WO2017113983A1

WO2017113983A1 - Anti-derailing bogie based on adapter positioning detection and derailing detection method

Info

Publication number: WO2017113983A1
Application number: PCT/CN2016/104398
Authority: WO
Inventors: 神圣; 刘凤伟; 王宝磊; 姜瑞金; 徐勇; 陈祖顺; 张良威; 肖光毅; 罗辉; 刘爱文; 易军恩; 黎巧能; 江荷燕
Original assignee: 中车长江车辆有限公司
Priority date: 2015-12-30
Filing date: 2016-11-03
Publication date: 2017-07-06
Also published as: CN105480250A; CN105480250B

Abstract

An anti-derailing bogie based on adapter positioning detection and a derailing detection method. The anti-derailing bogie comprises axle box positioning devices (1), a side frame assembly (2), a swing bolster assembly (3), basic braking devices (4), and a wheel axle assembly (5), wherein an adapter (6) is mounted between the side frame assembly (2) and the axle box positioning device (1). The anti-derailing bogie further comprises derailing detection devices (7) mounted on the inner side surfaces of four adapters (6). In the derailing detection method, a function of derailing warning for a railway vehicle is implemented by adding derailing detection devices (7) on a bogie, thereby resolving the problem in railway vehicles of being unable to predict derailing, and providing guarantees for ensuring railway transportation safety and reducing derailing accidents of railway vehicles.

Description

Anti-derailing bogie and derailment detection method based on bearing saddle positioning detection

Technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of railway transportation equipment, in particular to an anti-derailing bogie and a derailment detection method based on bearing saddle positioning detection.

Background technique

Derailment of trains is a major driving accident in the operation of railway vehicles. The occurrence of derailment accidents will cause damage to vehicles, cargo, transportation equipment and communication equipment. In serious cases, it will also hurt life. Therefore, it is highly valued by countries all over the world. Since the speed increase of China's railways in 1997, the derailment of freight trains has been on the rise; in the past 10 years, the ratio of derailment accidents in China's railway traffic and major accidents is as high as 70%. In order to ensure the safety of railway transportation, it is an important and urgent task to find out countermeasures against prevention and reduce the derailment of trucks.

The causes of derailment accidents are complex, that is, human factors, equipment factors, and natural disasters. Derailment accidents can be greatly reduced after improving train performance, strengthening staff quality and safety education, but it is impossible to completely eliminate them, because irresistible natural disasters are one of the main causes of derailment.

Although derailment is unavoidable, it is possible to increase the derailment detection device on the vehicle to achieve the effect of early warning before derailment and braking loss after derailment. At present, the derailment braking technology is relatively mature. The derailment automatic braking device developed by CSR has been widely used in trucks of 70t class or above, and the effect is remarkable. Relatively, the derailment detection technology capable of realizing the early warning function has not been put into use. At present, the railway company has begun to organize the development of express trucks. The Jinzhongnan heavy-duty coal line will also be put into use. The demand for express trucks and heavy trucks is becoming more and more urgent. One of the key technologies to achieve these goals is to prevent vehicles from derailing. . However, the main development for the derailment problem is the derailment braking technology and the product with derailment warning function. Still in the experimental stage, due to technical difficulties, no large-scale success cases have been seen, and it is still in the market blank period, and its potential and value are enormous. Therefore, the development of anti-off-track bogie is a significant research topic.

Summary of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide an anti-derailing bogie and a derailment detecting method based on the bearing saddle positioning detection, to realize the early warning function of the railway vehicle before derailment, to solve the problem that the railway vehicle cannot predict the derailment, and to reduce the derailment of the truck to ensure the safety of the railway transportation. The accident offered the possibility.

In order to achieve the above object, the anti-derailing bogie based on the bearing saddle positioning detection designed by the invention comprises an axle box positioning device, a side frame composition, a bolster composition, a basic braking device and an axle component, and the side frame composition and the axle The box positioning devices are connected by a bearing saddle and are characterized by:

It also includes a derailment detecting device mounted on the inner side of the four carrying saddles, the derailing detecting device comprising four supporting frames, and four laser displacement meters and processor systems for use therewith;

The axle assembly comprises a wheel and an axle, and the bearing saddle is integrally casted with a pair of cantilever beams facing the side of the wheel, the cantilever beam is perpendicular to the side of the bearing saddle, and the cantilever beam is further provided for mounting derailment detection Through hole of the device;

