JP5877241B2 - Phase shifter, antenna and radio apparatus - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a phase shifter, an antenna, and a wireless device.

  As an antenna for a mobile communication base station (base station antenna), an array antenna in which antenna elements such as a dipole antenna are arranged in an array is often used. The phase shifter controls the phase of the input signal supplied to each antenna element of the array antenna or the output signal received by each antenna element, thereby setting the directivity of the array antenna.

  In Patent Document 1, a housing and a first transmission strip line, which is a microstrip line having an open end, are provided so as to be fixed in the housing, and receive an input signal, and at least one circle. A fixed substrate portion having an arcuate output microstrip line outside the first transmission strip line, and a rotatable substrate in the housing while being in contact with one surface of the fixed substrate portion, and in contact with one surface of the fixed substrate portion A variable phase shifter is provided that includes a rotating substrate portion having a second transmission stripline on the surface to be coupled and provides at least one output signal when the rotating substrate portion is rotated.

Special table 2009-542155 gazette

  The objective of this invention is providing the phase shifter etc. which suppressed the loss of the transmission / reception signal.

  For this purpose, a phase shifter to which the present invention is applied has a first radius of curvature and a plate-like first conductor made of a conductive material having input / output terminals at both ends. And a plate-like fourth conductor made of a conductive material having a first radius of curvature and having input / output terminals at both ends, and a second radius of curvature smaller than the first radius of curvature. The bending portion, the first extending portion extending so as to be electrically coupled to the first conductor from one end portion of the bending portion, and the fourth conductor being electrically coupled from the other end portion of the bending portion. An extended second extending portion, a position where the first extending portion is electrically coupled to the first conductor, and a position where the second extending portion is coupled to the fourth conductor are A plate-like second conductor made of a conductive material, which is movable relative to the first conductor and the fourth conductor, and an input / output terminal at one end Connected, the other end extends so as to be electrically coupled to the curved portion of the second conductor, and the position electrically coupled to the second conductor is movable relative to the curved portion, A plate-like third conductor made of a conductive material, the ratio of the first radius of curvature to the second radius of curvature being 2: 1, wherein the first conductor and the third conductor The amount of phase shift is set by fixing the fourth conductor and moving the second conductor relative to the first conductor, the third conductor, and the fourth conductor.

  In addition, for this purpose, the phase shifter to which the present invention is applied has a plate-shaped first made of a conductive material having a first radius of curvature and having input / output terminals at both ends. A plate-like fourth conductor made of a conductive material having a first radius of curvature and having input / output terminals at both ends, and a second curvature smaller than the first radius of curvature A curved portion having a radius, a first extending portion extending so as to be electrically coupled to the first conductor from one end portion of the curved portion, and a fourth conductor electrically coupled to the other end portion of the curved portion. And a position where the first extending portion is electrically coupled to the first conductor, and a position where the second extending portion is coupled to the fourth conductor. A second conductor made of a conductive material that is movable relative to the first conductor and the fourth conductor; Connected to the terminal, the other end extends so as to be electrically coupled to the curved portion of the second conductor, and the position electrically coupled to the second conductor is movable relative to the curved portion. There is a plate-like third conductor made of a conductive material and at least three input / output terminals, and one input / output terminal of at least three input / output terminals is the input / output of the third conductor. A distribution synthesizer that is connected to the terminal and distributes the transmission signal or synthesizes the reception signal, and the ratio of the first radius of curvature to the second radius of curvature is 3: 1, The first conductor, the third conductor, and the fourth conductor are fixed, and the second conductor is moved with respect to the first conductor, the third conductor, and the fourth conductor, and the amount of phase shift is increased. Is set.

In such a phase shifter, the first radius of curvature and the second radius of curvature may be characterized by being relative to a common center.
Each of the first and second plate members is made of a conductive material, and the first conductor, the second conductor, the third conductor, and the fourth conductor are The first plate member and the second plate member are provided between the first plate member and the second plate member.
The first conductor, the second conductor, the third conductor, and the fourth conductor are portions of the second conductor that overlap the first conductor, the fourth conductor, and the third conductor. Except, it can be characterized by being arranged along one surface parallel to the first plate-like member or the second plate-like member.
And electrical coupling between the first conductor and the first extension of the second conductor, electrical coupling between the fourth conductor and the second extension of the second conductor, and At least one of the electrical coupling between the curved portion of the two conductors and the third conductor may be a capacitive coupling with a dielectric layer or an air layer interposed therebetween.

  For this purpose, the phase shifter to which the present invention is applied has a first radius of curvature and a plate-like first made of a conductive material having input / output terminals at both ends. A plate-like fourth conductor made of a conductive material, having a first radius of curvature and having input / output terminals at both ends, and a third curvature larger than the first radius of curvature A plate-like fifth conductor made of a conductive material having a radius and having input / output terminals at both ends, a third curvature radius, and having input / output terminals at both ends A plate-like sixth conductor made of a conductive material, a curved portion having a second radius of curvature smaller than the first radius of curvature, and the first conductor and the fifth conductor from one end of the curved portion to the electrical A first extending portion extending so as to be electrically coupled, and the fourth conductor and the sixth conductor from the other end of the curved portion electrically A second extending portion extending so as to be coupled, and the first extending portion is electrically connected to the first conductor, and the first extending portion is electrically connected to the fifth conductor. The coupling position, the position where the second extension portion is electrically coupled to the fourth conductor, and the position where the second extension portion is coupled to the sixth conductor are the first conductor, the fourth conductor, A plate-like second conductor made of a conductive material that is movable relative to the fifth conductor and the sixth conductor, one end connected to the input / output terminal, and the other end A plate-like shape made of a conductive material that extends so as to be electrically coupled to the curved portion of the two conductors and that is movable relative to the curved portion at a position where it is electrically coupled to the second conductor. A first conductor, a third conductor, a fourth conductor, a fifth conductor, and a sixth conductor, and fixing the second conductor to the first conductor; Conductor, the third conductor, the fourth conductor, the fifth conductor, and, the amount of phase shift by moving the conductor in the sixth set. In such a phase shifter, the ratio between the first radius of curvature and the second radius of curvature may be 2: 1.

Further, for this purpose, the phase shifter to which the present invention is applied has a first radius of curvature, and has a plate-like first made of a conductive material having input / output terminals at both ends. A plate-like fourth conductor made of a conductive material, having a first radius of curvature and having input / output terminals at both ends, and a third curvature larger than the first radius of curvature A plate-like fifth conductor made of a conductive material having a radius and having input / output terminals at both ends, a third curvature radius, and having input / output terminals at both ends A plate-like sixth conductor made of a conductive material, a curved portion having a second radius of curvature smaller than the first radius of curvature, and the first conductor and the fifth conductor from one end of the curved portion to the electrical A first extending portion extending so as to be electrically coupled, and the fourth conductor and the sixth conductor from the other end of the curved portion electrically A second extending portion extending so as to be coupled, and the first extending portion is electrically connected to the first conductor, and the first extending portion is electrically connected to the fifth conductor. The coupling position, the position where the second extension portion is electrically coupled to the fourth conductor, and the position where the second extension portion is coupled to the sixth conductor are the first conductor, the fourth conductor, A plate-like second conductor made of a conductive material, which is movable relative to the fifth conductor and the sixth conductor, and one end connected to the input / output terminal, and the other end Is made of a conductive material that extends so as to be electrically coupled to the curved portion of the second conductor, and the position where the second conductor is electrically coupled to the curved portion is movable relative to the curved portion. It has a plate-like third conductor and at least three input / output terminals, and one of the at least three input / output terminals is connected to the third conductor. A distribution synthesizer that distributes a transmission signal or synthesizes a reception signal, and includes a first conductor, a third conductor, a fourth conductor, a fifth conductor, and The sixth conductor is fixed, and the second conductor is moved with respect to the first conductor, the third conductor, the fourth conductor, the fifth conductor, and the sixth conductor, and the amount of phase shift is increased. Is set.
In such a phase shifter, the ratio between the first radius of curvature and the second radius of curvature may be 3: 1.

In such a phase shifter, the first radius of curvature, the second radius of curvature, and the third radius of curvature may be characterized by being relative to a common center.
Each of the first and second plate-like members each made of a conductive material further includes a first conductor, a second conductor, a third conductor, a fourth conductor, and a fifth conductor. The conductor and the sixth conductor may be provided between the first plate-like member and the second plate-like member.
And, the first conductor, the second conductor, the third conductor, the fourth conductor, the fifth conductor, and the sixth conductor, the second conductor is the first conductor, the second conductor, Except for the portion overlapping with the third conductor, the fourth conductor, the fifth conductor, and the sixth conductor, on one surface parallel to the first plate-like member or the second plate-like member It can be characterized by being arranged along.
And also, an electrical connection between the first conductor and the first extension of the second conductor, an electrical connection between the fifth conductor and the first extension of the second conductor, a fourth Electrical coupling between the conductor and the second extension of the second conductor, electrical coupling between the sixth conductor and the second extension of the second conductor, and a curved portion of the second conductor At least one of the electrical couplings between the first conductor and the third conductor may be a capacitive coupling with a dielectric layer or an air layer interposed therebetween.

  From another point of view, the antenna to which the present invention is applied is composed of a plurality of antenna elements and a conductive material having a first radius of curvature and having input / output terminals at both ends. From a plate-like first conductor, a plate-like fourth conductor made of a conductive material having a first radius of curvature and having input / output terminals at both ends, and a first radius of curvature A curved portion having a small second curvature radius, a first extending portion extending from one end portion of the curved portion so as to be electrically coupled to the first conductor, and a fourth conductor extending from the other end portion of the curved portion; A second extending portion extending so as to be electrically coupled, the position where the first extending portion is electrically coupled to the first conductor, and the second extending portion is a fourth conductor. A plate-like shape made of a conductive material that is movable relative to the first conductor and the fourth conductor. The second conductor has one end connected to the input / output terminal and the other end extended so as to be electrically coupled to the curved portion of the second conductor, and the position electrically coupled to the second conductor is A plate-like third conductor made of a conductive material that is movable relative to the bending portion, and a plurality of input / output terminals of each of the first conductor and the fourth conductor. A phase shifter connected to any one of the antenna elements, wherein the ratio of the first radius of curvature to the second radius of curvature is 2: 1 and the first conductor The third conductor and the fourth conductor are fixed, and the second conductor is moved with respect to the first conductor, the third conductor, and the fourth conductor, and each of the plurality of antenna elements is A phase shift amount is set for the transmission / reception signal.

