WO2017101890A1 - 螺缩酮衍生物及其制备方法和应用 - Google Patents

螺缩酮衍生物及其制备方法和应用 Download PDF

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WO2017101890A1
WO2017101890A1 PCT/CN2017/072047 CN2017072047W WO2017101890A1 WO 2017101890 A1 WO2017101890 A1 WO 2017101890A1 CN 2017072047 W CN2017072047 W CN 2017072047W WO 2017101890 A1 WO2017101890 A1 WO 2017101890A1
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alkyl
compound
cycloalkyl
halogen
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French (fr)
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安东
刘嘉
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上海艾力斯医药科技有限公司
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/33Heterocyclic compounds
    • A61K31/38Heterocyclic compounds having sulfur as a ring hetero atom
    • A61K31/381Heterocyclic compounds having sulfur as a ring hetero atom having five-membered rings
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/70Carbohydrates; Sugars; Derivatives thereof
    • A61K31/7042Compounds having saccharide radicals and heterocyclic rings
    • A61K31/7048Compounds having saccharide radicals and heterocyclic rings having oxygen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. leucoglucosan, hesperidin, erythromycin, nystatin, digitoxin or digoxin
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07DHETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D493/00Heterocyclic compounds containing oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system
    • C07D493/02Heterocyclic compounds containing oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system in which the condensed system contains two hetero rings
    • C07D493/10Spiro-condensed systems
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07HSUGARS; DERIVATIVES THEREOF; NUCLEOSIDES; NUCLEOTIDES; NUCLEIC ACIDS
    • C07H1/00Processes for the preparation of sugar derivatives
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07HSUGARS; DERIVATIVES THEREOF; NUCLEOSIDES; NUCLEOTIDES; NUCLEIC ACIDS
    • C07H19/00Compounds containing a hetero ring sharing one ring hetero atom with a saccharide radical; Nucleosides; Mononucleotides; Anhydro-derivatives thereof
    • C07H19/01Compounds containing a hetero ring sharing one ring hetero atom with a saccharide radical; Nucleosides; Mononucleotides; Anhydro-derivatives thereof sharing oxygen
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P20/00Technologies relating to chemical industry
    • Y02P20/50Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals
    • Y02P20/55Design of synthesis routes, e.g. reducing the use of auxiliary or protecting groups

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a spiroketal derivative which inhibits sodium-dependent glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT-2) activity associated with glucose resorption of the intestine or kidney, a preparation method thereof, and a pharmaceutical composition containing the same And their use in the treatment of diabetes, hyperglycemia, and diabetic complications or obesity caused by them.
  • SGLT-2 sodium-dependent glucose cotransporter 2
  • diabetes diabetes
  • type I and II non-insulin dependent type diabetes
  • Hyperglycemia is a hallmark of type 2 diabetes and is considered to be a major risk factor for the development of diabetic complications.
  • a therapeutic drug for diabetes a metformin drug, a sulfonylurea drug, a glycosidase inhibitor, an insulin sensitivity enhancer, a thiazolidinedione drug, and the like are used.
  • metformin has side effects of lactic acidosis
  • sulfonylurea drugs have side effects of hypoglycemia
  • glycosidase inhibitors have side effects of diarrhea
  • insulin sensitivity enhancers have observed side effects such as edema, obesity, and thiazolidinediones have long-term effects.
  • security issues with the use Therefore, in order to solve these problems, it is necessary to develop an anti-diabetic drug with a novel mechanism of action.
  • SGLT Sodium-dependent glucose cotransporters
  • SGLT-1 Sodium-dependent glucose cotransporters
  • SGLT-2 is mainly expressed in the pre-S1 segment of the proximal renal tubule; SGLT-1 is distributed in the small intestine, heart and kidney.
  • SGLT-2 absorbs 90% of the glucose in the original urine, and only 10% of the glucose is absorbed back into the body by SGLT-1.
  • Selective inhibition of SGLT-2 is expected to normalize glucose glucose by increasing glucose excretion in the urine, thereby increasing insulin sensitivity and delaying the development of diabetic complications. Since SGLT-2 inhibitors are not involved in glucose metabolism, they can be used as a supplement to mainstream blood glucose control methods.
  • an antidiabetic drug which has potent inhibitory activity against human SGLT-2 and is a new mechanism of action. It is believed that this drug can also prevent or reduce obesity while promoting the excretion of excess glucose by the urine and thus reducing the glucose accumulated in the body.
  • the glucose derivative phlorizin (structured as shown in the following formula) isolated from natural substances can prevent excess glucose from reabsorbing in the kidney and promote glucose efflux. Leakage, with hypoglycemic effect (rossetti, L., et al. J. Clin. Invest., vol. 80, p. 1037, 1987; vol. 79, p. 1510, 1987). Subsequently, the structure was modified to develop analogs such as O-carbocyclic glycoside derivatives, O-heterocyclic glycoside derivatives, C-carbocyclic glycoside derivatives, C-heterocyclyl glycoside derivatives, N-glycoside derivatives. Things and so on.
  • Dapagliflozin is preferably a selective SGLT-2 inhibitor, its IC SGLT-2 human 50 of 1.12nM, human SGLT-1 IC 50 of 1391nM (Diabetes 57: 1723-1729,2008), in Listed in the US in 2014. It has the functions of regulating diabetes, controlling blood sugar and reducing body weight. The side effects are mainly hypoglycemia and urinary tract infection.
  • a compound for inhibiting SGLT-2, canagliflozin is disclosed in International Patent Application No. WO2005/012326, the disclosure of which is hereby incorporated by:
  • Canagliflozin human IC SGLT-2 50 of 2.2nM, human SGLT-1 IC 50 of 910nM (J.Med.Chem., 2010,53,6355-6360), by inhibition of SGLT-2 in the urine can The glucose content increased to achieve therapeutic effects and was marketed in the United States in 2013.
  • a toggliflozin compound which inhibits SGLT-2 is disclosed in International Patent Application No. WO2006/080421, the entire disclosure of which is hereby incorporated by:
  • the present invention provides a compound represented by the following formula (I), a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, or a hydrate or solvate thereof:
  • X is -(CR 5 R 6 ) n -, O, S or N;
  • R 1 and R 2 are each independently selected from H, -C 1 -C 6 alkyl, -OC 1 -C 6 alkyl, halogen, -C 2 -C 6 alkenyl, -C 2 -C 6 alkynyl, -C 3 -C 6 cycloalkyl, -OC 3 -C 6 cycloalkyl, -C 1 -C 6 haloalkyl, -SC 1 -C 6 alkyl, -OH, -SH, -NO 2 , -CN , -SO-C 1 -C 6 alkyl, -SO-C 3 -C 6 cycloalkyl, -SO-aryl, -SO-heteroaryl, -SO 2 -C 1 -C 6 alkyl, - SO 2 -C 3 -C 6 cycloalkyl, -SO 2 -aryl, -SO 2 -haloaryl, -COH, -CO
  • R 3 and R 4 are each independently selected from H, -C 1 -C 6 alkyl, -OC 1 -C 6 alkyl, -OH, -SH, -NH 2 , halogen or R 3 , R 4 are attached thereto The carbon atoms are cyclized together to form a cycloalkyl or heterocycloalkyl group;
  • R 5 and R 6 are each independently selected from H, -C 1 -C 6 alkyl, -OC 1 -C 6 alkyl, halogen, -C 3 -C 6 cycloalkyl, -OC 3 -C 6 naphthenic a group, -C 1 -C 6 haloalkyl, -SC 1 -C 6 alkyl, -OH, -SH or R 5 , R 6 together with the attached carbon atom
  • Ring A is an aryl, heteroaryl or heterocycloalkyl group substituted by R 9 ;
  • R 9 is selected from the group consisting of H, -C 1 -C 6 alkyl, -OC 1 -C 6 alkyl, halogen, -OC 3 -C 6 cycloalkyl, -O-5-7 heterocycloalkyl, -C 1- C 6 haloalkyl, -OC 1 -C 6 haloalkyl, -C 3 -C 6 cycloalkyl, -SC 1 -C 6 alkyl, -OH, -SH, -(CR 7 R 8 ) n - CO-NR 7 R 8 , -O-(CR 7 R 8 ) n -OC 1 -C 6 alkyl, -O-(CR 7 R 8 ) n -OC 3 -C 6 cycloalkyl, -NO 2 , -CN, -SO-C 1 -C 6 alkyl, -SO-C 3 -C 6 cycloalkyl, -SO-aryl, -
  • R 7 and R 8 are each independently selected from H, -C 1 -C 6 alkyl, -OC 1 -C 6 alkyl or halogen;
  • n 1, 2 or 3.
  • the present invention also provides a pharmaceutical composition
  • a pharmaceutical composition comprising the compound represented by the above formula (I) of the present invention, a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, or a hydrate or solvate thereof, and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.
  • the present invention also provides a pharmaceutical composition
  • a pharmaceutical composition comprising the compound represented by the above formula (I), a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, or a hydrate or solvate thereof, and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, excipient or diluent .
  • the present invention also provides a compound represented by the formula (I), a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, or a hydrate or solvate thereof, for the preparation of a sodium-dependent glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT) which inhibits glucose resorption in the intestine or kidney. -2) Application of active drugs.
  • SGLT sodium-dependent glucose cotransporter 2
  • the present invention also provides a compound represented by the formula (I), a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, or a hydrate or solvate thereof, for the preparation of a medicament for treating diabetes, hyperglycemia, and diabetic complications or obesity caused by the same Applications.
  • the present invention also provides a method for preventing or treating diabetes, hyperglycemia, and diabetic complications or obesity caused by the same, comprising administering to a patient a therapeutically effective amount of a compound represented by the general formula (I), which is pharmaceutically acceptable a salt or a hydrate or solvate thereof.
  • a compound represented by the general formula (I) which is pharmaceutically acceptable a salt or a hydrate or solvate thereof.
  • the diabetes of the present invention includes insulin-dependent diabetes (type I diabetes) or non-diabetes Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (type II diabetes).
  • the compound of the formula (I) has the structure of the formula (II):
  • X is -(CR 5 R 6 ) n -, O, S or N;
  • R 1 and R 2 are each independently selected from H, -C 1 -C 6 alkyl, -OC 1 -C 6 alkyl, halogen, -C 2 -C 6 alkenyl, -C 2 -C 6 alkynyl, -C 3 -C 6 cycloalkyl, -OC 3 -C 6 cycloalkyl, -C 1 -C 6 haloalkyl, -SC 1 -C 6 alkyl, -OH, -SH, -NO 2 , -CN , -SO-C 1 -C 6 alkyl, -SO-C 3 -C 6 cycloalkyl, -SO-aryl, -SO-heteroaryl, -SO 2 -C 1 -C 6 alkyl, - SO 2 -C 3 -C 6 cycloalkyl, -SO 2 -aryl, -SO 2 -haloaryl, -COH, -CO
  • R 3 and R 4 are each independently selected from H, -C 1 -C 6 alkyl, -OC 1 -C 6 alkyl, -OH, -SH, -NH 2 , halogen or R 3 , R 4 are attached thereto The carbon atoms are cyclized together to form a cycloalkyl or heterocycloalkyl group;
  • R 5 and R 6 are each independently selected from H, -C 1 -C 6 alkyl, -OC 1 -C 6 alkyl, halogen, -C 3 -C 6 cycloalkyl, -OC 3 -C 6 naphthenic a group, -C 1 -C 6 haloalkyl, -SC 1 -C 6 alkyl, -OH, -SH or R 5 , R 6 together with the attached carbon atom
  • Ring A is an aryl, heteroaryl or heterocycloalkyl group substituted by R 9 ;
  • R 9 is selected from the group consisting of H, -C 1 -C 6 alkyl, -OC 1 -C 6 alkyl, halogen, -OC 3 -C 6 cycloalkyl, -O-5-7 heterocycloalkyl, -C 1- C 6 haloalkyl, -OC 1 -C 6 haloalkyl, -C 3 -C 6 cycloalkyl, -SC 1 -C 6 alkyl, -OH, -SH, -(CR 7 R 8 ) n - CO-NR 7 R 8 , -O-(CR 7 R 8 ) n -OC 1 -C 6 alkyl, -O-(CR 7 R 8 ) n -OC 3 -C 6 cycloalkyl, -NO 2 , -CN, -SO-C 1 -C 6 alkyl, -SO-C 3 -C 6 cycloalkyl, -SO-aryl, -
  • R 7 and R 8 are each independently selected from H, -C 1 -C 6 alkyl, -OC 1 -C 6 alkyl or halogen;
  • n 1, 2 or 3.
  • X is -(CR 5 R 6 ) n -, wherein R 5 , R 6 each independently selected from H, -C 1 -C 6 alkyl, -OC 1 -C 6 alkyl, halogen, -OH, -SH or R 5 , R 6 together with the attached carbon atom n is 1, 2 or 3.
  • X is -(CH 2 ) n - and has the following formula (III) ) means:
  • n 1, 2 or 3;
  • R 1 and R 2 are each independently selected from H, -C 1 -C 6 alkyl, -OC 1 -C 6 alkyl, halogen, -C 2 -C 6 alkenyl, -C 2 -C 6 alkynyl, -C 3 -C 6 cycloalkyl, -OC 3 -C 6 cycloalkyl, -C 1 -C 6 haloalkyl, -SC 1 -C 6 alkyl, -OH, -SH, -NO 2 , -CN , -SO-C 1 -C 6 alkyl, -SO-C 3 -C 6 cycloalkyl, -SO-aryl, -SO-heteroaryl, -SO 2 -C 1 -C 6 alkyl, - SO 2 -C 3 -C 6 cycloalkyl, -SO 2 -aryl, -SO 2 -haloaryl, -COH, -CO
  • R 3 and R 4 are each independently selected from H, -C 1 -C 6 alkyl, -OC 1 -C 6 alkyl, -OH, -SH, -NH 2 , halogen or R 3 , R 4 are attached thereto The carbon atoms are cyclized together to form a cycloalkyl or heterocycloalkyl group;
  • Ring A is an aryl, heteroaryl or heterocycloalkyl group substituted by R 9 ;
  • R 9 is selected from the group consisting of H, -C 1 -C 6 alkyl, -OC 1 -C 6 alkyl, halogen, -OC 3 -C 6 cycloalkyl, -O-5-7 heterocycloalkyl, -C 1- C 6 haloalkyl, -OC 1 -C 6 haloalkyl, -C 3 -C 6 cycloalkyl, -SC 1 -C 6 alkyl, -OH, -SH, -(CR 7 R 8 ) n - CO-NR 7 R 8 , -O-(CR 7 R 8 ) n -OC 1 -C 6 alkyl, -O-(CR 7 R 8 ) n -OC 3 -C 6 cycloalkyl, -NO 2 , -CN, -SO-C 1 -C 6 alkyl, -SO-C 3 -C 6 cycloalkyl, -SO-aryl, -
  • R 7 and R 8 are each independently selected from H, -C 1 -C 6 alkyl, -OC 1 -C 6 alkyl or halogen.
  • R 1 and R 2 are each independently selected from H, -C 1 -C 6 alkyl, -OC 1 -C 6 alkyl, halogen, -C 2 -C 6 alkenyl, -C 2 -C 6 alkynyl or -C 3 -C 6 cycloalkyl.
  • R 1 and R 2 are each independently selected from H, -C 1 - C 6 alkyl, -OC 1 -C 6 alkyl or halogen.
  • R 3 and R 4 are each independently selected from H or -C 1 -C 6 alkyl.
  • R 3 , R 4 are cyclized together with the carbon atom to be bonded to form a cycloalkane Or a heterocycloalkyl group.
  • the ring A is an aryl group substituted by R 9 and the ring 9 is selected from H, -C 1 -C 6 alkyl, -OC 1 -C 6 alkyl, halogen, -OC 3 -C 6 cycloalkyl, -O-5-7 heterocycloalkyl, -C 1 -C 6 haloalkyl , -OC 1 -C 6 haloalkyl, -C 3 -C 6 cycloalkyl, -SC 1 -C 6 alkyl, -OH, -SH, -(CR 7 R 8 ) n -CO-NR 7 R 8 , -O-(CR 7 R 8 ) n -OC 1 -C 6 alkyl, -O-(CR 7 R 8 ) n -OC 3 -C 6 cycloalkyl, -NO
  • the ring A is a phenyl group substituted by R 9 and the group R 9 is selected from H.
  • the ring A is a phenyl group substituted by R 9 and the group R 9 is selected from H , -C 1 -C 6 alkyl, -OC 1 -C 6 alkyl, halogen, -OC 3 -C 6 cycloalkyl, -O-5-7 heterocycloalkyl, -C 1 -C 6 haloalkane , -OC 1 -C 6 haloalkyl, -C 3 -C 6 cycloalkyl, -SC 1 -C 6 alkyl, -OH, -SH, -O-(CR 7 R 8 ) n -OC 1 - C 6 alkyl, -O-(CR 7 R 8 ) n -OC 3 -C 6 cycloalkyl, -NO 2 , -CN, -C 2 -C 6 alken
  • the ring A is a phenyl group substituted by R 9 and the group R 9 is selected from H , -C 1 -C 6 alkyl, -OC 1 -C 6 alkyl, halogen, -OC 3 -C 6 cycloalkyl, -O-5-7 heterocycloalkyl, -C 1 -C 6 haloalkane a group, -OC 1 -C 6 haloalkyl or -C 3 -C 6 cycloalkyl.
  • the ring A is a heteroaryl group substituted by R 9 and the ring 9 is selected from H , -C 1 -C 6 alkyl, -OC 1 -C 6 alkyl, halogen, -OC 3 -C 6 cycloalkyl, -O-5-7 heterocycloalkyl, -C 1 -C 6 haloalkane , -OC 1 -C 6 haloalkyl, -C 3 -C 6 cycloalkyl, -SC 1 -C 6 alkyl, -OH, -SH, -NO 2 , -CN, -COH, -COOH, - CO-C 1 -C 6 alkyl, -CO 2 -C 1 -C 6 alkyl, -CONH 2 or by hydrogen, halogen, -OH, -NH
  • the ring A is a thienyl or benzofuranyl group substituted by R 9 , R 9 is selected from H, -C 1 -C 6 alkyl, -OC 1 -C 6 alkyl, halogen or by hydrogen, halogen, -OH, -NH 2 , -CN, -C 1 -C 6 alkyl, -OC 1 -C 6 alkyl substituted phenyl.
  • the ring A is a thienyl group substituted by R 9 and the R 9 is selected from the group consisting of H , -C 1 -C 6 alkyl, halogen or phenyl substituted by hydrogen, halogen, -OH, -NH 2 , -CN, -C 1 -C 6 alkyl, -OC 1 -C 6 alkyl.
