WO2017114437A1 - 一种在硅橡胶试片表面定量、均匀地附着藻类的方法 - Google Patents

一种在硅橡胶试片表面定量、均匀地附着藻类的方法 Download PDF

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WO2017114437A1
WO2017114437A1 PCT/CN2016/112796 CN2016112796W WO2017114437A1 WO 2017114437 A1 WO2017114437 A1 WO 2017114437A1 CN 2016112796 W CN2016112796 W CN 2016112796W WO 2017114437 A1 WO2017114437 A1 WO 2017114437A1
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silicone rubber
test piece
algae
rubber test
container
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PCT/CN2016/112796
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English (en)
French (fr)
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贾志东
王也
欧阳小刚
杨世芳
刘芮彤
范维
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清华大学深圳研究生院
国网辽宁省电力有限公司电力科学研究院
国家电网公司
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Publication of WO2017114437A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017114437A1/zh

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
    • G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
    • G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
    • G01N1/2813—Producing thin layers of samples on a substrate, e.g. smearing, spinning-on

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  • the present invention relates to high voltage and insulation techniques, and more particularly to a method for quantitatively and uniformly attaching algae to the surface of a silicone rubber test piece.
  • Silicone rubber materials play an important role in the field of high voltage external insulation because of their outstanding hydrophobic properties.
  • the composite insulator made of silicone rubber material is very common. Its function is to suspend the wire to ensure reliable insulation between the high-potential wire and the low-potential pole.
  • the surface of the pillar insulator is also widely sprayed at room temperature. Vulcanized silicone rubber (RTV) material.
  • the surface of the silicone rubber material is a hydrophobic surface, which significantly improves the insulation reliability.
  • the surface of RTV coatings with composite insulators and insulating pillars has the phenomenon of growing algae. Field tests have found that the growth of algae can damage the hydrophobicity of the surface of the material and reduce its insulation reliability.
  • HC classification method There are two main methods for studying the surface water repellency of insulating materials: HC classification method and contact angle method.
  • the HC classification method is mostly used, and this method is mostly used for on-site measurement of the overall hydrophobicity of the insulator, and relies on the subjective judgment of the measurer.
  • the contact angle method can quantitatively and quantitatively analyze the hydrophobic condition on the surface of the insulating material.
  • the object to be tested is usually required to be planar, and the substance attached to the surface of the insulating material is required to be as uniform as possible, so it is mostly used for laboratory research.
  • the contact angle method is the preferred method to study the effect of algae on the surface water repellency of insulating materials.
  • the algae is quantitatively and uniformly attached to the surface of the insulating material test piece, while the laboratory culture algae uses liquid medium, if simple The algae is dropped on the surface of the hydrophobic silicone rubber material, and the algae liquid will exhibit the form of separated water droplets, which cannot form a uniform surface and does not meet the requirements of contact angle measurement.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is that a method for quantitatively and uniformly attaching algae on the surface of a silicone rubber test piece is proposed, and the silicone rubber test piece obtained by the method can be directly used for measuring the surface hydrophobicity by the contact angle method. Performance, and then quantitatively and systematically study the effect of algae on the hydrophobic properties of silicone rubber surfaces.
  • a method for quantitatively and uniformly attaching algae to a surface of a silicone rubber test piece comprising the steps of:
  • the volume of the algae added in the step (2) is calculated by the following formula:
  • V represents the volume of the added algae
  • A represents the algal cell density on the surface of the silicone rubber test piece
  • C represents the density of the algal cells in the algal solution
  • S represents the upper surface area of the silicone rubber test piece or the inner surface area of the bottom surface of the container .
  • the silicone rubber test piece has a thickness of from 1 mm to 5 mm.
  • the predetermined silicone rubber test piece has a surface algae cell density of not less than 2 ⁇ 10 7 /cm 2 in the step (2).
  • the container is a cylinder or a cube.
  • the material of the container is a colorless transparent glass.
  • the algal cell density of the algal fluid in the step (2) is calculated by counting the blood cell counting plate.
  • the beneficial effects of the present invention in comparison with the prior art include: the algae can be quantitatively and uniformly attached to the surface of the silicone rubber test piece by the method of the present invention, and the silicone rubber test piece obtained by the method can be directly used for measuring the contact angle method.
