WO2017107660A1 - 粘弹性介质的粘弹性参数检测方法和设备 - Google Patents

粘弹性介质的粘弹性参数检测方法和设备 Download PDF

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WO2017107660A1
WO2017107660A1 PCT/CN2016/103645 CN2016103645W WO2017107660A1 WO 2017107660 A1 WO2017107660 A1 WO 2017107660A1 CN 2016103645 W CN2016103645 W CN 2016103645W WO 2017107660 A1 WO2017107660 A1 WO 2017107660A1
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Prior art keywords
viscoelastic
maximum displacement
viscoelastic medium
parameter
displacement data
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PCT/CN2016/103645
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English (en)
French (fr)
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翟飞
邵金华
孙锦
段后利
王强
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无锡海斯凯尔医学技术有限公司
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Priority to CA3009241A priority Critical patent/CA3009241C/en
Priority to ES16877471T priority patent/ES2840699T3/es
Priority to JP2018532567A priority patent/JP6737889B2/ja
Priority to KR1020187021155A priority patent/KR101914021B1/ko
Priority to DK16877471.9T priority patent/DK3395256T3/da
Priority to AU2016378228A priority patent/AU2016378228B2/en
Priority to PL16877471T priority patent/PL3395256T3/pl
Priority to RU2018126777A priority patent/RU2688299C1/ru
Application filed by 无锡海斯凯尔医学技术有限公司 filed Critical 无锡海斯凯尔医学技术有限公司
Priority to EP16877471.9A priority patent/EP3395256B1/en
Priority to BR112018012589-0A priority patent/BR112018012589B1/pt
Priority to MX2018007600A priority patent/MX2018007600A/es
Publication of WO2017107660A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017107660A1/zh
Priority to US16/012,702 priority patent/US10420528B2/en
Priority to ZA2018/04119A priority patent/ZA201804119B/en

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B8/00—Diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves
    • A61B8/08—Detecting organic movements or changes, e.g. tumours, cysts, swellings
    • A61B8/0833—Detecting organic movements or changes, e.g. tumours, cysts, swellings involving detecting or locating foreign bodies or organic structures
    • A61B8/085—Detecting organic movements or changes, e.g. tumours, cysts, swellings involving detecting or locating foreign bodies or organic structures for locating body or organic structures, e.g. tumours, calculi, blood vessels, nodules
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/0048—Detecting, measuring or recording by applying mechanical forces or stimuli
    • A61B5/0051—Detecting, measuring or recording by applying mechanical forces or stimuli by applying vibrations
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/42—Detecting, measuring or recording for evaluating the gastrointestinal, the endocrine or the exocrine systems
    • A61B5/4222—Evaluating particular parts, e.g. particular organs
    • A61B5/4244—Evaluating particular parts, e.g. particular organs liver
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/72—Signal processing specially adapted for physiological signals or for diagnostic purposes
    • A61B5/7225—Details of analog processing, e.g. isolation amplifier, gain or sensitivity adjustment, filtering, baseline or drift compensation
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B8/00—Diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B8/00—Diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves
    • A61B8/08—Detecting organic movements or changes, e.g. tumours, cysts, swellings
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B8/00—Diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves
    • A61B8/48—Diagnostic techniques
    • A61B8/485—Diagnostic techniques involving measuring strain or elastic properties
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B8/00—Diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves
    • A61B8/52—Devices using data or image processing specially adapted for diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B8/00—Diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves
    • A61B8/52—Devices using data or image processing specially adapted for diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves
    • A61B8/5207—Devices using data or image processing specially adapted for diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves involving processing of raw data to produce diagnostic data, e.g. for generating an image
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S15/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of acoustic waves, e.g. sonar systems
    • G01S15/88—Sonar systems specially adapted for specific applications
    • G01S15/89—Sonar systems specially adapted for specific applications for mapping or imaging
    • G01S15/8906—Short-range imaging systems; Acoustic microscope systems using pulse-echo techniques
    • G01S15/8909—Short-range imaging systems; Acoustic microscope systems using pulse-echo techniques using a static transducer configuration
    • G01S15/8911—Short-range imaging systems; Acoustic microscope systems using pulse-echo techniques using a static transducer configuration using a single transducer for transmission and reception
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S15/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of acoustic waves, e.g. sonar systems
    • G01S15/88—Sonar systems specially adapted for specific applications
    • G01S15/89—Sonar systems specially adapted for specific applications for mapping or imaging
    • G01S15/8906—Short-range imaging systems; Acoustic microscope systems using pulse-echo techniques
    • G01S15/899—Combination of imaging systems with ancillary equipment
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
    • G01S7/52—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S15/00
    • G01S7/52017—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S15/00 particularly adapted to short-range imaging
    • G01S7/52023—Details of receivers
    • G01S7/52036—Details of receivers using analysis of echo signal for target characterisation
    • G01S7/52042—Details of receivers using analysis of echo signal for target characterisation determining elastic properties of the propagation medium or of the reflective target
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
    • G01S7/52—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S15/00
    • G01S7/52017—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S15/00 particularly adapted to short-range imaging
    • G01S7/52079—Constructional features

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the technical field of medical technology, and in particular relates to a method and a device for detecting viscoelastic parameters of a viscoelastic medium.
