WO2017107662A1 - Dispositif et procédé métallurgiques continus - Google Patents

Dispositif et procédé métallurgiques continus Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017107662A1
WO2017107662A1 PCT/CN2016/103860 CN2016103860W WO2017107662A1 WO 2017107662 A1 WO2017107662 A1 WO 2017107662A1 CN 2016103860 W CN2016103860 W CN 2016103860W WO 2017107662 A1 WO2017107662 A1 WO 2017107662A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
smelting
smelting chamber
chamber
gate
metallurgical
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PCT/CN2016/103860
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English (en)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
邱江波
夏明�
黄小兵
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天津闪速炼铁技术有限公司
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Publication of WO2017107662A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017107662A1/fr

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
    • C21B11/00—Making pig-iron other than in blast furnaces
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B5/00—General methods of reducing to metals
    • C22B5/02—Dry methods smelting of sulfides or formation of mattes

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the field of metallurgy, and particularly relates to a metallurgical device and a metallurgical method with a continuous structure, which can meet the requirements of pyrometallurgical smelting and refining of most metal minerals or secondary materials, and metal which needs to undergo multi-stage (secondary) smelting. Particularly effective.
  • the traditional metal smelting process often requires more than two smelting processes.
  • the steelmaking process generally requires blast furnace smelting, pretreatment, blowing, and refining processes, and each process is relatively dispersed.
  • a transporter such as a tanker or a crane.
  • This traditional dispersive metallurgical process and transport process has the following disadvantages: (1) multiple transfer processes cause the heat of the transferred melt to be dissipated in vain, and the energy consumption is very large; (2) the transport process requires special transportation tools and Manpower and material resources, low production efficiency and high cost; (3) The transportation process will cause gas and dust pollution, which is not conducive to environmental protection and human health. (4) The transshipment process cannot completely prevent the occurrence of a safety accident.
  • the invention provides a continuous metallurgical device and a metallurgical method for solving the problems in the prior art, which can break the relatively dispersed production process of the traditional metal smelting, realize the continuous production of metal smelting, has small land occupation, small investment, and can Low cost and low pollution.
  • the invention provides a continuous metallurgical device comprising a plurality of smelting chambers connected in series, and adjacent gate chambers are vertically arranged by a gate interval, the gates being movable in a vertical direction so as to be located on both sides thereof
  • the adjacent smelting chambers are completely separated or partially separated; for each of the smelting chambers, the lower part is a molten pool, the molten pool is provided with at least one slag discharging port communicating with the outside, and the upper part is provided with at least one block material feeding port And a flue; the first smelting chamber is also connected with a material main inlet having a falling space, and the last smelting chamber is also connected with a product outlet.
  • the number of the smelting chambers is preferably 3-5.
  • any adjacent smelting chambers are connected in parallel or stepwise, preferably in a stepped connection.
  • the smelting chamber located in front of the adjacent smelting chamber The height position of the melt layer in the molten pool partially coincides with the height position of the slag layer in the molten pool located in the subsequent smelting chamber.
  • each of the smelting chambers is independently provided with one or more of a auxiliary feeding port, a heating device, a bottom blowing nozzle, a side blowing nozzle, and a nozzle.
  • the auxiliary feeding port may be located at the middle top end of the smelting chamber where the smelting chamber is located;
  • the heating device may be an electromagnetic induction heating coil surrounding the side wall or the bottom of the smelting chamber where the smelting chamber is located or at the middle of the smelting chamber where the smelting chamber is located a heating electrode;
  • the bottom blowing nozzle is a nozzle disposed at the bottom of the smelting chamber where the smelting nozzle is located, and the side blowing nozzle is a plurality of nozzles distributed in parallel along the molten pool of the smelting chamber where the smelting chamber is located, the bottom blowing
  • the nozzle, the side blowing nozzle, and the nozzle are all capable of inputting materials or gases into the smelting chamber.
  • the gate can make the smelting chamber in a completely independent smelting process state when completely shut down according to the needs of smelting; or be in a semi-open state during the smelting process, and function as a partition wall in a part of the continuous smelting process; After the smelting of a certain process or smelting room is completed, the smelting raw materials directly enter the next smelting room or smelting process.
  • the main inlet of the first smelting chamber material is mainly used for the addition of powder or liquid or gaseous materials such as powder and fuel, and the input material is generally the basic raw material for the reaction, and the main inlet of the material is generally located in the first smelting chamber.
  • the block material feeding port is mainly used for adding bulk materials, generally materials that are difficult to be crushed, or materials that need to be added in each process, and thus are set in each smelting room, generally located in each smelting room.
  • the upper front side is close to the front gate.
  • the flue is used for the discharge of exhaust gas in each smelting process, and is generally located at the upper rear end of each smelting chamber, near the position of the rear gate.
  • the invention creates a continuous metallurgical device.
  • a brief smelting process is: smelting of ore powder (if powdering) and fuel (powder, liquid, gas), gas (such as air, oxygen, pure oxygen or other gases), The flux, etc., is sprayed into the first smelting chamber from the main inlet of the material, and the high-temperature metallurgical environment passing through the falling space is characterized by small particle size, large specific surface area, large contact area with gas in the space at high temperature, and fast reaction speed.
  • the material is first metallurgically; other materials that cannot be made into powder are added to the furnace from the bulk material feeding port of the first smelting chamber (the first feeding may be powder or block).
  • the material falls into the molten pool of the first smelting chamber, it continues to add the ingredients required for smelting at this stage through the bottom blowing nozzle, the side blowing nozzle, the nozzle, or the bulk material feeding port, for example: pulverized coal, oxygen, hot air , powder ore, flux, scrap metal, additives, blocks, etc.;
  • the flue gas is discharged from the flue of the first smelting chamber, and the slag is discharged from the slag discharge port.
  • an electrode can be added to the top of the bath, or a ring furnace body or electromagnetic induction heating at the bottom of the furnace can be selected.
  • the gate between the first smelting chamber and the second smelting chamber is closed or semi-opened (such as the slag layer or the melt layer of the first smelting chamber at the bottom end of the gate).
