WO2017119079A1 - Brake device for elevator hoist - Google Patents

Brake device for elevator hoist Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017119079A1
WO2017119079A1 PCT/JP2016/050243 JP2016050243W WO2017119079A1 WO 2017119079 A1 WO2017119079 A1 WO 2017119079A1 JP 2016050243 W JP2016050243 W JP 2016050243W WO 2017119079 A1 WO2017119079 A1 WO 2017119079A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
brake
car
braking
weight
unit
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PCT/JP2016/050243
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French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
佳典 谷
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三菱電機株式会社
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Priority to PCT/JP2016/050243 priority Critical patent/WO2017119079A1/en
Publication of WO2017119079A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017119079A1/en

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
    • B66B11/00—Main component parts of lifts in, or associated with, buildings or other structures
    • B66B11/04—Driving gear ; Details thereof, e.g. seals
    • B66B11/08—Driving gear ; Details thereof, e.g. seals with hoisting rope or cable operated by frictional engagement with a winding drum or sheave
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D49/00—Brakes with a braking member co-operating with the periphery of a drum, wheel-rim, or the like
    • F16D49/16—Brakes with two brake-blocks
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D51/00—Brakes with outwardly-movable braking members co-operating with the inner surface of a drum or the like
    • F16D51/16—Brakes with outwardly-movable braking members co-operating with the inner surface of a drum or the like shaped as brake-shoes pivoted on a fixed or nearly-fixed axis
    • F16D51/18—Brakes with outwardly-movable braking members co-operating with the inner surface of a drum or the like shaped as brake-shoes pivoted on a fixed or nearly-fixed axis with two brake-shoes
    • F16D51/26—Brakes with outwardly-movable braking members co-operating with the inner surface of a drum or the like shaped as brake-shoes pivoted on a fixed or nearly-fixed axis with two brake-shoes both extending in the same direction from their pivots
    • F16D51/28—Brakes with outwardly-movable braking members co-operating with the inner surface of a drum or the like shaped as brake-shoes pivoted on a fixed or nearly-fixed axis with two brake-shoes both extending in the same direction from their pivots mechanically actuated

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a brake device for an elevator hoisting machine that brakes rotation of a brake drum by pressing a brake shoe against a braking surface of the brake drum.
  • emergency braking by the hoisting machine brake device is performed when a power failure occurs while the car is running and when the car reaches an abnormal speed.
  • the brake torque at this time is a specification that matches the maximum unbalance torque applied to the hoisting machine, that is, the torque applied when the difference between the weight on the car side and the weight on the counterweight side is maximum. ing. For this reason, when the weight on the car side and the weight on the counterweight side are the same, the deceleration of the car at the time of emergency braking increases, and the ride comfort is impaired.
  • the pressing position of the brake pad against the brake disk is variable in the radial direction of the brake disk.
  • the braking torque during braking is relaxed (see, for example, Patent Document 1).
  • the configuration of the brake device of the conventional elevator hoisting machine as described above cannot be applied to a brake device using a brake drum. Further, since the disc brake or the brake pad needs to be moved in parallel to the braking surface of the brake disc, the configuration becomes complicated.
  • the present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and is an elevator hoisting machine that can appropriately adjust the brake torque during emergency braking with a simple configuration even when using a brake drum.
  • the purpose is to obtain a brake device.
  • a brake device for an elevator hoisting machine includes a brake drum having a cylindrical braking surface, a brake shoe, a braking spring that presses the braking shoe against the braking surface, and a brake shoe against the braking spring.
  • the brake unit has an electromagnetic magnet that is separated from the braking surface, and a control device that controls the brake unit.
  • the brake unit is configured to change the angle at which the braking spring presses the brake shoe against the braking surface during braking.
  • the controller is rotatable with respect to the drum, and the control device adjusts the rotation angle of the brake unit according to the information related to the weight loaded in the car and the information related to the running direction of the car while the car is running.
  • the brake unit is rotatable with respect to the brake drum, and according to the information on the weight loaded in the car and the information on the traveling direction of the car during the traveling of the car. Since the rotation angle of the brake unit is adjusted, the brake torque at the time of emergency braking can be appropriately adjusted with a simple configuration even in the type using the brake drum.
  • FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along line III-III in FIG. 2.
  • FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing a state where the brake shoe of FIG. 3 is pulled away from the braking surface. It is sectional drawing which shows the state which rotated the brake unit of FIG. 4 to the horizontal direction. It is sectional drawing which shows the state which carried out the emergency stop of the cage
  • FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing a control system of the position adjusting motor 25 in FIG. 2.
  • FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view taken along line IX-IX in FIG. 8. It is sectional drawing which shows the state from which the brake shoe of FIG. 8 was pulled away from the braking surface. It is sectional drawing which shows the state which rotated the brake unit of FIG. 10 to the horizontal direction. It is sectional drawing which shows the state which carried out the emergency stop of the cage
  • FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an elevator according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • a machine room 2 is provided in the upper part of the hoistway 1.
  • an elevator hoist 3, a deflector 4, and a control device 5 are installed in the machine room 2.
  • the elevator hoisting machine 3 includes a drive sheave 6, a hoisting machine motor (not shown) that rotates the driving sheave 6, and a brake device 21 (FIG. 2) that brakes the rotation of the driving sheave 6.
  • a suspension body 7 is wound around the driving sheave 6 and the deflecting wheel 4. As the suspension body 7, a plurality of ropes or a plurality of belts are used.
  • a car 8 is connected to the first end of the suspension body 7.
  • a counterweight 9 is connected to the second end of the suspension body 7.
  • the car 8 and the counterweight 9 are suspended in the hoistway 1 by the suspension body 7 and are moved up and down in the hoistway 1 by rotating the drive sheave 6.
  • the control device 5 raises and lowers the car 8 at a set speed by controlling the rotation of the elevator hoisting machine 3.
  • a pair of car guide rails 10 that guide the raising and lowering of the car 8 and a pair of counterweight guide rails 11 that guide the raising and lowering of the counterweight 9 are installed.
  • a car buffer 12 and a counterweight buffer 13 are installed at the bottom of the hoistway 1.
  • An emergency stop device 14 that holds the car guide rail 10 and makes the car 8 emergency stop is mounted at the lower part of the car 8.
  • the emergency stop device 14 is provided with an operating lever 15 for operating the emergency stop device 14.
  • the machine room 2 is provided with a governor 16 that monitors whether the car 8 is traveling at an excessive speed.
  • the governor 16 includes a governor sheave 17, an overspeed detection switch, a rope catch, and the like.
  • a governor rope 18 is wound around the governor sheave 17.
  • the governor rope 18 is laid circularly in the hoistway 1 and connected to the operating lever 15.
  • the governor rope 18 is wound around a tension wheel 19 disposed at the lower part of the hoistway 1.
  • the governor rope 18 circulates and the governor sheave 17 rotates at a rotational speed corresponding to the traveling speed of the car 8.
  • the governor 16 mechanically detects that the traveling speed of the car 8 has reached an excessive speed. As the excessive speed to be detected, a first excessive speed Vos that is higher than the rated speed Vr and a second excessive speed Vtr that is higher than the first excessive speed are set.
  • the overspeed detection switch When the traveling speed of the car 8 reaches the first overspeed Vos, the overspeed detection switch is operated. Thereby, the electric power feeding to the elevator hoisting machine 3 is interrupted, and the car 8 is stopped urgently.
  • FIG. 2 is a front view showing the brake device 21 of the elevator hoisting machine 3 of FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line III-III of FIG. 2, showing a state during normal braking.
  • the brake device 21 includes a brake drum 22 that rotates integrally with the drive sheave 6, and a brake unit 23 provided in the brake drum 22. That is, the brake device 21 of the first embodiment is an internal expansion brake.
  • the brake drum 22 has a cylindrical braking surface 22a.
  • the braking surface 22 a is the inner peripheral surface of the brake drum 22.
