WO2017098054A2 - Procédé de fabrication d'un panneau en matériau composite à partir de constituants lignocellulosiques et de polyuréthane - Google Patents

Procédé de fabrication d'un panneau en matériau composite à partir de constituants lignocellulosiques et de polyuréthane Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017098054A2
WO2017098054A2 PCT/EP2016/080692 EP2016080692W WO2017098054A2 WO 2017098054 A2 WO2017098054 A2 WO 2017098054A2 EP 2016080692 W EP2016080692 W EP 2016080692W WO 2017098054 A2 WO2017098054 A2 WO 2017098054A2
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
layer
component
wood
composite material
polyurethane
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2016/080692
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
WO2017098054A3 (fr
Inventor
Markus ERBREICH
Gerald Neubauer
Original Assignee
Decon Wood - Hamburg Ug (Haftungsbeschränkt)
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Decon Wood - Hamburg Ug (Haftungsbeschränkt) filed Critical Decon Wood - Hamburg Ug (Haftungsbeschränkt)
Publication of WO2017098054A2 publication Critical patent/WO2017098054A2/fr
Publication of WO2017098054A3 publication Critical patent/WO2017098054A3/fr

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
    • B27N3/00—Manufacture of substantially flat articles, e.g. boards, from particles or fibres
    • B27N3/005—Manufacture of substantially flat articles, e.g. boards, from particles or fibres and foam
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
    • B27N1/00—Pretreatment of moulding material
    • B27N1/02—Mixing the material with binding agent
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B11/00—Making preforms
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
    • B27N1/00—Pretreatment of moulding material
    • B27N1/02—Mixing the material with binding agent
    • B27N1/0209—Methods, e.g. characterised by the composition of the agent
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
    • B27N3/00—Manufacture of substantially flat articles, e.g. boards, from particles or fibres
    • B27N3/02—Manufacture of substantially flat articles, e.g. boards, from particles or fibres from particles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
    • B27N3/00—Manufacture of substantially flat articles, e.g. boards, from particles or fibres
    • B27N3/04—Manufacture of substantially flat articles, e.g. boards, from particles or fibres from fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C35/00—Heating, cooling or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanising; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C35/02—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould
    • B29C35/08—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould by wave energy or particle radiation
    • B29C35/0805—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould by wave energy or particle radiation using electromagnetic radiation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C44/00—Shaping by internal pressure generated in the material, e.g. swelling or foaming ; Producing porous or cellular expanded plastics articles
    • B29C44/20—Shaping by internal pressure generated in the material, e.g. swelling or foaming ; Producing porous or cellular expanded plastics articles for articles of indefinite length
    • B29C44/22—Shaping by internal pressure generated in the material, e.g. swelling or foaming ; Producing porous or cellular expanded plastics articles for articles of indefinite length consisting of at least two parts of chemically or physically different materials, e.g. having different densities
    • B29C44/24—Making multilayered articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2075/00—Use of PU, i.e. polyureas or polyurethanes or derivatives thereof, as moulding material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2311/00—Use of natural products or their composites, not provided for in groups B29K2201/00 - B29K2309/00, as reinforcement
    • B29K2311/14—Wood, e.g. woodboard or fibreboard
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2505/00—Use of metals, their alloys or their compounds, as filler
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2511/00—Use of natural products or their composites, not provided for in groups B29K2401/00 - B29K2509/00, as filler
    • B29K2511/14—Wood, e.g. woodboard or fibreboard