  • the hydrophobic properties of the surface through uniform and different quantitative adhesion, can systematically study the effect of algae on the hydrophobic properties of the silicone rubber surface, so that the overall performance of the insulator can be accurately determined when testing the hydrophobic properties of the insulator surface in the field.
  • the effect of algae on the performance of the hydrophobic performance test can be quantitatively and uniformly attached to the surface of the silicone rubber test piece by the method of the present invention, and the silicone rubber test piece obtained by the method can be directly used for measuring the contact angle method.
  • Figure 1 is a front elevational view showing a silicone rubber test piece placed in a container in a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • the invention provides a method for quantitatively and uniformly attaching algae on the surface of a silicone rubber test piece.
  • the method comprises the following steps:
  • the volume of algae added in step (2) is calculated by:
  • V represents the volume of algae added, and the unit can be set to mL
  • A represents the density of algal cells on the surface of the silicone rubber test piece, and the unit can be set to /cm 2
  • C represents the density of algal cells in the algae solution, and the unit can be set to /mL
  • S represents the upper surface area of the silicone rubber test piece or the inner surface area of the bottom surface of the container, and the unit can be set to cm 2 .
  • a method for quantitatively and uniformly attaching algae to a surface of a silicone rubber test piece comprising the steps of:
  • the cultured algae droplets are made into a counting plate on the blood cell counting plate, the specific process is: covering the upper counting area of the blood cell counting plate with a cover glass, After the algae liquid is evenly shaken, a small amount of algae liquid is sucked up by a plastic pipe dropper, and dripped in the drip groove of the blood cell counting plate, and the algae liquid will infiltrate the counting area by the action of the liquid tension, and the loading is completed. Then, it was moved to an optical microscope to observe the count, and the reference magnification was: a 16-fold eyepiece and a 40-fold objective lens.
  • the density C of the algal cells in the algae liquid can be converted by the total number of algae cells (unit/mL, that is, the number of algae cells contained per mL of the algae liquid).
  • the density of algae cells in the algae solution was calculated to be 1.5 ⁇ 10 7 /ml using the chlorella cultured in the BG11 liquid medium.
  • the method provided in this step is a blood cell counting plate method, but is not limited to this method.
  • FIG. 1 is a front view showing the silicone rubber test piece 1 placed in the container 2.
  • the container is a cylinder (in practice, it is not limited to this shape, and may be a cube, etc.), silicone rubber test.
  • the sheet 1 is circular, and D is the diameter of the silicone rubber test piece 1 (due to the small gap ⁇ between the silicone rubber test piece and the inside of the container, D can also be regarded as the inner diameter of the container 2), in this example, D is 10 cm; d is the thickness of the silicone rubber test piece, preferably within 1 mm to 5 mm, and in this example, the thickness d is 2 mm.
  • the material of the preferred container is a colorless transparent glass, so that the algae are less likely to adhere to the inner wall of the container and the algae adhesion is easily observed, thereby reducing the quantitative error.
  • the density of algae cells on the surface of the predetermined silicone rubber test piece is preferably not less than 2 ⁇ 10 7 /cm 2 , and in this example, calculated by 2 ⁇ 10 7 /cm 2 , the volume of the added algae liquid is used. Calculated by:
  • V represents the volume of the added algae
  • A represents the algal cell density on the surface of the silicone rubber test piece
  • C represents the density of the algal cells in the algal solution
  • S represents the upper surface area of the silicone rubber test piece or the inner surface area of the bottom surface of the container .
  • the volume is:
  • D 10 cm
  • A 2 ⁇ 10 7 / cm 2
  • C 1.5 ⁇ 10 7 / ml
  • V 314 mL, that is, 314 mL of algae solution was added to the container.
  • the container with the added algae liquid is placed in a ventilated and dry place, so that the upper surface of the silicone rubber test piece and the liquid surface of the algae liquid are kept horizontal, and after the algae liquid is dried, the silicone rubber test piece is in the whole drying process.
  • the liquid level of the upper surface and the algae liquid is always kept horizontal, and a silicone rubber test piece in which the algae is quantitatively and uniformly adhered is obtained.
  • it is predetermined to attach 2 ⁇ 10 7 /cm 2 of algae cells to the silicone rubber test piece. After taking out the silicone rubber test piece, it is observed that there is almost no algae (green) residue on the wall of the container, indicating that it is added.
  • the algae liquid has been basically attached to the silicone rubber test piece, and the quantification is accurate and reliable.
  • the silicone rubber test piece to which the algae is attached is taken out, and the water repellency of the surface can be directly measured by the contact angle method.
  • different quantitative amounts of silicone rubber test pieces with algae attached can be obtained, so that the relationship between the amount of algae adhesion and the surface water repellency of the silicone rubber material can be measured.

