-screen or digitiser, e.g. input of commands through traced gestures
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
    • G06F3/01—Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
    • G06F3/048—Interaction techniques based on graphical user interfaces [GUI]
    • G06F3/0487—Interaction techniques based on graphical user interfaces [GUI] using specific features provided by the input device, e.g. functions controlled by the rotation of a mouse with dual sensing arrangements, or of the nature of the input device, e.g. tap gestures based on pressure sensed by a digitiser
    • G06F3/0488—Interaction techniques based on graphical user interfaces [GUI] using specific features provided by the input device, e.g. functions controlled by the rotation of a mouse with dual sensing arrangements, or of the nature of the input device, e.g. tap gestures based on pressure sensed by a digitiser using a touch-screen or digitiser, e.g. input of commands through traced gestures
    • G06F3/04886—Interaction techniques based on graphical user interfaces [GUI] using specific features provided by the input device, e.g. functions controlled by the rotation of a mouse with dual sensing arrangements, or of the nature of the input device, e.g. tap gestures based on pressure sensed by a digitiser using a touch-screen or digitiser, e.g. input of commands through traced gestures by partitioning the display area of the touch-screen or the surface of the digitising tablet into independently controllable areas, e.g. virtual keyboards or menus
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10C—PIANOS, HARPSICHORDS, SPINETS OR SIMILAR STRINGED MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS WITH ONE OR MORE KEYBOARDS
    • G10C3/00—Details or accessories
    • G10C3/12—Keyboards; Keys
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10H—ELECTROPHONIC MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; INSTRUMENTS IN WHICH THE TONES ARE GENERATED BY ELECTROMECHANICAL MEANS OR ELECTRONIC GENERATORS, OR IN WHICH THE TONES ARE SYNTHESISED FROM A DATA STORE
    • G10H1/00—Details of electrophonic musical instruments
    • G10H1/02—Means for controlling the tone frequencies, e.g. attack or decay; Means for producing special musical effects, e.g. vibratos or glissandos

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an electroacoustic musical instrument, and more particularly to the control of the musical rhythm of an electroacoustic instrument, as well as improvements to karaoke equipment and piano-like equipment.
  • the technical solution of the present invention includes a method for recording and digitizing a music piece, a method for generating an electronic music score by using a computer, and a method for playing and playing a finished music piece or a music score, and these methods need to write a corresponding computer program.
  • the methods of the present invention can also be used to improve karaoke and piano.
  • the method for making a music piece of the present invention is divided into three types: recording a real instrument playing sound effect and performing digital binding processing; generating a suitable electronic music sound effect by computer processing; and generating a directly usable electronic music score through computer processing.
  • Most instruments can be divided into two categories according to their performance and pronunciation: continuous pronunciation instruments, and non-continuous pronunciation instruments.
  • Continuous pronunciation instruments mean that the pronunciation of the instrument can be continuous, such as accordion, flute, violin, matouqin, erhu and so on.
  • Non-continuous pronunciation instruments mean that the pronunciation of the instrument is discontinuous, intermittent, such as piano, guitar, guzheng, harp and so on. This sorting method is for different play methods in the play.
  • the recording of the real musical instrument needs to first divide the pronunciation unit of the music, as shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, recording each note or chord in the musical score as a pronunciation unit, or The notes corresponding to each word or word of the lyrics are pronunciation units, and the performance of the instrument is recorded in sequence. Sound effect, and the sound processing of the recorded pronunciation unit (ie, the division unit) is intelligently processed.
  • the purpose is to adapt to the performance of the player's performance of the music, which shows different sustain effects due to different touch frequencies. Both continuous-sounding and non-sequential-sounding instruments are played for each note in the score, so the recording is the same.
  • the pronunciation of a certain pronunciation unit sound is 1 second, and the intelligent processing can be expressed as any number of different pronunciation lengths between 0.1 seconds and 10 seconds.
  • the specific method is to use the recorded sound effect.
  • the part that is seamlessly replicated is extended or cut off, and the attenuation effect is made as needed.
  • the pronunciation effect in the length of the ⁇ can be constant, or attenuated, or from constant to decay, to adapt to different performance needs, and to set the maximum continuous vocal length according to the type of the instrument, in order to simulate the free performance of the real instrument. .
  • the switching between the sound effects of the two previous vocal units can be set to direct cutoff or gradual decay according to requirements.
  • the sound effects of each sound unit are sorted in the order of the music by the computer.
  • songs with lyrics one or several vocal unit sound effects and song lyrics can be bound separately in order. Binding means that individuals in these categories have to do one-to-one lock.
  • the second method of making music can also be to generate suitable electronic music effects by computer processing.
  • the method is to input a normal score or a common electronic score to the computer to automatically generate the sound effects of various instruments, and then, as described above, the sound effects of the performance are also divided according to the score according to the music score, and each program is generated according to the program setting.
  • the pronunciation unit has different lengths of sustaining effect, and finally: All the categories including the pronunciation unit and the sound effect, the pronunciation order, the lyrics, the position in the score, the pronunciation of the original music, and the type of the instrument are all Corresponding digitized bindings and storage, or as many bindings as possible to these categories. This completes the generation and processing of computer simulation music.
