WO2017118402A1 - 一种航空喷雾植保防倾荡药箱 - Google Patents

一种航空喷雾植保防倾荡药箱 Download PDF

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WO2017118402A1
WO2017118402A1 PCT/CN2017/070365 CN2017070365W WO2017118402A1 WO 2017118402 A1 WO2017118402 A1 WO 2017118402A1 CN 2017070365 W CN2017070365 W CN 2017070365W WO 2017118402 A1 WO2017118402 A1 WO 2017118402A1
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Prior art keywords
rolling plate
liquid
plant protection
gap
container
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English (en)
French (fr)
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董立立
管贤平
孙宏伟
杨洪涛
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Jiangsu University
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Jiangsu University
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D90/00—Component parts, details or accessories for large containers
    • B65D90/52—Anti-slosh devices
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D47/00—Closures with filling and discharging, or with discharging, devices
    • B65D47/04—Closures with discharging devices other than pumps
    • B65D47/06—Closures with discharging devices other than pumps with pouring spouts or tubes; with discharge nozzles or passages
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D51/00—Closures not otherwise provided for
    • B65D51/16—Closures not otherwise provided for with means for venting air or gas
    • B65D51/1605—Closures not otherwise provided for with means for venting air or gas whereby the interior of the container is maintained in permanent gaseous communication with the exterior
    • B65D51/1616—Closures not otherwise provided for with means for venting air or gas whereby the interior of the container is maintained in permanent gaseous communication with the exterior by means of a filter
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D88/00—Large containers
    • B65D88/02—Large containers rigid
    • B65D88/06—Large containers rigid cylindrical
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D2547/00—Closures with filling and discharging, or with discharging, devices
    • B65D2547/04—Closures with discharging devices other than pumps
    • B65D2547/06—Closures with discharging devices other than pumps with pouring spouts ot tubes; with discharge nozzles or passages

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery, and relates to an aviation spray plant protection anti-dumping medicine box, which is mainly applied to aviation spray plant protection.
  • the agricultural aviation spray technology is an operation technology that uses the aircraft and its onboard equipment to apply the spray to the target area.
  • the aircraft's aeronautical altitude, the tilting of the liquid, the meteorological conditions, and the atomization performance of the working equipment are all applied to the spray effect.
  • the technology has been carried out earlier in foreign countries and is applied more maturely.
  • the Germans first proposed the use of aircraft to spray chemicals to control forest pests.
  • the United States succeeded in combating pasture pests with biplane sprays.
  • the modified type of JN-6 military aircraft was used to spray cotton.
  • the Soviet Union used the aircraft to spray pesticides to extinguish the mites.
  • Aviation spray is the earliest aircraft operation project and main operation mode in China. Compared with ground spray operation, it has the characteristics of fast, high efficiency, flexibility and strong assault. It shows in the field of aviation plant protection, aviation fertilization and sanitation and epidemic prevention. The role of substitution.
  • China's annual use of aviation spray to control crop diseases and insect pests covers an area of more than 700,000 hm 2 , the area of grassland pests and diseases is 54-700,000 hm 2 , and wheat leaf fertilization is more than 1.4 million hm 2 .
  • Unmanned helicopters have high automation, safe operation, reduced pollution, and low operating costs.
  • Aviation plant protection with helicopters is the main development direction of plant protection technology in the future. Research shows that aviation plant protection operations can be completed quickly and efficiently The prevention and control of pests and diseases, especially the timely and effective prevention and control of large-scale explosive pests; at the same time, it is not restricted by geographical factors, regardless of mountainous areas or plains, paddy fields or dry fields, especially for surface machinery such as tidal flats and swamps.
  • the entering areas can smoothly and efficiently complete the tasks; compared with the ground machinery field operations, the aircraft operations also have the advantages of reducing operating costs, leaving no marks and damage to crops. However, it uses ultra-low-altitude flight, which is 5-7m away from the crop canopy.
  • the obstacles around the field such as wires, poles and trees, cause flight safety problems.
  • the air spray droplet release site is higher, which has higher requirements on the flight quality of the aircraft. If the spray of the liquid in the spray operation will greatly affect the flight performance of the aircraft, the spray droplets will be sprayed.
  • the spectrum is wide and the target is poor. Some small droplets can drift to several kilometers away, which is very likely to cause pollution.