Abstract

一种在硅橡胶试片表面定量、均匀地附着藻类的方法，包括如下步骤：（1）将硅橡胶试片放入一容器内并贴靠所述容器底面，所述硅橡胶试片的形状与所述容器底面的形状相同，且所述硅橡胶试片与所述容器侧壁之间的间隙在0.5mm以内；（2）根据预定的硅橡胶试片表面藻细胞密度，往所述容器内加入一定体积的已知藻细胞密度的藻液，加入的藻液的液面高于所述硅橡胶试片的上表面；（3）将所述硅橡胶试片的上表面和所述藻液的液面均保持水平，待所述藻液干燥后，得到定量、均匀地附着了藻类的硅橡胶试片。利用该方法得到的硅橡胶试片可以直接用接触角法测量其表面的憎水性，进而可以定量、系统地研究藻类附着对硅橡胶表面憎水性的影响。

Description

一种在硅橡胶试片表面定量、均匀地附着藻类的方法 技术领域
本发明涉及高电压与绝缘技术，特别是涉及一种在硅橡胶试片表面定量、均匀地附着藻类的方法。
背景技术
硅橡胶材料因为其突出的憎水性能而在高电压外绝缘领域发挥着十分重要的作用。高压输电线路中，用硅橡胶材料制作成的复合绝缘子十分常见，它的作用是悬挂导线，保证高电位的导线和低电位的杆塔之间可靠绝缘；在变电站内，支柱绝缘子表面也广泛喷涂室温硫化硅橡胶(RTV)材料。
硅橡胶材料的表面为憎水表面，显著提高了绝缘可靠性。但是在我国四川、云南、广西、湖南等温湿地区，复合绝缘子和绝缘支柱的RTV涂料表面有生长藻类的现象。现场测试发现，藻类的生长会破坏材料表面的憎水性，降低其绝缘可靠性。
研究绝缘材料表面憎水性的方法主要有两种：HC分级法和接触角法。国内外藻类相关问题的研究中，多采用HC分级法，且该方法多用于现场测定绝缘子的总体憎水情况，依赖测量者的主观判断。而接触角法能够客观、准确地定量分析绝缘材料表面的憎水情况，但对于被测对象通常要求其是平面状，并要求附着在绝缘材料表面的物质尽量均匀，因此多用于实验室研究。
接触角法是研究藻类对绝缘材料表面憎水性的影响规律的优选方法，但将藻类定量、均匀地附着在绝缘材料试片表面是问题的关键，而实验室培养藻类多用液体培养基，如果简单把藻液滴在憎水的硅橡胶材料表面，藻液会呈现出分离的水滴的形态，无法形成均匀的表面，不符合接触角测量的要求。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题是：提出了一种在硅橡胶试片表面定量、均匀地附着藻类的方法，利用该方法得到的硅橡胶试片可以直接用于接触角法测量其表面的憎水性能，进而定量、系统地研究藻类对于硅橡胶材料表面憎水性能的影响。
本发明的技术问题通过以下的技术方案予以解决：
一种在硅橡胶试片表面定量、均匀地附着藻类的方法，包括如下步骤：
(1)将硅橡胶试片放入一容器内并贴靠所述容器底面，所述硅橡胶试片的形状与 所述容器底面的形状相同，且所述硅橡胶试片与所述容器侧壁之间的间隙在0.5mm以内；
(2)根据预定的硅橡胶试片表面藻细胞密度，往所述容器内加入一定体积的已知藻细胞密度的藻液，加入的藻液的液面高于所述硅橡胶试片的上表面；
(3)将所述硅橡胶试片的上表面和所述藻液的液面均保持水平，待所述藻液干燥后，得到定量、均匀地附着了藻类的硅橡胶试片。
优选地，所述步骤(2)中加入的藻类的体积用下式计算：
Figure PCTCN2016112796-appb-000001
其中：V表示加入的藻类的体积；A表示硅橡胶试片表面藻细胞密度；C表示藻液中的藻细胞密度；S表示硅橡胶试片的上表面面积或者所述容器底面的内表面面积。
优选地，所述硅橡胶试片的厚度为1mm-5mm。
优选地，所述步骤(2)中预定的硅橡胶试片表面藻细胞密度不低于2×107个/cm2。
优选地，所述容器为圆柱体或者立方体。
优选地，所述容器的材料是无色透明玻璃。
优选地，所述步骤(2)中藻液的藻细胞密度通过血球计数板计数后计算得到。
本发明与现有技术对比的有益效果包括：通过本发明的方法可以在硅橡胶试片的表面定量且均匀地附着藻类，利用该方法得到的硅橡胶试片可以直接用于接触角法测量其表面的憎水性能，通过均匀地且不同的定量附着，可以系统地研究藻类对硅橡胶材料表面憎水性能的影响，从而可以在现场测试绝缘子表面的憎水性能时，准确地确定绝缘子的总体憎水性能测试结果中藻类对其的影响。
附图说明
图1是本发明一优选实施例中硅橡胶试片放入容器中后的正视示意图。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施方式并对照附图对本发明做进一步详细说明。
本发明提供一种在硅橡胶试片表面定量、均匀地附着藻类的方法，在具体实施方式中，包括如下步骤：