  • Hepatic fibrosis is usually caused by the deposition of excessive extracellular matrix proteins and is frequently found in most types of patients with chronic liver disease. Since early liver fibrosis or cirrhosis is reversible or controllable, accurate and effective early diagnosis of liver fibrosis is critical.
  • Shear wave elastography can quantitatively assess the extent of liver fibrosis and cirrhosis by measuring liver stiffness values.
  • the most widely used clinical non-invasive liver fibrosis grading detection is instantaneous elastography.
  • liver viscoelastic parameters can provide very valuable information for the early diagnosis of liver fibrosis.
  • the measurement of the tissue is mainly to measure the elastic parameters of the tissue, while ignoring the viscosity parameter neglects the viscoelastic parameters of the tissue, which adversely affects the early detection results of tissues such as liver fibrosis.
  • the present invention provides a viscoelastic parameter detecting method and apparatus for a viscoelastic medium for obtaining viscoelastic parameters of a tissue to improve the accuracy of the measurement result of the degree of fibrosis.
  • the invention provides a viscoelastic parameter detecting method for a viscoelastic medium, comprising:
  • the invention provides a viscoelastic parameter detecting device for a viscoelastic medium, comprising:
  • Controlling a host and a probe the probe including a vibrator and an ultrasonic transducer;
  • the vibrator applies a mechanical vibration of a single predetermined frequency to the viscoelastic medium under the control of the control host, and generates a shear wave in the viscoelastic medium;
  • the ultrasonic transducer emits a single-vibration source ultrasonic wave to the viscoelastic medium and receives an ultrasonic echo signal under the control of the control host during the propagation of the shear wave in the viscoelastic medium;
  • the control host includes:
  • a first acquiring module configured to acquire, according to the ultrasonic echo signal, maximum displacement data of the shear wave at each depth, each of the maximum displacement data characterizing that the shear wave propagates to the viscoelastic medium The maximum oscillation amplitude of the shear wave at different depths;
  • a first determining module configured to determine a viscoelastic parameter of the viscoelastic medium according to the maximum displacement attenuation curve.
  • the viscoelastic parameter detecting device of the viscoelastic medium applies a mechanical vibration of a predetermined frequency to the tissue to generate a shear wave of a frequency only in the viscoelastic medium. After acquiring the displacement data of the shear wave, calculating, according to the displacement data, maximum displacement data representing a maximum oscillation amplitude when the shear wave propagates to different depths, and obtaining the shear wave by fitting each maximum displacement data.
  • the maximum displacement attenuation curve is used to determine the viscoelastic parameter of the viscoelastic medium based on the maximum displacement attenuation curve, which is related to both elasticity and viscosity.
  • FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a first embodiment of a viscoelastic parameter detecting method for a viscoelastic medium according to the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of displacement data when a shear wave propagates to a certain depth
  • FIG. 3 is a flow chart of a second embodiment of a viscoelastic parameter detecting method for a viscoelastic medium according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing a first embodiment of a viscoelastic parameter detecting device for a viscoelastic medium according to the present invention
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of Embodiment 2 of a viscoelastic parameter detecting device for a viscoelastic medium according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a first embodiment of a viscoelastic parameter detecting method for a viscoelastic medium according to the present invention.
  • the method provided in this embodiment is mainly used for detecting viscoelastic parameters of liver tissue, and can be performed by a detecting device.
  • the device may be an existing non-invasive liver fibrosis detector, but the processing functions required to perform the methods described in this embodiment are added to the non-invasive liver fibrosis detector.
  • the detection device mainly includes a control host and a probe, and the probe includes a vibrator for generating mechanical vibration and an ultrasonic transducer for transmitting and receiving ultrasonic waves.
  • the viscoelastic parameter detecting method of the viscoelastic medium may include the following steps:
  • Step 101 Applying a mechanical vibration of a single predetermined frequency to the viscoelastic medium to generate a shear wave in the viscoelastic medium.
  • the liver tissue is the viscoelastic medium described above.
  • Applying a mechanical vibration of a single predetermined frequency to the viscoelastic medium means applying the mechanical vibration to the surface of the skin corresponding to the liver tissue.
