WO2017114427A1 - 用于呼吸面罩的通气控制装置和呼吸面罩设备 - Google Patents

用于呼吸面罩的通气控制装置和呼吸面罩设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017114427A1
WO2017114427A1 PCT/CN2016/112690 CN2016112690W WO2017114427A1 WO 2017114427 A1 WO2017114427 A1 WO 2017114427A1 CN 2016112690 W CN2016112690 W CN 2016112690W WO 2017114427 A1 WO2017114427 A1 WO 2017114427A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
valve
valve cover
control device
valve seat
locking
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2016/112690
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
周明钊
王亚杰
庄志
Original Assignee
北京怡和嘉业医疗科技股份有限公司
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Publication of WO2017114427A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017114427A1/zh

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. mouth-to-mouth respiration; Tracheal tubes
    • A61M16/06—Respiratory or anaesthetic masks
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. mouth-to-mouth respiration; Tracheal tubes
    • A61M16/0003—Accessories therefor, e.g. sensors, vibrators, negative pressure
    • A61M16/0009—Accessories therefor, e.g. sensors, vibrators, negative pressure with sub-atmospheric pressure, e.g. during expiration

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of respiratory masks, and in particular to a ventilation control device for a respiratory mask and a respiratory mask device having such a ventilation control device.
  • OSAHS Obstructive Sleep Apnea-Hypopnea Syndrome
  • CPAP continuous positive airway pressure
  • This breathing mask utilizes a ventilator to create a continuous positive air flow that provides physiological pressure support to the patient's upper airway.
  • this kind of breathing mask has obvious disadvantages: continuous positive pressure may cause discomfort to the patient, and some patients may not accept it; the connecting line and the ventilator limit the patient's nighttime activity, and the compliance is low; the CPAP ventilator is inconvenient to carry and the cost is high.
  • a recently developed ventilation control device that uses the exhaled gas of a patient to form a positive expiratory pressure is also used to treat obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS).
  • OSAHS obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome
  • An advantage of such a ventilation control device is that the ventilation mechanism itself is used to provide positive exhalation pressure without the need to connect the ventilator for use, and also to avoid patient discomfort caused by continuous positive pressure.
  • the ventilation control device can also set and adjust the magnitude of the positive expiratory pressure.
  • the pressure setting and adjustment are achieved by means of a thread. The problem is that it is not convenient and accurate to position when setting pressure or adjusting the set pressure.
  • the present invention provides a ventilation control device for a respiratory mask and a respiratory mask device having the ventilation control device.
  • a ventilation control device includes: a valve assembly and an adjustment mechanism
  • the valve assembly includes: a valve seat, a valve cover, a valve core, and an elastic member;
  • valve cover is rotatably coupled to the valve seat, the valve cover and the valve seat forming a valve chamber, the valve chamber having an air flow passage allowing gas to pass therethrough;
  • the spool is located within the valve cavity and controls a flow rate of gas through the gas flow passage;
  • the resilient member is located within the valve cavity, the resilient member being disposed between the spool and the valve cover to provide resistance to movement of the spool in a predetermined direction;
  • the adjustment mechanism includes a snap member and a plurality of gear slots,
  • the plurality of gear slots are disposed in a circumferential direction of one of the valve seat and the valve cover, and the engaging member is disposed on the other of the valve seat and the valve cover ,
  • the engaging member is engaged with the at least one gear slot, and when the valve cover is rotated relative to the valve seat, the engaging member is engageable with the adjacent gear slot.
  • the engaging member comprises: a resilient arm and a protrusion; a first end of the resilient arm is coupled to the valve seat or the valve cover; and the protrusion is disposed on the elastic arm The protrusions are engageable with the gear slots on the opposite second ends of the first ends.
  • the engaging member comprises: a limiting groove, a protruding portion and an elastic body; the limiting groove is disposed on the valve seat or the valve cover; the protruding portion is disposed at the limit In the slot, the protruding portion is restricted by the notch of the limiting slot, and only a part of the protruding portion may protrude beyond the limiting slot to engage with the gear slot; The elastic body is disposed between the bottom of the limiting groove and the protruding portion to provide a thrust for the protruding portion.
  • the valve cover comprises: a threaded connection portion and a support portion; the valve cover is connected to the valve seat through the threaded connection portion; the support portion is connected to the threaded connection portion and extends into the seat An inner side of the valve seat, wherein the engaging member is disposed on one of an inner circumferential surface of the valve seat and the support portion, and the plurality of gear positions are disposed on an inner circumferential surface of the valve seat And the other of the support portions.
  • the ventilation control device further includes locking the engaging member The locking mechanism in the corresponding gear slot.
  • the locking mechanism comprises: a locking member and an operating handle; the locking member is at the valve a radial direction of the cover is located on the inner side of the engaging member, the locking member has a locking position and an unlocking position, wherein the locking member abuts against the engaging member when in the locking position;
  • the engaging member can follow the rotation of the valve cover to engage with an adjacent gear slot; and the operating handle is coupled to the locking member to drive the locking member Moving between the locked position and the unlocked position along an axial direction or a circumferential direction of the valve cover.
  • the locking member is a cantilever connected to the operating handle, the valve cover is provided with a slot, and the operating handle is located outside the valve cover in an axial direction of the valve cover, The cantilever extends through the slot in the axial direction to the inside of the valve cover.
  • valve cover is further provided with a reinforcing member located on the inner side of the locking member in the radial direction of the valve cover and abutting against the locking member.
  • the ventilation control device further includes a locking mechanism that locks the engaging member in the corresponding gear position slot.
  • the locking mechanism includes a locking fastener that passes through one of the valve cover and the valve seat in an axial or radial direction and is fastened to the valve cover and The other of the valve seats.
  • one of the valve cover and the valve seat is provided with a plurality of rotation preventing grooves, and the plurality of rotation preventing grooves correspond to the plurality of gear positions, and the locking fastener is wearable Passing through the other of the valve cover and the valve seat and fastening in at least one of the plurality of rotation preventing grooves.
  • a respiratory mask apparatus comprising: a respiratory mask having a cavity in communication with a mouth and/or a nose of a patient; and any ventilation control device as described above, A ventilation control device is coupled to the respiratory mask, the airflow passage of the ventilation control device being in communication with the cavity.
  • the ventilating control device of the present invention adjusts the resistance to movement of the valve assembly by a rotatable connection of the bonnet and the valve seat, thereby adjusting the therapeutic pressure of the breathing mask.
  • the adjusting mechanism (including the gear position groove and the engaging member) provided on the valve cover and the valve seat is fed back to the user in a feeling and sound when the rotary valve cover adjusts the treatment pressure. Equivalent to providing a series of accurate adjustment feedback to the user during the pressure setting process, and the pressure change between each gear position is known, so that the user can precisely adjust the treatment pressure. At the same time, this adjustment mechanism capable of providing adjustment feedback also improves the user experience of the ventilation control device and improves the feeling of use.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a respiratory mask having a ventilation control device in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 2 is a perspective view of a ventilation control device according to a first embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the ventilation control device of Figure 2;
  • Figure 4 is a perspective view of the adjustment mechanism of the ventilation control device of Figure 2 and its peripheral components;
  • Figure 5 is a simplified side elevational view of the adjustment mechanism and its peripheral components in accordance with a second embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 6 is a perspective view of an adjustment mechanism of a ventilation control device and its peripheral components according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 7a is a cross-sectional view showing an adjustment mechanism of a ventilation control device and peripheral components thereof according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 7b is a cross-sectional view showing an adjustment mechanism of the ventilation control device and its peripheral components according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 8a is a cross-sectional view showing an adjustment mechanism of a ventilation control device and peripheral components thereof according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 8b is a cross-sectional view showing an adjustment mechanism of the ventilation control device and its peripheral components according to a seventh embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 9 is a cross-sectional view of the ventilation control device of Figure 2, wherein the locking mechanism is in an unlocked state;
  • Figure 10 is a cross-sectional view showing a ventilation control device according to an eighth embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 11a is a cross-sectional view showing an adjustment mechanism of a ventilation control device and peripheral components thereof according to a ninth embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 11b is a cross-sectional view showing an adjustment mechanism of the ventilation control device and its peripheral components according to a tenth embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 12 is a cross-sectional view showing a ventilation control device according to an eleventh embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 13 is an exploded perspective view of a ventilation control device according to a twelfth embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 14 is a combined perspective view of a ventilation control device according to a thirteenth embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 15 is an exploded perspective view of the ventilation control device of Fig. 14.
  • a ventilation control device for a respiratory mask.
  • a breathing mask using the ventilation control device will be briefly described herein.
  • the oronasal mask type breathing mask shown in the drawings is merely exemplary, and the ventilation control device provided herein is not limited to the nasal mask type breathing mask, and can also be applied to the nasal mask. Breathing mask in the form of a full face, full face mask or nasal plug.
  • the respiratory mask 10 includes a mask body 11, a pad assembly 12, and a forehead support 14. In other embodiments not shown, the respiratory mask 10 may not include one or both of the components, such as not including the forehead support 14.
  • a mask through hole (not shown) is provided on the mask body 11.
  • a ventilation control device 100 is coupled to the mask through hole.
  • the pad assembly 12 is mounted on the mask body 11.
  • the mask body 11 and the cushion assembly 12 together form a cavity.
  • the pad assembly 12 can be fixedly or detachably coupled to the mask body 11. In use, the mask body 11 and pad assembly 12 will contact the patient's face (including the cheeks, bridge of the nose, upper and lower mouth, etc.) to form a seal that allows the cavity to communicate with the patient's nasal cavity or nose and mouth.
  • the mask body 11 may be made of a rigid material or may also be made of a flexible material.
  • the cushion assembly 12 is preferably made of a flexible material.
  • the cushion assembly 12 can be an air bag or a membrane structure.
  • the membrane structure can be a single layer or a separate bilayer.
  • the cushion assembly 12 can also include an adhesive member (e.g., a sticker, etc.) to enhance patient feel and sealing.