  • the slag is discharged from the slag discharge port, half the gate between the first smelting chamber and the second smelting chamber is opened, the gate between the second smelting chamber and the third smelting chamber is closed, and the purity is improved by the first smelting.
  • the latter melt flows into the second smelting chamber molten pool through the bottom of the gate, and the bottom blowing nozzle, the side blowing nozzle, the nozzle, or the block material feeding port of the second smelting chamber are added to the ingredients required for the smelting at this stage.
  • the flue gas is discharged from the flue of the second smelting chamber, and the slag is discharged from the slag discharge port.
  • the smelting is continued in the subsequent smelting chamber for smelting, and will not be described in detail here.
  • different raw materials or auxiliary materials are added through the bottom blowing nozzle, the side blowing nozzle, the nozzle, or the block material feeding port, which can provide different metallurgical environments, and the metal is purified step by step in a continuously closed container. Until the expected metal product is obtained.
  • a specific continuous metallurgical process created by the present invention includes the following steps:
  • S1 smelting of the first smelting chamber: closing the first smelting chamber gate, forming the first smelting chamber to form an independent metallurgical unit, and adding raw materials from the main inlet of the material having the falling space in the first smelting chamber, the raw materials are
  • the first smelting room first undergoes space smelting, and then falls into the molten pool for smelting. In the smelting process, according to actual needs, it can pass through the block material feeding port, auxiliary feeding port, heating device, bottom blowing nozzle, and side blowing.
  • nozzles and nozzles add the auxiliary materials, heat and atmosphere necessary for smelting in a time-division manner to form a good metallurgical environment. After the material is slag in the molten pool and clarified and layered, a slag layer and a metal-rich layer are formed. Melt layer. The smelting flue gas is discharged from the flue of the first smelting chamber, and the slag is discharged from the slag discharging port of the first smelting chamber.
  • the beneficial effects created by the invention are as follows: (1) The structure and feeding mode created by the invention can meet the requirements of pyrometallurgical smelting and refining of most metal minerals or secondary materials, and for metals that need to undergo multi-stage (secondary) smelting, It is particularly effective; (2) The discrete processes in the traditional metallurgical process are connected into a whole, and the self-flow can be carried out by the gravity of the melt in the continuous connection state, avoiding energy dissipation, inefficiency and environmental pollution caused by the transfer process. (3) can fully utilize the heat of the first metallurgy, the whole process of metallurgy is sealed, the unorganized emission of gas and dust is close to zero, and the expected finished metal products can be directly obtained.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic view showing the construction of an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Iron fine powder, oxygen, pulverized coal, and flux are sprayed from the main inlet FQR into the smelting chamber T 1 , and coke is added from the bulk material feeding port K 1 , and the iron fine powder floats in a hot state with a large specific surface area.
  • the reduced ferrous oxide is completely reduced.
  • the gate G 1 is kept closed. After the slag iron is separated, the slag is discharged from the slag discharge port R 1 and the flue gas enters the flue Y 1 .
  • the gate G 3 is closed, the gate G 2 is half-opened, the molten iron flows into the molten pool Z 3 from the lower portion of the gate G 2 , and oxygen or iron concentrate is sprayed from the side blowing nozzle into the molten pool, and at the same time
  • the material feeding port K 3 is successively added with slag-forming materials such as lime and dolomite.
  • the iron concentrate, iron oxide scale and the like may be added from the bulk material feeding port K 3 while being blown. Or coolant.
  • the main purpose of this blowing process is to decarbonize while continuing to remove sulfur and phosphorus from the molten iron.
  • the flue gas enters the flue Y 3 and the slag is discharged from the slag discharge port R 3 .
  • G 3 After completion of the blowing and slag discharge is half open shutter G 3, G 3 a lower portion of the molten steel flows through the bath shutter Z 4, D 4 from the bottom-blowing lance for blowing the bath with stirring to argon, it is provided with a set of at F 4
  • the graphite electrode heats the molten pool, and in the process, a slag forming agent such as lime and fluorite is added through the bulk material feeding port K 4 .
  • a slag forming agent such as lime and fluorite is added through the bulk material feeding port K 4 .
  • the flue gas enters the flue Y 4 , and the molten slag is discharged from the slag discharge port R 4 , and the molten steel flows from the product outlet OUT into the tundish of the continuous casting workshop.
  • the above-mentioned continuous steelmaking process is more energy-saving and environmentally friendly and saves investment than the traditional dispersed "blast furnace-furnace pretreatment-converter blowing-LF refining" steel smelting process.
  • the copper concentrate ore, quartz flux and oxygen-enriched air are sprayed from the material main inlet FQR into the furnace chamber of the first smelting chamber of the continuous furnace, and the sulphide concentrate particles are in the oxidative turbulent airflow.
  • the oxidation reaction occurs rapidly, and a large amount of heat is released.
  • the particles suspended in the furnace cavity are melted, and then fall into the molten pool Z 1 to continue the copper-making sulfur (copper copper) and slagging reaction.
  • the middle gate G 1 remains closed.
  • the slag is discharged from the slag discharge port R 1 , and the SO 2 -rich flue gas enters the flue Y 1 .
  • the gate G 2 is closed, the gate G 1 is half-opened, copper and sulfur enter the molten pool Z 2 from the bottom of the gate G 1 , and air having a certain pressure is sent from the side blowing nozzle C 2 into the melting.
  • FeS is oxidized to FeO
  • Cu 2 S is oxidized and then reacted with Cu 2 S to become blister copper.
  • the blowing temperature can be maintained by the sulfide oxidation reaction, and the block is in the process.
  • a slagging agent such as quartz added to the material feed port K 2 .
  • the blown slag is discharged from the slag discharge port R 2 and the flue gas is blown into the flue Y2.
  • the bulk material feeding port K 3 adds flux such as quartz sand, lime or soda to the furnace, and utilizes the characteristics that most impurities have higher affinity with oxygen than copper, and the impurity oxide has a small solubility in copper, so that sulfur, iron, lead, Impurities such as zinc, nickel, arsenic, antimony, tin and antimony are oxidized to form slag, and the slag is discharged from the slag discharge port R 3 , and the flue gas enters the flue Y 3 .
  • the gate G 3 is half-opened, and the blister copper flows from the bottom of the gate G 3 into the molten pool Z 4 for reduction refining, and the heavy oil is atomized by steam or air from the side blowing nozzle C 4 into the copper liquid.
  • the charcoal powder or coke is added from the bulk material feeding port K 4 to cover the copper liquid surface, and the reducing agent such as heavy oil is thermally cracked into components such as H 2 , CO, C, etc., so that Cu 2 O is reduced to Cu.
  • the flue gas enters the flue Y 4 , and the refined copper melt is discharged from the molten pool Z 4 and can be electroplated or cast ingot.
  • the above continuous copper smelting process is more energy-saving and environmentally friendly and saves investment than the traditional dispersed "flash furnace-PS converter blowing-oxidizing refining-reduction refining" copper smelting process.