  • the vibrator exerts a sinusoidal mechanical vibration perpendicular to the surface of the skin on the surface of the skin, thereby producing a corresponding shear wave in the liver tissue, which is propagated in the liver tissue.
  • the frequency of the mechanical vibration may be, for example, a low frequency such as 50 Hz.
  • Step 102 During the propagation of the shear wave in the viscoelastic medium, the single-vibration source ultrasonic wave is transmitted to the viscoelastic medium, and the ultrasonic echo signal is received.
  • the ultrasonic transducer emits an ultrasonic signal of a low-frequency single-vibration source to the liver tissue at a position where the vibration is applied by the vibrator, and receives the ultrasonic echo signal.
  • multiple frames of ultrasound signals can be transmitted to the liver tissue at a certain time interval to track the propagation of shear waves in the liver tissue.
  • the shear wave is being viscoelastic
  • a series of ultrasonic signals are transmitted through the transmitter of the single-vibration source ultrasonic module integrated on the vibration probe and the ultrasonic echo signals are received, and the ultrasonic echo signal data of the time period can be processed.
  • the media strain and displacement data information on the ultrasonic scanning line during this period is obtained.
  • Step 103 Acquire maximum displacement data of the shear wave at each depth according to the ultrasonic echo signal.
  • each maximum displacement data characterizes the maximum oscillation amplitude of the shear wave when the shear wave propagates to different depths in the viscoelastic medium.
  • the ultrasonic echo signal can reflect the displacement of the shear wave in the liver tissue. Therefore, the displacement data of the shear wave can be obtained from the ultrasonic echo signal.
  • a certain digital signal processing can be performed on the ultrasonic echo signal. Signal processing includes at least one of the following signal processing: time domain cross-correlation, spectral cross-correlation, squared error sum, speckle tracking, scale-invariant feature point tracking, dynamic programming, zero-crossing tracking, peak search.
  • FIG. 2 illustrates a displacement result curve of a shear wave generated by mechanical vibration of the external probe as a function of time at a fixed depth in the tissue.
  • mechanical vibration perpendicular to the liver tissue is applied to the liver tissue, and the ultrasonic transducer captures a displacement perpendicular to the axis of the liver tissue at which the mechanical vibration is applied, that is, a longitudinal displacement.
  • the DAV in Figure 2 represents the longitudinal displacement.
  • the displacement data exhibits oscillation attenuation characteristics at a fixed depth. Generally, the maximum displacement appears at the first peak. Therefore, for the displacement data corresponding to each depth obtained, it can be The maximum displacement data is extracted to obtain the maximum displacement data at different depths.
  • Step 104 Fit each maximum displacement data to obtain a maximum displacement attenuation curve.
  • Step 105 Determine a viscoelastic parameter of the viscoelastic medium according to a maximum displacement attenuation curve.
  • the maximum The displacement data performs a certain amount of data processing.
  • the maximum displacement data may be filtered in the time domain and the frequency domain, and the abnormal data in each maximum displacement data is excluded, and the abnormal data includes an average displacement value of the displacement value greater than all the maximum displacement data or an average displacement value.
  • the displacement data of the multiple, or the abnormal data includes displacement data whose difference between the displacement value and the average displacement value is greater than a standard deviation of a certain multiple.
  • the fitting formula is as follows:
  • the fitting results can obtain three parameters a, b, and c. Since the parameters b and c affect the position of the quadratic polynomial curve and are not related to the curve attenuation trend and shape, the parameter a can be extracted to describe the attenuation trend and shape of the maximum displacement attenuation curve. This coefficient is determined by viscosity and elasticity. Co-determined, the viscoelastic parameters. That is, the coefficient corresponding to the highest power variable of the maximum displacement attenuation curve is determined as the viscoelastic parameter of the viscoelastic medium.
  • the low-frequency vibration of a single frequency is used, and the viscoelastic parameter of the measured tissue can be obtained by analyzing the vibration amplitude of the shear wave.
  • the specific principle is that the vibration amplitude is not only related to the elastic parameter, but also related to the viscosity, that is, related to the viscoelastic parameter, which can be described from the peak and amplitude attenuation at a specific depth.
  • the drop curve formed by the decrease in peak value with the depth of propagation is affected by elasticity and viscosity. The higher the viscosity, the smaller the first wave peak is in the shallower tissue, and the deeper the depth is, the lower the viscosity of the tissue is, the more the viscous tissue is larger, and the lower the peak is more severe. .
  • a mechanical vibration of a predetermined frequency is applied to the tissue to produce a shear wave of a frequency only in the viscoelastic medium.
  • calculating, according to the displacement data, maximum displacement data representing a maximum oscillation amplitude when the shear wave propagates to different depths and obtaining the shear wave by fitting each maximum displacement data.