  • the ring A is a heterocycloalkyl group substituted by R 9 and the ring R 9 is selected from H, -C 1 -C 6 alkyl, -OC 1 -C 6 alkyl or halogen.
  • the ring A is a 2,3-dihydrobenzoyl substituted by R 9 Furanyl, 2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzodioxanyl, 1,3-benzodioxolane or 1,4-benzodioxanyl, wherein R 9 is selected from H, -C 1 -C 6 alkyl or halogen.
  • a particularly preferred compound of the formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof or a hydrate or solvate thereof includes the following:
  • the invention also provides a process for the preparation of a compound of formula (II) which comprises the steps of:
  • R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 , X, A ring is the same as defined in the above formula (II);
  • P is a trityl group, a tert-butyldimethylsilyl group or a tetrahydropyridyl group. ⁇ .
  • the basic nucleophile includes, but is not limited to, sodium ethoxide, sodium thiophenol;
  • Lewis acids include, but are not limited to, boron tribromide, boron trichloride, boron trichloride-dimethyl sulfide Ether complex, boron trifluoride-diethyl sulfide complex / ethanethiol, boron trifluoride-diethyl ether complex / dimethyl sulfide; alkyl lithium including but not limited to positive Butyllithium, sec-butyllithium; suitable acids used in the step of preparing compound (X) from compound (IX) include but not Limited to sulfuric acid, trifluoroacetic acid; palladium catalysts include, but are not limited to, palladium hydroxide, palladium on carbon.
  • the invention also provides a process for the preparation of a compound of formula (III), which comprises the steps of:
  • R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 , and A ring are the same as defined in the above formula (III), n is 1, 2 or 3; and P is trityl, tert-butyldimethyl a silyl group or a tetrahydropyranyl group; P 1 is an acetyl group or a tert-butyldimethylsilyl group;
  • Compound (XI) is hydrolyzed by diazotization to give compound (XII); protecting compound (XII) hydroxyl group to obtain compound (XIII); treating compound (XIII) with appropriate alkyllithium and reacting with compound (VII) Compound (XIV) is obtained; compound (XIV) is reacted with compound (IX) in the presence of a suitable acid to obtain compound (XV); by contact hydrogenation in the presence of a palladium catalyst or in the presence of a Lewis acid ( XV) debenzylation gives compound (XVI); hydroxy group protection of compound (XVI) gives compound (XVII); bromination compound (XVII) with a suitable brominating agent to give compound (XVIII); when compound (XX) is When, in the presence of a suitable palladium catalyst, a coupling reaction with the compound (XVIII) or when the compound (XX) is The compound (XVIII) is obtained by coupling reaction with the compound (XVIII) in the presence or absence of copper chlor
  • the alkyllithium includes, but is not limited to, n-butyllithium, sec-butyllithium; suitable acids used in the step of preparing the compound (XV) from the compound (XIV) include, but are not limited to, sulfuric acid, trifluoro Acetic acid; palladium catalysts in hydrogenation reactions include, but are not limited to, palladium hydroxide, palladium carbon; Lewis acids include, but are not limited to, boron tribromide, boron trichloride, boron trichloride-dimethyl sulfide complex, trifluoro Boron-diethyl sulfide complex/ethanethiol, boron trifluoride-diethyl ether complex/dimethyl sulfide; brominating agents include, but are not limited to, bromine, N-bromosuccinamide Amine; the palladium catalyst in the coupling reaction includes, but is not limited to, palladium acetate, palladium acetate
  • halogen means fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine or the like, preferably fluorine, chlorine, bromine, more preferably chlorine.
  • C 1 -C 6 alkyl means an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, including, but not limited to, methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, Isobutyl, sec-butyl, tert-butyl, pentyl, n-hexyl, 3-methylbutyl, 2-methylbutyl, 1-ethylpropyl, 4-methylpentyl, 3-methyl Pentyl, 2-methylpentyl, etc.; preferably methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl; the term "C 1 -C 4 alkyl” refers to an alkyl group having from 1 to 4 carbon atoms Including methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, isobutyl, sec-butyl or tert-butyl, preferably methyl, ethyl, propy
  • -OC 1 -C 6 alkyl means an alkoxy group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, including, but not limited to, methoxy, ethoxy, n-propoxy, iso Propyloxy, n-butoxy, isobutoxy, sec-butoxy, tert-butoxy, n-pentyloxy, n-hexyloxy, 3-methylbutoxy, 2-methylbutoxy, 1 Ethylpropoxy, 4-methylpentyloxy, 3-methylpentyloxy, 2-methylpentyloxy, 2-ethylbutoxy and the like.
  • "-OC 1 -C 4 alkyl” includes, but is not limited to, methoxy, ethoxy, n-propoxy, isopropoxy, n-butoxy, isobutoxy, sec-butoxy, uncle Butoxy and the like.
  • C 1 -C 6 haloalkyl means a C 1 -C 6 alkyl group, as defined herein, substituted by one or more halogens, preferably one to five halogen atoms, including but not limited to trifluoro Methyl, trifluoroethyl, difluoromethyl, 1-chloro-2fluoroethyl and the like.
  • C 1 -C 4 haloalkyl includes, but is not limited to, trifluoromethyl, trifluoroethyl, difluoromethyl, 1-chloro-2fluoroethyl, and the like.
  • -OC 1 -C 6 haloalkyl has C 1 -C 6 haloalkyl as described above, and -OC 1 -C 6 haloalkyl includes, but is not limited to, trifluoromethyloxy, trifluoroethyl Alkoxy group, difluoromethyloxy group, 1-chloro-2fluoroethyloxy group and the like.
  • the -OC 1 -C 4 haloalkyl group includes, but is not limited to, a trifluoromethyloxy group, a trifluoroethyloxy group, a difluoromethyloxy group, a 1-chloro-2fluoroethyloxy group, and the like.
  • -SC 1 -C 6 alkyl has C 1 -C 6 alkyl as described above, and -SC 1 -C 6 alkyl includes, but is not limited to, methylthio, ethylthio, n-propyl.
  • -CO-C 1 -C 6 alkyl has C 1 -C 6 alkyl as described above, and -CO-C 1 -C 6 alkyl includes, but is not limited to, acetyl, n-propionyl. ,isopropionyl, n-butyryl, isobutyryl, sec-butyryl, tert-butanoyl, n-pentanoyl, 3-methylpentanoyl, 2-methylpentanoyl, 2-ethylbutanoyl, n-hexanoyl, 5 -methylhexanoyl, 4-methylhexanoyl, 3-methylhexanoyl, and the like.
  • -CO 2 -C 1 -C 6 alkyl wherein C 1 -C 6 alkyl is as described above, -CO 2 -C 1 -C 6 alkyl includes, but is not limited to, methoxycarbonyl , ethoxycarbonyl, n-propoxycarbonyl, isopropoxycarbonyl, n-butoxycarbonyl, isobutoxycarbonyl, sec-butoxycarbonyl, tert-butoxycarbonyl, n-pentyloxycarbonyl, n-hexyloxy Carbocarbonyl, 3-methylbutoxycarbonyl, 2-methylbutoxycarbonyl, 1-ethylpropoxycarbonyl, 4-methylpentyloxycarbonyl, 3-methylpentyloxycarbonyl, 2- Methyl pentyloxycarbonyl, 2-ethylbutoxycarbonyl, and the like.
  • -SO-C 1 -C 6 alkyl has a C 1 -C 6 alkyl group as described above, and -SO-C 1 -C 6 alkyl group includes, but is not limited to, methylsulfinyl group, Ethylsulfinyl, n-propylsulfinyl, isopropylsulfinyl, n-butylsulfinyl, isobutylsulfinyl, sec-butylsulfinyl, tert-butylsulfinyl, n-pentyl Thiazinyl, 3-methylbutylsulfinyl, 2-methylbutylsulfinyl, 1-ethylpropylsulfinyl, n-hexylsulfinyl, 4-methylpentylsulfinyl 3-methylpentylsulfinyl, 2-methylpentyl
  • -SO 2 -C 1 -C 6 alkyl has C 1 -C 6 alkyl as described above, and -SO 2 -C 1 -C 6 alkyl includes, but is not limited to, methylsulfonyl, Ethylsulfonyl, n-propylsulfonyl, isopropylsulfonyl, n-butylsulfonyl, isobutylsulfonyl, sec-butylsulfonyl, tert-butylsulfonyl, n-pentylsulfonyl, 3-methyl Butylsulfonyl, 2-methylbutylsulfonyl, 1-ethylpropylsulfonyl, n-hexylsulfonyl, 4-methylpentylsulfonyl, 3-methylpentylsulfonyl, 2-methyl Penty
  • the C 1 -C 6 alkyl group in the alkyl group is as described above.
  • an alkenyl group means a monovalent group derived from a hydrocarbon group
  • C 2 -C 6 alkenyl group means an alkenyl group having 2 to 6 carbon atoms and having at least one carbon-carbon double bond, including However, it is not limited to vinyl, propenyl, butenyl, 2-methyl-2-butene, 2-methyl-2-pentene and the like.
  • an alkynyl group means a monovalent group derived from a hydrocarbon group
  • C 2 -C 6 alkynyl group means an alkynyl group having 2 to 6 carbon atoms and having at least one carbon-carbon triple bond, including But not limited to, ethynyl, propynyl, 1-butynyl, 2-butynyl and the like.
  • cycloalkyl means a monovalent group derived from a monocyclic or polycyclic saturated or partially unsaturated aliphatic carbocyclic cyclic compound, for example, a C 3 -C 8 cycloalkyl group includes but not Limited to cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl, cyclooctyl, cyclooctenyl, cyclopropenyl, cyclobutenyl, cyclopentenyl, cyclohexenyl, cycloheptane alkenyl, and C 9 ⁇ C 12 cycloalkyl groups include but are not limited to, bicyclo [2.2.1] heptyl and bicyclo [2.2.1] octyl and the like.
  • C 3 -C 6 cycloalkyl includes, but is not limited to, cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cyclopropenyl, cyclobutenyl, cyclopentenyl, cyclohexenyl, and the like. Preference is given to cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl and cyclohexyl.
  • the term "-OC 3 -C 6 cycloalkyl” has a C 3 -C 6 cycloalkyl group as described above, and the -OC 3 -C 6 cycloalkyl group includes, but is not limited to, a cyclopropyloxy group, a ring. Butyloxy, cyclopentyloxy, cyclohexyloxy, cyclopropenyloxy, cyclobutenyloxy, cyclopentenyloxy, cyclohexenyloxy, etc., preferably cyclopropyloxy , cyclobutyloxy, cyclopentyloxy or cyclohexyloxy.
  • -SO-C 3 -C 6 cycloalkyl wherein C 3 -C 6 cycloalkyl is as described above, -SO-C 3 -C 6 cycloalkyl includes, but is not limited to, cyclopropyl. Sulfuryl, cyclobutylsulfinyl, cyclopentylsulfinyl, cyclohexylsulfinyl, cyclopropenylsulfinyl, cyclobutenylsulfinyl, cyclopentenylsulfinyl, cyclohexene Keasulfinyl and the like.
  • -SO 2 -C 3 -C 6 cycloalkyl wherein C 3 -C 6 cycloalkyl is as described above, -SO 2 -C 3 -C 6 cycloalkyl includes but is not limited to rings A propylsulfonyl group, a cyclobutylsulfonyl group, a cyclopentylsulfonyl group, a cyclohexylsulfonyl group, a cyclopropenylsulfonyl group, a cyclobutenylsulfonyl group, a cyclopentenylsulfonyl group, a cyclohexenylsulfonyl group or the like.
  • the C 3 -C 6 cycloalkyl group in the term "-O-(CR 7 R 8 ) n -OC 3 -C 6 cycloalkyl" is as described above.
  • heterocycloalkyl means a monovalent monocyclic group of a saturated or partially unsaturated but non-aromatic three to eight ring atoms, preferably a 4- to 7-membered ring, wherein 1 to 4
  • the ring heteroatoms are independently selected from O, S, N, and the remaining ring atoms are carbon, including but not limited to azetidinyl, oxetanyl, pyrrolidinyl, piperidinyl, morpholinyl, piperazinyl, Tetrahydropyranyl, pyrazolidinyl, pyrazolinyl, imidazolinyl, imidazolidinyl, [1,3]dioxolane, dihydropyridyl, tetrahydropyridyl, hexahydropyridine
  • 5-7 membered heterocycloalkyl includes, but is not limited to, oxazolinyl,
  • heterocycloalkyl means a saturated or partially unsaturated but non-aromatic monovalent fused bicyclic group of five to twelve ring atoms, preferably a 7 to 10 membered ring, wherein 1 to 4 rings
  • the heteroatoms are independently selected from O, S,
  • the 5- to 7-membered heterocycloalkyl group of the term "-O-5-7-membered heterocycloalkyl" is as defined above, and the -O-5-7-membered heterocycloalkyl group includes, but is not limited to, Wait.
  • aryl refers to an aromatic cyclic hydrocarbon group having one or more aromatic rings, fused or non-fused ring carbocyclic systems including, but not limited to, phenyl, naphthyl, tetrahydronaphthalene. a group, an indanyl group, an indenyl group and the like, preferably an aryl group having 6 to 14 carbon atoms, more preferably 6 to 10 carbon atoms, such as a phenyl group and a naphthyl group, more preferably Phenyl.
  • the aryl group in the term "-SO-aryl” is as described above, and the -SO-aryl group includes, but is not limited to, a phenylsulfinyl group, a naphthylsulfinyl group and the like, preferably a phenylsulfinyl group.
  • haloaryl refers to an aryl group, as defined herein, substituted by one or more halogens, preferably one to three halogen atoms, including but not limited to fluorophenyl, chlorophenyl, Bromophenyl, difluorophenyl, dichlorophenyl, 1-fluoro-3-chlorophenyl or 1-fluoro-4-chlorophenyl.
  • halogenated aryl group in the term "-SO 2 -haloaryl" is as described above, and -SO 2 -haloaryl includes, but is not limited to, Wait.
  • the aryl group in the term "-SO 2 -aryl" is as described above, and -SO 2 -aryl includes, but is not limited to, Wait;
  • heteroaryl means a 5- to 6-membered monocyclic heteroaryl group having 1 to 4 hetero atoms selected from N, S or O or it is thickened with a benzene ring, a pyridine ring or a pyrrole ring. Made Bicyclic heteroaryl.
  • the heteroaryl group includes, but is not limited to, furyl, thienyl, pyrrolyl, imidazolyl, pyrazolyl, thiazolyl, isothiazolyl, oxazolyl, isoxazolyl, triazolyl, tetrazolyl, thia Diazolyl, pyridyl, pyrimidinyl, pyridazinyl, pyrazinyl, benzofuranyl, benzothienyl, benzothiadiazolyl, benzothiazolyl, benzimidazolyl, fluorenyl, iso Mercapto, carbazolyl, quinolyl, isoquinolinyl, quinazolinyl, pyrrole [2,3-c]pyridinyl, pyrrole [3,2-c]pyridinyl, pyrrole [2, 3-b]pyridinyl, pyrrole [3,2-b]pyridinyl,
  • heteroaryl group in the term "-SO-heteroaryl" is as described above, and the -SO-monocyclic heteroaryl group includes, but is not limited to, Wait.
  • the invention further comprises a pharmaceutically acceptable salt of a compound of formula (I).
  • pharmaceutically acceptable salt refers to an acid addition or base addition salt of a relatively non-toxic compound of the invention.
  • the acid addition salt is a salt of the compound of the formula (I) of the present invention and a suitable inorganic or organic acid, which can be prepared during the final isolation and purification of the compound, or a purified formula (I).
  • Compounds are prepared by reacting the free base form with a suitable organic or inorganic acid.
  • Representative acid addition salts include, but are not limited to, hydrobromide, hydrochloride, sulfate, hydrogen sulfate, sulfite, acetate, oxalate, valerate, oleate, palmitic acid Salt, stearate, lunar silicate, borate, benzoate, lactate, phosphate, hydrogen phosphate, carbonate, bicarbonate, toluate, citrate, horse Acid salts, fumarates, succinates, tartrates, benzoates, methanesulfonates, p-toluenesulfonates, gluconates, lactobions and lauryl sulfonates.
  • the base addition salt is a salt of a compound of the formula (I) with a suitable inorganic or organic base, including, for example, a salt with an alkali metal, an alkaline earth metal or a quaternary ammonium cation, such as a sodium salt, a lithium salt or a potassium salt. , calcium salt, magnesium salt, tetramethyl quaternary ammonium salt, tetraethyl quaternary ammonium salt, etc.; amine salt, including salts with ammonia (NH3), primary, secondary or tertiary amines, such as methylamine salt, two Methylamine salt, trimethylamine salt, triethylamine salt, ethylamine salt and the like.
  • a salt with an alkali metal, an alkaline earth metal or a quaternary ammonium cation such as a sodium salt, a lithium salt or a potassium salt.
  • the compound represented by the formula (I) of the present invention can be administered to a mammal including a human, and can be administered orally, rectally, or gastrointestinally.
  • the compound represented by the formula (I) of the present invention a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof or a hydrate or solvate thereof can be formulated into a solid dosage form for oral administration, including, but not limited to, capsules, tablets, pills, Powders and granules, etc.
  • the compound represented by the formula (I) of the present invention a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof or a hydrate or solvate thereof is mixed as an active ingredient with at least one conventional inert excipient (or carrier), for example, Mixed with sodium citrate or dicalcium phosphate, or with the following ingredients: (1) fillers or compatibilizers, for example, starch, lactose, sucrose, glucose, mannitol, silicic acid, etc.; (2) binders, such as hydroxy Methylcellulose, alginate, gelatin, polyvinylpyrrolidone, sucrose, gum arabic, etc.; (3) humectants, for example, glycerin, etc.; (4) disintegrants such as agar, calcium carbonate, potato starch or tapioca Starch, alginic acid, certain complex silicates and sodium carbonate, etc.; (5) slow solvents, such as paraffin, etc.; (6) absorption accelerators, for example, quaternary ammoni
  • the solid dosage forms such as tablets, dragees, capsules, pills, and granules can be coated or microencapsulated with coating and shell materials such as enteric coatings and other materials known in the art. They may contain opacifying agents and the release of the active ingredient in such compositions may be released in a portion of the digestive tract in a delayed manner. Examples of embedding components that can be employed are polymeric and waxy materials.
  • the compound of the present invention or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof may also be formed into a microcapsule form with one or more of the above excipients as necessary.