  The antenna to which the present invention is applied is a plate-like first conductor made of a conductive material having a plurality of antenna elements, a first radius of curvature, and input / output terminals at both ends. And a plate-like fourth conductor made of a conductive material having a first radius of curvature and having input / output terminals at both ends, and a second radius of curvature smaller than the first radius of curvature. The bending portion, the first extending portion extending so as to be electrically coupled to the first conductor from one end portion of the bending portion, and the fourth conductor being electrically coupled from the other end portion of the bending portion. An extended second extending portion, a position where the first extending portion is electrically coupled to the first conductor, and a position where the second extending portion is coupled to the fourth conductor are A plate-like second conductor made of a conductive material, which is movable relative to the first conductor and the fourth conductor, and one end portion Connected to the input / output terminal, the other end extends so as to be electrically coupled to the curved portion of the second conductor, and the position electrically coupled to the second conductor moves relative to the curved portion. It has a plate-like third conductor made of a conductive material and at least three input / output terminals, and one input / output terminal of at least three input / output terminals is the third conductor. A distribution synthesizer that is connected to the input / output terminal and distributes a transmission signal or synthesizes a reception signal, and each input / output terminal of the first conductor and the fourth conductor has a plurality of antenna elements. A phase shifter connected to either of the first and second phase radiators, wherein the ratio of the first radius of curvature to the second radius of curvature is 3: 1, the first conductor, the third And the fourth conductor are fixed, the second conductor is the first conductor, the third conductor, and the fourth conductor. Phase shift with respect to transmitting and receiving signals at each of a plurality of antenna elements by moving is set to the body.

The antenna to which the present invention is applied is a plate-like first conductor made of a conductive material having a plurality of antenna elements, a first radius of curvature, and input / output terminals at both ends. And a plate-like fourth conductor made of a conductive material having a first radius of curvature and having input / output terminals at both ends, and a third radius of curvature larger than the first radius of curvature. A plate-like fifth conductor made of a conductive material, having an input / output terminal at each of both ends, a third radius of curvature, and having an input / output terminal at each of both ends A plate-like sixth conductor made of a material, a curved portion having a second radius of curvature smaller than the first radius of curvature, and the first conductor and the fifth conductor from one end of the curved portion electrically A first extending portion extending so as to be coupled, and the fourth and sixth conductors electrically from the other end of the bending portion A second extending portion extending so as to be coupled, a position where the first extending portion is electrically coupled to the first conductor, and the first extending portion is electrically coupled to the fifth conductor. The position where the second extending portion is electrically coupled to the fourth conductor, and the position where the second extending portion is coupled to the sixth conductor are the first conductor, the fourth conductor, 5 and the second conductor made of a conductive material that can move relative to the sixth conductor, one end connected to the input / output terminal, and the other end A plate made of a conductive material that extends so as to be electrically coupled to the curved portion of the second conductor and is movable relative to the curved portion at a position where it is electrically coupled to the second conductor. Each of the first conductor, the fourth conductor, the fifth conductor, and the sixth conductor has a plurality of antennas. A phase shifter connected to any of the elements, wherein the first conductor, the third conductor, the fourth conductor, the fifth conductor, and the sixth conductor are fixed in the phase shifter; The amount of phase shift is set by moving the second conductor relative to the first conductor, the third conductor, the fourth conductor, the fifth conductor, and the sixth conductor.
In such an antenna, the ratio between the first radius of curvature and the second radius of curvature may be 2: 1.

Furthermore, an antenna to which the present invention is applied is a plate-like first conductor made of a conductive material having a plurality of antenna elements, a first radius of curvature, and input / output terminals at both ends. And a plate-like fourth conductor made of a conductive material having a first radius of curvature and having input / output terminals at both ends, and a third radius of curvature larger than the first radius of curvature. A plate-like fifth conductor made of a conductive material, having an input / output terminal at each of both ends, a third radius of curvature, and having an input / output terminal at each of both ends A plate-like sixth conductor made of a material, a curved portion having a second radius of curvature smaller than the first radius of curvature, the first conductor from the one end of the curved portion, and the fifth conductor and electricity First extending portion extending so as to be coupled to each other, and fourth and sixth conductors from the other end of the bending portion A second extending portion extending so as to be electrically coupled, wherein the first extending portion is electrically coupled to the first conductor, and the first extending portion is disposed on the fifth conductor. The position where the second extending portion is electrically coupled to the fourth conductor, and the position where the second extending portion is coupled to the sixth conductor are the first conductor, the fourth, A plate-like second conductor made of a conductive material that is movable relative to the first conductor, the fifth conductor, and the sixth conductor, and one end of which is connected to the input / output terminal, The other end portion extends so as to be electrically coupled with the curved portion of the second conductor, and the position electrically coupled with the second conductor is movable relative to the curved portion. A plate-shaped third conductor configured and at least three input / output terminals, and one input / output terminal in at least three input / output terminals And a distribution synthesizer that is connected to input / output terminals of the three conductors and distributes a transmission signal or synthesizes a reception signal, and includes a first conductor, a fourth conductor, a fifth conductor, and a first Each input / output terminal of each of the six conductors is connected to one of a plurality of antenna elements, wherein the first conductor, the third conductor, the fourth conductor, The fifth conductor and the sixth conductor are fixed, and the second conductor is movable with respect to the first conductor, the third conductor, the fourth conductor, the fifth conductor, and the sixth conductor. To set the phase shift amount.
In such an antenna, the ratio between the first radius of curvature and the second radius of curvature may be 3: 1.

  From another point of view, a wireless device to which the present invention is applied is composed of a plurality of antenna elements, a first radius of curvature, and an electrically conductive material having input / output terminals at both ends. A plate-like first conductor, a plate-like fourth conductor made of a conductive material, having a first radius of curvature and having input / output terminals at both ends, and a first curvature A curved portion having a second radius of curvature smaller than the radius, a first extending portion extending from one end portion of the curved portion so as to be electrically coupled to the first conductor, and a fourth portion extending from the other end portion of the curved portion. A second extending portion extending so as to be electrically coupled to the conductor, a position where the first extending portion is electrically coupled to the first conductor, and the second extending portion is the fourth. The position of coupling with the first conductor is made of a conductive material that is movable relative to the first conductor and the fourth conductor. The plate-like second conductor and one end connected to the input / output terminal, the other end extending so as to be electrically coupled to the curved portion of the second conductor, and electrically coupled to the second conductor And a plate-like third conductor made of a conductive material, the position of which is movable relative to the curved portion, and input / output of each of the first conductor and the fourth conductor A phase shifter whose terminal is connected to one of the plurality of antenna elements, and a transmission signal for transmitting radio waves by the plurality of antenna elements to the input / output terminal of the third conductor of the phase shifter, or A transmission / reception unit for receiving a reception signal converted from radio waves received by a plurality of antenna elements from an input / output terminal of a third conductor, and in the phase shifter, a first curvature radius and a second curvature radius Ratio is 2: 1, and the first conductor, the third conductor, and the fourth conductor are fixed. , The second conductor first conductor, the third conductor, and phase shift amount to the transmission and reception signals in the respective by movable relative to the fourth conductor plurality of antenna elements are set.

  The wireless device to which the present invention is applied has a plate-shaped first element made of a conductive material having a plurality of antenna elements, a first radius of curvature, and input / output terminals at both ends. A conductor, a plate-like fourth conductor made of a conductive material having a first radius of curvature and having input / output terminals at both ends, and a second radius of curvature smaller than the first radius of curvature A first extending portion extending so as to be electrically coupled to the first conductor from one end portion of the curved portion, and a fourth conductor electrically coupled to the fourth conductor from the other end portion of the curved portion. A position where the first extension portion is electrically coupled to the first conductor, and a position where the second extension portion is coupled to the fourth conductor. A plate-like second conductor made of a conductive material, which is movable relative to the first conductor and the fourth conductor, and one end portion Connected to the input / output terminal, the other end extends so as to be electrically coupled to the curved portion of the second conductor, and the position electrically coupled to the second conductor moves relative to the curved portion. It has a plate-like third conductor made of a conductive material and at least three input / output terminals, and one input / output terminal of at least three input / output terminals is the third conductor. A distribution synthesizer that is connected to the input / output terminal and distributes a transmission signal or synthesizes a reception signal, and each input / output terminal of the first conductor and the fourth conductor has a plurality of antenna elements. A phase shifter connected to any of the above and a transmission signal for transmitting a radio wave by a plurality of antenna elements is transmitted to the input / output terminal of the distribution synthesizer of the phase shifter or received by a plurality of antenna elements The received signal converted from the received radio wave A phase shifter, wherein the ratio of the first radius of curvature to the second radius of curvature is 3: 1, the first conductor, the third conductor, and the first The four conductors are fixed, and the second conductor is moved with respect to the first conductor, the third conductor, and the fourth conductor, and the amount of phase shift with respect to the transmission / reception signal in each of the plurality of antenna elements is increased. Is set.

The wireless device to which the present invention is applied has a plate-shaped first element made of a conductive material having a plurality of antenna elements, a first radius of curvature, and input / output terminals at both ends. A conductor, a plate-like fourth conductor made of a conductive material, having an input / output terminal at each end, and a third radius of curvature greater than the first radius of curvature; A plate-like fifth conductor made of a conductive material having an input / output terminal at each of both ends, a third radius of curvature, and having an input / output terminal at each of both ends, A plate-like sixth conductor made of a conductive material, a curved portion having a second radius of curvature smaller than the first radius of curvature, a first conductor from the one end of the curved portion, and a fifth conductor; A first extending portion extending so as to be electrically coupled, and fourth and sixth conductors from the other end of the bending portion; A second extending portion extending so as to be electrically coupled, wherein the first extending portion is electrically coupled to the first conductor, and the first extending portion is electrically coupled to the fifth conductor. The position where the second extending portion is electrically coupled to the fourth conductor, and the position where the second extending portion is coupled to the sixth conductor are the first conductor, the fourth conductor, A plate-like second conductor made of a conductive material that is movable relative to the conductor, the fifth conductor, and the sixth conductor, one end of which is connected to the input / output terminal, and others The end portion extends so as to be electrically coupled to the curved portion of the second conductor, and the position electrically coupled to the second conductor is movable relative to the curved portion. A plurality of input / output terminals of each of the first conductor, the fourth conductor, the fifth conductor, and the sixth conductor. A phase shifter connected to one of the antenna elements and a transmission signal for transmitting radio waves by the plurality of antenna elements to the input / output terminal of the third conductor of the phase shifter, or a plurality of antennas A transmission / reception unit that receives a reception signal converted from radio waves received by the element from an input / output terminal of the third conductor, and in the phase shifter, the first conductor, the third conductor, the fourth conductor, The fifth conductor and the sixth conductor are fixed, and the second conductor is movable with respect to the first conductor, the third conductor, the fourth conductor, the fifth conductor, and the sixth conductor. To set the amount of phase shift.
In such a wireless device, the ratio between the first radius of curvature and the second radius of curvature may be 2: 1.

