CN112763242A - Reliability evaluation test bed for rail state vehicle-mounted detection system - Google Patents

Reliability evaluation test bed for rail state vehicle-mounted detection system Download PDF

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CN112763242A
CN112763242A CN202110386860.3A CN202110386860A CN112763242A CN 112763242 A CN112763242 A CN 112763242A CN 202110386860 A CN202110386860 A CN 202110386860A CN 112763242 A CN112763242 A CN 112763242A
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rail
track
state
detection system
vehicle
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CN112763242B (en
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凌亮
王开云
翟婉明
徐明坤
昌超
陈是扦
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Southwest Jiaotong University
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Southwest Jiaotong University
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01MTESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01M17/00Testing of vehicles
    • G01M17/08Railway vehicles
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01MTESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01M99/00Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass

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Abstract

The invention discloses a reliability evaluation test bed for a rail state vehicle-mounted detection system, which comprises a railway rail for testing, wherein the railway rail simulates common defects and diseases on a real line and comprises four rail state simulation units, namely rail surface and inter-rail local defects, rail under-rail failure and defects, rail abrasion and line geometric irregularity. The four simulation units can be freely combined to simulate different real track states. The test bogie is provided with a vehicle-mounted detection system of the rail state to be evaluated, runs on a test bed under the traction of a driving device and forms a closed-loop system under the action of a recovery wheel. The detection condition of the track state is obtained through the detection, data acquisition and information processing of the track state vehicle-mounted detection system, and is compared with the set track state, so that the reliability of the track state vehicle-mounted detection system when the bogie runs at a low speed is evaluated, and the method has great significance for the detection and maintenance of lines and the safe operation of trains.

Description

Reliability evaluation test bed for rail state vehicle-mounted detection system
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of rail transit, and particularly relates to a reliability evaluation test bed for a rail state vehicle-mounted detection system.
Background
With the high speed of passenger transportation and the heavy load of freight transportation of modern railway trains, the dynamic problem of the railway wheel track system becomes more prominent, and the quality requirement on the line state is higher and higher. In the process of line construction and long-term service, defects and diseases generated by the track become more serious along with the continuous improvement of the running speed of the high-speed train and the continuous increase of the axle weight of the heavy-duty train, so that the wheel-rail relationship is deteriorated, and the running performance of the train is influenced. The defects and the diseases of the track can limit the running speed of the train if the defects and the diseases are slight, and can cause serious accidents such as derailment and overturn of the train if the defects and the diseases are serious, so the defects and the diseases existing in the track can be found and solved in time, the quality and the safety of the train are concerned, and the method has great significance. In recent years, with the progress and development of computer technology and machine vision technology, more and more novel rail state vehicle-mounted detection systems come into existence, including visual image processing technology, optical fiber sensing technology, rail intelligent inspection robots and the like, especially the research and development and application of rail inspection vehicles, the workload of traditional manual inspection is greatly reduced, the inspection efficiency is improved, and some problems which are difficult to find manually can be detected. In order to fully exert the advantages and performances of the rail state vehicle-mounted detection system, a rich platform is needed to check the accuracy of the rail state vehicle-mounted detection system, and the evaluation of the reliability of the rail state vehicle-mounted detection system becomes particularly important.
So far, the test methods adopted for evaluating the reliability of the rail state vehicle-mounted detection system mainly include:
firstly, a rail state vehicle-mounted detection system is installed on an actual vehicle, and detects defects and diseases of a rail on an actual line. Although the test method can be used for detecting the track state of a real vehicle in a solid line, the defects and the diseases of the tracks on the actual line are not concentrated, the period is long, the cost is high, and a large number of targeted tests are difficult to develop.
Secondly, a proportional model test: the limit of the proportional model test is that the rail state vehicle-mounted detection system cannot be accurately arranged on the test bogie, and the detection accuracy is probably influenced. Moreover, for the simulation of some rail defects, the implementation difficulty is high, and the detection result is still to be verified.