  • the compound represented by the formula (I) of the present invention can be formulated into a liquid dosage form for oral administration, including, but not limited to, a pharmaceutically acceptable emulsion, a solution. , suspensions, syrups and tinctures.
  • the liquid dosage form may contain, in addition to the compound represented by the formula (I), a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof or a hydrate or solvate thereof as an active ingredient, an inert diluent conventionally employed in the art, such as water and other solvents.
  • Solvents and emulsifiers for example, ethanol, isopropanol, ethyl carbonate, ethyl acetate, propylene glycol, 1,3-butylene glycol, dimethylformamide, and oils, especially cottonseed oil, peanut oil, corn germ oil , olive oil, castor oil, sesame oil, etc. or a mixture of these substances.
  • the liquid dosage form of the invention may also contain conventional auxiliaries such as wetting Agents, emulsifiers and suspending agents, sweeteners, flavoring agents and perfumes.
  • the suspension may contain a suspending agent, for example, ethoxylated isostearyl alcohol, polyoxyethylene Sorbitol and sorbitan ester, microcrystalline cellulose, aluminum methoxide and agar, or the like, or a mixture of these and the like.
  • a suspending agent for example, ethoxylated isostearyl alcohol, polyoxyethylene Sorbitol and sorbitan ester, microcrystalline cellulose, aluminum methoxide and agar, or the like, or a mixture of these and the like.
  • the compound represented by the formula (I), a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof or a hydrate or solvate thereof of the present invention may be formulated into a dosage form for parenteral injection, including, but not limited to, physiologically acceptable sterile aqueous or An aqueous solution, dispersion, suspension or emulsion, and sterile powder for reconstitution into a sterile injectable solution or dispersion.
  • Suitable carriers, diluents, solvents or vehicles include water, ethanol, polyols, and suitable mixtures thereof.
  • the compound represented by the formula (I) of the present invention may also be formulated into a dosage form for topical administration, including, for example, ointments, powders, suppositories, drops, sprays. Agents and inhalants.
  • a compound represented by the formula (I), a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof or a hydrate or solvate thereof of the present invention as an active ingredient under sterile conditions and a physiologically acceptable carrier and optionally a preservative or buffer , or if necessary, the propellant may be mixed together.
  • the present invention also provides a pharmaceutical composition
  • a pharmaceutical composition comprising the compound represented by the formula (I) of the present invention, a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof or a hydrate or solvate thereof as an active ingredient, and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, excipient or Thinner.
  • the compound represented by the formula (I) of the present invention, a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, or a hydrate or solvate thereof is usually mixed with a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, excipient or diluent.
  • the present invention also provides a method for preventing or treating diabetes, hyperglycemia, and diabetic complications or obesity caused by the same, the diabetes comprising type I and type II diabetes, particularly type II diabetes, which includes
  • the patient in need of treatment uses a step of 0.01-50 mg/kg body weight/day of the compound represented by the formula (I), a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, or a hydrate or solvate thereof.
  • the compounds of the invention, or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, may be administered alone or in combination with other pharmaceutically acceptable therapeutic agents, particularly in combination with other anti-diabetic agents.
  • the therapeutic agents include, but are not limited to, biguanides such as metformin; thiazolidinediones such as troglitazone, rosiglitazone, pioglitazone; alpha-glucosidase inhibitors such as acarbose, Paclipodose, miglitol; sulfonylurea insulin secretagogues, such as glibenclamide, glipizide, glibenclamide, gliclazide, glimepiride; postprandial blood glucose regulation Agent Repaglinide et al; PPAR ⁇ / ⁇ double agonist; DPP-IV inhibitor; PTP1B inhibitor and the like.
  • the ingredients to be combined may be administered simultaneously or sequentially, in the form of a single preparation or in the form of separate preparations.
  • the combination includes not only combinations of the compounds of the invention and one other active agent, but also combinations of the compounds of the invention and two or more other active agents.
  • Tests have shown that the compounds of the invention have a good inhibitory effect on human SGLT-2. Moreover, the compound of the present invention can effectively promote the excretion of urine sugar, and can be used for preparing a medicament for treating diabetes.
  • the efficacy of promoting urinary glucose excretion can be determined by conventional methods, and a preferred method of evaluation is to examine the effect of the compounds of the invention on urinary glucose excretion in ICR mice.
  • the test methods were as follows: ICR mice, male, 60, 30-40 g (12 weeks old), were randomly divided into 6 groups according to body weight, 10 in each group.
  • the test compound of the present invention has a purity of 99.00% and is prepared with 0.5% MC (methylcellulose); a positive control, Tofogliflozin, having a purity of 98.7%, is prepared with 0.5% MC.
  • Oral administration was carried out in three doses of low, medium and high.
  • the blank control group was orally administered with a 0.5% MC solution. After administration, it was placed in a metabolic cage of a mouse, the administration time was recorded, and urine was collected 24 hours after administration. Calculate urine volume and measure urine sugar concentration.
  • Figure 1 is a 24-hour urine excretion value after oral administration of the compound of Example 9 in ICR mice and the positive control drug Tofogliflozin.
  • Figure 2 is a urine glucose excretion value after oral administration of the compound of Example 9 and the positive control drug Tofogliflozin in ICR mice.
  • n-BuLi n-butyllithium
  • TrO- triphenylmethoxy
  • BnO- benzyloxy
  • NBS N-bromosuccinimide
  • NEt 3 triethylamine
  • NaSEt sodium ethanethiolate
  • Ph 3 CCl triphenylchloromethane.
  • Example 1 (2'R,3'R,4'S,5'S,6'R)-7-Methyl-6-[(5-(4-fluorophenyl)thiophen-2-yl)- -3',4',5',6'-tetrahydro-6'-(hydroxymethyl)-spiro[(1,3)benzodioxan-4(2H), 2'(2H) -pyran]-3',4',5'-triol
  • Example 2 (2'R, 3'R, 4'S, 5'S, 6'R)-7-chloro-6-[(2,3-dihydrobenzofuran-5-yl)methyl ]-3',4',5',6'-tetrahydro-6'-(hydroxymethyl)-spiro[(1,3)benzodioxan-4(2H), 2'(2H)- Pyran]-3',4',5'-triol
  • the compound 4 was synthesized and obtained using the compound 4 (a) as a starting material.
  • Example 5 (2'R, 3'R, 4'S, 5'S, 6'R)-7-chloro-6-[(4-ethylphenyl)methyl]-3', 4' , 5',6'-tetrahydro-6'-(hydroxymethyl)-spiro[(1,3)benzodioxan-4(2H), 2'(2H)-pyran]-3', 4',5'-triol
  • the compound 5 was synthesized and obtained using the compound 5 (a) as a starting material.
  • Example 7 (2'R, 3'R, 4'S, 5'S, 6'R)-7-chloro-6-[(4-fluoro-phenyl)methyl]-3', 4' , 5',6'-tetrahydro-6'-(hydroxymethyl)-spiro[(1,3)benzodioxan-4(2H), 2'(2H)-pyran]-3', 4',5'-triol
  • the compound 7 was synthesized and obtained using the compound 7 (a) as a starting material.
  • Example 8 (2'R, 3'R, 4'S, 5'S, 6'R)-6-[(4-isopropylphenyl)methyl]-3', 4', 5' , 6'-Tetrahydro-6'-(hydroxymethyl)-spiro[(1,3)benzodioxan-4(2H), 2'(2H)-pyran]-3', 4',5 '-triol
  • the compound 9 was synthesized and obtained using the compound 9 (a) as a starting material.
  • Example 10 (2'R, 3'R, 4'S, 5'S, 6'R)-7-chloro-6-[(4-ethoxyphenyl)methyl]-3',4 ',5',6'-Tetrahydro-6'-(hydroxymethyl)-spiro[(1,3)benzodioxan-4(2H), 2'(2H)-pyran]-3' , 4', 5'-triol
  • Example 11 (2'R, 3'R, 4'S, 5'S, 6'R)-7-methyl-6-[(4-(S)-tetrahydrofuran-3-oxy)methyl ]-3',4',5',6'-tetrahydro-6'-(hydroxymethyl)-spiro[(1,3)benzodioxan-4(2H), 2'(2H)- Pyran]-3',4',5'-triol
  • the compound 11 was synthesized and obtained using the compound 11 (a) as a starting material.
  • Example 12 (2'R, 3'R, 4'S, 5'S, 6'R)-6-[(4-ethoxyphenyl)methyl]-3', 4', 5' , 6'-tetrahydro-6'-(hydroxymethyl)-spiro[(1,3)benzodioxan-4(2H), 2'(2H)-pyran]-3', 4', 5'-triol
  • the compound 12 was synthesized and obtained starting from the compound 12 (a).
  • the compound 13 was synthesized and obtained using the compounds 3(a) and 13(i) as starting materials.
  • Example 14 (2'R, 3'R, 4'S, 5'S, 6'R)-6-[(4-fluoro-phenyl)methyl]-3', 4', 5', 6'-Tetrahydro-6'-(hydroxymethyl)-spiro[(1,3)benzodioxan-4(2H), 2'(2H)-pyran]-3', 4',5 '-triol
  • the compound 14 was synthesized and obtained using the compounds 3(a) and 14(i) as starting materials.
  • Example 15 (2'R, 3'R, 4'S, 5'S, 6'R)-6-[(4-chloro-phenyl)methyl]-3', 4', 5', 6'-Tetrahydro-6'-(hydroxymethyl)-spiro[(1,3)benzodioxan-4(2H), 2'(2H)-pyran]-3', 4',5 '-three alcohol
  • the compound 15 was synthesized and obtained using the compounds 3 (a) and 15 (i) as starting materials.
  • Example 16 (2'R, 3'R, 4'S, 5'S, 6'R)-7-chloro-6-[(4-cyclopentyloxyphenyl)methyl]-3', 4',5',6'-tetrahydro-6'-(hydroxymethyl)-spiro[(1,3)benzodioxan-4(2H), 2'(2H)-pyran]-3 ',4',5'-triol