  • a third method of making music is to use a computer to make an electronic score that can be used directly later.
  • This method does not need to pre-record or generate music effects, the production process is to directly include the ordinary music notes, hair
  • the data of the length of the sound, the pronunciation order, and the lyrics (non-essential) are one-to-one correspondence and input into the computer and generate a special electronic score of the divided pronunciation unit.
  • the computer can be based on the electronic score, the selected instrument type.
  • the player's touch signal gives the corresponding computer synthesized pronunciation or calls the pre-stored note library pronunciation, and the computer calculates the sustaining effect of the arbitrary length of the pronunciation unit.
  • Computer-synthesized pronunciations can be selected in different high and low range fields during touch play.
  • the performance is to play the pre-made music through the operation of the touch device, and simulate the real music 'playing-pronunciation' of the real instrument.
  • the music or electronic score produced by the above method can be stored in the touch device before playing. Memory or Internet cloud storage server.
  • the touch device operates by the player's constant touch sensing, touch screen or keyboard type touch device, so that the sound unit of the music piece is triggered to be played in order.
  • FIG. 3 shows the principle of touch-sensitive touch playback for non-continuously pronounced instruments.
  • Figure 4 shows the principle of swipe-type touch playback for continuous-sounding instruments, using common touch-screen tablets as examples. Description. These are only examples. In fact, the touch and swipe and the pressing of the touch screen with different strengths can be controlled by the rules to correspond to the touch play of the continuous pronunciation type and the non-continuous pronunciation type instrument.
  • each time the touch play is triggered one or several pre-recorded pronunciation unit sound effects are played according to the music sequence, or a set of pronunciation unit sounds bound by a single word or word playing the lyrics is selected.
  • the player controls the playback speed of the song by freely controlling the interval between the two triggers before and after the control, to obtain a comfortable performance freedom, and to experience the feeling of real performance.
  • the two-trigger gap may be preset in the player to determine whether the pronunciation rule of the instrument is a constant constant pronunciation or a gradually decaying pronunciation. In the program, it can be set that after the next trigger, the last triggered pronunciation is stopped immediately, or gradually decayed and stopped. This connection processing makes the music show smooth performance at different touch playback frequencies.
  • a plurality of virtual regions can be arbitrarily divided on the touch panel screen.
  • Note 7 is an example of a virtual split screen, so that the player can play the same or different analog instruments with both hands.
  • the touch operation respectively corresponds to different parameters including the touch, the swipe, the pressing force, the continuous pressing length, and the touch position of the touch screen.
  • the pronunciation of the rules 1J, such as different touch or swipe pressure can stimulate different volume, all of these rules can be preset in the program.
  • the touch screen computer is only one of the touch playback devices, and can also be selected to include a touch screen smart phone, a computer with a keyboard, a computer with a mouse, a keyed earphone, a pen-like or stick-shaped broadcaster, a button remote control, an inductive receiver. , Pressure-sensing receivers, pickups with touch-contact or touch screens (microphones), other devices that meet the requirements for touch playback.
  • a non-contact inductive receiver can also be used instead of the touch portion of the touch screen.
  • touch devices or sensing devices with a display you can selectively display touch information or prompt information including lyrics, scores, touch positions, instrument simulations, special symbols on the display.
  • the present invention solves the problem that an ordinary person who has not been professionally trained cannot smoothly perform a music, and provides a function of actively controlling the rhythm of the music on an analog musical instrument, so as to greatly simulate the effect of playing a musical piece using a real instrument.
  • the practical analog musical instrument product of the present invention does not play random pronunciation as a real musical instrument, but is a new type of analog electroacoustic musical instrument that pre-stores a musical piece or produces an electronic musical score, and then simulates playing by controlling the playing of the rhythm.
  • the dividing line in FIG. 1 indicates that a song can be a pronunciation unit for each note, or each word of the lyrics is a pronunciation unit, and the recording storage is separately digitized in sequential order.
  • the legato or sustain can also be classified into a pronunciation unit.
  • the arrows in FIG. 2 indicate that the recording needs to be performed according to the playing performance of different instruments, and the notes can be completely recorded in the pronunciation unit, and the consonants or sustains can be split into different pronunciation units.
  • FIG. 3 illustrates a method of playing a non-continuous pronunciation type musical instrument using a touch screen device.
  • 4 illustrates a method of playing a continuous sounding type musical instrument with a touch screen device.
  • FIG. 5 illustrates a method of dividing two or more regions (split screen) on a touch screen device so that both instruments can be simulated with both hands.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a touch play performance flow.
  • the music composition and the touch play method of the present invention can be used to simulate the performance of a music composition by simulating a single instrument, and can also be used to simulate a band performance of a plurality of musical instrument combinations.
  • the method is as follows: According to the music scores of different instruments corresponding to the music, the above-mentioned methods are used to separately make and uniformly digitize the performances of different instruments, and in the later stage, the performer can perform the method according to the method of FIG. 3 or FIG. In the fast and slow frequency range (such as 0.1 seconds to 5 seconds), the unified control plays the entire band's performance.
