WO2017113070A1

WO2017113070A1 - Phase shifter and antenna

Info

Publication number: WO2017113070A1
Application number: PCT/CN2015/099245
Authority: WO
Inventors: 廖志强; 肖伟宏; 卢麒屹; 陈翰
Original assignee: 华为技术有限公司
Priority date: 2015-12-28
Filing date: 2015-12-28
Publication date: 2017-07-06
Also published as: CN108432036A; CN108432036B

Abstract

The present application provides a phase shifter comprising a feed unit, a coupling element and a first phase shifting section. The feeding unit is electrically connected to the coupling element, and the coupling element is electrically connected to the first phase shifting section. The first phase shifting section comprises a substrate and two layers of slow wave microstrip lines. The two layers of slow wave microstrip lines have the same structure, and are arranged in mirror symmetry on the front and back surfaces of the substrate. The two layers of slow wave microstrip lines are electrically connected to each other through a plurality of metal vias. The coupling element is moved relative to the two layers of slow wave microstrip lines of the first phase shifting section to change the phase of the signal flowing through the phase shifter. Also provided in the present application is an antenna. The phase shifter provided by the present application has the advantages of small size, good scalability, low cost and simple assembly.

Description

Phase shifter and antenna

Technical field

The present application relates to the field of antennas, and in particular to phase shifters and antennas having filter elements that can be applied to antennas.

Background technique

The phase shifter is the core component of the ESC base station antenna, which plays a major role in the electrical regulation of the antenna pattern. The phase shifter realizes the electrical adjustment of the antenna pattern by changing the phase of reaching the antenna unit, and achieves the purpose of remote control adjustment of the network coverage area under different conditions. The current base station antenna phase shifter not only needs to have the function of accurately changing the phase, but also has a power distribution function. The design of the phase shifter directly affects the performance of the base station antenna, such as the direction, gain, and external dimensions, and also affects the performance of the base station antenna. The overall cost of the base station antenna. Therefore, how to design a phase shifter with small size, easy expansion, low cost and simple assembly is a subject studied in the industry.

Summary of the invention

The embodiment of the present application provides a phase shifter and an antenna, which have the advantages of small size, easy expansion, low cost, and simple assembly.

In one aspect, the present application provides a phase shifter including a feed unit, a coupling element, and a first phase shifting segment, the feed unit being electrically coupled to the coupling element, the coupling element and the first phase shifting The first phase shifting segment includes a substrate and two layers of slow-wave microstrip lines, and the two layers of slow-wave microstrip lines have the same structure, and are mirror-distributed on the front and back sides of the substrate. The two layers of slow-wave microstrip lines are electrically connected by a plurality of metal vias, and the coupling element moves relative to the two layers of slow-wave microstrip lines of the first phase-shifting segment to change the flow through the shift The phase of the signal of the phaser.

In conjunction with the first aspect, in a first possible implementation, the phase shifter further includes a rotating shaft, the first phase shifting section has a strip arc shape, and the coupling element rotates around the rotating shaft to implement The movement of the coupling element relative to the first phase shifting segment.

In conjunction with the first possible implementation of the first aspect, in a second possible implementation, the phase shifter further includes a second phase shifting segment, and the second phase shifting segment is also in the form of a strip arc. The second phase shifting segment is located between the rotating shaft and the first phase shifting segment, and the coupling element is electrically connected to the second phase shifting segment Then, the coupling element moves while rotating around the rotating shaft while moving relative to the second phase shifting stage to change the phase of the signal flowing through the phase shifter.

With reference to the second possible implementation manner of the first aspect, in a third possible implementation, the coupling component includes a connection segment that is sequentially connected, a first transmission segment, a first coupling segment, a second transmission segment, and a a second coupling section, the connecting section is connected to the rotating shaft, a part of the feeding unit is stacked opposite to the connecting section to achieve electrical connection, and the first coupling section is opposite to the second phase shifting section To achieve a coupled electrical connection, the second coupling segment is disposed opposite the first phase shifting segment stack to achieve a coupled electrical connection.

In conjunction with the third possible implementation of the first aspect, in a fourth possible implementation, the second coupling segment has a flat structure on one side of the first phase shifting segment.