  • the compound 16 was synthesized and obtained using the compounds 16 (a) and 16 (i) as starting materials.
  • Example 17 (2'R, 3'R, 4'S, 5'S, 6'R)-7-chloro-6-[(4-trifluoroethoxyphenyl)methyl]-3' , 4',5',6'-tetrahydro-6'-(hydroxymethyl)-spiro[(1,3)benzodioxan-4(2H), 2'(2H)-pyran]- 3',4',5'-triol
  • the compound 17 was synthesized and obtained using the compounds 16(a) and 17(i) as starting materials.
  • Test Example 1 Inhibition of human SGLT-2 by the compound of the present invention
  • the compound of the present invention and the positive control Tofogliflozin were diluted with DMSO to a mother liquor of 20 mM at a final concentration of 100 nM and 10 nM.
  • the positive control toggelinet was prepared according to Example 1 of International Patent Application WO2006/080421 with a purity of 98.7%.
  • NIH3T3-hSGLT2 cells were seeded into 96-well plates at 40,000/well with 100 ⁇ l of medium per well. The next day, the solution was changed once, and sodium butyrate was added to the medium, and the final concentration of sodium butyrate was 2 mM. The cells were washed 3 times with 100 ⁇ l of KRH-Na+ solution, and then the cells were incubated for 30 minutes with 50 ⁇ l.
  • the compounds of the examples of the present invention have a good inhibitory effect on hSGLT2, and the inhibition rate at the same concentration is better than that of the positive control toguelt.
  • Test Example 2 Effect of the compound of the present invention on urine glucose excretion in normal ICR mice
  • mice male, 60, 30-40 g (12 weeks old), were randomly divided into 6 groups according to body weight, 10 in each group.
  • the compound of the present invention is the compound of Example 9, having a purity of 99.00%, formulated with 0.5% MC (methylcellulose), orally administered at 1 mg/kg, 3 mg/kg and 10 mg/kg; and the positive control toggeliflozin (Tofogliflozin) , prepared according to the international patent application WO2006/080421 Example 1, with a purity of 98.7%, formulated with 0.5% MC (methylcellulose), orally administered at 1 mg/kg and 3 mg/kg.
  • the blank control group was orally administered with a 0.5% MC solution, placed in a metabolic cage of the mouse after administration, and the administration time was recorded, and urine was collected 24 hours after administration. Calculate urine volume and measure urine sugar concentration.
  • the urine volume and urine sugar excretion values of each group are shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2.
  • the compounds of the examples of the present invention can promote the excretion of urine sugar, and the effect of urinary glucose excretion is stronger than that of the positive control of the same dose.

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Abstract

本发明涉及式(I)螺缩酮衍生物及其制备方法和应用,式中R1、R2、R3、R4、X以及A环的定义请见说明书。本发明衍生物是与肠或肾脏的葡萄糖再吸收有关的钠依赖性葡萄糖协同转运蛋白2(SGLT-2)抑制剂,具有良好的尿糖排泄作用,从而可用作治疗糖尿病、高血糖症、及由它们引起的糖尿病并发症或肥胖症的治疗剂。

Description

螺缩酮衍生物及其制备方法和应用 技术领域
本发明涉及一种抑制与肠或肾脏的葡萄糖再吸收有关的钠依赖性葡萄糖协同转运蛋白2(SGLT-2)活性的螺缩酮衍生物及其制备方法、含所述衍生物的药物组合物以及它们在治疗糖尿病、高血糖症、及由它们引起的糖尿病并发症或肥胖症方面的应用。
背景技术
糖尿病(Diabetes)发病率逐年升高,严重危害人类健康。在糖尿病患者中,包括了I和II(即非胰岛素依赖型)型糖尿病患者,绝大多数为II型,其特征在于胰岛素抵抗。高血糖为II型糖尿病的标志,并被认为是形成糖尿病并发症的主要危险因素。目前,作为糖尿病的治疗药,使用二甲双胍药物、磺酰脲药物、糖苷酶抑制剂、胰岛素敏感增强剂、噻唑烷二酮类药物等。但是,二甲双胍药物有乳酸酸中毒的副作用,磺酰脲药物有低血糖的副作用,糖苷酶抑制剂有腹泻的副作用,胰岛素敏感增强剂观察到有浮肿、肥胖等副作用,噻唑烷二酮类药物长期使用存在安全性问题。因此,为了解决这些问题,需要开发新型作用机制的抗糖尿病药物。
钠依赖性葡萄糖协同转运蛋白(Sodium-dependent glucose cotransporters,SGLT)是近年来发现的治疗糖尿病的新靶点,分为SGLT-1和SGLT-2两个亚型。SGLT-2主要表达于肾近端小管前S1节段中;SGLT-1分布在小肠、心脏和肾。SGLT-2吸收原尿中90%的葡萄糖,只有10%的葡萄糖是通过SGLT-1吸收回体内。SGLT-2的选择性抑制有望通过增加葡萄糖在尿中的排泄,使血糖葡萄糖正常化,由此增加胰岛素的敏感性,并延迟糖尿病并发症的发展。由于SGLT-2抑制剂不介入葡萄糖代谢,它可以作为血糖控制主流方法的补充手段。因此,期望快速开发对人SGLT-2有强力抑制活性且为新作用机制的抗糖尿病药。据认为这种药物在促进由尿排泄过量葡萄糖并因此减少体内所聚集的葡萄糖的同时,也可以对肥胖有预防或减轻作用。
从天然物质中分离得到的葡萄糖衍生物根皮苷(phlorizin,结构式如下式所示)可阻碍过剩的葡萄糖在肾脏的再吸收,促进葡萄糖的排 泄,具有降糖的作用(rossetti,L.,et al.J.Clin.Invest.,第80卷,1037页,1987年;第79卷,1510页,1987年)。后续,结构经改造开发了类似物如O-碳环基糖苷衍生物、O-杂环基糖苷衍生物、C-碳环基糖苷衍生物、C-杂环基糖苷衍生物、N-糖苷衍生物等。但是对于根皮苷类似物O-碳环基糖苷衍生物、O-杂环基糖苷衍生物来说,如进行口服,则容易因肠中存在的糖苷酶而发生水解,未变化体的吸收率低,药理作用很快消失(Ehrenkranz,J.R.,Lewis,N.G.Kahn,C.R.&Roth,J.Phlorizin:a review.Diabetes metab.Res.Revs.21,31-38(2005))。
Figure PCTCN2017072047-appb-000001
百时美施贵宝公司的国际专利申请WO01/27128公开了下列结构的SGLT-2转运蛋白抑制剂化合物,代表了治疗糖尿病及其并发症的一种方式。
Figure PCTCN2017072047-appb-000002
后续,百时美施贵宝公司的国际专利申请WO2003/099836进一步公开了一种抑制SGLT-2的化合物dapagliflozin,结构如下所示:
Figure PCTCN2017072047-appb-000003
Dapagliflozin是一种选择性较好的SGLT-2抑制剂,其对人SGLT-2的IC50为1.12nM,对人SGLT-1的IC50为1391nM(Diabetes 57:1723-1729,2008),于2014年在美国上市。具有调控糖尿、控制血糖和减轻体重的作用,副作用主要为低血糖和尿路感染。
田边三菱制药株式会社的国际专利申请WO2005/012326中公开了一种抑制SGLT-2的化合物canagliflozin,结构如下所示:
Figure PCTCN2017072047-appb-000004
Canagliflozin对人SGLT-2的IC50为2.2nM,对人SGLT-1的IC50为910nM(J.Med.Chem.,2010,53,6355-6360),通过抑制SGLT-2可使尿液中的葡萄糖含量增加,从而达到治疗作用,于2013年在美国上市。
中外制药株式会社的国际专利申请WO2006/080421中公开了一种抑制SGLT-2的化合物tofogliflozin,结构如下所示:
Figure PCTCN2017072047-appb-000005
Tofogliflozin的选择性好,对人SGLT-2的IC50为2.9nM,对人SGLT-1的IC50为8444nM(J.Med.Chem.,2012,55,7828-7840),2015年在日本上市。
国际专利申请WO2008/083200公开了如下式化合物,具有能够抑制SGLT的作用。
Figure PCTCN2017072047-appb-000006
综上所述,寻求高效的特异性SGLT-2抑制剂是当前抗糖尿病研究的一大热点。
发明内容
本发明提供如下通式(I)表示的化合物、其药学上可接受的盐或其水合物或溶剂化物:
Figure PCTCN2017072047-appb-000007
式中:
X为-(CR5R6)n-、O、S或N;
R1、R2各自独立地选自H、-C1-C6烷基、-O-C1-C6烷基、卤素、-C2-C6烯基、-C2-C6炔基、-C3-C6环烷基、-O-C3-C6环烷基、-C1-C6卤代烷基、-S-C1-C6烷基、-OH、-SH、-NO2、-CN、-SO-C1-C6烷基、-SO-C3-C6环烷基、-SO-芳基、-SO-杂芳基、-SO2-C1-C6烷基、-SO2-C3-C6环烷基、-SO2-芳基、-SO2-卤代芳基、-COH、-COOH、-CO-C1-C6烷基、-CO2-C1-C6烷基或-CONH2
R3、R4各自独立地选自H、-C1-C6烷基、-O-C1-C6烷基、-OH、-SH、-NH2、卤素或R3、R4与所相连的碳原子一起环合形成环烷基或杂环烷基;
R5、R6各自独立地选自H、-C1-C6烷基、-O-C1-C6烷基、卤素、-C3-C6 环烷基、-O-C3-C6环烷基、-C1-C6卤代烷基、-S-C1-C6烷基、-OH、-SH或R5、R6与所相连的碳原子一起形成
Figure PCTCN2017072047-appb-000008
A环为被R9取代的芳基、杂芳基或杂环烷基;
R9选自H、-C1-C6烷基、-O-C1-C6烷基、卤素、-O-C3-C6环烷基、-O-5~7元杂环烷基、-C1-C6卤代烷基、-O-C1-C6卤代烷基、-C3-C6环烷基、-S-C1-C6烷基、-OH、-SH、-(CR7R8)n-CO-NR7R8、-O-(CR7R8)n-O-C1-C6烷基、-O-(CR7R8)n-O-C3-C6环烷基、-NO2、-CN、-SO-C1-C6烷基、-SO-C3-C6环烷基、-SO-芳基、-SO-杂芳基、-SO2-C1-C6烷基、-SO2-C3-C6环烷基、-SO2-芳基、-SO2-卤代芳基、-COH、-COOH、-CO-C1-C6烷基、-CO2-C1-C6烷基、-CONH2、芳基、-C2-C6烯基、-C2-C6炔基、-NHCO-C1-C6烷基、-NHSO2-C1-C6烷基或被氢、卤素、-OH、-NH2、-CN、-COH、-COOH、-C1-C6烷基、-O-C1-C6烷基取代的苯基;
R7、R8各自独立地选自H、-C1-C6烷基、-O-C1-C6烷基或卤素;
n为1、2或3。
本发明还提供药物组合物,它含有上述本发明通式(I)表示的化合物、其药学上可接受的盐或其水合物或溶剂化物,以及药学上可接受载体。
本发明还提供药物组合物,它含有上述本发明通式(I)表示的化合物、其药学上可接受的盐或其水合物或溶剂化物,以及药学上可接受载体、赋形剂或稀释剂。
本发明还提供通式(I)表示的化合物、其药学上可接受的盐或其水合物或溶剂化物在制备抑制与肠或肾脏的葡萄糖再吸收有关的钠依赖性葡萄糖协同转运蛋白2(SGLT-2)活性的药物方面的应用。
本发明还提供通式(I)表示的化合物、其药学上可接受的盐或其水合物或溶剂化物在制备治疗糖尿病、高血糖症、及由它们引起的糖尿病并发症或肥胖症的药物中的应用。
本发明还提供预防或治疗糖尿病、高血糖症、及由它们引起的糖尿病并发症或肥胖症的方法,包括对患者给予有效治疗量的通式(I)表示的化合物、其药学上可接受的盐或其水合物或溶剂化物。
本发明所述的糖尿病包括胰岛素依赖性糖尿病(I型糖尿病)或非 胰岛素依赖性糖尿病(II型糖尿病)。
在本发明通式(I)表示的化合物、其药学上可接受的盐或其水合物或溶剂化物的一个优选实施方案中,所述式(I)化合物具有通式(II)的结构:
Figure PCTCN2017072047-appb-000009
式中,X为-(CR5R6)n-、O、S或N;
R1、R2各自独立地选自H、-C1-C6烷基、-O-C1-C6烷基、卤素、-C2-C6烯基、-C2-C6炔基、-C3-C6环烷基、-O-C3-C6环烷基、-C1-C6卤代烷基、-S-C1-C6烷基、-OH、-SH、-NO2、-CN、-SO-C1-C6烷基、-SO-C3-C6环烷基、-SO-芳基、-SO-杂芳基、-SO2-C1-C6烷基、-SO2-C3-C6环烷基、-SO2-芳基、-SO2-卤代芳基、-COH、-COOH、-CO-C1-C6烷基、-CO2-C1-C6烷基或-CONH2
R3、R4各自独立地选自H、-C1-C6烷基、-O-C1-C6烷基、-OH、-SH、-NH2、卤素或R3、R4与所相连的碳原子一起环合形成环烷基或杂环烷基;
R5、R6各自独立地选自H、-C1-C6烷基、-O-C1-C6烷基、卤素、-C3-C6环烷基、-O-C3-C6环烷基、-C1-C6卤代烷基、-S-C1-C6烷基、-OH、-SH或R5、R6与所相连的碳原子一起形成
Figure PCTCN2017072047-appb-000010
A环为被R9取代的芳基、杂芳基或杂环烷基;
R9选自H、-C1-C6烷基、-O-C1-C6烷基、卤素、-O-C3-C6环烷基、-O-5~7元杂环烷基、-C1-C6卤代烷基、-O-C1-C6卤代烷基、-C3-C6环烷基、-S-C1-C6烷基、-OH、-SH、-(CR7R8)n-CO-NR7R8、-O-(CR7R8)n-O-C1-C6烷基、-O-(CR7R8)n-O-C3-C6环烷基、-NO2、-CN、-SO-C1-C6烷基、-SO-C3-C6环烷基、-SO-芳基、-SO-杂芳基、-SO2-C1-C6烷基、-SO2-C3-C6环烷基、-SO2-芳基、-SO2-卤代芳基、-COH、-COOH、-CO-C1-C6烷基、-CO2-C1-C6烷基、-CONH2、芳基、-C2-C6烯基、-C2-C6 炔基、-NHCO-C1-C6烷基、-NHSO2-C1-C6烷基或被氢、卤素、-OH、-NH2、-CN、-COH、-COOH、-C1-C6烷基、-O-C1-C6烷基取代的苯基;
R7、R8各自独立地选自H、-C1-C6烷基、-O-C1-C6烷基或卤素;
n为1、2或3。
在本发明通式(I)表示的化合物、其药学上可接受的盐或其水合物或溶剂化物的一个优选实施方案中,X为-(CR5R6)n-,其中R5、R6各自独立地选自H、-C1-C6烷基、-O-C1-C6烷基、卤素、-OH、-SH或R5、R6与所相连的碳原子一起形成
Figure PCTCN2017072047-appb-000011
n为1、2或3。
在本发明通式(I)表示的化合物、其药学上可接受的盐或其水合物或溶剂化物的一个更优选实施方案中,X为-(CH2)n-,其结构如下式(III)表示:
Figure PCTCN2017072047-appb-000012
其中,n为1、2或3;
R1、R2各自独立地选自H、-C1-C6烷基、-O-C1-C6烷基、卤素、-C2-C6烯基、-C2-C6炔基、-C3-C6环烷基、-O-C3-C6环烷基、-C1-C6卤代烷基、-S-C1-C6烷基、-OH、-SH、-NO2、-CN、-SO-C1-C6烷基、-SO-C3-C6环烷基、-SO-芳基、-SO-杂芳基、-SO2-C1-C6烷基、-SO2-C3-C6环烷基、-SO2-芳基、-SO2-卤代芳基、-COH、-COOH、-CO-C1-C6烷基、-CO2-C1-C6烷基或-CONH2
R3、R4各自独立地选自H、-C1-C6烷基、-O-C1-C6烷基、-OH、-SH、-NH2、卤素或R3、R4与所相连的碳原子一起环合形成环烷基或杂环烷基;
A环为被R9取代的芳基、杂芳基或杂环烷基;
R9选自H、-C1-C6烷基、-O-C1-C6烷基、卤素、-O-C3-C6环烷基、-O-5~7元杂环烷基、-C1-C6卤代烷基、-O-C1-C6卤代烷基、-C3-C6环烷基、-S-C1-C6烷基、-OH、-SH、-(CR7R8)n-CO-NR7R8、 -O-(CR7R8)n-O-C1-C6烷基、-O-(CR7R8)n-O-C3-C6环烷基、-NO2、-CN、-SO-C1-C6烷基、-SO-C3-C6环烷基、-SO-芳基、-SO-杂芳基、-SO2-C1-C6烷基、-SO2-C3-C6环烷基、-SO2-芳基、-SO2-卤代芳基、-COH、-COOH、-CO-C1-C6烷基、-CO2-C1-C6烷基、-CONH2、芳基、-C2-C6烯基、-C2-C6炔基、-NHCO-C1-C6烷基、-NHSO2-C1-C6烷基或被氢、卤素、-OH、-NH2、-CN、-COH、-COOH、-C1-C6烷基、-O-C1-C6烷基取代的苯基;
R7、R8各自独立地选自H、-C1-C6烷基、-O-C1-C6烷基或卤素。
在本发明通式(I)表示的化合物、其药学上可接受的盐或其水合物或溶剂化物的一个优选实施方案中,R1、R2各自独立地选自H、-C1-C6烷基、-O-C1-C6烷基、卤素、-C2-C6烯基、-C2-C6炔基或-C3-C6环烷基。
在本发明通式(I)表示的化合物、其药学上可接受的盐或其水合物或溶剂化物的一个更优选实施方案中,R1、R2各自独立地选自H、-C1-C6烷基、-O-C1-C6烷基或卤素。
在本发明通式(I)表示的化合物、其药学上可接受的盐或其水合物或溶剂化物的一个优选实施方案中,R3、R4各自独立地选自H或-C1-C6烷基。
在本发明通式(I)表示的化合物、其药学上可接受的盐或其水合物或溶剂化物的一个优选实施方案中,R3、R4与所相连的碳原子一起环合形成环烷基或杂环烷基。
在本发明通式(I)表示的化合物、其药学上可接受的盐或其水合物或溶剂化物的一个优选实施方案中,A环为被R9取代的芳基,R9选自H、-C1-C6烷基、-O-C1-C6烷基、卤素、-O-C3-C6环烷基、-O-5~7元杂环烷基、-C1-C6卤代烷基、-O-C1-C6卤代烷基、-C3-C6环烷基、-S-C1-C6烷基、-OH、-SH、-(CR7R8)n-CO-NR7R8、-O-(CR7R8)n-O-C1-C6烷基、-O-(CR7R8)n-O-C3-C6环烷基、-NO2、-CN、-SO-C1-C6烷基、-SO-C3-C6环烷基、-SO-芳基、-SO-杂芳基、-SO2-C1-C6烷基、-SO2-C3-C6环烷基、-SO2-芳基、-SO2-卤代芳基、-COH、-COOH、-CO-C1-C6烷基、-CO2-C1-C6烷基、-CONH2、芳基、-C2-C6烯基、-C2-C6炔基、-NHCO-C1-C6烷基、-NHSO2-C1-C6烷基或被氢、卤素、-OH、-NH2、-CN、-COH、-COOH、-C1-C6烷基、-O-C1-C6烷基取代的苯基,R7、R8各自独立地选自H、-C1-C6烷基、-O-C1-C6烷基或卤素,n为1、2或3。