  • Another method of simulating the performance of the band is that several players each use the practical simulation performance device of the present invention for networking, and can set a player's performance rhythm as a reference for unified coordinated network performance. In a certain speed range (such as 1.5 seconds), the rhythm difference can be allowed to occur. If the speed range is exceeded, the performance devices that are faster or slower than the reference rhythm will be retracted or leap forward to achieve coordination. Effect.
  • a certain speed range such as 1.5 seconds
  • the present invention is applicable to improvements in karaoke equipment and singing styles.
  • the passive passive recording of the recording mode is to actively control the recording playing tempo to suit the singer's singing speed.
  • the specific method is as follows: The music of the karaoke is bound and produced in advance according to the foregoing method. In the later stage, after the singer sings with karaoke, the pickup (microphone) with a touch-off or touch screen is used to control the playing tempo of the music, and the analog device or band can be operated by the touch device as described above. Accompaniment.
  • the voice control technology can be used to partially or completely replace the touch.
  • the specific method is: Use Apple Siri (Apple Smart) The function of the voice assistant), the singer sings according to the lyrics, the voice assistant recognizes the rhythm of the singer or the lyrics, and uses the lyrics to bind the music vocal unit and the pronunciation order to find the corresponding vocal unit and play it. Learn the singer's singing rhythm to automatically adjust the pronunciation of the pronunciation unit.
  • the present invention is applicable to the improvement of a keyboard musical instrument including a piano, an electronic organ, an organ or an accordion into a semi-automatic playing form.
  • the specific method is as follows: using the foregoing method to make and store the music, changing the piano to all the keys and pressing will not actively sound, only play the role of circuit touch or pressure sensor, and then follow the aforementioned playing method.
  • the keys, circuits and computer processor have functions including 'button-sounding', 'no button-no sound', 'long button-long sound' and 'heavy key-increasing sound volume', so-called semi-automatic It means that regardless of whether the wrong key is pressed or not, it does not affect the instrument to pronounce the correct pronunciation according to the stored score.
  • the keys in all positions have the same touch-off function.
  • the pronunciation of the length and the sustain effect are controlled according to the aforementioned pre-processing method or computer-based processing method, and the length of the button is controlled by the length of the button according to a preset rule.
  • a reminder light can be placed near the keys, and the calculation of the music by the computer, the prompt light is lit next to the key that should be played in the correct playing sequence, and the player is Tip, when you need multiple fingers and strings to play, you can use multiple indicators to illuminate, but the tips of these indicators are for reference only, and the wrong button can still make the correct sound.
  • the smart file can be intelligently bound.
  • the music piece is made into a pronunciation unit for each note and chord in the music score, or the note contained in each word or word of the lyrics is a pronunciation unit, and digitized in order. Record the pronunciation effect. And the part of the recorded sound unit that is available for the sound effect is pronounced.
  • the seamless copying of the length of the sound is extended or cut off, for example, the sound of the sound of a certain pronunciation unit is 1 second, and the intelligent processing can be expressed as 0.1. Any number of different pronunciations between seconds and 10 seconds. Such extension or cutoff It can also be placed in the touch play as the case may be, and the computer simulation is performed by the computer.
  • the processed pronunciation unit needs to be digitally bound and stored with the pronunciation unit sound effect, the pronunciation order, the lyrics, the position in the score, the pronunciation length of the original music set, the type of the musical instrument, and the like, to complete the production of the music. .
  • FIG. 3 shows the principle of touch playback for a non-continuous pronunciation type musical instrument, which is sampled by a common touch screen tablet computer.
  • Pre-made songs or special electronic scores are stored on computer memory or on a cloud storage server.
  • touch play the player touches the tablet's touch screen 2 with his finger 1 (or stylus) at a frequency that he likes.
  • the mark 3 indicates a touch, and each time the touch operates the tablet to play the preview in advance.
  • a sounding unit recorded in a pronunciation unit or an electronic score, and the continuous sounding produces a sounding effect of the non-continuous pronunciation type musical instrument as indicated by the mark 4.
  • the interval between the two touches before and after the player is used as the length of the playback unit, and the sound effect within the length of the playback can be constant or attenuated.
  • the player immediately raises his finger after tapping the screen, or the finger is attached to the screen after the touch, and the different pronunciation effects can be set by the program.
  • the lyrics or music scores can be displayed on the touch screen, and the player can sing the corresponding lyrics by tapping the lyrics or the scores.
  • FIG. 4 shows the principle of touch playback for a continuous-sounding musical instrument, using a common touch screen tablet computer as a sample.
  • Pre-recorded songs or specially crafted electronic scores are stored on computer memory or on a cloud storage server.
  • the player uses the finger 1 (or stylus) to swipe back and forth on the tablet touch screen 2 at the frequency that he likes.
  • the mark 5 indicates the swipe, and the tablet press is operated every time the one-way swipe
  • the pre-recorded one or several pronunciation units are sequentially played, and after continuous stroke, the playback effect of the continuous sound type musical instrument as indicated by the mark 6 is generated. Control the pronunciation length of the pronunciation unit by one-way stroke length, and switch to the next pronunciation unit by changing the stroke direction.