In conjunction with the third possible implementation of the first aspect, in a fifth possible implementation, the second coupling segment has a “匚”-shaped structure, and the second coupling segment includes an upper coupling piece and a lower coupling piece. And a connecting piece connected between the upper coupling piece and the lower coupling piece, wherein the upper coupling piece and the lower coupling piece are respectively stacked on both sides of the first phase shifting section.

In conjunction with the fifth possible implementation of the first aspect, in a sixth possible implementation, the first phase shifting segment, the second phase shifting segment, and the feeding unit are disposed on a same substrate The substrate is provided with a through hole communicating with the extending direction of the first phase shifting segment, and the through hole is disposed between the first phase shifting segment and the second phase shifting segment, the second coupling The segment partially surrounds the first phase shifting section through the through hole, and the connecting piece is received in the through hole.

With reference to the third possible implementation manner of the first aspect, in a seventh possible implementation, the feeding unit and the connecting segment, the first coupling segment and the second phase shift segment An insulating layer is disposed between and between the second coupling segment and the first phase shifting segment.

In conjunction with the seventh possible implementation of the first aspect, in an eighth possible implementation, the phase shifter includes an input terminal disposed on the power feeding unit, and is respectively disposed on the first phase shifting phase a first output end and a second output end of the two ends of the segment, a third output end and a fourth output end respectively disposed at two ends of the second phase shifting stage, and a fifth output end, wherein the fifth output end is connected To the feeding unit, and the first output end and the input end are respectively located on two sides of the rotating shaft.

With reference to the first aspect, in a ninth possible implementation, each of the slow-wave microstrip lines includes a plurality of first units and a plurality of second units, and the plurality of first units are sequentially arranged side by side. a strip-shaped structure, wherein a first gap is disposed between two adjacent first units, and the plurality of second units are sequentially The rows are arranged in a second strip-like structure, and a second gap is disposed between the two adjacent second units, and the first strip-shaped structure and the second strip-shaped structure partially overlap, the plurality of a second gap respectively extending into the plurality of first units, the plurality of first gaps respectively extending into the plurality of second units, such that each of the first units is connected to two adjacent ones Between the second units, a continuous micro-belt line structure is formed.

In conjunction with the ninth possible implementation of the first aspect, in the tenth possible embodiment, one of the metal vias is disposed in each of the first unit and each of the second units.

With reference to the tenth possible implementation manner of the first aspect, in the eleventh possible implementation, the first gap and the second gap are both in a straight strip shape, each of the first unit The metal vias are all located on an extension of the second gap, and the metal vias in each of the second cells are located on an extension of the first gap.

In conjunction with the ninth possible implementation of the first aspect, in the twelfth possible implementation, the first strip structure and the second strip structure are respectively arced on the trajectories of two concentric circles Extendingly, the first strip-shaped structure is located on an outer ring of the second strip-shaped structure, and all of the first gap and the second gap extend in a radial direction of the concentric circle.

With reference to the twelfth possible implementation manner of the first aspect, in the thirteenth possible implementation, the first gap and the second gap have the same extension length in the radial direction, and the value is D1, a width of the slow wave microstrip line in the radial direction is a circuit width of the first phase shifting segment, a value of the circuit width is D2, and a ratio of the D1 to the D2 is in a range of 0.3 Between -0.8.

In conjunction with the ninth possible implementation of the first aspect, in a fourteenth possible implementation, the phase shifter further includes a hollow housing, the housing including oppositely disposed top and bottom walls, The feeding unit, the coupling element, the first phase shifting section and the second phase shifting section are disposed between the top wall and the bottom wall, and the top wall and the bottom wall are The ground of the phase shifter.

In a second aspect, the present application provides an antenna comprising the phase shifter and antenna unit according to any one of the first aspects, wherein the phase shifter is connected to the antenna unit through an output cable.

In a third aspect, the present application provides a phase shifter including a rotating shaft, a feeding unit, a coupling element, and at least two phase shifting segments, wherein the at least two phase shifting segments are centered on the rotating shaft Extending in a strip shape and stacking along the same radial direction, each of the phase shifting segments comprises a substrate and two slow-wave microstrip lines, and the two layers of slow-wave microstrip lines have the same structure and are mirrored Relatively distributed on the front side and the back side of the substrate, the two layers of slow-wave microstrip lines are electrically connected by a plurality of metal vias, the feed unit Electrically connected to the coupling element, the coupling element being electrically connected to the at least two phase shifting segments, the coupling element being rotated about the rotating shaft to achieve the coupling element relative to the at least two phase shifting segments Move to change the phase of the signal flowing through the phase shifter.