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un dispositif et un procédé métallurgiques continus. Le dispositif métallurgique continu comprend une pluralité de chambres métallurgiques séquentiellement raccordées (Tx). Chaque paire de chambres métallurgiques adjacentes (Tx) sont séparées par une porte disposée verticalement (Gx), et la porte (Gx) peut se déplacer dans une direction verticale, de sorte que les chambres métallurgiques adjacentes (Tx) sur deux côtés de la porte (Gx) soient totalement ou partiellement séparées. Pour chaque chambre métallurgique (Tx), la partie inférieure de la chambre métallurgique (Tx) est un bassin de fusion (Zx), au moins une ouverture de décharge de scories (Rx) communiquant avec l'extérieur est formée dans le bassin de fusion (Zx), et la partie supérieure de la chambre métallurgique (Tx) est pourvue d'au moins une ouverture d'alimentation de matériau de bloc (Kx) et d'une cheminée (Yx); et une entrée principale de matériau (FQR) pourvue d'un espace de chute est en outre raccordée à la première chambre métallurgique (Tx), et une sortie de produit (SORTIE) est également raccordée à une dernière chambre métallurgique (Tx).
PCT/CN2016/103860 2015-12-25 2016-10-29 Dispositif et procédé métallurgiques continus WO2017107662A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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CN201511000575.4 2015-12-25
CN201511000575.4A CN105420498B (zh) 2015-12-25 2015-12-25 一种连续冶金装置和冶金方法