  • the pronunciation effect within the length of the sound can be constant or attenuated. Changed by different touch pressures. The player can change the direction immediately after completing a stroke on the screen, or the finger can be attached to the screen after completing a stroke, or move away from the screen, or move in a non-linear direction. Set different pronunciation effects.
  • the touch device emits a signal to illuminate the sound of the playback aid, such as the sound of the drum and the cymbal.
  • the invention can be used in mobile phones and tablets with touch functions, analog electronic musical instruments, karaoke equipment, electronic musical instruments and the like, so that ordinary people can perform various types of musical instruments in a near-professional simulation without professional learning.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
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Abstract

一种对模拟电声乐器音乐节奏的控制方法，涉及电声乐器和音乐节奏控制领域。包括了乐曲的录制和数字化绑定制作方法，利用电脑生成特制电子乐谱的方法，以及对制成的乐曲或乐谱进行控制节奏演奏播放的方法，这些方法需要编写对应的电脑程序软件来分别实现。使用者无需经过乐器专门培训，即可以自由舒畅的在触摸屏电脑上演奏制成的乐曲。该控制方法用于对卡拉OK或钢琴类设备进行改进。

Description

说明书
发明名称：一种电声乐器节奏可控的方法及其对卡拉 OK的改进 A rhythm controlled method of electronic musical instrument and its improvement of Karaoke 技术领域
[0001] 本发明涉及一种电声乐器， 特别是涉及电声乐器音乐节奏的控制， 以及对卡拉 OK设备和钢琴类设备的改进。
背景技术
[0002] 很多人喜欢音乐， 但是却只会唱， 不会演奏任何一门乐器， 更加无法使用乐器 来伴唱。 其实， 每个人都有一个演奏乐器的梦想， 而这个梦想， 不应该成为人 生的遗憾。
[0003] 单独的乐器演奏， 需要演奏者经过长期专门的训练， 以及使用专业的乐器； 乐 队的演奏， 更需要多人按照乐谱协调流畅的配合， 才能演奏出一首乐曲。 如果 任何未经乐器专门培训的普通人， 在不使用专业乐器的情形下， 随吋随地都能 够方便的操作模拟乐器来满足自己的演奏欲望， 将会帮助很多人实现自己的音 乐梦想。
技术问题
[0004] 到目前为止一些关于智能模拟乐器的专利文献都是围绕如何拟真真实乐器， 比 如中国实用新型专利公告号 CN 201662986的 《电子拨弦乐器及其拨弦装置》 ， 提供了一种简化琴弦的方法； 中国发明申请公布号 CN 102047319的 《一种数字 乐器》 ， 提供了一种无弦数字吉他。 这些专利办法的弱点在于： 他们都尽量模 拟了真实乐器 '弹奏 -发音 '的功能， 但是也如同真实乐器一样， 演奏者没有经过 专门训练就只能弹奏出'发音'， 而无法顺利的弹奏出整首乐曲。
[0005] 再比如中国发明申请公布号 CN 104505073的 《一种电子吉他》 ， 第 4页 [0025] 提出"显示屏 13上用于显示出指示用户按压相应的触摸按键 12的指示块"， 比上 述方法有了进步， 提供了辅助指示效果， 但也只是引导用户被动跟随预先录制 的歌曲的节奏。 这就失去了乐器弹奏的灵魂- '弹奏自由度'。 弹奏者不能自主控 制乐器弹奏的节奏， 这与真实乐器演奏感的差距太大。