  • the maximum displacement attenuation curve is used to determine the viscoelastic parameter of the viscoelastic medium based on the maximum displacement attenuation curve, which is related to both elasticity and viscosity.
  • FIG. 3 is a flow chart of a second embodiment of a viscoelastic parameter detecting method for a viscoelastic medium according to the present invention. As shown in FIG. 3, on the basis of the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, after step 105, the following steps may be further included:
  • Step 201 Acquire an elastic parameter of the viscoelastic medium according to the ultrasonic echo signal.
  • Step 202 Determine the degree of fibrosis of the viscoelastic medium according to the elastic parameter and the viscoelastic parameter.
  • the elastic parameter of the viscoelastic medium can be obtained based on the analysis processing of the received ultrasonic echo signal based on the method in the prior art.
  • the degree of fibrosis of the tissue is collectively determined.
  • the degree of fibrosis of tissue is generally classified as severe, general, and not severe, and each degree corresponds to a different range of elastic parameters.
  • the division of the degree of fibrosis and the accuracy of the determination of the degree of fibrosis are provided to provide a usable data dimension.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of Embodiment 1 of a viscoelastic parameter detecting device for a viscoelastic medium according to the present invention. As shown in FIG. 4, the detecting device includes:
  • the host 1 and the probe 2 are controlled, and the probe includes a vibrator 21 and an ultrasonic transducer 22.
  • the vibrator 21 applies a mechanical vibration of a single predetermined frequency to the viscoelastic medium under the control of the control host 1, and generates shear waves in the viscoelastic medium.
  • the ultrasonic transducer 22 under the control of the control host 1, emits a single-vibration source ultrasonic wave to the viscoelastic medium and receives an ultrasonic echo signal during the propagation of the shear wave in the viscoelastic medium.
  • the control host 1 includes a first acquisition module 11, a calculation module 12, and a first determination module 13.
  • a first obtaining module 11 configured to acquire maximum displacement data of the shear wave at each depth according to the ultrasonic echo signal, and each of the maximum displacement data characterizes the shear wave propagation The maximum amplitude of oscillation of the shear wave to different depths in the viscoelastic medium.
  • the calculation module 12 is configured to fit each maximum displacement data to obtain a maximum displacement attenuation curve.
  • the first determining module 13 is configured to determine a viscoelastic parameter of the viscoelastic medium according to the maximum displacement attenuation curve.
  • control host further includes: a processing module 14.
  • the processing module 14 is configured to perform at least one of signal processing on the ultrasonic echo signals: time domain cross correlation, spectral cross correlation, square error sum, speckle tracking, scale invariant feature point tracking, dynamic programming , zero cross tracking, peak search.
  • the calculation module 12 includes: a first calculation unit 121 and a second calculation unit 122.
  • the first calculating unit 121 is configured to perform filtering processing in the time domain and the frequency domain on the maximum displacement data, and reject abnormal data in each maximum displacement data.
  • the second calculating unit 122 is configured to perform a polynomial fitting on each maximum displacement data after the abnormal data is removed, to obtain the maximum displacement attenuation curve.
  • the first determining module 13 is specifically configured to:
  • a coefficient corresponding to the highest power variable of the maximum displacement attenuation curve is determined to be a viscoelastic parameter of the viscoelastic medium.
  • the detection device of this embodiment may be used to implement the technical solution of the method embodiment shown in FIG. 1 , and the implementation principle and technical effects are similar, and details are not described herein again.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a second embodiment of a viscoelastic parameter detecting apparatus for a viscoelastic medium according to the present invention.
  • the control host 1 further includes: a second acquiring module 15 a second determining module 16,
  • the second obtaining module 15 is configured to acquire an elastic parameter of the viscoelastic medium according to the ultrasonic echo signal.
  • the second determining module 16 is configured to determine a degree of fibrosis of the viscoelastic medium according to the elastic parameter and the viscoelastic parameter.
  • the detection device of this embodiment may be used to perform the technical solution of the method embodiment shown in FIG. 3, and the implementation principle and the technical effect are similar, and details are not described herein again.
  • the computer can read the storage medium, and when executed, the program executes the steps including the foregoing method embodiments; and the foregoing storage medium includes: a medium that can store program codes, such as a ROM, a RAM, a magnetic disk, or an optical disk.

