CN111585023B - Phase shifter and electrically-controlled base station antenna - Google Patents

Phase shifter and electrically-controlled base station antenna Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111585023B
CN111585023B CN202010373239.9A CN202010373239A CN111585023B CN 111585023 B CN111585023 B CN 111585023B CN 202010373239 A CN202010373239 A CN 202010373239A CN 111585023 B CN111585023 B CN 111585023B
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arc
base
line
phase shifter
plate
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CN111585023A (en
Inventor
吴晗
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CICT Mobile Communication Technology Co Ltd
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Wuhan Hongxin Technology Development Co Ltd
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q3/00Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
    • H01Q3/26Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture
    • H01Q3/30Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the relative phase between the radiating elements of an array
    • H01Q3/32Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the relative phase between the radiating elements of an array by mechanical means
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/12Supports; Mounting means
    • H01Q1/22Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
    • H01Q1/24Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set
    • H01Q1/241Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM
    • H01Q1/246Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM specially adapted for base stations

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Waveguide Switches, Polarizers, And Phase Shifters (AREA)

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention relates to the field of mobile communication equipment, and provides a phase shifter and an electrically-adjusted base station antenna. The phase shifter comprises a phase shifting plate and a phase shifting picture, the phase shifting picture and the phase shifting plate are movably connected through a shaft hole or concave-convex matching, the phase shifting plate comprises a base plate and a feeder line which is partially metalized on the base plate, the phase shifting picture comprises a base and a coupling line which is partially metalized on the base, the coupling line is attached to the feeder line, and the base plate and the base are made of the same plastic through injection molding. The phase shifter provided by the invention can realize the movable connection between the phase shifting plate and the phase shifting picture by utilizing the shaft hole or the concave-convex structure of the phase shifting plate and the phase shifting picture, does not need other parts, simplifies the structure and is beneficial to production and manufacturing; except the feeder line and the coupling line which are partially metalized, the phase shifter is formed by injection molding of the same material, and the expansion with heat and the contraction with cold are consistent under different temperature environments, so that the coupling line and the feeder line are ensured to be always in a bonding state under different environmental temperatures, and the stability of the working performance of the phase shifter is improved.

Description

Phase shifter and electrically-controlled base station antenna
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of mobile communication equipment, in particular to a phase shifter and an electrically-adjusted base station antenna.
Background
The phase shifter is used for changing the phase of a signal and is a key component of the electrically-adjusted base station antenna. The performance of the phase shifter directly determines the quality of the electrically-tuned base station antenna, and the quality of the electrically-tuned base station antenna directly determines the network coverage quality as a key device for transmitting and receiving signals of the mobile communication base station.
The control accuracy of the phase shifter is a direct factor in determining the performance of the phase shifter. The existing PCB coupling phase shifter adopts the PCB substrate and the PCB slip sheet to be jointed, then the PCB slip sheet can slide relative to the PCB substrate through clamping and installation of respective corresponding plastic pieces, in the relative sliding process, the jointing gap can influence the performance of the phase shifter, in order to control the jointing gap, various elastic pieces and pressing pieces need to be added, the assembly structure is complex, and the requirements on the precision of parts and the production process are high. In addition, the PCB base plate, the PCB sliding sheet and other parts are different in material, under different temperature conditions, due to different expansion with heat and contraction with cold, the attaching gap between the PCB base plate and the PCB sliding sheet is easy to be uneven and inconsistent in tightness, and then the working performance of the electrically-adjusted base station antenna under a changing environment is influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a phase shifter and an electrically-adjusted base station antenna, which are used for solving the problems that the existing phase shifter is complex in assembly and the working performance is easily influenced by the external temperature.
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides a phase shifter, which comprises a phase shifting plate and a phase shifting picture, wherein the phase shifting picture and the phase shifting plate are movably connected through shaft holes or concave-convex matching, the phase shifting plate comprises a substrate and a feeder line which is partially metalized on the substrate, the phase shifting picture comprises a base and a coupling line which is partially metalized on the base, the coupling line is attached to the feeder line, and the substrate and the base are formed by injection molding of plastics made of the same material.