[0006] 同样， 目前所有的卡拉 OK设备， 都是歌唱者跟随事先录制好的整部伴唱音乐 来唱歌， 因此其歌唱节奏是被动跟随录音的。 但是每个人唱歌的快慢节奏其实 是有差别的， 只有以自己最舒适的节奏来唱歌， 才能体验到最大的演唱乐趣和 获得成就感， 而这一点恰恰是目前卡拉 OK设备所无法提供的。
[0007] 市场上有一种按照预先输入的琴谱或录制的弹奏顺序自动弹奏的钢琴， 与普通 钢琴有相似的发声和琴键下落的动作， 但是这种弹奏无法人工操作。 如果能有 一种类似于普通钢琴那样可以由人工按键的钢琴， 但无论按哪个键， 都不影响 此钢琴按预定的电子琴谱发声， 而是人工仅能控制'按键-发声'、 '不按键-不发声 '和'长按键-长发声'的功能， 那么所有人都可以在此钢琴上'熟练表演'钢琴演奏 了。
问题的解决方案
技术解决方案
[0008] 本发明的技术方案包括对乐曲的录制和数字化绑定制作方法， 利用电脑生成电 子乐谱的方法， 以及对制成的乐曲或乐谱进行演奏播放的方法， 这些方法需要 编写对应的电脑程序软件来分别实现。 本发明的这些方法也可以用于对卡拉 OK 和钢琴进行改进。
[0009] 本发明制作乐曲的方法分为三种： 录制真实乐器演奏音效并进行数字化绑定加 工； 通过电脑处理生成适用的电子乐曲音效； 以及通过电脑处理生成可直接使 用的电子乐谱。 大部分乐器按演奏及发音效果可分为两类：连续发音型乐器， 和 非连续发音型乐器。 连续发音型乐器指乐器的发音可以是连续不间断的， 比如 手风琴， 笛子， 小提琴， 马头琴， 二胡等。 非连续发音型乐器指乐器的发音是 非连续， 间断的， 比如钢琴， 吉他， 古筝， 竖琴等。 此种分类方式是为了在演 奏播放吋， 可选用不同的触控方法。
[0010] 第一种乐曲制作方法， 录制真实乐器演奏需要首先对乐曲进行发音单位的划分 ， 如图 1和图 2所示， 录制吋以乐谱中的每个音符或和弦为发音单位， 或者以歌 词的每个单字或词所对应的音符为发音单位， 按先后顺序分别录制乐器的演奏 音效， 并对所录制的发音单位 （即划分单位） 音效进行发音吋长的智能化处理 ， 目的是为了适应演奏者演奏音乐吋由于触控频率的不同而表现出不同的延音 效果。 连续发音型乐器和非连续发音型乐器都是按乐谱中每个音符演奏的， 因 此录制方式相同。
[0011] 比如录制吋某个发音单位音效的发音吋长为 1秒， 经智能化处理可以表现为 0.1 秒到 10秒之间的任意几个不同发音吋长， 具体方法为利用录制音效内可用的部 分， 进行无缝复制延长或截断缩短， 并按需求制作衰减效果。 在吋长内的发音 效果可以为恒定， 或衰减， 或由恒定到衰减等， 以适应不同的演奏需要， 并根 据乐器种类设定最大持续发音吋长， 以此来模拟真实乐器的自由演奏效果。 前 后两个发音单位音效之间的切换可以按需求设定为直接截断式， 或渐变衰减式 等方式。
[0012] 对每首乐曲录制后的全部发音单位音效， 通过电脑将各发音单位音效按乐曲的 顺序进行排序。 对于含有歌词的歌曲， 可以将一个或几个发音单位音效与歌曲 的歌词按顺序分别进行绑定处理， 绑定是指这些类别的个体要做到一一对应锁 定。 有电子乐谱的可以绑定在乐谱中的位置。 最终做到： 对包含发音单位及音 效、 发音顺序、 歌词、 乐谱中的位置、 原乐曲设定的发音吋长、 乐器种类这些 类别进行全体相互对应的数字化绑定和存储， 或尽可能多的绑定这些类别， 至 少发音单位音效和发音顺序需要被绑定。 这样就完成了真实乐器演奏乐曲的录 制和加工制作。
[0013] 对乐曲的第二种制作方法还可以是通过电脑处理生成适用的电子乐曲音效。 方 法是， 向电脑输入普通乐谱或普通电子乐谱来自动生成各种乐器的演奏音效， 然后与上边描述的一样， 对演奏的音效也要根据乐谱按发音单位来划分， 并按 程序设定生成每个发音单位不同吋长的延音效果， 最终做到： 对包含发音单位 及音效、 发音顺序、 歌词、 乐谱中的位置、 原乐曲设定的发音吋长、 发音乐器 种类这些类别进行全体相互对应的数字化绑定和存储， 或尽可能多的绑定这些 类别。 这样就完成了电脑模拟发音乐曲的生成和加工制作。
[0014] 对乐曲的第三种制作方法是， 用电脑制作可以后期直接使用的电子乐谱。 这个 方法不用预先录制或生成乐曲音效， 制作过程是直接把包含普通乐谱音符、 发 音吋长、 发音顺序、 歌词 （非必需） 的数据进行一一对应绑定输入电脑并生成 已划分发音单位的特制电子乐谱， 后期在演奏吋可由电脑即吋根据此电子乐谱 、 所选乐器种类和演奏者的触控信号给出相应的电脑合成发音或调用预存的音 符库发音， 同吋由电脑实吋计算出发音单位任意吋长的延音效果。 电脑合成的 发音可以在触控播放演奏吋选择不同的高低音域。