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Abstract

一种粘弹性介质的粘弹性参数检测方法和设备，该方法包括：对粘弹性介质施加单一预设频率的机械振动，在粘弹性介质中产生剪切波（101）；向粘弹性介质发射超声波，并接收超声回波信号（102）；根据超声回波信号获取剪切波的各深度下的最大位移数据（103），每个最大位移数据表征了剪切波传播到粘弹性介质中的不同深度时剪切波的最大振荡幅度；拟合各最大位移数据，获得最大位移衰减曲线（104）；根据最大位移衰减曲线确定粘弹性介质的粘弹性参数（105）。从而，能够获得既与弹性又与粘度相关的粘弹性参数，增加了对组织的测量维度，有利于提供更加丰富的组织参数信息及度量维度，提供更加准确的组织纤维化测量结果。

Description

粘弹性介质的粘弹性参数检测方法和设备 技术领域
本发明属于医疗技术领域，具体是涉及一种粘弹性介质的粘弹性参数检测方法和设备。
背景技术
肝纤维化通常由于过度的细胞外基质蛋白的沉积造成，并经常性的出现于大多数类型的慢性肝脏疾病患者中。由于早期的肝纤维化或者肝硬化是可逆或者可以控制的，因此肝纤维化的准确有效的早期诊断显得至关重要。
剪切波弹性成像技术可以通过测量肝脏硬度数值来定量评估肝纤维化和肝硬化的程度。其中最广泛应用于临床进行无创肝纤维化分级检测的是瞬时弹性成像技术。
因为肝脏是一个粘弹性体即粘弹性介质，其粘弹度参数的改变与多种肝脏疾病紧密相连。因此肝脏粘弹性参数可以为肝纤维化的早期诊断提供非常有价值的信息。
而目前，对组织的测量主要是测量组织的弹性参数，而忽略粘度参数即忽略了组织的粘弹性参数，这对于肝纤维化等组织的早期病变检测结果造成不利影响。
发明内容
针对现有技术中存在的问题，本发明提供一种粘弹性介质的粘弹性参数检测方法和设备，用以获得组织的粘弹性参数，以提高纤维化程度测量结果的准确度。
本发明提供了一种粘弹性介质的粘弹性参数检测方法，包括：
对粘弹性介质施加单一预设频率的机械振动，在所述粘弹性介质中产生剪切波；
在所述剪切波在粘弹性介质传播的期间，向所述粘弹性介质发射单振源超声波，并接收超声回波信号；
根据所述超声回波信号获取所述剪切波在各深度下的最大位移数据，每个所述最大位移数据表征了所述剪切波传播到所述粘弹性介质中的不同深度时所述剪切波的最大振荡幅度；
拟合各最大位移数据，获得最大位移衰减曲线；
根据所述最大位移衰减曲线确定所述粘弹性介质的粘弹性参数。
本发明提供了一种粘弹性介质的粘弹性参数检测设备，包括：
控制主机、探头，所述探头中包含振动器、超声换能器；
所述振动器在所述控制主机的控制下，对粘弹性介质施加单一预设频率的机械振动，在所述粘弹性介质中产生剪切波；
所述超声换能器在所述控制主机的控制下，在所述剪切波在粘弹性介质传播的期间，向所述粘弹性介质发射单振源超声波，并接收超声回波信号；
所述控制主机，包括：
第一获取模块，用于根据所述超声回波信号获取所述剪切波在各深度下的最大位移数据，每个所述最大位移数据表征了所述剪切波传播到所述粘弹性介质中的不同深度时所述剪切波的最大振荡幅度；
计算模块，用于拟合各最大位移数据，获得最大位移衰减曲线；
第一确定模块，用于根据所述最大位移衰减曲线确定所述粘弹性介质的粘弹性参数。
本发明提供的粘弹性介质的粘弹性参数检测设备，对组织施加一次预设频率的机械振动从而仅在粘弹性介质中产生一种频率的剪切波。在获取该剪切波的位移数据之后，基于该位移数据计算得到表征剪切波传播到不同深度时的最大振荡幅度的各最大位移数据，进而通过拟合各最大位移数据获得该剪切波的最大位移衰减曲线，从而根据该最大位移衰减曲线确定粘弹性介质的粘弹性参数，该参数既与弹性相关又与粘度相关。通过该方案，能够获得既与弹性又与粘度相关的粘弹性参数，增加了对组织的测量维度，有利于提供更加丰富的组织参数信息及度量维度，有助于提供更加准确的组织纤维化测量结果。
附图说明
图1为本发明粘弹性介质的粘弹性参数检测方法实施例一的流程图；
图2为剪切波传播到某特定深度时的位移数据示意图；
图3为本发明粘弹性介质的粘弹性参数检测方法实施例二的流程图；
图4为本发明粘弹性介质的粘弹性参数检测设备实施例一的示意图；
图5为本发明粘弹性介质的粘弹性参数检测设备实施例二的示意图。
具体实施方式
图1为本发明粘弹性介质的粘弹性参数检测方法实施例一的流程图，本实施例提供的所述方法主要用于检测肝脏组织的粘弹性参数，可以由一检测设备来执行，该检测设备可以是现有的无创肝纤维化检测仪，但是在该无创肝纤维化检测仪中增加了执行本实施例所述方法所需的处理功能。该检测设备中主要包括控制主机和探头，该探头中包含了用于产生机械振动的振动器以及用于发射和接收超声波的超声换能器。