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for producing a composite material plate as well as a composite material plate itself.
  • the invention relates to a method for joining a first component, in particular a composite material plate, with a second component, in particular a wall section, a floor section, a ceiling section or another composite material panel.
  • lightweight materials or composite materials is known in the wood-based panel industry.
  • cover layers may consist of thin plywood or be provided in the form of a wood-based panel, for example a medium-density fiberboard (MDF), a chipboard or a multilayer panel (OSB).
  • MDF medium-density fiberboard
  • OSB multilayer panel
  • multilayer lightweight panels are very different. Often important is the weight savings compared to comparable products or plates. Furthermore, a high mechanical strength (shear strength and flexural strength) is often required at low density. Depending on the application lightweight panels should have good insulation properties in terms of cold, heat and / or sound. In case of any moisture, it is also important that the multi-layer lightweight panel has the smallest possible swelling and shrinkage. The use or assembly of the multilayer lightweight panels is important. Desirable is generally a simple way to connect the lightweight panels with other components, such as wall sections, or to assemble the lightweight panels.
  • MDF boards medium-density wood fiber boards
  • wood fibers are usually dried, glued and sprinkled on each other and finally pressed.
  • multi-layer panels wood-based panels (e.g., OSB panels)
  • OSB panels wood-based panels
  • Object of the present invention is to propose a simple and inexpensive method for producing a composite material, wherein on the one hand, a weight savings of Kompositwerkstoffplatte opposite known from the prior art lightweight panels is achieved and at the same time a particularly high mechanical strength and good insulation properties can be achieved.
  • a method for producing a composite material plate having at least the following steps: a) combining a plurality of lignocellulose-containing components, preferably of wood, in particular wood chips and / or wood fibers and / or wood particles and / or cellulose; and
  • the composite material plate produced by the process according to the invention is in particular a lightweight building board.
  • the composite material board produced by this process may have one or more layers.
  • a multiplicity of lignocellulose-containing constituents means a large number of lignocellulose-containing constituents of one or more different raw materials.
  • wood components is also used as a synonym for lignocellulose-containing components.
  • the wood components When mixing the wood components are mixed with the polyurethane, wherein the wood components with the polyurethane does not connect directly.
  • the Compound then takes place, especially during molding. Subsequently, the cured mixture is cured (for example at room temperature or higher temperature) until the composite material plate has reached an inert state.
  • Wood particles may be any kind of smaller wood components, such as wood dust, sawdust and pulp to understand.
  • Spraying of the wood constituents with polyurethane or a material comprising polyurethane means foaming or crosslinking of the wood constituents with polyurethane or a polyurethane-containing material.
  • spraying the wood components at least a variety of wood components are sprayed, not necessarily every single wood component must be sprayed.
  • the wood components are at least partially wrapped or wetted with polyurethane or a polyurethane-containing material.
  • a composite material of wood components and polyurethane is produced.
  • the polyurethane foam or the polyurethane-containing material is set with a dropping time of 1 min up to 24 hours.
  • the composite material plate preferably has at least three layers.
  • the wood components mixed with polyurethane are applied to a first cover layer of the composite material plate to form a middle layer of the composite material plate, and a second cover layer is applied to the middle layer.
  • At least two outer layers and at least one middle layer or core layer are provided. It is also possible to produce several middle layers or core layers.
  • Each cover layer itself can also consist of several individual layers or as a single layer be educated.
  • the first cover layer is applied to a flat surface, for example a conveyor belt.
  • the first cover layer does not have to be formed completely or as a solid plate. Rather, the first cover layer, for example, consist of on a flat surface sprinkled chips, which form later, for example, after curing of the composite material, a solid cover layer.
  • the second cover layer can be formed.
  • heat is supplied before and / or during and / or after molding, with the wood components bonding to the polyurethane.
  • a heat in the range of a room temperature is provided for this purpose.
  • the mixture of wood components and polyurethane and ferrimagnetic or ferromagnetic elements could be added.
  • the polyurethane is more preferably added in multicomponent form (e.g., at least the two components polyol and isocyanate).
  • the plate is acted upon or induced by electromagnetic waves or electromagnetic field, such that the ferrimagnetic or ferromagnetic elements are set in mechanical motion, whereby the wood constituents combine with the polyurethane, whereby the polyol and Isocyanate can react to polyurethane first and then combine the wood components with the polyurethane.
  • a high strength of the composite material plate can be achieved.
  • wood components during mixing, in particular stirring and / or spraying, with polyurethane or a polyurethane-containing material with the polyurethane or the polyurethane-containing material are mixed and not only as at
  • an adhesive layer is applied to a layer of wood components, for example wood chips, a particularly homogeneous and lightweight composite material plate can be provided.
  • the ratio between wood constituents and polyurethane or polyurethane-containing material can be set differently.
  • non-load-bearing wall constructions such as partitions, or door leaves
  • small ratios of wood components to polyurethane can be selected.
  • this ratio can be chosen larger.
  • wood residues such as pulp, wood dust, sawing residues and / or cellulose can be used as wood components.
  • the wood components are fluidized before or during the mixing of the wood components with polyurethane.