In conjunction with the third aspect, in a first possible implementation, the coupling element includes a connecting segment, at least two transmitting segments, and a second coupling segment, the connecting segment is coupled to the rotating shaft, and the feeding portion is partially The electrical unit is disposed opposite to the connection segment to achieve electrical connection, and the at least two coupling segments are respectively disposed opposite to the at least two phase-shifting segments to achieve a coupling electrical connection, the coupling segment and the connecting segment The two transmission coupling sections between and between the adjacent ones are connected by the transmission section.

In conjunction with the first possible implementation of the third aspect, in a second possible implementation, the at least two coupling segments are in a flat structure and are located on one side of the at least two phase-shifting segments.

In conjunction with the first possible implementation of the third aspect, in a third possible implementation, the at least two coupling segments each have a "匚"-shaped structure, and each of the coupling segments includes an upper coupling piece and a lower portion. a coupling piece and a connecting piece connected between the upper coupling piece and the lower coupling piece, wherein the upper coupling piece and the lower coupling piece are respectively stacked on both sides of the phase shifting section.

With reference to the first possible implementation manner of the third aspect, in a fourth possible implementation, a setting between the feeding unit and the connecting segment, between the coupling segment and the phase shifting segment Insulation.

Compared with the prior art, the phase shifting section of the phase shifter provided by the present application (referred to as a first phase shifting section and a second phase shifting section in the technical solution of the first aspect; and a phase shifting section in the third aspect) The substrate includes two layers of slow-wave microstrip lines disposed on both sides of the substrate, and the two layers of slow-wave microstrip lines have the same structure, and the mirrors are symmetrically distributed on the front and back sides of the substrate, and the two layers are slow. The wave microstrip lines are electrically connected by a plurality of metal vias. Since the two layers of slow-wave microstrip lines have the same structure, the mirror phase is distributed on both sides of the substrate, so that the substrate can be in a working temperature range, and a good flatness can be ensured because the slow-wave microstrip lines on both sides have the same structure and within the operating temperature range. The microstrip lines on both sides of the substrate are deformed to the same extent, so that the substrate can maintain good flatness regardless of the temperature change, and warpage does not occur. Moreover, the positive and negative sides of the substrate have slow-wave microstrip lines, and the electrical connection of the two-layer slow-wave microstrip lines is realized through the metal vias. In the process of coupling the coupling elements and the phase-shifting segments, double-sided coupling can be realized at the same time. The capacitance and electrical design stability can be effectively ensured. Under the same phase shifting amount, the solution provided by the present application can significantly reduce the size of the phase shifter. Moreover, the slow wave microstrip line is integrated with the substrate, the processing is easier, and the cost can be reduced.

DRAWINGS

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some of the present application. For the embodiments, those skilled in the art can obtain other drawings according to the drawings without any creative work.

FIG. 1 is a schematic plan view of a phase shifter according to an embodiment of the present application.

Figure 2 is a side view of the phase shifter shown in Figure 1.

FIG. 3 is a schematic plan view of a phase shifter according to another embodiment of the present application.

Figure 4 is a side view of the phase shifter shown in Figure 3.

Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view of the phase shifter shown in Figure 3 in another direction.

FIG. 6 is a schematic plan view of a phase shifter according to still another embodiment of the present application.

FIG. 7 is a perspective view of a first phase shifting section of a phase shifter according to an embodiment of the present application.

Figure 8 is a partial enlarged view of the first phase shifting section shown in Figure 7.

Figure 9 is a partial plan view showing the slow wave microstrip line in the first phase shifting section shown in Figure 7.

FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of an application environment of a phase shifter according to the present application.

detailed description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application are clearly and completely described in the following with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. It is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present application without departing from the inventive scope are the scope of the present application.

The ordinal qualifiers used in the following embodiments of the present application, the first, second, etc. are merely for the purpose of clearly indicating the distinctive features of the similar features in the present application, and do not represent the order of the corresponding features or the order of use.