The base is provided with a mounting hole in running fit with the column body and an arc-shaped groove in sliding fit with the arc-shaped rib plate, the coupling line is laid on the hole wall of the mounting hole and the first arc-shaped side wall of the arc-shaped groove, the feed line comprises a first feed line and a second feed line, the first feed line extends along the front face of the base plate and is laid on the outer surface of the column body, and the second feed line extends along the front face of the base plate and is laid on one arc-shaped side face of the arc-shaped rib plate.
The number of the second feeder lines is multiple, and the arc grooves and the arc rib plates are the same as the number of the second feeder lines and are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence mode.
The top of the column body is provided with a limiting buckle, and the front surface of one end of the base, which is far away from the column body, is provided with a limiting part which is buckled with the substrate in a sliding way.
Wherein, an elastic structure is configured on the base and is used for enabling the coupling wire to be tightly attached to the feed wire.
Wherein an end portion of the power feeding line is configured with a power feeding welding portion for connecting a cable, and the substrate is configured with a wire clamping groove corresponding to the power feeding welding portion.
And the surfaces of the coupling line and the feeder line are coated with insulating layers.
The substrate is also provided with a grounding wire which is partially metalized and extends from the front surface to the back surface of the substrate.
The grounding slots are arranged at the positions of the substrate corresponding to the two ends of the feeder line, grounding holes are formed in the slot bottoms of the grounding slots, and the grounding holes are communicated with grounding wires positioned on the front side and the back side of the substrate.
The embodiment of the invention also provides an electrically-adjusted base station antenna which comprises the phase shifter.
The phase shifter provided by the invention can realize the movable connection between the phase shifting plate and the phase shifting picture by utilizing the shaft hole or the concave-convex structure of the phase shifting plate and the phase shifting picture, and other parts are not needed, so that the structure of the whole phase shifter is simplified, and the production and the manufacture are facilitated; except the feeder line and the coupling line of local metallization, phase shift board and phase shift piece adopt same material injection moulding, and under the temperature environment of difference, the expend with heat and contract with cold of base and base plate are unanimous, guarantee that coupling line and feeder line remain the laminating state all the time under the ambient temperature of difference, have improved the stability of moving looks ware working property.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and those skilled in the art can also obtain other drawings according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a phase shifter according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a phase shift plate according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a photo-shift sheet according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a perspective view of the photograph stand of FIG. 3 viewed from the back;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a ground line according to an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of an electrically tunable base station antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure: 100. a phase shifter; 10. a phase shift plate; 11. a substrate; 12. a feed line; 120. a feed welding part; 121. a first feeder line; 122. a second feeder line; 13. a cylinder; 14. an arc-shaped rib plate; 15. a limiting buckle; 16. a wire clamping groove; 17. a ground line; 18. a ground tank; 19. a ground hole; 20. moving the photo; 21. a base; 22. a coupling line; 23. mounting holes; 24. an arc-shaped groove; 25. a limiting part; 26. a first elastic member; 27. a second elastic member; 200. a cable; 201. feeding a core; 202. an outer conductor; 203. and (4) coating.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "first" and "second" are used for the sake of clarity in describing the numbering of the components of the product and do not represent any substantial difference, unless explicitly stated or limited otherwise. The directions of "up", "down", "left" and "right" are all based on the directions shown in the attached drawings. Specific meanings of the above terms in the embodiments of the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to specific situations.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a phase shifter according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 1, the phase shifter 100 includes a phase shifting plate 10 and a phase shifting plate 20, the phase shifting plate 20 and the phase shifting plate 10 are movably connected through shaft holes or concave-convex matching, and the phase of the signal can be adjusted by adjusting the position of the phase shifting plate 20 relative to the phase shifting plate 10. The phase shift plate 10 includes a substrate 11 and a feeding line 12 partially metallized on the substrate 11, the phase shift film 20 includes a base 21 and a coupling line 22 partially metallized on the base 21, and the feeding line 12 is attached to the coupling line 22. In the embodiment of the present invention, the phase shift plate 10 and the phase shift film 20 are injection molded by using the same material, for example, the same high temperature resistant engineering plastic, except for the partially metalized feeding line 12 and the coupling line 22.