  • the wood components with polyurethane or polyurethane containing material can be particularly well and evenly mixed.
  • the swirling / swirling of the wood components can be carried out by different methods. For example, mechanical methods, such as rapid rotation of a container in which the wood components are arranged, may be provided. Alternatively or additionally, the wood components could be swirled or whirled up by means of gas supply, in particular air supply.
  • the first cover layer and / or the second cover layer is formed with wood chips.
  • wood chips are in the Essence of the present invention to understand substantially elongated wood components whose length is between 100 mm and 200 mm, the width between 10 mm and 15 mm and the thickness between 0.6 mm and 0.8 mm.
  • the average size of the wood chips provided for the cover layers is many times greater than an average size of the wood components intended for the middle layer or core layer.
  • the outer layers coarse or larger wood components, especially wood chips such as OSB boards, provided.
  • small or fine wood components such as wood fibers, wood dust and / or cellulose are provided for the middle layer or core layer.
  • the sprayed wood components are applied by inflation and / or blowing and / or spraying on the first cover layer.
  • the wood components are not simply sprinkled onto the first cover layer after spraying with polyurethane or polyurethane-containing material, but sprayed or blown onto the cover layer, for example, by supplying gas, in particular air.
  • the wood components are passed through a pipe system.
  • the wood components by means of gas supply, in particular air supply, transported through a pipe, in particular be blown.
  • gas nozzles for example at one end face and / or in the wall of the tube, gas nozzles, in particular air nozzles, or openings for introducing a gas flow, in particular air flow, may be provided in the tube.
  • additional nozzles or openings may be provided in the wall of the pipe.
  • An adhesive layer may preferably be arranged between the first cover layer and the middle layer or core layer. Furthermore, an adhesive layer can preferably be arranged between the middle layer or core layer and the second cover layer.
  • the adhesive layer particularly preferably comprises polyurethane or consists of polyurethane.
  • the wood components in step al) are combined with an average moisture content of more than 6% atro, particularly preferably more than 8% atro.
  • This is to be understood as meaning the moisture before spraying with polyurethane or polyurethane-containing material or before gluing the wood constituents.
  • a multi-layer composite material plate for the middle layer or core layer forming wood components no separate drying is necessary.
  • wood constituents having a higher moisture than, for example, wood chips for the production of OSB boards can be used for the middle layer or core layer, without the composite material board later swelling or bursting in some areas during a subsequent pressing process.
  • a higher moisture content of the wood components favors in particular the foaming or wetting of the wood components themselves.
  • the wood components provided for the middle layer have a higher moisture content than the wood chips provided for the cover layers.
  • the individual layers that is, the first cover layer, the at least one middle layer or core layer and the second cover layer on each other
  • these successive layers are pressed until the composite material plate due to an expansion of the polyurethane during the pressing reaches a predetermined thickness.
  • a molding press or a press under simultaneous action with heat is particularly preferably used.
  • the polyurethane in the middle layer expands during pressing, increasing the thickness of the composite material plate.
  • Larger, flat strands can be used to create a cover layer that is characterized by a high shear strength, similar to the "classic OSB", whereby large-surface strands, such as adjacent squares, are preferably overlapped slightly into the cover layer, thus forming a final surface.
  • the shear strength is an important calculation factor for timber construction.
  • the plate can be modulated by arranging and / or adding a higher proportion of fine fibers. It is then still lighter than known from the prior art plates and can be used for the automotive sector, since the plate behaves better through the polyurethane and moisture.
  • a method for producing a multilayer composite material plate, the method having at least the following steps: a2) combining a plurality of lignocellulose-containing components, preferably of wood, of different sizes; and
  • a multiplicity of lignocellulose-containing constituents means a large number of lignocellulose-containing constituents of one or more different raw materials.
  • wood components is also used as a synonym for lignocellulose-containing ingredients.
  • a particularly uniform or homogeneous suspension of wood components of different size and a liquid, in particular water, can be produced.
  • a first layer is produced, similar to a sheet of paper, as in papermaking.
  • step a2) wood components of a first group having a first average size are combined with wood components of a second group having a second average size, the first average size being many times greater than the second average size.
  • the first group may consist of or have wood fibers and / or wood chips.
  • the second group could comprise or consist of wood fibers and / or wood dust and / or sawdust.
  • first layer further layers according to steps a2) to e2) are produced and these are arranged on top of one another.
  • the multiple layers such as the first layer, a second layer and a third layer, may together form the middle layer or core layer of the composite material plate.
  • the cover layers can also be produced according to steps a2) to e2).
  • the first layer is compressed, folded or geometrically shaped before and / or after step e2) in order to increase the stability.
  • upsetting is meant that the length and / or width of the first layer is reduced.
  • folding or shaping the first layer is a non-planar or non-planar, for example a Wavy, arrangement formed.
  • a middle layer or core layer with such an arrangement has a particularly high stability.
  • first layer In addition to the first layer, several layers arranged on top of each other could also be compressed, folded or geometrically shaped together.