如图1所示，该粘弹性介质的粘弹性参数检测方法可以包括如下步骤：
步骤101、对粘弹性介质施加单一预设频率的机械振动，在粘弹性介质中产生剪切波。
本实施例中，以检测肝脏组织的粘弹性参数为例，肝脏组织即是上述的粘弹性介质。对粘弹性介质施加单一预设频率的机械振动，是指对肝脏组织所对应的皮肤表面施加该机械振动。
具体来说，振动器在该皮肤表面施加一垂直于皮肤表面的正弦机械振动，从而在肝脏组织中产生相应的剪切波，剪切波即在肝脏组织中传播。其中，该机械振动的频率比如可以是50赫兹等低频频率。
步骤102、在剪切波在粘弹性介质传播的期间，向粘弹性介质发射单振源超声波，并接收超声回波信号。
本实施例中，超声换能器在振动器所施加机械振动的位置，向肝脏组织发射低频的单振源的超声波信号，并接收超声回波信号。
其中，可以以一定时间间隔，向肝脏组织发射多帧超声波信号，以跟踪剪切波在肝脏组织中的传播过程。
举例来说，在施加机械振动产生剪切波之后，剪切波正在粘弹性介 质中传播的某一段时刻，通过振动探头上集成的单振源超声模块的发射器发射一系列的超声波信号并接收超声回波信号，通过对该时间段的超声回波信号数据，进行处理可以得到这段时间内在超声波扫描线上介质应变及位移数据信息。
本发明实施例中，仅以位移数据进行说明，可以理解的是，应变数据与之类似，处理方法相同，不再赘述。
步骤103、根据超声回波信号获取剪切波在各深度下的最大位移数据。
其中，每个最大位移数据表征了剪切波传播到粘弹性介质中的不同深度时剪切波的最大振荡幅度。
前面已经提到，超声回波信号可以反映剪切波在肝脏组织的传播位移情况，因此，可以根据超声回波信号获取剪切波的位移数据。为了保证该位移数据的精确，可以对超声回波信号进行一定的数字信号处理。信号处理包括以下信号处理中的至少一种：时域互相关、谱互相关、平方误差和、斑点跟踪、尺度不变特征点跟踪、动态规划、零交叉跟踪、峰值搜索。
为了直观的说明剪切波的位移数据，图2示意了一种外部探头机械振动产生的剪切波传播在组织内某一固定深度时，随时间变化的位移结果曲线。本实施例中，对肝脏组织施加垂直于肝脏组织的机械振动，超声换能器捕捉施加机械振动处的垂直于肝脏组织轴上的位移，即为纵向位移。图2中的DAV即代表纵向位移。
从图2中可以看出，固定深度下其位移数据呈现振荡衰减的特征，一般来说，最大位移出现在第一个波峰，因此，针对获得的每个深度对应的位移数据来说，可以从中提取出最大位移数据，从而获得不同深度时的各最大位移数据。
步骤104、拟合各最大位移数据，获得最大位移衰减曲线。
步骤105、根据最大位移衰减曲线确定粘弹性介质的粘弹性参数。
本实施例中，可以采用多项式、指数等不同的数据拟合方式，对获得的各最大位移数据进行拟合，获得最大位移衰减曲线。
在进行拟合的过程中，为了保证拟合结果的准确度，可以对各最大 位移数据进行一定的数据处理。
可选的，可以对各最大位移数据进行时域和频域的滤波处理，剔除各最大位移数据中的异常数据，该异常数据包括位移值大于所有最大位移数据的平均位移值或者平均位移值一定倍数的位移数据，或者，该异常数据包括位移值与平均位移值之差大于一定倍数标准差的位移数据。
之后，对剔除异常数据后的各最大位移数据进行多项式拟合，获得所述最大位移衰减曲线。
通过大量实验显示，二次多项式拟合的拟合效果最好。故拟合公式如下式所示：
y＝ax2+bx+c
针对某粘弹性介质的测量来说，拟合结果可以得到a、b、c三个参数。由于参数b、c影响的是二次多项式曲线的位置，与曲线衰减趋势和形态无关联，所以可以提取参数a，用来刻画最大位移衰减曲线的衰减趋势和形态，这个系数是由粘度、弹性共同决定的，为粘弹性参数。即确定最大位移衰减曲线的最高次幂变量对应的系数为粘弹性介质的粘弹性参数。
本实施例中，采用单一频率的低频振动，通过对剪切波的振动幅度的分析，可以得到所测量组织的粘弹性参数。具体原理是：振动幅度不但与弹性参数相关，还与粘度相关，即与粘弹性参数相关，它可以从特定深度下的波峰和振幅衰减量来描述。峰值随传播深度而降低形成的下降曲线会受到弹性和粘性的影响。粘度越大，则在较浅的组织中，第一波峰值越小，而随深度加深，粘度大的组织下降更为平缓，而粘性小的组织第一波峰值更大，下降的更为剧烈。