The phase shifter provided by the invention can realize the movable connection between the phase shifting plate 10 and the phase shifting picture 20 by using the shaft hole or the concave-convex structure of the phase shifting plate and the phase shifting picture, and other parts are not needed, so that the structure of the whole phase shifter is simplified, and the production and the manufacture are facilitated. In addition, except for the partially metalized feeding line 12 and the coupling line 22, the phase shift plate 10 and the phase shift film 20 are injection molded by the same material, and under different temperature environments, the expansion and contraction of the base 21 and the base plate 11 are consistent, so that the coupling line 22 and the feeding line 12 are always kept in a bonding state under different environmental temperatures, and the stability of the working performance of the phase shifter is improved.
Fig. 2 is a perspective view of a phase shift plate according to an embodiment of the present invention, which is schematically shown as seen from the front of the phase shift plate. As shown in fig. 2, a column 13 and an arc rib 14 are protruded from the front surface of the substrate 11, and the column 13 is located at the center of the arc rib 14. Fig. 3 and 4 are perspective structural views of the phase shift photo at different viewing angles. As shown in fig. 3 and 4, the base 21 is provided with a mounting hole 23 and an arc-shaped groove 24. The column 13 is snapped into the mounting hole 23 and the base 21 can be rotated about the column 13. The arcuate ribs 14 snap into the arcuate grooves 24, and as the base 21 rotates about the post 13, the arcuate grooves 24 slide along the arcuate ribs 14. According to the phase shifter provided by the embodiment of the invention, other connecting pieces are not needed, the movable connection of the phase shifting plate 10 and the phase shifting picture 20 can be realized by means of the matching of the mounting hole 23 and the column body 13 and the matching of the arc-shaped groove 24 and the arc-shaped rib plate 14, and the phase shifter is convenient to assemble. In accordance with this, as shown in fig. 4, the coupling wire 22 covers the hole wall of the mounting hole 23 and the first arc-shaped side wall of the arc-shaped groove 24, and the power feeding wire 12 includes a first power feeding wire 121 extending along the front surface of the base plate 11 and covering the outer surface of the column 13 and a second power feeding wire 122 extending along the front surface of the base plate 11 and covering one arc-shaped side surface of the arc-shaped rib 14. When the mounting hole 23 is sleeved on the column 13, the first feeder line 121 is attached to the coupling line 22 on the hole wall of the mounting hole 23; the second feed line 122 abuts the coupling line 22 of the first arcuate side wall of the arcuate groove 24 when the arcuate groove 24 is snapped together with the arcuate rib 14. It should be noted that the front surface of the substrate 11 is a surface opposite to the base 21, that is, a side provided with the feeder 12 or a side provided with the arc rib 14 in a protruding manner, and a side opposite to the front surface is a back surface of the substrate 11; the front surface of the base 21 is the surface facing the substrate 11, i.e. the side provided with the arc-shaped groove 24 or the coupling line 22, and the opposite surface is the back surface of the base 21. Wherein, the surfaces of the coupling line 22 and the feeder line 12 are coated with insulating layers; the coupling line 22 and the power supply line 12 may cover or partially cover the laying area as long as they can keep fit in motion to realize signal conditioning, and the embodiment of the present invention is not particularly limited.
The number of the second feeder lines 122 may be one, two or more, and the specific number is set according to actual needs. Correspondingly, the number of the arc-shaped ribs 14 and the number of the arc-shaped grooves 24 are the same as that of the second feeding lines 122, and the three are arranged in one-to-one correspondence. In addition, in order to prevent the base 21 from slipping off the arc rib 14, both ends of the arc rib 14 are bent.