  • the brake drum 22 is arranged so that the rotation center C thereof is horizontal.
  • the brake unit 23 includes a shaft 24, a position adjusting motor 25, an electromagnetic magnet 26, a pair of braking springs 27, a pair of movable iron cores 28, a pair of brake arms 29, and a pair of brake shoes 30.
  • the shaft 24 is arranged such that its axis is perpendicular to the rotation center C of the brake drum 22 and is vertical. Further, the shaft 24 rotates around the axis.
  • the position adjustment motor 25 is disposed at the lower end of the shaft 24 and rotates the shaft 24 in response to a command from the control device 5.
  • the electromagnetic magnet 26 has a fixed iron core 31 and a pair of brake coils 32 embedded in both side surfaces of the fixed iron core 31.
  • the movable iron core 28 faces both side surfaces of the fixed iron core 31.
  • the braking spring 27 is interposed between the movable iron core 28 and the fixed iron core 31.
  • the brake shoes 30 are connected to the movable iron core 28 via the brake arms 29, respectively.
  • Each brake spring 27 presses the brake shoe 30 against the braking surface 22a.
  • a lining 30a is provided on the surface of the brake shoe 30 that contacts the braking surface 22a.
  • the electromagnetic magnet 26 pulls the brake shoe 30 away from the braking surface 22 a against the braking spring 27.
  • the brake unit 23 is rotatable with respect to the brake drum 22 about the shaft 24 so that the angle at which the brake spring 27 presses the brake shoe 30 against the braking surface 22a changes during braking.
  • the distance that the lining 30a moves to hit the braking surface 22a at the time of braking that is, the relative distance between the braking unit 23 and the braking surface 22a is changed. Torque changes.
  • Each brake shoe 30 is rotatable with respect to the brake arm 29 about a pin 33 parallel to the shaft 24. For this reason, even when the brake unit 23 is tilted during emergency braking, the lining 30a follows the braking surface 22a.
  • FIG. 4 is a sectional view showing a state in which the brake shoe 30 in FIG. 3 is pulled away from the braking surface 22a
  • FIG. 5 is a sectional view showing a state in which the brake unit 23 in FIG. 4 is rotated in the horizontal direction
  • FIG. It is sectional drawing which shows the state which carried out the emergency stop of the cage
  • FIG. 7 is a block diagram showing a control system of the position adjusting motor 25 of FIG.
  • the control device 5 includes an operation control unit 34 that controls the operation of the car 8 and a brake angle control unit 35 that controls the position adjusting motor 25.
  • the scale device 36 generates a signal corresponding to the weight loaded in the car.
  • a signal from the scale device 36 is input to the control device 5.
  • the brake angle control unit 35 obtains information regarding the traveling direction of the car 8 from the operation control unit 34. Further, the brake angle control unit 35 outputs a command signal to the position adjustment motor 25 during the traveling of the car 8 according to the information related to the weight loaded in the car and the information related to the traveling direction of the car 8, and Adjust the rotation angle.
  • the brake angle control unit 35 moves the brake shoe 30 in a cross section along the rotation center C of the brake drum 22.
  • the direction of pressing against the braking surface 22a is perpendicular to the braking surface 22a, and the brake unit 23 is held at a position where the extension of the braking spring 27 during braking is minimized, that is, the initial position.
  • the brake angle control unit 35 determines that the deceleration generated in the car 8 becomes excessive when the emergency braking is performed while the brake unit 23 is held at the initial position with respect to the condition of the weight loaded in the car and the traveling direction. It is determined whether the condition is satisfied.
  • the brake angle control unit 35 is configured so that, for example, the weight on the car 8 side is larger than the weight on the counterweight 9 side, and the car 8 is traveling upward, and the weight on the car 8 side is on the counterweight 9 side.
  • the brake unit 23 is rotated in the horizontal direction from the initial position. Further, the brake angle control unit 35 rotates the brake unit 23 in the horizontal direction from the initial position when the weight on the car 8 side and the weight on the counterweight 9 side are balanced, for example.
  • the brake angle control unit 35 is configured so that, for example, the weight on the car 8 side is larger than the weight on the counterweight 9 side, and the weight on the car 8 side is the counterweight when the car 8 is traveling downward.
  • the brake unit 23 is kept in the initial position when the weight is smaller than the weight on the 9 side.
  • the brake angle control unit 35 determines that the brake unit immediately before the car 8 stops, for example, when the car 8 starts to decelerate and the car speed becomes a set value or less. 23 is returned to the initial position shown in FIG.
  • the inclination angle ⁇ of the brake unit 23 may be changed stepwise or continuously steplessly depending on the unbalance amount between the weight on the car 8 side and the weight on the counterweight 9 side.
  • the angle ⁇ may be fixed to one angle or may be two or more angles.
  • the control device 5 can be configured by a computer, for example. That is, the functions of the operation control unit 34 and the brake angle control unit 35 can be realized by a computer.
  • the brake unit 23 is moved with respect to the brake drum 22 around the shaft 24 so that the angle at which the brake shoe 30 is pressed against the braking surface 22 a by the braking spring 27 changes during braking.
  • the rotation angle of the brake unit 23 is adjusted according to the information related to the loaded weight in the car and the information related to the traveling direction of the car 8.
  • the brake torque during emergency braking can be appropriately adjusted with a simple configuration by simply rotating the brake unit 23. Thereby, it is possible to suppress the deterioration of the ride comfort of the passenger when the car 8 is brought to an emergency stop.
  • the brake unit 23 is rotated from the initial position.
  • the vehicle 8 since the vehicle 8 is inclined with respect to the initial position, it is possible to more reliably suppress the deterioration of the ride comfort of the passenger when the car 8 is brought to an emergency stop.
  • the weight on the side of the car 8 is larger than the weight on the side of the counterweight 9
  • the weight on the side of the car 8 is smaller than the weight on the side of the counterweight 9 when the car 8 is traveling upward
  • the brake unit 23 is rotated from the initial position and tilted with respect to the initial position, thereby reducing the brake torque during emergency braking when the car 8 is easy to stop. can do.
  • the car 8 is relatively stopped by rotating the brake unit 23 from the initial position and inclining the initial position.
  • the brake torque at the time of emergency braking can be reduced under conditions where it is easy to make it occur.
  • the brake unit 23 when the brake unit 23 is rotated from the initial position while the car 8 is traveling and the car 8 normally stops at the stop floor, the brake unit 23 is returned to the initial position before the car 8 stops.
  • the stationary state can be maintained more reliably. That is, while the car 8 is traveling, the weight loaded in the car is fixed, but it is not yet determined how much weight is loaded on the car 8 that is opened on the stop floor.
  • the maximum brake torque can be generated, and the car 8 can be kept stationary even if the car 8 is overloaded. it can.
  • FIG. 8 is a front view showing a brake device 41 of an elevator hoist according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention
  • FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view taken along line IX-IX in FIG.
  • the brake device 41 according to the second embodiment includes a brake drum 42 and a pair of brake units 43 provided outside the brake drum 42. That is, the brake device according to the second embodiment is an external expansion brake.
  • the brake drum 42 has a cylindrical braking surface 42a.
  • the braking surface 42 a is the outer peripheral surface of the brake drum 42.
  • the brake drum 42 is arranged so that the rotation center C thereof is horizontal.
  • Each brake unit 43 has a shaft 44, a position adjusting motor 45, an electromagnetic magnet 46, a braking spring 47, a movable iron core 48, a brake arm 49, and a brake shoe 50. Further, the two brake units 43 have the same configuration and are arranged symmetrically with the brake drum 42 interposed therebetween.
  • the shaft 44 is disposed such that its axis is perpendicular to the rotation center C of the brake drum 42 and is vertical. Further, the shaft 44 rotates around the axis.
  • the position adjustment motor 45 is disposed at the lower end of the shaft 44 and rotates the shaft 44 in response to a command from the control device 5.