The support frame is integrally formed by a casting mold, and is formed by a combination of a mounting base surface, a diagonal connecting rod, a horizontal connecting rod, a vertical connecting rod and a curved connecting rod; one end of the mounting base is connected with one end of the inclined connecting rod, The other end of the oblique connecting rod is connected to one end of the horizontal connecting rod, the other end of the horizontal connecting rod is connected to one end of the vertical connecting rod, and the other end of the vertical connecting rod is connected with one end of the curved connecting rod, the curved connecting rod The other end is connected to the other end of the mounting base, the angle between the vertical connecting rod and the horizontal connecting rod is a right angle, and the angle between the oblique connecting rod and the horizontal connecting rod is an acute angle, the mounting base Parallel to the horizontal connecting rods, the supporting frame as a whole has a frame structure similar to a right-angled trapezoid;

The mounting base is provided with a mounting hole matching the through hole of the cantilever beam, and the mounting base of the support frame is fixedly mounted on the lower surface of the cantilever beam of the bearing saddle, and the axle is located inside the frame structure of the supporting frame ;

The laser displacement meter and the processor system are mounted at an acute angle of the oblique connecting rod and the horizontal connecting rod, and the laser displacement meter and the processor system are located directly above the railway rail, thereby measuring the wheel relative to The amount of lifting of the railway rails is processed and judged according to the amount of lifting.

Preferably, the mounting base of the support frame is fixed to the lower surface of the cantilever beam of the saddle by rivets or bolts.

Preferably, the processor of the laser displacement meter and the processor system is a single chip microcomputer.

Further, the center of the cross-section of the arc-shaped connecting rod coincides with the center of the cross-section of the axle, and the radius of the circle corresponding to the curved connecting rod is 110-120 mm.

In addition, the present invention also provides a derailment detecting method for the anti-derailing bogie, which is special in that it comprises the following steps:

1) The laser displacement meter and the processor system are turned on, and the vertical distance data of the laser displacement meter itself from the upper surface of the rail is collected by the laser displacement meter, and the data acquired at the mth time is recorded as H _m ; the average value of the data calculated by the processor is taken as The reference point of this measurement is recorded as H ₀ ;

2) The difference between H _m and H ₀ is that the lifting amount of the wheel relative to the rail is h _m =H _m -H ₀ for performing the judgment;

3) If the value of the mth time value h _m is greater than the set security value, the processor records the current data h _m , marked as 1 time;

4) If the m+1th value h _{m+1 is} greater than the mth time value h _m , the processor records the current data h _m+1 , which is marked as 2 times;

5) If the m+2 times value h _{m+2 is} greater than the m+1th time value h _m+1 , marked as 3 times;

6) If the above steps 3), 4) and 5) are continuously satisfied, the processor sends an alarm signal until the hm value is less than the set safety value;

7) If the above steps 3), 4) and 5) are not continuously satisfied, the sampling judgment is continued without alarm.

In the above technical solution, the three consecutive comparisons of the safety value and h _m , h _m and h _m+1 , h _m+1 and h _m+2 greatly reduce the line damage caused by line damage, rail joints and ballasts. False positives.

The laser displacement meter and the processor system mainly play two roles in use: one is to monitor the running state of the bogie; the other is to send an alarm message before the vehicle is derailed.

The invention has the beneficial effects that the warning function of the railway vehicle before derailment is realized by adding the derailment detecting device on the bogie, and the problem that the railway vehicle cannot predict the derailment is solved, and the railway transportation safety is ensured, and the derailment accident of the truck is guaranteed.

DRAWINGS

1 is a schematic structural view of an anti-derailing bogie based on bearing saddle positioning detection;

Figure 2 is a schematic view showing the structure of the bearing saddle in Figure 1;

Figure 3 is a schematic structural view of the support frame of Figure 1;

Figure 4 is a schematic view showing the mounting structure of the bearing saddle and the support frame;

Figure 5 is a schematic view showing the mounting position of the support frame and the axle of Figure 1;

6 is a schematic flow chart of a method for detecting a derailed bogie;

Figure 7 is a schematic view showing the normal contact state of the wheel and rail;

Figure 8 is a schematic view of the rim abutment state;

Figure 9 is a schematic view of the continuous climbing state;

Figure 10 is a schematic view of the derailment state.

In the figure, the axle box positioning device 1, the side frame component 2, the bolster composition 3, the basic brake device 4, the axle assembly 5, the wheel 5a, the axle 5b, the bearing saddle 6, the derailment detecting device 7, the support frame 8, the laser displacement The processor system 9 and the rail 10 are used.

detailed description

The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments:

As shown in FIG. 1 to FIG. 5, the anti-derailing bogie based on the saddle positioning detection of the present embodiment includes an axle box positioning device 1, a side frame component 2, a bolster composition 3, a basic braking device 4, and an axle assembly. The side frame composition 2 is connected to the axle box positioning device 1 through the bearing saddle 6;

It also includes a derailment detecting device 7 mounted on the inner side of the four carrying saddles 6, the derailing detecting device 7 includes four supporting frames 8, and four laser displacement meters and processor systems 9 for use therewith;