As shown in fig. 2, the column 13 is a cylinder, and the mounting hole 23 is a circular hole. A limiting buckle 15 is formed at the top of the column 13, and the limiting buckle 15, the column 13 and the substrate 11 are integrally formed through an injection molding process. In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the structure refers to a structure body formed after being integrally formed, and is not another independent structural member which is connected by welding or bolting. The limiting buckle 15 is U-shaped and comprises two opposite buckle blocks arranged at intervals, the outer side surfaces of the two buckle blocks are smooth-transition cambered surfaces, and the installation hole 23 on the base 21 is smoothly sleeved on the column body 13 under the guidance of the cambered surfaces. When the coupling wire 22 on the hole wall of the mounting hole 23 is engaged with the first power feeding wire 121 on the outer surface of the column 13, the bottom of the limit buckle 15 is pressed against the back of the base 21, so as to restrict the movement of the base 21 along the axial direction of the column 13. In order to restrict the radial movement of the base 21 along the column 13, a stopper 25 is formed on the front surface of the end of the base 21 remote from the column 13. The limiting portion 25 and the base 21 are integrally formed by injection molding. Specifically, the limiting portion 25 is protruded from the front surface of the base 21, and is substantially L-shaped; a groove body for movably clamping the edge of the substrate 11 is formed between the inner side surface of the limiting part 25 and the front surface of the base 21, an inclined surface is arranged at the free end of the limiting part 25 to serve as a guide part, and the substrate 11 is guided to smoothly slide into the groove body formed by the inner side surface of the limiting block and the front surface of the base 21. In the phase shifter according to the embodiment of the present invention, when the phase shift film 20 slides along the phase shift plate 10, the substrate 11 slides in the groove, and the substrate 11 is constrained by the column 13 and the limiting portion 25 to move along the radial direction of the column 13.
In the embodiment of the present invention, in order to keep the coupling wire 22 and the power feeding wire 12 always in contact with each other under external vibration, an elastic structure is configured on the base 21. Specifically, the elastic structure includes a first elastic member 26 and a second elastic member 27; the first elastic piece 26 is positioned at the mounting hole 23 and used for keeping the first power feed line 121 attached to the coupling line 22 at the hole wall of the mounting hole 23; the second elastic member 27 is located at the arc groove 24 for keeping the second feeding line 122 attached to the coupling line 22 at the first arc sidewall of the arc groove 24. Wherein, the second elastic member 27 may be a plurality of ones, and is disposed in one-to-one correspondence with the arc-shaped groove 24. The first elastic member 26 and the second elastic member 27 are integrally injection-molded with the base 21. As shown in fig. 3, the base 21 is provided with a through hole, a sleeve is inserted into the through hole, the hollow structure of the sleeve is the mounting hole 23, and the first elastic element 26 is mounted between the wall of the through hole and the outer wall of the mounting hole 23. The first elastic member 26 may be provided in plurality, and the plurality of first elastic members 26 are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the hole wall of the through hole. As shown in fig. 3, the second elastic member 27 has an i-shape having a first lateral side connected to the arc-shaped side of an annular hole formed in the base 21 and a second lateral side serving as a first arc-shaped sidewall of the arc-shaped groove 24; the arc-shaped side of the annular hole not connected with the second elastic member 27 serves as a second arc-shaped side wall of the arc-shaped groove 24; a connecting plate is formed between the two arc-shaped side walls as a groove bottom of the arc-shaped groove 24. In order to enhance the stability of the movement, the two plane side walls of the annular hole are provided with grooves matched with the arc-shaped rib plates 14, and the groove walls of the grooves are not provided with coupling lines. When there are a plurality of the arc-shaped grooves 24, the coupling lines 22 also cover the connecting plate so as to communicate the coupling lines on the first arc-shaped side walls of the adjacent two arc-shaped grooves 24.
In an embodiment of the present invention, an end portion of the power feeding line 12 is configured with a power feeding soldering portion 120 for connecting a cable, and the substrate 11 is configured with a card wire slot 16 corresponding to the power feeding soldering portion 120. When the phase shifter 100 is connected to a cable, the cable is clamped in the wire clamping groove 16, and the feed core of the cable is welded at the feed welding part 120.
In addition, in the phase shifter according to the embodiment of the present invention, the substrate 11 is further partially metalized with a ground line 17, and the ground line 17 extends from the front surface to the back surface of the substrate 11. Specifically, as shown in fig. 2 and 5, the substrate 11 is provided with grounding grooves 18 at positions corresponding to both ends of the power feeding line 12, the bottom of the grounding groove 18 is provided with a grounding hole 19, and the grounding hole 19 communicates with grounding lines on the back and front surfaces of the substrate 11.