Considering various limitations and disadvantages of the test method, the invention provides a reliability evaluation test bed for a rail state vehicle-mounted detection system, which adopts a method similar to that of the actual method 1: 1 size test track and test bogie, common track defect and disease on can furthest simulation present line, the on-vehicle detecting system's of track state axle box acceleration sensor mount pad, framework acceleration sensor mount pad, the data acquisition system mount pad, modules such as information processing system mount pad can be installed at the relevant position of test bogie accurately, track state simulation unit mutual independence and accessible rail integral movement device independent assortment, can simulate the track state of different operating modes, the cycle is short, with low costs, easily develop a large amount of pertinence tests. The driving device drives the test bogie to move in two directions, so that the detection result is more accurate. The method has great significance for evaluating the reliability of the rail state vehicle-mounted detection system, detecting and maintaining the line and safely operating the train.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects, the reliability evaluation test bed for the rail state vehicle-mounted detection system is provided, and adopts a method of 1: 1 size test track and test bogie, common track defect and disease on can furthest simulation present line, the on-vehicle detecting system's of track state axle box acceleration sensor mount pad, framework acceleration sensor mount pad, the data acquisition system mount pad, modules such as information processing system mount pad can be installed at the relevant position of test bogie accurately, track state simulation unit mutual independence and accessible rail integral movement device independent assortment, can simulate the track state of different operating modes, the cycle is short, with low costs, easily develop a large amount of pertinence tests. The driving device drives the test bogie to move in two directions, so that the detection result is more accurate. The method has great significance for evaluating the reliability of the rail state vehicle-mounted detection system, detecting and maintaining the line and safely operating the train.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: the reliability evaluation test bed for the rail state vehicle-mounted detection system comprises a test railway rail for simulating common defects and diseases on a real line, wherein one end of the test railway rail is provided with a driving device 1, the other end of the test railway rail is provided with a recovery wheel 27, a steel wire rope 2 is connected with the driving device 1 and the recovery wheel 27 to form a closed loop system, a test bogie 6 is placed on the test railway rail, and the test bogie 6 is fixedly connected to the steel wire rope 2;
the railway track for the test is formed by combining any 1-4 of the following four independent track state simulation units in any order:
the rail surface and inter-rail local defect rail state simulation unit is used for simulating the rail state of the inter-rail local defect;
the under-rail failure and defect track state simulation unit is used for simulating the under-rail failure and defect track state;
the rail abrasion rail state simulation unit is used for simulating a rail state of rail abrasion;
and the track state simulation unit is used for simulating the track state of the geometric irregularity of the track.
According to the invention, a further preferable technical scheme of the reliability evaluation test bed of the rail state vehicle-mounted detection system is as follows: the rail state simulation unit is matched with a steel rail overall moving device 34, and the rail state simulation unit is carried by the steel rail overall moving device 34 and then freely combined to simulate different real rail states.
According to the invention, a further preferable technical scheme of the reliability evaluation test bed of the rail state vehicle-mounted detection system is as follows: the driving device 1 pulls the test bogie 6 to move bidirectionally along the test railway track through the steel wire rope 2.
According to the invention, a further preferable technical scheme of the reliability evaluation test bed of the rail state vehicle-mounted detection system is as follows: the defects/diseases set by the rail surface and inter-rail local defect rail state simulation unit comprise: rail surface pit 7, rail longitudinal fracture 8, rail transverse fracture 9, rail surface stripping 10 and rail low joint 11.
According to the invention, a further preferable technical scheme of the reliability evaluation test bed of the rail state vehicle-mounted detection system is as follows: the defects/diseases set by the under-rail failure and defect rail state simulation unit comprise: the method comprises the following steps of fastener missing 12, sleeper longitudinal fracture 13, fastener elastic strip fracture 14, sleeper transverse fracture 15, sleeper empty suspension 16 and rail-shaped region foreign matter 17.