  • the utility model patent of CN201633924 U discloses an unmanned helicopter spraying device, which is provided with a vertical anti-vibration plate in the medicine box, and divides the inner chamber of the medicine box into a mutually connected chamber to prevent the inside of the medicine box.
  • the medicine box vibrates with the helicopter.
  • the present invention provides an aviation spray plant protection anti-dumping medicine box to prevent the tilting and oscillating of the liquid medicine during the air spray operation, and improve the flight quality and operation of the aircraft during the spray operation.
  • Reliability improve aviation spray operation efficiency and pesticide utilization rate, reduce plant protection cost and dosage, improve the application level of aviation plant protection in China, meet the development needs of modern precision agriculture, and reduce environmental pollution.
  • the present invention achieves the above technical objects by the following technical means.
  • An air spray plant protection anti-slip medicine box comprising: a box body, a box cover, and an anti-rolling plate, wherein the bottom surface of the box body is provided with a plurality of upwardly extending guiding columns, and the density of the anti-rolling plate Lower than the density of the liquid medicine, the anti-rolling plate is provided with a plurality of through holes and radial slits, and the anti-rolling plate is mounted on the guiding column through the through holes, the anti-rolling plate and the inner wall of the box There is a gap between the through hole and the guide post for sliding clearance; the cover is detachably sealed on the case, and the cover is provided with an intake hole and a pipette.
  • the structure of the liquid suction pipe on the tank cover is simpler than that of the liquid suction pipe 3 at the bottom of the bottom, the pipette path is short, and it is not easy to be entangled and rubbed during the spraying operation, and is not easy to be damaged; The effect of the remaining liquid is better than that of the pipette below the bottom, and the drug solution can be fully utilized.
  • the slit is a slot slit
  • the width thereof is preferably 1-2 mm
  • the slot slot is in a unit time.
  • the liquid flow rate is 1.2-1.4 times the amount of the liquid spray applied during the spraying operation.
  • the one-side gap between the anti-rolling plate and the inner wall of the casing is preferably 0.5-1 mm, and the single-side gap between the through hole and the guiding column is preferably 0.3-0.7 mm.
  • the anti-rolling plate is further provided with a pipette hole, and the pipette passes through the tank cover, the pipette hole on the anti-rolling plate, extends to the bottom of the box body, and the pipette hole
  • the one-sided gap with the pipette is larger than the gap between the guide post and the through hole.
  • a plurality of suction holes are formed in the sidewall of the bottom end of the pipette.
  • a bottom groove is disposed on a bottom surface of the box body, and a bottom end of the liquid suction tube is located in the center groove.
  • the bottom surface of the box has a plurality of radial grooves communicating with the central groove, and the depth of the central groove is greater than the depth of the radial groove.
  • the air spray plant protection anti-slip medicine box according to the present invention has an anti-rolling plate which is parallel to the bottom surface and has a density less than the liquid medicine in the tank body, so that the anti-rolling plate floats on the surface of the liquid medicine at the moment, with the liquid medicine It can be freely lowered with the liquid surface to prevent the tilting and oscillating of the liquid.
  • the medicine box is shaken or tilted, the liquid medicine will oscillate or tilt, which will cause the anti-rolling plate to have a tendency to oscillate with the liquid surface; Since the anti-rolling plate is mounted on the vertical guiding column, it cannot be shaken greatly by the limitation of the guiding column.
  • the anti-rolling plate In the spraying operation, when the liquid medicine is tilted or shaken, the anti-rolling plate exerts an opposing force on the oscillating or tilting liquid medicine by the reaction force of the guiding column to prevent the tilting and shaking of the liquid medicine.
  • the anti-rolling plate weakens the inclination and oscillation of the liquid medicine by the reaction force of the guiding column on the one hand; on the other hand, the anti-rolling plate is provided with a slit to overflow the obliquely oscillating liquid medicine.
  • a part of the liquid medicine overflows from the gap on the anti-vibration plate to the anti-rolling plate part, and prevents the chemical liquid from exerting an excessive impact force on the anti-rolling plate to avoid causing the second pouring and damage of the liquid medicine to guide the column.
  • the gap allows air to enter, so that the liquid medicine can be fully supplied, and the liquid medicine can be reduced in the tank, the utilization rate of the liquid medicine can be improved, and environmental pollution can be reduced.