  • the shape of the mask body 11 and the cushion assembly 12 as viewed from the front is not limited to the general triangular shape shown in the drawing, but may be a pear shape, a trapezoid shape or the like.
  • the mask body 11 and the pad assembly 12 may also take a shape that matches the shape of the nose and the like.
  • the cushion assembly 12 can also be designed as a conical film-shaped nasal plug that is sealed from the nasal orifice, and the structure can also have a single layer or a separate two-layer membrane structure.
  • the nasal plug can also be combined with the mouth mask design.
  • Pad assembly 12 A support portion 13 is included.
  • the support portion 13 can be designed as a structure such as a wrinkle, a bellows, a partial thinning, a bend, an arc, etc., to achieve a better fit of the respiratory mask 10 with the face, and even to realize the cushion portion of the cushion assembly 12 and
  • the mask body 11 is suspended so that the angle of fit of the pad to the face can be adapted and the gas pressure in the cavity is used to assist the sealing.
  • the support portion 13 employs a balloon or gel and can have an adaptive face function.
  • the respiratory mask 10 also includes fasteners for attaching the securing assembly, such as snaps, strap loops, and the like.
  • the fixing member may be attached to the mask body 11 as a separate component or may be integrally formed with the mask body 11.
  • the fixation assembly is used to secure the respiratory mask 10 in place on the patient's face, which may be a variety of existing headbands.
  • the headband may have a structure that is coupled to the mask body 11, such as a buckle, a Velcro strap.
  • the material of the headband may be a braid, an elastic member or the like (wherein the elastic member may be foam, silica gel, etc.), or a multilayer structure in which a braid and an elastic member are composited to improve elasticity, gas permeability and human compliance.
  • the shape of the headband can be made into various shapes such as a Y-shape, an I-shape, and the like, and parts which are relatively rigid in some directions and flexible in some other directions can be added to better fix the respiratory mask 10.
  • the fixation component may also be a structure that is directly attached to the face, the outside of the nose, or the nasal cavity, such as a fixed structure that may be an adhesive member (eg, a sticker, etc.).
  • the forehead support 14 abuts against the patient's forehead when in use.
  • the connection between the forehead support 14 and the mask body 11 may be fixed or detachable, and one embodiment of the split type is a snap connection between the forehead support 14 and the mask body 11.
  • the forehead support 14 includes a soft forehead contact.
  • the forehead support 14 can also have adjustment means to adjust the distance from the forehead to ensure adaptation to different facial shapes.
  • the above rigid material may be plastic, alloy, etc.
  • the flexible material may be silica gel, gel, foam, air bag, textile, etc., and the definition of this material is also applicable to subsequent parts.
  • the various components included in the respiratory mask 10 can be constructed in a manner known in the art and therefore will not be described in further detail herein.
  • the ventilation control device can include a valve assembly 210 and an adjustment mechanism 220.
  • the valve assembly 210 includes a valve seat 211 and a valve cover 212.
  • the valve cover 212 is rotatably coupled to the valve seat 211, for example, by threads.
  • the thread may include an internal thread disposed on one of the valve seat 211 and the valve cover 212 and an external thread disposed on the other of the valve seat 211 and the valve cover 212.
  • the valve seat 211 is typically attached to the respiratory mask, so preferably the inner snail is disposed on the bonnet 212
  • the outer thread is provided on the valve seat 211.
  • the valve cover 212 can be enclosed outside the valve seat 211 to facilitate adjustment of the valve cover 212 by the user.
  • a valve chamber 215 is formed inside the two.
  • valve cover 212 is rotatable relative to the valve seat 211 with the central axis P-P as an axis to adjust the axial length of the valve chamber 215 in the axial direction (i.e., the direction in which the center axis P-P extends).
  • the valve cover 212 may be rotatably coupled to the valve seat 211 by other means as long as the axial length of the valve chamber 215 can be adjusted in the axial direction while the valve cover 212 is rotated.
  • the valve seat 211 and the valve cover 212 are generally cylindrical in shape, in other embodiments not shown, the valve seat 211 and the valve cover 212 may have other arbitrary shapes as long as they can be formed and breathable.
  • the mask 10 may be vented by the mask 10.
  • the volume of the valve chamber 215 is not limited, and it is preferable to wear comfort.
  • the valve chamber 215 has an air flow path that allows gas to pass therethrough.
  • the air flow passage includes a first vent 231 and a second vent 232.
  • the first vent 231 is used to communicate the valve chamber 215 to the respiratory mask 10 (see Figure 1).
  • the ventilation control device may be detachably coupled to the respiratory mask 10, specifically to the mask through-hole of the respiratory mask 10, by a connection structure 233 disposed at the first vent 231.
  • the connecting structure 233 may be, for example, a snap connection structure, a screw connection structure, or an elastic member clasping connection structure or the like.
  • the ventilation control device can be replaced at any time, and the ventilation control device can be designed to be directly applied to an existing CPAP breathing mask to reduce the cost of use of the patient.
  • the ventilation control device can also be non-detachably coupled to the respiratory mask 10 at the first vent 231 if desired.
  • the second vent 232 is used to connect the valve chamber 215 to the atmosphere. When the patient inhales, fresh air can be delivered to the patient's mouth and/or nose through the second vent 232, the first vent 231, and the respiratory mask in sequence. Conversely, when exhaling, the exhaled gas may flow in the opposite direction to the above path.
  • the first vent 231 may be disposed on the valve seat 211.
  • the second vent 232 may be disposed on the valve seat 211 or may be disposed on the valve cover 212. Further, a second vent 232 may be provided on both the valve seat 211 and the valve cover 212 to increase the ventilation area.
  • the ventilation control device 100 includes a valve seat 111 and a valve cover 112. A second vent 132 is provided on both the valve seat 111 and the valve cover 112.
  • the valve assembly 210 also includes a spool 213 and an elastic member 214.
  • the spool 213 is located within the valve chamber 215.
  • the spool 213 controls the flow rate of gas through the gas flow path. Controlling the gas flow rate includes controlling the flow direction of the gas and controlling the flow rate of the gas.
  • the resilient member 214 is located within the valve cavity 215 and the resilient member 214 is disposed between the spool 213 and the valve cover 212. Both ends of the elastic member 214 may abut against the spool 213 and the valve cover 212, respectively, to provide resistance to movement of the spool 213 in a predetermined direction. It is also possible that one end of the elastic member 214 abuts against the spool 213 and the valve cover 212.
  • One upper side and the other end of the elastic member 214 is coupled to the other of the spool 213 and the valve cover 212.
  • the predetermined direction corresponds to the expiratory direction of the patient.
  • the resilient member 214 provides resistance to the providing spool 213 to provide a positive expiratory pressure.
  • the invention adopts positive expiratory pressure to prevent the upper airway from collapsing, thereby further treating the OSAHS.
  • the elastic member 214 may be a spring or any other form of elastomer or the like, and may also be made of a shape memory material such as an alloy or plastic having morphological memory properties.
  • the spool 213 is a one-way spool that opens in a predetermined direction. That is, the spool 213 is only opened when the patient exhales.
  • the patient's inhalation can be accomplished by an inhalation valve additionally provided on the exhalation mask 10 (see Figure 1) or the ventilation control device.
  • the inspiratory valve can be any type of one-way valve that can be opened as long as the pressure within the cavity of the respirator (which is in communication with the patient's mouth and/or nose) is less than or equal to atmospheric pressure.
  • the valve assembly 220 is only used as an exhaust valve.
  • the air passage of the valve chamber 215 is only an exhaust passage.
  • the valve assembly 220 is capable of both venting and air intake purposes. As shown in FIG. 3, a through hole 216 is provided in the spool 213.
  • the valve assembly 220 also includes a one-way valve 217 disposed at the through bore 216.
  • the one-way valve 217 is capable of opening the through hole 216 in a direction opposite to a predetermined direction. That is, the one-way valve 217 can open the through hole 216 in a direction corresponding to the suction direction, whereby the one-way valve 217 can be referred to as an intake valve. When the patient inhales, the check valve 217 is opened.
  • the one-way valve 217 can be a valve flap made of an elastomeric material or a morphological memory material.
  • the one-way valve 217 can be any type of one-way valve that can be opened as long as the pressure within the cavity of the breathing mask (which is in communication with the patient's mouth and/or nose) is less than atmospheric pressure.
  • the valve chamber 215 can have an intake passage and an exhaust passage, respectively, during inhalation and exhalation.
  • the intake passage sequentially includes a second vent 232, a through hole 216, and a first vent 231 along the direction of the air flow.
  • the exhaust passage sequentially includes a first vent 231, a gap between the spool 213 and the valve seat 211, and a second vent 232 in the air flow direction.
  • a stopper such as a stopper, a projection or the like may be provided on the valve seat 211.
  • the limiting member is used to restrict the movement of the spool 213 only between the open position and the closed position to prevent excessive vibration caused by the severe vibration of the spool 213 when the patient exhales.
  • the adjustment mechanism 220 can include a snap member 221 and a plurality of gear slots 222.
  • Figures 4 and 5 illustrate the snap member 221 and the plurality of gear slots 222 and the components in which they are located.
  • the engaging member 221 is disposed on the valve cover 212
  • the gear position groove 222 is disposed on the valve seat 211.
  • a plurality of gear slots 222 are disposed along the circumferential direction of the valve seat 211.
  • the gear position groove 222 may be disposed on the entire circumference of the valve seat 211, or may be disposed on a portion of the circumference, for example, on a circumference of three quarters.
  • the bonnet 212 is typically designed to be rotatable relative to the valve seat 211 for a number of weeks to increase the adjustment capability, so preferably the gear position slot 222 is disposed over the entire circumference of the valve seat 211 for the entire process of rotation of the valve cover 212.
  • the positive expiratory pressure can be precisely adjusted continuously.
  • the number of gear slots 222 can be set as desired.
  • the number of gear slots 222 is generally in the range of 8-12.
  • the shape of the gear slot 222 can be varied, such as a circular arc groove (see Fig. 5) or a right angle groove (see Fig. 4).