In addition, as shown in fig. 6, an embodiment of the present invention further provides an electrically tunable base station antenna, which includes an antenna radiation unit (not shown in the figure), a cable 200, and the phase shifter 100, where the antenna radiation unit is connected to the phase shifter 100 through the cable 200. Specifically, the feed core 201 leaking from the end of the cable 200 is welded to the feed welding part 120, the outer conductor 202 of the cable 200 is clamped in the grounding groove 18 and is welded and fixed, and the part of the cable 200 with the sheath 203 is clamped in the clamping groove 16 to fix and protect the cable 200. When the phase shift film 20 rotates with respect to the phase shift plate 10, the phase of the electrical signal passing through the second power feeding line 122 is regularly changed, thereby regularly changing the phase of the antenna radiation unit connected to the second power feeding line 122 through the feed welding part 120, and achieving the control adjustment of the antenna downtilt angle. Specifically, the phase shifter 100 shown in fig. 6 is a five-out phase shifter, and the feed welding portion 120 of one end of the first feed line 121 is used as an input port, and the feed welding portion 120 of the other end of the first feed line 121 and the feed welding portion 120 of both ends of the second feed line 122 are output ports. The input port and the output port are connected to the antenna radiation unit through a coaxial cable 200.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. A phase shifter comprises a phase shift plate and a phase shift picture, and is characterized in that the phase shift picture and the phase shift plate are movably connected through shaft holes and concave-convex matching, the phase shift plate comprises a base plate and a feed line which is partially metalized on the base plate, the phase shift picture comprises a base and a coupling line which is partially metalized on the base, the coupling line is attached to the feed line, and the base plate and the base are formed by injection molding of plastic made of the same material; the front surface of the base plate is convexly provided with a column body and an arc-shaped rib plate, the column body is positioned at the circle center of the arc-shaped rib plate, the base is provided with a mounting hole in rotating fit with the column body and an arc-shaped groove in sliding fit with the arc-shaped rib plate, the coupling wire is laid on the hole wall of the mounting hole and the first arc-shaped side wall of the arc-shaped groove, the feeder line comprises a first feeder line and a second feeder line, the first feeder line extends along the front surface of the base plate and is laid on the outer surface of the column body, and the second feeder line extends along the front surface of the base plate and is laid on one arc-shaped side surface of the arc-shaped rib plate; an elastic structure is configured on the base and used for enabling the coupling line to be tightly attached to the feed line; the elastic structure comprises a first elastic piece and a second elastic piece; the first elastic piece is positioned at the mounting hole and used for keeping the first feeder line attached to the coupling line at the hole wall of the mounting hole; the second elastic piece is located at the arc-shaped groove and used for enabling the second feeder line to be attached to the coupling line at the first arc-shaped side wall of the arc-shaped groove.
2. The phase shifter according to claim 1, wherein the second feed line has a plurality of the arc-shaped grooves and the arc-shaped ribs are provided in the same number as the number of the second feed lines and in one-to-one correspondence.
3. The phase shifter as claimed in claim 1, wherein a stopper is formed at a top of the post, and a stopper is formed at a front surface of an end of the base away from the post to be slidably engaged with the substrate.
4. The phase shifter according to claim 1, wherein an end portion of the feeding line is configured with a feeding welding portion for connecting a cable, and the substrate is configured with a wire clamping groove corresponding to the feeding welding portion.
5. The phase shifter according to claim 1, wherein surfaces of the coupling line and the feed line are coated with an insulating layer.
6. The phase shifter of claim 1, wherein the substrate is further partially metallized with a ground line extending from the front surface to the back surface of the substrate.
7. The phase shifter as claimed in claim 6, wherein ground slots are formed in the substrate at positions corresponding to both ends of the feeder line, and ground holes are formed in the bottom of the ground slots and communicate with ground lines on the front and rear surfaces of the substrate.
8. An electrically tunable base station antenna, comprising a phase shifter according to any one of claims 1 to 7.
CN202010373239.9A 2020-05-06 2020-05-06 Phase shifter and electrically-controlled base station antenna Active CN111585023B (en)

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CN112151965B (en) * 2020-09-23 2024-04-30 苏州立讯技术有限公司 Phase shifter and communication base station
CN112968266B (en) * 2021-02-19 2022-11-08 中天通信技术有限公司 PCB phase shifter bracket, PCB phase shifter mounting method and antenna

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KR102016090B1 (en) * 2018-08-28 2019-08-30 주식회사 에이치에스에이디씨 Arc type phase shifter comprising
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