  • the area of the anti-rolling plate is only slightly smaller than the cross-sectional area of the box body, it is also possible to prevent the liquid medicine from splashing, thereby reducing the influence of the inclination or shock of the liquid medicine in the medicine box on the balance of the aircraft. Improve the flight quality and application quality of air spray, reduce the amount of medication and environmental pollution.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing the structure of an aviation spray plant protection anti-slip medicine box according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing the structure of the anti-rolling plate.
  • Figure 3 is a structural view of the cover.
  • Fig. 4 is a structural view showing an embodiment of the casing.
  • the aviation spray plant protection anti-slip medicine box of the present invention comprises a box body 1, a box cover 4 and an anti-rolling plate 2.
  • the bottom surface of the casing 1 is provided with a plurality of upwardly extending guiding columns 11 for fixing the anti-rolling plate 2;
  • the box cover 4 is detachably sealed on the casing 1 by bolts or the like, and the casing cover 4 is provided with
  • the air hole 41 and the air inlet hole 41 are provided with a filter.
  • the anti-rolling plate 2 is provided with a plurality of through holes 21 and a radial slit 22, the number of the through holes 21 being equal to the number of the guiding columns 11, and the anti-rolling plate 2 passing through the through holes 21 is mounted on the guide post 11.
  • the density of the anti-rolling plate 2 is lower than the density of the liquid medicine, so that the anti-rolling plate 2 always floats on the liquid level of the liquid medicine.
  • the one-side gap between the anti-rolling plate 2 and the inner wall of the casing 1 is preferably 0.5-1 mm, the anti-rolling plate 2 is allowed to slide freely along the inner wall of the casing 1 and seal the liquid medicine when the aircraft is tilted.
  • the through hole 21 and the guide post 11 have a sliding clearance fit, and the single side gap is preferably 0.3-0.7 mm, so that the anti-rolling plate 2 can freely slide along the guide post 11.
  • the number of the slits 22 may be plural, the width of the slit 22 is 1-2 mm, and the slit 22 should be as small as possible, but the liquid flow rate per unit time of the slit 22 should be satisfied as 1.2 to the spraying amount of the chemical liquid during the spraying operation. 1.4 times to ensure adequate supply of liquid medicine during aviation application.
  • the invention provides the anti-rolling plate 2 floating on the surface of the liquid medicine at the time when the medicine box is shaken or tilted by providing the anti-rolling plate 2 which is parallel to the bottom surface and has a density smaller than the liquid medicine in the casing 1.
  • the liquid oscillates or tilts, so that the anti-rolling plate has a tendency to sway or oscillate with the liquid; meanwhile, since the anti-rolling plate 2 is mounted on the vertical guiding column 11, the limitation of the guiding column 11 cannot be greatly shaken.
  • the anti-rolling plate 2 exerts an opposing force on the oscillating or tilting liquid medicine by means of the reaction force of the guiding column 11, and prevents the tilting and shaking of the liquid medicine.
  • the anti-rolling plate 2 weakens the inclination and oscillation of the liquid medicine by the reaction force of the guiding column on the one hand; on the other hand, the anti-rolling plate 2 is provided with a slit 22 for the obliquely oscillating liquid medicine
  • the overflowing action causes a part of the chemical liquid to overflow from the gap 22 of the shockproof plate to the upper part of the anti-rolling plate 2, thereby preventing the chemical liquid from exerting an excessive impact force on the anti-rolling plate 2, so as to avoid causing the chemical liquid to be twice
  • the gap can allow air to enter, so that the chemical liquid can be fully supplied, and the chemical liquid can be reduced in the tank, the utilization rate of the liquid medicine can be improved, and environmental pollution can be reduced.
  • the liquid medicine overflowing to the anti-tilt can be returned to the lower gap of the anti-rolling plate 2 through the slit 22.
  • the area of the plate 2 is only slightly smaller than the cross-sectional area of the casing 1. Therefore, it is also possible to prevent the liquid medicine from splashing, thereby reducing the influence of the inclination or shock of the liquid medicine in the medicine box on the balance of the aircraft, and improving the aviation spray. Flight quality and application quality, reducing the amount of medication and environmental pollution.
  • the liquid suction pipe 3 of the medicine box is introduced into the interior of the casing 1 through the tank cover 4, and a liquid suction pipe hole 23 is further provided on the anti-rolling plate 2, and the liquid suction pipe is provided.
  • 3 passes through the tank cover 4, the pipette hole 23 on the anti-rolling plate 2, and extends to the bottom of the casing 1.