  • the shape of the gear position groove 222 is different. When the adjustment member 221 enters the adjacent gear position groove 222 from the currently engaged gear position groove 222, the force and sound of the feedback will be different. Those skilled in the art can select the shape of the gear slot 222 as needed.
  • the engaging member 221 can be engaged with the at least one gear slot 222.
  • the adjustment mechanism 220 has two snaps 221 .
  • the two engaging members 221 are symmetrically disposed about the centerline axis P-P (see Fig. 2-3).
  • the two engaging members 221 are respectively engaged with the two gear slots 222.
  • the number of the engaging members 221 may also be one or more.
  • each of the engaging members 221 can also be engaged with the adjacent plurality of gear slots 222 at the same time. When the valve cover 212 rotates relative to the valve seat 211, the engaging member 221 can engage with the adjacent gear position groove 222.
  • the axial dimension of the valve chamber 215 can be adjusted, thereby adjusting the deformation of the elastic member 214, thereby adjusting the positive expiratory pressure.
  • This associates the positive expiratory pressure with the engagement of the engaging member 221 and the different gear slots 222.
  • the adjustment of the positive expiratory pressure is not uniquely determined by the engagement of the engaging member 221 with the different gear slots 222.
  • the factors affecting the positive expiratory pressure also include the elasticity of the elastic member 214 (for example, the stiffness of the spring). Coefficient) and the pitch of the thread. Therefore, by appropriately selecting the elastic member 214 and the thread, the adjustment of the positive expiratory pressure can be more precisely controlled.
  • the engaging member 221 and the gear position groove 222 are respectively disposed on the valve cover 212 and On the opposite side of the valve seat 211.
  • the gear position groove 222 is provided on the inner circumferential surface of the valve seat 211.
  • the valve cover 212 may include a threaded connection portion 212a and a support portion 212b.
  • the valve cover 212 is coupled to the valve seat 211 by a threaded connection 212a.
  • the support portion 212b is connected to the screw connection portion 212a.
  • the support portion 212b may be integral with the screw connection portion 212a or may be rigidly coupled to the screw connection portion 212a.
  • the support portion 212b projects into the inner side of the valve seat 211.
  • the threaded connection portion 212a and the support portion 212b of the valve cover 212 sandwich the threaded portion of the valve seat 211.
  • the engaging member 221 may be disposed on the support portion 212b and opposed to the gear position groove 222. This preferred solution makes the overall ventilation control device more compact.
  • the threaded connection portion and the support portion of the valve cover 212 may both be located inside the valve seat 211.
  • valve cover 212 and the valve seat 211 also include other opposing sides, such as the inner circumferential surface of the valve cover 212 and the outer circumferential surface of the valve seat 211.
  • the engaging member 221 may be disposed on the inner circumferential surface of the valve cover 212
  • the gear position groove 222 is disposed on the outer circumferential surface of the valve seat 211.
  • the engaging member and the gear shift slot may also be reversed, that is, the gear position groove 622 is disposed on the valve cover 612, and the engaging member 621 is disposed on the valve seat 611 as shown in FIG.
  • the main difference between the embodiment shown in Fig. 6 and Figs. 3-5 lies in the positional relationship between the engaging member 621 and the gear position groove 622. Therefore, the same or similar structures and components as those of the above embodiments will not be described in further detail herein.
  • the features to be described below are also applicable to the above two positional relationships of the engaging member and the gear position groove: 1) the engaging member 221 is disposed on the valve cover 212, and the gear position groove 222 is disposed at the valve seat. 211 (Fig.
  • valve cover 612 includes a threaded connection 612a and a support portion 612b.
  • the valve cover 612 is coupled to the valve seat 611 by a threaded connection 612a.
  • the support portion 612b is connected to the screw connection portion 612a.
  • the support portion 612b projects into the inner side of the valve seat 611.
  • the gear position groove 622 may be disposed on the support portion 612b and engaged with the engaging member 621.
  • the adjustment mechanism can also include an indicator member (not shown).
  • the indicating member may be disposed on a member having an external thread, and in the embodiment shown in FIG. 3, the indicating member may be disposed on the valve seat 211.
  • the adjusted pressure value is indicated in accordance with the portion exposed by the member having the internal thread (the valve cover 212 in Fig. 3).
  • the indicating member may be disposed at the thread of the valve seat 211.
  • the indicator member can be a mechanical logo such as a scale, a color logo, or the like. Adjusting the bonnet 212 to a different position reveals a different scale or color to indicate the adjusted pressure value.
  • valve cover 212 has an internal thread and the valve cover 212 has an external thread
  • the indicating member is disposed on the valve cover 212.
  • adjustment of the valve cover 212 to a different position relative to the valve seat 211 exposes the indicator member on the valve cover 212.
  • the snap member 221 can include a resilient arm 221a and a projection 221b.
  • the resilient arms 221a are integral with the support portion 212b of the valve cover 212, and it is also understood that the functions of the two components can be concentrated on one component.
  • the resilient arms 221a and the support portions 212b each have their respective uses.
  • the first end of the resilient arm 221a is coupled to the valve cover 212, that is, to the support portion 212b of the valve cover 212.
  • a projection 221b is provided on the second end of the resilient arm 221a opposite the first end.
  • the protrusion 221b can be engaged with the gear position groove 222.
  • the elastic arm 221a may be made of a material having a certain elasticity, such as plastic or the like.
  • the elastic arms 221a can also be made elastic by making them into sheets, in which case the materials of choice include plastics, metals, and the like.
  • the elastic arm (which is blocked by other members and cannot be shown) may be coupled to the valve seat 611.
  • an opening may be provided on the valve seat 611.
  • a resilient arm is located in the opening and the first end of the resilient arm is coupled to the valve seat 611.
  • a projection 621b is disposed on the second end of the resilient arm opposite the first end.
  • the protrusion 621b can be engaged with the gear position groove 622.
  • the support portion 612b of the valve cover 612 is used to support the gear shift groove 622.
  • the structure and operation of the protrusion 621b for the pressure adjustment process and the process are the same as those of the above embodiment, and therefore will not be described herein.
  • the resilient engagement between the engaging member and the gear shift slot can also be achieved by elastomeric bumps, rigid balls, and the like.
  • the engaging member 721 may include a limiting groove 721a, a protruding portion 721b, and an elastic body 721c.
  • the limit groove 721a is provided on the valve seat 711 (see Fig. 7b) or the valve cover 712 (see Fig. 7a).
  • the valve cover 712 of Figures 7a-7b includes a threaded connection and a support.
  • the limiting groove 721a may be disposed on the support portion of the valve cover 712.
  • the gear slot 722 is disposed on the support portion of the valve cover 712.
  • the support can be rigid.
  • the support portion may also be configured to have a certain elasticity under the action of an external force, for example, a snap member
  • the support portion may have a certain deformation.
  • the projection 721b is provided in the limiting groove 721a.
  • the protruding portion 721b is restricted by the notch of the limiting groove 721a, and only a part of the protruding portion 721b can protrude beyond the limiting groove 721a to engage with the gear position groove 722.
  • the limiting groove 721a may have a structure in which the opening is small and the bottom is large.
  • the projection 721b may be a rigid ball.
  • the diameter of the rigid ball is larger than the opening size of the limiting groove 721a, thereby restricting only a part of the rigid ball to protrude beyond the limiting groove 721a.
  • the projections 821b may have other configurations, such as those shown in Figures 8a-8b, as long as they are limited by the limit slots and only a portion of them protrude beyond the limit slots.
  • the elastic body 721c is disposed between the bottom of the limiting groove 721a and the protruding portion 721b to provide thrust to the protruding portion 721b.
  • the elastic body 721c may be a spring or an elastic body such as silica gel or foam.
  • the ventilation control device typically sets the treatment pressure to the desired value by rotating the bonnet prior to use and does not wish to create pressure fluctuations during the treatment.
  • the patient's misoperation, or accidental touch, or movement of the body during wearing may cause the bonnet to rotate, causing a change in the positive pressure in the cavity of the external respiratory mask, which may result in treatment failure.
  • the ventilation control device provided by the present invention further comprises a locking mechanism.
  • the locking mechanism is intended to limit the rotation of the bonnet, and only needs to be unlocked when adjustment is required.
  • the locking mechanism allows the adjusted pressure position to be fixed without changing due to external factors.
  • the locking mechanism is configured to lock the engaging member in the corresponding gear position slot after the valve cover is rotated relative to the valve seat.
  • the ventilation control device includes a push-type locking mechanism.
  • the locking mechanism 240 is fitted to the valve cover 212.
  • the locking mechanism shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 is in a locked state
  • the locking mechanism shown in FIG. 9 is in an unlocked state.
  • the locking mechanism 240 includes a locking member 241 and an operating handle 242.
  • the locking piece 241 is located inside the engaging member 221 in the radial direction of the valve cover 212.
  • the locking member 241 has a locked position and an unlocked position.
  • the locking member 241 abuts against the engaging member 221 when in the locking position.
  • the engaging member 221 cannot pass over the convex position of the gear position groove 222, thereby being locked in the currently engaged gear position groove 222, and the valve cover 212 cannot be rotated.
  • the locking member 241 When the locking member 241 is in the unlocked position, the engaging member 221 can follow the rotation of the valve cover 212 to engage with the adjacent gear position groove 222.
  • the operating handle 242 is coupled to the locking member 241 to move the locking member 241 between the locked position and the unlocked position.
  • the operating handle 242 is disposed outside the valve cover 212 in the axial direction of the valve cover 212 to facilitate user's operation.
  • the locking member 241 can be a cantilever that is coupled to the operating handle 242.
  • a sipe may be provided on the bonnet 212.
  • the cantilever extends through the slot in the axial direction to the valve cover 212 The inside.
  • the operation handle can also be provided with a groove 143 (see FIG. 1) or an anti-slip pattern which is convenient for the user to grasp.
  • the locked position and the unlocked position may be two positions disposed along the central axis P-P.
  • the locking member 241 can be moved by the operating handle 242 along the central axis P-P to be movable between the locked position and the unlocked position.
  • the locking member 241 performs a translational movement.