  • the upsetting, folding or geometric shapes of the first layer and possibly further layers can be carried out before or after step e2). Particularly preferably, it is provided that the first layer before step e2) compressed, folded or geometrically shaped, for example, wave-shaped, is.
  • polyurethane or a polyurethane-containing material is applied to the first layer in such a way that the sections between individual sections or the intermediate spaces between the individual sections are completely filled with polyurethane or polyurethane-containing material.
  • a first cover layer and particularly preferably a second cover layer is applied or applied to the compressed, folded or geometrically shaped first layer.
  • a cover layer is applied on both sides to the compressed, folded or geometrically shaped first layer.
  • the first layer forms the middle layer or core layer and is protected on both sides by the two outer layers.
  • a cover layer By means of larger, flat strands similar to the "classic OSB" a cover layer can be created which is characterized by a high shear strength, whereby large strands, such as adjacent squares, are preferably overlapped slightly into the cover layer, thus forming a final surface.
  • the shear strength is an important calculation factor for timber construction. If the plates are to be used in the design sector, the plate can be modulated by arranging and / or adding a higher proportion of fine fibers. It is then still lighter than known from the prior art plates and can be used for the automotive sector, since the plate behaves better through the polyurethane and moisture.
  • a composite material plate is furthermore provided, wherein the composite material plate has at least two cover layers and at least one middle layer or core layer arranged between the two cover layers having.
  • the composite material plate is produced according to the invention according to one or more of the above-described methods.
  • Larger, flat strands can be used to create a cover layer that is characterized by a high shear strength, similar to the "classic OSB", whereby large-surface strands, such as adjacent squares, are preferably overlapped slightly into the cover layer, thus forming a final surface.
  • the shear strength is an important calculation factor for timber construction.
  • the plate can be modulated by arranging and / or adding a higher proportion of fine fibers. It is then still lighter than known from the prior art plates and can be used for the automotive sector, since the plate behaves better through the polyurethane and moisture.
  • the invention further provides a method for bonding, in particular bonding, a first component to a second component, the method having at least the following steps: a3) arranging a first component, in particular a binder component, and a second component, in particular a hardener Component, a multi-component adhesive system together with ferrimagnetic or ferromagnetic elements between the first component and the second component; and
  • a connection, in particular for bonding, of a first component to a second component by means of a multi-component adhesive system is provided.
  • Two components of the adhesive system are not mixed when applied to the first component and / or when applied to the second component or the adhesive effect of the adhesive system is not yet activated. A reaction of the two components with each other has therefore not yet taken place at this time.
  • the ferrimagnetic or ferromagnetic elements become mechanical Movement, such as rotation, offset.
  • the two Konnponenten the adhesive system are mixed and triggered a chemical reaction of these two components together.
  • the inventive method is particularly well suited for bonding composite materials, since in contrast to known from the prior art methods, the joining partners (for example, the composite material plate) are not heated or only very slightly. Also, in the method according to the invention, in contrast to known from the prior art method by the action of electromagnetic waves on the adhesive system not the curing of the adhesive system due to heat development is preferred, but a reaction of the two not yet mixed components of the multi-component adhesive system causes.
  • the first component may consist of any, in particular Vietnamese mininetisierbarem, material.
  • the first component is preferably designed as a composite material plate, in particular according to a composite material plate described above.
  • the second component is preferably formed flat.
  • the multi-component adhesive system is based on polyurethane or has polyurethane.
  • components can be mounted or glued in a particularly simple and cost-effective manner.
  • the two components of the adhesive system are arranged together with the ferrimagnetic or ferromagnetic elements in step a3) in the form of a dispersion between the first component and the second component.
  • a dispersion consisting of a suitable ratio of the two components of the adhesive system and the ferrimagnetic or ferromagnetic elements, can be prepared in a particularly simple and cost-effective manner and ready packaged consumption.
  • the two components of the adhesive system could be arranged in the form of separate layers between the first component and the second component.
  • the layers could be applied, sprayed or glued on.
  • adhesive films could be provided, wherein in each case an adhesive film has a component of the adhesive system.
  • the ferrimagnetic or ferromagnetic elements could be applied separately, provided in a separate adhesive sheet, or provided in one of the two adhesive sheets with a component of the adhesive system.
  • a first adhesive film with the first component and a second adhesive film with the second component may be provided, wherein the first adhesive film and / or the second adhesive film also has the ferrimagnetic or ferromagnetic elements.
  • the ferrimagnetic or ferromagnetic elements are preferably substantially elongated. By this is meant that the elements have a greater length than width and thickness. Particularly preferably, the length of the ferrimagnetic or ferromagnetic elements is many times greater than their width and thickness. Due to the elongated design, the ferrimagnetic or ferromagnetic elements can mix the two components of the adhesive system in a particularly suitable manner and cause a chemical reaction of the two components together. Heating within the adhesive system and in particular in the components takes place only slightly.
  • the ferrimagnetic or ferromagnetic elements preferably have a length of at least 1 ⁇ m, more preferably at least 10 ⁇ m.