  • the electromagnetic magnet 46 has a fixed iron core 51 and a brake coil 52 embedded in a side surface of the fixed iron core 51 on the brake drum 42 side.
  • the movable iron core 48 faces the side surface of the fixed iron core 51.
  • the brake spring 47 is interposed between the movable iron core 48 and the fixed iron core 51.
  • the brake shoe 50 is connected to the movable iron core 48 via the brake arm 49.
  • the braking spring 47 presses the brake shoe 50 against the braking surface 42a.
  • a lining 50a is provided on the surface of the brake shoe 50 that contacts the braking surface 42a.
  • the electromagnetic magnet 46 pulls the brake shoe 50 away from the braking surface 42 a against the braking spring 47.
  • the brake unit 43 is rotatable with respect to the brake drum 42 about the shaft 44 so that the angle at which the brake shoe 50 is pressed against the braking surface 42a by the braking spring 47 changes during braking.
  • the relative distance between the brake unit 43 and the braking surface 42a changes, and the brake torque during emergency braking changes.
  • Each brake shoe 50 is rotatable with respect to the brake arm 49 about a pin 53 parallel to the shaft 44. For this reason, even when the brake unit 43 is tilted, the lining 50a follows the braking surface 42a.
  • FIG. 10 is a sectional view showing a state in which the brake shoe 50 in FIG. 8 is pulled away from the braking surface 42a
  • FIG. 11 is a sectional view showing a state in which the brake unit 43 in FIG. 10 is rotated in the horizontal direction
  • FIG. It is sectional drawing which shows the state which carried out the emergency stop of the cage
  • the brake angle control unit 35 (FIG. 7) outputs a command signal to the position adjustment motor 45 during the traveling of the car 8 according to the information related to the weight loaded in the car and the information related to the traveling direction of the car 8, respectively.
  • the rotation angles of the two brake units 43 are adjusted simultaneously.
  • Other configurations and operations are the same as those in the first embodiment.
  • the brake unit 43 can also be rotated with respect to such an externally-expanded brake device 41, and the brake unit 43 can be rotated according to information about the weight loaded in the car and information about the running direction of the car 8 while the car 8 is running. By adjusting the rotation angle of 43, the same effect as in the first embodiment can be obtained.
  • the present invention can be applied to a hoisting machine whose axial dimension is longer than the dimension perpendicular to the axial direction, and to a thin hoisting machine whose axial dimension is shorter than the dimension perpendicular to the axial direction.
  • the brake drum is arranged so that the center of rotation is horizontal.
  • the brake drum may be arranged so that the center of rotation is vertical or substantially vertical.
  • the angle of the brake units 23 and 43 is controlled by the control device 5 that controls the operation of the car 8.
  • the angle of the brake unit can be controlled by the control device that is separated from the operation control device. It is.
  • the overall layout of the elevator is not limited to FIG. 1, and the present invention is, for example, a 2: 1 roping elevator, a machine room-less elevator, a double deck elevator, and a one-shaft multi-car elevator. Applicable to various types of elevators.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Cage And Drive Apparatuses For Elevators (AREA)

Abstract

In a brake device for an elevator hoist, a brake drum has a circular cylindrical braking surface. A brake unit has a brake shoe, a brake spring, and an electromagnet. The brake unit is adapted to be rotatable relative to the brake drum so that the angle at which the brake spring presses the brake shoe against the braking surface during braking will vary. In response to information on a load weight in an elevator car and also in response to information on the direction of travel of the elevator car, a control device regulates the angle of rotation of the brake unit during the traveling of the elevator car.

Description

エレベータ巻上機のブレーキ装置Brake device for elevator hoisting machine
　この発明は、ブレーキドラムの制動面にブレーキシューを押し付けることによりブレーキドラムの回転を制動するエレベータ巻上機のブレーキ装置に関するものである。 The present invention relates to a brake device for an elevator hoisting machine that brakes rotation of a brake drum by pressing a brake shoe against a braking surface of the brake drum.
　従来のエレベータでは、かごの走行中に停電が発生した場合、及びかごが異常速度に達した場合に、巻上機のブレーキ装置による緊急制動が行われる。このときのブレーキトルクは、巻上機に負荷される最大のアンバランストルク、即ちかご側の重量と釣合おもり側の重量との差が最大のときに負荷されるトルクに合わせた仕様となっている。このため、かご側の重量と釣合おもり側の重量とが同等であった場合には、緊急制動時のかごの減速度が大きくなり、乗り心地を損なうこととなる。 In conventional elevators, emergency braking by the hoisting machine brake device is performed when a power failure occurs while the car is running and when the car reaches an abnormal speed. The brake torque at this time is a specification that matches the maximum unbalance torque applied to the hoisting machine, that is, the torque applied when the difference between the weight on the car side and the weight on the counterweight side is maximum. ing. For this reason, when the weight on the car side and the weight on the counterweight side are the same, the deceleration of the car at the time of emergency braking increases, and the ride comfort is impaired.
　これに対して、従来のエレベータ巻上機のブレーキ装置では、ブレーキディスクへのブレーキパッドの押し付け位置がブレーキディスクの径方向へ可変となっている。この構成では、ブレーキパッドをブレーキディスクの中心に近付けることにより、制動時の制動トルクが緩和される（例えば、特許文献１参照）。 On the other hand, in the brake device of the conventional elevator hoisting machine, the pressing position of the brake pad against the brake disk is variable in the radial direction of the brake disk. In this configuration, by bringing the brake pad closer to the center of the brake disc, the braking torque during braking is relaxed (see, for example, Patent Document 1).
特開２００２－３０９５号公報（図５～７）Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2002-3095 (FIGS. 5 to 7)
　上記のような従来のエレベータ巻上機のブレーキ装置の構成は、ブレーキドラムを用いるタイプのブレーキ装置には適用できない。また、ディスクブレーキ又はブレーキパッドをブレーキディスクの制動面に平行に移動させる必要があるため、構成が複雑になる。 The configuration of the brake device of the conventional elevator hoisting machine as described above cannot be applied to a brake device using a brake drum. Further, since the disc brake or the brake pad needs to be moved in parallel to the braking surface of the brake disc, the configuration becomes complicated.
　この発明は、上記のような課題を解決するためになされたものであり、ブレーキドラムを用いるタイプでも、簡単な構成により、緊急制動時のブレーキトルクを適正に調整することができるエレベータ巻上機のブレーキ装置を得ることを目的とする。 The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and is an elevator hoisting machine that can appropriately adjust the brake torque during emergency braking with a simple configuration even when using a brake drum. The purpose is to obtain a brake device.
　この発明に係るエレベータ巻上機のブレーキ装置は、円筒形の制動面を有しているブレーキドラム、ブレーキシューと、ブレーキシューを制動面に押し付ける制動ばねと、制動ばねに抗してブレーキシューを制動面から引き離す電磁マグネットとを有しているブレーキユニット、及びブレーキユニットを制御する制御装置を備え、ブレーキユニットは、制動時に制動ばねがブレーキシューを制動面に押し付ける角度が変化するように、ブレーキドラムに対して回転可能になっており、制御装置は、かごの走行中に、かご内積載重量に関する情報とかごの走行方向に関する情報とに応じて、ブレーキユニットの回転角度を調整する。 A brake device for an elevator hoisting machine according to the present invention includes a brake drum having a cylindrical braking surface, a brake shoe, a braking spring that presses the braking shoe against the braking surface, and a brake shoe against the braking spring. The brake unit has an electromagnetic magnet that is separated from the braking surface, and a control device that controls the brake unit. The brake unit is configured to change the angle at which the braking spring presses the brake shoe against the braking surface during braking. The controller is rotatable with respect to the drum, and the control device adjusts the rotation angle of the brake unit according to the information related to the weight loaded in the car and the information related to the running direction of the car while the car is running.