在本发明通式(I)表示的化合物、其药学上可接受的盐或其水合 物或溶剂化物的一个更优选实施方案中,A环为被R9取代的苯基,R9选自H、-C1-C6烷基、-O-C1-C6烷基、卤素、-O-C3-C6环烷基、-O-5~7元杂环烷基、-C1-C6卤代烷基、-O-C1-C6卤代烷基、-C3-C6环烷基、-S-C1-C6烷基、-OH、-SH、-(CR7R8)n-CO-NR7R8、-O-(CR7R8)n-O-C1-C6烷基、-O-(CR7R8)n-O-C3-C6环烷基、-NO2、-CN、-SO-C1-C6烷基、-SO-C3-C6环烷基、-SO-芳基、-SO-杂芳基、-SO2-C1-C6烷基、-SO2-C3-C6环烷基、-SO2-芳基、-SO2-卤代芳基、-COH、-COOH、-CO-C1-C6烷基、-CO2-C1-C6烷基、-CONH2、芳基、-C2-C6烯基、-C2-C6炔基、-NHCO-C1-C6烷基、-NHSO2-C1-C6烷基或被氢、卤素、-OH、-NH2、-CN、-COH、-COOH、-C1-C6烷基、-O-C1-C6烷基取代的苯基,R7、R8各自独立地选自H、-C1-C6烷基、-O-C1-C6烷基或卤素,n为1、2或3。
在本发明通式(I)表示的化合物、其药学上可接受的盐或其水合物或溶剂化物的一个更优选实施方案中,A环为被R9取代的苯基,R9选自H、-C1-C6烷基、-O-C1-C6烷基、卤素、-O-C3-C6环烷基、-O-5~7元杂环烷基、-C1-C6卤代烷基、-O-C1-C6卤代烷基、-C3-C6环烷基、-S-C1-C6烷基、-OH、-SH、-O-(CR7R8)n-O-C1-C6烷基、-O-(CR7R8)n-O-C3-C6环烷基、-NO2、-CN、-C2-C6烯基或-C2-C6炔基,R7、R8各自独立地选自H、-C1-C6烷基或卤素,n为1或2。
在本发明通式(I)表示的化合物、其药学上可接受的盐或其水合物或溶剂化物的一个更优选实施方案中,A环为被R9取代的苯基,R9选自H、-C1-C6烷基、-O-C1-C6烷基、卤素、-O-C3-C6环烷基、-O-5~7元杂环烷基、-C1-C6卤代烷基、-O-C1-C6卤代烷基或-C3-C6环烷基。
在本发明通式(I)表示的化合物、其药学上可接受的盐或其水合物或溶剂化物的一个优选实施方案中,A环为被R9取代的杂芳基,R9选自H、-C1-C6烷基、-O-C1-C6烷基、卤素、-O-C3-C6环烷基、-O-5~7元杂环烷基、-C1-C6卤代烷基、-O-C1-C6卤代烷基、-C3-C6环烷基、-S-C1-C6烷基、-OH、-SH、-NO2、-CN、-COH、-COOH、-CO-C1-C6烷基、-CO2-C1-C6烷基、-CONH2或被氢、卤素、-OH、-NH2、-CN、-COH、-COOH、-C1-C6烷基、-O-C1-C6烷基取代的苯基。
在本发明通式(I)表示的化合物、其药学上可接受的盐或其水合物或溶剂化物的一个更优选实施方案中,A环为被R9取代的噻吩基或苯并呋喃基,R9选自H、-C1-C6烷基、-O-C1-C6烷基、卤素或被氢、卤 素、-OH、-NH2、-CN、-C1-C6烷基、-O-C1-C6烷基取代的苯基。
在本发明通式(I)表示的化合物、其药学上可接受的盐或其水合物或溶剂化物的一个更优选实施方案中,A环为被R9取代的噻吩基,R9选自H、-C1-C6烷基、卤素或被氢、卤素、-OH、-NH2、-CN、-C1-C6烷基、-O-C1-C6烷基取代的苯基。
在本发明通式(I)表示的化合物、其药学上可接受的盐或其水合物或溶剂化物的一个优选实施方案中,A环为被R9取代的杂环烷基,R9选自H、-C1-C6烷基、-O-C1-C6烷基或卤素。
在本发明通式(I)表示的化合物、其药学上可接受的盐或其水合物或溶剂化物的一个更优选实施方案中,A环为被R9取代的2,3-二氢苯并呋喃基、2,3-二氢-1,4-苯并二恶烷基、1,3-苯并二氧五环或1,4-苯并二恶烷基,其中R9选自H、-C1-C6烷基或卤素。
在本发明中,具体优选的通式(I)化合物或其药学上可接受的盐或其水合物或溶剂化物,包括如下:
(2′R,3′R,4′S,5′S,6′R)-7-甲基-6-[(5-(4-氟苯)噻吩-2-基)甲基]-3′,4′,5′,6′-四氢-6′-(羟甲基)-螺[(1,3)苯并二恶烷-4(2H),2′(2H)-吡喃]-3′,4′,5′-三醇;
(2′R,3′R,4′S,5′S,6′R)-7-氯-6-[(2,3-二氢苯并呋喃-5-基)甲基]-3′,4′,5′,6′-四氢-6′-(羟甲基)-螺[(1,3)苯并二恶烷-4(2H),2′(2H)-吡喃]-3′,4′,5′-三醇;
(2′R,3′R,4′S,5′S,6′R)-6-苄基-3′,4′,5′,6′-四氢-6′-(羟甲基)-螺[(1,3)苯并二恶烷-4(2H),2′(2H)-吡喃]-3′,4′,5′-三醇;
(2′R,3′R,4′S,5′S,6′R)-7-甲基-6-[(4-异丙基苯基)甲基]-3′,4′,5′,6′-四氢-6′-(羟甲基)-螺[(1,3)苯并二恶烷-4(2H),2′(2H)-吡喃]-3′,4′,5′-三醇;
(2′R,3′R,4′S,5′S,6′R)-7-氯-6-[(4-乙基苯基)甲基]-3′,4′,5′,6′-四氢-6′-(羟甲基)-螺[(1,3)苯并二恶烷-4(2H),2′(2H)-吡喃]-3′,4′,5′-三醇;
(2′R,3′R,4′S,5′S,6′R)-7-氯-6-[(4-异丙基苯基)甲基]-3′,4′,5′,6′-四氢-6′-(羟甲基)-螺[(1,3)苯并二恶烷-4(2H),2′(2H)-吡喃]-3′,4′,5′-三醇;
(2′R,3′R,4′S,5′S,6′R)-7-氯-6-[(4-氟-苯基)甲基]-3′,4′,5′,6′-四氢-6′-(羟甲基)-螺[(1,3)苯并二恶烷-4(2H),2′(2H)-吡喃]-3′,4′,5′-三醇;
(2′R,3′R,4′S,5′S,6′R)-6-[(4-异丙基苯基)甲基]-3′,4′,5′,6′-四氢 -6′-(羟甲基)-螺[(1,3)苯并二恶烷-4(2H),2′(2H)-吡喃]-3′,4′,5′-三醇;
(2′R,3′R,4′S,5′S,6′R)-7-甲基-6-[(4-乙氧基苯基)甲基]-3′,4′,5′,6′-四氢-6′-(羟甲基)-螺[(1,3)苯并二恶烷-4(2H),2′(2H)-吡喃]-3′,4′,5′-三醇;
(2′R,3′R,4′S,5′S,6′R)-7-氯-6-[(4-乙氧基苯基)甲基]-3′,4′,5′,6′-四氢-6′-(羟甲基)-螺[(1,3)苯并二恶烷-4(2H),2′(2H)-吡喃]-3′,4′,5′-三醇;
(2′R,3′R,4′S,5′S,6′R)-7-甲基-6-[(4-(S)-四氢呋喃-3-氧基)甲基]-3′,4′,5′,6′-四氢-6′-(羟甲基)-螺[(1,3)苯并二恶烷-4(2H),2′(2H)-吡喃]-3′,4′,5′-三醇;
(2′R,3′R,4′S,5′S,6′R)-6-[(4-乙氧基苯基)甲基]-3′,4′,5′,6′-四氢-6′-(羟甲基)-螺[(1,3)苯并二恶烷-4(2H),2′(2H)-吡喃]-3′,4′,5′-三醇;
(2′R,3′R,4′S,5′S,6′R)-6-[(4-乙基苯基)甲基]-3′,4′,5′,6′-四氢-6′-(羟甲基)-螺[(1,3)苯并二恶烷-4(2H),2′(2H)-吡喃]-3′,4′,5′-三醇;
(2′R,3′R,4′S,5′S,6′R)-6-[(4-氟-苯基)甲基]-3′,4′,5′,6′-四氢-6′-(羟甲基)-螺[(1,3)苯并二恶烷-4(2H),2′(2H)-吡喃]-3′,4′,5′-三醇;
(2′R,3′R,4′S,5′S,6′R)-6-[(4-氯-苯基)甲基]-3′,4′,5′,6′-四氢-6′-(羟甲基)-螺[(1,3)苯并二恶烷-4(2H),2′(2H)-吡喃]-3′,4′,5′-三醇;
(2′R,3′R,4′S,5′S,6′R)-7-氯-6-[(4-环戊氧基苯基)甲基]-3′,4′,5′,6′-四氢-6′-(羟甲基)-螺[(1,3)苯并二恶烷-4(2H),2′(2H)-吡喃]-3′,4′,5′-三醇;
(2′R,3′R,4′S,5′S,6′R)-7-氯-6-[(4-三氟乙氧基苯基)甲基]-3′,4′,5′,6′-四氢-6′-(羟甲基)-螺[(1,3)苯并二恶烷-4(2H),2′(2H)-吡喃]-3′,4′,5′-三醇。
本发明还提供式(II)化合物的制备方法,它包括以下的步骤:
Figure PCTCN2017072047-appb-000013
式中,R1、R2、R3、R4、X、A环与上述通式(II)中定义相同;P为三苯甲基、叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷基或四氢吡喃基。
在碱性亲核试剂或路易斯酸存在下,对式(IV)进行脱甲基反应得到化合物(V);对化合物(V)进行羟基保护得到化合物(VI);用适当的烷基锂处理化合物(VI),并与化合物(VII)反应,从而得到化合物(VIII);接着在适当酸的存在下,使其与化合物(IX)反应,从而得到化合物(X);通过钯催化剂存在下的接触氢化反应或在路易斯酸存在下将化合物(X)脱苄基得到本发明式(II)化合物。另外,化合物(IV)可通过例如文献(J.Med.Chem.,第53号,第3249页,2010年)中记载的方法合成,化合物(VII)可通过例如文献(Carbohydrate.Res.,第260号,第243页,1994年)中记载的方法合成。
在上述制备方法中,碱性亲核试剂包括但不限于乙硫醇钠、苯硫酚钠;路易斯酸包括但不限于三溴化硼、三氯化硼、三氯化硼-二甲基硫醚络合物、三氟化硼-二乙基硫醚络合物/乙硫醇、三氟化硼-二乙基醚络合物/二甲基硫醚;烷基锂包括但不限于正丁基锂、仲丁基锂;由化合物(IX)制备得到化合物(X)的步骤中使用的适当的酸包括但不 限于硫酸、三氟乙酸;钯催化剂包括但不限于氢氧化钯、钯碳。
本发明还提供式(III)化合物的制备方法,它包括以下的步骤:
Figure PCTCN2017072047-appb-000014
式中,R1、R2、R3、R4、A环与上述通式(III)中定义相同,n为1、2或3;P为三苯甲基、叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷基或四氢吡喃基;P1为乙酰基或叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷基;
化合物(XI)经重氮化反应,水解得到化合物(XII);对化合物 (XII)羟基进行保护得到化合物(XIII);用适当的烷基锂处理化合物(XIII),并与化合物(VII)反应,得到化合物(XIV);在适当酸的存在下,化合物(XIV)与化合物(IX)反应,从而得到化合物(XV);通过钯催化剂存在下的接触氢化反应或在路易斯酸存在下将化合物(XV)脱苄基得到化合物(XVI);对化合物(XVI)进行羟基保护得到化合物(XVII);再用适当的溴化剂溴化化合物(XVII)得到化合物(XVIII);当化合物(XX)为
Figure PCTCN2017072047-appb-000015
时,在适当的钯催化剂存在下与化合物(XVIII)进行耦合反应或当化合物(XX)为
Figure PCTCN2017072047-appb-000016
时,在氯化铜的存在下或不存在下与化合物(XVIII)进行耦合反应得到化合物(XVIII);脱羟基保护得到本发明式(III)化合物。
在上述制备方法中,烷基锂包括但不限于正丁基锂、仲丁基锂;由化合物(XIV)制备得到化合物(XV)的步骤中使用的适当的酸包括但不限于硫酸、三氟乙酸;氢化反应中钯催化剂包括但不限于氢氧化钯、钯碳;路易斯酸包括但不限于三溴化硼、三氯化硼、三氯化硼-二甲基硫醚络合物、三氟化硼-二乙基硫醚络合物/乙硫醇、三氟化硼-二乙基醚络合物/二甲基硫醚;溴化剂包括但不限于溴、N-溴琥珀酰亚胺;耦合反应中钯催化剂包括但不限于醋酸钯、二氯化钯。
在本发明中,术语“卤素”是指氟、氯、溴、碘等,优选氟、氯、溴,更优选氯。
在本发明中,术语“C1-C6烷基”是指具有1至6个碳原子的烷基,包括,但不限于,甲基、乙基、丙基、异丙基、丁基、异丁基、仲丁基、叔丁基、戊基、正己基、3-甲基丁基、2-甲基丁基、1-乙基丙基、4-甲基戊基、3-甲基戊基、2-甲基戊基等;优选甲基、乙基、丙基、异 丙基、丁基;术语“C1-C4烷基”是指具有1至4个碳原子的烷基,包括甲基、乙基、丙基、异丙基、丁基、异丁基、仲丁基或叔丁基,优选甲基、乙基、丙基或异丙基。
在本发明中,术语“-O-C1-C6烷基”是指具有1至6个碳原子的烷氧基,包括,但不限于,甲氧基、乙氧基、正丙氧基、异丙氧基、正丁氧基、异丁氧基、仲丁氧基、叔丁氧基、正戊氧基、正己氧基、3-甲基丁氧基、2-甲基丁氧基、1-乙基丙氧基、4-甲基戊氧基、3-甲基戊氧基、2-甲基戊氧基、2-乙基丁氧基等。“-O-C1-C4烷基”包括,但不限于,甲氧基、乙氧基、正丙氧基、异丙氧基、正丁氧基、异丁氧基、仲丁氧基、叔丁氧基等。
在本发明中,术语“C1-C6卤代烷基”是指被一个或多个卤素,优选一至五个卤原子取代的如本文定义的C1-C6烷基,包括但不限于三氟甲基、三氟乙基、二氟甲基、1-氯-2氟乙基等。C1-C4卤代烷基包括但不限于三氟甲基、三氟乙基、二氟甲基、1-氯-2氟乙基等。
在本发明中,术语“-O-C1-C6卤代烷基”中C1-C6卤代烷基如上述描述,-O-C1-C6卤代烷基包括但不限于三氟甲基氧基、三氟乙基氧基、二氟甲基氧基、1-氯-2氟乙基氧基等。-O-C1-C4卤代烷基包括但不限于三氟甲基氧基、三氟乙基氧基、二氟甲基氧基、1-氯-2氟乙基氧基等。
在本发明中,术语“-S-C1-C6烷基”中C1-C6烷基如上述描述,-S-C1-C6烷基包括但不限于甲硫基、乙硫基、正丙硫基、异丙硫基、正丁硫基、异丁硫基、仲硫丁基、叔丁硫基、正戊硫基、3-甲基丁硫基、2-甲基丁硫基、1-乙基丙硫基、正己硫基、4-甲基戊硫基、3-甲基戊硫基、2-甲基戊硫基、2-乙基丁硫基等。
在本发明中,术语“-CO-C1-C6烷基”中C1-C6烷基如上述描述,-CO-C1-C6烷基包括但不限于乙酰基、正丙酰基、异丙酰基、正丁酰基、异丁酰基、仲丁酰基、叔丁酰基、正戊酰基、3-甲基戊酰基、2-甲基戊酰基、2-乙基丁酰基、正己酰基、5-甲基己酰基、4-甲基己酰基、3-甲基己酰基等。
在本发明中,术语“-CO2-C1-C6烷基”中C1-C6烷基如上述描述,-CO2-C1-C6烷基包括但不限于甲氧基羰基、乙氧基羰基、正丙氧基羰基、异丙氧基羰基、正丁氧基羰基、异丁氧基羰基、仲丁氧基羰基、叔丁氧基羰基、正戊氧基羰基、正己氧基羰基、3-甲基丁氧基羰基、2-甲基 丁氧基羰基、1-乙基丙氧基羰基、4-甲基戊氧基羰基、3-甲基戊氧基羰基、2-甲基戊氧基羰基、2-乙基丁氧基羰基等。
在本发明中,术语“-SO-C1-C6烷基”中C1-C6烷基如上述描述,-SO-C1-C6烷基包括但不限于甲基亚硫酰基、乙基亚硫酰基、正丙基亚硫酰基、异丙基亚硫酰基、正丁基亚硫酰基、异丁基亚硫酰基、仲丁基亚硫酰基、叔丁基亚硫酰基、正戊基亚硫酰基、3-甲基丁基亚硫酰基、2-甲基丁基亚硫酰基、1-乙基丙基亚硫酰基、正己基亚硫酰基、4-甲基戊基亚硫酰基、3-甲基戊基亚硫酰基、2-甲基戊基亚硫酰基、2-乙基丁基亚硫酰基等。
在本发明中,术语“-SO2-C1-C6烷基”中C1-C6烷基如上述描述,-SO2-C1-C6烷基包括但不限于甲磺酰基、乙磺酰基、正丙基磺酰基、异丙基磺酰基、正丁基磺酰基、异丁基磺酰基、仲丁基磺酰基、叔丁基磺酰基、正戊基磺酰基、3-甲基丁基磺酰基、2-甲基丁基磺酰基、1-乙基丙基磺酰基、正己基磺酰基、4-甲基戊基磺酰基、3-甲基戊基磺酰基、2-甲基戊基磺酰基、2-乙基丁基磺酰基等。
在本发明中,术语“-O-(CR7R8)n-O-C1-C6烷基”、“-NHCO-C1-C6烷基”和“-NHSO2-C1-C6烷基”中的C1-C6烷基如上述描述。
在本发明中,烯基是指烃基团衍生出的单价基,术语“C2-C6烯基”是指含有2至6个碳原子且至少含有一个碳-碳双键的烯基,包括但不限于,乙烯基、丙烯基、丁烯基、2-甲基-2-丁烯、2-甲基-2-戊烯及类似基团。
在本发明中,炔基是指烃基团衍生出的单价基,术语“C2-C6炔基”是指含有2至6个碳原子且至少含有一个碳-碳三键的炔基,包括但不限于,乙炔基、丙炔基、1-丁炔基、2-丁炔基及类似基团。
在本发明中,术语“环烷基”是指由单环或多环的饱和或部分未饱和的脂肪族碳环环状化合物衍生的单价基,例如C3~C8环烷基包括但不限于环丙基、环丁基、环戊基、环己基、环庚基、环辛基、环辛烯基、环丙烯基、环丁烯基、环戊烯基、环己烯基、环庚烯基,以及C9~C12环烷基包括但不限于双环[2.2.1]庚基及双环[2.2.1]辛基等。术语“C3-C6环烷基”包括但不限于环丙基、环丁基、环戊基、环己基、环丙烯基、环丁烯基、环戊烯基、环己烯基等,优选环丙基、环丁基、环戊基、环己基。
在本发明中,术语“-O-C3-C6环烷基”中C3-C6环烷基如上述描述,-O-C3-C6环烷基包括但不限于环丙基氧基、环丁基氧基、环戊基氧基、环己基氧基、环丙烯基氧基、环丁烯基氧基、环戊烯基氧基、环己烯基氧基等,优选环丙基氧基、环丁基氧基、环戊基氧基或环己基氧基。
在本发明中,术语“-SO-C3-C6环烷基”中C3-C6环烷基如上述描述,-SO-C3-C6环烷基包括但不限于环丙基亚硫酰基、环丁基亚硫酰基、环戊基亚硫酰基、环己基亚硫酰基、环丙烯基亚硫酰基、环丁烯基亚硫酰基、环戊烯基亚硫酰基、环己烯基亚硫酰基等。
在本发明中,术语“-SO2-C3-C6环烷基”中C3-C6环烷基如上述描述,-SO2-C3-C6环烷基包括但不限于环丙基磺酰基、环丁基磺酰基、环戊基磺酰基、环己基磺酰基、环丙烯基磺酰基、环丁烯基磺酰基、环戊烯基磺酰基、环己烯基磺酰基等。
在本发明中,术语“-O-(CR7R8)n-O-C3-C6环烷基”中C3-C6环烷基如上述描述。
在本发明中,术语“杂环烷基”是指饱和或部分不饱和的但非芳族的三至八个环原子的一价单环基团,优选4~7元环,其中1至4个环杂原子独立地选自O、S、N,其余环原子为碳,包括但不限于吖丁啶基、氧杂环丁烷基、吡咯烷基、哌啶基、吗啉基、哌嗪基、四氢吡喃基、吡唑烷基、吡唑啉基、咪唑啉基、咪唑烷基、[1,3]二氧戊环(dioxolane)、二氢吡啶基、四氢吡啶基、六氢吡啶基、噁唑啉基、噁唑烷基、异噁唑烷基、噻唑啉基、噻唑烷基、四氢噻唑基或四氢呋喃基等,术语“5~7元杂环烷基”包括但不限于吡咯烷基、哌啶基、吗啉基、哌嗪基、四氢吡喃基、吡唑烷基、吡唑啉基、咪唑啉基、咪唑烷基、[1,3]二氧戊环(dioxolane)、二氢吡啶基、四氢吡啶基、六氢吡啶基、噁唑啉基、噁唑烷基、异噁唑烷基、噻唑啉基、噻唑烷基、四氢噻唑基或四氢呋喃基等;或“杂环烷基”是指饱和或部分不饱和的但非芳族的五至十二个环原子的一价稠合二环基团,优选7~10元环,其中1至4个环杂原子独立地选自O、S、N,其余环原子为碳,包括但不限于2,3-二氢苯并呋喃基、2,3-二氢-1,4-苯并二恶烷基、1,3-苯并二氧五环、1,4-苯并二恶烷基、苯并噻二唑基、1,2,3,4-四氢异喹啉基等,优选2,3-二氢苯并呋喃基、2,3-二氢-1,4-苯并二恶烷基、1,3-苯并二氧五环或1,4-苯并二恶烷基。
在本发明中,术语“-O-5~7元杂环烷基”中5~7元杂环烷基如上述所述,-O-5~7元杂环烷基包括但不限于
Figure PCTCN2017072047-appb-000017
Figure PCTCN2017072047-appb-000018
等。
在本发明中,术语“芳基”是指芳香族环烃基,具有一或多个芳香环,稠环或非稠环的碳环系统,包括,但不限于苯基、萘基、四氢萘基、二氢茚基(indanyl)、茚基(indenyl)及类似基团,优选碳原子数为6至14个,更优选为6至10个的芳基,如苯基和萘基,更优选苯基。
在本发明中,术语“-SO-芳基”中芳基如上述描述,-SO-芳基包括但不限于苯基亚硫酰基、萘基亚硫酰基等,优选苯基亚硫酰基。
在本发明中,术语“卤代芳基”是指被一个或多个卤素,优选一至三个卤原子取代的如本文定义的芳基,包括但不限于氟代苯基、氯代苯基、溴代苯基、二氟苯基、二氯苯基、1-氟-3-氯苯基或1-氟-4-氯苯基等。
在本发明中,术语“-SO2-卤代芳基”中卤代芳基如上述描述,-SO2-卤代芳基包括但不限于
Figure PCTCN2017072047-appb-000019
Figure PCTCN2017072047-appb-000020
等。
在本发明中,术语“-SO2-芳基”中芳基如上述描述,-SO2-芳基包括但不限于
Figure PCTCN2017072047-appb-000021
等;
在本发明中,术语“杂芳基”是指含有1至4个选自N、S或O的杂原子的5至6元单环杂芳基或其与苯环、吡啶环或吡咯环稠而成的 双环式杂芳基。所述杂芳基包括但不限于呋喃基、噻吩基、吡咯基、咪唑基、吡唑基、噻唑基、异噻唑基、噁唑基、异噁唑基、三唑基、四唑基、噻二唑基、吡啶基、嘧啶基、哒嗪基、吡嗪基、苯并呋喃基、苯并噻吩基、苯并噻二唑基、苯并噻唑基、苯并咪唑基、吲哚基、异吲哚基、吲唑基、喹啉基、异喹啉基、喹唑啉基、吡咯[2,3-c]骈吡啶基、吡咯[3,2-c]骈吡啶基、吡咯[2,3-b]骈吡啶基、吡咯[3,2-b]骈吡啶基、吡咯[2,3-b]骈吡嗪基、吲哚啉-2-酮基,优选噻吩基、苯并呋喃基。
在本发明中,术语“-SO-杂芳基”中杂芳基如上述描述,-SO-单环杂芳基包括但不限于
Figure PCTCN2017072047-appb-000022
Figure PCTCN2017072047-appb-000023
等。