  • step c3) the electromagnetic waves are radiated in a frequency range between 10 kHz and 100 GHz.
  • a frequency range between 300 MHz and 1 GHz or between 1 GHz and 100 GHz, and most preferably between 2 GHz and 30 GHz, is provided.
  • Fig. 1 a process for producing a multilayer
  • FIG. 1 shows a method for producing a multilayer composite material plate 100.
  • the production of a three-layer composite material board 100 is shown by way of example, which has two cover layers 12, 14 and a middle layer 13 or core layer.
  • composite material plates 100 with more than three layers, in particular with more middle layers 13, could also be formed or produced.
  • cover layers 12, 14, a single-layer composite material plate 100 could also be produced by this method.
  • the illustrated production process or the individual steps of the production process can be continued continuously.
  • finer wood components such as wood fibers, wood dust, sawing residues and / or cellulose are fed to a pipe system 21.
  • the wood components 10 are swirled by means of air supply 23.
  • the fluidized wood components 10 are sprayed with polyurethane 11.
  • a composite material of wood components 10 and polyurethane 11 is produced. This mixture is produced very homogeneously and uniformly due to the turbulence of the wood components 10 and the spraying with polyurethane.
  • wood components 10 could also be applied before or during spraying with polyurethane 11.
  • the wood components 10 for the production of the middle layer 13 can be made or produced from fresh wood, waste wood or wood residues. A drying of the Wood components 10 is not required because a higher moisture of the wood components 10 favors the foaming process with polyurethane 11.
  • first cover layer 12 On a conveyor belt 24 coarser wood chips 15 are applied. These form a first cover layer 12. On the wood chips 15 and the first cover layer 12, an adhesive layer 16 is optionally applied by application of additional polyurethane 11. Subsequently, the composite material produced for the middle layer 13 in the pipe system 21 is sprayed or inflated onto this adhesive layer 16. This means that at the outlet of the pipe system 21, the mixture of wood components 10 and polyurethane 11 is sprayed or blown onto the first cover layer 12 or onto the adhesive layer 16 arranged on the first cover layer 12. As a result, the middle layer 13 or core layer of the composite material plate 100 is formed.
  • a further adhesive layer 16 is applied by application of further polyurethane 11 optionally.
  • the second cover layer 14 is then applied.
  • the second cover layer 14 is produced by applying coarser wood chips 15.
  • FIGS. 2 and 3 show individual method steps of a further method for producing a multilayer composite material plate 100.
  • Wood components 10 combined with different sizes and mixed with a liquid 17, such as water.
  • Wood components 10 of smaller size may be wood fibers, wood dust, sawdust or cellulose.
  • Wood components 10 of larger size may be wood chips 15, for example.
  • the mixture of the wood components 10 and the liquid 17 is stirred and thus a substantially homogeneous wood suspension 25 is prepared.
  • the wood suspension 25 is then scooped and the liquid 17, e.g. the water squeezed. In this case, a relatively thin first layer 18 of the multilayer composite material plate 100 is produced.
  • FIG. 3 a shows possible further steps for producing the multilayer composite material plate 100 based on the first layer 18 produced by means of the first steps (cf. FIG. 2).
  • the first layer 18 can be compressed and subsequently sprayed with polyurethane 11, so that the first layer 18 is arranged wave-like and the areas between the individual wave-shaped sections of the first layer 18 are completely filled with polyurethane 11. Subsequently, a cover layer 12, 14 can be applied to the first layer 18 on both sides. Due to the wavy configuration of the first layer 18, a particularly stable multilayer composite material plate 100 is provided.
  • the first layer 18 can be arranged flat or planar and sprayed with polyurethane 11.
  • a second layer 19, which is produced in accordance with the method steps from FIG. 2 as the first layer 18, is applied to the first layer 18 or the polyurethane 11 applied to the first layer 18.
  • a third layer 20 is applied to the second layer 19 or to the polyurethane 11 applied to the second layer 19.
  • a three-layer composite material plate 100 from substantially horizontally disposed layers 18, 19, 20 is formed. Additional or additional layers, which are produced in accordance with the method steps of FIG. 2, may also be provided for such a multilayer composite material plate 100.
  • Cover layers 12, 14 may also be formed by these layers. Alternatively, the cover layers 12, 14 could be made as shown in FIG.
  • FIGS. 4 a to 4 c show different embodiments of a multilayer composite material plate 100.
  • FIG. 4 a shows a composite material plate 100, which was produced in accordance with the method shown in FIG.
  • the multilayer composite material plate 100 has a middle layer 13 of wood components 10 and polyurethane 11 mixed with these wood components 10. On both sides of the middle layer 13 cover layers 12, 14 are applied, which are made of coarser wood chips 15.
  • FIGS. 4b and 4c each show a composite material plate 100 produced according to a method according to FIGS. 2 and 3.
  • the composite material plate 100 shown in FIG. 4b is produced according to a method according to FIG. 2 and FIG. 3a.
  • the composite material plate 100 shown in FIG. 4c is produced by a method according to FIGS. 2 and 3b.
  • FIGS. 5a and 5b show the essential method steps for connecting, in particular bonding, two components 29a, 29b to one another.
  • the bonding of a composite material plate 100 as the first component 29a with a flat second component 29b shown.
  • a dispersion of a multi-component adhesive system 30 based on polyurethane and ferrimagnetic elements 28 is applied to a first side surface of the composite material plate 100.
  • the composite material plate 100 is placed on the second component 29b.
  • Electromagnetic waves are radiated in the region of a second side surface of the composite material plate 100 with a means 31 for emitting electromagnetic waves.
  • the electromagnetic waves penetrate the composite material plate 100 and cause mechanical movement, such as rotation, of the ferrimagnetic elements 28 within the dispersion.
  • a mixing of the two components of the adhesive system 30 or a chemical reaction of the two components of the adhesive system 30 is effected.