Referring to FIG. 1, the phase shifter 100 includes a feed unit 10, a coupling element 20, and a first phase shifting segment PS1. The feed unit 10 is electrically connected to the coupling element 20, and the coupling element 20 and the first A phase shifting segment PS1 is electrically connected. The feed unit 10 is for inputting a signal and transmitting the signal to the coupling element 20, and then transmitting the signal to the first phase shifting segment PS1 through the coupling electrical connection of the coupling element 20 with the first phase shifting segment PS1. In the embodiment of the present application, the feeding unit 10, the coupling element 20 and the first phase shifting segment PS1 may be integrated on one substrate, or may be separately disposed on separate substrates.

Referring to FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, the first phase shifting segment PS1 includes a substrate 30 and two slow-wave microstrip lines. 32. The two-layer slow-wave microstrip line 32 has the same structure, and is symmetrically distributed on the front and back sides of the substrate 30. The two-layer slow-wave microstrip line 32 passes through a plurality of metal vias 40. Electrical connection. The coupling element 20 moves relative to the two layers of slow wave microstrip lines 32 of the first phase shifting segment PS1 to change the phase of the signal flowing through the phase shifter 100.

The manner in which the coupling element 20 moves relative to the first phase shifting segment PS1 may be a linear motion or a rotational manner. The coupling element 20 can be driven by a driving device (not shown). If linear movement is required, the reciprocating linear movement of the push rod can be driven by the motor to drive the coupling element 20; if the rotation is to be achieved, the phase shifter can be implemented. The rotating shaft is disposed inside, and the rotating shaft is rotated by the motor output shaft to further realize the rotating shaft of the coupling element 20 around the rotating shaft. In this embodiment, the phase shifter 100 further includes a rotating shaft 50. The first phase shifting segment PS1 has a strip-shaped arc shape, and the coupling element 20 rotates around the rotating shaft 50 to achieve relative to the coupling element 20. Movement of the first phase shifting segment PS1. The design of the coupling element 20 to rotate about the rotating shaft 50 can take up less space than the linear movement. The first phase shifting segment PS1 has a strip-shaped arc structure extending around the rotating shaft 50. The coupling element 20 extends in the radial direction of the first phase shifting segment PS1. Further, one end of the coupling element 20 is connected to the rotating shaft 50. The other end of the coupling element 20 is coupled to the first phase shifting segment PS1. As shown in FIG. 1, the feed unit 10 and the coupling element 20 are connected at the rotating shaft 50.

In this embodiment, the phase shifter 100 further includes a second phase shifting segment PS2, the second phase shifting segment PS2 also has a strip arc shape, and the second phase shifting segment PS2 is located at the rotating shaft 50 and the Between the first phase shifting segments PS1, the coupling element 20 is electrically connected to the second phase shifting segment PS2, and the coupling element 20 rotates around the rotating shaft 50 while being opposite to the second phase shifting phase. The segment PS2 moves to change the phase of the signal flowing through the phase shifter 100. In this embodiment, the second phase shifting segment PS2 and the first phase shifting segment PS1 are concentric strip arcs, which have a common center of rotation (ie, the rotating shaft 50), and the radius of the second phase shifting segment PS2 is smaller than the first The radius of a phase shifting segment PS1 is preferably designed such that the radius of the first phase shifting segment PS1 is twice the radius of the second phase shifting segment PS2.

The first phase shifting segment PS1 is coupled to the coupling element 20 by a two-layer slow-wave microstrip line 32 disposed on the substrate 30 as a circuit structure. The second phase shifting segment PS2 is also provided with a circuit structure coupled with the coupling element 20. The specific circuit structure may be the same as or different from the circuit structure of the first phase shifting segment PS1, and may be designed according to specific product design requirements. Circuit architecture, the details of other different circuit architectures are not described herein, and phase shift circuits in the prior art can be employed.