本发明还包含通式(I)化合物在药学上可接受的盐。术语“药学上可接受的盐”是指相对无毒的本发明化合物的酸加成盐或碱加成盐。所述酸加成盐为本发明通式(I)化合物与合适的无机酸或者有机酸形成的盐,这些盐可在化合物最后的分离和提纯过程中制备,或者是使纯化的通式(I)化合物以其游离碱形式与适宜的有机酸或无机酸进行反应来制备。代表性酸加成盐包括,但不限于,氢溴酸盐、盐酸盐、硫酸盐、硫酸氢盐、亚硫酸盐、乙酸盐、草酸盐、戊酸盐、油酸盐、棕榈酸盐、硬脂酸盐、月硅酸盐、硼酸盐、苯甲酸盐、乳酸盐、磷酸盐、磷酸氢盐、碳酸盐、碳酸氢盐、甲苯甲酸盐、柠檬酸盐、马来酸盐、富马酸盐、琥珀酸盐、酒石酸盐、苯甲酸盐、甲磺酸盐、对甲苯磺酸盐、葡萄糖酸盐、乳糖酸盐和月桂基磺酸盐等。所述碱加成盐为通式(I)化合物与合适的无机碱或者有机碱形成的盐,包括例如与碱金属、碱土金属、季铵阳离子形成的盐,例如钠盐、锂盐、钾盐、钙盐、镁盐、四甲基季铵盐、四乙基季铵盐等;胺盐,包括与氨(NH3)、伯胺、仲胺或叔胺形成的盐,如甲胺盐、二甲胺盐、三甲胺盐、三乙胺盐、乙胺盐等。
本发明的通式(I)表示的化合物、其药学上可接受的盐或其水合物或溶剂化物可给药于哺乳动物包括人,可以采用口服、直肠、肠胃 外(静脉内、肌肉内或皮下)给药、局部给药(粉剂、软膏剂或滴剂等剂型)等方式。
本发明通式(I)表示的化合物、其药学上可接受的盐或其水合物或溶剂化物可以配制为用于口服给药的固体剂型,包括,但不限于胶囊剂、片剂、丸剂、散剂和颗粒剂等。在这些固体剂型中,本发明通式(I)表示的化合物、其药学上可接受的盐或其水合物或溶剂化物作为活性成分与至少一种常规惰性赋形剂(或载体)混合,例如与柠檬酸钠或磷酸二钙,或与下述成分混合:(1)填料或增容剂,例如,淀粉、乳糖、蔗糖、葡萄糖、甘露醇和硅酸等;(2)粘合剂,例如羟甲基纤维素、藻酸盐、明胶、聚乙烯基吡咯烷酮、蔗糖和阿拉伯胶等;(3)保湿剂,例如,甘油等;(4)崩解剂,例如琼脂、碳酸钙、马铃薯淀粉或木薯淀粉、藻酸、某些复合硅酸盐和碳酸钠等;(5)缓溶剂,例如石蜡等;(6)吸收加速剂,例如,季铵化合物等;(7)润湿剂,例如鲸蜡醇和单硬脂酸甘油酯等;(8)吸附剂,例如,高岭土等;和(9)润滑剂,例如,滑石、硬脂酸钙、硬脂酸镁、固体聚乙二醇、十二烷基硫酸钠,或其混合物等。胶囊剂、片剂和丸剂中也可包含缓冲剂。
所述固体剂型如片剂、糖丸、胶囊剂、丸剂和颗粒剂可采用包衣和壳材料,例如肠溶衣和其他本领域公知的材料进行包衣或微囊化。它们可包含不透明剂,并且,这种组合物中活性成分的释放可以延迟的方式在消化道内的某一部分中释放。可采用的包埋组分的实例是聚合物质和蜡类物质。必要时,本发明化合物或其药学上可接受的盐也可与上述赋形剂中的一种或多种形成微胶囊形式。
本发明通式(I)表示的化合物、其药学上可接受的盐或其水合物或溶剂化物可以配制为用于口服给药的液体剂型,包括,但不限于药学上可接受的乳液、溶液、悬浮液、糖浆和酊剂等。除了作为活性成分的通式(I)表示的化合物、其药学上可接受的盐或其水合物或溶剂化物外,液体剂型可包含本领域中常规采用的惰性稀释剂,如水和其他溶剂,增溶剂和乳化剂,例如,乙醇、异丙醇、碳酸乙酯、乙酸乙酯、丙二醇、1,3-丁二醇、二甲基甲酰胺以及油类,特别是棉籽油、花生油、玉米胚油、橄榄油、蓖麻油和芝麻油等或这些物质的混合物等。除了这些惰性稀释剂外,本发明液体剂型也可包含常规助剂,如润湿 剂、乳化剂和悬浮剂、甜味剂、矫味剂和香料等。
除了本发明通式(I)表示的化合物、其药学上可接受的盐或其水合物或溶剂化物外,悬浮液可包含悬浮剂,例如,乙氧基化异十八烷醇、聚氧乙烯山梨醇和脱水山梨醇酯、微晶纤维素、甲醇铝和琼脂等或这些物质的混合物等。
本发明通式(I)表示的化合物、其药学上可接受的盐或其水合物或溶剂化物可以配制为用于肠胃外注射的剂型,包括,但不限于生理上可接受的无菌含水或无水溶液、分散液、悬浮液或乳液,以及用于重新溶解成无菌的可注射溶液或分散液的无菌粉末。适宜的载体、稀释剂、溶剂或赋形剂包括水、乙醇、多元醇及其适宜的混合物。
本发明通式(I)表示的化合物、其药学上可接受的盐或其水合物或溶剂化物也可以配制为用于局部给药的剂型,包括如软膏剂、散剂、栓剂、滴剂、喷射剂和吸入剂等。作为活性成分的本发明通式(I)表示的化合物、其药学上可接受的盐或其水合物或溶剂化物在无菌条件下和生理上可接受的载体及任选的防腐剂、缓冲剂,或必要时可能需要的推进剂一起混合。
本发明还提供药物组合物,它含有本发明通式(I)表示的化合物、其药学上可接受的盐或其水合物或溶剂化物作为活性成分,以及药学上可接受载体、赋形剂或稀释剂。在制备药物组合物时,通常是将本发明通式(I)表示的化合物、其药学上可接受的盐或其水合物或溶剂化物与药学上可接受载体、赋形剂或稀释剂混合。
本发明还提供了一种预防或治疗糖尿病、高血糖症、及由它们引起的糖尿病并发症或肥胖症的方法,所述糖尿病包括I性和II型糖尿病,特别是II型糖尿病,它包括给需要治疗的患者使用0.01-50mg/kg体重/天的通式(I)表示的化合物、其药学上可接受的盐或其水合物或溶剂化物的步骤。
本发明化合物或其药学上可接受的盐可以单独给药,或者与其他药学上可接受的治疗剂联合给药,特别是与其他抗糖尿病药物组合。所述治疗剂包括但不限于:双胍类药物,如二甲双胍;噻唑烷二酮类药物,如曲格列酮,罗格列酮,吡格列酮;α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制剂,如阿卡波糖,付格列波糖,米格列醇;磺酰脲类胰岛素促分泌剂,如格列本脲,格列吡嗪,格列波脲,格列齐特,格列美脲;餐后血糖调节剂 瑞格列奈等;PPARα/γ双激动剂;DPP-IV抑制剂;PTP1B抑制剂等。待组合的各成分可同时或顺序的给予,以单一制剂形式或以分开的制剂的形式给予。所述组合不仅包括本发明化合物和一种其他活性剂的组合,而且也包括本发明化合物和两种或更多种其他活性剂的组合。
试验证明,本发明化合物对人SGLT-2具有很好的抑制作用。且本发明化合物能够有效促进尿糖排泄,可用于制备治疗糖尿病的药物。
促进尿糖排泄的药效可用常规方法测定,一种优选的评价方法为检测本发明化合物对ICR小鼠尿糖排泄的影响。试验方法如下:ICR小鼠,雄性,60只,30-40g(12周龄),按体重随机分为6组,每组10只。本发明受试化合物,纯度99.00%,用0.5%MC(甲基纤维素)配制;阳性对照物托格列净(Tofogliflozin),纯度98.7%,用0.5%MC配制。按低、中、高三个剂量口服给药。空白对照组口服给药0.5%MC溶液。给药后放置于小鼠代谢笼内,记录给药时间,收集给药后24小时尿液。计算尿液容量并检测尿糖浓度。
数据以均值±标准差表示,采用Student-t test对数据进行统计学分析,p<0.05即为具有统计学差异。
附图说明
附图1是ICR小鼠口服给药实施例9化合物和阳性对照药托格列净(Tofogliflozin)后24小时尿量排泄值。
附图2是ICR小鼠口服给药实施例9化合物和阳性对照药托格列净(Tofogliflozin)后24小时尿糖量排泄值。
下面结合具体实施例,进一步阐述本发明。应理解,这些实施例仅用于举例说明本发明而不用于限制本发明的范围。下列实施例中未注明具体条件的实验方法,通常按照常规条件,或按照制造厂商所建议的条件。除非另外说明,否则份数和百分比分别为重量份和重量百分比。
在实施例中,缩写具有其本领域公知的含义,例如n-BuLi代表正丁基锂;TrO-代表三苯基甲氧基;BnO-代表苄氧基;NBS代表N-溴琥珀酰亚胺;NEt3代表三乙胺;NaSEt代表乙硫醇钠;Ph3CCl代表三苯基氯甲烷。
具体实施方式
I.本发明化合物制备实施例
实施例1:(2′R,3′R,4′S,5′S,6′R)-7-甲基-6-[(5-(4-氟苯)噻吩-2-基)甲基]-3′,4′,5′,6′-四氢-6′-(羟甲基)-螺[(1,3)苯并二恶烷-4(2H),2′(2H)-吡喃]-3′,4′,5′-三醇
Figure PCTCN2017072047-appb-000024
通过以下几个步骤制备标题化合物
1)化合物1(b)的合成:
Figure PCTCN2017072047-appb-000025
将1(a)(4g,10.2mmol)溶解于30ml二氯甲烷中,降温至-78度,缓慢加入三溴化硼(3.07g,12.3mmol),控温反应1小时,自然升至室温,加入饱和碳酸氢钠终止反应,乙酸乙酯稀释,饱和食盐水洗涤后,无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤,浓缩,得1(b)粗品黄色油状物(3.8g)。
MS(ESI):375.0[M-H]+
2)化合物1(c)的合成:
Figure PCTCN2017072047-appb-000026
将1(b)(3.8g,10mmol)溶解于50ml二氯甲烷中,依次加入三苯基氯甲烷(2.79g,10mmol),三乙胺(1.06g,10.5mmol),室温反应30min, 加水终止反应,饱和食盐水洗涤后,无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤,浓缩,乙酸乙酯重结晶,得1(c)白色粉末状固体(5.0g,80.76%)。
2)化合物1(d)的合成:
Figure PCTCN2017072047-appb-000027
在氮气流保护下,将1(c)(5.0g,8.07mmol)溶解于50ml四氢呋喃溶液中,降温至-78度,控温缓慢滴加正丁基锂的正己烷溶液(3.55ml,2.5M)。继续反应1小时后,控温缓慢滴加2,3,4,6-四苄基-D-吡喃葡萄糖酸-1,5-内酯(4.14g,8.87mmol)的四氢呋喃溶液(15ml)。控温反应1小时后,加水淬灭反应,将反应液自然升至室温。用乙酸乙酯萃取,合并有机相,经饱和食盐水洗涤,无水硫酸钠干燥后,过滤,浓缩,得淡黄色油状物1(d)粗品(8.2g),无需纯化可直接用于下一步反应。
MS(ESI):1102[M+Na]+
3)化合物1(e)的合成:
Figure PCTCN2017072047-appb-000028
将1(d)(8.2g)溶解于25ml冰乙酸中,加热至80度,依次加入多聚甲醛(0.93g,31.44mmol),浓硫酸(0.48g,5mmol),持续反应1小时后,加入乙酸钠(0.80g,10mmol)终止反应。减压浓缩溶剂,乙酸乙酯稀释,依次用饱和碳酸氢钠,水,饱和食盐水洗涤,无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤,浓缩,经柱层析(石油醚∶乙酸乙酯=10∶1),得白色油状物1(e)(2.33g,两步收率34%)。
MS(ESI):871.4[M+Na]+
4)化合物1的合成:
Figure PCTCN2017072047-appb-000029
在氮气流保护下,将1(d)(2.33g,2.74mmol),五甲基苯(6.93g,41.16mmol)溶解于50ml二氯甲烷中,降温至-78度,控温缓慢滴加三氯化硼的二氯甲烷溶液(13.7ml,1M)。继续反应4小时后,加入甲醇淬灭反应,将反应液自然升至室温,减压浓缩溶剂,乙酸乙酯稀释,依次用饱和碳酸氢钠,水,饱和食盐水洗涤,无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤,浓缩,经柱层析(二氯甲烷∶甲醇=12∶1),得化合物1(557mg,41.2%)。
1H NMR(600MHz,MeOD)δ7.53(dd,J=8.7,5.3Hz,2H),7.24(s,1H),7.10(d,J=3.5Hz,1H),7.06(t,J=8.7Hz,2H),6.74(s,1H),6.68(d,J=3.5Hz,1H),5.25(q,J=5.5Hz,2H),4.11(d,J=7.7Hz,2H),3.85(dd,J=11.7,1.6Hz,1H),3.78-3.68(m,4H),3.45(t,J=9.3Hz,1H),2.26(s,3H).
MS(ESI):489.2[M+1]+
实施例2:(2′R,3′R,4′S,5′S,6′R)-7-氯-6-[(2,3-二氢苯并呋喃-5-基)甲基]-3′,4′,5′,6′-四氢-6′-(羟甲基)-螺[(1,3)苯并二恶烷-4(2H),2′(2H)-吡喃]-3′,4′,5′-三醇
Figure PCTCN2017072047-appb-000030
通过以下几个步骤制备标题化合物
1)化合物2(b)的合成:
Figure PCTCN2017072047-appb-000031
将2(a)(2.5g,7.5mmol)溶解于10ml甲酰胺中,加入乙硫醇钠(3eq,22.5mmol)的DMF溶液(10ml),升温至90度,反应3小时,降至室温,加入稀盐酸终止反应,乙酸乙酯稀释,依次用饱和碳酸氢钠、水、饱和食盐水洗涤后,无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤,浓缩,得2(b)粗品黄色油状物(2g)。
MS(ESI):317.1[M-H]+
2)化合物2(c)的合成:
Figure PCTCN2017072047-appb-000032
将2(b)(2g,5.9mmol)溶解于50ml二氯甲烷中,依次加入三苯基氯甲烷(1.64g,5.9mmol),三乙胺(0.63g,6.2mmol),室温反应30min,加水终止反应,饱和食盐水洗涤后,无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤,浓缩,乙酸乙酯重结晶,得2(c)白色粉末状固体(3.0g,87.54%)。
3)化合物2(d)的合成:
Figure PCTCN2017072047-appb-000033
在氮气流保护下,将2(c)(3.0g,5.15mmol)溶解于30ml四氢呋喃溶液中,降温至-78度,控温缓慢滴加正丁基锂的正己烷溶液(2.27ml,2.5M)。继续反应1小时后,控温缓慢滴加2,3,4,6-四苄基-D-吡喃葡萄糖酸-1,5-内酯(3.05g,6.53mmol)的四氢呋喃溶液(15ml)。控温反应1小时后,加水淬灭反应,将反应液自然升至室温。用乙酸乙酯萃取,合并有机相,经饱和食盐水洗涤,无水硫酸钠干燥后,过滤,浓缩,得淡黄色油状物2(d)粗品(5.5g),无需纯化可直接用于下一步反应。
MS(ESI):1063[M+Na]+
4)化合物2(e)的合成:
Figure PCTCN2017072047-appb-000034
将2(d)(5.5g)溶解于25ml冰乙酸中,加热至80度,依次加入多聚甲醛(0.56g,18.83mmol),浓硫酸(0.29g,3mmol),持续反应1小时后,加入乙酸钠(0.48g,6mmol)终止反应。减压浓缩溶剂,乙酸乙酯稀释,依次用饱和碳酸氢钠,水,饱和食盐水洗涤,无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤,浓缩,经柱层析(石油醚∶乙酸乙酯=10∶1),得白色油状物2(e)(1.37g,两步收率33%)。
MS(ESI):871.4[M+Na]+
5)化合物2的合成:
Figure PCTCN2017072047-appb-000035
将2(e)(1.37g,1.69mmol)溶于乙酸乙酯(6ml)和甲醇(4ml)的混合溶液中,加入催化量的氢氧化钯(59.3mg,0.84mmol)和盐酸(2d,2M),氢气球还原反应12小时。浓缩反应液,乙酸乙酯稀释,饱和食盐水洗涤,无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤,浓缩,经柱层析(二氯甲烷∶甲醇=12∶1),得化合物2。
MS(ESI):923.2[2M+Na]+
实施例3:(2′R,3′R,4′S,5′S,6′R)-6-苄基-3′,4′,5′,6′-四氢-6′-(羟甲基)-螺[(1,3)苯并二恶烷-4(2H),2′(2H)-吡喃]-3′,4′,5′-三醇
Figure PCTCN2017072047-appb-000036
通过以下几个步骤制备标题化合物
1)化合物3(b)的合成:
Figure PCTCN2017072047-appb-000037
将3(a)(10g,45.7mmol)溶于120ml乙酸溶液中,控温20度,缓慢加入到亚硝酸钠(3.7g,53.6mmol)的浓硫酸溶液(24ml)中,继续搅拌反应1小时,将反应液加入到沸腾的80%的硫酸水溶液(25ml)中,继续煮沸反应4小时。加冰淬灭反应,乙酸乙酯萃取,水洗有机相,浓缩,减压精馏得无色油状物3(b)(5.5g,54.7%)。
2)化合物3(c)的合成:
Figure PCTCN2017072047-appb-000038
将3(b)(5.5g,29.4mmol)溶解于50ml二氯甲烷中,依次加入三苯基氯甲烷(8.2g,29.4mmol),三乙胺(3.12g,30.88mmol),室温反应30min,加水终止反应,饱和食盐水洗涤后,无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤,浓缩,乙酸乙酯重结晶,得3(c)白色粉末状固体(10.2g,80.8%)。
3)化合物3(d)的合成:
Figure PCTCN2017072047-appb-000039
在氮气流保护下,将3(c)(10.2g,23.8mmol)溶解于100ml四氢呋喃溶液中,降温至-78度,控温缓慢滴加正丁基锂的正己烷溶液(10ml,2.5M)。继续反应1小时后,控温缓慢滴加2,3,4,6-四苄基-D-吡喃葡萄糖酸-1,5-内酯(15.4g,28.5mmol)的四氢呋喃溶液(50ml)。控温反应1小时后,加水淬灭反应,将反应液自然升至室温。用乙酸乙酯萃取,合并有机相,经饱和食盐水洗涤,无水硫酸钠干燥后,过滤,浓缩,得淡黄色油状物3(d)粗品(25g),无需纯化可直接用于下一步反应。
MS(ESI):911.4[M+Na]+
4)化合物3(e)的合成:
Figure PCTCN2017072047-appb-000040
将3(d)(25g)溶解于100ml冰乙酸中,加热至80度,依次加入多聚甲醛(4.73g,157mmol),浓硫酸(2.32g,23.6mmol),持续反应1小时后,加入乙酸钠(1.94g,23.6mmol)终止反应。减压浓缩溶剂,乙酸乙酯稀释,依次用饱和碳酸氢钠,水,饱和食盐水洗涤,无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤,浓缩,经柱层析(石油醚∶乙酸乙酯=10∶1),得白色油状物3(e)(5.6g,两步收率37.8%)。
MS(ESI):681.4[M+Na]+
5)化合物3(f)的合成:
Figure PCTCN2017072047-appb-000041
将3(e)(5.6g,8.5mmol)溶于乙酸乙酯(30ml)和甲醇(20ml)的混合溶液中,加入催化量的氢氧化钯(298.44mg,0.42mmol)和盐酸(1ml,2M),氢气球还原反应12小时。浓缩反应液,乙酸乙酯稀释,饱和食盐水洗涤,无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤,浓缩,经柱层析(二氯甲烷∶甲醇=12∶1),得化合物3(f)。
MS(ESI):321.2[2M+Na]+
6)化合物3(g)的合成:
Figure PCTCN2017072047-appb-000042
将3(f)(3g,10mmol)溶于10ml吡啶中,加入乙酸酐5ml,搅拌反应12小时。浓缩反应液,乙酸乙酯稀释,依次用稀盐酸,水,饱和食盐水洗涤,无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤,浓缩,乙醇重结晶,得白色粉末固体3(g)(3.2g,68%)。
MS(ESI):389.2[M+Na]+
7)化合物3(h)的合成:
Figure PCTCN2017072047-appb-000043
将3(g)(3.2g,6.4mmol)溶于10ml乙酸乙酯中,加入NBS(N-溴琥珀酰亚胺)(2g,12.78mmol),偶氮二异丁腈(0.3g,1.92mmol),加热至回流反应1小时。依次用水,饱和食盐水洗涤,无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤,浓缩,乙醇重结晶,得白色粉末固体3(h)(2.7g,72%)。
MS(ESI):603[M+Na]+
8)化合物3(j)的合成:
Figure PCTCN2017072047-appb-000044
将3(h)(2.7g,4.95mmol)溶于25ml甲苯中,依次加入三苯基膦(65mg,0.25mmol),醋酸钯(33mg,0.15mmol),苯基硼酸3(i)(0.91g,7.4mmol)及磷酸钾(2.1g,9.9mmol),加热至80度,搅拌10小时。在反应液中加水,乙酸乙酯稀释,饱和食盐水洗涤。无水硫酸钠干燥有机相,过滤,浓缩,得白色油状物3(j)(1.8g)。
MS(ESI):565.2[M+Na]+
9)化合物3的合成:
Figure PCTCN2017072047-appb-000045
将3(j)(1.8g,3.3mmol)溶于10ml甲醇中,加入碳酸钾(0.36g,2.3mmol),在室温下搅拌1小时。乙酸乙酯稀释,用水洗,饱和食盐水洗涤,无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤,浓缩,经柱层析(二氯甲烷∶甲醇=12∶1),得化合物3(0.56g,45%)。
1H NMR(600MHz,MeOD)δ7.79(d,J=2.0Hz,1H),7.23(d,J= 8.4Hz,2H),7.17(d,J=8.4Hz,2H),7.06(dd,J=8.4,2.1Hz,1H),6.81(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),5.18(d,J=5.4Hz,1H),5.08(d,J=5.4Hz,1H),3.96(dd,J=8.8,3.3Hz,1H),3.90-3.79(m,3H),3.79-3.68(m,3H),3.64(d,J=3.3Hz,1H).