Furthermore, the wireless device to which the present invention is applied has a plate-shaped first element made of a conductive material having a plurality of antenna elements, a first radius of curvature, and input / output terminals at both ends. A conductor, a plate-like fourth conductor made of a conductive material, having an input / output terminal at each end, and a third radius of curvature greater than the first radius of curvature; A plate-like fifth conductor made of a conductive material having an input / output terminal at each of both ends, a third radius of curvature, and having an input / output terminal at each of both ends, A plate-like sixth conductor made of a conductive material, a curved portion having a second radius of curvature smaller than the first radius of curvature, a first conductor from the one end of the curved portion, and a fifth conductor; A first extending portion extending so as to be electrically coupled, and fourth and sixth conductors from the other end of the bending portion; A second extending portion extending so as to be electrically coupled, wherein the first extending portion is electrically coupled to the first conductor, and the first extending portion is disposed on the fifth conductor. The position where the second extending portion is electrically coupled to the fourth conductor, and the position where the second extending portion is coupled to the sixth conductor are the first conductor, the fourth, A plate-like second conductor made of a conductive material that is movable relative to the first conductor, the fifth conductor, and the sixth conductor, and one end of which is connected to the input / output terminal, The other end portion extends so as to be electrically coupled with the curved portion of the second conductor, and the position electrically coupled with the second conductor is movable relative to the curved portion. A plate-shaped third conductor configured and at least three input / output terminals, and one input / output terminal in at least three input / output terminals And a distribution synthesizer that is connected to input / output terminals of the three conductors and distributes a transmission signal or synthesizes a reception signal, and includes a first conductor, a fourth conductor, a fifth conductor, and a first A phase shifter in which each input / output terminal of each of the six conductors is connected to one of the plurality of antenna elements, and a transmission signal for transmitting a radio wave by the plurality of antenna elements is input to the distribution synthesizer of the phase shifter. A transmission / reception unit that receives a received signal converted from radio waves received by a plurality of antenna elements from an input / output terminal of the distribution synthesizer, in the phase shifter, the first conductor, The third conductor, the fourth conductor, the fifth conductor, and the sixth conductor are fixed, and the second conductor is the first conductor, the third conductor, the fourth conductor, the fifth conductor, In addition, the amount of phase shift is set by moving the sixth conductor.
In such a wireless device, the ratio between the first radius of curvature and the second radius of curvature may be 3: 1.

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the phase shifter etc. which suppressed the loss of the transmission / reception signal can be provided.

It is a figure which shows an example of the whole structure of the base station antenna for mobile communications to which 1st Embodiment is applied. It is a figure which shows an example of a structure of the sector antenna in 1st Embodiment. It is a figure which shows the connection relation of an array antenna, a phase shifter, and a divider | distributor. It is a figure which shows the general view of the phase shifter in 1st Embodiment. It is a figure which shows the inside of the phase shifter in 1st Embodiment. It is the figure which took out and showed the conductor in a phase shifter. It is a figure explaining the amount of phase shifts of a phase shifter in case radius Ri: radius Ro is 1: 3. It is a figure which shows the connection relation of an array antenna and a phase shifter. It is a figure explaining the amount of phase shifts of a phase shifter in case radius Ri: radius Ro is 1: 2. It is a figure which shows the inside of the phase shifter in 2nd Embodiment. It is a figure explaining an example of a structure of the omni antenna in 3rd Embodiment.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[First Embodiment]
<Base station antenna 1>
FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating an example of an overall configuration of a mobile communication base station antenna 1 to which the first exemplary embodiment is applied. FIG. 1A is a perspective view of the base station antenna 1, and FIG. 1B is a diagram illustrating an installation example of the base station antenna 1.
The base station antenna 1 includes, for example, a plurality of sector antennas 10-1 to 10-3 held by a steel tower 20, as shown in FIG. Then, as shown in FIG. 1 (b), the base station antenna 1 causes radio waves to reach the cell 2. That is, the cell 2 is a range where radio waves reach from the base station antenna 1.
The sector antennas 10-1 to 10-3 each have a cylindrical outer shape, and the central axis of the cylinder is provided perpendicular to the ground.

  As shown in FIG. 1B, the cell 2 includes a plurality of sectors 3-1 to 3-3 that are divided by angles in a horizontal plane. Each of the sectors 3-1 to 3-3 is provided corresponding to the three sector antennas 10-1 to 10-3 of the base station antenna 1. That is, the direction of the main lobe 11 where the electric field of each output radio wave of the sector antennas 10-1 to 10-3 is large is directed to the corresponding sector 3-1 to 3-3.

Here, when the sector antennas 10-1 to 10-3 are not distinguished from each other, they are represented as sector antennas 10. In addition, when the sectors 3-1 to 3-3 are not distinguished from each other, they are represented as sector 3.
The base station antenna 1 shown as an example in FIG. 1 includes three sector antennas 10-1 to 10-3, which correspond to the sectors 3-1 to 3-3, respectively. And the number of sectors 3 may be a predetermined number other than three. In FIG. 1A, the sector 3 is configured by dividing the cell 2 into equal parts. However, the sector 3 may not be equally divided, and any one sector 3 is wider than the other sectors 3 or It may be configured narrowly.

  In the following description, it is assumed that the base station antenna 1 mainly transmits radio waves, but the base station antenna 1 receives radio waves due to the reversibility of the antenna. When receiving radio waves, for example, the signal flow may be reversed with the transmission signal as the reception signal.

Each sector antenna 10 includes an array antenna 100, a phase shifter 200, and a distributor 300. The sector antenna 10 may be referred to as an antenna.
The phase shifter 200 uses, for example, at least two input / output terminals (see Port 1 to Port 4 shown in FIG. 3 described later) to change the phase of a transmission signal input to the input / output terminals (see P-In / Out shown in FIG. 3 described later). ) Output differently.
For example, the distributor 300 matches a transmission signal for transmitting a radio wave input to an input / output terminal (see D-In / Out1 shown in FIG. 3 to be described later) with impedance to match a plurality of input / output terminals (described later). (See D-In / Out2 and Port0 in FIG. 3).

Each sector antenna 10 is connected to a transmission / reception cable 31 that transmits a transmission signal to the distributor 300 and a reception signal from the distributor 300.
The transmission / reception cable 31 is connected to a transmission / reception unit 4 (see FIG. 3 described later) that transmits a transmission signal and receives a reception signal provided in a base station (not shown). The transmission / reception cable 31 is, for example, a coaxial cable.

In FIG. 1A, the array antenna 100, the phase shifter 200, the distributor 300, and the transmission / reception cable 31 are shown in the sector antenna 10-1. The other sector antennas 10-2 to 10-3 are also provided with the array antenna 100, the phase shifter 200, the distributor 300, and the transmission / reception cable 31 similarly to the sector antenna 10-1, but these notations are omitted. ing.
The array antenna 100, the phase shifter 200, and the distributor 300 will be described later.

The base station antenna 1 preferably transmits radio waves in the cell 2 and does not transmit radio waves to cells adjacent to the outside of the cell 2. Similarly, it is preferable that radio waves are received from inside the cell 2 and no radio waves are received from cells adjacent to the outside of the cell 2.
For this reason, as shown in FIG. 1A, the transmission direction and reception direction (directivity) of radio waves (beams) are inclined at an angle θ from the horizontal plane to the ground surface (referred to as a beam tilt angle θ).

<Sector antenna 10>
FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating an example of the configuration of the sector antenna 10 according to the first embodiment. FIG. 2 is a perspective view of one sector antenna 10 placed sideways.
The sector antenna 10 includes a reflector 120, an array antenna 100 including a plurality of antenna elements arranged on the reflector 120, a phase shifter 200, a distributor 300, an array antenna 100, a phase shifter 200, And a radome 500 provided to wrap the distributor 300. In FIG. 2, the radome 500 is indicated by a broken line so that the array antenna 100 provided inside the radome 500 can be seen. Moreover, since the phase shifter 200 and the divider | distributor 300 are set | placed on the back surface of the array antenna 100, they are shown with the broken line.

Hereinafter, the antenna element will be described as a dipole antenna as an example.
The array antenna 100 includes dipole antennas 110-1 to 110-5. Here, when the dipole antennas 110-1 to 110-5 are not distinguished from each other, they are referred to as dipole antennas 110.
Each dipole antenna 110 includes linear element portions 111 and 112 arranged in a straight line.
And in the part where the element part 111 and the element part 112 of the dipole antenna 110 face each other, one end is connected to the element part 111 and the other end is connected to a reflector 120 described later, and one end is similarly A conductor portion 114 is provided which is connected to the element portion 112 and whose other end is connected to the reflection plate 120.
The element portions 111 and 112 and the conductor portions 113 and 114 are made of a conductor such as copper or aluminum on the surface side of an insulating substrate (not shown) such as an epoxy resin.

  The dipole antenna 110 shown in FIG. 2 can transmit and receive a polarized wave (vertical polarized wave) whose electric field vibrates in a direction perpendicular to the ground surface. Note that by arranging the element units 111 and 112 in parallel with the ground surface, polarized waves (horizontal polarized waves) in which the electric field vibrates in a direction parallel to the ground surface may be transmitted and received. Also, the dipole antenna 110 that receives vertical polarization and the dipole antenna that receives horizontal polarization are arranged alternately or crossing so that the array antenna 100 transmits and receives both vertical and horizontal polarization. May be.

The reflector 120 reflects the radio wave transmitted by the dipole antenna 110 and holds the dipole antenna 110. In FIG. 2, five dipole antennas 110 are arranged on the reflector 120 with a distance Dp.
The part of the reflector 120 facing the dipole antenna 110 is flat, and both ends of the reflector 120 are bent to the side opposite to the side on which the dipole antenna 110 is provided. Note that both end portions may not be bent, and may be bent to the side where the dipole antenna 110 is provided.
The reflector 120 is made of a conductor, such as aluminum or copper.

  In FIG. 2, the reflector 120 is provided in common to the five dipole antennas 110-1 to 110-5, but it may be considered that the reflector 120 is separated for each dipole antenna 110.

The radome 500 includes a cylinder 501, an upper lid 502 that covers an upper end portion of the cylinder 501, and a lower lid 503 that covers a lower end portion of the cylinder 501. The radome 500 stores the array antenna 100, the phase shifter 200, and the distributor 300 therein.
The lower lid 503 of the radome 500 is provided with a connector (not shown) to which the distributor 300 and the transmission / reception cable 31 for transmitting transmission signals and reception signals are connected.
The radome 500 is made of an insulating resin such as FRP (fiber reinforced plastics), for example.

The array antenna 100 of the sector antenna 10 shown in FIG. 2 includes five dipole antennas 110. However, the number of dipole antennas 110 is not limited to five, and may be a predetermined number.
In addition, the sector antenna 10 shown in FIG. 2 is composed of one array antenna 100 having five dipole antennas 110, but may be composed of a plurality of array antennas 100 arranged.

  Furthermore, in FIG. 2, the radome 500 that covers the array antenna 100 and the like is a cylinder 501 having an upper lid 502 and a lower lid 503. It may be.

  In FIG. 2, the notation of the connection between the phase shifter 200, the distributor 300, and the dipole antenna 110 is omitted.

<Connection relationship between array antenna 100, phase shifter 200, and distributor 300>
FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a connection relationship between the array antenna 100, the phase shifter 200, and the distributor 300.
Here, the array antenna 100 will be described as including five dipole antennas 110 (110-1, 110-2,..., 110-5).

The phase shifter 200 includes five input / output terminals P-In / Out, Port1 to Port4. Each of Port 1 to Port 4 is an example of a first input / output terminal, and P-In / Out is an example of a second input / output terminal.
The P-In / Out of the phase shifter 200 is connected to D-In / Out2, which is an input / output terminal of a distributor 300 described later. Port 1 is connected to the dipole antenna 110-1, Port 2 is connected to the dipole antenna 110-2, Port 3 is connected to the dipole antenna 110-4, and Port 4 is connected to the dipole antenna 110-5. As will be described later, the dipole antenna 110-3 is connected to Port0 of the distributor 300 and is not connected to the phase shifter 200.