The axle assembly 5 includes a wheel 5a and an axle 5b integrally molded with a pair of cantilever beams 6a perpendicular to the side of the wheel 5a, the cantilever beam 6a being perpendicular to the side of the bearing saddle 6, the cantilever beam 6a is also provided with a through hole 6b for mounting the derailment detecting device 7;

The support frame 8 is integrally formed by a casting mold, and is composed of a mounting base 8a, a diagonal connecting rod 8b, a horizontal connecting rod 8c, a vertical connecting rod 8d and a curved connecting rod 8e; the mounting base 8a is at one end and The oblique connecting rod 8b is connected at one end, the other end of the oblique connecting rod 8b is connected to one end of the horizontal connecting rod 8c, the other end of the horizontal connecting rod 8c is connected to one end of the vertical connecting rod 8d, and the other end of the vertical connecting rod 8d is One end of the curved connecting rod 8e is connected, and the other end of the curved connecting rod 8e is connected to the other end of the mounting base 8a, and the angle between the vertical connecting rod 8d and the horizontal connecting rod 8c is a right angle, the oblique connection The angle between the rod 8b and the horizontal connecting rod 8c is an acute angle, and the mounting base 8a and the horizontal connecting rod 8c are parallel to each other, and the support frame 8 has a frame structure similar to a right-angled trapezoid; the center of the arc-shaped connecting rod 8e coincides with the center of the cross-section of the axle 5b, and the circle corresponding to the curved connecting rod 8e The radius is 110-120mm;

The mounting base 8a is provided with a mounting hole 8f matching the through hole 6b of the cantilever beam 6a, and the mounting base 8a of the support frame 8 is fixed to the cantilever beam 6a of the bearing saddle 6 by rivets or bolts. The surface, the axle 5b is located inside the frame structure of the support frame 8;

The laser displacement meter and processor system 9 are mounted at an acute angle between the oblique connecting rod 8b and the horizontal connecting rod 8c, and the laser displacement meter and processor system 9 are located directly above the railway rail 10, thereby Measuring the amount of lifting of the wheel 5a relative to the railway rail 10, and performing data processing and judgment according to the amount of lifting;

The processor of the laser displacement meter and the processor system 9 is a single chip microcomputer;

The method for detecting the above-mentioned anti-derailing bogie disclosed in this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 6, includes the following steps:

1) The laser displacement meter and the processor system 9 are turned on, and the vertical distance data of the laser displacement meter itself from the upper surface of the rail 10 is collected by a laser displacement meter, and the data acquired at the mth time is recorded as H _m ; in this embodiment, t>5s is selected. After that, the average value of the data calculated by the processor is taken as the reference point of the current measurement, and is recorded as H ₀ ;

2) The difference between H _m and H ₀ is that the lifting amount of the wheel 5a relative to the rail 10 is h _m =H _m -H ₀ for performing the judgment;

3) If the m-th value h _m value is greater than the set security value, the security value is set to 12 mm in this embodiment, and the processor records the current data h _m , which is marked as 1 time;

6) If the above steps 3, 4 and 5 are continuously satisfied, the processor sends an alarm signal until the h _m value is less than the set safety value;

7) If the above steps 3, 4 and 5 are not continuously satisfied, the sampling judgment is continued without alarm.

Combined with the derailment process of the wheel 10, the derailment detection is described as follows:

First, the normal state

As shown in Fig. 7, when the railway vehicle is normally running on the track, the wheel 5a makes a small serpentine motion centering on the center line of the rail 10, the wheel rim rim does not abut against the rail 10, and the wheel 5a rises relative to the rail 10. The quantity h _m is zero;

Second, the rim is in a state of contact

As shown in Fig. 8, if under certain certain conditions, the lateral force of the wheel 5a to the rail 10 is large, and the vertical force of the wheel 5a to the rail 10 is so small that the new contact point of the wheel 5a is gradually rolling. Moving to the top of the rim, the wheel 5a is gradually raised. The vertical distance H _{m of the} wheel 5a and the upper surface of the rail 10 gradually increases. When the h _m value is greater than the safe value, the processor records the current data h _m , which is marked as 1 time;

Third, continuous climbing status

As shown in Fig. 9, if the position of the contact point on the rim reaches the inflection point on the circular arc surface of the rim, that is, the point at which the rim of the rim of the rim and the central arc is the largest, the critical point of the climbing is reached. If the lateral force decreases or the vertical force increases before reaching the critical point, the wheel pair may still slide down to return to the original stable position. When the contact point exceeds the critical point, if the lateral force and the vertical force do not change much, the wheel 5a may gradually climb up the rail 10 to derail.