[0015] 接下来说明对制成的乐曲或电子乐谱进行可控节奏的演奏播放方法。 演奏是通 过对触控设备的操作， 来播放预先制成的乐曲， 模拟真实乐器 '演奏 -发音 '的功 育^ 按前述方法制作完成的乐曲或电子乐谱在演奏前可以存储在触控设备的存 储器或互联网云存储服务器上。 根据预设的触控程序， 触控设备操作方式是由 演奏者不断的触控感应幵关、 触控屏或键盘类触控设备， 使乐曲的发音单位按 次序被触发播放。 对于歌词已绑定的乐曲， 也可以选择触击触摸屏上显示的歌 词或符号来触发播放相应歌词或符号所绑定的发音单位， 或是每次触击屏幕代 表一个依照乐曲顺序的歌词或符号所绑定的发音单位。 一个典型的触控播放演 奏流程见图 6。
[0016] 对模拟连续发音型乐器和非连续发音型乐器， 可以采用划动和触击等不同的触 控方式。 图 3所展示的是对非连续发音型乐器的触击式触控播放原理， 图 4所展 示的是对连续发音型乐器的划动式触控播放原理， 都采用常见的触摸屏平板电 脑来举例说明。 这些仅为举例， 实际上触击和划动以及用不同力度按压触摸屏 ， 都可通过规则设定来对应连续发音型乐器和非连续发音型乐器的触控播放。
[0017] 触控播放每触发一次， 依照乐曲顺序播放一个或几个预先录制的发音单位音效 ， 或是选择播放歌词的一个单字或词所绑定的一组发音单位音效。 演奏者通过 自由控制前后两次触发的吋间间隔， 来控制乐曲的播放速度， 以获得舒适的演 奏自由度， 并能体验真实演奏的感觉。
[0018] 两次触发的间隙， 或者一次划动的进程， 可以在播放程序中预先设定该类乐器 的发音规则是进行持续恒定的发音， 或是逐步衰减的发音。 程序中可以设定在 下次触发后， 上次触发的发音是立即停止， 或是逐渐衰减并停止， 这样的衔接 处理使得乐曲在不同的触控播放频率下都可以表现出被流畅演奏的效果。
[0019] 按照图 5所展示的， 在板式触摸屏上可以任意划分多个虚拟区域 （分屏） ， 标 记 7为虚拟分屏线示例， 这样演奏者可以用双手同吋演奏相同或者不同的模拟乐 器。
[0020] 随着触控屏科技的发展， 触控操作通过对包括触控屏的触击、 划动、 按压力度 大小、 持续按压吋长、 触碰的位置这些参数的设置， 来分别对应不同的发音规 贝 1J， 比如不同的触击或划动压力可以激发不同的音量， 所有这些规则都可以预 先设定在程序里。
[0021] 触摸屏电脑只是触控播放设备中的一种， 还可以选用包括触摸屏智能手机， 电 脑配合键盘， 电脑配合鼠标， 键控耳机， 笔状或棒状播音器， 按键遥控器， 感 应式接收器， 压力感应接收器， 带触点幵关或触摸屏的拾音器 （话筒） 在内的 其它能满足触控播放要求的设备。 对触摸屏来说， 也可以用非接触感应式接收 器来替代触摸屏的触控部分。 对有显示屏的触控设备或感应设备， 可以在显示 屏上选择性显示包括歌词、 乐谱、 触控位置、 乐器模拟图、 特殊符号在内的触 击信息或提示信息。
发明的有益效果
有益效果
[0022] 本发明解决了未经专业培训的普通人无法顺利演奏乐曲的难题， 提供了在模拟 乐器上主动控制乐曲演奏节奏的功能， 以便很大程度的仿真使用真实乐器演奏 乐曲的效果。 但本发明的实用型模拟乐器产品并不是如同真实乐器那样可以随 意弹奏随意发音， 而是一种预先存储乐曲或制作电子乐谱， 然后通过控制节奏 的播放来模拟演奏的新型模拟电声乐器。
对附图的简要说明
附图说明
[0023] 图 1中用分割线表示一首歌曲可以以每个音符为发音单位， 或者以歌词的每个 单字为发音单位， 按先后顺序分别数字化录制存储。 连音或延音也可以归入一 个发音单位。
[0024] 图 2的箭头表示根据不同乐器的播放演奏需要， 也可完全以音符为发音单位进 行录制， 遇到连音或延音可以拆分为不同的发音单位。
[0025] 图 3举例说明用触摸屏设备模拟非连续发音型乐器的演奏方法。 [0026] 图 4举例说明用触摸屏设备模拟连续发音型乐器的演奏方法。
[0027] 图 5举例说明在触摸屏设备上划分两个以上的区域 （分屏） 以便可以用双手模 拟两种乐器的演奏方法。
[0028] 图 6是一种触控播放演奏流程的示意图。
[0029] 附图标记：
[0030] 1-手指； 2-平板类智能触摸屏； 3-手指或触控笔上下触击触摸屏； 4-非连续发 音型乐器的播放音效示意； 5-手指或触控笔在触摸屏上划动； 6-连续发音型乐器 的播放音效示意； 7-虚拟分屏线示例。
实施该发明的最佳实施例
本发明的最佳实施方式
[0031] 本发明的制作乐曲及触控播放方法除了可以模拟单独乐器进行乐曲的演奏播放 ， 也可用于模拟多种乐器组合的乐队演奏。 方法为： 按照乐曲所对应的不同乐 器的乐谱， 利用前述方法对不同乐器的演奏分别进行制作和统一的数字化绑定 ， 后期演奏吋， 演奏者可以按图 3或图 4的方法， 在一定的快慢频率范围内 （比 如 0.1秒到 5秒内） 统一操控播放整个乐队的演奏。