When the array antenna 100 transmits radio waves, the Port 1 to Port 4 of the phase shifter 200 output the transmission signals input to P-In / Out with a phase shift.
Further, when the array antenna 100 receives radio waves, P-In / Out synthesizes and outputs the received signals input to Port 1 to Port 4 while shifting the phases of the received signals.
The amount of phase to be shifted (phase shift amount) can be varied by a rotating shaft 220 (see FIG. 4) provided in the phase shifter 200.

The distributor 300 includes input / output terminals D-In / Out1, D-In / Out2, and Port0. The D-In / Out 1 of the distributor 300 is connected to the transmission / reception unit 4 via the transmission / reception cable 31. Port 0 of distributor 300 is connected to dipole antenna 110-3, and D-In / Out 2 is connected to P-In / Out of phase shifter 200.
When the array antenna 100 transmits radio waves, the distributor 300 transmits Port 0 and D-In in a state in which the transmission signals input from the transmission / reception unit 4 to the D-In / Out 1 via the transmission / reception cable 31 are matched in impedance. / Out2 is distributed and output.
In addition, when the array antenna 100 receives radio waves, the reception signals input to Port 0 and D-In / Out 2 of the distributor 300 are combined and output from the D-In / Out 1 to the transmission / reception unit 4 via the transmission / reception cable 31. To do.

  Next, operations of the phase shifter 200 and the distributor 300 will be described. Here, a case where radio waves are transmitted from the sector antenna 10 will be described. Due to the reversibility of the antenna, when the sector antenna 10 receives radio waves, the signal flow direction may be reversed.

A transmission signal transmitted from the transmission / reception unit 4 is input to D-In / Out 1 of the distributor 300 via the transmission / reception cable 31. Then, the transmission signal is distributed by the distributor 300 and output from D-In / Out2 and Port0.
Then, the transmission signal output from Port 0 is input to dipole antenna 110-3, and the transmission signal output from D-In / Out 2 is input to P-In / Out of phase shifter 200.
Here, the phase shift amount is set to “0” on the basis of the phase of the transmission signal output from Port0.

In the phase shifter 200, for example, Port 1 has a phase shift amount −4φ, Port 2 has a phase shift amount −2φ, Port 3 has a phase shift amount + 2φ, and Port 4 has a transmission signal (phase shift amount 0) output from Port 0. A transmission signal with a phase shift amount of + 4φ is output. Here, φ is a preset phase shift amount.
Port 1 is connected to the dipole antenna 110-1, Port 2 is connected to the dipole antenna 110-2, Port 3 is connected to the dipole antenna 110-4, and Port 4 is connected to the dipole antenna 110-5. Therefore, the transmission signals transmitted to the dipole antennas 110-1 to 110-5 including the dipole antenna 110-3 connected to the Port 0 of the distributor 300 are phase shift amounts −4φ, −2φ, 0, + 2φ, + 4φ. That is, the difference in the amount of phase shift between transmission signals transmitted to each of the dipole antennas 110 is 2φ.

As described above, in the array antenna 100, the dipole antennas 110-1 to 110-5 are arranged at a constant interval Dp. Therefore, since the difference in phase shift amount is 2φ, the directivity of the output radio wave (beam tilt angle θ in FIG. 1) is obtained from 2φ which is the difference between the distance Dp and the phase shift amount.
That is, when the array antenna 100 is composed of a plurality of dipole antennas 110 arranged at a constant interval Dp, the directivity of the array antenna 100 is the amount of phase shift of transmission signals transmitted to the adjacent dipole antennas 110. Control can be performed by setting the difference to a predetermined value.

  The sector antenna 10 here includes at least an array antenna 100 and a phase shifter 200. Here, it is assumed that the wireless device 6 includes at least the sector antenna 10 and the transmission / reception unit 4.

  In FIG. 3, Ports 1 to 4 of the phase shifter 200 and Port 0 of the distributor 300 are each connected to one dipole antenna 110. However, Ports 1 to 4 of the phase shifter 200 and Port 0 of the distributor 300 may be connected to a group including a plurality of dipole antennas 110, respectively. In this case, the dipole antennas 110-1 to 110-5 in FIG.

<Phase shifter 200>
Next, the phase shifter 200 will be described in detail.
FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating an overview of the phase shifter 200 according to the first embodiment.
The phase shifter 200 includes plate-like members 201 and 202 that are both semicircular, for example. The plate-like members 201 and 202 are separated by a predetermined interval. The phase shifter 200 includes side members 203 that are connected to each other in the straight portions of the plate-like members 201 and 202, and side members 204 that are connected to each other in the semicircular arc portions of the plate-like members 201 and 202. It has. Here, the plate member 201 is an example of a first plate member, and the plate member 202 is an example of a second plate member.
The phase shifter 200 includes Port 2 and Port 3 on the side member 203, and P-In / Out, Port 1 and Port 4 on the side member 204. Here, P-In / Out, Port1, Port2, Port3, and Port4 are provided on the side member 203 and the side member 204, but some or all of them may be provided on the plate-like members 201 and 202.

The plate-like members 201 and 202 and the side members 203 and 204 of the phase shifter 200 are made of a conductive material such as copper or aluminum.
The plate-like members 201 and 202 and the side members 203 and 204 of the phase shifter 200 are at the same potential.
And the space | interval of the plate-shaped members 201 and 202 is 10 mm, for example.

  Furthermore, the phase shifter 200 further includes a rotating shaft 220 provided so as to protrude from a hole provided in the plate-like member 201.

  Here, the shape of the plate-like members 201 and 202 of the phase shifter 200 is a semicircular shape, but may be a square shape or other shapes.

  FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating the inside of the phase shifter 200 according to the first embodiment. FIG. 5A is a diagram showing the phase shifter 200 with the plate-like member 201 removed. FIG.5 (b) is a figure which shows the cross section in the VB-VB line | wire of Fig.5 (a).

First, referring to FIG. 5A, the planar shape inside the phase shifter 200 will be described. The phase shifter 200 includes a linear conductor 211 and a conductor curved in an arc shape having a radius Ro as an example of a first curvature radius inside the plate-shaped members 201 and 202 and the side members 203 and 204. 212 and 213, and a conductor 214 having a curved portion 214a curved in an arc shape having a radius Ri as an example of a second curvature radius, and extending portions 214b and 214c extending linearly from both ends of the curved portion 214a, respectively. It has.
The radius Ro is a distance from the center (rotating shaft 220) to the center of each width of the conductor 212 and the conductor 213. Similarly, the radius Ri is a distance from the center (rotating shaft 220) to the center of the width of the curved portion 214a of the conductor 214. That is, the conductors 212 and 213 and the curved portion 214a of the conductor 214 constitute part of a concentric circle having the same center (rotating shaft 220).
Here, the conductor 212 is an example of a first conductor, the conductor 214 is an example of a second conductor, and the conductor 211 is an example of a third conductor.

These conductors 211, 212, 213, and 214 are made of a conductive material having high conductivity such as copper or aluminum, and have a width of 10 mm and a thickness of 1 mm, for example.
The arcuate conductors 212 and 213 having a radius Ro have a central angle of, for example, 80 ° and a radius Ro of, for example, 75 mm. Further, the curved portion 214a curved in an arc shape with a radius Ri in the conductor 214 has a center angle of, for example, 100 ° and a radius Ri of, for example, 25 mm. Here, as an example, radius Ri: radius Ro is set to 1: 3.

The conductors 212 and 213 curved in an arc shape with a radius Ro are provided so as not to overlap each other, and a linear conductor 211 is provided between the conductors 212 and 213. The linear conductor 211 is provided in the radial direction of a circle having a radius Ro. The conductor 211 does not overlap with the center (the rotation shaft 220).
On the other hand, the conductor 214 is configured to rotate with respect to the conductors 211, 212, and 213 around the center (rotation shaft 220). The conductor 214 does not overlap (does not intersect) the rotating shaft 220, and is thus fixed to the rotating shaft 220 by a holding member 221 that is an electrically insulating material (dielectric material).

The linear conductor 211 has one end connected to P-In / Out and the other end overlapped (intersected) with the curved portion 214a of the conductor 214. The other end of the conductor 211 extends in the width direction at a portion α that overlaps the curved portion 214a of the conductor 214 (see FIG. 6A described later). Further, as shown in FIG. 5B, a spacer 231 that is a dielectric layer is sandwiched in a portion α where the conductor 211 and the curved portion 214a of the conductor 214 overlap.
That is, the conductor 211 and the conductor 214 are configured to be capacitively coupled via the spacer 231 at the portion α where the conductor 211 and the curved portion 214a of the conductor 214 overlap.

  One end of a conductor 212 curved in an arc shape with a radius Ro is connected to Port 1 and the other end is connected to Port 3. One end of a conductor 213 curved in an arc shape with a radius Ro is connected to Port 2, and the other end is connected to Port 4.

The ends of the extending portions 214b and 214c that extend linearly from both ends of the curved portion 214a of the conductor 214 overlap (intersect) with the conductors 212 and 213, respectively.
In the portion β where the extending portion 214b of the conductor 214 and the conductor 212 overlap, the end portion of the extending portion 214b extends in the width direction. In addition, a spacer 232 that is a dielectric layer is sandwiched in a portion β where the extending portion 214b of the conductor 214 and the conductor 212 overlap. Accordingly, the conductor 214 and the conductor 212 are configured to be capacitively coupled via the spacer 232 at the portion β where the extending portion 214b of the conductor 214 and the conductor 212 overlap.
Similarly, in the portion γ where the extending portion 214c of the conductor 214 and the conductor 213 overlap, the end portion of the extending portion 214c extends in the width direction. In addition, a spacer 233 that is a dielectric layer is sandwiched between a portion γ where the extending portion 214c of the conductor 214 and the conductor 213 overlap. Accordingly, the conductor 214 and the conductor 213 are configured to be capacitively coupled via the spacer 233 at the portion γ where the extending portion 214c of the conductor 214 and the conductor 213 overlap.

By expanding the other end portion of the conductor 211 and the end portions of the extending portions 214b and 214c of the conductor 214 in the width direction, the degree of coupling (capacitive coupling) of transmission and reception signals is increased. However, the other end portion of the conductor 211 and the end portions of the extending portions 214b and 214c of the conductor 214 need not be widened in the width direction.
The spacers 231, 232, and 233 are made of an insulating material (dielectric material) that has little loss at high frequencies, such as polytetrafluoroethylene. The spacers 231, 232, and 233 reduce friction with the conductors 211, 212, and 213 when the conductor 214 is rotated, and facilitate sliding.
An air layer may be used instead of the spacers 231, 232, and 233 that are dielectric layers.

  Further, instead of rotating the conductor 214, the conductors 211, 212, and 213 may be rotated. It is sufficient that the conductor 214 and the conductors 211, 212, and 213 are relatively movable.

Next, a cross section of the phase shifter 200 will be described with reference to FIG. The cross section shown in FIG. 5B is a cross section taken along line VB-VB in FIG. 5A, and shows a cross section of the conductor 214 (extension portion 214 c) and a cross section of the conductor 211.
In the phase shifter 200, as shown in FIG. 5B, conductors 211, 213, and 214 are sandwiched between plate-like members 201 and 202 made of a conductive material. Although not shown in FIG. 5B, the conductor 212 is the same. The plate-like members 201 and 202 are at the same potential. That is, the conductors 211, 212, 213, and 214 form a triplate line structure with the plate-like members 201 and 202. Therefore, the phase shifter 200 is an electromagnetic protection type that is not easily affected by electromagnetic noise, and is easy to handle.