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Families Citing this family (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105420498B (zh) * 2015-12-25 2017-11-03 天津闪速炼铁技术有限公司 一种连续冶金装置和冶金方法
CN105890362B (zh) * 2016-04-28 2018-11-09 天津闪速炼铁技术有限公司 一种氧化和还原气氛共存的冶金反应装置
CN106222442B (zh) * 2016-08-24 2018-09-28 河南豫光金铅股份有限公司 一种硫酸铅物料底吹双室交互炼铅炉装置及炼铅方法
CN106957983A (zh) * 2017-04-17 2017-07-18 江苏省冶金设计院有限公司 冶炼含铁物料的装置和方法
CN108253787A (zh) * 2018-01-31 2018-07-06 中国恩菲工程技术有限公司 电磁浸没燃烧冶炼装置
CN108220518B (zh) * 2018-02-05 2019-12-24 高师敏 一种高铬型钒钛磁铁矿冶炼方法和装置
CN110055418B (zh) * 2019-03-20 2021-02-19 昆明理工大学 实现铅阳极泥连续多段综合回收的熔炼系统及熔炼方法
CN111635977B (zh) * 2020-05-14 2021-03-23 北京科技大学 一种全连续超短电弧炉炼钢流程生产设备及工艺

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US3525604A (en) * 1966-10-21 1970-08-25 Edward M Van Dornick Process for refining pelletized metalliferous materials
US5378260A (en) * 1991-07-26 1995-01-03 The United States Of America As Represented By The Department Of Energy Two-zone countercurrent smelter system and process
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CN205473925U (zh) * 2015-12-25 2016-08-17 天津闪速炼铁技术有限公司 一种连续冶金装置

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3459417A (en) * 1965-11-10 1969-08-05 B P Prezemyslu Hutniczego Bipr Furnace for the production of steel
US3525604A (en) * 1966-10-21 1970-08-25 Edward M Van Dornick Process for refining pelletized metalliferous materials
US5378260A (en) * 1991-07-26 1995-01-03 The United States Of America As Represented By The Department Of Energy Two-zone countercurrent smelter system and process
CN105420498A (zh) * 2015-12-25 2016-03-23 天津闪速炼铁技术有限公司 一种连续冶金装置和冶金方法
CN205473925U (zh) * 2015-12-25 2016-08-17 天津闪速炼铁技术有限公司 一种连续冶金装置

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