　この発明のエレベータ巻上機のブレーキ装置は、ブレーキユニットがブレーキドラムに対して回転可能になっており、かごの走行中に、かご内積載重量に関する情報とかごの走行方向に関する情報とに応じて、ブレーキユニットの回転角度が調整されるので、ブレーキドラムを用いるタイプでも、簡単な構成により、緊急制動時のブレーキトルクを適正に調整することができる。 In the elevator hoisting machine brake device according to the present invention, the brake unit is rotatable with respect to the brake drum, and according to the information on the weight loaded in the car and the information on the traveling direction of the car during the traveling of the car. Since the rotation angle of the brake unit is adjusted, the brake torque at the time of emergency braking can be appropriately adjusted with a simple configuration even in the type using the brake drum.
この発明の実施の形態１によるエレベータを示す構成図である。It is a block diagram which shows the elevator by Embodiment 1 of this invention. 図１のエレベータ巻上機のブレーキ装置を示す正面図である。It is a front view which shows the brake device of the elevator hoisting machine of FIG. 図２のＩＩＩ－ＩＩＩ線に沿う断面図である。FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along line III-III in FIG. 2. 図３のブレーキシューが制動面から引き離された状態を示す断面図である。FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing a state where the brake shoe of FIG. 3 is pulled away from the braking surface. 図４のブレーキユニットを水平方向へ回転させた状態を示す断面図である。It is sectional drawing which shows the state which rotated the brake unit of FIG. 4 to the horizontal direction. 図５の状態からかごを緊急停止させた状態を示す断面図である。It is sectional drawing which shows the state which carried out the emergency stop of the cage | basket | car from the state of FIG. 図２の位置調整用モータ２５の制御系を示すブロック図である。FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing a control system of the position adjusting motor 25 in FIG. 2. この発明の実施の形態２によるエレベータ巻上機のブレーキ装置を示す正面図である。It is a front view which shows the brake device of the elevator hoisting machine by Embodiment 2 of this invention. 図８のＩＸ－ＩＸ線に沿う断面図である。FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view taken along line IX-IX in FIG. 8. 図８のブレーキシューが制動面から引き離された状態を示す断面図である。It is sectional drawing which shows the state from which the brake shoe of FIG. 8 was pulled away from the braking surface. 図１０のブレーキユニットを水平方向へ回転させた状態を示す断面図である。It is sectional drawing which shows the state which rotated the brake unit of FIG. 10 to the horizontal direction. 図１１の状態からかごを緊急停止させた状態を示す断面図である。It is sectional drawing which shows the state which carried out the emergency stop of the cage | basket | car from the state of FIG.
　以下、この発明を実施するための形態について、図面を参照して説明する。
　実施の形態１．
　図１はこの発明の実施の形態１によるエレベータを示す構成図である。図において、昇降路１の上部には、機械室２が設けられている。機械室２には、エレベータ巻上機３、そらせ車４、及び制御装置５が設置されている。エレベータ巻上機３は、駆動シーブ６、駆動シーブ６を回転させる巻上機モータ（図示せず）、及び駆動シーブ６の回転を制動するブレーキ装置２１（図２）を有している。 Hereinafter, embodiments for carrying out the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
Embodiment 1 FIG.
FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an elevator according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. In the figure, a machine room 2 is provided in the upper part of the hoistway 1. In the machine room 2, an elevator hoist 3, a deflector 4, and a control device 5 are installed. The elevator hoisting machine 3 includes a drive sheave 6, a hoisting machine motor (not shown) that rotates the driving sheave 6, and a brake device 21 (FIG. 2) that brakes the rotation of the driving sheave 6.
　駆動シーブ６及びそらせ車４には、懸架体７が巻き掛けられている。懸架体７としては、複数本のロープ又は複数本のベルトが用いられている。懸架体７の第１の端部には、かご８が接続されている。懸架体７の第２の端部には、釣合おもり９が接続されている。 A suspension body 7 is wound around the driving sheave 6 and the deflecting wheel 4. As the suspension body 7, a plurality of ropes or a plurality of belts are used. A car 8 is connected to the first end of the suspension body 7. A counterweight 9 is connected to the second end of the suspension body 7.
　かご８及び釣合おもり９は、懸架体７により昇降路１内に吊り下げられており、駆動シーブ６を回転させることにより昇降路１内を昇降する。制御装置５は、エレベータ巻上機３の回転を制御することにより、設定した速度でかご８を昇降させる。 The car 8 and the counterweight 9 are suspended in the hoistway 1 by the suspension body 7 and are moved up and down in the hoistway 1 by rotating the drive sheave 6. The control device 5 raises and lowers the car 8 at a set speed by controlling the rotation of the elevator hoisting machine 3.
　昇降路１内には、かご８の昇降を案内する一対のかごガイドレール１０と、釣合おもり９の昇降を案内する一対の釣合おもりガイドレール１１とが設置されている。昇降路１の底部には、かご緩衝器１２及び釣合おもり緩衝器１３が設置されている。 In the hoistway 1, a pair of car guide rails 10 that guide the raising and lowering of the car 8 and a pair of counterweight guide rails 11 that guide the raising and lowering of the counterweight 9 are installed. A car buffer 12 and a counterweight buffer 13 are installed at the bottom of the hoistway 1.
　かご８の下部には、かごガイドレール１０を把持してかご８を非常停止させる非常止め装置１４が搭載されている。非常止め装置１４には、非常止め装置１４を作動させる作動レバー１５が設けられている。 An emergency stop device 14 that holds the car guide rail 10 and makes the car 8 emergency stop is mounted at the lower part of the car 8. The emergency stop device 14 is provided with an operating lever 15 for operating the emergency stop device 14.
　機械室２には、かご８の過大速度での走行の有無を監視する調速機１６が設けられている。調速機１６は、調速機シーブ１７、過大速度検出スイッチ及びロープキャッチ等を有している。調速機シーブ１７には、調速機ロープ１８が巻き掛けられている。 The machine room 2 is provided with a governor 16 that monitors whether the car 8 is traveling at an excessive speed. The governor 16 includes a governor sheave 17, an overspeed detection switch, a rope catch, and the like. A governor rope 18 is wound around the governor sheave 17.
　調速機ロープ１８は、昇降路１内に環状に敷設され、作動レバー１５に接続されている。また、調速機ロープ１８は、昇降路１の下部に配置された張り車１９に巻き掛けられている。かご８が昇降すると、調速機ロープ１８が循環移動し、かご８の走行速度に応じた回転速度で調速機シーブ１７が回転する。 The governor rope 18 is laid circularly in the hoistway 1 and connected to the operating lever 15. The governor rope 18 is wound around a tension wheel 19 disposed at the lower part of the hoistway 1. When the car 8 moves up and down, the governor rope 18 circulates and the governor sheave 17 rotates at a rotational speed corresponding to the traveling speed of the car 8.
　調速機１６では、かご８の走行速度が過大速度に達したことが機械的に検出される。検出する過大速度としては、定格速度Ｖｒよりも高い第１の過大速度Ｖｏｓと、第１の過大速度よりも高い第２の過大速度Ｖｔｒとが設定されている。 The governor 16 mechanically detects that the traveling speed of the car 8 has reached an excessive speed. As the excessive speed to be detected, a first excessive speed Vos that is higher than the rated speed Vr and a second excessive speed Vtr that is higher than the first excessive speed are set.
　かご８の走行速度が第１の過大速度Ｖｏｓに達すると、過大速度検出スイッチが操作される。これにより、エレベータ巻上機３への給電が遮断され、かご８が緊急停止する。 When the traveling speed of the car 8 reaches the first overspeed Vos, the overspeed detection switch is operated. Thereby, the electric power feeding to the elevator hoisting machine 3 is interrupted, and the car 8 is stopped urgently.
　かご８の下降速度が第２の過大速度Ｖｔｒに達すると、ロープキャッチにより調速機ロープ１８が把持され、調速機ロープ１８の循環が停止される。これにより、作動レバー１５が操作されて非常止め装置１４が作動し、かご８が非常停止する。 When the descending speed of the car 8 reaches the second excessive speed Vtr, the governor rope 18 is gripped by the rope catch, and the circulation of the governor rope 18 is stopped. As a result, the operation lever 15 is operated, the emergency stop device 14 is activated, and the car 8 is brought to an emergency stop.
