WO2017107231A1 - 一种轻质原油铁路罐车罐体 - Google Patents

一种轻质原油铁路罐车罐体 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017107231A1
WO2017107231A1 PCT/CN2015/099527 CN2015099527W WO2017107231A1 WO 2017107231 A1 WO2017107231 A1 WO 2017107231A1 CN 2015099527 W CN2015099527 W CN 2015099527W WO 2017107231 A1 WO2017107231 A1 WO 2017107231A1
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opening
cylinder
cylinder body
valve
crude oil
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PCT/CN2015/099527
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
杜亮辉
朱英波
拜雪玲
王云涛
张羽
周建辉
赵宏刚
何皋
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西安轨道交通装备有限责任公司
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Publication of WO2017107231A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017107231A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D90/00—Component parts, details or accessories for large containers
    • B65D90/02—Wall construction
    • B65D90/04—Linings
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D90/00—Component parts, details or accessories for large containers
    • B65D90/02—Wall construction
    • B65D90/06—Coverings, e.g. for insulating purposes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D90/00—Component parts, details or accessories for large containers
    • B65D90/22—Safety features
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D90/00—Component parts, details or accessories for large containers
    • B65D90/54—Gates or closures

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the technical field of railway transportation pressure vessels, and in particular relates to a light crude oil railway tank car body.
  • the wall thickness of the existing railway tank car can only meet the requirements of bearing and use under normal working conditions, and the risk of the barrel being pierced under the accident of the tanker is not considered.
  • the designed wall thickness of the cylinder does not increase the safety margin under the accident state. the amount;
  • the existing railway tanker does not have any safety protection for the cylinder head, and the coupler can easily pierce the head in the accident state;
  • the present invention proposes a light crude oil railway tank car body to avoid the tank car in a large fire, which easily causes the temperature of the medium in the tank to rise rapidly, causing an explosion problem, and at the same time, when each car is derailed, The hook is easy to pierce the head.
  • the invention provides a light crude oil railway tank car body, comprising a cylinder body and being installed in the cylinder a sealing head at both ends of the body, a plurality of valve members mounted on the upper portion of the cylinder body, a traction pillow installed at a lower portion of the cylinder body, and a lowering valve; wherein the cylinder body comprises three layers, respectively an inner cylinder body and an outer cylinder And a ceramic fiber disposed between the outer cylinders of the inner cylinder; a protective head is externally mounted on the outer head.
  • the tank body further includes a lower valve guard cover and an opening and closing mechanism;
  • the opening and closing mechanism includes a hanging seat and an opening and closing shaft;
  • the hanging seat is fixed at one end of the outer surface of the cylinder, and the other end is provided with a through hole;
  • the opening and closing The shaft passes through the through hole of the hanger and the protective cover, and one end is connected with the lower discharge valve for opening or closing the lower discharge valve, and the other end is the operation end or connected with the operating member;
  • the operation end is provided with an Allen key hole or is provided with Use a hex wrench to tighten the screw head.
  • the opening and closing mechanism further includes an operating handle and an operating handle safety hanging;
  • the opening and closing shaft is connected to the lower discharging valve through one end of the through hole for opening or closing the lower discharging valve, and the other end is mounted with an operating handle;
  • the utility model comprises a boom fixed on the hanger or the bottom of the cylinder, a right angle arm fixed to the boom and a pin inserted between the boom and the right arm; the suspended portion of the operating handle is limited by the pin.
  • the opening mechanism further includes a door lock, and the pin shaft is provided with a small hole, and the lock ring of the door lock passes through the small hole to lock the pin shaft.
  • the upper part of the cylinder body is provided with a loading and unloading hole seat, and a plurality of valve members on the upper part of the cylinder body are all mounted on the loading and unloading hole seat; a protective cover is arranged outside the additional hole receiving seat; the protective cover is provided with a plurality of ventilation holes .