  • the gap between the pipette hole 23 and the pipette 3 is larger than the gap between the guide post 11 and the through hole 21 to prevent the anti-rolling plate 2
  • the pipette 3 is damaged during the process of preventing the liquid from pouring.
  • a plurality of suction holes are formed in the side wall of the bottom end of the liquid suction pipe 3 to ensure smooth suction of the liquid medicine and sufficient supply of the liquid medicine in the aviation spray operation.
  • a central groove is arranged on the bottom surface of the box body 1 so that the bottom end of the liquid suction tube 3 is located in the center groove, and at the same time, several openings are connected to the center groove.
  • the radial groove 12 ensures that the depth of the central groove is greater than the depth of the radial groove 12.
  • the liquid medicine distributed around the bottom of the tank can be collected into the center groove through the radial groove 12, so as to ensure that the liquid medicine is sufficiently sucked away by the spray pipette to avoid wasting the liquid medicine and pollution.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
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Abstract

一种航空喷雾植保防倾荡药箱，包括箱体(1)、箱盖(4)、防倾荡板(2)，箱体底面设置有数个导向柱(11)，防倾荡板的密度低于药液的密度，防倾荡板上设置有数个通孔(21)和径向缝隙(22)，防倾荡板通过通孔安装在导向柱上，防倾荡板与箱体内壁之间存在间隙，通孔(21)与导向柱(11)间为滑动导向的间隙配合；箱盖(4)设置有出液孔和气孔，可拆卸的密封在箱体上。防倾荡板(2)浮于药液表面，当药液发生震荡或倾斜，防倾荡板借助导向柱的反作用力保持药液不发生震荡或倾斜，不仅能够保持药液药箱重心的稳定，而且削弱药液的震荡、防止药液四溅，从而在喷雾作业过程中减小药箱内的药液倾斜或震荡对飞机平衡性的影响，保证和提高航空喷雾作业的质量和效率。

Description

一种航空喷雾植保防倾荡药箱 技术领域
本发明属于农业机械技术领域，涉及一种航空喷雾植保防倾荡药箱，主要应用于航空喷雾植物保护。
背景技术