　図２は図１のエレベータ巻上機３のブレーキ装置２１を示す正面図、図３は図２のＩＩＩ－ＩＩＩ線に沿う断面図であり、通常制動時の状態を示している。ブレーキ装置２１は、駆動シーブ６と一体に回転するブレーキドラム２２と、ブレーキドラム２２内に設けられているブレーキユニット２３とを有している。即ち、実施の形態１のブレーキ装置２１は内拡式ブレーキである。 FIG. 2 is a front view showing the brake device 21 of the elevator hoisting machine 3 of FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line III-III of FIG. 2, showing a state during normal braking. The brake device 21 includes a brake drum 22 that rotates integrally with the drive sheave 6, and a brake unit 23 provided in the brake drum 22. That is, the brake device 21 of the first embodiment is an internal expansion brake.
　ブレーキドラム２２は、円筒形の制動面２２ａを有している。実施の形態１では、制動面２２ａは、ブレーキドラム２２の内周面である。また、ブレーキドラム２２は、その回転中心Ｃが水平になるように配置されている。 The brake drum 22 has a cylindrical braking surface 22a. In the first embodiment, the braking surface 22 a is the inner peripheral surface of the brake drum 22. The brake drum 22 is arranged so that the rotation center C thereof is horizontal.
　ブレーキユニット２３は、軸２４、位置調整用モータ２５、電磁マグネット２６、一対の制動ばね２７、一対の可動鉄心２８、一対のブレーキアーム２９、及び一対のブレーキシュー３０を有している。 The brake unit 23 includes a shaft 24, a position adjusting motor 25, an electromagnetic magnet 26, a pair of braking springs 27, a pair of movable iron cores 28, a pair of brake arms 29, and a pair of brake shoes 30.
　軸２４は、その軸線がブレーキドラム２２の回転中心Ｃに直角かつ鉛直となるように配置されている。また、軸２４は、その軸線を中心として回転する。位置調整用モータ２５は、軸２４の下端部に配置されており、制御装置５からの指令に応じて軸２４を回転させる。 The shaft 24 is arranged such that its axis is perpendicular to the rotation center C of the brake drum 22 and is vertical. Further, the shaft 24 rotates around the axis. The position adjustment motor 25 is disposed at the lower end of the shaft 24 and rotates the shaft 24 in response to a command from the control device 5.
　電磁マグネット２６は、固定鉄心３１と、固定鉄心３１の両側面に埋め込まれている一対のブレーキコイル３２とを有している。可動鉄心２８は、固定鉄心３１の両側面に対向している。制動ばね２７は、可動鉄心２８と固定鉄心３１との間に介在している。 The electromagnetic magnet 26 has a fixed iron core 31 and a pair of brake coils 32 embedded in both side surfaces of the fixed iron core 31. The movable iron core 28 faces both side surfaces of the fixed iron core 31. The braking spring 27 is interposed between the movable iron core 28 and the fixed iron core 31.
　ブレーキシュー３０は、それぞれブレーキアーム２９を介して可動鉄心２８に連結されている。制動ばね２７は、それぞれブレーキシュー３０を制動面２２ａに押し付ける。ブレーキシュー３０の制動面２２ａに当たる面には、ライニング３０ａが設けられている。電磁マグネット２６は、制動ばね２７に抗してブレーキシュー３０を制動面２２ａから引き離す。 The brake shoes 30 are connected to the movable iron core 28 via the brake arms 29, respectively. Each brake spring 27 presses the brake shoe 30 against the braking surface 22a. A lining 30a is provided on the surface of the brake shoe 30 that contacts the braking surface 22a. The electromagnetic magnet 26 pulls the brake shoe 30 away from the braking surface 22 a against the braking spring 27.
　ブレーキユニット２３は、制動時に制動ばね２７がブレーキシュー３０を制動面２２ａに押し付ける角度が変化するように、軸２４を中心としてブレーキドラム２２に対して回転可能になっている。軸２４を中心としてブレーキユニット２３を回転させることにより、制動時にライニング３０ａが制動面２２ａに当たるまでに移動する距離、即ちブレーキユニット２３と制動面２２ａとの相対距離が変化し、緊急制動時のブレーキトルクが変化する。 The brake unit 23 is rotatable with respect to the brake drum 22 about the shaft 24 so that the angle at which the brake spring 27 presses the brake shoe 30 against the braking surface 22a changes during braking. By rotating the brake unit 23 about the shaft 24, the distance that the lining 30a moves to hit the braking surface 22a at the time of braking, that is, the relative distance between the braking unit 23 and the braking surface 22a is changed. Torque changes.
　各ブレーキシュー３０は、軸２４に平行なピン３３を中心としてブレーキアーム２９に対して回転可能になっている。このため、緊急制動時にブレーキユニット２３が傾いた状態でも、ライニング３０ａは制動面２２ａにならうことになる。 Each brake shoe 30 is rotatable with respect to the brake arm 29 about a pin 33 parallel to the shaft 24. For this reason, even when the brake unit 23 is tilted during emergency braking, the lining 30a follows the braking surface 22a.
　図４は図３のブレーキシュー３０が制動面２２ａから引き離された状態を示す断面図、図５は図４のブレーキユニット２３を水平方向へ回転させた状態を示す断面図、図６は図５の状態からかご８を緊急停止させた状態を示す断面図である。 4 is a sectional view showing a state in which the brake shoe 30 in FIG. 3 is pulled away from the braking surface 22a, FIG. 5 is a sectional view showing a state in which the brake unit 23 in FIG. 4 is rotated in the horizontal direction, and FIG. It is sectional drawing which shows the state which carried out the emergency stop of the cage | basket | car 8 from the state of.
　また、図７は図２の位置調整用モータ２５の制御系を示すブロック図である。制御装置５は、かご８の運行を制御する運行制御部３４と、位置調整用モータ２５を制御するブレーキ角度制御部３５とを有している。 FIG. 7 is a block diagram showing a control system of the position adjusting motor 25 of FIG. The control device 5 includes an operation control unit 34 that controls the operation of the car 8 and a brake angle control unit 35 that controls the position adjusting motor 25.
　秤装置３６は、かご内積載重量に応じた信号を発生する。秤装置３６からの信号は、制御装置５に入力される。ブレーキ角度制御部３５は、運行制御部３４からかご８の走行方向に関する情報を得る。また、ブレーキ角度制御部３５は、かご内積載重量に関する情報とかご８の走行方向に関する情報とに応じて、かご８の走行中に位置調整用モータ２５に指令信号を出力し、ブレーキユニット２３の回転角度を調整する。 The scale device 36 generates a signal corresponding to the weight loaded in the car. A signal from the scale device 36 is input to the control device 5. The brake angle control unit 35 obtains information regarding the traveling direction of the car 8 from the operation control unit 34. Further, the brake angle control unit 35 outputs a command signal to the position adjustment motor 25 during the traveling of the car 8 according to the information related to the weight loaded in the car and the information related to the traveling direction of the car 8, and Adjust the rotation angle.
　具体的には、ブレーキ角度制御部３５は、通常制動時にかご８の静止状態を保持する場合、図２及び図３に示すように、ブレーキドラム２２の回転中心Ｃに沿う断面においてブレーキシュー３０を制動面２２ａに押し付ける方向が制動面２２ａに直角であり、制動時の制動ばね２７の伸びが最小となる位置、即ち初期位置にブレーキユニット２３を保持する。 Specifically, when the brake angle control unit 35 maintains the stationary state of the car 8 during normal braking, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the brake angle control unit 35 moves the brake shoe 30 in a cross section along the rotation center C of the brake drum 22. The direction of pressing against the braking surface 22a is perpendicular to the braking surface 22a, and the brake unit 23 is held at a position where the extension of the braking spring 27 during braking is minimized, that is, the initial position.