本实施例中，对组织施加一次预设频率的机械振动从而仅在粘弹性介质中产生一种频率的剪切波。在获取该剪切波的位移数据之后，基于该位移数据计算得到表征剪切波传播到不同深度时的最大振荡幅度的各最大位移数据，进而通过拟合各最大位移数据获得该剪切波的最大位移衰减曲线，从而根据该最大位移衰减曲线确定粘弹性介质的粘弹性参数，该参数既与弹性相关又与粘度相关。通过该方案，能够获得既与弹性又与粘度相关的粘弹性参数，增加了对组织的测量维度，有利于提供 更加丰富的组织参数信息及度量维度，有助于提供更加准确的组织纤维化测量结果。
图3为本发明粘弹性介质的粘弹性参数检测方法实施例二的流程图，如图3所示，在图1所示实施例的基础上，在步骤105之后，还可以包括如下步骤：
步骤201、根据超声回波信号，获取粘弹性介质的弹性参数。
步骤202、根据弹性参数和粘弹性参数确定粘弹性介质的纤维化程度。
本实施例中，可以基于现有技术中的方法，基于对接收到的超声回波信号的分析处理，得到粘弹性介质的弹性参数。
进而，根据获得的弹性参数和粘弹性参数，共同对组织的纤维化程度进行判定。
举例来说，目前一般对组织的纤维化程度进行严重、一般、不严重这种较粗程度的划分，每种程度对应有不同的弹性参数范围。在获得了粘弹性参数的基础上，为进一步细粒度地进行纤维化程度的划分，以及纤维化程度的判定准确性提供了可用的数据维度。
图4为本发明粘弹性介质的粘弹性参数检测设备实施例一的示意图，如图4所示，该检测设备包括：
控制主机1、探头2，所述探头中包含振动器21、超声换能器22。
所述振动器21在所述控制主机1的控制下，对粘弹性介质施加单一预设频率的机械振动，在所述粘弹性介质中产生剪切波。
所述超声换能器22在所述控制主机1的控制下，在所述剪切波在粘弹性介质传播的期间，向所述粘弹性介质发射单振源超声波，并接收超声回波信号。
所述控制主机1，包括：第一获取模块11、计算模块12、第一确定模块13。
第一获取模块11，用于根据所述超声回波信号获取所述剪切波在各深度下的最大位移数据，每个所述最大位移数据表征了所述剪切波传播 到所述粘弹性介质中的不同深度时所述剪切波的最大振荡幅度。
计算模块12，用于拟合各最大位移数据，获得最大位移衰减曲线。
第一确定模块13，用于根据所述最大位移衰减曲线确定所述粘弹性介质的粘弹性参数。
进一步的，所述控制主机还包括：处理模块14。
处理模块14，用于对所述超声回波信号进行以下信号处理中的至少一种信号处理：时域互相关、谱互相关、平方误差和、斑点跟踪、尺度不变特征点跟踪、动态规划、零交叉跟踪、峰值搜索。
具体的，所述计算模块12包括：第一计算单元121、第二计算单元122。
第一计算单元121，用于对所述各最大位移数据进行时域和频域的滤波处理，剔除所述各最大位移数据中的异常数据。
第二计算单元122，用于对剔除所述异常数据后的各最大位移数据进行多项式拟合，获得所述最大位移衰减曲线。
具体的，所述第一确定模块13具体用于：
确定所述最大位移衰减曲线的最高次幂变量对应的系数为所述粘弹性介质的粘弹性参数。
本实施例的检测设备可以用于执行图1所示方法实施例的技术方案，其实现原理和技术效果类似，此处不再赘述。
图5为本发明粘弹性介质的粘弹性参数检测设备实施例二的示意图，如图5所示，在图4所示实施例的基础上，该控制主机1还包括：第二获取模块15、第二确定模块16、
第二获取模块15，用于根据所述超声回波信号，获取所述粘弹性介质的弹性参数。
第二确定模块16，用于根据所述弹性参数和所述粘弹性参数确定所述粘弹性介质的纤维化程度。
本实施例的检测设备可以用于执行图3所示方法实施例的技术方案，其实现原理和技术效果类似，此处不再赘述。
本领域普通技术人员可以理解：实现上述方法实施例的全部或部分步骤可以通过程序指令相关的硬件来完成，前述的程序可以存储于一计 算机可读取存储介质中，该程序在执行时，执行包括上述方法实施例的步骤；而前述的存储介质包括：ROM、RAM、磁碟或者光盘等各种可以存储程序代码的介质。
最后应说明的是：以上各实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案，而非对其限制；尽管参照前述各实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解：其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分或者全部技术特征进行等同替换；而这些修改或者替换，并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本发明各实施例技术方案的范围。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种粘弹性介质的粘弹性参数检测方法，其特征在于，包括：