农业航空喷雾技术是利用航空器及其机载设备将喷施物应用于靶标区的作业技术，航空器的航高航速、药液倾斜震荡、以及气象条件、作业设备雾化性能等均对喷施效果有着较大影响。该技术在国外开展得比较早，应用得比较成熟。1911年德国人最早提出用飞机喷撒化学药剂，以控制森林害虫的计划。1918年美国用双翼飞机喷药防治牧草害虫取得成功。1922年用JN-6军用飞机的改良型喷洒棉花，同年前苏联用飞机喷洒农药扑灭了蝗虫。第二次世界大战后，各种杀虫剂、杀菌剂和除草剂大量问世，要求用高效能的喷洒机具来满足植物保护工作的需要，同时大量军用飞机和驾驶员转向农业，促使农业航空迅速发展。美国1949年开始研制专门用于农业的农用飞机，20世纪50年代开始设计制造多用途农业飞机，50年代末，直升机也加入农业航空行列，是目前世界上应用航空喷雾技术最发达的国家，也是最为成熟的国家。农用航空作业项目除了飞机播种、施肥、施农药外，还包括人工降雨、森林灭火、空气清洁、杀灭病菌等。
航空喷雾在我国是开展最早的飞机作业项目和主要作业方式，与地面喷雾作业相比，具有快速、高效、灵活、突击性强等特点，在航空植保、航空施肥和卫生防疫等领域显示了不可替代的作用。近年来，我国每年使用航空喷雾防治农作物病虫害面积达70多万hm2，防治草原虫害面积54～70万hm2，小麦叶面施肥140多万hm2，截至2012年底，其飞行作业时间近40000h，在通用航空作业项目中居第三位，航空喷雾为我国农林业发展和农业现代化建设做出了重要贡献。随着我国植保技术精细化发展趋势与要求，目前农业航空喷雾技术正由常量喷雾向低容量和超低容量的转变，由单一作业向综合作业延伸，由粗放作业向精准作业的发展。精准施药技术是在航空喷雾作业时，通过SSM中不同区域(较小的面积单元)所需的农药制剂、肥料用量，进行变量喷施。实施精准施药、提高作业效率、降低环境污染，是今后航空喷雾技术发展的重要方向。
无人直升机自动化程度高、操控安全、减少污染、运行成本低，借助直升机等进行航空植保是未来植保技术的主要发展方向。研究表明，航空植保作业能快速高效地完成 病虫草害的防治，特别是能及时有效地防治大面积爆发性有害生物灾害；同时，它不受地理因素的制约，无论山区或平原、水田还是旱田，特别是对于滩涂、沼泽等地面机械难以进入的地域，都可顺利高效的完成作业任务；与地面机械田间作业相比，飞机作业还有降低作业成本、不会留下辙印和损坏农作物等优点。但其作业时采用超低空飞行，距作物冠层5～7m，田间周边障碍物如电线、电杆、树木等影响，引起飞行安全问题。另一方面，航空喷雾雾滴释放位点较高，对飞机的飞行质量有较高的要求，如果喷雾作业中药液的倾荡将极大影响飞机的飞行性能，而使喷出的雾滴谱宽、对靶性差，部分细小的雾滴可飘移至数公里以外，极易造成污染。
因此，在航空喷雾植保作业中，由于飞机转向或因需保持距作物冠层一定距离，药箱中的药液会因此发生倾斜或震荡，影响直升机飞行的平稳性和安全性，并严重影响喷雾的质量和施药的精准性。公告号为CN201633924 U的实用新型专利公开了一种无人直升机喷洒装置，在药箱内装有竖直的防震板，将药箱内腔分隔成连个相互连通的腔室，以防止药箱内的药箱随直升机飞机而振动。虽然该实用新型专利中所述的结构能在一定程度上防止药箱内药液大幅度的震荡，但是并不能很好的防止药箱内药液的倾斜，即不能解决药液倾斜对直升飞机造成的不平衡问题。
发明内容
针对当前航空喷雾现有技术中存在的不足，本发明提供了一种航空喷雾植保防倾荡药箱，防止航空喷雾作业过程中药液的倾斜和震荡，提高喷雾作业时飞机的飞行质量和作业可靠性，提高航空喷雾作业效率和农药利用率，降低植保成本和用药量，并提高我国航空植保应用水平，满足现代精准农业的发展需要，减少环境污染。
本发明是通过以下技术手段实现上述技术目的的。
一种航空喷雾植保防倾荡药箱，其特征在于，包括箱体、箱盖、防倾荡板，所述箱体底面上设置有数个向上延伸的导向柱，所述防倾荡板的密度低于药液的密度，所述防倾荡板上设置有数个通孔和径向的缝隙，所述防倾荡板通过通孔装在所述导向柱上，防倾荡板与箱体内壁之间存在间隙，通孔与导向柱之间为滑动间隙配合；箱盖可拆卸的密封在箱体上，箱盖上设有进气孔和吸液管。吸液管位于箱盖上的结构与吸液管3位于底部四周相比，结构简单，吸液管路径较短，在喷雾作业过程中不易被缠绕和绊触，也不易损伤；此外，吸走剩余药液的效果也更优于吸液管位于底部下方的好，更能使药液充分利用。
进一步地，所述缝隙为槽口缝隙时，其宽度最好为1-2mm、且槽口缝隙单位时间内 的液体流量为喷雾作业时药液喷施量的1.2-1.4倍。
进一步地，所述防倾荡板与箱体内壁间的单边间隙最好为0.5-1mm，所述通孔与导向柱之间的单边间隙最好为0.3-0.7mm。