　かご８の走行開始直後は、図４に示すように、ブレーキユニット２３は初期位置のままである。この後、ブレーキ角度制御部３５は、かご内積載重量及び走行方向の条件が、ブレーキユニット２３を初期位置に保持したままで緊急制動をかけるとかご８に発生する減速度が過大になると判断される条件であるかどうかを判定する。 Immediately after the start of traveling of the car 8, the brake unit 23 remains in the initial position as shown in FIG. Thereafter, the brake angle control unit 35 determines that the deceleration generated in the car 8 becomes excessive when the emergency braking is performed while the brake unit 23 is held at the initial position with respect to the condition of the weight loaded in the car and the traveling direction. It is determined whether the condition is satisfied.
　そして、過大な減速度が発生する条件であった場合には、位置調整用モータ２５に指令を出力し、例えば図５に示すように、ブレーキユニット２３を初期位置から水平方向へ回転させる。 If the condition is such that excessive deceleration occurs, a command is output to the position adjustment motor 25, and the brake unit 23 is rotated in the horizontal direction from the initial position, for example, as shown in FIG.
　ブレーキ角度制御部３５は、例えば、かご８側の重量が釣合おもり９側の重量よりも大きく、かご８が上方向へ走行しているとき、及びかご８側の重量が釣合おもり９側の重量よりも小さく、かご８が下方向へ走行しているときに、ブレーキユニット２３を初期位置から水平方向へ回転させる。また、ブレーキ角度制御部３５は、例えば、かご８側の重量と釣合おもり９側の重量とが釣り合っているときに、ブレーキユニット２３を初期位置から水平方向へ回転させる。 The brake angle control unit 35 is configured so that, for example, the weight on the car 8 side is larger than the weight on the counterweight 9 side, and the car 8 is traveling upward, and the weight on the car 8 side is on the counterweight 9 side. When the car 8 is traveling downward, the brake unit 23 is rotated in the horizontal direction from the initial position. Further, the brake angle control unit 35 rotates the brake unit 23 in the horizontal direction from the initial position when the weight on the car 8 side and the weight on the counterweight 9 side are balanced, for example.
　さらに、ブレーキ角度制御部３５は、例えば、かご８側の重量が釣合おもり９側の重量よりも大きく、かご８が下方向へ走行しているとき、及びかご８側の重量が釣合おもり９側の重量よりも小さく、かご８が上方向へ走行しているときに、ブレーキユニット２３を初期位置に保持したままとする。 Further, the brake angle control unit 35 is configured so that, for example, the weight on the car 8 side is larger than the weight on the counterweight 9 side, and the weight on the car 8 side is the counterweight when the car 8 is traveling downward. When the car 8 is traveling upward, the brake unit 23 is kept in the initial position when the weight is smaller than the weight on the 9 side.
　この後、走行中に異常が発生しなければ、ブレーキ角度制御部３５は、かご８が停止する直前、例えばかご８が減速を開始してかご速度が設定値以下となったときに、ブレーキユニット２３を図４に示す初期位置に戻す。 After this, if no abnormality occurs during traveling, the brake angle control unit 35 determines that the brake unit immediately before the car 8 stops, for example, when the car 8 starts to decelerate and the car speed becomes a set value or less. 23 is returned to the initial position shown in FIG.
　また、かご８の走行中に停電又は第１の過大速度Ｖｏｓ等の異常が発生すると、電磁マグネット２６への通電が遮断され、緊急制動がかけられる。このとき、ブレーキユニット２３が初期位置にあれば、図３に示すように、ブレーキシュー３０は制動面２２ａに直角に押し付けられる。一方、ブレーキユニット２３が初期位置から回転していた場合、図６に示すように、制動面２２ａに直角な方向に対して傾斜した角度θでブレーキシュー３０が制動面２２ａに押し付けられる。 Also, if an abnormality such as a power failure or the first overspeed Vos occurs while the car 8 is traveling, the energization of the electromagnetic magnet 26 is cut off and emergency braking is applied. At this time, if the brake unit 23 is in the initial position, the brake shoe 30 is pressed perpendicularly to the braking surface 22a as shown in FIG. On the other hand, when the brake unit 23 is rotating from the initial position, as shown in FIG. 6, the brake shoe 30 is pressed against the braking surface 22a at an angle θ inclined with respect to a direction perpendicular to the braking surface 22a.
　ここで、ブレーキユニット２３の中心から制動面２２ａまでの距離をｘ、制動ばね２７のばね定数をｋ、ブレーキユニット２３が初期位置（θ＝０）にあるときの制動力Ｆ０としたとき、ブレーキユニット２３をθ（０°＜θ＜９０°）だけ傾斜させたときの制動力Ｆは以下の式で表される。 Here, when the distance from the center of the brake unit 23 to the braking surface 22a is x, the spring constant of the braking spring 27 is k, and the braking force F0 when the brake unit 23 is in the initial position (θ = 0), The braking force F when the unit 23 is inclined by θ (0 ° <θ <90 °) is expressed by the following equation.
　Ｆ＝（Ｆ０＋ｘ・ｋ）ｃｏｓθ－ｘ・ｋ F = (F0 + x · k) cos θ-x · k
　ブレーキユニット２３の傾き角度θは、かご８側の重量と釣合おもり９側の重量とのアンバランス量に応じて、段階的に変化させても無段階で連続的に変化させてもよい。段階的に変化させる場合、角度θは、１つの角度に固定しても、２つ以上の角度としてもよい。 The inclination angle θ of the brake unit 23 may be changed stepwise or continuously steplessly depending on the unbalance amount between the weight on the car 8 side and the weight on the counterweight 9 side. When changing in steps, the angle θ may be fixed to one angle or may be two or more angles.
　制御装置５は、例えばコンピュータにより構成することができる。即ち、運行制御部３４及びブレーキ角度制御部３５の機能は、コンピュータにより実現することができる。 The control device 5 can be configured by a computer, for example. That is, the functions of the operation control unit 34 and the brake angle control unit 35 can be realized by a computer.
　このようなエレベータ巻上機３のブレーキ装置２１では、制動時に制動ばね２７によりブレーキシュー３０を制動面２２ａに押し付ける角度が変化するように、ブレーキユニット２３が軸２４を中心としてブレーキドラム２２に対して回転可能になっており、かご８の走行中に、かご内積載重量に関する情報とかご８の走行方向に関する情報とに応じて、ブレーキユニット２３の回転角度が調整される。 In such a brake device 21 of the elevator hoisting machine 3, the brake unit 23 is moved with respect to the brake drum 22 around the shaft 24 so that the angle at which the brake shoe 30 is pressed against the braking surface 22 a by the braking spring 27 changes during braking. When the car 8 is traveling, the rotation angle of the brake unit 23 is adjusted according to the information related to the loaded weight in the car and the information related to the traveling direction of the car 8.
　このため、ブレーキドラム２２を用いるタイプでも、ブレーキユニット２３を回転させるだけの簡単な構成により、緊急制動時のブレーキトルクを適正に調整することができる。これにより、かご８が緊急停止したときの乗客の乗り心地の悪化を抑制することができる。 For this reason, even with the type using the brake drum 22, the brake torque during emergency braking can be appropriately adjusted with a simple configuration by simply rotating the brake unit 23. Thereby, it is possible to suppress the deterioration of the ride comfort of the passenger when the car 8 is brought to an emergency stop.
　また、かご内積載重量及び走行方向の条件が、初期位置のまま緊急制動をかけるとかご８に発生する減速度が過大になると判断される条件である場合に、ブレーキユニット２３を初期位置から回転させて初期位置に対して傾斜させるので、かご８が緊急停止したときの乗客の乗り心地の悪化をより確実に抑制することができる。 In addition, when the conditions of the weight in the car and the traveling direction are such conditions that it is determined that the deceleration generated in the car 8 becomes excessive when emergency braking is applied at the initial position, the brake unit 23 is rotated from the initial position. Thus, since the vehicle 8 is inclined with respect to the initial position, it is possible to more reliably suppress the deterioration of the ride comfort of the passenger when the car 8 is brought to an emergency stop.