MS(ESI):397[M+Na]+
实施例4:(2′R,3′R,4′S,5′S,6′R)-7-甲基-6-[(4-异丙基苯基)甲基]-3′,4′,5′,6′-四氢-6′-(羟甲基)-螺[(1,3)苯并二恶烷-4(2H),2′(2H)-吡喃]-3′,4′,5′-三醇
Figure PCTCN2017072047-appb-000046
参照实施例1中化合物1(a)合成化合物1的操作方法,以化合物4(a)为起始原料,合成并获得化合物4。
1H NMR(400MHz,MeOD)δ7.18(s,1H),7.12(d,J=8.1Hz,2H),7.04(d,J=8.2Hz,2H),6.73(s,1H),5.27(d,J=0.9Hz,2H),3.93(s,2H),3.87(dd,J=11.5,1.7Hz,1H),3.82-3.67(m,4H),3.50-3.41(m,1H),2.90-2.81(m,1H),2.15(s,3H),1.24(s,3H),1.22(s,3H).
MS(ESI):453.2[M+Na]+
实施例5:(2′R,3′R,4′S,5′S,6′R)-7-氯-6-[(4-乙基苯基)甲基]-3′,4′,5′,6′-四氢-6′-(羟甲基)-螺[(1,3)苯并二恶烷-4(2H),2′(2H)-吡喃]-3′,4′,5′-三醇
Figure PCTCN2017072047-appb-000047
参照实施例1中化合物1(a)合成化合物1的操作方法,以化合物5(a)为起始原料,合成并获得化合物5。
1H NMR(600MHz,MeOD)δ7.32(s,1H),7.14-7.07(m,4H),6.99(s,1H),5.28(dd,J=15.2,5.5Hz,2H),4.03(q,J=15.3Hz,2H),3.85(dd,J=11.8,1.9Hz,1H),3.81-3.65(m,4H),3.49-3.41(m,1H),3.36- 3.30(m,1H),2.61(q,J=7.6Hz,2H),1.22(t,J=7.6Hz,3H).
MS(ESI):459.1[M+Na]+
实施例6:(2′R,3′R,4′S,5′S,6′R)-7-氯-6-[(4-异丙基苯基)甲基]-3′,4′,5′,6′-四氢-6′-(羟甲基)-螺[(1,3)苯并二恶烷-4(2H),2′(2H)-吡喃]-3′,4′,5′-三醇
Figure PCTCN2017072047-appb-000048
参照实施例1中化合物1(a)合成化合物1的操作方法,以化合物6(a)为起始原料,合成并获得化合物6。
1H NMR(400MHz,MeOD)δ7.33(s,1H),7.19-7.06(m,4H),6.99(s,1H),5.28(dd,J=11.7,5.5Hz,2H),4.03(q,J=15.2Hz,2H),3.86(dd,J=11.5,1.6Hz,1H),3.80-3.66(m,4H),,3.50-3.40(m,1H),2.91-2.82(m,1H),1.24(d,J=6.9Hz,6H).
MS(ESI):473.2[M+Na]+
实施例7:(2′R,3′R,4′S,5′S,6′R)-7-氯-6-[(4-氟-苯基)甲基]-3′,4′,5′,6′-四氢-6′-(羟甲基)-螺[(1,3)苯并二恶烷-4(2H),2′(2H)-吡喃]-3′,4′,5′-三醇
Figure PCTCN2017072047-appb-000049
参照实施例1中化合物1(a)合成化合物2的操作方法,以化合物7(a)为起始原料,合成并获得化合物7。
1H NMR(600MHz,MeOD)δ7.31(s,1H),7.17(dd,J=8.4,5.5Hz,2H),7.03-6.93(m,3H),5.26(dd,J=17.3,5.5Hz,2H),4.07-3.99(m,2H),3.83(dd,J=11.6,1.5Hz,1H),3.80-3.64(m,4H),3.44(t,J=9.4Hz,1H).
MS(ESI):449.1[M+Na]+
实施例8:(2′R,3′R,4′S,5′S,6′R)-6-[(4-异丙基苯基)甲基]-3′,4′,5′, 6′-四氢-6′-(羟甲基)-螺[(1,3)苯并二恶烷-4(2H),2′(2H)-吡喃]-3′,4′,5′-三醇
Figure PCTCN2017072047-appb-000050
参照实施例1中化合物1(a)合成化合物1的操作方法,以化合物8(a)为起始原料,合成并获得化合物8。
MS(ESI):439[M+Na]+
实施例9:(2′R,3′R,4′S,5′S,6′R)-7-甲基-6-[(4-乙氧基苯基)甲基]-3′,4′,5′,6′-四氢-6′-(羟甲基)-螺[(1,3)苯并二恶烷-4(2H),2′(2H)-吡喃]-3′,4′,5′-三醇
Figure PCTCN2017072047-appb-000051
参照实施例2中化合物2(a)合成化合物2的操作方法,以化合物9(a)为起始原料,合成并获得化合物9。
1H NMR(400MHz,MeOD)δ7.15(s,1H),7.02(d,J=8.7Hz,2H),6.80(d,J=8.7Hz,2H),6.72(s,1H),5.26(d,J=0.8Hz,2H),4.00(q,J=7.0Hz,2H),3.89(s,2H),3.87(dd,J=11.5,1.7Hz,1H),3.81-3.67(m,4H),3.50-3.40(m,1H),2.15(s,3H),1.37(t,J=7.0Hz,3H).
MS(ESI):433.2[M+Na]+
实施例10:(2′R,3′R,4′S,5′S,6′R)-7-氯-6-[(4-乙氧基苯基)甲基]-3′,4′,5′,6′-四氢-6′-(羟甲基)-螺[(1,3)苯并二恶烷-4(2H),2′(2H)-吡喃]-3′,4′,5′-三醇
Figure PCTCN2017072047-appb-000052
参照实施例2中化合物2(a)合成化合物2的操作方法,以化合物 10(a)为起始原料,合成并获得化合物10。
1H NMR(600MHz,MeOD)δ7.29(s,1H),7.09(d,J=8.5Hz,2H),6.98(s,1H),6.82(d,J=8.6Hz,2H),5.28(dd,J=15.0,5.5Hz,2H),4.05-3.94(m,4H),3.85(dd,J=11.7,1.6Hz,1H),3.81-3.64(m,4H),3.45(t,J=9.4Hz,1H),1.38(t,J=7.0Hz,3H).
MS(ESI):475.1[M+Na]+
实施例11:(2′R,3′R,4′S,5′S,6′R)-7-甲基-6-[(4-(S)-四氢呋喃-3-氧基)甲基]-3′,4′,5′,6′-四氢-6′-(羟甲基)-螺[(1,3)苯并二恶烷-4(2H),2′(2H)-吡喃]-3′,4′,5′-三醇
Figure PCTCN2017072047-appb-000053
参照实施例2中化合物2(a)合成化合物2的操作方法,以化合物11(a)为起始原料,合成并获得化合物11。
MS(ESI):497.2[M+Na]+
实施例12:(2′R,3′R,4′S,5′S,6′R)-6-[(4-乙氧基苯基)甲基]-3′,4′,5′,6′-四氢-6′-(羟甲基)-螺[(1,3)苯并二恶烷-4(2H),2′(2H)-吡喃]-3′,4′,5′-三醇
Figure PCTCN2017072047-appb-000054
参照实施例2中化合物2(a)合成化合物2的操作方法,以化合物12(a)为起始原料,合成并获得化合物12。
1H NMR(600MHz,MeOD)δ7.24(d,J=1.6Hz,1H),7.09(s,4H),7.06(dd,J=8.4,1.8Hz,1H),6.81(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),5.23(dd,J=12.6,5.4Hz,2H),3.87(s,2H),3.84(dd,J=11.8,1.7Hz,1H),3.79-3.69(m,4H),3.47(t,J=9.4Hz,1H),2.59(q,J=7.6Hz,2H),1.20(t,J=7.6Hz,3H).
MS(ESI):441[M+Na]+
实施例13:(2′R,3′R,4′S,5′S,6′R)-6-[(4-乙基苯基)甲基]-3′,4′,5′,6′- 四氢-6′-(羟甲基)-螺[(1,3)苯并二恶烷-4(2H),2′(2H)-吡喃]-3′,4′,5′-三醇
Figure PCTCN2017072047-appb-000055
参照实施例3中化合物3(a)、3(i)合成化合物3的操作方法,以化合物3(a)、13(i)为起始原料,合成并获得化合物13。
1H NMR(600MHz,MeOD)δ7.24(d,J=1.6Hz,1H),7.09(s,4H),7.06(dd,J=8.4,1.8Hz,1H),6.81(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),5.23(dd,J=12.6,5.4Hz,2H),3.87(s,2H),3.84(dd,J=11.8,1.7Hz,1H),3.79-3.69(m,4H),3.47(t,J=9.4Hz,1H),2.59(q,J=7.6Hz,2H),1.20(t,J=7.6Hz,3H).
MS(ESI):425[M+Na]+
实施例14:(2′R,3′R,4′S,5′S,6′R)-6-[(4-氟-苯基)甲基]-3′,4′,5′,6′-四氢-6′-(羟甲基)-螺[(1,3)苯并二恶烷-4(2H),2′(2H)-吡喃]-3′,4′,5′-三醇
Figure PCTCN2017072047-appb-000056
参照实施例3中化合物3(a)、3(i)合成化合物3的操作方法,以化合物3(a)、14(i)为起始原料,合成并获得化合物14。
1H NMR(600MHz,MeOD)δ7.23(d,J=1.8Hz,1H),7.19(dd,J=8.4,5.5Hz,2H),7.07(dd,J=8.4,2.0Hz,1H),6.97(t,J=8.8Hz,2H),6.82(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),5.23(dd,J=14.5,5.4Hz,2H),3.90(s,2H),3.83(dd,J=11.7,1.8Hz,1H),3.80-3.66(m,4H),3.45(t,J=9.4Hz,1H).
MS(ESI):414.9[M+Na]+
实施例15:(2′R,3′R,4′S,5′S,6′R)-6-[(4-氯-苯基)甲基]-3′,4′,5′,6′-四氢-6′-(羟甲基)-螺[(1,3)苯并二恶烷-4(2H),2′(2H)-吡喃]-3′,4′,5′-三 醇
Figure PCTCN2017072047-appb-000057
参照实施例3中化合物3(a)、3(i)合成化合物3的操作方法,以化合物3(a)、15(i)为起始原料,合成并获得化合物15。
1H NMR(600MHz,MeOD)δ7.24(dd,J=9.3,5.8Hz,2H),7.21-7.11(m,3H),7.07(dd,J=8.4,1.7Hz,1H),6.81(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),5.23(dd,J=12.1,5.4Hz,2H),3.91(s,2H),3.89-3.82(m,1H),3.82-3.64(m,4H),3.45(t,J=9.4Hz,1H),.
MS(ESI):430.9[M+Na]+
实施例16:(2′R,3′R,4′S,5′S,6′R)-7-氯-6-[(4-环戊氧基苯基)甲基]-3′,4′,5′,6′-四氢-6′-(羟甲基)-螺[(1,3)苯并二恶烷-4(2H),2′(2H)-吡喃]-3′,4′,5′-三醇
Figure PCTCN2017072047-appb-000058
参照实施例3中化合物3(a)、3(i)合成化合物3的操作方法,以化合物16(a)、16(i)为起始原料,合成并获得化合物16。
1H NMR(600MHz,MeOD)δ7.30(s,1H),7.08(d,J=8.0Hz,2H),6.98(s,1H),6.79(d,J=8.1Hz,2H),5.27(dd,J=16.1,5.1Hz,2H),3.99(q,J=15.3Hz,2H),3.85(d,J=11.5Hz,1H),3.80-3.65(m,4H),3.46(t,J=9.3Hz,1H),1.90(s,2H),1.80(d,J=10.7Hz,4H),1.64(s,2H).