  • the inner cylinder is a 15 mm thick steel plate, and the outer cylinder is 3 mm.
  • the steel plate and the ceramic fiber have a thickness of 13 mm.
  • the above-mentioned pillow is made of a steel plate all welded structure.
  • the wall thickness of the cylinder of the invention is selected to meet the requirements of strength, rigidity and service life under normal working conditions, and also considers that the cylinder has certain resistance to piercing in an accident state, and at the same time, in order to reduce the explosion of the cylinder in the fire. The risk of slowing the temperature of the medium in the tank is too fast, and providing sufficient time for the accident rescue.
  • the cylinder of the present invention is divided into three layers, which are an outer cylinder, a ceramic fiber and an inner cylinder.
  • a layer is set outside the cylinder head.
  • the protective head protects the barrel head and reduces the risk of the head being pierced.
  • the bottom of the cylinder is equipped with a safety guard and an opening and closing mechanism to prevent the lower valve from being cut off during an accident.
  • the opening and closing mechanism installs the door lock to prevent the accident of stealing crude oil.
  • the pillows are all welded.
  • FIG 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the tank car body
  • Figure 2 is a schematic view of the structure of the opening and closing mechanism.
  • Figure 3 is a schematic view showing the structure of the row of holes.
  • the present invention provides a light crude oil railway tank car body.
  • the tank body includes a cylinder 1, a head 2 attached to both ends of the cylinder 2, a plurality of valve members 3 attached to the upper portion of the cylinder 1, and a pillow 4 attached to the lower portion of the cylinder 1.
  • a drain valve 5 characterized in that the cylinder 1 comprises three layers, namely an inner cylinder 6, an outer cylinder 7, and a ceramic fiber 8 disposed between the outer cylinders; the outer portion of the head 2 is mounted Protective head 9.
  • the inner cylinder of the cylinder is a 15 mm thick steel plate, and the outer cylinder is 3 mm, and the thickness of the steel plate and the ceramic fiber is 13 mm.
  • a portion of the lower portion of the cylinder 1 where the drain valve 5 is mounted is provided with a protective cover 10 and an opening mechanism 11;
  • the opening and closing mechanism 11 includes a hanger 12 and an opening and closing shaft 13; one end of the hanger 12 is fixed to the outer surface of the cylinder 1, and the other end is provided with a through hole 14; the opening and closing shaft 13 passes through the hanger through hole 14 and
  • the protective cover has one end connected to the lower discharge valve 5 for opening or closing the lower discharge valve 5, the other end being the operation end or connected with the operating member; the operation end is provided with an Allen key hole or an external hex wrench is provided to tighten the screw head.
  • the opening and closing mechanism 11 of the present invention further includes an operation.
  • the handle 15 and the operating handle safety hoist 16; the opening and closing shaft 13 is connected to the lower discharge valve 5 through one end of the through hole 14 for opening or closing the lower discharge valve, and the other end is mounted with the operation handle 15;
  • the operation handle safety hoist 16 is fixed on the hoist a boom 17 on the seat 12 or at the bottom of the cylinder 1, a right angle arm 18 fixed to the boom 17, and a pin 19 interposed between the boom 17 and the right angle arm 18; the suspended portion of the operating handle 15 passes through the pin 19 limit.
  • the opening and closing mechanism 11 further includes a door lock 20 having a small hole formed therein, and the lock ring of the door lock is inserted through the small hole to lock the pin 19.
  • the upper portion of the cylinder of the present invention is provided with a row of holes. 20, a plurality of valve members 3 on the upper portion of the cylinder are mounted on the row of holes 20; a protective cover 21 is disposed on the outside of the row of holes 20; and a plurality of vents 22 are formed in the cover 21.
  • the sleeper of the tank body of the present invention is made of a steel plate full welded structure.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
  • Safety Valves (AREA)

Abstract

一种轻质原油铁路罐车罐体，包括筒体（1）、安装在筒体（1）两端的封头（2）、安装在筒体（1）上部的多个阀件（3）、安装在筒体（1）下部的牵枕（4）以及下泄阀（5）；其特征在于：所述筒体（1）包括为三层，分别是内筒体（6）、外筒体（7）以及设置内筒体（6）外筒体（7）之间的陶瓷纤维（8）；所述封头（2）外部安装防护封头（9）。该结构避免了罐车处于大火中很容易引起罐内介质温度快速升高，引发爆炸问题，以及各节车厢脱轨时，下车钩很容易刺破封头的问题。