According to the invention, a further preferable technical scheme of the reliability evaluation test bed of the rail state vehicle-mounted detection system is as follows: the defects/diseases set by the rail abrasion track state simulation unit comprise: rail eccentric grinding 18 and rail corrugation grinding 19.
According to the invention, a further preferable technical scheme of the reliability evaluation test bed of the rail state vehicle-mounted detection system is as follows: the defects/defects set by the track state simulation unit with the line geometry irregularity comprise a steel rail staggered tooth joint 20, a track triangular pit 21, track direction irregularity 22, track horizontal irregularity 23, track gauge irregularity 24 and track height irregularity 25.
According to the invention, a further preferable technical scheme of the reliability evaluation test bed of the rail state vehicle-mounted detection system is as follows: two symmetrical rectangular steel blocks 29 are arranged to simulate the rail malposed tooth joint 20, two asymmetrical harmonic steel blocks 30 are arranged to simulate the rail triangular pit 21, a single harmonic steel block 31 is arranged to simulate the rail horizontal irregularity 23, two symmetrical harmonic steel blocks 32 are arranged to simulate the rail height irregularity 25, and the rectangular steel blocks and the harmonic steel blocks are fixed on the rail surface of the rail through a binding belt 33.
According to the invention, a further preferable technical scheme of the reliability evaluation test bed of the rail state vehicle-mounted detection system is as follows: the test bogie 6 is provided with mounting seats, the mounting seats comprise an axle box acceleration sensor mounting seat 5a, a framework acceleration sensor mounting seat 5b, a data acquisition system mounting seat 5c and an information processing system mounting seat 5d, and different parts of the rail state vehicle-mounted detection system are correspondingly mounted on different mounting seats.
According to the invention, a further preferable technical scheme of the reliability evaluation test bed of the rail state vehicle-mounted detection system is as follows: the defect/disease sequence of the same track state simulation unit in the four track state simulation units is set in a free combination mode.
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme of the invention has the following advantages/beneficial effects:
1. the bogie for the test is controllable in speed, the reliability of the vehicle-mounted detection system at different speeds can be evaluated by setting different rotating speeds of the driving device, and bidirectional detection is realized by setting different steering directions of the driving device;
2. the bogie and the track used for the test are completely the same as the real bogie and track, so that convenience is provided for the installation and wiring of the rail state vehicle-mounted detection system, and the accuracy of the rail state vehicle-mounted detection system is improved;
3. compared with a real train test, the method does not influence the normal operation of the train, and has the advantages of convenient test, short period, low cost, high efficiency and convenient implementation;
4. the four rail state simulation units are mutually independent and can be freely combined through the steel rail integral moving device so as to simulate different rail states;
5. the driving device is connected with the test bogie by surrounding the steel wire rope through the driving wheel, and the steel wire rope is wound around the recovery wheel and then is wound on the driving wheel of the driving device to form a closed loop system. The length of the steel wire rope is constant, so that the debugging and the maintenance are convenient;
6. a sensor mounting seat of a rail state vehicle-mounted detection system, a data acquisition system mounting seat and an information processing system mounting seat are arranged on a test bogie, so that the mounting and the fixing of each module of the rail state vehicle-mounted detection system are facilitated.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings that are required to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and for those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic top view of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a partially enlarged view of a portion a in fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a partially enlarged view of section B in fig. 1.
Fig. 4 is a partially enlarged view of section C in fig. 1.
Fig. 5 is a partially enlarged view of section D in fig. 1.
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a rail low joint structure according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of a sleeper empty suspension structure according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of installation positions of a rectangular steel block and a harmonic steel block of a line geometric irregularity track state simulation unit according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is a side view of a corresponding mounting seat on a truck in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 10 is a front view of a corresponding mount on a truck of an embodiment of the present invention.