  • the pressure lock is required, the locking member 241 is pushed inward by the operating handle 242, and the locking member 241 abuts against the engaging member 221, so that the engaging member 221 will not be deformed due to the gear position on the valve seat 211.
  • the interference of the groove 222 cannot be rotated, as shown in FIG.
  • the locking member 241 is in the locked position.
  • the operating handle 242 When it is necessary to adjust the unlocking, the operating handle 242 is pulled outward along the central axis P-P, the locking member 241 is separated from the engaging member 221, and the locking member 241 is in the unlocked position. At this time, the engaging member 221 is no longer restricted by the locking member 241. As shown in FIG. 9, the engaging member 221 restores the deformation ability, thereby restoring the adjustment of the treatment pressure by the valve cover 212. At this time, the valve cover 212 is rotated to rotate the engaging member 221 to engage with the adjacent gear slot 222 until the desired treatment pressure is adjusted.
  • the locking mechanism 240 can be made of a rigid metal, or a material that is not easily deformed.
  • the locking mechanism 240 may also be made of a common plastic material, but it is necessary to ensure that the locking member 241 cannot be deformed when locked, which can be achieved by adding a structure such as the reinforcing member 1000 to the radially inner side of the locking member 241 (see Fig. 10).
  • the stiffener 1000 can be secured to the valve cover 212. The stiffener 1000 can abut against the locking member 241.
  • the stiffener 1000 can be a cylinder or other structure that is centered on the central axis P-P.
  • the stiffener 1000 can also be added to the embodiment shown in Figures 7a-7b, 8a-8b, 11a-11b, and the like.
  • the locking member 241 can also be designed in a cylindrical shape to maintain its rigidity.
  • locking mechanism 240 can be applied to other embodiments by simple modifications.
  • the principles of locking mechanism 240 can be applied to the embodiment shown in Figures 7a and 8a.
  • the resilient arm (not shown, which can be understood by referring to the resilient arm 221a in FIG. 3) can be pressed in a radially outward direction.
  • the engaging members 721 and 821 are such that the elastic bodies 721c and 821c are in the maximum compressed state, so that the projections 721b and 821b cannot be retracted into the limit grooves 721a and 821a, so that the convex positions of the shift grooves 722 and 822 cannot be passed.
  • the movement of the locking member between the locked position and the unlocked position includes a rotational movement in addition to the above-described translational movement.
  • the ventilation control device can include a rotary locking mechanism.
  • the locked position and the unlocked position may be two positions disposed along the circumferential direction of the valve cover 212.
  • Figure 11a shows the locking member 1041 in the locked position
  • Figure 11b shows the locking member 1041 in the unlocked position.
  • the same components in FIGS. 11a and 11b as those of the foregoing embodiment are given the same reference numerals, and only the differences will be described in detail herein.
  • the locking member 1041 can be moved by the operating handle 1042 along the circumferential direction of the valve cover 212, that is, in a direction indicated by an arrow in the figure or in a direction opposite to the direction indicated by the arrow, so that the locking position and the unlocking can be performed. Move between positions. Here, the lock piece 1041 is rotationally moved. As shown in Figure 11a, the locking member 1041 is in the locked position against the engaging member 221. When the pressure needs to be adjusted, the operating handle 1042 is rotated in the direction indicated by the arrow, and the locking member 1041 is separated from the engaging member 221, and the engaging member 221 is no longer restricted by the locking member 241, as shown in Fig. 11b.
  • valve cover 212 is rotated to rotate the engaging member 221 to engage with the adjacent gear slot 222 until the desired treatment pressure is adjusted.
  • the operation handle 1042 can be further rotated to cause the locking member 1041 to abut against the engagement member 221. Similar to the above, the rotary locking mechanism can also be applied to the embodiment shown in Figures 7a and 8a by a simple variant.
  • the rotary locking mechanism can also be realized by: the locking member 1041 can be provided with a groove, when the need to enter the unlocked state, the groove is aligned with the engaging member 221; when it needs to enter the locked state, it will be locked The non-recessed portion of the piece 1041 is aligned with the engaging member 221.
  • the locking mechanism can include a locking fastener 1210, as shown in FIG.
  • the locking fastener 1210 can be a screw or the like.
  • the locking fastener 1210 can pass through the valve cover 212 in the radial direction of the valve cover 212 and be fastened to the valve seat 211.
  • valve cover 212 and the valve seat 211 are substantially identical to the previous embodiments and therefore will not be described in detail herein.
  • a bonnet through which the locking fastener 1210 can pass can be provided on the bonnet 212.
  • the locking fastener 1210 passes over the valve cover 212 and abuts against the valve seat 211.
  • an external thread is provided on the bonnet 212 and an internal thread is provided on the valve seat 211, the locking fastener 1210 passes through the valve seat 211 and is fastened to the bonnet 212.
  • the locking fastener 1210 can be loosened or removed.
  • the locking fastener 1210 can be secured to the valve seat 211 along the axial (P-P) valve cover 212 of the valve cover 212.
  • the locking fastener 1210 can pass from the rear end of the valve cover 212 through the valve cover and abut against the rear end face of the valve seat 211.
  • the locking fastener 1210 is preferably The ground is configured to be telescopic so that the valve cover 212 is adjusted relative to the valve seat 211 to accommodate the distance between the rear ends of the two.
  • the valve seat 1411 can be provided with a lug 1420 that allows the locking fastener 1410 to pass therethrough.
  • the locking fastener 1410 passes through the lug 1420 and is externally fastened to the valve cover 1412.
  • the head of the locking fastener 1410 can enter a corresponding counterbore or through hole 1430 or the like that is disposed on the valve cover 1412.
  • similar lugs 1420 can also be disposed on valve cover 1412 with countersinks or through holes disposed on valve seat 1411.
  • a plurality of rotation preventing grooves 1320 may be disposed at corresponding positions of the valve seat 1311.
  • a plurality of anti-rotation grooves 1320 correspond to a plurality of gear slots on the valve cover 212.
  • the locking fastener 1310 can be secured through at least one of the plurality of anti-rotation slots 1320 through the valve cover 212.
  • the anti-rotation groove 1320 can extend along the central axis P-P so that the head of the locking fastener 1310 can still be fixed in the anti-rotation groove 1320 after the valve cover 212 is adjusted relative to the valve seat 1311.
  • the invention also provides a respiratory mask device.
  • the respiratory mask device includes any of the respiratory masks described above and any of the aeration control devices described above.
  • the respiratory mask has a cavity in communication with the patient's mouth and/or nose.
  • the ventilation control is connected to the breathing mask.
  • the airflow path of the vent control device is connected to the cavity.
  • the predetermined direction corresponds to the expiratory direction of the patient.
  • the ventilating control device of the present invention adjusts the movement resistance of the valve assembly through the screw connection of the bonnet and the valve seat, thereby adjusting the treatment pressure of the breathing mask.
  • the adjusting mechanism (including the gear position groove and the engaging member) provided on the valve cover and the valve seat is fed back to the user in a feeling and sound when the rotary valve cover adjusts the treatment pressure. Equivalent to providing a series of accurate adjustment feedback to the user during the pressure setting process, and the pressure change between each gear position is known, so that the user can precisely adjust the treatment pressure. At the same time, this adjustment mechanism capable of providing adjustment feedback also improves the user experience of the ventilation control device and improves the feeling of use.