Description

一种轻质原油铁路罐车罐体 技术领域
本发明属于铁路运输压力容器技术领域，具体涉及一种轻质原油铁路罐车罐体。
背景技术
近年来，由于危险化工品的运输和储存发生泄漏的事件屡有发生，给人民群众的生命财产安全和周边环境造成了极大危害，全社会对危化品储运安全要求不断提高。铁路罐车装运的介质大多具有易燃、易爆、腐蚀、有毒等危险特性，一旦泄漏引发后果严重。我国铁路经过近十年发展，危险品罐车安全性基本能够满足正常工况下的使用要求。然而，与发达国家相比，罐车在事故状态下的安全性仍有较大差距。主要存在的缺点如下：
1.现有铁路罐车筒体壁厚仅能够满足正常工况下承载和使用要求，未考虑罐车事故状态下筒体被刺穿的风险，设计的筒体壁厚未增加事故状态下的安全裕量；
2.现有铁路罐车对筒体封头未设置任何的安全防护，事故状态下车钩很容易刺破封头；
3.对于运输危险品的既有铁路罐车，筒体外表面未设置热防护装置，当罐车在事故时处于大火中很容易引起罐内介质温度快速升高，引发爆炸等严重后果；
4.既有危险品铁路罐车筒体顶部的多个阀件均未设置安全防护装置，在罐车脱轨、倾覆时容易切断相关阀件，造成罐内介质泄露。
发明内容
为解决背景技术中的问题，本发明提出了一种轻质原油铁路罐车罐体避免了罐车处于大火中很容易引起罐内介质温度快速升高，引发爆炸问题，同时，各节车厢脱轨时，下车钩很容易刺破封头的问题。
本发明的具体技术方案是：
本发明提供了一种轻质原油铁路罐车罐体，包括筒体、安装在筒 体两端的封头、安装在筒体上部的多个阀件、安装在筒体下部的牵枕以及下泄阀；其特征在于：所述筒体包括为三层，分别是内筒体、外筒体以及设置内筒体外筒体之间的陶瓷纤维；所述封头外部安装防护封头。
上述罐车罐体还包括下泄阀防护罩以及开闭机构；所述开闭机构包括吊座、开闭轴；所述吊座一端固定在筒体外表面，另一端设置有通孔；所述开闭轴穿过吊座通孔和防护罩，一端与下卸阀连接，用于开启或关闭下卸阀，另一端为操作端或与操作件连接；所述操作端开设内六角扳手孔或者设置有外六角扳手拧紧螺头。
上述开闭机构还包括操作手柄以及操作手柄安全吊；所述开闭轴穿过通孔一端与下卸阀连接用于开启或关闭下卸阀，另一端安装操作手柄；所述操作手柄安全吊包括固定在吊座上或筒体底部的吊臂、与吊臂固连的直角臂以及插装在吊臂和直角臂之间的销轴；所述操作手柄的悬空部分通过销轴限位。
上述开启机构还包括门锁，所述销轴上开设有小孔，所述门锁的锁环穿过小孔将销轴锁住。
上述筒体上部安装有加排孔座，筒体上部的多个阀件均安装在加排孔座上；加排孔座的外部设置有保护罩；所述保护罩上开设有多个通气孔。
上述内筒体为15mm厚钢板、外筒体为3mm后钢板、陶瓷纤维的厚度为13mm。
上述牵枕采用钢板全焊接结构制作。
本发明的优点在于：
1.本发明的筒体壁厚选取在满足正常工况下强度、刚度及使用寿命要求的同时还考虑筒体在事故状态下具有一定的抵抗刺穿的能力，同时为了降低火灾中筒体爆炸的风险，减缓罐内介质温度过快升高，给事故救援提供充分的时间，本发明的筒体分为三层，分别是外筒体、陶瓷纤维以及内筒体。
2.为了防止事故状态下封头被刺穿，筒体封头外又设置了一层 防护封头，对筒体封头进行安全防护，降低封头被刺穿的风险。
3.筒体底部下卸阀设置安全防护装置和开闭机构，可避免事故时下卸阀被切断，同时开闭机构安装门锁，可防止偷窃原油的事故发生。
4.将筒体顶部所有阀件进行集成，并设置保护罩加以安全保护，确保事故状态下顶部阀件不会被切断，提高筒体的可靠性。
5.为了提高筒体的承载能力，牵枕均采用全焊接结构。
附图说明
图1罐车车体结构的示意图
图2开闭机构结构示意图。
图3为加排孔座处的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
为了解决现有轻质原油铁路罐车存在的问题，本发明提供了一种轻质原油铁路罐车罐体。
如图1所示，该罐车筒体包括筒体1、安装在1筒体两端的封头2、安装在筒体1上部的多个阀件3、安装在筒体1下部的牵枕4以及下泄阀5；其特征在于：所述筒体1包括为三层，分别是内筒体6、外筒体7以及设置内筒体外筒体之间的陶瓷纤维8；所述封头2外部安装防护封头9。
进一步的说，该筒体的内筒体为15mm厚钢板、外筒体为3mm后钢板、陶瓷纤维的厚度为13mm。
进一步的说，筒体1下部安装下泄阀5的部位安装有防护罩10以及开启机构11；
具体地说，开闭机构11包括吊座12、开闭轴13；吊座12一端固定在筒体1外表面，另一端设置有通孔14；开闭轴13穿过吊座通孔14和防护罩，一端与下卸阀5连接用于开启或关闭下卸阀5，另一端为操作端或与操作件连接；操作端开设内六角扳手孔或者设置有外六角扳手拧紧螺头。
为了便于操作者开闭下卸阀，本发明的开闭机构11还包括操作 手柄15以及操作手柄安全吊16；开闭轴13穿过通孔14一端与下卸阀5连接用于开启或关闭下卸阀，另一端安装操作手柄15；操作手柄安全吊16包括固定在吊座12上或筒体1底部的吊臂17、与吊臂17固连的直角臂18以及插装在吊臂17和直角臂18之间的销轴19；操作手柄15的悬空部分通过销轴19限位。
为了防止偷窃原油的事情发生，该开闭机构11还包括门锁20，销轴19上开设有小孔，门锁的锁环穿过小孔将销轴19锁住。
如图3所示，为了对筒体上部所有阀件进行集成安装，同时确保事故状态下顶部阀件不会被切断，提高筒体的可靠性，本发明的筒体上部安装有加排孔座20，筒体上部的多个阀件3均安装在加排孔座20上；加排孔座20的外部设置有保护罩21；保护罩21上开设有多个通气孔22。
为了提高筒体的承载能力，本发明罐车筒体的牵枕采用钢板全焊接结构制作。