进一步地，所述防倾荡板上还设有一个吸液管孔，所述吸液管穿过箱盖、防倾荡板上的吸液管孔、延伸至箱体底部，吸液管孔与吸液管之间的单边间隙大于导向柱与通孔之间的间隙。
进一步地，所述吸液管底端侧壁上开有多个吸孔。
进一步地，所述箱体底面上设有中心凹槽，所述吸液管底端位于所述中心凹槽内。
进一步地，所述箱体底面上还有数个与所述中心凹槽连通的径向凹槽，所述中心凹槽的深度大于径向凹槽的深度。
本发明所述的航空喷雾植保防倾荡药箱，通过在箱体内设置与底面平行、且密度小于药液的防倾荡板，使防倾荡板时刻漂浮在药液表面上，随药液使用而随液面自由下降，以阻止药液的倾斜和震荡，当药箱受到震动或发生倾斜时，药液发生震荡或倾斜，会导致防倾荡板具有随液面晃动震荡的趋势；同时，由于防倾荡板安装在竖直的导向柱上，受导向柱的限制不能大幅度晃动。在喷雾作业中，当药液倾斜或震荡晃动时，防倾荡板借助导向柱的反作用力，对震荡或倾斜的药液产生相反的作用力，以阻止药液的倾斜及晃动震荡。在防倾荡过程中，防倾荡板一方面借助导向柱的反作用力削弱药液的倾斜和震荡；另一方面，防倾荡板上设置有缝隙，对倾斜震荡的药液起溢流作用，使一部分药液从防震板上的缝隙溢流到防倾荡板上部，防止药液对防倾荡板产生过大的冲击作用力，以避免造成药液的二次倾荡和损伤导向柱；此外，缝隙可使空气进入，从而可使药液得到充分供给，还可减少药液残留于箱体，提高药液的利用率、减少环境污染。药箱恢复原状态时，溢流到防倾荡上面的药液可经缝隙回流至防倾荡板下部。此外，由于防倾荡板的面积仅略小于箱体的横截面面积，因此，还能防止药液四溅，从而起到减小药箱内的药液倾斜或震荡对飞机平衡性的影响，提高航空喷雾的飞行质量和施药质量，减少用药量和环境污染。
附图说明
图1为本发明所述航空喷雾植保防倾荡药箱的结构示意图。
图2为所述防倾荡板结构示意图。
图3为所述箱盖的结构图。
图4为所述箱体一种实施例的结构图。
附图标记说明如下：
1-箱体，2-防倾荡板，3-吸液管，4-箱盖，11-导向柱，12-径向凹槽，21-通孔，22-缝隙，23-吸液管孔，41-进气孔。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图以及具体实施例对本发明作进一步的说明，但本发明的保护范围并不限于此。
如图1所示，本发明所述的航空喷雾植保防倾荡药箱，包括箱体1、箱盖4、防倾荡板2。所述箱体1底面上设置有数个向上延伸的导向柱11，用于固定防倾荡板2；箱盖4通过螺栓等方式可拆卸的密封在箱体1上，箱盖4上设有进气孔41，进气孔41内装有过滤网。如图2所示，所述防倾荡板2上设置有数个通孔21和径向的缝隙22，通孔21的数量与导向柱11的数量相等，所述防倾荡板2通过通孔21装在所述导向柱11上。所述防倾荡板2的密度低于药液的密度，使防倾荡板2始终漂浮在药液液面上。为了使防倾荡板2能随药液使用而随液面自由下降，进而起到阻止药液的倾斜和震荡，防倾荡板2与箱体1内壁之间的单边间隙为最好为0.5-1mm，使防倾荡板2能够沿箱体1的内壁自由滑动并在飞机倾斜时对药液密封。同时，通孔21与导向柱11之间为滑动间隙配合，单边间隙最好为0.3-0.7mm，使防倾荡板2能够沿导向柱11自由导向滑动。所述缝隙22的数量也可以是多个，缝隙22的宽度为1-2mm，缝隙22应尽量小，但应满足缝隙22单位时间内的液体流量为喷雾作业时药液喷施量的1.2～1.4倍，以保障航空施药时药液的充分供给。
本发明通过在箱体1内设置与底面平行、且密度小于药液的防倾荡板2，使防倾荡板2时刻漂浮在药液表面上，当药箱受到震动或发生倾斜时，药液就发生震荡或倾斜，使防倾荡板具有随药液晃动或震荡的趋势；同时，由于防倾荡板2装在竖直的导向柱11上，受导向柱11的限制不能大幅度晃动，防倾荡板2则借助于导向柱11的反作用力，对震荡或倾斜的药液产生相反的作用力，阻止药液的倾斜及晃动震荡。在防倾荡过程中，防倾荡板2一方面借助导向柱的反作用力削弱药液的倾斜和震荡；另一方面，防倾荡板2上设置有缝隙22，对倾斜震荡的药液起溢流作用，使一部分药液从防震板上的缝隙22溢流到防倾荡板2上部，防止药液对防倾荡板2产生过大的冲击作用力，以避免造成药液的二次倾荡和损伤导向柱；此外，缝隙可使空气进入，从而可使药液得到充分供给，还可减少药液残留于箱体，提高药液的利用率、减少环境污染。药箱恢复原状态时，溢流到防倾荡上面的药液可经缝隙22回流至防倾荡板2下部缝隙。另一方面，由于防倾荡 板2的面积仅略小于箱体1的横截面面积，因此，还能防止药液四溅，从而起到减小药箱内的药液倾斜或震荡对飞机平衡性的影响，提高航空喷雾的飞行质量和施药质量，减少用药量和环境污染。