[0032] 模拟乐队演奏的另一个方法是， 几名演奏者各自使用本发明的实用化模拟演奏 设备进行组网， 可以设定一名演奏者的演奏节奏为基准， 统一协调的联网演奏 。 在一定快慢频率范围内 （比如 1.5秒内） 可以允许出现节奏差别， 超出设定的 快慢频率范围， 则把快于或慢于基准节奏的那些演奏设备进行发音位置回撤或 跃进， 以达到协调的效果。
[0033] 在另一个实施例中， 本发明可应用于对卡拉 OK设备和演唱方式的改进， 变传 统的被动跟随录音演唱方式为主动控制录音播放节奏以适应歌者的演唱速度。 具体方法为： 预先对卡拉 OK的乐曲按前述方法进行绑定制作。 后期在演唱者利 用卡拉 OK进行演唱吋， 使用带触点幵关或触摸屏的拾音器 （话筒） 来控制乐曲 的播放节奏， 同吋也可按前述方法， 利用触控设备来操作模拟乐器或乐队进行 伴唱。
[0034] 作为本发明利用卡拉 OK或触控电声乐器进行伴唱的一种改进， 可以用语音控 制技术来部分或全部替代触控。 具体方法为： 利用类似苹果电脑 Siri (苹果智能 语音助手） 的功能， 在演唱者按照歌词唱歌吋， 语音助手识别所唱歌词或歌词 的韵律， 利用歌词绑定乐曲发音单位和发音顺序的设计来找出对应的发音单位 并播放， 还可以通过学习演唱者的唱歌节奏来自动调节发音单位的发音吋长。
[0035] 在另一个实施例中， 本发明可应用于将包括钢琴、 电子琴、 风琴或手风琴在内 的按键琴类乐器改进为半自动弹奏形式。 具体方法为： 利用前述方法对琴曲进 行制作和存储， 把这些琴改变为所有琴键按下都不会主动发声， 只起到电路触 控幵关或压力感应器的作用， 然后按照前述的演奏方法， 使琴键、 电路和电脑 处理器具备包括'按键-发声'、 '不按键 -不发声'、 '长按键-长发声'和'重按键 -增大 发声音量'在内的功能， 所谓半自动是指无论是否按错琴键， 都不影响乐器按存 储的乐谱发出正确的发音， 所有位置的琴键都具有相同的触控幵关功能。 发音 吋长和延音效果按照前述的预先处理方法或电脑实吋处理方法， 根据预设的规 则由按键吋长来控制发音吋长。
[0036] 作为对这些琴类乐器进一步的改进， 可以在琴键附近设置提示灯， 通过电脑对 琴曲的计算， 在正确弹奏顺序应该弹下的那个键旁边点亮提示灯， 对弹奏者进 行提示， 当需要多个手指和弦演奏吋可以多个指示灯同吋亮， 但这些指示灯的 提示仅做参考， 弹错键吋依然能发出正确的声音。
[0037] 为保护音乐的知识产权及通过实施本发明所制作的乐曲文件或电子乐谱的知识 产权， 在将乐曲文件或乐谱经授权后下载、 复制或安装至使用设备吋， 可以智 能绑定该设备的 IMEI(国际移动设备标识)码或其它专有特征码， 以防止任意复制
本发明的实施方式
[0038] 下面， 结合附图以及具体实施方式， 对本发明做进一步描述。
[0039] 如图 1和图 2所示， 制作乐曲吋以乐谱中的每个音符和和弦为发音单位， 或者以 歌词的每个单字或词所含有的音符为发音单位， 按先后顺序分别数字化录制发 音效果。 并对所录制的发音单位中音效可用的部分进行发音吋长的无缝复制延 长或截断缩短处理， 比如录制吋某个发音单位音效的发音吋长为 1秒， 经智能化 处理可以表现为 0.1秒到 10秒之间的任意几个不同发音吋长。 此种延长或截断处 理也可视情况放在触控播放吋由电脑临吋做出计算模拟。
[0040] 处理后的发音单位需要与发音单位音效、 发音顺序、 歌词、 乐谱中的位置、 原 乐曲设定的发音吋长、 发音乐器种类等类别进行数字化绑定和存储， 完成乐曲 的制作。
[0041] 图 3所展示的是对非连续发音型乐器的触控播放原理， 采用常见的触摸屏平板 电脑做样本。 预先制作的乐曲或特制电子乐谱存储在电脑存储器或云存储服务 器上。 在触控播放吋， 由演奏者用手指 1 (或触控笔） 以自己喜欢的频率触击平 板电脑的触摸屏 2， 标记 3表示触击， 每次触击会操作平板电脑按顺序播放出预 先录制的一个发音单位或电子乐谱中的一个发音单位， 连续触击后就产生如标 记 4所示的非连续发音型乐器的发音效果。 演奏者前后两次触击之间的吋间间隔 用来作为发音单位的播放吋长， 播放吋长内的音效可以是恒定的， 也可以是衰 减的。 演奏者触击屏幕后立即抬起手指， 或是触击后手指附着在屏幕上， 可以 通过程序设定不同的发音效果。
[0042] 作为对上述触控播放方法的一种改进， 在发音单位已经与歌词绑定的情况下， 可以在触摸屏上显示歌词或乐谱， 演奏者触击歌词或乐谱就可激发播放相应歌 词所绑定的一个或一组发音单位音效。