As described above, the spacers 231, 232, and 233, which are dielectric layers, are interposed in the portions where the conductors 211, 212, 213, and 214 overlap. However, the conductors 211, 212, 213, and 214 are not formed on a substrate using an insulating material (dielectric material) such as glass epoxy.
That is, since the space surrounded by the plate-like members 201 and 202 and the side members 203 and 204 is air, the dielectric loss (tan δ) of the high-frequency signal that is transmitted and received through the conductors 211, 212, 213, and 214 is high. Occurrence is suppressed.

  The conductors 211, 212, and 213 are fixed to the plate-like members 201 and 202 by providing spacers (not shown). As described above, the conductor 214 is fixed to the rotating shaft 220 via the holding member 221.

The rotating shaft 220 extends outside a space surrounded by the plate-like members 201 and 202 and the side members 203 and 204 through a hole provided in the plate-like member 201.
By rotating the rotating shaft 220, the conductor 214 rotates around the rotating shaft 220, and the position of the portion α where the curved portion 214a of the conductor 214 and the conductor 211 overlap moves along the curved portion 214a. The position of the portion β where the extending portion 214 b and the conductor 212 overlap moves along the conductor 212, and the position of the portion γ where the extending portion 214 c of the conductor 214 overlaps with the conductor 213 moves along the conductor 213. As a result, the phase (phase shift amount) of the transmission / reception signal changes at Ports 1, 2, 3, and 4.

  At this time, the distance at which the position α of the portion where the curved portion 214a of the conductor 214 and the conductor 211 overlap moves along the curved portion 214a and the position of the portion β where the extending portion 214b of the conductor 214 and the conductor 212 overlap are the conductor 212. Is set to have a predetermined ratio. That is, it is set by the radius Ri and the radius Ro.

  The conductors 211, 212, 213, and 214 are surfaces parallel to the plate-like members 201 and 202 (surfaces indicated by the line AA in FIG. 5B) except for the overlapping portions α, β, and γ. Is provided inside. Thereby, the fluctuation | variation of the impedance generate | occur | produced when the conductor 214 is rotated around the rotating shaft 220 is suppressed.

FIG. 6 is a diagram showing the conductors 211, 212, 213, and 214 extracted from the phase shifter 200. FIG. FIG. 6A shows the conductors 211, 212, and 213, and FIG. 6B shows the conductor 214.
As shown in FIG. 6A, the linear conductor 211 and the conductors 212 and 213 curved in an arc shape with a radius Ro are arranged so as not to overlap each other. On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 6B, the conductor 214 includes a curved portion 214a that is curved in an arc shape with a radius Ri, and extending portions 214b and 214c that are linearly extended from both ends of the curved portion 214a. Yes.
Therefore, the phase shifter 200 in the first embodiment has a configuration that can be easily assembled, and is excellent in mass productivity.

  Note that the angle formed by the extending portion 214b and the extending portion 214c of the conductor 214 is such that the extending portion 214b is at the center of the conductor 212 (an intermediate position between the end portion to which Port 1 is connected and the end portion to which Port 3 is connected). In some cases, the extending portion 214c is preferably set so as to be in the center of the conductor 213 (an intermediate position between the end to which the Port 2 is connected and the end to which the Port 4 is connected). If the conductor 212 and the conductor 213 are bilaterally symmetric in the plane of FIG. 5, there is no difference in the phase amounts of Port1 to Port4 in this state.

FIG. 7 is a diagram for explaining the amount of phase shift of the phase shifter 200 when the radius Ri: the radius Ro is 1: 3. FIG. 7A shows an equivalent circuit of the phase shifter 200, and FIG. 7B shows a phase shift amount. Here, description will be made assuming that radio waves are transmitted.
In FIG. 7A, for easy understanding, the angle formed by the extending portion 214b and the extending portion 214c of the conductor 214 in the phase shifter 200 shown in FIG. Therefore, the extending portion 214b and the extending portion 214c of the conductor 214 are on one straight line, and the conductor 212 and the conductor 213 are symmetric with respect to the BB line. In FIG. 7A, an angle ω (radian) formed between the line BB and the extending portion 214b and the extending portion 214c of the conductor 214 is set to be positive in the clockwise direction.
In the case of counterclockwise rotation, the angle ω may be negative.

A path through which a transmission signal input to P-In / Out propagates to Port 1 to Port 4 will be described.
The transmission signal input to P-In / Out propagates through the conductor 211 and then enters the conductor 214 via a portion α where the conductor 211 and the curved portion 214a of the conductor 214 overlap. The transmission signal propagated rightward in FIG. 7A through the conductor 214 propagates through the extending portion 214b of the conductor 214. And it inputs into the conductor 212 via the part (beta) in which the extending | stretching part 214b of the conductor 214 and the conductor 212 overlap. The transmission signal input to the conductor 212 propagates upward in the conductor 212 in FIG. 7A and reaches Port1. Further, the transmission signal input to the conductor 212 propagates down the conductor 212 in FIG. 7A and reaches Port3.
On the other hand, the transmission signal that has propagated through the conductor 214 in the left direction in FIG. 7A propagates through the extending portion 214 c of the conductor 214. And it inputs into the conductor 213 via the part (gamma) with which the extending | stretching part 214c and the conductor 213 of the conductor 214 overlap. Then, the transmission signal input to the conductor 213 propagates upward in the conductor 213 in FIG. And it reaches Port4. Also, the transmission signal input to the conductor 213 propagates downward in the conductor 213 in FIG. And it reaches Port2.

  Here, when the angle ω (radian) is “0”, in FIG. 7A, the extending portion 214 b and the extending portion 214 c of the conductor 214 are on the line BB. Then, the transmission signal input to the P-In / Out passes through the same length path regardless of which of the Port 1 to Port 4 is reached. Therefore, there is no difference in the amount of phase shift in Port1 to Port4.

Next, as shown in FIG. 7A, the case where the extending portion 214b and the extending portion 214c of the conductor 214 are at an angle ω with respect to the line BB will be described. Here, the transmission signal appearing at Port 1 to Port 4 will be described with the case where the angle ω is “0” as “reference”. Here, the transmission signal is expressed by a complex number display of a sine wave, and the description will be made by paying attention to the portion indicating the phase (exponential portion).
First, Port1 will be described. Since the extending portion 214b is at an angle ω with respect to the BB line, the transmission signal propagates longer (ω × Ri) than the “reference” in the bending portion 214a. The phase delay due to this is 2π × (ω × Ri) / λg. Further, the transmission signal propagates longer on the conductor 212 (ω × Ro) than the “reference”. The phase delay due to this is 2π × (ω × Ro) / λg. Therefore, the transmission signal at Port 1 is expressed by Expression (1).
Note that λg is the wavelength of the transmission signal propagating on the conductors 211, 212, 213, and 214 of the phase shifter 200.

  Next, the amount of phase shift with respect to Port 2 will be described. The transmission signal propagates (ω × Ri) shorter in the curved portion 214a than in the “reference”. This leads to a phase advance of 2π × (ω × Ri) / λg. Further, the transmission signal propagates on the conductor 213 longer (ω × Ro) than the “reference”. The phase delay due to this is 2π × (ω × Ro) / λg. Therefore, the transmission signal at Port 2 is expressed by Expression (2).

For Port 3, the transmission signal propagates longer in the curved portion 214a by (ω × Ri) than in the reference case, and propagates in the conductor 212 shorter by (ω × Ro) than in the “reference”. . Therefore, the transmission signal at Port 3 is expressed by Expression (3).
Further, for Port 4, the transmission signal propagates shorter (ω × Ri) than the “reference” in the curved portion 214a, and propagates shorter (ω × Ro) than the “reference” in the conductor 213. . Therefore, the transmission signal at Port 4 is expressed by Expression (4).

  When radius Ri: radius Ro = 1: 3, transmission signals at Port 1 to Port 4 are expressed by equations (5) to (8), respectively. Here, 2π / λg · Ri · ω = φ. Then, the difference in phase amount between Port1 and Port2 and between Port3 and Port4 is 2φ, but the difference in phase amount between Port2 and Port3 is 4φ.

Therefore, as shown in FIG. 3, the transmission signal transmitted from the transmission / reception unit 4 is distributed by the distributor 300 so that the transmission signal from Port 0 of the distributor 300 becomes the phase shift amount “0”. And Port3. In this way, as shown in FIG. 7B, the phase amount difference between adjacent ports is 2φ.
Thereby, with respect to the array antenna 100 in which the five dipole antennas 110 are arranged at equal intervals (see the interval Dp in FIG. 2), the difference in phase shift amount between the adjacent dipole antennas 110 is set to a predetermined value. The beam tilt angle θ of the sector antenna 10 can be controlled.

Rotating the rotation shaft 220, the portion α where the conductor 211 and the curved portion 214a of the conductor 214 overlap, the portion β where the extending portion 214b of the conductor 214 and the conductor 212 overlap, and the extending portion 214c and the conductor 213 of the conductor 214 The phase of each port changes by changing the position of the portion γ where the two overlap. Therefore, the beam tilt angle θ of the sector antenna 10 can be changed (variable).
The rotating shaft 220 may be rotated manually or may be electrically rotated by providing a motor. When rotating the rotating shaft 220 with a motor, in order to control the rotation angle of the rotating shaft 220 by a motor, you may carry out by providing a control apparatus outside the sector antenna 10, and transmitting a control signal.

In the above, by combining the distributor 300 and the phase shifter 200, the difference in the phase amount of the plurality of transmission signals supplied to the array antenna 100 becomes the difference in the predetermined phase amount between the adjacent ports. Was set as follows. As an example in this case, as shown in FIG. 7B, radius Ri: radius Ro = 1: 3.
In the phase shifter 200 shown in FIG. 5, the radius Ri: radius Ro can be set to a value different from 1: 3.

Next, as an example of different values of radius Ri: radius Ro, the case of radius Ri: radius Ro = 1: 2 will be described. In this case, the phase difference between the plurality of transmission signals supplied to the array antenna 100 by the phase shifter 200 without using the distributor 300 is set to be a predetermined phase amount difference between adjacent ports. it can.
FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating a connection relationship between the array antenna 100 and the phase shifter 200.
Here, description will be made assuming that the array antenna 100 includes four dipole antennas 110 (110-1, 110-2,..., 110-4).
The phase shifter 200 includes P-In / Out and four Port1 to Port4. P-In / Out is connected to the transmission / reception unit 4. Port 1 is connected to the dipole antenna 110-1, Port 2 is connected to the dipole antenna 110-2, Port 3 is connected to the dipole antenna 110-3, and Port 4 is connected to the dipole antenna 110-4. That is, the distributor 300 is not provided, and the transmission signal from the transmission / reception unit 4 is input to P-In / Out of the phase shifter 200.
In FIG. 8, Ports 1 to 4 of the phase shifter 200 are each connected to one dipole antenna 110. However, Ports 1 to 4 of the phase shifter 200 may be connected to groups each including a plurality of dipole antennas 110. In this case, in FIG. 8, dipole antennas 110-1 to 110-4 may be replaced with groups of dipole antennas 110, respectively.
The phase shifter 200 has the same configuration as that shown in FIGS. However, radius Ri: radius Ro = 1: 2.