The labels in the figure are respectively: 1. a drive device; 2. a wire rope; 3. a steel rail; 4. a sleeper; 5a, an axle box acceleration sensor mounting seat, 5b, a framework acceleration sensor mounting seat, 5c, a data acquisition system mounting seat, 5d, an information processing system mounting seat; 6. testing a bogie; 7. a rail surface pit; 8. longitudinal fracture of the steel rail; 9. the steel rail is transversely broken; 10. stripping the rail surface; 11. a rail low joint; 12. the fastener is missing; 13. longitudinal fracture of the sleeper; 14. the fastener elastic strip is broken; 15. the sleeper is transversely broken; 16. the sleeper is suspended in the air; 17. foreign matter in the rail-shaped area; 18. eccentric grinding of the steel rail; 19. grinding the steel rail by waves; 20. a rail malocclusion joint; 21. a track triangular pit; 22. the track direction is not smooth; 23. the track is not smooth horizontally; 24. the track gauge is not smooth; 25. the track is uneven; 26. a fastener; 27. a recovery wheel; 28. ballast; 29. two symmetrical rectangular steel blocks; 30. two asymmetric harmonic shaped steel blocks; 31. a single harmonic shaped steel block; 32. two symmetrical harmonic steel blocks; 33. binding a belt; 34. steel rail integral moving device.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are a part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without any inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention. Thus, the detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided below is not intended to limit the scope of the invention as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention.
It should be noted that: like reference numbers and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, it may not be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.
Fig. 1 to 5 show that the reliability evaluation test bed for the rail state vehicle-mounted detection system of the invention comprises a railway rail for testing, wherein the railway rail simulates common defects and diseases on a real line and comprises a rail surface and inter-rail local defect rail state simulation unit (shown in fig. 2), an under-rail failure and defect rail state simulation unit (shown in fig. 3), a rail abrasion rail state simulation unit (shown in fig. 4) and a line geometric irregularity rail state simulation unit (shown in fig. 5). The four simulation units are independent from each other and can be freely combined through the steel rail integral moving device 34 to simulate different rail states, and 1-4 rail state simulation units are randomly selected from the four rail state simulation units to be combined in any sequence during combination, so that simulation of different rail states is realized. The test bogie is characterized in that one end of the railway track for testing is provided with a driving device 1, the other end of the railway track for testing is provided with a recovery wheel 27, the steel wire rope 2 is connected with the driving device 1 and the recovery wheel 27 to form a closed loop system, the railway track for testing is provided with the test bogie 6, and the test bogie 6 is fixedly connected to the steel wire rope 2. The driving device 1 pulls the test bogie 6 through the steel wire rope 2 to move bidirectionally along the test railway track, namely a closed loop structure is formed among the driving device 1, the steel wire rope 2 and the recovery wheel 27, and the driving device can move bidirectionally. The arrow in the figure indicates the direction of initial movement of the test bogie 6.
The rail state simulation units are matched with the rail overall movement device 34, the four rail state simulation units are carried by the rail overall movement device 34 and then are freely combined to simulate different real rail states, and meanwhile, the rail overall movement device 34 also plays a role in adjusting the installation distance and the installation tightness. The rail moving unit 34 is a matched device, and can be simply understood as a pulley trolley or other similar structure provided with a corresponding bearing installation structure, and the bearing installation structure can meet the requirements of quick installation, fixation, disassembly and the like.
Specifically, the rail surface and inter-rail local defect rail state simulation unit is used for simulating the rail state of the rail surface and inter-rail local defect; the under-rail failure and defect track state simulation unit is used for simulating the under-rail failure and defect track state; the rail abrasion rail state simulation unit is used for simulating a rail state of rail abrasion; and the track state simulation unit is used for simulating the track state of the geometric irregularity of the track.
Figure 6 shows a rail low sub 11, rail 3, ties 4, fasteners 26, recovery wheel 27 and ballast 28 to simulate a train passing over the rail low sub 11.