In the present embodiment, the coupling element 20 is made of a metal material and has a swing arm structure in the form of a metal foil. The coupling element 20 comprises a connecting section 21, a first transmission section 22, a first coupling section 23, a second transmission section 24 and a second coupling section 25 which are connected in series. The connecting section 21 is connected to the rotating shaft 50. In this embodiment, the connecting section 21 is located at one end of the coupling element 20, and the connecting section 21 can be made of a conductive material (for example, metal, conductive plastic, conductive ceramic, etc.). The connecting section 21 can be electrically connected directly to the feed unit 10 such that a signal transmission path is established between the coupling element 20 and the feed unit 10. In this embodiment, a part of the feeding unit 10 and the connecting section 21 are oppositely disposed to realize electrical connection, and the feeding unit 10 may be a metal microstrip line structure, which may be a metal piece structure or a metal wire structure. . The first coupling section 23 is disposed opposite to the second phase shifting section PS2 to achieve a coupling electrical connection, and the second coupling section 25 is disposed opposite to the first phase shifting section PS1 to achieve a coupling electrical connection.

The second coupling section 25 is configured to be electrically coupled to the first phase shifting section PS1. In this embodiment, referring to FIG. 2, the second coupling section 25 has a flat structure and is located in the first phase shifting section PS1. One side. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 2, the first phase shifting segment PS1, the second phase shifting segment PS2, and the feeding unit 10 are located on the same substrate 30, and the substrate 30 is fixed in the cavity of the phase shifter 100, specifically, As shown in FIG. 2, FIG. 4 and FIG. 5, the phase shifter 100 further includes a hollow casing 101, and the casing 101 includes oppositely disposed top walls 102 and bottom walls 103, and the feeding unit 10, The coupling element 20, the first phase shifting segment PS1 and the second phase shifting segment PS2 are disposed between the top wall 102 and the bottom wall 103, and the substrate 30 is fixed to the casing 101, and the casing 101 Usually of metal material, the top wall and the bottom wall are the ground of the phase shifter, and the electronic components inside the phase shifter (for example, the first phase shifting segment PS1, the second phase shifting segment PS2, and the feeding unit 10) ) is grounded through the housing 101.

In another embodiment, referring to FIG. 3, FIG. 4 and FIG. 5, the second coupling section 25 has a "匚"-shaped structure, and the second coupling section 25 includes an upper coupling piece 252 and a lower coupling piece 254. a connecting piece 253 connected between the upper coupling piece 252 and the lower coupling piece 254, the upper coupling piece 252 and the lower coupling piece 254 are respectively stacked on both sides of the first phase shifting section PS1 .

In one embodiment, referring to FIG. 3, the first phase shifting segment PS1, the second phase shifting segment PS2, and the feeding unit 10 are disposed on the same substrate 30, and the substrate 30 is provided with The first phase shifting segment PS1 extends in the direction of the through hole 35, that is, the shape of the through hole 35 is also a strip-shaped arc structure centered on the rotating shaft 50, and the through hole 35 is provided in the first Between the phase shifting segment PS1 and the second phase shifting segment PS2, the second coupling segment 25 partially surrounds the first phase shifting segment PS1 through the through hole 35, and the connecting piece 253 is received in the through hole In the hole 35, that is, the connecting piece 253 penetrates the through hole 35, so that the upper coupling The tab 252 is located on one side of the first phase shifting segment PS1, and the lower coupling tab 254 is located on the other side of the first phase shifting segment PS1. During the rotation of the coupling member 20 about the rotation shaft 50, the connecting piece 253 moves in the through hole 35. In the present embodiment, the through hole 35 is designed close to the first phase shifting segment PS1, so that the upper coupling piece 252 and the lower coupling piece 254 can be designed to be as small as possible. Similarly, as shown in FIG. 3 and FIG. 4, a through hole 37 is also provided between the second phase shifting section PS2 and the rotating shaft 50. Accordingly, the structure of the first coupling section 23 is similar to that of the second coupling section 25, and The upper coupling piece 232, the connecting piece 233, and the lower coupling piece 244 which are in a "匚"-shaped structure are interconnected.

The first transmission section 22 and the second transmission section 24 of the coupling element 20 are each in a metal plate structure, and the first transmission section 22 is connected between the coupling piece 252 and the connecting section 21 of the coupling element 20 above the first coupling section 23, The two transmission section 24 is connected between the coupling piece 252 of the second coupling section 25 and the connecting section 21 of the coupling element 20. In other embodiments, the first transmission segment 22 and the second transmission segment 24 may also be designed in the form of wires or microstrip lines.