Claims (7)

  1. 一种轻质原油铁路罐车罐体，包括筒体、安装在筒体两端的封头、安装在筒体上部的多个阀件、安装在筒体下部的牵枕以及下泄阀；其特征在于：所述筒体包括为三层，分别是内筒体、外筒体以及设置内筒体外筒体之间的陶瓷纤维；所述封头外部安装防护封头。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的轻质原油铁路罐车罐体，其特征在于：还包括下泄阀防护罩以及开闭机构；所述开闭机构包括吊座、开闭轴；所述吊座一端固定在筒体外表面，另一端设置有通孔；所述开闭轴穿过吊座通孔和防护罩，一端与下卸阀连接，用于开启或关闭下卸阀，另一端为操作端或与操作件连接；所述操作端开设内六角扳手孔或者设置有外六角扳手拧紧螺头。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的罐车下卸阀开闭机构及保护装置，其特征在于：所述开闭机构还包括操作手柄以及操作手柄安全吊；所述开闭轴穿过通孔一端与下卸阀连接用于开启或关闭下卸阀，另一端与操作手柄连接；所述操作手柄安全吊包括固定在吊座上或筒体底部的吊臂、与吊臂固连的直角臂以及插装在吊臂和直角臂之间的销轴；所述操作手柄的悬空部分通过销轴限位。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的罐车下卸阀开闭机构及保护装置，其特征在于：所述开闭机构还包括门锁，所述销轴上开设有小孔，所述门锁的锁环穿过小孔将销轴锁住。
  5. 根据权利要求1或2或3或4所述的轻质原油铁路罐车罐体，其特征在于：所述筒体上部安装有加排孔座，筒体上部的多个阀件均安装在加排孔座上加排孔座的外部设置有保护罩；所述保护罩上开设有多个通气孔。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的轻质原油铁路罐车罐体，其特征在于：所述内筒体为15mm厚钢板、外筒体为3mm后钢板、陶瓷纤维的厚度为13mm。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的轻质原油铁路罐车罐体，其特征在于：所述牵枕采用钢板全焊接结构制作。
PCT/CN2015/099527 2015-12-21 2015-12-29 一种轻质原油铁路罐车罐体 WO2017107231A1 (zh)

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