FIG. 9 is a diagram for explaining the amount of phase shift of the phase shifter 200 when the radius Ri: the radius Ro is 1: 2. FIG. 9A shows an equivalent circuit of the phase shifter 200, and FIG. 9B shows a phase shift amount. Here, description will be made assuming that radio waves are transmitted.
When radius Ri: radius Ro = 1: 2, formulas (1) to (4) are expressed by formulas (9) to (12), respectively. Here, 2π / λg · Ri · ω = φ. Then, the phase amount differences between Port1 and Port2, between Port2 and Port3, and between Port3 and Port4 are all 2φ.

Therefore, in the case of radius Ri: radius Ro = 1: 2, unlike the case of radius Ri: radius Ro = 1: 3, it is necessary to use a transmission signal whose phase shift amount from Port 0 of distributor 300 is “0”. There is no.
That is, if the transmission signals of Port 1 to Port 4 are supplied to the array antenna 100 including the four dipole antennas 110-1, 110-2, 110-3, and 110-4, the four adjacent dipole antennas 110 are equally spaced. The beam / tilt angle θ of the sector antenna 10 can be controlled by setting the phase shift amount between adjacent dipole antennas 110 to a predetermined value with respect to the array antennas 100 arranged at intervals (see the interval Dp in FIG. 2). .

  By rotating the rotating shaft 220, the portion α where the conductor 211 and the curved portion 214a of the conductor 214 overlap, the portion β where the extending portion 214b of the conductor 214 and the conductor 212 overlap, and the extending portion 214c and the conductor 213 of the conductor 214 are overlapped. By changing the position of the portion γ where and overlap, the respective phases of Port 1 to Port 4 change. Therefore, the beam tilt angle θ of the sector antenna 10 can be changed (variable).

As described above, in the first embodiment, the distributor 300 is provided by setting the radius Ri: radius Ro, and the phase is determined in advance by each Port of the phase shifter 200 and Port 0 from the distributor 300. The phase difference of each port of the phase shifter 200 can be set to be a predetermined difference without providing the distributor 300.
Note that the radius Ri: radius Ro may not be an integer ratio but may be a ratio including a decimal number.

[Second Embodiment]
In the first embodiment, the phase shifter 200 includes four Ports 1, 2, 3, and 4. In this case, by combining the phase shifter 200 and the distributor 300, it is possible to transmit transmission signals having different phases to the five dipole antennas 110 or the five groups of dipole antennas 110, respectively. In addition, the received signals of the five dipole antennas 110 or the five groups of dipole antennas 110 can be combined with different phases.
Further, only the phase shifter 200 was able to transmit transmission signals with different phases to the four dipole antennas 110 or the four groups of dipole antennas 110. Then, the received signals of the four dipole antennas 110 or the four groups of dipole antennas 110 could be combined while changing the phase.

In the second embodiment, the phase shifter 200 includes eight Ports 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, and 8. Therefore, by combining the phase shifter 200 and the distributor 300, it is possible to transmit transmission signals having different phases to up to nine dipole antennas 110 or groups of dipole antennas 110, respectively. In addition, reception signals of up to nine dipole antennas 110 or groups of dipole antennas 110 can be combined by changing the phase.
Furthermore, only the phase shifter 200 can transmit transmission signals having different phases to the eight dipole antennas 110 or the eight groups of dipole antennas 110. Then, the received signals of the eight dipole antennas 110 or the eight groups of dipole antennas 110 can be combined while changing the phase.
Other configurations are the same as those of the first embodiment. Therefore, below, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected to the same part, description is abbreviate | omitted, and a different part is demonstrated.

<Phase shifter 200>
FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating the inside of the phase shifter 200 according to the second embodiment. Similarly to FIG. 5A, the plate-like member 201 is removed to show the inside of the phase shifter 200.

  The phase shifter 200 is formed on the outer sides of the respective conductors 212 and 213 curved in an arc shape with a radius Ro of the phase shifter 200 in the first embodiment shown in FIG. Are provided with conductors 241 and 242 which are curved. These conductors 241 and 242 are fixed in the same manner as the conductors 212 and 213. Then, both ends of the conductor 241 are connected to Port5 and Port7, and both ends of the conductor 242 are connected to Port6 and Port8.

The extending portions 214b and 214c of the conductor 214 are extended so as to overlap the conductors 241 and 242, respectively. A spacer 234 that is a dielectric layer is sandwiched between a portion δ where the extending portion 214b of the conductor 214 and the conductor 241 overlap. In addition, a spacer 235 that is a dielectric layer is sandwiched in a portion ε where the extending portion 214c of the conductor 214 and the conductor 242 overlap.
An air layer may be used instead of the spacers 234 and 235 which are dielectric layers.

The phase shifter 200 includes P-In / Out and Port 1 to Port 8 as input / output terminals. Each of Port 1 to Port 8 is an example of a first input / output terminal, and P-In / Out is an example of a second input / output terminal.
By doing in this way, the transmission signal input into P-In / Out of the phase shifter 200 can be output from eight Ports 1 to 8 as transmission signals having different phases. Similarly, the received signals input to the eight Ports 1 to 8 can be synthesized by changing the phase shift and output from the P-In / Out.

A combination of Port 1 to Port 8 of the phase shifter 200 and Port 0 of the distributor 300 is set by setting the radii Ri, Ro, and Re, and a predetermined amount of phase is set in a group of up to nine dipole antennas 110 or dipole antennas 110. A transmission signal having a difference can be transmitted. Further, by setting the radii Ri, Ro, and Re, a transmission signal having a predetermined phase amount difference can be transmitted to the eight dipole antennas 110 or the eight groups of dipole antennas 110 only by the phase shifter 200.
Further, the difference in the phase amount between the Ports depends on the length (center angle) of each of the conductors 212, 213, 241, and 242, the length (center angle) of the curved portion 214a of the conductor 214, the wavelength of radio waves to be transmitted and received, You only have to set it.

  Similarly, the number of Ports can be further increased by further adding curved conductors outside the conductors 241 and 242 of the phase shifter 200.

[Third Embodiment]
The base station antenna 1 in the first embodiment and the second embodiment includes a plurality of sector antennas 10 (10-1 to 10-3) having directivity. The base station antenna 1 in the third embodiment includes an omnidirectional omni antenna 50. Note that the base station antenna 1 according to the third embodiment may include one omni antenna 50 or a plurality of omni antennas 50.
Other configurations are the same as those of the first embodiment. Therefore, below, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected to the same part, description is abbreviate | omitted, and a different part is demonstrated.

<Omni Antenna 50>
FIG. 11 is a diagram illustrating an example of the configuration of the omni antenna 50 according to the third embodiment. FIG. 10 is a perspective view in which one omni antenna 50 is placed sideways.
The omni antenna 50 is provided so as to wrap around the array antenna 150 having a plurality of antenna elements arranged at intervals Dp, the phase shifter 200, the distributor 300, the array antenna 150, the phase shifter 200, and the distributor 300. The radome 500 is provided. In FIG. 11, the radome 500 is indicated by a broken line so that the array antenna 150 provided inside the radome 500 can be seen.

Hereinafter, the antenna element will be described as a dipole antenna as an example.
The array antenna 150 includes dipole antennas 160-1 to 160-5. Here, when the dipole antennas 160-1 to 160-5 are not distinguished from each other, they are referred to as dipole antennas 160.
Each dipole antenna 160 includes linear element portions 161 and 162 arranged on a straight line.
A portion where the element portion 161 and the element portion 162 face each other is a feeding point.
The element portions 161 and 162 are made of a conductor such as copper or aluminum on the surface side of an insulating substrate (not shown) such as an epoxy resin.

The dipole antenna 160 illustrated in FIG. 11 can transmit and receive a polarized wave (vertical polarized wave) whose electric field vibrates in a direction perpendicular to the ground surface.
Unlike the array antenna 100 shown in FIG. 2 in the first embodiment, the array antenna 150 does not include the reflecting plate 120. Therefore, the array antenna 150 can transmit and receive radio waves at 360 ° in the horizontal plane.

  The phase shifter 200 and the distributor 300 are the same as described in the first embodiment. Therefore, in the phase shifter 200 shown in FIG. 5, the radius Ri: radius Ro = 1: 3 is set, Port1 of the phase shifter 200 is set to the dipole antenna 160-1, Port2 is set to the dipole antenna 160-2, and Port3 is set. By connecting Port 4 to the dipole antenna 160-5, and Port 0 of the distributor 300 to the dipole antenna 160-3, the dipole antenna 160-4 is connected to the dipole antenna 160-3 in the same manner as the sector antenna 10 in the first embodiment. The difference in phase shift amount of the antenna 160 can be set to a predetermined value. Thereby, the beam tilt angle θ of the omni antenna 50 can be controlled.

Similarly to FIG. 8 shown in the first embodiment, the omni antenna 50 having four dipole antennas 160-1, 160-2, 160-3, 160-4 is shown in FIG. In the illustrated phase shifter 200, radius Ri: radius Ro = 1: 2, Port 1 of the phase shifter 200 is set to the dipole antenna 160-1, Port 2 is set to the dipole antenna 160-2, and Port 3 is set to the dipole antenna 160-3. In addition, by connecting the Port 4 to the dipole antenna 160-4, as shown in FIG. 8 in the first embodiment, the difference in phase shift amount between the adjacent dipole antennas 160 can be set to a predetermined value. . Thereby, the beam tilt angle θ of the omni antenna 50 can be controlled.
Further, the radius Ri: the radius Ro may not be an integer ratio, but may be a ratio including a decimal number.