Referring to FIG. 2 and FIG. 4, between the feeding unit 10 and the connecting section 21, between the first coupling section 23 and the second phase shifting section PS2, and the second coupling section 25 An insulating layer 70 is disposed between the first phase shifting segments PS1. The insulating layer 70 may be a plastic sheet or coated on the feed unit 10 and/or the connecting section 21, the first coupling section 23 and/or the second phase shifting section PS2, the second coupling section 25 and/or the first Insulating coating on phase shifting segment PS1.

The phase shifter 100 includes an input terminal Pin1 disposed on the feed unit 10, and a first output port Port1 and a second output port Port2 respectively disposed at two ends of the first phase shifting segment PS1. a third output port Port3 and a fourth output port Port4, and a fifth output port Port5 of the two ends of the second phase shifting segment PS2, the fifth output port Port5 is connected to the feeding unit 10, and the An output end and the input end are respectively located on opposite sides of the rotating shaft 50. The phase shifter of the present application is an input terminal and five output phase shifting devices, and the five output terminals are respectively connected to different units 201 or unit groups of the array antenna 200, as shown in FIG. 10, the high frequency current from the input end passes. The phase shifter outputs the required power and phase to different cells 201 or groups of cells of the array antenna 200.

In another embodiment, referring to FIG. 6, the first phase shifting segment PS1, the second phase shifting segment PS2, and the feeding unit 10 are respectively disposed on three

different substrates

301, 302, and 303 through a plastic bracket (not The three

separate substrates

301, 302, 303 are fixed in the housing 101 of the phase shifter 100. Although this design is poor in assembly, it is advantageous for the overall size reduction and the cost is also reduced.

The present application passes the first phase shifting segment PS1 and the second phase shifting segment PS2 (of course, it may also include only the first Two layers of slow-wave microstrip lines 32 are disposed on the substrate 30 of the phase-shifting segment PS1, or including two or more phase-shifting segments, and two layers of slow-wave microstrip lines 32 are mirror-phase distributed on both sides of the substrate 30, so that phase shifting In the working temperature range, the device 100 can ensure good flatness. During the operation of the phase shifter 100, since the slow wave microstrip lines 32 on both sides of the substrate 30 have the same structure, the temperature of the substrate 30 changes synchronously on both sides of the substrate 30. The substrate 30 does not warp due to temperature changes. Moreover, the two-layer slow-wave microstrip line 32 forms a double-sided coupling structure, and the double-sided coupling structure can effectively ensure the capacitance, and has obvious advantages for the stability of the electrical design of the phase shifter 100.

The slow wave microstrip line structure is specifically described as follows.

Referring to FIG. 7 , FIG. 8 and FIG. 9 , each of the slow wave microstrip lines 32 includes a plurality of first units 321 and a plurality of second units 322 , and the plurality of first units 321 are sequentially arranged side by side. a strip-shaped structure B1, a first gap 323 is disposed between the two adjacent first units 321 , and the plurality of second units 322 are arranged side by side in a second strip structure B2, adjacent to each other. A second gap 324 is defined between the second units 322, the first strip structure B1 and the second strip structure B2 are partially overlapped, and the plurality of second gaps 324 respectively extend into the In the plurality of first units 321 , the plurality of first gaps 323 respectively extend into the plurality of second units 322 such that each of the first units 321 is connected to two adjacent ones of the second units Between the units 322, a continuous meandering microstrip line structure is formed.

In particular, the slow wave microstrip line 32 has an arcuate strip-like structure as a whole, the curved strip-like structure including an inner side 326 and an outer side 325, the inner side 326 and the outer side 325 including a common radius An arc of curvature, a plurality of first gaps 323 extending from the outer side 325 along the radial direction and toward the inner side 326, and a plurality of second gaps 324 extending from the inner side 326 along the radial direction and toward the outer side 325 . In the circumferential direction, each of the second gaps 324 is arranged between the adjacent two first gaps 323, and the second gaps 324 partially extend into the area between the adjacent two first gaps 323, thus The first gap 323 and the plurality of second gaps 324 are alternately arranged to cut the curved strip structure into a continuous meandering microstrip line structure.

In one embodiment, one of the metal vias 40 is disposed in each of the first unit 321 and each of the second units 322. In this embodiment, the first gap 323 and the second gap 324 are both in a straight strip shape, and the metal vias 40 in each of the first units 321 are located in the second gap 324. On the extension line, the metal vias 40 in each of the second cells 322 are located on an extension of the first gap 323.