实施例
如图2、图3所示，药箱的吸液管3通过箱盖4引入箱体1内部，在所述防倾荡板2上还设有一个吸液管孔23，所述吸液管3穿过箱盖4、防倾荡板2上的吸液管孔23、延伸至箱体1底部。为了防止防倾荡板2晃动时对吸液管3的碰撞，吸液管孔23与吸液管3间的间隙大于导向柱11与通孔21之间的间隙，以防止防倾荡板2在阻止药液倾荡过程中损伤吸液管3。
进一步地，所述吸液管3底端侧壁上开有多个吸孔，以保障药液的顺利吸入和航空喷雾作业中药液的充分供给。为使药液得到充分利用，在所述箱体1底面上设有中心凹槽，使吸液管3底端位于所述中心凹槽内，同时，还开设数个与所述中心凹槽连通的径向凹槽12，且保证所述中心凹槽的深度大于径向凹槽12的深度。当药液量剩余较少时，分布在箱底各处的药液能通过径向凹槽12汇集到中心凹槽内，以保证药液被喷雾吸液管充分吸走，避免浪费药液和污染环境，并减少人工清理药箱残夜的不便。
所述实施例为本发明的优选的实施方式，但本发明并不限于上述实施方式，在不背离本发明的实质内容的情况下，本领域人员能够做出的任何显而易见的改进、替换或变型均属于本发明的保护范围。

Claims (8)

  1. 一种航空喷雾植保防倾荡药箱，其特征在于：包括箱体(1)、防倾荡板(2)、箱盖(4)，所述箱体(1)底面上设置有数个向上延伸的导向柱(11)，所述防倾荡板(2)的密度低于药液的密度，所述防倾荡板(2)上设置有数个通孔(21)和径向的缝隙(22)，所述防倾荡板(2)通过通孔(21)装在所述导向柱(11)上，防倾荡板(2)与箱体(1)内壁之间存在间隙，通孔(21)与导向柱(11)之间为滑动导向的间隙配合；箱盖(4)可拆卸的密封在箱体(1)上，箱盖(4)上设有进气孔(41)和吸液管(3)。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的航空喷雾植保防倾荡药箱，其特征在于：所述防倾荡板(2)上设有数个缝隙(22)，缝隙(22)单位时间内的液体流量须大于药液喷施作业流量，满足航空喷雾作业的需求。
  3. 根据权利要求1、2所述的航空喷雾植保防倾荡药箱，其特征在于：所述防倾荡板(2)上的缝隙(22)多个槽口缝隙，或者为多个小圆孔。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的航空喷雾植保防倾荡药箱，其特征在于：所述防倾荡板(2)与箱体(1)内壁间有间隙，但其间隙应能保证当箱体(1)中的药液倾斜、震荡时，应能对药液起到密封作用；所述通孔(21)与导向柱(11)有间隙，为滑动间隙配合，其间隙应能保证在箱体(1)中的药液倾斜、震荡时，应能及时反作用于防倾荡板(2)，使防倾荡板(2)能够阻止药液的倾斜和震荡。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的航空喷雾植保防倾荡药箱，其特征在于：所述防倾荡板(2)上还设有一个吸液管孔(23)，所述吸液管(3)穿过箱盖(4)、防倾荡板(2)上的吸液管孔(23)、延伸至箱体(1)底部，吸液管孔与吸液管之间的单边间隙大于导向柱(11)与通孔(21)之间的间隙。
  6. 根据权利要求4所述的航空喷雾植保防倾荡药箱，其特征在于：所述吸液管(3)底端侧壁上开有多个吸孔。
  7. 根据权利要求4或5所述的航空喷雾植保防倾荡药箱，其特征在于：所述箱体(1)底面中心设有中心凹槽，所述吸液管(3)底端位于所述中心凹槽内。
  8. 根据权利要求6所述的航空喷雾植保防倾荡药箱，其特征在于：所述箱体(1)底面上还有数个与所述中心凹槽连通的径向凹槽(12)，所述中心凹槽的深度大于径向凹槽(12)的深度。
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