(1)将硅橡胶试片放入一容器内并贴靠所述容器底面，所述硅橡胶试片的形状与所述容器底面的形状相同，且所述硅橡胶试片与所述容器侧壁之间的间隙在0.5mm以内；
(2)根据预定的硅橡胶试片表面藻细胞密度，往所述容器内加入一定体积的已知 藻细胞密度的藻液，加入的藻液的液面高于所述硅橡胶试片的上表面；
(3)将所述硅橡胶试片的上表面和所述藻液的液面均保持水平，待所述藻液干燥后，得到定量、均匀地附着了藻类的硅橡胶试片。
在一些优选实施例中，步骤(2)中加入的藻类的体积用下式计算：
Figure PCTCN2016112796-appb-000002
其中：V表示加入的藻类的体积，单位可以设为mL；A表示硅橡胶试片表面藻细胞密度，单位可以设为个/cm2；C表示藻液中的藻细胞密度，单位可以设为个/mL；S表示硅橡胶试片的上表面面积或者所述容器底面的内表面面积，单位可以设为cm2。
以下通过一个具体的优选实施例对本发明做详细阐述。
一种在硅橡胶试片表面定量、均匀地附着藻类的方法，包括如下步骤：
S1，测量藻液中藻细胞的密度：将已培养好的藻液滴在血球计数板上制成计数装片，具体过程为：在血球计数板的上计数区处盖上盖玻片，将藻液摇晃均匀后，用胶头滴管吸取少量藻液，滴在血球计数板的滴液凹槽中，藻液将通过液体张力的作用自行浸润计数区，装片即制作完成。然后将其移至光学显微镜下观察计数，参考放大倍数为：16倍目镜以及40倍物镜。采用本领域常规的方法，由于计数区域体积已知，可以通过藻细胞总数换算出藻液中藻细胞的密度C(个/mL，也即每mL藻液中所含的藻细胞数量)。本例中，采用BG11液体培养基培养的小球藻，计算得到藻液中的藻细胞密度为1.5×107个/ml。该步骤中提供的方法为血球计数板法，但不限于此方法
S2，根据需要制作一定尺寸的容器，并依据该容器的底面形状和尺寸将硅橡胶试片裁剪成相同的形状，并将硅橡胶片放置在容器中并贴靠在容器底面，硅橡胶试片与所述容器侧壁之间的间隙在0.5mm以内，以保证在定量移入藻液时，尽量减少漏在空隙中的藻量，保证定量的准确性。其中，如图1所示，为硅橡胶试片1放入容器2中后的正视示意图，本例中容器为圆柱体(实践中，不限于此形状，也可以为立方体等)，硅橡胶试片1为圆形，D为硅橡胶试片1的直径(由于硅橡胶试片与容器内部之间的空隙σ很小，D也可以看作是容器2的内径)，本例中，D为10cm；d为硅橡胶试片的厚度，在1mm-5mm内为宜，本例中，厚度d为2mm。本例中，优选的容器的材料是无色透明玻璃，这样藻类不易附着在容器内壁且易于观察藻类的附着情况，减小定量误差。
S3，根据预定的硅橡胶试片表面藻细胞密度，往容器内加入(例如采用移液器加 入)一定体积的已知藻细胞密度的藻液，加入的藻液的液面高于硅橡胶试片的上表面。根据实际需要，预定的硅橡胶试片表面藻细胞密度以不低于2×107个/cm2为宜，本例中按2×107个/cm2计算，加入的藻液的体积用用下式计算：
Figure PCTCN2016112796-appb-000003
其中：V表示加入的藻类的体积；A表示硅橡胶试片表面藻细胞密度；C表示藻液中的藻细胞密度；S表示硅橡胶试片的上表面面积或者所述容器底面的内表面面积。具体到本例来说，体积为：
Figure PCTCN2016112796-appb-000004
其中，D＝10cm，A＝2×107个/cm2，C＝1.5×107个/ml，通过以上数据计算得到V＝314mL，也即往容器内加入314mL藻液。
S4，将添加了藻液的容器放在通风干燥处，使硅橡胶试片的上表面和藻液的液面均保持水平，待藻液干燥后，在整个干燥过程中，硅橡胶试片的上表面和藻液的液面始终保持水平，即可得到定量、均匀地附着了藻类的硅橡胶试片。在本例中，预定的是在硅橡胶试片上附着2×107个/cm2的藻细胞，在取出硅橡胶试片后，通过观察发现容器壁上几乎没有藻类(绿色)残留，说明加入的藻液已经基本全部附着在硅橡胶试片上，定量准确可靠。
取出该附着了藻类的硅橡胶试片，即可直接用接触角法测量其表面的憎水性能。通过不同的定量要求，可以得到不同定量的附着了藻类的硅橡胶试片，从而可以测得藻类附着量与硅橡胶材料表面憎水性的关系。
以上内容是结合具体的实施方式对本发明所作的进一步详细说明，不能认定本发明的具体实施只局限于这些说明。对于本发明所属技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明构思的前提下做出若干替代或明显变型，而且性能或用途相同，都应当视为属于本发明的保护范围。