In the first embodiment and the second embodiment, the sector antenna 10 is configured by an antenna element (dipole antenna 110) that forms a dipole, but may be configured by using another antenna element that is different from the dipole. Good.
In the third embodiment, the omni antenna 50 is constituted by an antenna element (dipole antenna 160) constituting a dipole, but may be constituted by using another antenna element different from the dipole.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Base station antenna, 2 ... Cell, 3, 3-1 to 3-3 ... Sector, 4 ... Transmission / reception part, 6 ... Radio | wireless apparatus, 10, 10-1-10-3 ... Sector antenna, 11 ... Main lobe, 20 ... Steel tower, 50 ... Omni antenna, 100, 150 ... Array antenna, 110, 110-1 to 110-5, 160, 160-1 to 160-5 ... Dipole antenna, 120 ... Reflector, 200 ... Phase shifter, 211, 212, 213, 214, 241, 242, conductor, 220, rotating shaft, 300, distributor, 500, radome, θ, beam tilt angle

Claims (26)

A plate-like first conductor made of a conductive material having a first radius of curvature and having input / output terminals at both ends;
A plate-like fourth conductor made of a conductive material having the first radius of curvature and having input / output terminals at both ends;
A curved portion having a second radius of curvature smaller than the first radius of curvature, a first extending portion extending from one end of the curved portion so as to be electrically coupled to the first conductor, and the curved portion A second extending portion extending so as to be electrically coupled to the fourth conductor from the other end of the first position, and the first extending portion is electrically coupled to the first conductor And the position where the second extending portion is coupled to the fourth conductor is made of a conductive material that is relatively movable with respect to the first conductor and the fourth conductor. A plate-like second conductor;
One end is connected to the input / output terminal, the other end extends so as to be electrically coupled to the curved portion of the second conductor, and the position electrically coupled to the second conductor is the curved portion A plate-like third conductor made of a conductive material that is movable relative to
The ratio of the first radius of curvature to the second radius of curvature is 2: 1;
The first conductor, the third conductor, and the fourth conductor are fixed, and the second conductor is fixed to the first conductor, the third conductor, and the fourth conductor. The phase shifter is characterized in that the amount of phase shift is set by moving it. A plate-like first conductor made of a conductive material having a first radius of curvature and having input / output terminals at both ends;
A plate-like fourth conductor made of a conductive material having the first radius of curvature and having input / output terminals at both ends;
A curved portion having a second radius of curvature smaller than the first radius of curvature, a first extending portion extending from one end of the curved portion so as to be electrically coupled to the first conductor, and the curved portion A second extending portion extending so as to be electrically coupled to the fourth conductor from the other end of the first position, and the first extending portion is electrically coupled to the first conductor And the position where the second extending portion is coupled to the fourth conductor is made of a conductive material that is relatively movable with respect to the first conductor and the fourth conductor. A plate-like second conductor;
One end is connected to the input / output terminal, the other end extends so as to be electrically coupled to the curved portion of the second conductor, and the position electrically coupled to the second conductor is the curved portion A plate-like third conductor made of a conductive material, which is movable relative to
At least three input / output terminals, and one input / output terminal of the at least three input / output terminals is connected to the input / output terminal of the third conductor to distribute a transmission signal or receive a signal; A distribution synthesizer that synthesizes
The ratio of the first radius of curvature to the second radius of curvature is 3: 1;
The first conductor, the third conductor, and the fourth conductor are fixed, and the second conductor is fixed to the first conductor, the third conductor, and the fourth conductor. The phase shifter is characterized in that the amount of phase shift is set by moving it.   The phase shifter according to claim 1, wherein the first radius of curvature and the second radius of curvature are with respect to a common center.   A first plate member and a second plate member, each of which is made of a conductive material, the first conductor, the second conductor, the third conductor, and the fourth plate; The phase shifter according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the conductor is provided between the first plate-like member and the second plate-like member.   In the first conductor, the second conductor, the third conductor, and the fourth conductor, the second conductor is the first conductor, the fourth conductor, and the third conductor. 5, wherein the first plate-like member or the second plate-like member is disposed along one surface except for a portion overlapping with the conductor. Phase shifter.   Electrical coupling between the first conductor and the first extension of the second conductor, electrical coupling between the fourth conductor and the second extension of the second conductor, In addition, at least one of the electrical coupling between the curved portion of the second conductor and the third conductor is a capacitive coupling with a dielectric layer or an air layer interposed therebetween. The phase shifter of any one of Claims 1 thru | or 5. A plate-like first conductor made of a conductive material having a first radius of curvature and having input / output terminals at both ends;
A plate-like fourth conductor made of a conductive material having the first radius of curvature and having input / output terminals at both ends;
A plate-like fifth conductor made of a conductive material having a third radius of curvature larger than the first radius of curvature and having input / output terminals at both ends;
A plate-like sixth conductor made of a conductive material having the third radius of curvature and having input / output terminals at both ends;
A curved portion having a second radius of curvature smaller than the first radius of curvature, and a first extension extending from one end of the curved portion so as to be electrically coupled to the first conductor and the fifth conductor And a second extending portion extending so as to be electrically coupled to the fourth conductor and the sixth conductor from the other end of the curved portion, and the first extending portion The position where the first conductor is electrically coupled, the position where the first extension portion is electrically coupled to the fifth conductor, and the second extension portion is electrically connected to the fourth conductor. The coupling position and the position where the second extending portion is coupled to the sixth conductor are the first conductor, the fourth conductor, the fifth conductor, and the sixth conductor. A plate-like second conductor made of a conductive material, which is relatively movable;
One end is connected to the input / output terminal, the other end extends so as to be electrically coupled to the curved portion of the second conductor, and the position electrically coupled to the second conductor is the curved portion A plate-like third conductor made of a conductive material that is movable relative to
The first conductor, the third conductor, the fourth conductor, the fifth conductor, and the sixth conductor are fixed, and the second conductor is the first conductor, the third conductor A phase shift amount is set by moving the second conductor, the fourth conductor, the fifth conductor, and the sixth conductor.   The phase shifter according to claim 7, wherein a ratio of the first radius of curvature to the second radius of curvature is 2: 1. A plate-like first conductor made of a conductive material having a first radius of curvature and having input / output terminals at both ends;
A plate-like fourth conductor made of a conductive material having the first radius of curvature and having input / output terminals at both ends;
A plate-like fifth conductor made of a conductive material having a third radius of curvature larger than the first radius of curvature and having input / output terminals at both ends;
A plate-like sixth conductor made of a conductive material having the third radius of curvature and having input / output terminals at both ends;
A curved portion having a second radius of curvature smaller than the first radius of curvature, and a first extension extending from one end of the curved portion so as to be electrically coupled to the first conductor and the fifth conductor And a second extending portion extending so as to be electrically coupled to the fourth conductor and the sixth conductor from the other end of the curved portion, and the first extending portion The position where the first conductor is electrically coupled, the position where the first extension portion is electrically coupled to the fifth conductor, and the second extension portion is electrically connected to the fourth conductor. The coupling position and the position where the second extending portion is coupled to the sixth conductor are the first conductor, the fourth conductor, the fifth conductor, and the sixth conductor. A plate-like second conductor made of a conductive material, which is relatively movable,
One end is connected to the input / output terminal, the other end extends so as to be electrically coupled to the curved portion of the second conductor, and the position electrically coupled to the second conductor is the curved portion A plate-like third conductor made of a conductive material, which is movable relative to
At least three input / output terminals, and one input / output terminal of the at least three input / output terminals is connected to the input / output terminal of the third conductor to distribute a transmission signal or receive a signal; A distribution synthesizer that synthesizes
The first conductor, the third conductor, the fourth conductor, the fifth conductor, and the sixth conductor are fixed, and the second conductor is the first conductor, the third conductor A phase shift amount is set by moving the second conductor, the fourth conductor, the fifth conductor, and the sixth conductor.   The phase shifter according to claim 9, wherein a ratio of the first radius of curvature and the second radius of curvature is 3: 1.   The phase shifter according to claim 7, wherein the first radius of curvature, the second radius of curvature, and the third radius of curvature are with respect to a common center.   A first plate member and a second plate member, each of which is made of a conductive material, the first conductor, the second conductor, the third conductor, the fourth conductor; The said 5th conductor and the said 6th conductor are provided between the said 1st plate-shaped member and the said 2nd plate-shaped member, The any one of Claim 7 thru | or 11 characterized by the above-mentioned. The phase shifter according to claim 1.   The first conductor, the second conductor, the third conductor, the fourth conductor, the fifth conductor, and the sixth conductor are such that the second conductor is the first conductor. The first plate-like member, except for the portion overlapping the second conductor, the third conductor, the fourth conductor, the fifth conductor, and the sixth conductor, The phase shifter according to claim 12, wherein the phase shifter is disposed along one plane parallel to the second plate member.   Electrical coupling between the first conductor and the first extension of the second conductor; electrical coupling between the fifth conductor and the first extension of the second conductor; Electrical coupling between the fourth conductor and the second extension of the second conductor, electrical coupling between the sixth conductor and the second extension of the second conductor, In addition, at least one of the electrical coupling between the curved portion of the second conductor and the third conductor is a capacitive coupling with a dielectric layer or an air layer interposed therebetween. The phase shifter of any one of Claims 7 thru | or 13. A plurality of antenna elements;
A plate-shaped first conductor made of a conductive material having a first radius of curvature and having input / output terminals at both ends, and having the first radius of curvature and at each of both ends A plate-like fourth conductor made of a conductive material having an input / output terminal, a curved portion having a second radius of curvature smaller than the first radius of curvature, and one end of the curved portion from the first portion A first extending portion extending so as to be electrically coupled to the conductor, and a second extending portion extending so as to be electrically coupled to the fourth conductor from the other end of the curved portion. The position where the first extending portion is electrically coupled to the first conductor, and the position where the second extending portion is coupled to the fourth conductor are the first conductor, and A plate-like second conductor made of a conductive material that is movable relative to the fourth conductor, and one end portion of which is an input / output end And the other end extends so as to be electrically coupled to the curved portion of the second conductor, and the position electrically coupled to the second conductor is relatively to the curved portion. A plate-like third conductor made of a conductive material that is movable, and each input / output terminal of the first conductor and the fourth conductor is one of the plurality of antenna elements. A phase shifter connected to the
In the phase shifter,
The ratio of the first radius of curvature to the second radius of curvature is 2: 1;
The first conductor, the third conductor, and the fourth conductor are fixed, and the second conductor is fixed to the first conductor, the third conductor, and the fourth conductor. The phase shift amount is set for the transmission / reception signals in each of the plurality of antenna elements. A plurality of antenna elements;
A plate-shaped first conductor made of a conductive material having a first radius of curvature and having input / output terminals at both ends, and having the first radius of curvature and at each of both ends A plate-like fourth conductor made of a conductive material having an input / output terminal, a curved portion having a second radius of curvature smaller than the first radius of curvature, and one end of the curved portion from the first portion A first extending portion extending so as to be electrically coupled to the conductor, and a second extending portion extending so as to be electrically coupled to the fourth conductor from the other end of the curved portion. The position where the first extending portion is electrically coupled to the first conductor, and the position where the second extending portion is coupled to the fourth conductor are the first conductor, and A plate-like second conductor made of a conductive material that is movable relative to the fourth conductor, and one end portion of which is an input / output end And the other end extends so as to be electrically coupled to the curved portion of the second conductor, and the position electrically coupled to the second conductor is relatively to the curved portion. A plate-shaped third conductor made of a conductive material, which is movable, and at least three input / output terminals, wherein one input / output terminal of the at least three input / output terminals is the third input / output terminal. And a distribution synthesizer that distributes a transmission signal or synthesizes a reception signal, and is connected to the input / output terminal of the first conductor, and each input / output terminal of the first conductor and the fourth conductor And a phase shifter connected to any of the plurality of antenna elements,
In the phase shifter,
The ratio of the first radius of curvature to the second radius of curvature is 3: 1;
The first conductor, the third conductor, and the fourth conductor are fixed, and the second conductor is fixed to the first conductor, the third conductor, and the fourth conductor. The phase shift amount is set for the transmission / reception signals in each of the plurality of antenna elements. A plurality of antenna elements;