In this process, the wheel 5a and the vertical surface of the rail 10 continues to increase the value of the distance h _m, h _{m + 1} is greater than h _m, labeled 2, h _{m + 2} is greater than h _{m + 1,} labeled 3, Then send an alarm signal;

Fourth, derailed state

As shown in Fig. 10, if the wheel 5a continues to climb the rail, the rail 10 is climbed up until the top of the rim reaches the top surface of the rail 10 and derails.

Claims

An anti-derailing bogie based on bearing saddle positioning detection, comprising an axle box positioning device (1), a side frame composition (2), a bolster composition (3), a basic braking device (4) and an axle assembly (5), The side frame composition (2) and the axle box positioning device (1) are connected by a bearing saddle (6), which is characterized in that:

It also comprises a derailment detecting device (7) mounted on the inner side of the four carrying saddles (6), the derailing detecting device (7) comprising four support frames (8), and four laser displacement meters associated therewith Processor system (9);

The axle assembly (5) comprises a wheel (5a) and an axle (5b) integrally molded with a pair of cantilever beams (6a) facing the side of the wheel (5a), the cantilever beam (6a) A vertical hole (6b) for mounting the derailment detecting device (7) is further disposed on the cantilever beam (6a) perpendicular to a side surface of the bearing saddle (6);

The support frame (8) is integrally formed by a casting mold, and is composed of a mounting base surface (8a), a diagonal connecting rod (8b), a horizontal connecting rod (8c), a vertical connecting rod (8d) and a curved connecting rod (8e). Composed together; one end of the mounting base (8a) is connected to one end of the oblique connecting rod (8b), and the other end of the oblique connecting rod (8b) is connected to one end of the horizontal connecting rod (8c), the horizontal connecting rod (8c) The other end is connected to one end of the vertical connecting rod (8d), and the other end of the vertical connecting rod (8d) is connected to one end of the curved connecting rod (8e), and the other end of the curved connecting rod (8e) and the mounting base The other end of the face (8a) is connected, the angle between the vertical connecting rod (8d) and the horizontal connecting rod (8c) is a right angle, and between the oblique connecting rod (8b) and the horizontal connecting rod (8c) The angle is an acute angle, the mounting base surface (8a) and the horizontal connecting rod (8c) are parallel to each other, and the supporting frame (8) has a frame structure similar to a right-angled trapezoid;

The mounting base surface (8a) is provided with a mounting hole (8f) matching the through hole (6b) of the cantilever beam (6a), and the mounting base surface (8a) of the support frame (8) is fixedly mounted on the mounting hole (8a) Suspension of the saddle (6) a lower surface of the arm beam (6a), the wheel axle (5b) being located inside the frame structure of the support frame (8);

The laser displacement meter and processor system (9) are mounted at an acute angle between the oblique connecting rod (8b) and the horizontal connecting rod (8c), and the laser displacement meter is located at the processor system (9) The railway rail (10) is directly above, thereby measuring the amount of lift of the wheel (5a) relative to the railway rail (10), and performing data processing and judgment based on the amount of lift.
The anti-derailing bogie based on the saddle positioning detection according to claim 1, wherein the mounting base (8a) of the support frame (8) is fixed to the bearing saddle (6) by rivets or bolts. The lower surface of the cantilever beam (6a).
The anti-derailing bogie based on the saddle positioning detection according to claim 1, wherein the processor of the laser displacement meter and the processor system (9) is a single chip microcomputer.
The anti-derailing bogie based on the saddle positioning detection according to claim 1, wherein the center of the cross section of the arc connecting rod (8e) coincides with the center of the cross section of the axle (5b), and the arc connection The radius of the circle corresponding to the rod (8e) is 110-120 mm.
A derailment detecting method for an anti-derailing bogie based on bearing saddle positioning detection according to claim 1, comprising the following steps:

1) with a laser displacement meter processor system (9) power, the laser displacement meter gauge itself from capture by the laser displacement rails (10) on the surface of the vertical distance data, the m-th data collected referred to as H m; by processor The average value of the calculated data is taken as the reference point of this measurement and is recorded as H 0 ;

2) The difference between H m and H 0 is that the lifting amount of the wheel (5a) relative to the rail (10) is h m = H m - H 0 for performing the judgment;

3) If the value of the mth time value h m is greater than the set security value, the processor records the current data h m , marked as 1 time;

4) If the m+1th value h m+1 is greater than the mth time value h m , the processor records the current data h m+1 , which is marked as 2 times;

5) If the m+2 times value h m+2 is greater than the m+1th time value h m+1 , marked as 3 times;

6) If the above steps 3), 4) and 5) are continuously satisfied, the processor sends an alarm signal until the h m value is less than the set safety value;

7) If the above steps 3), 4) and 5) are not continuously satisfied, the sampling judgment is continued without alarm.