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Abstract

一种用于呼吸面罩（10）的通气控制装置（100）和呼吸面罩设备。通气控制装置（100）包括阀组件（210）和调节机构（220）。阀组件（210）包括：阀座（211）和阀盖（212），阀盖（212）可旋转地连接至阀座（211）形成阀腔（215），阀腔（215）具有气流通路；阀芯（213），阀芯（213）位于阀腔（215）内且可控制通过气流通路的气体流速；位于阀腔（215）内的弹性构件（214），弹性构件（214）设置在阀芯（213）和阀盖（212）之间，以给阀芯（213）沿预定方向的移动提供阻力。调节机构（220）包括卡合件（221）和多个档位槽（222）。多个档位槽（222）设置在阀座（211）和阀盖（212）的其中一个的周向方向上，卡合件（221）设置在阀座（211）和阀盖（212）中的另一个上。卡合件（221）与至少一个档位槽（222）卡合。阀盖（212）相对于阀座（211）旋转时卡合件（221）可与相邻的档位槽（222）卡合。该通气控制装置（100）在调节治疗压力时可以以手感和声响的方式给使用者反馈，从而可以进行一系列准确的调节。

Description

用于呼吸面罩的通气控制装置和呼吸面罩设备 技术领域
本发明涉及呼吸面罩技术领域，具体地涉及一种用于呼吸面罩的通气控制装置以及具有这种通气控制装置的呼吸面罩设备。
背景技术
目前，治疗阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合症(Obstructive Sleep Apnea-Hypopnea Syndrome，OSAHS)最主要的方法是给OSAHS患者佩戴呼吸面罩。
现有的治疗OSAHS的呼吸面罩主要包括持续正压通气(CPAP)型呼吸面罩。这种呼吸面罩利用呼吸机产生持续的正压气流，从而给患者的上气道提供生理性压力支撑。但是这种呼吸面罩存在明显的缺点：持续正压会引起患者不适，部分患者不能接受；连接管路跟呼吸机限制患者夜间活动，依从性低；CPAP呼吸机不方便携带且成本较高。
最近发展的利用患者呼出的气体来形成呼气正压的通气控制装置也被用于治疗阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合症(OSAHS)。这种通气控制装置的优点在于使用通气控制装置自身的机械结构来提供呼气正压，无需连接呼吸机来使用，并且还能够避免持续正压引起的患者不适。此外，这种通气控制装置还能够对呼气正压的大小进行设定和调节。但是，现有的通气控制装置中，压力设定和调节是通过螺纹来实现。其问题在于，当设定压力或对设定的压力进行调节时不能方便准确的定位。
因此，需要一种用于呼吸面罩的通气控制装置以及具有该通气控制装置的呼吸面罩设备，以至少部分地解决上文提到的问题。
发明内容
为了至少部分地解决现有技术中不能方便准确地调节通气控制装置的治疗压力的问题，本发明提供一种用于呼吸面罩的通气控制装置以及具有该通气控制装置的呼吸面罩设备。
根据本发明的一个方面提供的通气控制装置，其包括：阀组件和调节机构；
所述阀组件，包括：阀座、阀盖、阀芯和弹性构件；
所述阀盖可旋转地连接至所述阀座，所述阀盖与所述阀座形成阀腔，所述阀腔具有允许气体通过的气流通路；
所述阀芯位于所述阀腔内且可控制通过所述气流通路的气体流速；以及
所述弹性构件位于所述阀腔内，所述弹性构件设置在所述阀芯和所述阀盖之间，以给所述阀芯沿预定方向的移动提供阻力；以及
所述调节机构，包括卡合件和多个档位槽，
其中，所述多个档位槽设置在所述阀座和所述阀盖的其中一个的周向方向上，所述卡合件设置在所述阀座和所述阀盖中的另一个上，
其中，所述卡合件与至少一个所述档位槽卡合，且所述阀盖相对于所述阀座旋转时，所述卡合件可与相邻的所述档位槽卡合。
优选地，所述卡合件包括：弹性臂和凸起；所述弹性臂的第一端连接至所述阀座或所述阀盖上；以及所述凸起设置在所述弹性臂的与所述第一端相对的第二端上，所述凸起可与所述档位槽卡合。
优选地，所述卡合件包括：限位槽、凸出部和弹性体；所述限位槽设置在所述阀座或所述阀盖上；所述凸出部设置在所述限位槽中，所述凸出部受到所述限位槽的槽口的限制，仅所述凸出部的一部分可伸出至所述限位槽之外与所述档位槽卡合；以及所述弹性体设置在所述限位槽的底部与所述凸出部之间，以为所述凸出部提供推力。
优选地，所述阀盖包括：螺纹连接部和支撑部；所述阀盖通过所述螺纹连接部连接至所述阀座；所述支撑部连接至所述螺纹连接部，并伸入至所述阀座的内侧，其中，所述卡合件设置在所述阀座的内周表面和所述支撑部的其中一个上，所述多个档位槽设置在所述阀座的内周表面和所述支撑部中的另一个上。
优选地，所述多个档位槽设置在所述阀座的内周表面上且所述卡合件设置在所述支撑部上时，所述通气控制装置还包括将所述卡合件锁定在相应的档位槽内的锁定机构。
优选地，所述锁定机构包括：锁定件和操作柄；所述锁定件在所述阀 盖的径向方向上位于所述卡合件的内侧，所述锁定件具有锁定位置和解锁位置，其中，所述锁定件处于所述锁定位置时抵靠在所述卡合件上；且所述锁定件处于所述解锁位置时所述卡合件能够跟随所述阀盖的旋转与相邻的档位槽卡合；以及所述操作柄连接至所述锁定件，以带动所述锁定件沿所述阀盖的轴向方向或周向方向在所述锁定位置和所述解锁位置之间移动。
优选地，所述锁定件为连接至所述操作柄的悬臂，所述阀盖上设置有开槽，所述操作柄在所述阀盖的轴向方向上位于所述阀盖的外侧，所述悬臂沿着所述轴向方向穿过所述开槽延伸至所述阀盖的内侧。
优选地，所述阀盖上还设置有加强件，所述加强件在所述阀盖的径向方向上位于所述锁定件的内侧，并抵靠在所述锁定件上。
优选地，所述通气控制装置还包括将所述卡合件锁定在相应的档位槽内的锁定机构。
优选地，所述锁定机构包括锁定紧固件，所述锁定紧固件沿着轴向或径向穿过所述阀盖和所述阀座的其中一个，并且紧固在所述阀盖和所述阀座中的另一个上。
优选地，所述阀盖和所述阀座的其中一个上设置有多个止转槽，所述多个止转槽与所述多个档位槽相对应，所述锁定紧固件可穿过所述阀盖和所述阀座中的另一个后紧固在所述多个止转槽中的至少一个内。
根据本发明的一个方面提供的呼吸面罩设备，其包括：呼吸面罩，所述呼吸面罩具有与患者的口和/或鼻连通的空腔；以及如上所述的任一种通气控制装置，所述通气控制装置连接至所述呼吸面罩，所述通气控制装置的所述气流通路连通至所述空腔。
本发明的通气控制装置通过阀盖和阀座的可旋转的连接来调节阀组件的移动阻力，进而调节呼吸面罩的治疗压力。通过设置在阀盖和阀座上的调节机构(包括档位槽和卡合件)，在旋转阀盖调节治疗压力时，以手感和声响的方式反馈给使用者。相当于在压力设定过程中，提供一系列准确的调节反馈给使用者，而且每一档位之间的压力变化是可知的，以便使用者精确地调节治疗压力。同时，这种能够提供调节反馈的调节机构也提高了通气控制装置的用户体验，提高了使用感受。
在发明内容中引入了一系列简化形式的概念，这将在具体实施方式部 分中进一步详细说明。本发明内容部分并不意味着要试图限定出所要求保护的技术方案的关键特征和必要技术特征，更不意味着试图确定所要求保护的技术方案的保护范围。
以下结合附图，详细说明本发明的优点和特征。
附图说明
本发明的下列附图在此作为本发明的一部分用于理解本发明。附图中示出了本发明的实施方式及其描述，用来解释本发明的原理。在附图中，
图1为具有根据本发明一个实施例的通气控制装置的呼吸面罩的立体图；
图2为根据本发明第一实施例的通气控制装置的立体图；
图3为图2中的通气控制装置的剖视图；
图4为图2中的通气控制装置的调节机构及其周边部件的立体图；
图5为根据本发明第二实施例的调节机构及其周边部件的简化侧视图；
图6为根据本发明第三实施例的通气控制装置的调节机构及其周边部件的立体图；
图7a为根据本发明第四实施例的通气控制装置的调节机构及其周边部件的剖视图；
图7b为根据本发明第五实施例的通气控制装置的调节机构及其周边部件的剖视图；
图8a为根据本发明第六实施例的通气控制装置的调节机构及其周边部件的剖视图；
图8b为根据本发明第七实施例的通气控制装置的调节机构及其周边部件的剖视图；
图9为图2中的通气控制装置的剖视图，其中锁定机构处于解锁状态；
图10为根据本发明第八实施例的通气控制装置的剖视图；
图11a为根据本发明第九实施例的通气控制装置的调节机构及其周边部件的剖视图；
图11b为根据本发明第十实施例的通气控制装置的调节机构及其周边部件的剖视图；
图12为根据本发明第十一实施例的通气控制装置的剖视图；
图13为根据本发明第十二实施例的通气控制装置的分解立体图；
图14为根据本发明第十三实施例的通气控制装置的组合立体图；以及
图15为图14中的通气控制装置的分解立体图。
具体实施方式
在下文的描述中，提供了大量的细节以便能够彻底地理解本发明。然而，本领域技术人员可以了解，如下描述仅示例性地示出了本发明的优选实施例，本发明可以无需一个或多个这样的细节而得以实施。此外，为了避免与本发明发生混淆，对于本领域公知的一些技术特征未进行详细描述。
根据本发明的一个方面，提供一种用于呼吸面罩的通气控制装置(以下简称通气控制装置)。为了能够准确、完整地理解该通气控制装置，本文将首先对采用该通气控制装置的呼吸面罩进行简单描述。可以理解的是，附图中所示出的口鼻罩型呼吸面罩仅为示例性的，本文提供的通气控制装置并不限于应用至该口鼻罩型呼吸面罩，其还可以应用至鼻罩型、全脸罩型或鼻塞型等形式的呼吸面罩。
如图1的立体图所示，呼吸面罩10包括面罩主体11、衬垫组件12和前额支撑件14。在未示出的其它实施例中，呼吸面罩10可能会不包括其中的一个或两个部件，例如不包括前额支撑件14。