A plate-shaped first conductor made of a conductive material having a first radius of curvature and having input / output terminals at both ends, and having the first radius of curvature and at each of both ends A plate-like fourth conductor made of a conductive material having an input / output terminal, a third radius of curvature larger than the first curvature radius, and an input / output terminal at each of both ends. A plate-like fifth conductor made of a material, and a plate-like sixth conductor made of a conductive material having the third radius of curvature and having input / output terminals at both ends, A curved portion having a second radius of curvature smaller than the first radius of curvature, and a first extension extending from one end of the curved portion so as to be electrically coupled to the first conductor and the fifth conductor And the other end of the curved portion so as to be electrically coupled to the fourth and sixth conductors A position where the first extending portion is electrically coupled to the first conductor, and a position where the first extending portion is electrically coupled to the fifth conductor. The position at which the second extending portion is electrically coupled to the fourth conductor, and the position at which the second extending portion is coupled to the sixth conductor are the first conductor, the fourth, A second conductor made of a conductive material that is movable relative to the first conductor, the fifth conductor, and the sixth conductor, and one end connected to the input / output terminal The other end extends so as to be electrically coupled to the curved portion of the second conductor, and the position electrically coupled to the second conductor is movable relative to the curved portion. A plate-like third conductor made of a conductive material, and the first conductor, the fourth conductor, and the fifth conductor. And a phase shifter which is connected to one of the sixth respective input and output terminals of the plurality of antenna elements of the conductor, comprising,
In the phase shifter,
The first conductor, the third conductor, the fourth conductor, the fifth conductor, and the sixth conductor are fixed, and the second conductor is the first conductor, the third conductor The phase shift amount is set by moving the first conductor, the fourth conductor, the fifth conductor, and the sixth conductor. The antenna according to claim 17, wherein a ratio of the first radius of curvature to the second radius of curvature is 2: 1. A plurality of antenna elements;
A plate-shaped first conductor made of a conductive material having a first radius of curvature and having input / output terminals at both ends, and having the first radius of curvature and at each of both ends A plate-like fourth conductor made of a conductive material having an input / output terminal, a third radius of curvature larger than the first curvature radius, and an input / output terminal at each of both ends. A plate-like fifth conductor made of a material, and a plate-like sixth conductor made of a conductive material having the third radius of curvature and having input / output terminals at both ends, A curved portion having a second radius of curvature smaller than the first radius of curvature, and a first portion extending from one end of the curved portion so as to be electrically coupled to the first conductor and the fifth conductor It is electrically coupled to the fourth and sixth conductors from the extending portion and the other end of the curved portion. A second extending portion extending to the position where the first extending portion is electrically coupled to the first conductor, and the first extending portion is electrically connected to the fifth conductor. The position where the second extending portion is electrically connected to the fourth conductor, and the position where the second extending portion is connected to the sixth conductor are the positions where the second extending portion is connected to the sixth conductor. A plate-like second conductor made of a conductive material that is movable relative to the fourth conductor, the fifth conductor, and the sixth conductor; Connected to the output terminal, the other end extends so as to be electrically coupled to the curved portion of the second conductor, and the position electrically coupled to the second conductor is relative to the curved portion. A plate-like third conductor made of a conductive material and at least three input / output terminals, One of the three input / output terminals is connected to the input / output terminal of the third conductor and distributes the transmission signal or synthesizes the reception signal. A phase shifter in which input / output terminals of the first conductor, the fourth conductor, the fifth conductor, and the sixth conductor are connected to any one of the plurality of antenna elements. ,
In the phase shifter,
The first conductor, the third conductor, the fourth conductor, the fifth conductor, and the sixth conductor are fixed, and the second conductor is the first conductor, the third conductor The phase shift amount is set by moving the first conductor, the fourth conductor, the fifth conductor, and the sixth conductor.   The antenna according to claim 19, wherein a ratio of the first radius of curvature to the second radius of curvature is 3: 1. A plurality of antenna elements;
A plate-shaped first conductor made of a conductive material having a first radius of curvature and having input / output terminals at both ends, and having the first radius of curvature and at each of both ends A plate-like fourth conductor made of a conductive material having an input / output terminal, a curved portion having a second radius of curvature smaller than the first radius of curvature, and one end of the curved portion from the first portion A first extending portion extending so as to be electrically coupled to the conductor, and a second extending portion extending so as to be electrically coupled to the fourth conductor from the other end of the curved portion. The position where the first extending portion is electrically coupled to the first conductor, and the position where the second extending portion is coupled to the fourth conductor are the first conductor, and A plate-like second conductor made of a conductive material that is movable relative to the fourth conductor, and one end portion of which is an input / output end And the other end extends so as to be electrically coupled to the curved portion of the second conductor, and the position electrically coupled to the second conductor is relatively to the curved portion. A plate-like third conductor made of a conductive material that is movable, and each input / output terminal of the first conductor and the fourth conductor is one of the plurality of antenna elements. A phase shifter connected to the
A transmission signal for transmitting radio waves by the plurality of antenna elements is transmitted to an input / output terminal of the third conductor of the phase shifter, or reception converted from radio waves received by the plurality of antenna elements. A transmission / reception unit for receiving a signal from the input / output terminal of the third conductor,
In the phase shifter,
The ratio of the first radius of curvature to the second radius of curvature is 2: 1;
The first conductor, the third conductor, and the fourth conductor are fixed, and the second conductor is fixed to the first conductor, the third conductor, and the fourth conductor. And a phase shift amount is set for a transmission / reception signal in each of the plurality of antenna elements. A plurality of antenna elements;
A plate-shaped first conductor made of a conductive material having a first radius of curvature and having input / output terminals at both ends, and having the first radius of curvature and at each of both ends A plate-like fourth conductor made of a conductive material having an input / output terminal, a curved portion having a second radius of curvature smaller than the first radius of curvature, and one end of the curved portion from the first portion A first extending portion extending so as to be electrically coupled to the conductor, and a second extending portion extending so as to be electrically coupled to the fourth conductor from the other end of the curved portion. The position where the first extending portion is electrically coupled to the first conductor, and the position where the second extending portion is coupled to the fourth conductor are the first conductor, and A plate-like second conductor made of a conductive material that is movable relative to the fourth conductor, and one end portion of which is an input / output end And the other end extends so as to be electrically coupled to the curved portion of the second conductor, and the position electrically coupled to the second conductor is relatively to the curved portion. A plate-like third conductor made of a conductive material, which is movable, and at least three input / output terminals. One input / output terminal of the at least three input / output terminals is the third input / output terminal. And a distribution synthesizer that distributes a transmission signal or synthesizes a reception signal, and is connected to the input / output terminal of the first conductor, and each input / output terminal of the first conductor and the fourth conductor A phase shifter connected to any of the plurality of antenna elements;
A transmission signal for transmitting radio waves by the plurality of antenna elements is transmitted to an input / output terminal of the distribution synthesizer of the phase shifter, or a reception signal converted from radio waves received by the plurality of antenna elements Receiving and transmitting from the input / output terminal of the distribution synthesizer,
In the phase shifter,
The ratio of the first radius of curvature to the second radius of curvature is 3: 1;
The first conductor, the third conductor, and the fourth conductor are fixed, and the second conductor is fixed to the first conductor, the third conductor, and the fourth conductor. And a phase shift amount is set for a transmission / reception signal in each of the plurality of antenna elements. A plurality of antenna elements;
A plate-shaped first conductor made of a conductive material having a first radius of curvature and having input / output terminals at both ends, and having the first radius of curvature and at each of both ends A plate-like fourth conductor made of a conductive material having an input / output terminal, a third radius of curvature larger than the first curvature radius, and an input / output terminal at each of both ends. A plate-like fifth conductor made of a material, and a plate-like sixth conductor made of a conductive material having the third radius of curvature and having input / output terminals at both ends, A curved portion having a second radius of curvature smaller than the first radius of curvature, and a first portion extending from one end of the curved portion so as to be electrically coupled to the first conductor and the fifth conductor It is electrically coupled to the fourth and sixth conductors from the extending portion and the other end of the curved portion. A second extending portion extending in a position where the first extending portion is electrically coupled to the first conductor, and the first extending portion is electrically connected to the fifth conductor. A position where the second extending portion is electrically coupled to the fourth conductor, and a position where the second extending portion is coupled to the sixth conductor are the first conductor, A plate-like second conductor made of a conductive material that is movable relative to the fourth conductor, the fifth conductor, and the sixth conductor, and one end portion of which is input / output The other end portion is connected to the terminal and extends so as to be electrically coupled to the curved portion of the second conductor, and the position electrically coupled to the second conductor is relative to the curved portion. A plate-like third conductor made of a conductive material that is movable, and the first conductor, the fourth conductor, 5 conductors, and a phase shifter, each of the input and output terminals of said sixth conductor is connected to one of said plurality of antenna elements,
A transmission signal for transmitting radio waves by the plurality of antenna elements is transmitted to an input / output terminal of the third conductor of the phase shifter, or reception converted from radio waves received by the plurality of antenna elements. A transmission / reception unit for receiving a signal from the input / output terminal of the third conductor,
In the phase shifter,
The first conductor, the third conductor, the fourth conductor, the fifth conductor, and the sixth conductor are fixed, and the second conductor is the first conductor, the third conductor A phase shift amount is set by being movable with respect to the first conductor, the fourth conductor, the fifth conductor, and the sixth conductor.   The radio apparatus according to claim 23, wherein a ratio of the first radius of curvature to the second radius of curvature is 2: 1. A plurality of antenna elements;
A plate-shaped first conductor made of a conductive material having a first radius of curvature and having input / output terminals at both ends, and having the first radius of curvature and at each of both ends A plate-like fourth conductor made of a conductive material having an input / output terminal, a third radius of curvature larger than the first curvature radius, and an input / output terminal at each of both ends. A plate-like fifth conductor made of a material, and a plate-like sixth conductor made of a conductive material having the third radius of curvature and having input / output terminals at both ends, A curved portion having a second radius of curvature smaller than the first radius of curvature, and a first portion extending from one end of the curved portion so as to be electrically coupled to the first conductor and the fifth conductor It is electrically coupled to the fourth and sixth conductors from the extending portion and the other end of the curved portion. A second extending portion extending to the position where the first extending portion is electrically coupled to the first conductor, and the first extending portion is electrically connected to the fifth conductor. The position where the second extending portion is electrically connected to the fourth conductor, and the position where the second extending portion is connected to the sixth conductor are the positions where the second extending portion is connected to the sixth conductor. A plate-like second conductor made of a conductive material that is movable relative to the fourth conductor, the fifth conductor, and the sixth conductor; Connected to the output terminal, the other end extends so as to be electrically coupled to the curved portion of the second conductor, and the position electrically coupled to the second conductor is relative to the curved portion. A plate-like third conductor made of a conductive material and at least three input / output terminals, One of the three input / output terminals is connected to the input / output terminal of the third conductor, and a distribution synthesizer for distributing the transmission signal or synthesizing the reception signal, A phase shifter in which input / output terminals of the first conductor, the fourth conductor, the fifth conductor, and the sixth conductor are connected to any of the plurality of antenna elements;
A transmission signal for transmitting radio waves by the plurality of antenna elements is transmitted to an input / output terminal of the distribution synthesizer of the phase shifter, or a reception signal converted from radio waves received by the plurality of antenna elements Receiving and transmitting from the input / output terminal of the distribution synthesizer,
In the phase shifter,
The first conductor, the third conductor, the fourth conductor, the fifth conductor, and the sixth conductor are fixed, and the second conductor is the first conductor, the third conductor A phase shift amount is set by being movable with respect to the first conductor, the fourth conductor, the fifth conductor, and the sixth conductor.   26. The wireless device of claim 25, wherein a ratio of the first radius of curvature and the second radius of curvature is 3: 1.

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