　さらに、かご８側の重量が釣合おもり９側の重量よりも大きく、かご８が上方向へ走行しているとき、及びかご８側の重量が釣合おもり９側の重量よりも小さく、かご８が下方向へ走行しているときに、ブレーキユニット２３を初期位置から回転させて初期位置に対して傾斜させることにより、かご８を停止させ易い条件のときに緊急制動時のブレーキトルクを低減することができる。 Furthermore, the weight on the side of the car 8 is larger than the weight on the side of the counterweight 9, the weight on the side of the car 8 is smaller than the weight on the side of the counterweight 9 when the car 8 is traveling upward, When the vehicle 8 is traveling downward, the brake unit 23 is rotated from the initial position and tilted with respect to the initial position, thereby reducing the brake torque during emergency braking when the car 8 is easy to stop. can do.
　さらにまた、かご８側の重量と釣合おもり９側の重量とが釣り合っているときに、ブレーキユニット２３を初期位置から回転させて初期位置に対して傾斜させることにより、かご８を比較的停止させ易い条件のときに緊急制動時のブレーキトルクを低減することができる。 Furthermore, when the weight on the car 8 side and the weight on the counterweight 9 side are balanced, the car 8 is relatively stopped by rotating the brake unit 23 from the initial position and inclining the initial position. The brake torque at the time of emergency braking can be reduced under conditions where it is easy to make it occur.
　また、かご８の走行中にブレーキユニット２３を初期位置から回転させ、かつかご８が正常に停止階に停止する場合、かご８が停止する前にブレーキユニット２３を初期位置に戻すので、かご８の静止状態をより確実に維持することができる。即ち、かご８の走行中にはかご内積載重量が確定しているが、停止階で戸開しているかご８にどれだけの重量が積載されるかは未定である。これに対して、ブレーキユニット２３を初期位置に戻しておくことにより、最大のブレーキトルクを発生させることができ、万一かご８が過積載となっても、かご８を静止させておくことができる。 Further, when the brake unit 23 is rotated from the initial position while the car 8 is traveling and the car 8 normally stops at the stop floor, the brake unit 23 is returned to the initial position before the car 8 stops. The stationary state can be maintained more reliably. That is, while the car 8 is traveling, the weight loaded in the car is fixed, but it is not yet determined how much weight is loaded on the car 8 that is opened on the stop floor. On the other hand, by returning the brake unit 23 to the initial position, the maximum brake torque can be generated, and the car 8 can be kept stationary even if the car 8 is overloaded. it can.
　実施の形態２．
　次に、図８はこの発明の実施の形態２によるエレベータ巻上機のブレーキ装置４１を示す正面図、図９は図８のＩＸ－ＩＸ線に沿う断面図である。実施の形態２のブレーキ装置４１は、ブレーキドラム４２と、ブレーキドラム４２の外側に設けられている一対のブレーキユニット４３とを有している。即ち、実施の形態２のブレーキ装置は外拡式ブレーキである。 Embodiment 2. FIG.
Next, FIG. 8 is a front view showing a brake device 41 of an elevator hoist according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention, and FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view taken along line IX-IX in FIG. The brake device 41 according to the second embodiment includes a brake drum 42 and a pair of brake units 43 provided outside the brake drum 42. That is, the brake device according to the second embodiment is an external expansion brake.
　ブレーキドラム４２は、円筒形の制動面４２ａを有している。実施の形態２では、制動面４２ａは、ブレーキドラム４２の外周面である。また、ブレーキドラム４２は、その回転中心Ｃが水平になるように配置されている。 The brake drum 42 has a cylindrical braking surface 42a. In the second embodiment, the braking surface 42 a is the outer peripheral surface of the brake drum 42. The brake drum 42 is arranged so that the rotation center C thereof is horizontal.
　各ブレーキユニット４３は、軸４４、位置調整用モータ４５、電磁マグネット４６、制動ばね４７、可動鉄心４８、ブレーキアーム４９、及びブレーキシュー５０を有している。また、２つのブレーキユニット４３は、同一の構成であり、ブレーキドラム４２を挟んで対称に配置されている。 Each brake unit 43 has a shaft 44, a position adjusting motor 45, an electromagnetic magnet 46, a braking spring 47, a movable iron core 48, a brake arm 49, and a brake shoe 50. Further, the two brake units 43 have the same configuration and are arranged symmetrically with the brake drum 42 interposed therebetween.
　軸４４は、その軸線がブレーキドラム４２の回転中心Ｃに直角かつ鉛直となるように配置されている。また、軸４４は、その軸線を中心として回転する。位置調整用モータ４５は、軸４４の下端部に配置されており、制御装置５からの指令に応じて軸４４を回転させる。 The shaft 44 is disposed such that its axis is perpendicular to the rotation center C of the brake drum 42 and is vertical. Further, the shaft 44 rotates around the axis. The position adjustment motor 45 is disposed at the lower end of the shaft 44 and rotates the shaft 44 in response to a command from the control device 5.
　電磁マグネット４６は、固定鉄心５１と、固定鉄心５１のブレーキドラム４２側の側面に埋め込まれているブレーキコイル５２とを有している。可動鉄心４８は、固定鉄心５１の側面に対向している。制動ばね４７は、可動鉄心４８と固定鉄心５１との間に介在している。 The electromagnetic magnet 46 has a fixed iron core 51 and a brake coil 52 embedded in a side surface of the fixed iron core 51 on the brake drum 42 side. The movable iron core 48 faces the side surface of the fixed iron core 51. The brake spring 47 is interposed between the movable iron core 48 and the fixed iron core 51.
　ブレーキシュー５０は、ブレーキアーム４９を介して可動鉄心４８に連結されている。制動ばね４７は、ブレーキシュー５０を制動面４２ａに押し付ける。ブレーキシュー５０の制動面４２ａに当たる面には、ライニング５０ａが設けられている。電磁マグネット４６は、制動ばね４７に抗してブレーキシュー５０を制動面４２ａから引き離す。 The brake shoe 50 is connected to the movable iron core 48 via the brake arm 49. The braking spring 47 presses the brake shoe 50 against the braking surface 42a. A lining 50a is provided on the surface of the brake shoe 50 that contacts the braking surface 42a. The electromagnetic magnet 46 pulls the brake shoe 50 away from the braking surface 42 a against the braking spring 47.
　ブレーキユニット４３は、制動時に制動ばね４７によりブレーキシュー５０を制動面４２ａに押し付ける角度が変化するように、軸４４を中心としてブレーキドラム４２に対して回転可能になっている。軸４４を中心としてブレーキユニット４３を回転させることにより、ブレーキユニット４３と制動面４２ａとの相対距離が変化し、緊急制動時のブレーキトルクが変化する。 The brake unit 43 is rotatable with respect to the brake drum 42 about the shaft 44 so that the angle at which the brake shoe 50 is pressed against the braking surface 42a by the braking spring 47 changes during braking. By rotating the brake unit 43 about the shaft 44, the relative distance between the brake unit 43 and the braking surface 42a changes, and the brake torque during emergency braking changes.
　各ブレーキシュー５０は、軸４４に平行なピン５３を中心としてブレーキアーム４９に対して回転可能になっている。このため、ブレーキユニット４３が傾いた状態でも、ライニング５０ａは制動面４２ａにならうことになる。 Each brake shoe 50 is rotatable with respect to the brake arm 49 about a pin 53 parallel to the shaft 44. For this reason, even when the brake unit 43 is tilted, the lining 50a follows the braking surface 42a.