Fig. 7 shows a schematic structural diagram of the sleeper air suspension. As shown in fig. 9 and 10, the test bogie 6 is provided with mounting seats, which include an axle box acceleration sensor mounting seat 5a, a frame acceleration sensor mounting seat 5b, a data acquisition system mounting seat 5c and an information processing system mounting seat 5d of the rail state vehicle-mounted detection system, so as to facilitate mounting and fixing of each module of the rail state vehicle-mounted detection system. Different parts of the rail state vehicle-mounted detection system are correspondingly arranged on different mounting seats.
The track comprises two rails, part of defects need to be provided with corresponding defect characteristics on the two rails, and whether the corresponding defect characteristics need to be provided on the two rails can be determined according to the common expression form of the defects. The rail surface and inter-rail local defect rail state simulation unit comprises a rail surface pit 7; the rail is longitudinally broken 8; transverse breakage 9 of the steel rail; stripping the rail surface 10; and detecting the content of the steel rail low joint 11. The under-rail failure and defect rail state simulation unit comprises a fastener defect 12; longitudinal sleeper fracture 13; fastener spring strip break 14; cross-sleeper fracture 15; a sleeper empty crane 16; the rail-shaped region foreign matter 17 detects the content. The steel rail abrasion track state simulation unit comprises a steel rail eccentric wear 18; and detecting the content of the rail corrugation 19. The line geometric irregularity track state simulation unit comprises a steel rail staggered joint 20; a track triangular pit 21; track direction irregularity 22; horizontal irregularity of the rails 23; track gauge irregularity 24; track irregularity 25, and the like.
Fig. 8 shows a schematic diagram of installation positions of rectangular steel blocks and harmonic steel blocks of a track state simulation unit with line geometry irregularity, wherein two symmetrical rectangular steel blocks 29 are arranged to simulate a rail malposed tooth joint 20, two asymmetrical harmonic steel blocks 30 are arranged to simulate a track triangular pit 21, a single harmonic steel block 31 is arranged to simulate track level irregularity 23, and two symmetrical harmonic steel blocks 32 are arranged to simulate track level irregularity 25. All rectangular blocks and harmonic blocks are fixed to the surface of the rail 3 by ties 33.
It should be noted that the order of defects/defects set by the same track condition simulation unit is set in a freely combined manner, for example, the track surface pit 7, the longitudinal rail break 8, the transverse rail break 9, the rail surface peel 10, and the detection content of the rail low joint 11 of the track surface and inter-track local defect track condition simulation unit can be combined in any order on the same track. The defect/disease sequence free combination and the four track state simulation units can form more experimental track states, meet the requirement of multiple experiments, and ensure the accuracy, randomness and the like of the experiments.
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme of the invention has the following advantages/beneficial effects:
1. the bogie for the test is controllable in speed, the reliability of the vehicle-mounted detection system at different speeds can be evaluated by setting different rotating speeds of the driving device, and bidirectional detection is realized by setting different steering directions of the driving device;
2. the bogie and the track used for the test are completely the same as the real bogie and track, so that convenience is provided for the installation and wiring of the rail state vehicle-mounted detection system, and the accuracy of the rail state vehicle-mounted detection system is improved;
3. compared with a real train test, the method does not influence the normal operation of the train, and has the advantages of convenient test, short period, low cost, high efficiency and convenient implementation;
4. the four rail state simulation units are mutually independent and can be freely combined through the steel rail integral moving device so as to simulate different rail states;
5. the driving device is connected with the test bogie by surrounding the steel wire rope through the driving wheel, and the steel wire rope is wound around the recovery wheel and then is wound on the driving wheel of the driving device to form a closed loop system. The length of the steel wire rope is constant, so that the debugging and the maintenance are convenient;
6. a sensor mounting seat, a data acquisition system mounting seat and an information processing system mounting seat of the rail state vehicle-mounted detection system are arranged on the test bogie, so that the mounting and the fixing of each module of the rail state vehicle-mounted detection system are facilitated.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that the above preferred embodiment should not be considered as limiting the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention should be subject to the scope defined by the claims. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and adaptations can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and these modifications and adaptations should be considered within the scope of the invention.