    对粘弹性介质施加单一预设频率的机械振动，在所述粘弹性介质中产生剪切波；
    在所述剪切波在粘弹性介质传播的期间，向所述粘弹性介质发射单振源超声波，并接收超声回波信号；
    根据所述超声回波信号获取所述剪切波在各深度下的最大位移数据，每个所述最大位移数据表征了所述剪切波传播到所述粘弹性介质中的不同深度时所述剪切波的最大振荡幅度；
    拟合各最大位移数据，获得最大位移衰减曲线；
    根据所述最大位移衰减曲线确定所述粘弹性介质的粘弹性参数。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述根据所述超声回波信号获取所述剪切波的各最大位移数据之前，还包括：
    对所述超声回波信号进行以下信号处理中的至少一种信号处理：时域互相关、谱互相关、平方误差和、斑点跟踪、尺度不变特征点跟踪、动态规划、零交叉跟踪、峰值搜索。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述拟合所述各最大位移数据，获得最大位移衰减曲线，包括：
    对所述各最大位移数据进行时域和频域的滤波处理，剔除所述各最大位移数据中的异常数据；
    对剔除所述异常数据后的各最大位移数据进行多项式拟合，获得所述最大位移衰减曲线。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的方法，其特征在于，所述根据所述最大位移衰减曲线确定所述粘弹性介质的粘弹性参数，包括：
    确定所述最大位移衰减曲线的最高次幂变量对应的系数为所述粘弹性介质的粘弹性参数。
  5. 根据权利要求1至4中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    根据所述超声回波信号，获取所述粘弹性介质的弹性参数；
    根据所述弹性参数和所述粘弹性参数确定所述粘弹性介质的纤维化 程度。
  6. 一种粘弹性介质的粘弹性参数检测设备，其特征在于，包括：
    控制主机、探头，所述探头中包含振动器、超声换能器；
    所述振动器在所述控制主机的控制下，对粘弹性介质施加单一预设频率的机械振动，在所述粘弹性介质中产生剪切波；
    所述超声换能器在所述控制主机的控制下，在所述剪切波在粘弹性介质传播的期间，向所述粘弹性介质发射单振源超声波，并接收超声回波信号；
    所述控制主机，包括：
    第一获取模块，用于根据所述超声回波信号获取所述剪切波在各深度下的最大位移数据，每个所述最大位移数据表征了所述剪切波传播到所述粘弹性介质中的不同深度时所述剪切波的最大振荡幅度；
    计算模块，用于拟合各最大位移数据，获得最大位移衰减曲线；
    第一确定模块，用于根据所述最大位移衰减曲线确定所述粘弹性介质的粘弹性参数。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的设备，其特征在于，所述控制主机还包括：
    处理模块，用于对所述超声回波信号进行以下信号处理中的至少一种信号处理：时域互相关、谱互相关、平方误差和、斑点跟踪、尺度不变特征点跟踪、动态规划、零交叉跟踪、峰值搜索。
  8. 根据权利要求6所述的设备，其特征在于，所述计算模块包括：
    第一计算单元，用于对所述各最大位移数据进行时域和频域的滤波处理，剔除所述各最大位移数据中的异常数据；
    第二计算单元，用于对剔除所述异常数据后的各最大位移数据进行多项式拟合，获得所述最大位移衰减曲线。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的设备，其特征在于，所述第一确定模块具体用于：
    确定所述最大位移衰减曲线的最高次幂变量对应的系数为所述粘弹性介质的粘弹性参数。
  10. 根据权利要求6至9中任一项所述的设备，其特征在于，所述控 制主机还包括：
    第二获取模块，用于根据所述超声回波信号，获取所述粘弹性介质的弹性参数；
    第二确定模块，用于根据所述弹性参数和所述粘弹性参数确定所述粘弹性介质的纤维化程度。
PCT/CN2016/103645 2015-12-24 2016-10-27 粘弹性介质的粘弹性参数检测方法和设备 WO2017107660A1 (zh)

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