Landscapes

  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Dry Formation Of Fiberboard And The Like (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)

Abstract

L'objectif de l'invention est de fabriquer un panneau en matériau composite de manière simple et économique, ce panneau étant particulièrement léger tout en présentant une haute résistance mécanique et de bonnes propriétés d'insonorisation. A cet effet, des constituants lignocellulosiques (10), de préférence issus du bois, sont mélangés à du polyuréthane (11).
PCT/EP2016/080692 2015-12-10 2016-12-12 Procédé de fabrication d'un panneau en matériau composite à partir de constituants lignocellulosiques et de polyuréthane WO2017098054A2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102015121565.9A DE102015121565A1 (de) 2015-12-10 2015-12-10 Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Kompositwerkstoffplatte aus lignocellulosehaltigen Bestandteilen und Polyurethan
DE102015121565.9 2015-12-10

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WO2017098054A2 true WO2017098054A2 (fr) 2017-06-15
WO2017098054A3 WO2017098054A3 (fr) 2017-08-03

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WO (1) WO2017098054A2 (fr)

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CN113798120B (zh) * 2021-10-25 2023-05-05 湖北康欣新材料科技有限责任公司 一种适用于集装箱地板用cosb基材的浸胶设备

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CA2168682A1 (fr) * 1995-06-02 1996-12-03 David M. Harmon Methode et dispositif permettant d'eviter l'obstruction de la canalisation de decharge dans la fabrication de produits composites a base de cellulose
US5972265A (en) * 1998-05-21 1999-10-26 Forest Products Development Laboratories, Inc. L.L.C. Method and apparatus for producing composites
DE102006021266A1 (de) * 2005-05-02 2006-11-23 Platec Elsterwerda Gmbh Polyurethan-Holz-Komposite und Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung
DE102005038734A1 (de) * 2005-08-16 2007-02-22 Michanickl, Andreas, Prof.Dr. Leichte Mehrschicht-Holzwerkstoffplatte
DE202008015419U1 (de) * 2008-11-21 2010-04-22 Epple, Albrecht, Dr. Vorrichtung zur Beleimung von Fasern in einem Blasrohr
DE102010024515B4 (de) * 2010-06-21 2016-04-07 Fritz Egger Gmbh & Co. Og Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung eines Holzwerkstoffkörpers sowie Holzwerkstoffkörper

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WO2021153668A1 (fr) 2020-01-29 2021-08-05 旭化成株式会社 Dispositif de chauffage transparent

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