MS(ESI):515.1[M+Na]+
实施例17:(2′R,3′R,4′S,5′S,6′R)-7-氯-6-[(4-三氟乙氧基苯基)甲基]-3′,4′,5′,6′-四氢-6′-(羟甲基)-螺[(1,3)苯并二恶烷-4(2H),2′(2H)-吡喃]-3′,4′,5′-三醇
Figure PCTCN2017072047-appb-000059
参照实施例3中化合物3(a)、3(i)合成化合物3的操作方法,以化合物16(a)、17(i)为起始原料,合成并获得化合物17。
MS(ESI):529.1[M+Na]+
II.本发明化合物活性测试实施例
测试实施例1:本发明化合物对human SGLT-2的抑制作用
本发明实施例化合物和阳性对照物托格列净(Tofogliflozin)用DMSO稀释成20mM的母液,测试终浓度为100nM和10nM。阳性对照物托格列净参照国际专利申请WO2006/080421实施例1制备得到,纯度98.7%。
96孔板加入50μl/well 0.2%的明胶,37℃备用。将NIH3T3-hSGLT2细胞接入96孔板,40000/well,每孔100μl培养基。第二天换液一次,同时培养基中加入丁酸钠,丁酸钠终浓度为2mM。KRH-Na+溶液100μl洗细胞3次,然后50μl孵育细胞30分钟。之后去掉孵育buffer,加入50μl含受试化合物的KRH-Na+溶液和10μl uptake buffer(KRH-Na+加甲基-a-D-[U-14C]吡喃葡萄糖以及1.67mM甲基-a-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷)37℃孵育1h;非特异性吸收用KRH-乙酰胆碱溶液代替KRH-Na+。100μl PBS洗3次,烘干;50μl裂解液和150μl闪烁液,盖上膜,压平,在震荡仪上振荡混匀,4℃,1200r离心5min。取出,Perkin Elmer 1450-023读数。结果分析。计算得到实施例化合物对转运活性的抑制率。结果如下表1:
表1:各化合物分别在10nM和100nM浓度下对hSGLT2的抑制率
Figure PCTCN2017072047-appb-000060
Figure PCTCN2017072047-appb-000061
结果:本发明实施例化合物对hSGLT2有较好的抑制作用,同浓度下的抑制率优于阳性对照托格列净。
测试实施例2:本发明化合物对正常ICR小鼠尿糖排出的影响
实验方法:ICR小鼠,雄性,60只,30-40g(12周龄),按体重随机分为6组,每组10只。本发明化合化合物为实施例9化合物,纯度99.00%,用0.5%MC(甲基纤维素)配制,口服给药1mg/kg、3mg/kg和10mg/kg;阳性对照物托格列净(Tofogliflozin,参照国际专利申请WO2006/080421实施例1制备得到),纯度98.7%,用0.5%MC(甲基纤维素)配制,口服给药1mg/kg和3mg/kg。空白对照组口服给药0.5%MC溶液,给药后放置于小鼠代谢笼内,记录给药时间,收集给药后24小时的尿液。计算尿液容量并检测尿糖浓度。
数据以均值±标准差表示,采用Student-t test对数据进行统计学分析,p<0.05即为具有统计学差异。
实施例9单次给药1mg/kg、3mg/kg和10mg/kg,可明显剂量依赖的提升24h内ICR小鼠的尿糖浓度、尿液体积和尿糖含量。各组尿量及尿糖排泄值见附图1和附图2。
结果:本发明实施例化合物能够促进尿糖排泄,且其促尿糖排出效果强于同等剂量处理的阳性对照托格列净。
在本文中提及的所有文献均通过引用被并入本申请中。此外还应指明的是,在阅读了本申请的上述公开内容之后,本领域技术人员可以无需背离本发明的精神和范围,对本发明作出各种修饰、改动或修改,但这些变化形式同样都应落于本申请所附权利要求书所记载的范围。

Claims (21)

  1. 如以下通式(I)表示的化合物、其药学上可接受的盐或其水合物或溶剂化物:
    Figure PCTCN2017072047-appb-100001
    式中:
    X为-(CR5R6)n-、O、S或N;
    R1、R2各自独立地选自H、-C1-C6烷基、-O-C1-C6烷基、卤素、-C2-C6烯基、-C2-C6炔基、-C3-C6环烷基、-O-C3-C6环烷基、-C1-C6卤代烷基、-S-C1-C6烷基、-OH、-SH、-NO2、-CN、-SO-C1-C6烷基、-SO-C3-C6环烷基、-SO-芳基、-SO-杂芳基、-SO2-C1-C6烷基、-SO2-C3-C6环烷基、-SO2-芳基、-SO2-卤代芳基、-COH、-COOH、-CO-C1-C6烷基、-CO2-C1-C6烷基或-CONH2
    R3、R4各自独立地选自H、-C1-C6烷基、-O-C1-C6烷基、-OH、-SH、-NH2、卤素或R3、R4与所相连的碳原子一起环合形成环烷基或杂环烷基;
    R5、R6各自独立地选自H、-C1-C6烷基、-O-C1-C6烷基、卤素、-C3-C6环烷基、-O-C3-C6环烷基、-C1-C6卤代烷基、-S-C1-C6烷基、-OH、-SH或R5、R6与所相连的碳原子一起形成
    Figure PCTCN2017072047-appb-100002
    A环为被R9取代的芳基、杂芳基或杂环烷基;
    R9选自H、-C1-C6烷基、-O-C1-C6烷基、卤素、-O-C3-C6环烷基、-O-5~7元杂环烷基、-C1-C6卤代烷基、-O-C1-C6卤代烷基、-C3-C6环烷基、-S-C1-C6烷基、-OH、-SH、-(CR7R8)n-CO-NR7R8、-O-(CR7R8)n-O-C1-C6烷基、-O-(CR7R8)n-O-C3-C6环烷基、-NO2、-CN、-SO-C1-C6烷基、-SO-C3-C6环烷基、-SO-芳基、-SO-杂芳基、-SO2-C1-C6烷基、-SO2-C3-C6环烷基、-SO2-芳基、-SO2-卤代芳基、-COH、-COOH、 -CO-C1-C6烷基、-CO2-C1-C6烷基、-CONH2、芳基、-C2-C6烯基、-C2-C6炔基、-NHCO-C1-C6烷基、-NHSO2-C1-C6烷基或被氢、卤素、-OH、-NH2、-CN、-COH、-COOH、-C1-C6烷基、-O-C1-C6烷基取代的苯基;
    R7、R8各自独立地选自H、-C1-C6烷基、-O-C1-C6烷基或卤素;
    n为1、2或3。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的化合物、其药学上可接受的盐或其水合物或溶剂化物,由式(II)表示:
    Figure PCTCN2017072047-appb-100003
    式中,X、R1、R2、R3、R4、A环如权利要求1所述。
  3. 如权利要求2所述的化合物、其药学上可接受的盐或其水合物或溶剂化物,其特征在于X为-(CR5R6)n-,其中R5、R6各自独立地选自H、-C1-C6烷基、-O-C1-C6烷基、卤素、-OH、-SH或R5、R6与所相连的碳原子一起形成
    Figure PCTCN2017072047-appb-100004
    n为1、2或3。
  4. 如权利要求3所述的化合物、其药学上可接受的盐或其水合物或溶剂化物,其特征在于X为-(CH2)n-,其结构如下式(III)表示:
    Figure PCTCN2017072047-appb-100005
    其中,n为1、2或3,R1、R2、R3、R4、A环如权利要求2所述。
  5. 如权利要求2所述的化合物、其药学上可接受的盐或其水合物或溶剂化物,其特征在于R1、R2各自独立地选自H、-C1-C6烷基、-O-C1-C6烷基、卤素、-C2-C6烯基、-C2-C6炔基或-C3-C6环烷基。
  6. 如权利要求5所述的化合物、其药学上可接受的盐或其水合物或溶剂化物,其特征在于R1、R2各自独立地选自H、-C1-C6烷基、 -O-C1-C6烷基或卤素。
  7. 如权利要求2所述的化合物、其药学上可接受的盐或其水合物或溶剂化物,其特征在于R3、R4各自独立地选自H或-C1-C6烷基。
  8. 如权利要求1-7之任一项所述的化合物、其药学上可接受的盐或其水合物或溶剂化物,其特征在于A环为被R9取代的芳基,R9选自H、-C1-C6烷基、-O-C1-C6烷基、卤素、-O-C3-C6环烷基、-O-5~7元杂环烷基、-C1-C6卤代烷基、-O-C1-C6卤代烷基、-C3-C6环烷基、-S-C1-C6烷基、-OH、-SH、-(CR7R8)n-CO-NR7R8、-O-(CR7R8)n-O-C1-C6烷基、-O-(CR7R8)n-O-C3-C6环烷基、-NO2、-CN、-SO-C1-C6烷基、-SO-C3-C6环烷基、-SO-芳基、-SO-杂芳基、-SO2-C1-C6烷基、-SO2-C3-C6环烷基、-SO2-芳基、-SO2-卤代芳基、-COH、-COOH、-CO-C1-C6烷基、-CO2-C1-C6烷基、-CONH2、芳基、-C2-C6烯基、-C2-C6炔基、-NHCO-C1-C6烷基、-NHSO2-C1-C6烷基或被氢、卤素、-OH、-NH2、-CN、-COH、-COOH、-C1-C6烷基、-O-C1-C6烷基取代的苯基,R7、R8各自独立地选自H、-C1-C6烷基、-O-C1-C6烷基或卤素,n为1、2或3。
  9. 如权利要求8所述的化合物、其药学上可接受的盐或其水合物或溶剂化物,其特征在于A环为被R9取代的苯基,R9选自H、-C1-C6烷基、-O-C1-C6烷基、卤素、-O-C3-C6环烷基、-O-5~7元杂环烷基、-C1-C6卤代烷基、-O-C1-C6卤代烷基、-C3-C6环烷基、-S-C1-C6烷基、-OH、-SH、-(CR7R8)n-CO-NR7R8、-O-(CR7R8)n-O-C1-C6烷基、-O-(CR7R8)n-O-C3-C6环烷基、-NO2、-CN、-SO-C1-C6烷基、-SO-C3-C6环烷基、-SO-芳基、-SO-杂芳基、-SO2-C1-C6烷基、-SO2-C3-C6环烷基、-SO2-芳基、-SO2-卤代芳基、-COH、-COOH、-CO-C1-C6烷基、-CO2-C1-C6烷基、-CONH2、芳基、-C2-C6烯基、-C2-C6炔基、-NHCO-C1-C6烷基、-NHSO2-C1-C6烷基或被氢、卤素、-OH、-NH2、-CN、-COH、-COOH、-C1-C6烷基、-O-C1-C6烷基取代的苯基,R7、R8各自独立地选自H、-C1-C6烷基、-O-C1-C6烷基或卤素,n为1、2或3。
  10. 如权利要求9所述的化合物、其药学上可接受的盐或其水合物或溶剂化物,其特征在于A环为被R9取代的苯基,R9选自H、-C1-C6烷基、-O-C1-C6烷基、卤素、-O-C3-C6环烷基、-O-5~7元杂环烷基、-C1-C6卤代烷基、-O-C1-C6卤代烷基、-C3-C6环烷基、-S-C1-C6烷基、-OH、-SH、-O-(CR7R8)n-O-C1-C6烷基、-O-(CR7R8)n-O-C3-C6环烷基、 -NO2、-CN、-C2-C6烯基或-C2-C6炔基,R7、R8各自独立地选自H、-C1-C6烷基或卤素,n为1或2。
  11. 如权利要求10所述的化合物、其药学上可接受的盐或其水合物或溶剂化物,其特征在于A环为被R9取代的苯基,R9选自H、-C1-C6烷基、-O-C1-C6烷基、卤素、-O-C3-C6环烷基、-O-5~7元杂环烷基、-C1-C6卤代烷基、-O-C1-C6卤代烷基或-C3-C6环烷基。
  12. 如权利要求1-7之任一项所述的化合物、其药学上可接受的盐或其水合物或溶剂化物,其特征在于A环为被R9取代的杂芳基,R9选自H、-C1-C6烷基、-O-C1-C6烷基、卤素、-O-C3-C6环烷基、-O-5~7元杂环烷基、-C1-C6卤代烷基、-O-C1-C6卤代烷基、-C3-C6环烷基、-S-C1-C6烷基、-OH、-SH、-NO2、-CN、-COH、-COOH、-CO-C1-C6烷基、-CO2-C1-C6烷基、-CONH2或被氢、卤素、-OH、-NH2、-CN、-COH、-COOH、-C1-C6烷基、-O-C1-C6烷基取代的苯基。
  13. 如权利要求12所述的化合物、其药学上可接受的盐或其水合物或溶剂化物,其特征在于A环为被R9取代的噻吩基或苯并呋喃基,R9选自H、-C1-C6烷基、-O-C1-C6烷基、卤素或被氢、卤素、-OH、-NH2、-CN、-C1-C6烷基、-O-C1-C6烷基取代的苯基。
  14. 如权利要求1-7之任一项所述的化合物、其药学上可接受的盐或其水合物或溶剂化物,其特征在于A环为被R9取代的杂环烷基,R9选自H、-C1-C6烷基、-O-C1-C6烷基或卤素。
  15. 如权利要求14所述的化合物、其药学上可接受的盐或其水合物或溶剂化物,其特征在于A环为被R9取代的2,3-二氢苯并呋喃基、2,3-二氢-1,4-苯并二恶烷基、1,3-苯并二氧五环或1,4-苯并二恶烷基,其中R9选自H、-C1-C6烷基或卤素。
  16. 如权利要求1所述的化合物、其药学上可接受的盐或其水合物或溶剂化物,所述化合物选自:
    (2′R,3′R,4′S,5′S,6′R)-7-甲基-6-[(5-(4-氟苯)噻吩-2-基)甲基]-3′,4′,5′,6′-四氢-6′-(羟甲基)-螺[(1,3)苯并二恶烷-4(2H),2′(2H)-吡喃]-3′,4′,5′-三醇;
    (2′R,3′R,4′S,5′S,6′R)-7-氯-6-[(2,3-二氢苯并呋喃-5-基)甲基]-3′,4′,5′,6′-四氢-6′-(羟甲基)-螺[(1,3)苯并二恶烷-4(2H),2′(2H)-吡喃]-3′,4′,5′-三醇;
    (2′R,3′R,4′S,5′S,6′R)-6-苄基-3′,4′,5′,6′-四氢-6′-(羟甲基)-螺[(1,3)苯并二恶烷-4(2H),2′(2H)-吡喃]-3′,4′,5′-三醇;
    (2′R,3′R,4′S,5′S,6′R)-7-甲基-6-[(4-异丙基苯基)甲基]-3′,4′,5′,6′-四氢-6′-(羟甲基)-螺[(1,3)苯并二恶烷-4(2H),2′(2H)-吡喃]-3′,4′,5′-三醇;
    (2′R,3′R,4′S,5′S,6′R)-7-氯-6-[(4-乙基苯基)甲基]-3′,4′,5′,6′-四氢-6′-(羟甲基)-螺[(1,3)苯并二恶烷-4(2H),2′(2H)-吡喃]-3′,4′,5′-三醇;
    (2′R,3′R,4′S,5′S,6′R)-7-氯-6-[(4-异丙基苯基)甲基]-3′,4′,5′,6′-四氢-6′-(羟甲基)-螺[(1,3)苯并二恶烷-4(2H),2′(2H)-吡喃]-3′,4′,5′-三醇;
    (2′R,3′R,4′S,5′S,6′R)-7-氯-6-[(4-氟-苯基)甲基]-3′,4′,5′,6′-四氢-6′-(羟甲基)-螺[(1,3)苯并二恶烷-4(2H),2′(2H)-吡喃]-3′,4′,5′-三醇;
    (2′R,3′R,4′S,5′S,6′R)-6-[(4-异丙基苯基)甲基]-3′,4′,5′,6′-四氢-6′-(羟甲基)-螺[(1,3)苯并二恶烷-4(2H),2′(2H)-吡喃]-3′,4′,5′-三醇;
    (2′R,3′R,4′S,5′S,6′R)-7-甲基-6-[(4-乙氧基苯基)甲基]-3′,4′,5′,6′-四氢-6′-(羟甲基)-螺[(1,3)苯并二恶烷-4(2H),2′(2H)-吡喃]-3′,4′,5′-三醇;
    (2′R,3′R,4′S,5′S,6′R)-7-氯-6-[(4-乙氧基苯基)甲基]-3′,4′,5′,6′-四氢-6′-(羟甲基)-螺[(1,3)苯并二恶烷-4(2H),2′(2H)-吡喃]-3′,4′,5′-三醇;
    (2′R,3′R,4′S,5′S,6′R)-7-甲基-6-[(4-(S)-四氢呋喃-3-氧基)甲基]-3′,4′,5′,6′-四氢-6′-(羟甲基)-螺[(1,3)苯并二恶烷-4(2H),2′(2H)-吡喃]-3′,4′,5′-三醇;
    (2′R,3′R,4′S,5′S,6′R)-6-[(4-乙氧基苯基)甲基]-3′,4′,5′,6′-四氢-6′-(羟甲基)-螺[(1,3)苯并二恶烷-4(2H),2′(2H)-吡喃]-3′,4′,5′-三醇;
    (2′R,3′R,4′S,5′S,6′R)-6-[(4-乙基苯基)甲基]-3′,4′,5′,6′-四氢-6′-(羟甲基)-螺[(1,3)苯并二恶烷-4(2H),2′(2H)-吡喃]-3′,4′,5′-三醇;
    (2′R,3′R,4′S,5′S,6′R)-6-[(4-氟-苯基)甲基]-3′,4′,5′,6′-四氢-6′-(羟甲基)-螺[(1,3)苯并二恶烷-4(2H),2′(2H)-吡喃]-3′,4′,5′-三醇;
    (2′R,3′R,4′S,5′S,6′R)-6-[(4-氯-苯基)甲基]-3′,4′,5′,6′-四氢-6′-(羟甲基)-螺[(1,3)苯并二恶烷-4(2H),2′(2H)-吡喃]-3′,4′,5′-三醇;
    (2′R,3′R,4′S,5′S,6′R)-7-氯-6-[(4-环戊氧基苯基)甲基]-3′,4′,5′,6′-四氢-6′-(羟甲基)-螺[(1,3)苯并二恶烷-4(2H),2′(2H)-吡喃]-3′,4′,5′-三醇;
    (2′R,3′R,4′S,5′S,6′R)-7-氯-6-[(4-三氟乙氧基苯基)甲基]-3′,4′,5′,6′-四氢-6′-(羟甲基)-螺[(1,3)苯并二恶烷-4(2H),2′(2H)-吡喃]-3′,4′,5′-三醇。
  17. 一种制备权利要求2所述的式(II)化合物的方法,它包括以下步骤:
    Figure PCTCN2017072047-appb-100006
    式中,R1、R2、R3、R4、X、A环与权利要求2中定义相同;P为三苯甲基、叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷基或四氢吡喃基;
    在碱性亲核试剂或路易斯酸存在下,对式(IV)进行脱甲基反应得到化合物(V);对化合物(V)进行羟基保护得到化合物(VI);用适当的烷基锂处理化合物(VI),并与化合物(VII)反应,从而得到化合物(VIII);接着在适当酸的存在下,使其与化合物(IX)反应,从而得到化合物(X);通过钯催化剂存在下的接触氢化反应或在路易斯酸存在下将化合物(X)脱苄基得到本发明式(II)化合物。
  18. 一种制备权利要求4所述的式(III)化合物的方法,它包括以下步骤:
    Figure PCTCN2017072047-appb-100007
    式中,R1、R2、R3、R4、A环与权利要求2中定义相同,n为1、2或3;P为三苯甲基、叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷基或四氢吡喃基;P1为乙酰基或叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷基;
    化合物(XI)经重氮化反应,水解得到化合物(XII);对化合物(XII)羟基进行保护得到化合物(XIII);用适当的烷基锂处理化合 物(XIII),并与化合物(VII)反应,得到化合物(XIV);在适当酸的存在下,化合物(XIV)与化合物(IX)反应,从而得到化合物(XV);通过钯催化剂存在下的接触氢化反应或在路易斯酸存在下将化合物(XV)脱苄基得到化合物(XVI);对化合物(XVI)进行羟基保护得到化合物(XVII);再用适当的溴化剂溴化化合物(XVII)得到化合物(XVIII);当化合物(XX)为
    Figure PCTCN2017072047-appb-100008
    时,在适当的钯催化剂存在下与化合物(XVIII)进行耦合反应或当化合物(XX)为
    Figure PCTCN2017072047-appb-100009
    时,在氯化铜的存在下或不存在下与化合物(XVIII)进行耦合反应得到化合物(XVIII);脱羟基保护得到本发明式(III)化合物。
  19. 药物组合物,它包含权利要求1-16之任一项所述的化合物、其药学上可接受的盐或其水合物或溶剂化物和药学上可接受的载体。
  20. 权利要求1-16之任一项的化合物在制备治疗糖尿病、高血糖症、及由它们引起的糖尿病并发症或肥胖症的药物中的应用。
  21. 糖尿病、高血糖症、及由它们引起的糖尿病并发症或肥胖症的预防或治疗方法,其中包括对患者给予有效治疗量的权利要求1-16之任一项所述的化合物、其药学上可接受的盐或其水合物或溶剂化物。
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