Claims (10)

1. A reliability evaluation test bed for a rail state vehicle-mounted detection system is characterized by comprising a test railway rail for simulating common defects and diseases on a real line, wherein one end of the test railway rail is provided with a driving device (1), the other end of the test railway rail is provided with a recovery wheel (27), a steel wire rope (2) is connected with the driving device (1) and the recovery wheel (27) to form a closed loop system, a test bogie (6) is placed on the test railway rail, and the test bogie (6) is fixedly connected to the steel wire rope (2);
the railway track for the test is formed by combining any 1-4 of the following four independent track state simulation units in any order:
the rail surface and inter-rail local defect rail state simulation unit is used for simulating the rail state of the inter-rail local defect;
the under-rail failure and defect track state simulation unit is used for simulating the under-rail failure and defect track state;
the rail abrasion rail state simulation unit is used for simulating a rail state of rail abrasion;
and the track state simulation unit is used for simulating the track state of the geometric irregularity of the track.
2. The vehicle-mounted rail state detection system reliability evaluation test bed according to claim 1, wherein the rail state simulation unit is provided with a steel rail integral moving device (34), and the rail state simulation unit is carried by the steel rail integral moving device (34) and then freely combined to simulate different real rail states.
3. The rail state vehicle-mounted detection system reliability evaluation test bed according to claim 1, characterized in that the driving device (1) pulls the test bogie (6) to move along the test railway track in two directions through the steel wire rope (2).
4. The vehicle-mounted rail state detection system reliability evaluation test bed according to claim 1, wherein the defects/faults set by the rail surface and inter-rail local defect rail state simulation unit include: rail surface pits (7), rail longitudinal fracture (8), rail transverse fracture (9), rail surface stripping (10) and rail low joints (11).
5. The vehicle-mounted rail state detection system reliability evaluation test bed according to claim 1, wherein the defects/faults set by the rail under-failure and defective rail state simulation unit include: the method comprises the following steps of fastener loss (12), longitudinal sleeper fracture (13), fastener elastic strip fracture (14), transverse sleeper fracture (15), empty sleeper hoisting (16) and rail-shaped region foreign matter (17).
6. The vehicle-mounted rail state detection system reliability evaluation test bed according to claim 1, wherein the defects/defects set by the rail wear rail state simulation unit include: a rail eccentric mill (18) and a rail corrugation mill (19).
7. The vehicle-mounted rail state detection system reliability evaluation test bed according to claim 1, wherein the defects/defects set by the track state simulation unit for the track geometric irregularity comprise rail dislocation joints (20), track triangular pits (21), track direction irregularity (22), track horizontal irregularity (23), track gauge irregularity (24) and track height irregularity (25).
8. The vehicle-mounted rail condition detection system reliability evaluation test bed according to claim 7, wherein two symmetrical rectangular steel blocks (29) are provided to simulate a rail stagger joint (20), two asymmetrical harmonic steel blocks (30) are provided to simulate a rail triangular pit (21), a single harmonic steel block (31) is provided to simulate rail level irregularity (23), two symmetrical harmonic steel blocks (32) are provided to simulate rail level irregularity (25), and the rectangular steel blocks and the harmonic steel blocks are fixed on a rail surface through ties (33).
9. The track condition vehicle-mounted detection system reliability evaluation test bed according to any one of claims 4 to 8, wherein the sequence of defects/diseases of the same track condition simulation unit in the four track condition simulation units is set in a freely combined manner.
10. The test bed for evaluating the reliability of the on-board rail state detection system according to claim 1, wherein the test bogie (6) is provided with mounting seats, and the mounting seats comprise an axle box acceleration sensor mounting seat (5 a), a framework acceleration sensor mounting seat (5 b), a data acquisition system mounting seat (5 c) and an information processing system mounting seat (5 d), and different parts of the on-board rail state detection system are correspondingly mounted on different mounting seats.
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