Preferably, the first strip-shaped structure B1 and the second strip-shaped structure B2 respectively extend in an arc on a trajectory of two concentric circles, and the first strip-shaped structure B1 is located in the second strip The outer ring of the shaped structure B2, the extending directions of all of the first gap 323 and the second gap 324 are the radial directions of the concentric circles.

Referring to FIG. 8 and FIG. 9 , the first gap 323 and the second gap 324 have the same extension length in the radial direction and have a value of D1, and the slow wave microstrip line is in the radial direction. The width is the circuit width of the first phase shifting segment PS1, the value of the circuit width is D2, and the ratio of the D1 to the D2 ranges between 0.3 and 0.8.

The present application also provides an antenna. As shown in FIG. 10, the antenna 200 includes the phase shifter 100 and the antenna unit 201, and the phase shifter 100 is connected to the antenna unit 201 through an output cable. The phase shifter 100 of the present application is an input terminal and five output phase phase shifting devices, and the five output terminals are respectively connected to different units 201 or unit groups of the array antenna 200, and the high frequency current from the input terminal needs to be output through the phase shifter. The power and phase are on different cells 201 or groups of cells of the array antenna.

The phase shifter and the antenna provided by the embodiment of the present application are described in detail. The principles and implementation manners of the present application are described in the specific examples. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the method of the present application. And the core ideas of the present invention; at the same time, those skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present application, there will be changes in the specific embodiments and application scopes. In summary, the contents of this specification should not be construed as limits.