Claims (7)

  1. 一种在硅橡胶试片表面定量、均匀地附着藻类的方法，其特征在于，包括如下步骤：
    (1)将硅橡胶试片放入一容器内并贴靠所述容器底面，所述硅橡胶试片的形状与所述容器底面的形状相同，且所述硅橡胶试片与所述容器侧壁之间的间隙在0.5mm以内；
    (2)根据预定的硅橡胶试片表面藻细胞密度，往所述容器内加入一定体积的已知藻细胞密度的藻液，加入的藻液的液面高于所述硅橡胶试片的上表面；
    (3)将所述硅橡胶试片的上表面和所述藻液的液面均保持水平，待所述藻液干燥后，得到定量、均匀地附着了藻类的硅橡胶试片。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的在硅橡胶试片表面定量、均匀地附着藻类的方法，其特征在于：所述步骤(2)中加入的藻类的体积用下式计算：
    Figure PCTCN2016112796-appb-100001
    其中：V表示加入的藻类的体积；A表示硅橡胶试片表面藻细胞密度；C表示藻液中的藻细胞密度；S表示硅橡胶试片的上表面面积或者所述容器底面的内表面面积。
  3. 如权利要求1或2所述的在硅橡胶试片表面定量、均匀地附着藻类的方法，其特征在于：所述硅橡胶试片的厚度为1mm-5mm。
  4. 如权利要求1或2所述的在硅橡胶试片表面定量、均匀地附着藻类的方法，其特征在于：所述步骤(2)中预定的硅橡胶试片表面藻细胞密度不低于2×107个/cm2。
  5. 如权利要求1或2所述的在硅橡胶试片表面定量、均匀地附着藻类的方法，其特征在于：所述容器为圆柱体或者立方体。
  6. 如权利要求1或2所述的在硅橡胶试片表面定量、均匀地附着藻类的方法，其特征在于：所述容器的材料是无色透明玻璃。
  7. 如权利要求1或2所述的在硅橡胶试片表面定量、均匀地附着藻类的方法，其特征在于：所述步骤(2)中藻液的藻细胞密度通过血球计数板计数后计算得到。
PCT/CN2016/112796 2015-12-28 2016-12-28 一种在硅橡胶试片表面定量、均匀地附着藻类的方法 WO2017114437A1 (zh)

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