面罩主体11上设置有面罩通孔(未标示出)。通气控制装置100连接在该面罩通孔处。衬垫组件12安装在面罩主体11上。面罩主体11和衬垫组件12共同形成空腔。衬垫组件12可以固定地连接或可拆卸地连接到面罩主体11。在使用时，面罩主体11和衬垫组件12将与患者的脸部(包括脸颊、鼻梁、嘴巴上下部等)接触，形成密封，以使该空腔与患者的鼻腔或者口鼻腔连通。面罩主体11可以由刚性材料制成，或者也可以由柔性材料制成。衬垫组件12优选地由柔性材料制成。衬垫组件12可以是气囊，也可以是膜结构。膜结构可以是单层或分离的双层。衬垫组件12也可包括粘合件(例如不干胶等)，以提升病人感受和密封效果。面罩主体11和衬垫组件12的从正面看的形状不限于图中所示的大体三角形，还可以为梨形、梯形等等。面罩主体11和衬垫组件12还可以采用与口鼻部形状相适配的形状等等。在鼻塞型呼吸面罩中，衬垫组件12也可以设计成与鼻孔口密封的锥形膜形状的鼻塞，此结构同样可具有单层或分离的双层膜结构。在口鼻型呼吸面罩中，还可以将鼻塞与口部罩型设计相结合。衬垫组件12 包括支撑部分13。支撑部分13可设计成皱褶、波纹管、局部减薄、弯折、弧形等结构，以实现此呼吸面罩10与脸部更好的贴合，甚至实现衬垫组件12的软垫部分与面罩主体11间悬浮，从而可自适应衬垫与脸部的贴合角度，并利用腔内气体压力辅助密封。作为一个实例，支撑部分13采用气囊或凝胶，可具有自适应脸型的功能。
此外，该呼吸面罩10还包含用于连接固定组件的固定件，例如卡扣、绑带环等。固定件可以作为单独零件连接于面罩主体11上，也可与面罩主体11一体形成。固定组件用于把呼吸面罩10固定在患者面部的适当位置，可以是现有的各种头带。头带上可以有与面罩主体11连接的结构，比如扣、带魔术贴的绑带。头带的材料可以采用编织物、弹性构件等(其中弹性构件可以是泡沫、硅胶等)，也可以采用编织物和弹性构件复合的多层结构，以提高其弹性、透气性及人体顺应性。头带的形状可做成Y字形、工字形等各种形态，同时可加入某些方向相对刚性而另外某些方向柔性的零件，以更好固定该呼吸面罩10。固定组件也可以是直接固定于脸部、鼻子外部或鼻腔内的结构，比如可以是粘合件(例如不干胶等)的固定结构。
前额支撑件14在使用时抵靠在患者的额头上。前额支撑件14与面罩主体11之间的连接可以是固定式的或可分拆式的，分拆式的一个实施例为前额支撑14与面罩主体11之间通过扣位连接。前额支撑件14包含柔软的额头接触部。该前额支撑件14还可以具有调整装置，以调整与额头距离，保证适应不同面型。
上述刚性材料可以是塑料、合金等，柔性材料可以是硅胶、凝胶、泡沫、气囊、纺织品等，此材料定义也适用于后续各部分内容。
呼吸面罩10所包含的各个部件都可以采用本领域已知的构造，因此这里不再进一步详细描述。
下面将结合附图对本发明提供的通气控制装置的多个优选实施例进行详细描述。参见示出了根据本发明第一实施例的通气控制装置的图2和3，通气控制装置可以包括阀组件210和调节机构220。
阀组件210包括阀座211和阀盖212。阀盖212例如通过螺纹可旋转地连接至阀座211。螺纹可以包括设置在阀座211和阀盖212其中一个上的内螺纹以及设置在阀座211和阀盖212中的另一个上的外螺纹。使用时，阀座211通常连接到呼吸面罩上，因此优选地，阀盖212上设置所述内螺 纹，而阀座211上设置所述外螺纹。这样，阀盖212可以包围在阀座211的外部，方便使用者调节阀盖212。阀盖212连接至阀座211之后，在两者的内部形成阀腔215。通过该螺纹，阀盖212以中心轴线P-P为轴相对于阀座211可旋转，以沿轴向方向(即中心轴线P-P的延伸方向)调节阀腔215的轴向长度。当然，也可以采用其他方式将阀盖212可旋转地连接至阀座211，只要在旋转阀盖212的同时能够沿着轴向方向调节阀腔215的轴向长度即可。虽然图中示出的阀座211和阀盖212大体上呈圆柱形，但是在未示出的其他实施例中，阀座211和阀盖212还可以具有其他任意形状，只要能够形成可以与呼吸面罩10进行通气的阀腔215即可。阀腔215的体积不限，以佩戴舒适为佳。该阀腔215具有允许气体通过的气流通路。气流通路包括第一通气口231和第二通气口232。第一通气口231用于使阀腔215连通至呼吸面罩10(见图1)。通气控制装置可以通过设置在第一通气口231处的连接结构233可拆卸地连接至呼吸面罩10，具体地说是连接至呼吸面罩10的面罩通孔。连接结构233例如可以为卡扣连接结构、螺纹连接结构或弹性构件抱紧连接结构等。这样，可以随时更换通气控制装置，并且可以将该通气控制装置设计成可以直接应用于现有的CPAP呼吸面罩，以降低患者的使用成本。当然，如果需要，通气控制装置也可以在第一通气口231处不可拆卸地连接至呼吸面罩10。第二通气口232用于使阀腔215连通至大气。患者吸气时，新鲜的空气可以依次经过第二通气口232、第一通气口231和呼吸面罩被送入患者的口和/或鼻。反之，呼气时，呼出的气体可以沿着与上述路径相反的方向流出。第一通气口231可以设置在阀座211上。第二通气口232可以设置在阀座211上，也可以设置在阀盖212上。此外，也可以在阀座211和阀盖212上都设置第二通气口232，以增大通气面积。参见图1，通气控制装置100包括阀座111和阀盖112。在阀座111和阀盖112上均设置有第二通气口132。
阀组件210还包括阀芯213和弹性构件214。阀芯213位于阀腔215内。阀芯213可控制通过气流通路的气体流速。控制气体流速包括控制气体的流动方向以及控制气体流速的大小。弹性构件214位于阀腔215内，且弹性构件214设置在阀芯213和阀盖212之间。弹性构件214的两端可以分别顶抵在阀芯213和阀盖212上，以给阀芯213沿预定方向的移动提供阻力。也可以是，弹性构件214的一端顶抵在阀芯213和阀盖212其中 一个上，而弹性构件214的另一端连接至阀芯213和阀盖212中的另一个。为了实现呼气正压，该预定方向对应于患者的呼气方向。阀芯213沿着对应于患者呼气的方向移动时，弹性构件214给提供阀芯213提供阻力，以便提供呼气正压。患者呼气时，需要克服弹性构件214产生的阻力使阀芯213移动，由此来保证呼气正压。相关病理研究成果表明，OSAHS患者在吸气时气道没有阻塞，只在呼气时有阻塞。本发明采用呼气正压来防止上呼吸道塌陷，进而对OSAHS起到治疗作用。弹性构件214可以为弹簧或其他任何形式的弹性体等，还可以由形态记忆材料制成，形态记忆材料例如是具有形态记忆性能的合金或塑料等。
在一个实施例中，阀芯213为沿预定方向开启的单向阀芯。也就是说，阀芯213仅在患者呼气时开启。患者的吸气可以通过另外设置在呼气面罩10(见图1)或该通气控制装置上的吸气阀来完成。吸气阀可以为任意类型的单向阀，只要在呼吸面罩的空腔(其与患者口和/或鼻连通)内的压力小于或等于大气压时能够开启即可。事实上，在该实施例中，阀组件220仅用作排气阀。阀腔215所具有的气流通路仅为排气通道。
在另一实施例中，阀组件220既能够实现排气功能，又能够达到进气目的。如图3所示，在阀芯213上设置有通孔216。阀组件220还包括设置在通孔216处的单向阀217。单向阀217能够沿与预定方向相反的方向开启通孔216。也就是说，单向阀217可以沿着与吸气方向相对应的方向开启通孔216，由此单向阀217可以称为吸气阀。患者吸气时，单向阀217开启。在该实施例中，单向阀217可以为由弹性材料或形态记忆材料制成的阀瓣。但是如果需要，单向阀217可以为任意类型的单向阀，只要呼吸面罩的空腔(其与患者口和/或鼻连通)内的压力小于大气压时能够开启即可。在该实施例中，通过单向阀217与阀芯213和弹性构件214的配合，阀腔215可以在吸气和呼气时分别具有进气通道和排气通道。进气通道沿着气流方向依次包括第二通气口232、通孔216和第一通气口231。排气通道沿着气流方向依次包括第一通气口231、阀芯213开启时与阀座211之间的间隙、以及第二通气口232。
在上述及下文的实施例的基础上，可以在阀座211上设置限位件(未示出)，例如挡块、凸起等。限位件用于限制阀芯213仅在开启位置和关闭位置之间移动，以避免患者呼气时阀芯213的剧烈震动导致噪音过大。
下面将详细解释本发明提供的能够精确调节呼气正压的调节机构。调节机构220可以包括卡合件221和多个档位槽222。为了清楚地显示调节机构220包含的各个部件的功能，图4和图5示出卡合件221和多个档位槽222以及它们所在的部件。同时参照图3-5，卡合件221设置在阀盖212上，而档位槽222设置在阀座211上。
多个档位槽222沿着阀座211的周向方向设置。档位槽222可以设置在阀座211的整个圆周上，也可以设置在圆周的一部分上，例如四分之三的圆周上。阀盖212通常会设计成相对于阀座211可旋转数周，以增大调节能力，因此优选地，档位槽222设置在阀座211的整个圆周上，以便在阀盖212旋转的整个过程中能够连续地精确调节呼气正压。档位槽222的数量可以根据需要来设置。档位槽222的数量越多，每个档位槽222之间的间距越短，阀盖212的调节角度越小，压力变化也越小，从而使调节压力更加精确。考虑到阀组件220的尺寸不易过大，档位槽222的数量一般在8-12个范围内为佳。档位槽222的形状可以是多样的，比如圆弧形槽(见图5)或直角形槽(见图4)等。档位槽222的形状不同，每次调节时卡合件221从目前卡合的档位槽222进入相邻的档位槽222时反馈回来的手感力度跟声响会不同。本领域的技术人员可以根据需要来选择档位槽222的形状。
卡合件221可以与至少一个档位槽222卡合。在图中所示的实施例中，调节机构220具有两个卡合件221。这两个卡合件221关于中线轴线P-P(见图2-3)对称地设置。两个卡合件221分别跟两个档位槽222卡合。当然，在未示出的其他实施例中，卡合件221的数量也可以为一个或更多个。此外，每个卡合件221也可以同时与相邻的多个档位槽222卡合。阀盖212相对于阀座211旋转时，卡合件221可与相邻的档位槽222卡合。通过旋转阀盖212可以调节阀腔215的轴向尺寸，进而调节弹性构件214的形变量，从而调节呼气正压。这样就将呼气正压与卡合件221和不同档位槽222的卡合联系在一起。但是，对呼气正压的调节并不是由卡合件221与不同的档位槽222卡合所唯一确定的，影响呼气正压的因素还包括弹性构件214的弹性(例如弹簧的劲度系数)和螺纹的螺距。因此，通过合理地选择弹性构件214和螺纹，可以更进一步精确地控制呼气正压的调节。