Claims

A phase shifter comprising a feed unit, a coupling element and a first phase shifting segment, the feed unit being electrically connected to the coupling element, the coupling element being electrically connected to the first phase shifting segment, characterized The first phase shifting segment includes a substrate and two layers of slow-wave microstrip lines. The two layers of slow-wave microstrip lines have the same structure and are symmetrically distributed on the front and back sides of the substrate. The layer slow wave microstrip lines are electrically connected by a plurality of metal vias, and the coupling element moves relative to the two layers of slow wave microstrip lines of the first phase shifting segment to change flow through the phase shifter The phase of the signal.
The phase shifter according to claim 1, wherein said phase shifter further comprises a rotating shaft, said first phase shifting section being in the form of a strip-shaped arc, said coupling element being rotated about said rotating shaft to realize The movement of the coupling element relative to the first phase shifting segment.
The phase shifter according to claim 2, wherein said phase shifter further comprises a second phase shifting section, said second phase shifting section also having a strip arc shape, said second phase shifting section being located Between the rotating shaft and the first phase shifting section, the coupling element is electrically connected to the second phase shifting section, and the coupling element rotates around the rotating shaft while being opposite to the second phase shifting phase The segment moves to change the phase of the signal flowing through the phase shifter.
The phase shifter according to claim 3, wherein said coupling element comprises a connecting segment sequentially connected, a first transmitting segment, a first coupling segment, a second transmitting segment and a second coupling segment, said connecting segment Connected to the rotating shaft, a part of the feeding unit is stacked opposite to the connecting section to achieve electrical connection, and the first coupling section is disposed opposite to the second phase shifting section to achieve a coupling electrical connection. The second coupling section is disposed opposite to the first phase shifting segment to achieve a coupling electrical connection.
The phase shifter according to claim 4, wherein said second coupling section has a flat structure on one side of said first phase shifting section.
The phase shifter according to claim 4, wherein said second coupling section has a "匚"-shaped structure, and said second coupling section comprises an upper coupling piece, a lower coupling piece, and said upper coupling piece And a connecting piece between the lower coupling piece, the upper coupling piece and the lower coupling piece are respectively stacked on both sides of the first phase shifting section.
The phase shifter according to claim 6, wherein said first phase shifting section, said second phase shifting section and said feeding unit are disposed on a same substrate, and said substrate is provided with a through hole in which the first phase shifting section extends in a direction, wherein the through hole is disposed between the first phase shifting section and the second phase shifting section, The second coupling section partially surrounds the first phase shifting section through the through hole, and the connecting piece is received in the through hole.
The phase shifter according to claim 4, wherein said feeding unit and said connecting section, said first coupling section and said second phase shifting section and said second coupling An insulating layer is disposed between the segment and the first phase shifting segment.
The phase shifter according to claim 8, wherein said phase shifter comprises an input terminal provided on said feed unit, and first outputs respectively provided at both ends of said first phase shifting segment And a second output end, a third output end and a fourth output end respectively disposed at two ends of the second phase shifting stage, and a fifth output end, wherein the fifth output end is connected to the feeding unit, and The first output end and the input end are respectively located on two sides of the rotating shaft.
The phase shifter according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein each of said slow wave microstrip lines comprises a plurality of first cells and a plurality of second cells, said plurality of first cells The first strip-shaped structure is arranged side by side in sequence, and a first gap is disposed between the two adjacent first units, and the plurality of second units are sequentially arranged side by side in a second strip-like structure, and the adjacent two a second gap is disposed between the second units, the first strip structure and the second strip structure partially overlap, and the plurality of second gaps respectively extend into the plurality of first units The plurality of first gaps respectively extend into the plurality of second units such that each of the first units is connected between two adjacent second units to form a continuous 蜿蜒Microstrip line structure.
The phase shifter according to claim 10, wherein one of said metal vias is provided in each of said first unit and each of said second units.
The phase shifter according to claim 11, wherein the first gap and the second gap are both straight strips, and the metal vias in each of the first units are located On the extension line of the second gap, the metal vias in each of the second cells are located on an extension line of the first gap.
The phase shifter according to claim 10, wherein said first strip structure and said second strip structure respectively extend in an arc on a trajectory of two concentric circles, said first strip shape The structure is located on the outer ring of the second strip structure, and all of the first gap and the second gap extend in a radial direction of the concentric circle.
The phase shifter according to claim 13, wherein the first gap and the second gap have the same extension length in the radial direction and have a value of D1, and the slow wave microstrip line is Place The width in the radial direction is the circuit width of the first phase shifting segment, the value of the circuit width is D2, and the ratio of the D1 to the D2 ranges between 0.3 and 0.8.
The phase shifter according to claim 10, wherein said phase shifter further comprises a hollow casing, said casing comprising oppositely disposed top and bottom walls, said feed unit, said coupling The element, the first phase shifting segment and the second phase shifting segment are disposed between the top wall and the bottom wall, and the top wall and the bottom wall are ground of the phase shifter.
An antenna, characterized in that the antenna comprises a phase shifter and an antenna unit according to any one of claims 1 to 15, the phase shifter being connected to the antenna unit by an output cable.
A phase shifter includes a rotating shaft, a feeding unit, a coupling element, and at least two phase shifting segments, wherein the at least two phase shifting segments each extend in a strip shape around the rotating shaft, and Stacked along the same radial direction, each of the phase shifting segments comprises a substrate and two layers of slow-wave microstrip lines, the two layers of slow-wave microstrip lines having the same structure and being mirror-distributed on the substrate a front side and a back side, wherein the two layers of slow wave microstrip lines are electrically connected by a plurality of metal vias, the feed unit being electrically connected to the coupling element, the coupling element and the at least two phase shifting segments Electrically coupled, the coupling element rotates about the axis of rotation to effect movement of the coupling element relative to the at least two phase shifting segments to change the phase of a signal flowing through the phase shifter.
The phase shifter according to claim 17, wherein said coupling element comprises a connecting section, at least two transmitting sections and a second coupling section, said connecting section being coupled to said rotating shaft, said said feeding The electrical unit is disposed opposite to the connection segment to achieve electrical connection, and the at least two coupling segments are respectively disposed opposite to the at least two phase-shifting segments to achieve a coupling electrical connection, the coupling segment and the connecting segment The two transmission coupling sections between and between the adjacent ones are connected by the transmission section.
The phase shifter according to claim 18, wherein said at least two coupling sections are each in the form of a flat plate and are located on one side of said at least two phase shifting sections.
The phase shifter according to claim 18, wherein said at least two coupling sections each have a "匚"-shaped structure, and each of said coupling sections includes an upper coupling piece, a lower coupling piece, and is coupled thereto a connecting piece between the coupling piece and the lower coupling piece, wherein the upper coupling piece and the lower coupling piece are respectively stacked on both sides of the phase shifting section.
The phase shifter according to any one of claims 18 to 20, wherein an insulating layer is disposed between the feeding unit and the connecting section, between the coupling section and the phase shifting section.