[0043] 图 4所展示的是对连续发音型乐器的触控播放原理， 采用常见的触摸屏平板电 脑做样本。 预先录制的乐曲或特制电子乐谱存储在电脑存储器或云存储服务器 上。 在触控播放吋， 由演奏者用手指 1 (或触控笔） 以自己喜欢的频率在平板电 脑触摸屏 2上来回划动， 标记 5表示划动， 每次单向划动会操作平板电脑按顺序 播放出预先录制的一个或几个的发音单位， 连续划动后就产生如标记 6所示的连 续发音型乐器的播放效果。 通过单向划动的吋长来控制发音单位的发音吋长， 通过改变划动方向来切换到下一个发音单位， 发音吋长内的发音效果可以是恒 定的， 也可以是衰减的， 还可以通过不同的触摸压力而发生改变。 演奏者在屏 幕上完成一次划动后立即换向划动， 或是完成一次划动后手指附着在屏幕上不 动， 或是离幵屏幕， 或是以非直线方向划动， 都可以通过程序设定不同的发音 效果。
[0044] 在实际演奏吋， 除了上述触击、 划动、 压感的方法外， 还可以通过摇动 （振动 ) 触控设备来发出信号激发播放辅助类的声音， 比如鼓和镲的声音。
工业实用性
本发明可以被用于带触摸功能的手机和平板电脑、 模拟形电子乐器、 卡拉 OK 设备、 电子乐器等装置中， 使普通人无需专业学习， 就可以近乎专业的模拟演 奏各类乐器。

Claims

权利要求书
[权利要求 1] 一种乐曲演奏方法， 包括对节奏的控制方法， 其特征是乐曲或乐谱的 加工制作， 和利用触控设备或感应设备来控制节奏进行乐曲的播放。 根据权利要求 1所述的乐曲演奏方法， 其特征是， 所演奏播放的乐曲 是通过录制和数字化加工制作的， 数字化加工包括对乐曲的发音单位 及音效、 发音顺序、 歌词、 乐谱中的位置、 原乐曲设定的发音吋长、 乐器种类这些类别中的至少两个类别进行相互对应的数字化绑定和存 储， 或对全体类别进行相互对应的数字化绑定和存储。
根据权利要求 1所述的乐曲演奏方法， 其特征是， 所演奏的乐曲是通 过向电脑输入普通乐谱来自动生成各种乐器的演奏音效后进行数字化 加工来制作的， 数字化加工包括对乐曲的发音单位及音效、 发音顺序 、 歌词、 乐谱中的位置、 原乐曲设定的发音吋长、 乐器种类这些类别 中的至少两个类别进行相互对应的数字化绑定和存储， 或对全体类别 进行相互对应的数字化绑定和存储。
根据权利要求 1所述的乐曲演奏方法， 其特征是， 所演奏的乐曲可以 是通过电脑读取特制电子乐谱来播放， 特制电子乐谱是指按照发音单 位的划分把包含普通乐谱音符、 发音顺序、 发音吋长 （非必需） 、 歌 词 （非必需） 的数据进行一一对应绑定而制成的电子乐谱。
根据权利要求 1所述的乐曲演奏方法， 其特征是， 演奏是通过对触控 设备或感应设备的操作， 来播放预先制成的乐曲或特制电子乐谱， 触 控操作通过对包括触控屏的触击、 划动、 按压力度大小、 持续按压吋 长、 触碰的位置这些参数的设置， 来分别对应不同的发音规则； 使用 者通过控制前后两次触控或感应的吋间间隔， 来控制乐曲的播放节奏 和发音吋长。
根据权利要求 1所述的乐曲演奏方法， 其特征是， 通过触击触摸屏上 显示的歌词或符号来触发播放相应歌词或符号所对应绑定的一个或一 组发音单位； 或通过电脑的语音控制技术来控制播放相应的发音单位 [权利要求 7] 根据权利要求 1所述的乐曲演奏方法， 其特征是， 对所制作乐曲的发 音单位的发音吋长进行智能化处理， 按需求制作从 0.1秒到 10秒之间 的任意几个不同发音吋长的延音效果， 并按需求制作衰减效果； 或者 在演奏吋由电脑处理器实吋计算出发音单位任意吋长的延音效果和衰 减效果。
[权利要求 8] 根据权利要求 1至 7中任一权利要求所述的乐曲制作方法或演奏方法， 其特征是， 所述方法用于对卡拉 OK设备和演唱方式的改进， 包括乐 曲的制作， 控制节奏的方法， 触控播放的方法， 触控播放的设备， 触 控伴奏的方法。
[权利要求 9] 根据权利要求 1至 7中任一权利要求所述的乐曲制作方法或演奏方法， 其特征是， 所述方法用于对钢琴、 电子琴、 风琴、 手风琴中任一产品 进行改进， 包括琴曲的制作， 琴键功能的改进， 控制节奏的方法， 弹 奏播放的方法， 发音吋长的设计， 和提示灯的设计。
[权利要求 10] 根据权利要求 1至 7中任一权利要求所述的乐曲制作方法或演奏方法， 其特征是， 按所述方法制作的， 或用于所述播放演奏方法的数字化乐 曲文件， 特制电子乐谱， 卡拉 OK乐曲文件， 按键琴类的琴曲文件； 用于制作这些乐曲文件或乐谱的电脑程序； 用于演奏播放这些乐曲文 件或乐谱的电脑程序。
PCT/CN2017/071460 2016-01-19 2017-01-17 一种电声乐器节奏可控的方法及其对卡拉ok的改进 WO2017125006A1 (zh)

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