　図１０は図８のブレーキシュー５０が制動面４２ａから引き離された状態を示す断面図、図１１は図１０のブレーキユニット４３を水平方向へ回転させた状態を示す断面図、図１２は図１１の状態からかご８を緊急停止させた状態を示す断面図である。 10 is a sectional view showing a state in which the brake shoe 50 in FIG. 8 is pulled away from the braking surface 42a, FIG. 11 is a sectional view showing a state in which the brake unit 43 in FIG. 10 is rotated in the horizontal direction, and FIG. It is sectional drawing which shows the state which carried out the emergency stop of the cage | basket | car 8 from the state of.
　ブレーキ角度制御部３５（図７）は、かご内積載重量に関する情報とかご８の走行方向に関する情報とに応じて、かご８の走行中に位置調整用モータ４５にそれぞれ指令信号を出力し、２つのブレーキユニット４３の回転角度を同時に調整する。他の構成及び動作は、実施の形態１と同様である。 The brake angle control unit 35 (FIG. 7) outputs a command signal to the position adjustment motor 45 during the traveling of the car 8 according to the information related to the weight loaded in the car and the information related to the traveling direction of the car 8, respectively. The rotation angles of the two brake units 43 are adjusted simultaneously. Other configurations and operations are the same as those in the first embodiment.
　このような外拡式のブレーキ装置４１についても、ブレーキユニット４３をそれぞれ回転可能とし、かご８の走行中に、かご内積載重量に関する情報とかご８の走行方向に関する情報とに応じて、ブレーキユニット４３の回転角度を調整することにより、実施の形態１と同様の効果を得ることができる。 The brake unit 43 can also be rotated with respect to such an externally-expanded brake device 41, and the brake unit 43 can be rotated according to information about the weight loaded in the car and information about the running direction of the car 8 while the car 8 is running. By adjusting the rotation angle of 43, the same effect as in the first embodiment can be obtained.
　なお、この発明は、軸方向の寸法が軸方向に直角な方向の寸法よりも長い巻上機にも、軸方向の寸法が軸方向に直角な方向の寸法よりも短い薄型の巻上機にも適用できる。
　また、上記の例では、回転中心が水平になるようにブレーキドラムが配置されているが、回転中心が鉛直又はほぼ鉛直となるようにブレーキドラムを配置してもよい。
　さらに、上記の例では、かご８の運行を制御する制御装置５によりブレーキユニット２３，４３の角度を制御したが、運行制御装置から切り離された制御装置によりブレーキユニットの角度を制御することも可能である。
　さらにまた、エレベータ全体のレイアウトは、図１に限定されるものではなく、この発明は、例えば２：１ローピングのエレベータ、機械室レスエレベータ、ダブルデッキエレベータ、及びワンシャフトマルチカー方式のエレベータなど、様々なタイプのエレベータに適用できる。 The present invention can be applied to a hoisting machine whose axial dimension is longer than the dimension perpendicular to the axial direction, and to a thin hoisting machine whose axial dimension is shorter than the dimension perpendicular to the axial direction. Is also applicable.
In the above example, the brake drum is arranged so that the center of rotation is horizontal. However, the brake drum may be arranged so that the center of rotation is vertical or substantially vertical.
Further, in the above example, the angle of the brake units 23 and 43 is controlled by the control device 5 that controls the operation of the car 8. However, the angle of the brake unit can be controlled by the control device that is separated from the operation control device. It is.
Furthermore, the overall layout of the elevator is not limited to FIG. 1, and the present invention is, for example, a 2: 1 roping elevator, a machine room-less elevator, a double deck elevator, and a one-shaft multi-car elevator. Applicable to various types of elevators.

Claims (6)

  1. 　円筒形の制動面を有しているブレーキドラム、
    　ブレーキシューと、前記ブレーキシューを前記制動面に押し付ける制動ばねと、前記制動ばねに抗して前記ブレーキシューを前記制動面から引き離す電磁マグネットとを有しているブレーキユニット、及び
    　前記ブレーキユニットを制御する制御装置
    　を備え、
    　前記ブレーキユニットは、制動時に前記制動ばねが前記ブレーキシューを前記制動面に押し付ける角度が変化するように、前記ブレーキドラムに対して回転可能になっており、
    　前記制御装置は、かごの走行中に、かご内積載重量に関する情報と前記かごの走行方向に関する情報とに応じて、前記ブレーキユニットの回転角度を調整するエレベータ巻上機のブレーキ装置。     A brake drum having a cylindrical braking surface;
    A brake unit having a brake shoe, a brake spring that presses the brake shoe against the braking surface, and an electromagnetic magnet that pulls the brake shoe away from the braking surface against the braking spring; and controls the brake unit Control device
    The brake unit is rotatable with respect to the brake drum so that the angle at which the brake spring presses the brake shoe against the braking surface changes during braking,
    The said control apparatus is a brake device of the elevator hoisting machine which adjusts the rotation angle of the said brake unit according to the information regarding the loading weight in a car, and the information regarding the traveling direction of the said car during driving | running | working of a car.
  2. 　制動時の前記制動ばねの伸びが最小となる位置を前記ブレーキユニットの初期位置としたとき、前記制御装置は、前記かご内積載重量及び前記走行方向の条件が、前記初期位置のまま緊急制動をかけると前記かごに発生する減速度が過大になると判断される条件である場合に、前記ブレーキユニットを前記初期位置から回転させる請求項１記載のエレベータ巻上機のブレーキ装置。 When the position where the extension of the braking spring during braking is the minimum is set as the initial position of the brake unit, the control device performs emergency braking with the loaded weight in the car and the condition of the traveling direction remaining at the initial position. The brake device for an elevator hoisting machine according to claim 1, wherein the brake unit is rotated from the initial position when it is determined that the deceleration generated in the car is excessive when applied.
  3. 　前記制御装置は、前記かご側の重量が釣合おもり側の重量よりも大きく、前記かごが上方向へ走行しているとき、及び前記かご側の重量が前記釣合おもり側の重量よりも小さく、前記かごが下方向へ走行しているときに、前記ブレーキユニットを前記初期位置から回転させる請求項２記載のエレベータ巻上機のブレーキ装置。 The control device is configured such that the weight on the car side is larger than the weight on the counterweight side, and the weight on the car side is smaller than the weight on the counterweight side when the car is traveling upward. The brake device for an elevator hoisting machine according to claim 2, wherein the brake unit is rotated from the initial position when the car is traveling downward.
  4. 　前記制御装置は、前記かご側の重量と釣合おもり側の重量とが釣り合っているときに、前記ブレーキユニットを前記初期位置から回転させる請求項２記載のエレベータ巻上機のブレーキ装置。 3. The brake device for an elevator hoisting machine according to claim 2, wherein the control device rotates the brake unit from the initial position when the weight on the car side and the weight on the counterweight side are balanced.
  5. 　前記制御装置は、前記かごの走行中に前記ブレーキユニットを前記初期位置から回転させ、かつ前記かごが正常に停止階に停止する場合、前記かごが停止する前に前記ブレーキユニットを前記初期位置に戻す請求項２から請求項４までのいずれか１項に記載のエレベータ巻上機のブレーキ装置。 The controller rotates the brake unit from the initial position while the car is running, and when the car is normally stopped at the stop floor, the control unit moves the brake unit to the initial position before the car stops. The brake device for an elevator hoist according to any one of claims 2 to 4, wherein the brake device is returned.
  6. 　前記ブレーキユニットは、前記ブレーキドラムの回転中心に直角な軸を中心として回転可能になっている請求項１から請求項５までのいずれか１項に記載のエレベータ巻上機のブレーキ装置。 The brake device for an elevator hoist according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the brake unit is rotatable about an axis perpendicular to a rotation center of the brake drum.
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JP7031776B1 (en) * 2021-04-09 2022-03-08 三菱電機株式会社 Brake device and elevator hoist

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JP2005132506A (en) * 2003-10-28 2005-05-26 Mitsubishi Electric Corp Brake device for elevator winding machine

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP7031776B1 (en) * 2021-04-09 2022-03-08 三菱電機株式会社 Brake device and elevator hoist

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