为了能够相互卡合，卡合件221和档位槽222分别设置在阀盖212和 阀座211的相对的侧面上。在图3-4所示的优选实施例中，档位槽222设置在阀座211的内周表面上。阀盖212可以包括螺纹连接部212a和支撑部212b。阀盖212通过螺纹连接部212a连接至阀座211。支撑部212b连接至螺纹连接部212a。支撑部212b可以与螺纹连接部212a成一体，也可以硬连接至螺纹连接部212a。支撑部212b伸入至阀座211的内侧。从剖面图中看，阀盖212的螺纹连接部212a和支撑部212b将阀座211的设置有螺纹的部分夹在中间。卡合件221可以设置在支撑部212b上，并与档位槽222相对。这种优选方案使得整个通气控制装置更加紧凑。而对于阀座211上设置内螺纹而阀盖212上设置外螺纹的情形(未示出)而言，阀盖212的螺纹连接部和支撑部可以均位于阀座211的内侧。
但是阀盖212和阀座211还包括其他的相对的侧面，例如阀盖212的内周表面和阀座211的外周表面。作为示例，卡合件221可以设置在阀盖212的内周表面上，而档位槽222设置在阀座211的外周表面上。
在另一实施例中，卡合件和档位槽也可以反过来设置，即档位槽622设置在阀盖612上，而卡合件621设置在阀座611上，如图6所示。图6与图3-5所示的实施例的主要区别就在于卡合件621和档位槽622的位置关系。因此，对于与上述实施例相同或相似的结构和部件在此处将不再进一步详细地描述。而且，除非特别指明，下文将描述的特征也适用于卡合件和档位槽的上述两种位置关系：1)卡合件221设置在阀盖212上，而档位槽222设置在阀座211上(图3-5)；2)档位槽222设置在阀盖212上，而卡合件221设置在阀座211上(图6)。在图6所示的实施例中，阀盖612包括螺纹连接部612a和支撑部612b。阀盖612通过螺纹连接部612a连接至阀座611。支撑部612b连接至螺纹连接部612a。支撑部612b伸入至阀座611的内侧。档位槽622可以设置在支撑部612b上，并与卡合件621卡合。
返回参见图3，调节机构还可以包括指示构件(未示出)。指示构件可以设置在具有外螺纹的部件上，在图3所示的实施例中，指示构件可以设置在阀座211上。根据由具有内螺纹的部件(在图3中为阀盖212)露出的部分来指示调节后的压力值。作为示例，指示构件可以设置在阀座211的螺纹处。该指示构件可以是机械标识，例如刻度、颜色标识等。阀盖212调节到不同的位置会露出不同的刻度或颜色，以指示调节后的压力值。在 阀座211上具有内螺纹而阀盖212上具有外螺纹的情形中，指示构件设置在阀盖212上。这样，阀盖212相对于阀座211调节到不同的位置会露出阀盖212上的指示构件。
在一组优选实施例中，如图3-4所示，卡合件221可以包括弹性臂221a和凸起221b。在图示实施例中，弹性臂221a与阀盖212的支撑部212b成一体，也可以理解为这两个部件的功能可以集中在一个部件上。在下文将介绍的其他实施例中，弹性臂221a和支撑部212b分别具有各自的用途。如图3-4所示，弹性臂221a的第一端连接至阀盖212，也就是连接至阀盖212的支撑部212b。凸起221b设置在弹性臂221a的与第一端相对的第二端上。凸起221b可与档位槽222卡合。弹性臂221a可以由具有一定弹性的材料，例如塑料等制成。弹性臂221a也可以通过制作成片材来实现其弹性，此情况下可选择的材料包括塑料、金属等。弹性臂221a随着阀盖212转动进行压力设定过程中，经过档位槽222的凸位时会被挤压变形，经过档位槽222的凹位时又恢复原状，释放形变力，并以手感和声响的方式反馈给使用者。相当于在压力设定过程中，提供一系列准确的调节反馈给使用者，而且每一档位之间的压力变化是可知的，也是可计算的。这就方便了使用者进行调节，也提高了使用感受。
此外，在卡合件设置在阀座上的实施例中，如图6所示，弹性臂(被其他部件遮挡而无法示出)可以连接至阀座611。作为示例，可以在阀座611上设置一个开口。弹性臂位于该开口中，并且弹性臂的第一端连接到阀座611上。凸起621b设置在弹性臂的与第一端相对的第二端上。凸起621b可与档位槽622卡合。在该实施例中，阀盖612的支撑部612b用于支撑档位槽622。对于压力调节过程以及该过程中凸起621b的结构和工作方式与上述实施例相同，因此本文将不再赘述。
在另一组优选实施例中，卡合件与档位槽之间的弹性配合也可以通过带弹性体的凸块、刚性球等来实现。如图7a-7b所示，卡合件721可以包括限位槽721a、凸出部721b和弹性体721c。限位槽721a设置在阀座711(见图7b)或阀盖712(见图7a)上。图7a-7b中的阀盖712都包括螺纹连接部和支撑部。在图7a中，限位槽721a可以设置在阀盖712的支撑部上。在图7b中，档位槽722设置在阀盖712的支撑部上。支撑部可以是刚性的。支撑部也可以构造为在外力作用下具有一定的弹性，例如，卡合件 721越过档位槽722的凸位时，支撑部可以具有一定的形变。凸出部721b设置在限位槽721a中。凸出部721b受到限位槽721a的槽口的限制，仅凸出部721b的一部分可伸出至限位槽721a之外与档位槽722卡合。限位槽721a可以具有开口小且底部大的结构。凸出部721b可以是刚性球。刚性球的直径大于限位槽721a的开口尺寸，从而限制刚性球仅一部分可伸出至限位槽721a之外。除此之外，凸出部821b还可以具有其他结构，例如图8a-8b所示的，只要能够受到限位槽的限制而仅一部分伸出限位槽之外即可。弹性体721c设置在限位槽721a的底部与凸出部721b之间，以便为凸出部721b提供推力。弹性体721c可以为弹簧，也可以为硅胶、泡沫等的弹性体。
通气控制装置在使用前通常会通过旋转阀盖将治疗压力设定到所需值时，并且不希望在治疗过程中产生压力波动。但是患者的误操作，或者不小心触碰，或者佩戴时身体的移动都可能导致阀盖发生转动，使外接的呼吸面罩的空腔内的正压发生变化，从而可能导致治疗失效。基于此，进一步优选地，本发明提供的通气控制装置还包括锁定机构。锁定机构是为了限制阀盖的旋转，而当需要调节时只需要解开锁定即可。锁定机构可以使调节好的压力位置固定，不因外部因素而改变。该锁定机构构造为：阀盖相对于阀座旋转之后，将卡合件锁定在相应的档位槽内。
在一个优选实施例中，通气控制装置包括一种推进式锁定机构。如图3、4和9所示，该锁定机构240装配在阀盖212上。其中，图3和4示出的锁定机构处于锁定状态，图9示出的锁定机构处于解锁状态。锁定机构240包括锁定件241和操作柄242。
锁定件241在阀盖212的径向方向上位于卡合件221的内侧。锁定件241具有锁定位置和解锁位置。锁定件241处于锁定位置时抵靠在卡合件221上。这样，卡合件221无法越过档位槽222的凸位，从而被锁定在当前卡合的档位槽222中，阀盖212无法旋转。锁定件241处于解锁位置时，卡合件221能够跟随阀盖212的旋转与相邻的档位槽222卡合。操作柄242连接至锁定件241，以带动锁定件241在锁定位置和解锁位置之间移动。操作柄242在阀盖212的轴向上设置在阀盖212的外侧，以方便使用者的操作。在一个优选实施例中，锁定件241可以为连接至操作柄242的悬臂。阀盖212上可以设置有开槽。悬臂沿着轴向方向穿过开槽延伸至阀盖212 的内侧。此外，操作柄上还可以设置方便使用者抓取的凹槽143(见图1)或防滑纹等。
作为示例，锁定位置和解锁位置可以为沿着中心轴线P-P设置的两个位置。这样，锁定件241可以由操作柄242带动沿着中心轴线P-P移动，就能够在锁定位置和解锁位置之间移动。此处，锁定件241进行平移移动。当需要进行压力锁定时，通过操作柄242将锁定件241向内推动，锁定件241抵靠在卡合件221上，这样卡合件221将不能发生变形，由于跟阀座211上的档位槽222的干涉而无法旋转，如图3所示。锁定件241处于锁定位置。当需要调节解锁时，沿着中心轴线P-P向外拉操作柄242，锁定件241离开卡合件221，锁定件241处于解锁位置。此时，卡合件221不再受到锁定件241的限制，如图9所示，卡合件221恢复形变能力，也就恢复了阀盖212对治疗压力的调节。此时，旋转阀盖212，可以将卡合件221旋转至与相邻的档位槽222卡合，直到调节至理想的治疗压力。锁定机构240处于解锁状态时，可以拉出阀盖212的外部，也可以通过挂扣243等方式防止锁定机构240脱出阀盖212。锁定机构240可以由刚性的金属、或者不易变形的塑料等材料制成。锁定机构240也可以由普通的塑性材料，但需要保证锁定件241在锁定时不能发生变形，这可以通过在锁定件241的径向内侧增加加强件1000等结构来实现(见图10)。该加强件1000可以固定在阀盖212上。加强件1000能够抵靠在锁定件241上。加强件1000可以为以中心轴线P-P为轴的圆柱体或其他结构。该加强件1000也可以增加到图7a-7b、图8a-8b、图11a-11b等所示的实施例中。此外，在不设置加强件1000的情况下，也可以将锁定件241设计成圆柱形，以保持其刚性。
本领域的技术人员可以理解，在上述锁定机构240的基础上通过简单的变型，可以将其应用至其他实施例中。例如，锁定机构240的原理可以应用至图7a和8a所示的实施例中。当锁定机构240的锁定件241向内移动进入锁定位置时，可以沿着径向向外的方向挤压弹性臂(未示出，可以参见图3中的弹性臂221a来理解)及其上的卡合件721和821，使弹性体721c和821c处于最大压缩状态，从而令凸出部721b和821b无法退回到限位槽721a和821a内，进而无法越过档位槽722和822的凸位。
锁定件在锁定位置和解锁位置之间的移动除了上述平移移动之外，还包括旋转移动。因此，通气控制装置可以包括一种旋转式锁定机构。具体 地说，锁定位置和解锁位置可以为沿着阀盖212的周向方向设置的两个位置。参见图11a和11b，图11a示出了锁定件1041处于锁定位置，图11b示出了锁定件1041处于解锁位置。图11a和11b中与前述实施例相同的部件采用了相同的附图标记，并且此处仅针对不同之处进行详细描述。锁定件1041可以由操作柄1042带动沿着阀盖212的周向方向移动，即沿着图中箭头所示的方向或与箭头所示的方向相反的方法移动，这样，能够在锁定位置和解锁位置之间移动。此处，锁定件1041进行旋转移动。如图11a所示，锁定件1041处于锁定位置，抵靠在卡合件221上。需要调节压力时，沿着箭头所示的方向旋转操作柄1042，锁定件1041离开卡合件221，卡合件221不再受到锁定件241的限制，如图11b所示。此时，旋转阀盖212，可以将卡合件221旋转至与相邻的档位槽222卡合，直到调节至理想的治疗压力。治疗压力调节完毕后，可以继续旋转操作柄1042，使锁定件1041抵靠卡合件221。类似于上文所述地，本领域的技术人员通过简单变型，也可以将该旋转式锁定机构应用至图7a和8a所示的实施例中。
此外，旋转式锁定机构还可以通过以下方式来实现：锁定件1041上可以设置有凹槽，当需要进入解锁状态时，将凹槽对准卡合件221；当需要进入锁定状态时，将锁定件1041的非凹槽部分对准卡合件221。
需要说明的是，上述推进式锁定机构和旋转式锁定机构通常适用于以下情形：档位槽设置在阀座的内周表面上，而卡合件设置在阀盖的支撑部上。因此，为了适用于上述各种结构的通气控制装置，本发明还提供一种较通用的紧固式锁定机构。该锁定机构可以包括锁定紧固件1210，如图12所示。锁定紧固件1210可以为螺钉等。锁定紧固件1210可以沿着阀盖212的径向穿过阀盖212并紧固在阀座211上。阀盖212和阀座211与前述实施例基本相同，因此这里不再详细描述。阀盖212上可以设置有锁定紧固件1210可穿过的孔。锁定紧固件1210穿过阀盖212后抵顶在阀座211上。当阀盖212上设置外螺纹而阀座211上设置内螺纹时，锁定紧固件1210则穿过阀座211并紧固在阀盖212上。当需要解锁该锁定机构时，只要将锁定紧固件1210松开或取下即可。
可选地，锁定紧固件1210可以沿着阀盖212的轴向(P-P)阀盖212并紧固在阀座211上。例如，锁定紧固件1210可以从阀盖212的后端穿过阀盖，并抵顶在阀座211的后端面上。在此情形下，锁定紧固件1210优选 地设置成可伸缩的，以便阀盖212相对于阀座211调节后适应两者的后端之间的距离。另外，可选地，如图14-15所示，阀座1411上可以设置有允许锁定紧固件1410穿过的凸耳1420。锁定紧固件1410穿过该凸耳1420后从外部紧固到阀盖1412上。可选地，锁定紧固件1410的头部可以进入设置在阀盖1412上的对应的沉孔或通孔1430等。可以理解，类似的凸耳1420也可以设置在阀盖1412上，而沉孔或通孔设置在阀座1411上。
参见图13，为了保证锁定紧固件1310的锁紧效果，在阀座1311的相应位置处可以设置有多个止转槽1320。多个止转槽1320与阀盖212上的多个档位槽相对应。锁定紧固件1310可以穿过阀盖212紧固在多个止转槽1320的至少一个内。止转槽1320可以沿着中心轴线P-P延伸，以便阀盖212相对于阀座1311调节后，锁定紧固件1310的头部仍然能够固定在止转槽1320中。
本发明还提供一种呼吸面罩设备。该呼吸面罩设备包括上文所述的任一种呼吸面罩以及上文所述的任一种通气控制装置。呼吸面罩具有与患者的口和/或鼻连通的空腔。通气控制装置连接至呼吸面罩。通气控制装置的气流通路连通至该空腔。预定方向对应于所述患者的呼气方向。对于它们所包含的各个部件、结构可以参照上文相应部分的描述。
本发明的通气控制装置通过阀盖和阀座的螺纹连接来调节阀组件的移动阻力，进而调节呼吸面罩的治疗压力。通过设置在阀盖和阀座上的调节机构(包括档位槽和卡合件)，在旋转阀盖调节治疗压力时，以手感和声响的方式反馈给使用者。相当于在压力设定过程中，提供一系列准确的调节反馈给使用者，而且每一档位之间的压力变化是可知的，以便使用者精确地调节治疗压力。同时，这种能够提供调节反馈的调节机构也提高了通气控制装置的用户体验，提高了使用感受。
本发明已经通过上述实施例进行了说明，但应当理解的是，上述实施例只是用于举例和说明的目的，而非意在将本发明限制于所描述的实施例范围内。此外本领域技术人员可以理解的是，本发明并不局限于上述实施例，根据本发明的教导还可以做出更多种的变型和修改，这些变型和修改均落在本发明所要求保护的范围以内。本发明的保护范围由附属的权利要求书及其等效范围所界定。

Claims (12)

  1. 一种用于呼吸面罩的通气控制装置，其特征在于，所述通气控制装置包括：阀组件和调节机构；
    所述阀组件，包括：阀座、阀盖、阀芯和弹性构件；
    所述阀盖可旋转地连接至所述阀座，所述阀盖与所述阀座形成阀腔，所述阀腔具有允许气体通过的气流通路；
    所述阀芯位于所述阀腔内且可控制通过所述气流通路的气体流速；以及
    所述弹性构件位于所述阀腔内，所述弹性构件设置在所述阀芯和所述阀盖之间，以给所述阀芯沿预定方向的移动提供阻力；
    所述调节机构，包括卡合件和多个档位槽，
    其中，所述多个档位槽设置在所述阀座和所述阀盖的其中一个的周向方向上，所述卡合件设置在所述阀座和所述阀盖中的另一个上，
    所述卡合件与至少一个所述档位槽卡合，且所述阀盖相对于所述阀座旋转时，所述卡合件可与相邻的所述档位槽卡合。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的通气控制装置，其特征在于，所述卡合件包括：弹性臂和凸起；
    所述弹性臂的第一端连接至所述阀座或所述阀盖上；以及
    所述凸起设置在所述弹性臂的与所述第一端相对的第二端上，所述凸起可与所述档位槽卡合。
  3. 如权利要求1所述的通气控制装置，其特征在于，所述卡合件包括：限位槽、凸出部和弹性体；
    所述限位槽设置在所述阀座或所述阀盖上；
    所述凸出部设置在所述限位槽中，所述凸出部受到所述限位槽的槽口的限制，仅所述凸出部的一部分可伸出至所述限位槽之外与所述档位槽卡合；以及
    所述弹性体设置在所述限位槽的底部与所述凸出部之间，以为所述凸出部提供推力。
  4. 如权利要求1所述的通气控制装置，其特征在于，所述阀盖包括：螺纹连接部和支撑部；
    所述阀盖通过所述螺纹连接部连接至所述阀座；
    所述支撑部连接至所述螺纹连接部，并伸入至所述阀座的内侧，
    其中，所述卡合件设置在所述阀座的内周表面和所述支撑部的其中一个上，
    所述多个档位槽设置在所述阀座的内周表面和所述支撑部中的另一个上。
  5. 如权利要求4所述的通气控制装置，其特征在于，所述多个档位槽设置在所述阀座的内周表面上且所述卡合件设置在所述支撑部上时，所述通气控制装置还包括将所述卡合件锁定在相应的档位槽内的锁定机构。
  6. 如权利要求5所述的通气控制装置，其特征在于，所述锁定机构包括：锁定件和操作柄；
    所述锁定件在所述阀盖的径向方向上位于所述卡合件的内侧，所述锁定件具有锁定位置和解锁位置，其中，所述锁定件处于所述锁定位置时抵靠在所述卡合件上；且所述锁定件处于所述解锁位置时所述卡合件能够跟随所述阀盖的旋转与相邻的档位槽卡合；以及
    所述操作柄连接至所述锁定件，以带动所述锁定件沿所述阀盖的轴向方向或周向方向在所述锁定位置和所述解锁位置之间移动。
  7. 如权利要求6所述的通气控制装置，其特征在于，所述锁定件为连接至所述操作柄的悬臂，所述阀盖上设置有开槽，所述操作柄在所述阀盖的轴向方向上位于所述阀盖的外侧，所述悬臂沿着所述轴向方向穿过所述开槽延伸至所述阀盖的内侧。
  8. 如权利要求6所述的通气控制装置，其特征在于，所述阀盖上还设置有加强件，所述加强件在所述阀盖的径向方向上位于所述锁定件的内侧，并抵靠在所述锁定件上。
  9. 如权利要求1所述的通气控制装置，其特征在于，所述通气控制装置还包括将所述卡合件锁定在相应的档位槽内的锁定机构。
  10. 如权利要求9所述的通气控制装置，其特征在于，所述锁定机构包括锁定紧固件，所述锁定紧固件沿着轴向或径向穿过所述阀盖和所述阀座的其中一个，并且紧固在所述阀盖和所述阀座中的另一个上。
  11. 如权利要求10所述的通气控制装置，其特征在于，所述阀盖和所述阀座的其中一个上设置有多个止转槽，所述多个止转槽与所述多个档位槽相对应，所述锁定紧固件可穿过所述阀盖和所述阀座中的另一个后紧固 在所述多个止转槽中的至少一个内。
  12. 一种呼吸面罩设备，其特征在于，包括：
    呼吸面罩，所述呼吸面罩具有与患者的口和/或鼻连通的空腔；以及
    如权利要求1-11中任一项所述的通气控制装置，所述通气控制装置连接至所述呼吸面罩，所述通气控制装置的所述气流通路连通至所述空腔。
PCT/CN2016/112690 2015-12-29 2016-12-28 用于呼吸面罩的通气控制装置和呼吸面罩设备 WO2017114427A1 (zh)

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CN113332624B (zh) * 2021-07-07 2022-06-24 河南科技大学第一附属医院 一种智能呼吸过滤装置
CN113521474B (zh) * 2021-07-12 2024-06-25 济南国科医工科技发展有限公司 可控压力呼吸面罩装置

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